还剩13页未读，
继续阅读
2020版高考英语新设计一轮复习外研全国版讲义：必修5Module5TheGreatSportsPersonality
展开
(一)课前自主学习
Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意
1．rugby n． 橄榄球
2．bat n. 球拍；球棒
3．club n. 高尔夫球棒
4．net n. 网
5．ring n. 拳击台
6．tracksuit n. 运动服
7．trainer n. 运动鞋；教练员
8．brand n. 商标；牌子
9．sportswear n. 运动服装；休闲服装
10．logo n. (公司或组织的)标识；标志
11．slogan n. 标语
12．marathon n. 马拉松
13．ministry n. (政府的)部
14．final n. 决赛
15．borough n. (自治)区
Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形
1．stadium n. 体育场，运动场
2．track n. 跑道
3．background n. 背景
4．guarantee vt. 保证
5．purchase vt. 购买
6．symbol n. 符号
7．score vi.& vt. 得分
8．quality n. 特性；品德；品性
9．victory n. 胜利
10．tough adj. 费力的；棘手的；困难的
11．dramatically adv. 戏剧性地
12．protest vi. 抗议
13．ultimate adj. 最后的
Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变
1．athletics n．田径运动→athlete n．运动员→athletic adj.体育的，运动的
2．retire vi.退休→retirement n．退休→retired adj.退休的
3．perform vi.表现→performer n．演出者；表演者→performance n．表现；表演[纵联1]
4．advantage n．优势；长处→disadvantage n．劣势；弱点[纵联2]
5．designer n．设计师→design vt.& n．设计；构思
6．gymnast n．体操运动员→gym/gymnasium n．体育馆→gymnastics n．体操，体操训练
7．specific adj.具体的；特定的→specifically adv.明确地；准确地[纵联3]
8．champion n．冠军→championship n．冠军地位；锦标赛
9．declare vt.宣布→declaration n．宣言；声明
10．competitor n．竞争者；对手→compete v．竞赛；竞争→competition n．竞赛；比赛→competitive adj.竞争的[纵联4]
纵联1.per开头单词常用到
①perform vi.表现 ②permanent adj.永久的
③personal adj.个人的 ④personnel n．职员
⑤perfect adj.完美的 ⑥permit vt.允许
⑦persuade vt.说服 ⑧percentage n．百分比
纵联2.“优缺点”都想到
①advantage优势；长处 disadvantage劣势；弱点
②strength优势 weakness劣势
③virtue优点 shortcoming缺点
纵联3.以ic结尾的形容词一览
①specific具体的；特定的 ②academic学术的
③alcoholic含酒精的 ④allergic过敏的
⑤basic基本的；基础的 ⑥electronic电子的
⑦energetic精力充沛的 ⑧enthusiastic热心的
⑨optimistic乐观的 ⑩scientific科学的
纵联4.盘点后缀or表示人的名词
①competitor竞争者 ②inventor发明者
③conductor售票员 ④translator翻译家
⑤editor编辑 ⑥operator操作员
⑦director导演 ⑧educator 教育者
⑨sailor水手 ⑩governor政府官员
单元话题——体育精神
子话题1 体育相关人员
①goalkeeper n．守门员 ②coach n．教练
③captain n．队长 ④referee n．裁判
⑤cheerleader n．拉拉队队员 ⑥professional n．职业运动员
子话题2 运动项目
①sprint n．短跑 ②weightlifting n．举重
③boxing n．拳击(运动) ④relay n．接力
⑤shooting n．射击 ⑥field events田赛
⑦track events径赛 ⑧baseball n．棒球
⑨diving n．跳水 ⑩gymnastics n．体操
子话题3 体育器材及设施
①court n．球场 ②surfboard n．冲浪板
③swimming pool游泳池 ④diving platform跳台
⑤helmet n．头盔 ⑥net n．网
⑦starting/finishing line起点/终点线
子话题4 比赛
①event n. 赛事
②tournament n. 锦标赛；联赛
③defeat/beat vt. 击败；战胜
④glory n. 巨大的光荣；荣誉
⑤a close game 一场势均力敌的比赛
⑥medal n. 奖牌
⑦set a new world record 创造新的世界纪录
⑧break the record 打破纪录
[学考对接·活学活用]
高考采撷(一) 阅读中的词汇应用
1．(2012·天津高考阅读表达) Born in 1949, Diana Nyad took an early interest in swimming as a sport and was a Florida State High School swimming champion❶.Like many young athletes❷， she had Olympic dreams, but a serious illness kept her from ❸ (competitor) in the Games.
