2020版高考英语新设计大一轮人教新高考（浙鲁京琼）版讲义：必修三Unit2





阅读词汇
请匹配下列单词与其词义
1．muscle　　　　A．vt.& n．烧烤；烤肉
2．barbecue B．n.羊肉
3．mutton C．n.肌肉；(食用)瘦肉
4．ingredient D．n.(食物的)味道与气味；特性
5．flavour E．n.(烹调用的)材料；原料；成分
6．protein F．adj.含糖的；甜的
7．sugary G．n.维生素
8．poisonous H．n.蛋白质
9．obesity I．n.过度肥胖
10．vitamin J．adj. 有毒的
答案　1.C　2.A　3.B　4.E　5.D　6.H　7.F　8.J　9.I　10.G

高频词汇
请根据汉语提示完成下列词块
1．consult reference books查阅参考书
2．combine theory with practice使理论与实践相结合
3．roast a leg of mutton烤一只羊腿
4．benefit from daily exercises得益于每天做操
5．digest everything in the book领会书中的一切
6．limit the expense to 1，000 dollars把开支限制到1 000美元
7．fry the vegetables gently in oil将蔬菜在油中略炒一下
8．have a very slim figure身材苗条
9．talk in signs用手势说
10．pay off your debt付清你的欠债
11．look at sb with an angry glare对某人怒目而视
12．one of our biggest customers我们最大的客户之一
13．a little white lie善意的小谎言
14．a specialist in diet饮食专家
拓展词汇
请填入括号内单词的正确形式
1．Friedman points out that the green economy (经济) is a chance to keep American strength(strong)．(2018·浙江6月卷)
2．To keep healthy, you should keep a balanced (balance) diet.
3．An air hostess (host) always smiles when she serves the passengers.
4．We can’t always combine work with pleasure, and sometimes the combination(combine) is hard to get.
5．This new railway benefits this area in many ways.It is beneficial(benefit) to the people living in this area.
6．We had to limit our spending, and the limited(limit) cost helped us go through the hard times.
7．As we all know, no one is perfect, and everyone has his own weakness (weak)．
8．Children are always curious about everything they see and hear.They will ask all kinds of questions curiously．To meet their curiosity,__we’d better answer them.(curious)
必会短语
请根据汉语提示完成下列词块
1．lose__weight体重减轻；减肥
2．put__on__weight增加体重
3．before__long 不久以后
4．earn__one’s__living by fishing靠捕鱼谋生
5．get__away__with__telling__lies/a__lie说谎不受惩罚
6．win__back public confidence重新获得公众的信任
7．spy__on each other互相监视
8．cut__down on sugar to lose weight少吃糖以减轻体重
9．glare__at wild animals’ eyes盯着野生动物的眼睛看
10．be heavily in__debt负债累累
必仿佳句
1.[原句] “Nothing could be better，” he thought.

2．[原句] He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!

3．[原句] According to my research, neither your restaurant nor mine offers a balanced diet.




1．[仿写] 就我个人而言，努力学习最重要。
As far as I’m concerned, nothing__is__more__important__than__hard__study．
2．[仿写] 我不允许你用粗鲁的方式跟你的妈妈说话。你必须立刻向她道歉。
I can’t__have__you__speaking__to__your__mother in a rude manner.You must apologize to her immediately.
3．[仿写] 我们的学校位于美丽的天津市，在秋天它既不太热也不太冷。
Our school lies in Tianjin City, which is beautiful.In autumn, it is neither__too__hot__nor__too__cold.

1.balance n．天平；平衡；余额 v．平衡；权衡
(1)keep/lose/break one’s balance保持/失去/打破 平衡
(2)balance A against B 权衡/比较A和B
(3)balanced adj. 平衡的；(比例)协调的
单句语法填空/完成句子
①You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside against the disadvantages.
②You must learn__to__keep__your__balance (学会保持平衡) in skating, which is of great importance.
[佳句背诵] When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his balance and had a bad fall.
