2020版高考英语新创新一轮复习外研版讲义：选修7Module1Basketball


Module 1 Basketball



一、课前基础自查
(一)分类记单词——省时高效
Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)
1．court n．　　　球场　
2．coach n. 教练
3．dominate v. 支配；控制
4．wrestling n. 摔跤(运动)
5．boxing n. 拳击(运动)
6．collision n. 碰撞
7．parallel adj. 平行的，并行的
8．adequate adj. 适当的，足够的，充分的
9．abrupt adj. 突出的，出其不意的
10．accelerate v. 加快，加速
11．bounce n. (使球等)反弹，(使)弹回
12．tournament n. 锦标赛，联赛；比赛
13．boundary n. 界限，范围　
14．controversial adj. 有争议的
15．commit v. 犯(错误，罪行)
16．confirm v．(尤指通过提供更多证据)证实，进一步确定
17.dizzy adj.　　头晕目眩的，眩晕的
18．bandage n. 绷带
19．ambulance n. 救护车
20．gymnasium n. 体育馆；健身房
Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)
1．hold v. 保持
2．average n. 平均数
3．deserve v. 应得；值得
4．generation n. 一代人； 代
5．outstanding adj. 杰出的；优秀的；出色的
6．nationwide adj. 全国各地的
7．instant adj. 立刻的
8．hit n. 热门人物
9．slim adj. 苗条的，修长的
10．obtain v. 获得，得到
11．aside adv. 靠一边，站到一边
12. teamwork n. 合作，协作，配合
Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)
1．defend v．防守→defence n．防守；防御
2．association n．协会→associate v．使联合　
3．talented adj.有天资的；有才能的→talent n．天资；才能
4．professional n．职业球员adj.专业的→profession n．职业
5．complicated adj.复杂的→complicate v．使复杂化
6．attend v．上(学)；出席；参加→attendance n．出席；考勤
7．valued adj.有价值的；受重视的→value n．价值→valuable adj.有价值的
8．motivation n．动力→motivate v．刺激；使有动力
9．various adj.各种各样的→vary v．使多样化→variety n．多样性；种类
10．entire adj.全部的；整个的→entirely adv.完全地
11．immediate adj.立刻的；即刻的→immediately adv.立即conj.一……就……
12．popularity n．流行；普及→popular adj.流行的；受欢迎的
13．rely v．信任；信赖→reliable adj.可信赖的
14．selfish adj.自私的；自私自利的→selfishness n．自私→selfless adj.无私的→selflessness n．无私
15．nature n．性格；本性；天性→natural adj.自然的；天生的
16．absorb v．消减，缓冲；吸收；吸引→absorbed adj.专心的；被吸收的
17．appoint v．任命，委派→appointment n．任命，委派
18．typical adj.典型的，具有代表性的；独特的→type n．类型；种类
19．considerate adj.体谅的，考虑周到的→consideration n．考虑
20．apologise v．道歉，谢罪→apology n．道歉
21．frustration n．挫折，失望，失意→frustrate v．挫败→frustrated adj.受挫折的→frustrating adj.使人沮丧的
22．basis n．基础；根据→base n．基础→basic adj.基础的
[语境活用]
1．Joan is a talented dancer.She showed a talent for dancing when she was young.(talent)
2．He should apologise to the woman for his rudeness, but he didn't make an apology to her.(apologise)
3．He was appointed as manager of the company.But to everyone's surprise, he didn't accept the appointment.(appoint)
4．The firemen drove to the spot immediately they received the call, and they started working immediately.Now, their immediate concern was to stop the fire from spreading.(immediate)
5．In time of war, lots of money will be spent on defence and many measures will be taken to defend a country from being attacked.(defend)
6．Many parents feel some teachers in this kindergarten are not reliable and they can't rely on them to look after their children.(rely)
7．China is a country with a vast territory. Its climate and geographical features are various,_and the variety of plants and animals is also different.(vary)
8．Since everything that you put on your skin is absorbed,_you will also be absorbing those chemicals into your body.(absorb)
9．Every job has its frustration.Sometimes the narrow­minded people make me frustrated.(frustrate)
10．Due to technological developments, humans have started to use more natural resources than nature can give.(nature)

(二)练中记短语——记牢用活

写准记牢
语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)
1.in_the_history_of　　在……历史上
2．on_average 平均
3．all_the_time 一直
4．if_necessary 如果有必要的话
5．be_rude_to 对……粗鲁
6．be_used_to 习惯于(某事物)　
7．grow_up 成长，长大
8．draw_sb.'s_attention_to 引起某人注意(某事物)
9．take_possession_of 占有，占据，拥有
10．be_based_on 根据，以……基础
1.With his wise thoughts about nature and the world, Confucius is a great thinker in_the_history_of China.
2．If someone in the chat room is_rude_to you, your instinct (本能) is to fire back in the same manner.But try not to do so.
3．The success of the competition has been in two aspects — to draw the world's attention_to the problems of homelessness and also to help participants live a better life.
4．A wise decision is_based_on true facts and reasonable judgement.
5．Mr.Smith is a success as a businessman; he takes_possession_of several big companies.