①写出champion在句中的含义：冠军
②写出athletes在本单元的同根名词：athletics
③用competitor的正确形式填空：competing
2．(2011·江西高考阅读表达) What are the benefits of this state of affairs? One obvious advantage❶ to the profession is the addition of money provided by television companies.Large football clubs❷ benefit financially from TV income and the top players can command very large salaries.Less popular sports also receive money that can be used in ❸ (train) and awarenessraising.
①写出advantage的反义词：disadvantage
②写出clubs在句中的含义：俱乐部
③用train的正确形式填空：training
高考采撷(二) 写作中的词汇应用
(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)我们学校有一个大的体操馆和拥有现代设备的操场，例如草坪足球场地、塑胶跑道。(gymnasium, track)
Our_school_has_a_big_gymnasium_and_playground_with_modern_facilities,_such_as_a_lawn_football_field,_plastic_tracks.
2．(2018·天津高考书面表达)除了常规训练外，训练计划还包括参加各种活动，诸如参加一些国家级的比赛。(train, competition)
The_training_schedule,_apart_from_regular_training,_includes_joining_in_a_variety_of_activities,_such_as_participating_in_some_national_competitions.
3．(2018·江苏高考书面表达)无论买什么我都倾向于查阅一下消费排名。首先，消费排名比较高就意味着产品质量比较高，或者服务比较好。(purchase, quality)
I_tend_to_consult_consumption_ratings_whatever_I_purchase.Firstly,_the_higher_rating_means_the_higher_quality_of_the_product,_or_better_service.
(二)课堂重点释疑
1．perform v．表现；履行，执行；表演；运转
[记牢]
(1)perform one's duty/promise
尽某人的责任/履行某人的承诺
perform an experiment/operation 做实验/手术
(2)performance n. 表演，演出；表现；执行，履行
put on/give a performance 表演
performer n. 执行者，表演者，演奏者，能手
[练通]
单句语法填空
①(2015·浙江高考) Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it being_performed (perform) live is quite another.
②My classmates and I have decided to organize some wonderful singing and dancing performances (perform) for them, which will last about 3 hours.
补全句子
③The doctor will set out to_perform_the_operation,_so please keep calm.
医生就要开始做手术了，因此请保持镇静。
[写美] 翻译句子
④(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)另外，会有著名的艺术家现场表演如何制作剪纸。
In_addition,_there_are_famous_artists_who_will_perform_how_to_cut_paper_on_the_spot.
2．advantage n．优势；优点；长处；有利条件
[记牢]
(1)take (full) advantage of 对……加以(充分)利用
gain/win/have an advantage over ...
比……有优势；胜过，优于
(2)to one's advantage＝to the advantage of sb.
对某人有利
have the advantage of (doing) sth.
有(做)……的有利条件
(3)disadvantage n. 劣势；弱点；不利条件
[练通]
单句语法填空
①Men usually have an advantage over women when hunting for jobs.
②It might be to your advantage to take a computer course of some kind.
单句改错
③Parents should actively urge their children to take the advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams.去掉第一个the
[写美] 补全句子
④(2018·江苏高考书面表达)消费排名的优点和缺点经常是密切相关的。
The advantages_and_disadvantages of consumption ratings are often closely related.