当这个男孩追赶他哥哥的时候，他失去了平衡，狠狠地摔了一跤。
[图形助记]

2.lie v．说谎(lied，lied，lying)；躺，位于(lay，lain，lying) n．谎言
(1)tell a lie＝tell lies　　　　撒谎；说谎话
a white lie 善意的谎言
(2)lie to sb 对某人撒谎
(3)lie in 位于；在于
单句语法填空/句型转换
①The other day Mark lied to his teacher that he lay on the bed for a whole day.(lie)
②The value of life lies in the dedication(奉献) but not in what we get.
③Don’t lie to me.Please tell me the truth.
→Don’t tell__lies/a__lie__to__me．Please tell me the truth.(lie n．)
[名师指津] lay vt.放置；下蛋 (laid, laid, laying)
3.consult vt.& vi.请教；向……咨询；与人商量；查阅
(1)consult sb　　　　　　向某人请教或咨询
consult with sb about sth 就……与某人商量
consult a dictionary/map 查字典/地图
(2)consultant n. 咨询者；顾问
单句语法填空/句型转换
①I have a successful career as an educational consultant(consult)．
②Please don’t refer to the dictionary every time you meet a new word.
→Please don’t consult__the__dictionary every time you meet a new word.
[佳句背诵] You shouldn’t have done it without consulting with me.
你不该不和我商量就做这件事。
[图形助记]

4.limit n．界限；限度 vt.限制；限定
(1)limit...to...　　　　把……限制在……内
(2)there is a/no limit to 对……是有限的/无限的
(3)limited adj. 有限的
be limited to sth 受限制于……
(4)limitless adj. 无限的
单句语法填空/完成句子
①We must limit the expenses to what we can afford.
②There__is__a__limit__to__one’s__life(一个人的生命是有限的), but (there is) no limit to serving the people.
[佳句背诵] A man’s life is limited, but there is no limit to serving the people.I will devote my limited life to the limitless job of serving the people.
一个人的生命是有限的，但是，为人民服务是无限的。我要把有限的生命投入到无限的为人民服务中去。
5.benefit vt.& vi.有益于；有助于；受益 n．利益；好处
(1)benefit sb 　　　　对某人有益
benefit from... 从……中受益；得益于……
(2)be of (great) benefit to...＝be (very) beneficial to... 对……(非常)有益处
(3)beneficial adj. 有益的；有利的
单句语法填空/句型转换
①Senior citizens can benefit from having a pet to keep them company.
②As everyone knows, sports are beneficial(benefit) to building our bodies.
③The new regulation will benefit everyone concerned.
→Everyone concerned will benefit__from__the__new__regulation．(benefit vi.)
→The new regulation will be__of__benefit__to__everyone__concerned．(benefit n．)
→The new regulation will be__beneficial__to__everyone__concerned．(beneficial)
6.strength n．[C]长处；强项 [U]力量；体力
(1)strengths and weaknesses　　优点和缺点
(2)strengthen vt.& vi. 加强；巩固
单句语法填空
One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen(strength) new memories.
[佳句背诵] It’s important to know your own strengths and weaknesses.
了解自己的优缺点很重要。
[名师指津] strength 意为“力气，力量” 时是不可数名词；意为“长处，优势”时是可数名词。
7.combine vt.& vi.(使)联合；(使)结合
(1)combine...with/and... 把……与……结合起来
combine to do sth 联合起来做某事
(2)combination n. 结合；联合；组合；
联合体；结合物
单句语法填空/完成句子
①It was several factors that combined to__harm (harm) our friendship.
②If he can combine__his__ability__with__hard__work(把自己的才能和勤奋结合起来), he should be very successful.
8.get away with被放过；(做坏事)不受惩罚；携某物潜逃
get away　　　　离开，脱身
get away from 从……脱离；逃脱
单句语法填空/完成句子
①The policeman can’t have the thief get away with stealing people’s money.
②The child ought to be punished.You shouldn’t let him get__away__with__cheating__in__the__exam (考试作弊而不受处罚)!
9.in debt欠债；欠款
be heavily/deeply in debt　　债台高筑
be/get out of debt 还清债务
get into debt 欠债
单句语法填空/完成句子
①It’s much easier to get into debt than to get out of debt.
②I am__heavily__in__debt at the moment, but hope to be__out__of__debt when I get paid.