(三)仿写明句式——以用为本
教材原句
句式解读
句式仿写
1.In 1987, Jordan became only the second player to score more than 3,000 points in a season.
在1987年，乔丹成为第二个在一个赛季得分超过3 000的球员。
the＋first/second/last (＋名词)＋动词不定式作定语。
(2017·北京高考书面表达)你们学校给出的两个线路中，我认为长江是旅行的第一选择。
Of the two routes given by your school, the Yangtze River is the_first_choice_to_travel,_ I think.
2.But there is no doubt that he deserves the title “outstanding player of his generation”．
但是毫无疑问，他无愧于“一代杰出球员”这一称号。
There is no doubt that ...“毫无疑问……”。
(2018·江苏高考书面表达)毫无疑问，完全依赖消费排名是不明智的。
There_is_no_doubt_that it is unwise to depend completely on the ratings in consumption.
3.To do this, he told Yao to be more aggressive and, if necessary, to be rude to his teammates.
为达到这个目的，他告诉姚明要更有攻击性，必要的话，对他的队友粗鲁一些。
if necessary为省略句，意为“如果有必要的话”。
周日早晨我们将在人民公园见面，如果有必要的话，我们将从上午7点学习到11点。
We are to meet on Sunday morning in the People's Park.If_necessary,_we will learn from 7：00 am to 11：00 am.

二、课堂重点深化

1．defend v．防守；防御；保护；辩护；辩解
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①They help the body defend itself against/from some kinds of infections.
②Some people may defend themselves by saying that snake meat is nutritious.
③Mr Green stood up in defence (defend) of the 16­year­old boy, saying that he was not the one to blame.
　[系统归纳]
(1)defend/protect ...from/against ... 保护……免遭……
defend sb.by ...　　　　　　 通过……为某人辩护
defend oneself 自卫；为自己辩解
(2)defence n. 防卫；防务；辩护
in defence of 为保卫；为……辩护
　[重点强化]
佳句时时写
④你最好带上一把太阳伞以免被阳光晒伤。
You'd better take a sun umbrella to_defend_yourself_from_the_sunshine.
僻义牢牢记
⑤It is your fault.There is no need for you to defend yourself any more.辩解
2．hold v．保持，持有；抓住，抱住；容纳，收留；举行，举办；认为
　[自主体验]
写出下列句中hold的含义
①What's more, we can also hold a picnic party with the local people.举行，举办
②She wanted to hold him and tell him how much she loved him.抱住
③On my recent visit, I held a lively three­month­old twin that had been rejected by its mother.收留
④“He can't hold it for that long, Mom.Someone else will buy it.Please, Mom, please？”保持，持有
⑤Some people prefer wealth, holding that money cannot bring everything, but without it, one can do nothing.认为
⑥The dining hall can hold 3,000 students at a time. 容纳
　[系统归纳]
(1)hold back　　　　　　　 抑制；阻止；隐瞒；退缩
hold on 坚持；别挂断电话
hold on to 紧紧抓住；保留；坚持
hold up 举起；阻挡
(2) get hold of 找到；联系上；理解
take hold of 抓住；握住
　[重点强化]
用法条条清(用hold on to/get hold of/take hold of填空)
⑦We will be successful as long as we hold_on_to the end.
⑧I took_hold_of her hand and gently led her away.
⑨I cannot get_hold_of the meaning of the article.
佳句时时写
⑩(2018·江苏高考书面表达)对排名保持一种客观态度是必要的。
It is necessary to_hold_an_objective_attitude_towards ratings.
3．attend v．上(学)；出席；参加；照顾；护理；注意
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①The paramedics (急救人员) had arrived, and were attending to the injured woman.
②Not long after that, an attending (attend) doctor and I were flying in the bad weather.
③There was an attendance (attend) of 42 at the meeting.
　[系统归纳]
(1) attend a lecture/a meeting/school　　　听演讲/参加会议/上学
attend (on/upon) sb. 看护/照顾/陪伴某人
attend to 处理；照料，护理，侍候
(2)attendance n. 参加；参加者；参与人数
attending doctor 主治医师
　[重点强化]
易错对对碰 (attend/attend to)
④Please attend_to what I'll tell you when you attend the meeting.
佳句时时写
⑤(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)我写信邀请你参观下个周日上午八点到下午五点在我们市中心美术馆举办的中国剪纸艺术展。
I am writing to invite you to_attend_the_Chinese_paper­cutting_art_exhibition to be held in the art gallery from 8：00 am to 5：00 pm next Sunday in our city center.
4．deserve v．应得；值得
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①He deserved to_win (win) in the Olympic Games because he had made enough preparations for the game.
②It is those who are willing to give rather than receive that deserve respecting/to_be respected (respect)．
　[系统归纳]
deserve to do sth. 值得做某事；应该做某事
sth.deserve doing＝sth.deserve to be done 某事值得被做
One good turn deserves another. 善有善报。
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
③He finished the task on time, so he deserved be given such a great honor.deserved后加to
佳句时时写
④无论一件工作有多么平凡，它都在社会中起着作用，因此它应该得到我们的尊重。
No matter how ordinary a job is, it plays a part in society and therefore deserves_our_respect.
5．instant adj.立刻的；速食的，即食的 n．片刻，瞬间
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①(2017·浙江高考)But when he looked to the side, he saw instantly (instant) that it wasn't a dog at all, but a wolf，quickly catching up with him.
②The instant he met Cuddles, he knew he was making the right choice.
③In an instant, he took off his coat and jumped into the water.
　[系统归纳]
(1) in an instant　　　　　 立即，马上
for an instant 片刻，一瞬间
the instant＋从句＝instantly/as soon as＋从句 一……就……
(2)instantly adv. 立刻地
conj. 一……就……
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
④I recognized her the instant when I saw her.去掉when
佳句时时写
⑤洪灾难民急需救助。
The flood victims were in_instant_need_of_help.
6．appoint v．任命，委派，约定
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Once you make an appointment (appoint) with someone, you should keep it.
②She was waiting at my apartment at the appointed (appoint) time to take me to Disney World.
③I was appointed to_take (take) charge of arranging all the activities on that day.
　[系统归纳]
(1)appoint sb.(as/to be)＋职位任命 某人担任……职位
appoint sb.to do sth.　　　　　　 委派某人做某事
(2)appointment n. 任命，委派；约定
make/have an appointment with sb. 与某人有约
keep/break an appointment 守约/违约
(3)appointed adj. 约定的；指定的
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
④Getting the most votes, Jack was appointed as the monitor.去掉第二个the
佳句时时写
⑤在我们生活中，守约是非常重要的。
Keeping_an_appointment_is_very_important in our life.