3．guarantee vt.保证；担保；为……作担保；使……必然发生 n．保证(书)；担保(物)；抵押品；保修单
[记牢]
(1)guarantee to do sth. 保证做某事
保证某人得到某物
be guaranteed to do sth. 肯定会做某事
(2)give sb.a guarantee 给某人保证/承诺
under guarantee 在保修期内
[练通]
单句语法填空
①We guarantee to_deliver (deliver) your goods within a week.
②The manufacturer gives us guarantee that the iPad is_guaranteed (guarantee) for a year.
单句改错
③Your watch will be repaired free if it's still under the guarantee.去掉the
[写美] 补全句子
④你能向我保证这项工作按时完成吗？
Can you give_me_a_guarantee that the work will be finished on time?
4．declare vt.宣布；宣称；宣告；声明
[记牢]
declare war on/against 向……宣战
declare for/against 表示赞成/反对
declare sb.to be ... 宣布某人为……
declare ...open/closed 宣布……开始/结束
declare that ... 宣称……
[练通] 单句语法填空
①Police have now declared war on/against drug dealers in the area.
②When they asked him for his opinion, he declared strongly against the policy, which made them unhappy.
③When the meeting was declared closed (close), all the people present got up and left.
[写美] 补全句子
④当老师宣布我是这次英语演讲比赛的得胜者时，我又惊又喜。
When the teacher declared_me_to_be_the_winner_of_the_English_Speech_Contest,_I was surprised and pleased.
[词汇过关综合训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．(2016·浙江高考) In this article, you need to back up general statements with specific (具体的) examples.
2．Take this opportunity, and I guarantee (保证) that you won't regret it.
3．He only managed a narrow victory (胜利) in the election.He won by 20 votes.
4．The test was extremely difficult, and no one scored (得分) more than 90 points.
5．The computer purchased (购买) last week went wrong again.
6．The lion is considered the king of the forest as it is a symbol (标志) of courage and power.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ) It is worth mentioning that our volleyball team won the championship (champion) twice in national middle school volleyball matches.
2．(2016·10月浙江高考) Magically, that show remains the Great Jason's best performance (perform) to this day.
3．The data show that the output has increased dramatically (dramatic)．
4．I hope I will work in a computer company as a program designer (design)．
5．One of the disadvantages (advantage) of the solar car is too expensive for common people.
6．After months' training, they decided to take on the toughest (tough) team in the league.
7．Having_retired (retire) from his business, he now occupied himself with the welfare and disabled.
8．You have to answer every question as specifically (specific) as possible when the police come.
9．Now, even cars can be_purchased (purchase) on the Internet with just a few clicks of a mouse.
10．The judges had different ideas about the results, so it was two hours before the results were_declared (declare)．
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．Sorry, I am late but I give you guarantee that such things won't happen again.you后加a
2．Hearing the meeting declaring open, all the representatives applauded for a long time.declaring→declared
3．Shortly after the accident, two scores of police were sent there to keep order.scores→score
4．We had to recognize that they had many advantages to us in some aspects.第二个to→over
5．Thousands of people walked on the street, protested against the new law.protested→protesting或protested前加and
Ⅳ.根据提示补全句子
1．我们能够与来自其他大学的学生进行辩论赛和演讲赛。(compete)
We can compete_with_students_from_other_universities in debate contests or speech contests.
2．对足球明星来说，最得意的时刻是踢进制胜球的时候。(score)
The best moment for the football star was when he scored_the_winning_goal.
3．你应该利用这次好机会练习你的英语口语。(advantage)
You should take_advantage_of_the_good_chance to practise your oral English.
4．手机在保修期内的非人为损坏将免费维修。(guarantee)
The cellphone will be repaired free of charge when it_is_under_guarantee without human damage.
5．这种洗衣机质量上乘，因此在全国销量很好。(quality)
This kind of washing machine is of_high_quality so that it sells well all over the country.