现在我欠债很多，但希望发工资后能付清。
10.cut down削减；减少；删节；删减；砍倒；降低；杀死；夺去……的生命
[一词多义] 写出下列句子中cut down的含义
①My uncle hasn’t been able to quit smoking, but at least he has cut down.减少；削减
②This article is too long, and you have to cut it down to 1，000 words.删减
③Immediate action should be taken, like stopping cutting down trees, to better the environment.砍倒
④Hunger, cold and illness cut down many of the villagers.杀死；夺去……的生命
11.“Nothing__could__be__better，” he thought.
他想：“再没有比这更好吃的了。”
“否定词＋比较级”结构表示最高级含义，通常意为“没有比……更……，没有像……一样……”。
(1)never/not/no＋比较级
(2)nothing (或no等)＋so＋原级＋as...
nothing (或no等)＋比较级＋than...
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Your story is perfect; I’ve never heard a better(good) one before.
②Nothing__is__more__valuable__than__time,__but nothing is less valued than time.没有比时间更贵重的东西，但也没有比时间更容易被忽视的东西。
[佳句背诵] Remember, no one is better than you and no one is smarter than you.
记住：没人比你更出色，没人比你更聪明。
12.He couldn’t__have__Yong__Hui__getting away with telling people lies.
他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们后跑掉。
(1)have sb/sth doing sth意为“允许/容忍某人/物做某事”时，常用于否定句中；意为“让某人/物一直做某事”时，强调动作的持续性，常用于肯定句中。
(2)have的其他句式：
·have sb do sth让某人做某事
·have sth done让别人做某事；完成某事；遭遇不幸的事
·have sth to do有某事要做 (主语自己做)
单句语法填空/完成句子
①When he was riding a bike in the street, he had his arm injured (injure)．
②I can’t go to watch the football match with you tonight because I have an important meeting to__attend (attend)．
③It is not a good idea to__have__the__machine__running/working (让机器一直运转) all the time.
[佳句背诵] He won’t have his daughter arriving home late.
他不容许女儿晚回家。

Ⅰ.阅读——教材VS高考之一
My uncle helps people to stay strong and healthy at a fitness centre by ①combining physical training with a healthy lifestyle.He always negotiates with the trainees before designing their training programs.Usually the amount of exercise for each trainee per day is ②limited to an hour or so.Exercising immediately after meals is forbidden as people need to allow their food to ③digest.He also recommends every trainee attach importance to ④balancing work and life.He says eating proper foods and avoiding unhealthy habits are supposed to ⑤benefit us a lot.
1．写出黑体词汇在语境中的词性和词义
①vt.使结合　　　②adj.有限制的
③vi.消化 ④vt.平衡
⑤vt.有益于；对……有益
2．Which of the following can replace the underlined “negotiates”？
A．diets B．lies
C．balances D．consults
答案　D
Ⅱ.完形——教材VS高考之二
To have a slim figure, Betty limits her diet to fruits, nuts and vegetables.She has abandoned her favorite bacon, __1__ chicken and roasted mutton.She is getting skinny but she lacks __2__．So yesterday she consulted her doctor for advice, who suggested she have a __3__ diet.The diet should contain proper amounts of fat, fibre, proteins and calories.He also advised her to __4__ her diet with physical activities, which would be of great benefit to her health.Eventually, Betty realized that to exercise each day is the best way to __5__．
1．A.limited B．fried C．poisonous D．raw
2．A.strength B．muscle
C．ingredient D．flavour
3．A.slim B．sugary
C．combined D．balanced
4．A.barbecue B．digest
C．combine D．spy
5．A.put on weight B．lose weight
C．tell lies D．earn her living
答案　1.B　2.A　3.D　4.C　5.B
Ⅲ.语法填空——教材VS高考之三
What is a balanced diet? One with vegetables and fruits? Or one with 1.roasted(roast) mutton and fried fish? Everyone will put 2.on weight if they just choose the latter.In fact, we all ought to have a balanced diet 3.to__stay(stay) slim.Out of curiosity, I consulted a hostess about 4.losing(lose) weight.She said all food has its 5.weaknesses(weakness) and strengths.We shouldn’t limit us to the only one diet, which won’t be 6.beneficial(benefit) to you forever.Combine all food easy to digest and cut down the food rich in fat.Don’t sigh.You will be much 7.slimmer(slim) before long.After all, health is the most important because you must earn 8.your(you) living.