1．be used to习惯于(某事物)
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)An important part of its corn is used to_feed (feed) chickens, pigs, and cattle.
②A smell may be attractive but it may not just be used for freshening air.
　[系统归纳]
(1) be/get used to sth./doing sth.　 习惯于(做)某事
be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
be used for sth./doing sth. 用于某物/做某事
be/get accustomed to sth./doing sth. 习惯于某事/做某事
(2)used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
　[重点强化]
易错对对碰(live/living)
③She used to live with her parents, but now she is used to living with her classmates at school.
佳句时时写
④她的图书馆曾是那些爱书和喜欢分享知识的人的聚会之地。
Her library used_to_be_a_meeting_place for those who loved books and liked to share knowledge.
2．draw one's attention to 引起某人注意(某事物)
　[系统归纳]
pay attention to　　　　　　　　 注意
call one's attention to 使某人注意……
gain/get the attention of 引起/得到……的注意
attract/catch one's attention 吸引某人的注意
focus one's attention on ... 把某人的注意力集中在……上
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
①Uses of Prezi in listening and speaking courses draw students' attention to speak more fluently.speak→speaking
②Her attention was focused to the computer and didn't notice my coming.to→on
佳句时时写
③(2015·四川高考书面表达)至于说普通话，最好多注意发音。
As for speaking Mandarin, it's better to_pay_much_attention_to_the_pronunciation.
3．there is no doubt that ...
[教材原句]　But there_is_no_doubt_that he deserves the title “outstanding player of his generation”.
　[自主体验]
①(2015·湖北高考)There_is_no_doubt_that this candidate's advantage lies in his ability to communicate with foreigners in English.毫无疑问，这个候选人的优势在于他用英语和外国人交流的能力。
②There_is_some_doubt_if/whether computer games can have a bad effect on students' health.
电脑游戏是否会对学生的健康有不利影响还不确定。
③I don't_doubt_that the plan is practical, but I doubt_whether/if he will stick to the plan until it's finished.
我确信这个计划很实用，但是我怀疑是否他会坚持到计划被完成。
　[归纳点拨]
用法规则
(1)there is no doubt that ...　毫无疑问……
(2)there is some doubt if/whether ... 不确定；仍有疑问
(3)don't doubt that ... 确信……；不怀疑……
doubt if/whether ... 怀疑是否……
注意事项
doubt前有否定词时，后接that引导的从句；其前无否定词时，后接whether或 if引导的从句。

　[佳句背诵]
①(精彩开头句)(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)There is no doubt that table tennis is regarded as the National Ball of China.
②(增分要点句)You can complain, but I doubt whether it'll make any difference.