(一)课前自主学习
1．as_well_as 和；也
2．make_a_list_of 列出；拟订一份名单
3．be_made_up_of 由……组成
4．on_the_increase 正在增加
5．have_an_advantage_over 比……占优势
6．vote_for [串记1] 投票选举
7．after_all 毕竟；终归
8．of_all_time 有史以来
9．be_up_to_sb. 由某人决定
10．rise_to_one's_feet 站起身
11．every_ten_seconds [串记2] 每十秒钟
12．compete_with/against [串记3] 与……竞争
[同根短语串记]
串记1.“v.＋for”短语荟萃
①vote for投票选举 ②go for试图获得
③care for关心；喜欢 ④seek for寻找；追求
⑤long for渴望；向往 ⑥make for走向；有助于
⑦call for要求；需要 ⑧stand for代表；支持
串记2.every表示“每隔”短语荟萃
every ten seconds 每十秒钟
每隔一天
串记3.compete短语小结
①compete with/against 与……竞争
②compete for 为……而竞争
③compete in 参加……比赛；在……方面竞争
④compete to do sth. 竞争做某事
1．together with 和……一起
2．sense of failure 失败感
3．come onto the market 上市
4．the number of ……的数量
5．pick sb.up 把某人扶起来；用车接某人
6．make money 挣钱
7．according to 根据
8．the finishing line 终点线
1．But even_though he had won everything it was possible to win in his sport, Li Ning retired with the feeling that he had failed.
但即使他已经赢得了自己在体操运动项目上所能赢得的一切，李宁还是带着一种失败的感觉退了役。
2．But it_was_this_sense_of_failure_that made him determined to succeed in his new life.
但就是这种失败感使他决心在新的生活中取得成功。
3．If you go into a school or university anywhere, the_chances_are you will see students in Li Ning tracksuits with the familiar logo.
如果你走进任何一个地方的中学或大学校园，都有可能看到身穿印有那个熟悉标志的李宁运动服的学生们。
[学考对接·活学活用]
高考采撷(一) 完形中的短语和句式(补全句子)
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ完形填空) I jumped at the idea of taking the class because, after_all (毕竟), who doesn't want to save a few dollars?
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ完形填空) That was the name students voted_for (投票选举) after deciding that “Room 104” was too dull.
3．(2015·广东高考完形填空) Even_though_we_can't_live_forever (尽管我们不能长生不老), we are living a longer life than ever before.
高考采撷(二)写作中的短语(补全句子/词汇升级)
1．(2011·湖南高考写作)这幅画令我们深思：我们的社会是由许多不同个性、不同性格的人组成的。
The picture sets us thinking deeply: our society is_made_up_of_many_people who have different personalities and characters.
2．(2018·浙江高考写作) And I treasure this as a good chance to broaden my perspective and improve my spoken English.(用本单元短语替换加黑部分)as_well_as
3．(2014·江苏高考书面表达) As the number of English learners is increasing, it's not difficult for them to understand these words in Chinese contexts.(用本单元短语替换加黑部分)on_the_increase
(二)课堂重点释疑
[短语集释]
1．on the increase正在增加/长，在增大
[记牢]
(1)on the decrease/decline 在减少；在衰退
on the rise 在上涨，在增长
(2)increase by ... 增加了……
increase to ... 增加到……
[练通]
单句语法填空
①The total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 2000 and 2018.
②The number of teaching staff members in this school has increased to 700.
单句改错
③The number of students going abroad for further study is on decrease nowadays.decrease前加the
[用准] increase by “增加了”，后跟分数或百分数；increase to “增加到”，后跟具体的数字。
[写美] 词汇升级
④The number of people who study Chinese has been rising in the past few years.
→The number of people who study Chinese has been on_the_increase/rise in the past few years.