Ⅳ.写作——教材VS高考之四
一、细读本单元Reading部分，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
【参考范文】
Wang Peng felt very unhappy in his empty restaurant that served too much fat all the morning.(要点1)This was because his customers went to a newly－opened slimming restaurant which only provided raw vegetables，fruit and water.(要点2)What amazed him was that he found the food there cost more than that in his own restaurant.(要点3)After doing some research，he wrote his own sign to attract his customers back to his restaurant.(要点4)
二、假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Abby向你征求保持健康的建议，请根据下面要点给他写一封回信。
1．健康平衡的饮食；
2.良好的生活习惯；
3．充足的睡眠。
注意：1.词数不少于60；
2．至少使用5个所提示的关键词语。
提示词：keep fit, balanced diet, fat, put on weight, cut down, living habits, benefit, rest, helpful
【参考范文】
Dear Abby，
I am delighted to have heard from you.Now I’d like to give you some tips to keep fit.
First of all, you need a healthy and balanced diet.Don’t eat the foods containing too much sugar and fat, which will make you put on weight easily.Therefore, you should cut down the amount of them.It is also very important to form good living habits; at the same time, for the benefit of your health, it is necessary to have enough rest.
I do hope my tips will be helpful to you.
Yours，
Li Hua

Ⅰ.完形填空
(2019·长兴中学模拟)On my way back home I was stopped at traffic lights by some people who asked for help.A woman—in her attempt to give __1__ to an ambulance—had driven her car over stony obstacles that separated the bike line from the street, and, as a result, had gotten her car __2__．She couldn’t move the car in any __3__ without damaging it.A couple of people tried to __4__ the car back but the obstacles were too high.Seeing that they couldn’t do much about it, they left.The woman in the car tried to __5__ some service, and was told that it would take about 45 minutes for someone to get there.
While watching the other people __6__．I realized the woman would be on her own and I imagined how __7__ that would be if I were in her shoes.After some talking, she __8__ me to sit inside her car.
I wasn’t in a hurry, so I __9__ my family that I would be later and then tried to __10__ the woman who seemed to feel stressed about causing others __11__．But actually it wasn’t too much trouble __12__ they could still pass, and also there wasn’t anything she could do about it __13__．We laughed and __14__ that all we needed was some tea for our picnic.
Finally __15__ came and helped her back on the street.She __16__ me and asked for my phone number so she could return the __17__， but I told her it was okay.She seemed to feel much __18__ when we said our goodbyes.I believe that not having to face a difficult situation __19__ can make a lot of __20__．
【语篇解读】　该文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者安慰并帮助一位在马路上因为给救护车让行而陷入困境的女士的故事。
1．A.signal B．way
C．time D．help
答案　B　[一位女士试图给一辆救护车让行。give way to...“让行”，为固定搭配。故选B。]
2．A.stuck B．broken
C．dirty D．abandoned
答案　A　[根据下文“She couldn’t move the car”可推知，因为给救护车让行，这位女士的车卡(stuck)在那里不能动弹。]
3．A.sense B．minute
C．direction D．line
答案　C　[在不损坏车的情况下，无论往哪个方向(direction)都无法移动。]
4．A.lift B．hold
C．pull D．drive
答案　A　[根据上文“She couldn’t move the car”以及下文“but the obstacles were too high”可推知，车子卡在那里，障碍物太高，不能被抬(lift)回来。]