本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与社会”中的“体育活动、大型体育赛事”子话题相对应
一、话题语素积累多一点
话题词汇记一记
子话题(一)　球类
温故浅易词汇
①basketball　②volleyball　③football ④tennis ⑤baseball
识记生疏词汇
①rugby n．橄榄球　②ice hockey冰球
③bowling n．保龄球 ④badminton n．羽毛球

子话题(二)　场馆
温故浅易词汇
①playground　　②sports ground　　③sports field ④stadium ⑤track
识记生疏词汇
①plastic tracks塑胶跑道　 　②gymnasium n．体育馆
③lawn football field草坪足球场 ④ski field滑雪场

子话题(三)　赛事
温故浅易词汇
①event　　②match　③game ④competition ⑤final
识记生疏词汇
①practice session训练期　　②season n．赛季
③play­off game季后赛

子话题(四)　人员
温故浅易词汇
①coach　　②judge　　 ③player ④athlete ⑤competitor ⑥professional
识记生疏词汇
①sponsor n．赞助者/商　　②manager n．经纪人
③guard n．后卫 ④runner­up n．亚军
⑤cheering squad拉拉队 ⑥champion n．冠军

常用词块忆一忆
①physically and mentally　　　　　 身体上和精神上
②take part in competition 参加比赛
③set a new world record 刷新世界纪录
④build up one's body 增强某人的体质
⑤the most outstanding players 最优秀的球员
⑥show the talent for sports 表现出运动天赋
⑦be admitted to the national team 进入国家队
⑧be appointed as coach 被任命为教练
⑨achieve remarkable results 取得骄人的成绩
⑩fall in love with sports 爱上运动
写作佳句背一背
①There is no doubt that sport is good for our health.
②What's more, exercise can make you well­behaved and confident.
③A person who takes exercises regularly will keep fit.
④Not only does exercise improve our health but also it makes us cheerful and raises our learning efficiency.
二、话题书面表达亮一点

假定你是李华，你的老师让你用英语介绍一位篮球运动员并用电子邮件发送给他。请你简要介绍该运动员。
内容包括：1.其身份地位；
2．成长经历；
3．其在篮球运动方面的成就。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mr Li，
I'm glad that you would like to learn something about a famous basketball player.　

　

I hope my recommendation is helpful for you.Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua
　　　
[写作4步走]
第一步：句写对——给词写句

outstanding, talent, coach, admit, hit, appoint, generation, typical, in the history of, at one point, introduce　　
1．在这里我乐意给你介绍一位。
Here_is_one_I'd_like_to_introduce_to_you.
2．他是篮球历史上最优秀的运动员之一。
He_is_one_of_the_most_outstanding_players_in_the_history_of_basketball.
3．他在运动方面很有天赋。
He_showed_a_talent_for_sports.
4．他被国家队录取。
He_was_admitted_to_the_national_team.
5．他一度成为热点人物。
He_at_one_point_became_a_hit.
6．2017年退役后他被任命为教练。
He_was_appointed_as_coach_after_retirement_in_2017.
7．他开始用他的特别的方法训练下一代。
He began to train the next generation with his typical method.
第二步：量写够——语句扩充
8．在第2句前加上“毫无疑问”。
There_is_no_doubt_that_he_is_one_of_the_most_outstanding_players_in_the_history_of_basketball.
9．在第3句前加上时间状语“在5岁时”，并加上并列谓语“引起了一位著名教练的注意”。
At_five,_he_showed_a_talent_for_sports_and_drew_a_famous_coach's_attention.
10．在第4句前加上时间状语“在他上中学前”。
Before_attending_middle_school,_he_was_admitted_to_the_national_team.
11．在第4句后加上“根据自身特点他接受训练并成为一流球员”。
He_was_trained_based_on_his_features_and_became_a_top­class_player.
12．在第5句加上原因状语“由于刻苦、认真”和取得的结果“他很快取得了骄人的成绩”。
Because_he_was_hard­working_and_serious,_he_quickly_achieved_remarkable_results_and_at_one_point_became_a_hit.

第三步：语写美——词句升格
1．把上面第10、11句用定语从句合并。
Before__attending_middle_school,_he_was_admitted_to_the_national_team,_where_he_was_trained_based_on_his_features_and_became_a_top­class_player.
2．用形容词作状语改写第12句。
Hard­working_and_serious,_he_quickly_achieved_remarkable_results_and_at_one_point_became_a_hit.
第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文
根据语句间的逻辑关系可用from then on把以上要点句连句成文。
Dear Mr Li，
I'm glad that you would like to learn something about a famous basketball player. Here_is_one_I'd_like_to_introduce_to_you.
There_is_no_doubt_that_he_is_one_of_the_most_outstanding_players_in_the_history_of_basketball.At__five,_he_showed_a__talent_for_sports_and_drew_a_famous_coach's_attention.Before__attending_middle_school,_he_was_admitted_to_the_national_team,_where_he_was_trained_based_on_his_features_and_became_a_top­class_player._Hard­working_and_serious,_he_quickly_achieved_remarkable_results_and_at_one_point_became_a_hit.He__was_appointed_as_coach_after_retirement_in_2017.From_then_on,_he_began_to_train_the_next_generation_with_his_typical_method.
I hope my recommendation is helpful for you.Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua

Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．We may have various (各种各样的) ways to deal with such a situation.
2．Immediate (立即的) action should be taken, like stopping cutting down trees to better the environment.
3．On average (平均数), students in Senior One spend 7 hours per week reading and those in Senior Two 5 hours.
4．In my opinion, students should arrange adequate (足够的) reading time to broaden their horizons.
5．She is tall and slim (苗条的) with big eyes and curly hair.
6．Nowadays, energy can be obtained (获得) through various sources.
7．I must apologise (道歉) for my delay in answering your letter.
8．In China, there is an old saying：Unity is strength, showing the importance of teamwork (合作)．
Ⅱ.语境语法填空
1．The Great Wall in China, whose walls were put up ❶to__defend (defend) the borders of the different kingdoms in the past, is very ❷valued (value) in the history ❸of Chinese architecture.
2．My brother grew ❶up in the countryside, but he ❷attended (attend) a top­class university later in our country.There is no doubt that he is ❸talented (talent) in his studies.
3．Recently, the hard pressure of employment ❶has_drawn (draw) many parents' attention to children's education.❷Typically (typical), the yearly average amount of money spent on the children's education is going upwards all ❸the time.
4．Everyone is eager to take ❶possession (possess) of health, but it is not easy.As we all know, health is based ❷on the adequate diets and exercise.If you are used to ❸being (be) a lazy man, you will probably lose all your entire belongings.
Ⅲ.语境改错
1．文中共有5处错误，每句中最多有两处，请找出并改正。
In a sense, life is like swimming.If you keep held on to the sides of the pool, you will learn nothing. So, take an immediately action to enjoy your life and rely yourself to grow up.Put his frustration aside before you obtain that you want.
答案：第二句：held→holding
第三句：immediately→immediate; rely后加on
第四句：his→your; that→what
2．文中共有5处错误，每句中最多有两处，请找出并改正。
Wang Hui didn't attend to school last week, because he was appointing to take part in an important basketball match.It's typical for him to go to gymnasium before the game.He is used to work out for one hour in the gymnasium.He believes that his basketball team is the most top­class teams in the city.
答案：第一句：去掉第一个to; appointing→appointed
第二句：for→of
第三句：work→working
第四句：teams→team
Ⅳ.根据提示补全句子
1．我一看见他，我就知道他就是警察正在找的那个人。(instant)
The_instant_I_saw_him I knew he was the man the police were looking for.
2．依我看，这本书值得读几次。(deserve)
As far as I'm concerned, this book deserves_reading/to_be_read_several_times.
3．毫无疑问，我们可以从正在接受的训练中受益。(doubt)
There_is_no_doubt_that_we_can_benefit_from the training we are being given.
4．这事若是事实，它将给我们造成许多麻烦。(状语从句的省略结构)
If_true,_this will cause us a lot of trouble.
5．居里夫人是世界上第一位两次获得诺贝尔奖的人。(不定式作定语)
Madam Curie was the first person in the world to_receive_Nobel_Prize_twice.
Ⅴ.短文填空
(Ⅰ)根据提示填空
As one of the most important sports in the world, basketball is more and more ❶popular (popularity) in China, ❷especially (especial) among ❸teenagers (青少年)．
The first reason why basketball is popular must be TV programs and newspapers, which give a wide range of people the chance ❹to_fall_in_love_with (爱上) it.Besides, ❺playing (play) basketball is good for our health both physically and ❻mentally (mental)．Nowadays, almost all the teenagers are under great ❼pressure (press), and basketball serves the best way to release the pressure and they find some pleasure at the same time.
Now it's time to take ❽action (act) and take advantage of our spare time to play basketball.
(Ⅱ)片段选词填空
guard， professional， one­third， on average， in the history of， attracts， approximately， major， season， games 、
Almost certainly, Yao Ming has introduced more people to ❶professional basketball, surely the NBA brand, than any other man ❷in_the_history_of the sport.While it's difficult to get exact ratings of the 39 NBA games broadcast in a ❸season in China on CCTV (China Central television), the best available evidence is that ❹approximately 200 million have frequently watched when the Rockets play, which is about ❺one­third of the time.That's 195 million more than watch an NBA playoff game, ❻on_average.It's nearly two Super Bowls worth of eyeballs on any game.Or as former Rockets ❼guard Sam Cassell said ，“Let's just say for the sake of arguing, it's 50 million people.That means Yao ❽attracts a major market all by himself.Actually, that's five ❾major markets.And we all know it's a lot more people than that.It's hundreds of millions watching ❿games for the whole time he's been in the league.”