2．rise to one's feet站起身
[记牢]
jump/leap to one's feet 跳起来
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
stand on one's own feet 自立，经济上独立
set foot on/in 进入，踏上
[练通]
单句语法填空
①(2016·10月浙江高考) Jane jumped to her feet, waving her handmade flag and crying for help.
②Now that you have grown up, you must learn to stand on your own feet.
单句改错
③The moment he set feet on his motherland, he became excited.feet→foot
补全句子
④I found an old man fell into a pool, but quickly he struggled_to_his_feet.
我发现一位老人倒在池塘里，但很快就挣扎着站了起来。
[写美] 词汇升级
⑤At the end of the concert, the audience stood up to applaud and cheer.
→At the end of the concert, the audience rose_to_their_feet to applaud and cheer.
[句式集释]
(the) chances are (that) ...很可能……
[教材原句] If you go into a school or university anywhere, the_chances_are you will see students in Li Ning tracksuits with the familiar logo.
[悟拓展例句]
(1)My application has been approved, and the_chances_are_that I will leave the company next month.
＝My application has been approved, and there_is_a_chance_that I will leave the company next month.
我的申请已经被批准了，我很可能下个月离开公司。
(2)There_is_no_chance_of doing business if you insist on that offer.
如果你们坚持那个报价，就不可能做成生意。
(3)(2016·四川高考) Chinese scientists recently had_a_chance_to_study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.
中国的科学家最近有机会研究带着新生宝宝的野生雌性大熊猫。
[析用法规则]
用法归纳
(1)(the) chances are (that) ...很可能……，句型中的the和that都可省略。表达此意时还可用there is a chance that ...句式。
(2)there's no chance of doing/to do sth./that ...不可能……
(3)have a chance of doing/to do sth.有做某事的机会
注意事项
(1)(the) chances are (that) ...句式中的chance只能用复数。
(2)possibility也可以表示可能性，构成句式There is a/no possibility to do/of doing/that ...。
[背写作佳句]
(1)If you make good preparations for the job interview, the chances are (that) you will be employed.(要点句)
(2)There is no possibility that human beings will ever be controlled by robots.(要点句)
[词块、句式过关综合训练]
Ⅰ.选词填空
as well as ， make a list of， be made up of， on the increase， have an advantage over， after all， of all time， rise to one's feet
1．(2018·天津高考) Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went after_all.
2．(2017·天津高考) Actually, I've been doing pretty well in my studies as_well_as in my life.
3．Nowadays, the number of people doing fitness training is on_the_increase.
4．Before I go shopping, I make_a_list_of the things I must buy.
5．Michael Jordan is one of the greatest basketball players of_all_time.
6．The professor pointed out that a better essay should be_made_up_of three or five parts.
7．He had a firstrate education so he had_an_advantage_over other boys who had not been well educated.
8．The old man slowly rose_to_his_feet and left the meeting room without saying a word.
Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子
1．即使你可能会失败，你也应该尽力去完成你的工作。(even though引导让步状语从句)
Even_though_you_might_fail,_you should try your best to finish your work.
2．如果你住在农村，你很可能听到过鸟儿在歌唱着欢迎新的一天的到来。(the chances are that ...)
If you live in the country, the_chances_are_that_you_have_heard_birds_singing to welcome the new day.
3．由你来决定你是否申请这个公司的职位。(be up to sb.)
It's_up_to_you_to_decide whether you will apply for the position of this company.
4．不是兴趣而是市场需求影响着大学生的专业选择。(强调句型)
It_is_not_their_interest_but_the_need_of_the_market_that influences students' choices of college majors.