5．A.offer B．seek
C．refuse D．take
答案　B　[那位女士在车里试图寻求(seek)一些服务。]
6．A.shout B．discuss
C．stand D．leave
答案　D　[根据上文中的“Seeing that they couldn’t do much about it，they left”可知，当时其他人因为帮不了什么忙，都走开(leave)了。]
7．A.amazing B．pleasant
C．uneasy D．incredible
答案　C　[根据上文可知，那位女士的车被卡在障碍物上，其他人又帮不上忙，作者将心比心，觉得此情此景，那位女士一定不舒服(uneasy)，与下文“the woman who seemed to feel stressed about causing others __11__”呼应。]
8．A.forced B．invited
C．ordered D．allowed
答案　B　[根据语境可推知，那位女士邀请(invited)作者坐进她的车里。]
9．A.consulted B．warned
C．advised D．informed
答案　D　[根据语境及下文“I would be later”可推知，作者是知会(informed)家人一些情况。]
10．A.persuade B．comfort
C．frighten D．satisfy
答案　B　[根据空后的“the woman who seemed to feel stressed about causing others __11__”可推知，那位女士似乎感到焦虑不安，作者试图宽慰(comfort)她，这与下文“We laughed and __14__ that all we needed was some tea for our picnic”呼应。]
11．A.trouble B．disbelief
C．anxiety D．embarrassment
答案　A　[根据下文中的“But actually it wasn’t too much trouble __12__ they could still pass”可推知，那位女士认为给他人带来麻烦(trouble)而感到焦虑不安。]
12．A.though B．until
C．since D．unless
答案　C　[根据语境可推知，此处前后内容表示逻辑上的因果关系。故since“因为”符合语境。]
13．A.anyway B．therefore
C．still D．somehow
答案　A　[根据上文“She couldn’t move the car in any __3__ without damaging it”可推知，无论如何(anyway)，那位女士对当时那种情况也是无能为力的。]
14．A.remembered B．realized
C．thought D．joked
答案　D　[由空前的“We laughed”可推知，作者和那位女士当时都笑了，并且开着玩笑(joked)。]
15．A.news B．my partner
C．assistance D．an ambulance
答案　C　[根据空后的“helped her back on the street”可推知，最终援助(assistance)到了，帮那位女士回到了路上。]
16．A.greeted B．thanked
C．accepted D．attracted
答案　B　[根据语境可知，作者去安慰那位受困的女士，那位女士在最终解困后应是感谢(thanked)作者。]
17．A.car B．company
C．favor D．picnic
答案　C　[根据语境可推知，那位女士想要作者的电话号码，以回报作者的帮助(favor)。]
18．A.nervous B．unwilling
C．disappointed D．better
答案　D　[根据语境可知，那位女士从困境中解脱出来，感觉比之前好了许多。故D项符合语境。]
19．A.alone B．bravely
C．bitterly D．directly
答案　A　[根据上文可知，由于作者的帮助和安慰，那位女士最终心情变得好了许多，由此可推知，她当时不是独自(alone)面对困境。]
20．A.decision B．fortune
C．choice D．difference
答案　D　[作者认为不用独自面对困境可以产生很大影响(difference)。]
Ⅱ.语法填空
The Forbidden City, 1.________(locate) at the exact center of Beijing, is a place full of wonders.
But more than 600 years after it was built, it’s still managing 2.________(serve) up surprises because the Forbidden City has survived more than 200 earthquakes.
Most structures aren’t made to survive 3.________(nature) disasters, let alone those built hundreds of years ago.
To show 4.________ strong ancient Chinese buildings really are, a television documentary by British broadcaster Channel 4 explored the skills of the ancient building’s designers.A group of Chinese carpenters and 5.________ (engineer) were shown building a scale model of one of the Forbidden City’s palaces at one fifth of the size.
The model 6.________(put) to the test.It was subjected to a simulated earthquake of 9.5 on the Richter scale. Instead of falling apart, the model was just moved 7.________(gentle) during the test.
According to experts, the answer to the Forbidden City’s strength, lies in dougong—8.________ old building method invented in China.
In spite of being held together 9.________ any nails or glue，dougong is perfect at 10.________(keep) structures together.So as China’s most popular tourist destination, perhaps the Forbidden City should add one more thing to its list of attractions：earthquake shelter.