一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心
Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)“Small talk is the basis (base) of good manners，” he says.
2．(2018·北京高考)Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes of anger are various (vary)．
3．(2018·北京高考)Good morning.I'd like to make an appointment (appoint) for next Wednesday afternoon.
4．(2018·浙江高考)What is even more interesting is that one of Stein's jobs is defending (defend) an industry behind the plastic shopping bag.
5．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Of the outstanding (outstand) ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?
6．(2015·湖南高考)We will never know if we are interested or talented (talent) in a subject if we don't try it.
7．(2015·广东高考)When it comes to my class, I have to say that I can't stand some classmates' selfishness (selfish)．
8．(2014·山东高考)Many of their shops relied on passing car drivers for some of their trade.
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空
(选用instantly, considerate, attend, get hold of填空)
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ完形填空)After that, feeling the need to explore further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL Club's meetings.I only learned how to sign the alphabet that day.Yet instead of being discouraged by my slow progress, I was excited.I then made it a point to __55__ those meetings and learn all I could.attend
2．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ完形填空)One more look and he noticed flames shooting out from under the disabled vehicle.Larry pulled over, set the brake and __47__ the fire extinguisher (灭火器)．Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.got_hold_of
3．(2013·天津高考完形填空)He always puts our happiness before his own, and never fails to cheer me on at my sports games in spite of his exhaustion after long days.His loving and selfless nature has inspired me to become more sympathetic and __34__， putting others first.considerate
4．(2010·浙江高考完形填空)Years later, when I stood in the kitchen of my new house, thinking how I wanted to make my first Christmas there special and memorable，I __29__ remembered the women's visit.I decided that I wanted to create that same feeling of importance for as many children as I could possibly reach.instantly
二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度
新高考下的命题新视角：当今社会，人们的体育活动越来越丰富，各类体育赛事充实着人们的日常生活，体育明星相伴万千粉丝，续写着一个个传奇故事。社会生活不能没有体育，因而，体育也成为高考的热点话题。
[话题感悟]
学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深
( 加蓝词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)
Beginning to learn gymnastics even before she could barely walk, Svetlana had always dreamed to enter the Olympics scene some day.
However, her __1__ ended in the car on the winding road when a lorry appeared out of nowhere.The last thing she __2__ was a blinding flash of light.In hospital, when told she would never __3__ again, she couldn't believe it.Three months later, she was __4__ out of hospital on a wheelchair.Then a friend came to her house to visit her with an old children's storybook.A bookmark in it made her __5__ to page 117.The name of the __6__ was “The Day Clara Walked”．She was determined to return to stage whatever it might cost.
__7__， after a year's hard exercise, Svetlana recovered and was able to display her gymnastics.While she was sitting on the green bench __8__ the Athens Olympic Stadium, memories __9__： first, the pain and the tears, the book under her pillow, the words of relatives full of advice and comfort, and the pity in those eyes that had once held __10__ for her talent.Then followed the trips to the gym where everyone looked on __11__， their disbelief transforming slowly to wonder, __12__ she could balance the hoop (圈) as well as her teammates.She registered for the 2004 Olympic Games, and finally she received __13__ from the Olympic Committee.
Her __14__ was interrupted by the attendant who said，“It's time”， two words that she had been __15__ to hear for so long.Smoothing her dress, she walked into the stadium, each __16__ firm and steady.Everything was __17__， and the applause rang loud in her ears, her heart __18__ violently against her chest.