Ⅲ.分步写作
第24届冬季奥林匹克运动会将于2022年2月4日至20日在北京和张家口市联合举行。现面向社会招募志愿者。假定你是李华，请根据自己的情况写一封电子邮件申请参加。内容包括：
1．热爱体育；
2．英语流利；
3．性格外向开朗，有组织能力。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点
1．审题：①文体：应用文之申请信 ②人称：第一人称
③时态：一般现在时
2．内容结构：开头自我介绍并点明写信的目的；主体部分详述个人优势；结尾表示感谢，期待回复。在开头作自我介绍时可介绍来自哪所学校；主体部分应根据题目所给的三个要点进行构思，题目所给的三个要点比较全面、具体，写作时注意适当充实要点即可。
开头语：我是李华，一名来自北京一所高中的18岁女孩。我想做2022年北京—张家口冬奥会的志愿者。(work as)
My_name_is_Li_Hua,_a_girl_of_18_from_a_high_school_in_Beijing.I_would_like_to_work_as_a_volunteer_for_the_2022_BeijingZhangjiakou_Winter_Olympic_Games.
要点1：我非常喜欢体育运动。
I_love_sports_very_much.
要点2：我能流利地说英语。
I_can_speak_English_fluently.
要点3：我有组织活动的能力，而且性格外向并精力充沛。
I_have_the_ability_to_organize_activities,_and_I_am_outgoing_and_energetic.
结尾语：如果您能考虑我的申请并给我机会，我将不胜感激。期待你的回复。
I_would_be_grateful_if_you_could_consider_my_application_and_offer_me_the_opportunity.Looking_forward_to_your_reply.
第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼
为了使内容更充实，我们需要对要点进行适度拓展。例如：在详述个人优势时需要补加一个统领句，可以写上一句“考虑到一切情况，我认为我能胜任这个职位”；要点1可增加结果状语从句，“喜欢体育运动”因此可以做些什么；要点2可增加定语从句“这使我更容易帮助有困难的外国人”；要点3可增加定语从句“这有利于我与陌生人交流”并升级为倒装句。
补充衔接句：考虑到一切情况，我认为我能胜任这个职位。(account)
Everything_taken_into_account,_I_think_I_am_qualified_for_the_position.
拓展要点1：我非常喜欢体育运动，所以我可以投入我所有的精力为比赛服务。(用so that引导结果状语从句)
I_love_sports_very_much_so_that_I_can_devote_all_my_energies_to_serving_the_game.
拓展要点2：我能流利地说英语，这使我更容易帮助有困难的外国人。(用which引导的定语从句)
I_can_speak_English_fluently,_which_makes_it_easier_for_me_to_help_foreigners_in_trouble.
拓展要点3：我不仅有组织活动的能力，而且我是一个外向、充满活力的人，这有利于我与陌生人交流。(not only ...but also ...引起的倒装句；用which引导的定语从句)
Not_only_do_I_have_the_ability_to_organize_activities,_but_also_I_am_outgoing_and_energetic,_which_benefits_me_in_communicating_with_strangers.
第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡
本文写作可采用“三段式”结构组织全文。注意补充的衔接句紧跟在开头语之后，使文章过渡自然；中间段落详述个人优势，可按句子的逻辑顺序用First of all， besides， above all等作好衔接过渡，使整篇文章语言连贯，过渡自然，衔接紧密。
Dear_Sir/Madam，
My_name_is_Li_Hua,_a_girl_of_18_from_a_high_school_in_Beijing.I_would_like_to_work_as_a_volunteer_for_the_2022_BeijingZhangjiakou_Winter_Olympic_Games.Everything_taken_into_account,_I_think_I_am_qualified_for_the_position.
First_of_all,_I_love_sports_very_much_so_that_I_can_devote_all_my_energies_to_serving_the_game.Besides,_I_can_speak_English_fluently,_which_makes_it_easier_for_me_to_help_foreigners_in_trouble.Above_all,_not_only_do_I_have_the_ability_to_organize_activities,_but_also_I_am_outgoing_and_energetic,_which_benefits_me_in_communicating_with_strangers.
I_would_be_grateful_if_you_could_consider_my_application_and_offer_me_the_opportunity.Looking_forward_to_your_reply.