【语篇解读】　本文介绍了紫禁城的位置、历史、建筑抗震强以及抗震强的原因。
1．located　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处充当定语，省略了which is；be located at表示“位于”。]
2．to serve　[考查非谓语动词。manage后面用动词不定式作宾语，故用to serve。]
3．natural　[考查形容词。空处充当定语，修饰disasters，说明被修饰词的性质，表示“自然的”，故用形容词形式natural。]
4．how　[考查副词。为了表明中国古代的建筑是多么的结实，英国第四频道电视台的一个电视纪录片探索了古代中国建筑设计师们的技艺。how表示“多么”，修饰形容词strong。]
5．engineers　[考查名词的单复数。and连接并列结构，前后保持一致，前面用名词复数carpenters，故空处也应该用名词engineer的复数形式。]
6．was put　[考查动词的时态和语态。该句意为：这个模型被投入到试验中。根据上下文可知，动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时，又因为主语The model与谓语动词put构成被动关系，故用was put。]
7．gently　[考查词性转换。空处修饰动词moved，故用其副词形式gently。]
8．an　[考查冠词。method是可数名词，这里表示泛指一种，故用不定冠词，又因为空后是发音以元音音素开头的old，故用an。]
9．without　[考查介词。根据上下文可知，用dougong这种技术建造房子不用钉子和胶水，故用without。]
10．keeping　[考查动名词。keep充当介词at的宾语，故用其动名词形式。]
Ⅲ.应用文写作
假如你是李华，你所在城市的一个咖啡屋开展 “以书换咖啡”活动，请你给你的好朋友David写一封邮件，邀请他这周末一起参加。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【参考范文】
Dear David，
How are you these days? I’m writing to tell you something about an activity named Exchange Your Books for Coffee，which is held by a coffee house.
In the coffee house，people can take a book which they have read and exchange it for a cup of coffee.This activity is thought highly of by people because they can not only drink delicious coffee，but also share books with others instead of throwing them away.
Would you like to go to the coffee house with me this weekend? If so，please take a book with you.
Yours，
Li Hua
Ⅳ.概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
(2019·宁波十校联考)Some experts argue the fact that almost one in four teens is constantly online is a dangerous thing，yet I believe that it’s an opportunity.Technology brings us closer together and can help us in everyday life rather than replacing friends with screens.
First，I believe that technology takes the embarrassment out of face－to－face contact，as talking to someone may make you uncomfortable.You could not say what is on your mind.A much simpler way of communicating is through texts.By texting a person，there is no resistance(抵抗) to what you are trying to say.You are able to revise your words before you send them，hopefully not saying something you will later regret or that could hurt someone’s feelings.Apart from making friends face to face，there are other ways of interaction using technology.Technology can help bond people together by showing similar interests.
Second，technology can help friends and family keep in touch.When moments together are not within reach，the next best thing is to use technology to catch up on each other’s life and share precious moments through videos and calls.The ability to play back a memory on a screen is amazing，something that can be cherished and kept forever.
Some may argue technology is the problem in the world，but I do not.I believe that technology helps you escape the evil and pressure in the world and has the ability to let you create your own world where what others say or think doesn’t matter.After a stressful time，technology is there to help you communicate and remind you what you should be grateful for，or just make your day a little better.
In conclusion，I believe that not only is technology not replacing friends with screens but it’s actually brining us closer together and establishing relationships among teens.Overall，I believe this topic makes the world a better place by making it easier to create friends，and make otherwise lost friends keep in touch.
【文章大意】
Paragraph 1：尽管一些专家认为将近四分之一的青少年经常上网是一件令人担忧的事情，但我认为它是一个机会，科技能使我们更加亲近彼此，有助于我们的日常生活。
Paragraph 2：科技可以帮助人们避免面对面交流时会遇到的尴尬，因为与他人交流可能会使人们感到不自在。
Paragraph 3：科技可以帮助朋友和家人保持联系，使人们了解彼此的生活，通过视频和电话分享生活中的珍贵时刻，珍藏美好回忆。
Paragraph 4：科技能帮助人们避开不好的事情和压力，让人们创造属于自己的世界，帮助人们进行交流，提醒人们懂得感恩。
Paragraph 5：总之，科技不仅不会用屏幕来取代朋友，而且能拉近人和人之间的距离，帮助青少年建立友谊，挽回失去的朋友，以让世界变得更美好。
【参考范文】
Despite some people’s worry about technology，I consider it a chance，enhancing relationships and contributing to daily life.(要点1) Technology protects people from the embarrassment they may experience in face－to－face communication and enables them to socialize，share great life moments and save valuable memories.(要点2) It helps people avoid pressure and bad things，improves their communication skills and reminds them to be grateful.(要点3) In short，technology can promote people’s relationship and enrich their life instead of ruining friendships.(要点4)