Later that night, Svetlana pulled the gold medal out of her pocket and placed it on the old __19__ on the shelf, which opened to page 117, to the chapter “The Day Clara Walked”， tears __20__ her vision.
语篇解读：奇迹总是降临在那些面临困境却怀有梦想、意志坚定的人的身上。该文主人公 Svetlana 的故事就是一个例证。
1．A.intention　　　　　　 B．dream
C．life D．career
解析：选B　根据第一段的内容可知，Svetlana很小就学习体操，一直梦想着有一天进入奥运现场。故此处出现转折，表示她的梦想因车祸而破灭，故选B项。 intention“意图，目的”；dream“梦想”；life“生命”；career“事业，生涯”。
2．A.remembered B．forgot
C．experienced D．suffered
解析：选A　她能记起的最后一件事情是一道刺眼的闪光。remember“记得”；forget“忘记”；experience“经历”；suffer“遭受”。
3．A.see B．dance
C．sing D．walk
解析：选D　根据下文中的“she was ________ out of hospital on a wheelchair”可推知，她被告知不能再走路了，故选择D项。
4．A.wheeled B．rocked
C．thrown D．rushed
解析：选A　根据空后的“on a wheelchair”可知，她坐在轮椅上被推出了医院。wheel“用有轮之物推动”；rock“缓缓摆动”；throw“扔”；rush“迅速移动”。
5．A.point B．relate
C．open D．adapt
解析：选C　书里的书签使她把书打开到117页。最后一段的“which opened to page 117”也是提示。point“指向”；relate“联系”；open“打开”；adapt“适应”。
6．A.bookmark B．page
C．story D．chapter
解析：选D　根据最后一段中的“to the chapter ‘The Day Clara Walked’”可知，应选择D项。chapter“章，篇”。
7．A.Fortunately B．Surprisingly
C．Suddenly D．Certainly
解析：选B　经过一年的艰苦训练，Svetlana 康复了并能表演体操，这是令人惊奇的事，因此选择B项。
8．A.outside B．inside
C．beneath D．opposite
解析：选A　根据倒数第二段中的“Smoothing her dress, she walked into the stadium”可知，此时她是坐在体育场外的长椅上，故选择A项。
9．A.squeezed out B．faded away
C．mixed up D．flooded in
解析：选D　Svetlana 坐在长椅上回忆起经历的一切，记忆一下子涌了进来。squeeze out“把……挤出”；fade away“逐渐消逝”；mix up“弄错”；flood in“大量涌入”。
10．A.fright B．admiration
C．sympathy D．regret
解析：选B　根据空格后的“for her talent”并结合选项可知，此处表示曾经因她的才能而羡慕的人。fright“惊吓”；admiration“羡慕，赞赏”；sympathy“同情”；regret“遗憾，懊悔”。
11．A.cheerfully B．thankfully
C．nervously D．doubtfully
解析：选D　根据空后的“their disbelief”可知，在体育场人们怀疑地观望着。cheerfully“欢快地”；thankfully“感激地”；nervously“不安地”；doubtfully“怀疑地”。
12．A.until B．while
C．as D．once
解析：选C　当 Svetlana 能和她的队友一样在转圈时保持平衡，人们的怀疑慢慢地变成了惊奇。as 表示“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句。注意 while 引导时间状语从句时，谓语动词须是延续性动词。
13．A.approval B．praise
C．support D．access
解析：选A　根据上下文可知，她报名参加2004年奥运会，并最终获得了奥委会的批准。approval“批准”；praise“赞扬”；support“支持”；access“入口”。
14．A.plan B．thought
C．attempt D．sight
解析：选B　文章第三段主要介绍 Svetlana 坐在长椅上回忆经历的一切，此时她的思绪被服务人员打断，因为该她上场了，故选择B项。
15．A.eager B．content
C．upset D．proud
解析：选A　 能参加奥运会是 Svetlana 的梦想，被告知该她上场比赛是她一直渴望听到的。eager“渴望的”，be eager to do“渴望做”。content“满意的”；upset“沮丧的”；proud“骄傲的”。
16．A.breath B．wave
C．step D．look
解析：选C　根据前文中的“Smoothing her dress, she walked into the stadium”可知，此时她的每一步都走得坚定而沉稳。step“步伐”。
17．A.unexpected B．perfect
C．awful D．finished
解析：选B　根据空后的“and the applause rang loud in her ears”及最后一段中的“Svetlana pulled the gold medal out of her pocket”可知，她的表演非常完美。unexpected“出乎意料的”；perfect“完美的”；awful“可怕的”；finished“完成了的”。
18．A.fighting B．striking
C．kicking D．hammering
解析：选D　(由于激动)她的心在胸腔里猛烈地跳动。fight“打架”；strike“打，击”；kick“踢”；hammer“猛烈跳动”。
19．A.hoop B．letter
C．book D．dress
解析：选C　根据第二段，再结合空格后的内容可知，Svetlana 应是把金牌放在了那本旧书上。
20．A.rolling B．filling
C．clouding D．rushing
解析：选C　泪水模糊了她的视线。roll“滚动”；fill“填满”；cloud“使模糊”；rush“迅速移动”。
学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透
完形填空技法(8)——语境推测法，提高答对率的捷径
近几年高考英语完形填空的最大特点是重点考查语境理解。所谓语境，就是指文章上下文之间的联系，它包括文章语气的一致性、意思的连贯性、表述的合理性、论证的逻辑性等。正因为完形填空题主要考查考生对语境的理解能力，所以空格的前后多有暗示(后文暗示前文的居多)。考生在做题时，一定要从整体上把握文章的内容，弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系，结合语境辨析所给选项，从中选出最符合语境的选项。如本文中3、4、11、13、16、17、19等题目可使用语境推测法。