Yours，
Li_Hua
掌握阅读技能之(二) 略读
略读是阅读理解常用的技巧之一，在快速浏览的过程中要一气呵成，尽管有空格、生词或不明白的地方，仍要快速读下去。读时要注意找出关键词、中心词，如时间、地点、人物词，显示故事发展的连词、过渡词，表示人物情感的形容词、副词，代表故事情节的关键词等，边读边将这些词圈划下来，以便于形成思路。切忌在未掌握大意的基础上，边阅读，边做题，这样速度慢，准确率低。
下面，我们不妨先用一两分钟看看下面这篇没有选项的文章，看看是怎样从略读中获取有效的信息。
通过以上略读，划出关键词，我们就基本上掌握了本文的大意：作者与妻子约定七点在餐馆就餐，但是作者的迟到以及解释让彼此产生了误解。作者向朋友描述了这种情况后，朋友指出了问题所在，于是作者开始理解妻子。
(一)课前自主学习
Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意
1．rugby n． 橄榄球
2．bat n. 球拍；球棒
3．club n. 高尔夫球棒
4．net n. 网
5．ring n. 拳击台
6．tracksuit n. 运动服
7．trainer n. 运动鞋；教练员
8．brand n. 商标；牌子
9．sportswear n. 运动服装；休闲服装
10．logo n. (公司或组织的)标识；标志
11．slogan n. 标语
12．marathon n. 马拉松
13．ministry n. (政府的)部
14．final n. 决赛
15．borough n. (自治)区
Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形
1．stadium n. 体育场，运动场
2．track n. 跑道
3．background n. 背景
4．guarantee vt. 保证
5．purchase vt. 购买
6．symbol n. 符号
7．score vi.& vt. 得分
8．quality n. 特性；品德；品性
9．victory n. 胜利
10．tough adj. 费力的；棘手的；困难的
11．dramatically adv. 戏剧性地
12．protest vi. 抗议
13．ultimate adj. 最后的
Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变
1．athletics n．田径运动→athlete n．运动员→athletic adj.体育的，运动的
2．retire vi.退休→retirement n．退休→retired adj.退休的
3．perform vi.表现→performer n．演出者；表演者→performance n．表现；表演[纵联1]
4．advantage n．优势；长处→disadvantage n．劣势；弱点[纵联2]
5．designer n．设计师→design vt.& n．设计；构思
6．gymnast n．体操运动员→gym/gymnasium n．体育馆→gymnastics n．体操，体操训练
7．specific adj.具体的；特定的→specifically adv.明确地；准确地[纵联3]
8．champion n．冠军→championship n．冠军地位；锦标赛
9．declare vt.宣布→declaration n．宣言；声明
10．competitor n．竞争者；对手→compete v．竞赛；竞争→competition n．竞赛；比赛→competitive adj.竞争的[纵联4]
纵联1.per开头单词常用到
①perform vi.表现 ②permanent adj.永久的
③personal adj.个人的 ④personnel n．职员
⑤perfect adj.完美的 ⑥permit vt.允许
⑦persuade vt.说服 ⑧percentage n．百分比
纵联2.“优缺点”都想到
①advantage优势；长处 disadvantage劣势；弱点
②strength优势 weakness劣势
③virtue优点 shortcoming缺点
纵联3.以ic结尾的形容词一览
①specific具体的；特定的 ②academic学术的
③alcoholic含酒精的 ④allergic过敏的
⑤basic基本的；基础的 ⑥electronic电子的
⑦energetic精力充沛的 ⑧enthusiastic热心的
⑨optimistic乐观的 ⑩scientific科学的
纵联4.盘点后缀or表示人的名词
①competitor竞争者 ②inventor发明者
③conductor售票员 ④translator翻译家
⑤editor编辑 ⑥operator操作员
⑦director导演 ⑧educator 教育者
⑨sailor水手 ⑩governor政府官员
单元话题——体育精神
子话题1 体育相关人员
①goalkeeper n．守门员 ②coach n．教练
③captain n．队长 ④referee n．裁判
⑤cheerleader n．拉拉队队员 ⑥professional n．职业运动员
子话题2 运动项目
①sprint n．短跑 ②weightlifting n．举重
③boxing n．拳击(运动) ④relay n．接力
⑤shooting n．射击 ⑥field events田赛
⑦track events径赛 ⑧baseball n．棒球
⑨diving n．跳水 ⑩gymnastics n．体操
子话题3 体育器材及设施
①court n．球场 ②surfboard n．冲浪板
③swimming pool游泳池 ④diving platform跳台
⑤helmet n．头盔 ⑥net n．网
⑦starting/finishing line起点/终点线