A
When high school girls want to improve their performance in playing basketball, they can work on their skill level. High school players who improve their speed, endurance (耐力) and strength will become tougher to stop in games.
Quickness Exercises
The ability to move with speed and quickness can help you win more individual battles than any other single quality. Improving in this area will give you great confidence as well. To build quickness, jump rope, run up and down stadium stairs, and do box jumps. These types of exercises will help you become a more explosive player on the court and more effective overall.
Jumping Ability
Jumping higher than your opponent is an obvious benefit in the game of basketball. You can do exercises every day to jump higher. Stand under the backboard (篮板) with your feet shoulder­width apart，bend your knees, and jump as high as you can.Touch the backboard with your hand. As you come down, bend down in a crouch (蹲伏) and then jump as high as you can again. Do this 10 times, take a one­minute break and repeat the set.
Strength Training
Getting stronger will help you become a tougher and more effective player. This will help you hold your position when you are trying to play effective defense.You can lift weights to get stronger. For example, you can also use dumb­bells (哑铃) to do strengthening exercises.
Competition
To bring your performance up to a higher level, you have to seek out older and more experienced players.When you play with better players, you will be forced to develop your ball­handling, shooting and passing skills.“I always thought I had to find better players if my game was going to get better，” said professional female basketball player Nancy Lieberman­Cline.“I always wanted to play against guys or older players because I had a hunger for keeping working on my game.”
语篇解读：本文针对女中学生如何练习提高打篮球的技能提出了几条建议。
1．Which of the following abilities will help you win the most individual battles?
A．Moving quickly.　　　　 B．Jumping high.
C．Jumping quickly. D．Moving powerfully.
解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The ability to move with speed and quickness can help you win more individual battles than any other single quality.”可知答案。
2．If you are a basketball player who wants to be stronger, you are advised to ________.
A．jump rope B．run up and down stairs
C．put on weight D．lift heavy things
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四段第三句“You can lift weights to get stronger.”可知答案。
3．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．Playing with better players has both advantages and disadvantages.
B．The ball­handling, shooting and passing skills are best developed in real matches.
C．Boys are generally considered as better players than girls.
D．Professional female players have to play with males in real matches.
解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“When you play with better players, you will be forced to develop your ball­handling, shooting and passing skills.”可知答案。
4．In which part of a magazine would we most probably read the passage?
A．Health. B．Family.
C．Sports. D．Science.
解析：选C　文章出处题。本文针对女中学生如何练习提高打篮球的技能提出了建议，因此最有可能出现在Sports专栏里。
B
As a journalist in the Morning Star, Vermont put it “Friday night witnessed a transformation in five teenage girls at Danville High School, and they underwent (经历) it with the whole class present.” I thought you'd like to know the story.
The Friday night mentioned above was January 20, 2015. The setting was a packed gymnasium just before the start of a game against another school. The five girls were members of the Danville High School basketball team — all of them starters. They were not in uniform to play that night and would not be on the team for the rest of this season. They were there to explain why they had been kicked off the team.
They were there to admit their breaking of team rules. They were there to support their coach's decision to take them off the team. They were there to let the town know there was a problem in their little community that needed to be addressed. And they did it with sincere regret rather than defensiveness.
While the school had been out for the Christmas and New Year's holidays, the girls had gone to the party with several of their friends. It was New Year's Eve. There was alcohol there. And the five girls all drank some.
Coach Tammy Rainville has a zero tolerance rule on drugs and alcohol for the members of her team though it was a hard decision for her to make. Every kid who plays for her knows that rule. So when classes resumed (重新开始) after the break and accounts of holiday parties were shared, rumors (传闻) about the five girls began closing in on them. Coach Tammy Rainville didn't have to confront (面对) them, for they got together and decided to go to her with the full story.
The coach said she couldn't back down on her rules. And the players — two junior students and three senior students — agreed. That Friday night in the gym was part of their public support of the coach's decision.
One of the senior students spoke last. “We hope you will understand that we are not bad kids. We made a mistake ... What we did was definitely not worth it. We hope this event will make everyone open their eyes and realize that there is a big drug and alcohol problem in our community，” she said. “And if you work with us to try to solve this problem, you will help us feel that we have not been thrown off our basketball team for nothing.” The five left the floor to deafening applause.
The Danville High School girls' basketball team may not win another game this year. But they've learnt something about personal responsibility, the effect of one's action on others, and honesty that will serve them well throughout life.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了5个高中篮球队的女生因为饮酒违反队规被教练除名的事情。
5．It can be inferred from the passage that the five girls who were kicked off the team were ________.
A．very good players on the team
B．addicted to alcohol and drugs
C．three junior students and two senior students
D．scolded by their parents for drinking alcohol
解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第五段的“Coach Tammy Rainville has a zero tolerance rule on drugs and alcohol for the members of her team though it was a hard decision for her to make.”和最后一段的“The Danville High School girls' basketball team may not win another game this year.”可知，这5个女生应该是队里打得很好的选手，故选A。
6．What did the girls do to support their coach's decision?
A．They didn't fight for Danville High School any more.
B．They all gave speeches to apologize in the local press.
C．They admitted their mistake in public in the gymnasium.
D．They would never drink any alcohol throughout their life.
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段的介绍可知，5名被除名的女生是通过去体育场向大家公开认错的方式来表达对教练的支持，故选C。
7．Which word best describes the coach Tammy Rainville?
A．Indifferent. B．Strict.
C．Stubborn. D．Cruel.
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第五段的“Coach Tammy Rainville has a zero tolerance rule on drugs and alcohol for the members of her team”可知选B。
8．Which would be the best title for the passage?
A．Growing up with pain
B．A bad mistake
C．Team rules are everything
D．Basketball girls in high school
解析：选A　标题归纳题。根据最后一段内容可知，文章主要是讲孩子在成长过程中要通过勇敢面对、改正错误来不断地学习和进步，故选A。