子话题4 比赛
①event n. 赛事
②tournament n. 锦标赛；联赛
③defeat/beat vt. 击败；战胜
④glory n. 巨大的光荣；荣誉
⑤a close game 一场势均力敌的比赛
⑥medal n. 奖牌
⑦set a new world record 创造新的世界纪录
⑧break the record 打破纪录
[学考对接·活学活用]
高考采撷(一) 阅读中的词汇应用
1．(2012·天津高考阅读表达) Born in 1949, Diana Nyad took an early interest in swimming as a sport and was a Florida State High School swimming champion❶.Like many young athletes❷， she had Olympic dreams, but a serious illness kept her from ❸ (competitor) in the Games.
①写出champion在句中的含义：冠军
②写出athletes在本单元的同根名词：athletics
③用competitor的正确形式填空：competing
2．(2011·江西高考阅读表达) What are the benefits of this state of affairs? One obvious advantage❶ to the profession is the addition of money provided by television companies.Large football clubs❷ benefit financially from TV income and the top players can command very large salaries.Less popular sports also receive money that can be used in ❸ (train) and awarenessraising.
①写出advantage的反义词：disadvantage
②写出clubs在句中的含义：俱乐部
③用train的正确形式填空：training
高考采撷(二) 写作中的词汇应用
(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)我们学校有一个大的体操馆和拥有现代设备的操场，例如草坪足球场地、塑胶跑道。(gymnasium, track)
Our_school_has_a_big_gymnasium_and_playground_with_modern_facilities,_such_as_a_lawn_football_field,_plastic_tracks.
2．(2018·天津高考书面表达)除了常规训练外，训练计划还包括参加各种活动，诸如参加一些国家级的比赛。(train, competition)
The_training_schedule,_apart_from_regular_training,_includes_joining_in_a_variety_of_activities,_such_as_participating_in_some_national_competitions.
3．(2018·江苏高考书面表达)无论买什么我都倾向于查阅一下消费排名。首先，消费排名比较高就意味着产品质量比较高，或者服务比较好。(purchase, quality)
I_tend_to_consult_consumption_ratings_whatever_I_purchase.Firstly,_the_higher_rating_means_the_higher_quality_of_the_product,_or_better_service.
(二)课堂重点释疑
1．perform v．表现；履行，执行；表演；运转
[记牢]
(1)perform one's duty/promise
尽某人的责任/履行某人的承诺
perform an experiment/operation 做实验/手术
(2)performance n. 表演，演出；表现；执行，履行
put on/give a performance 表演
performer n. 执行者，表演者，演奏者，能手
[练通]
单句语法填空
①(2015·浙江高考) Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it being_performed (perform) live is quite another.
②My classmates and I have decided to organize some wonderful singing and dancing performances (perform) for them, which will last about 3 hours.
补全句子
③The doctor will set out to_perform_the_operation,_so please keep calm.
医生就要开始做手术了，因此请保持镇静。
[写美] 翻译句子
④(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)另外，会有著名的艺术家现场表演如何制作剪纸。
In_addition,_there_are_famous_artists_who_will_perform_how_to_cut_paper_on_the_spot.
2．advantage n．优势；优点；长处；有利条件
[记牢]
(1)take (full) advantage of 对……加以(充分)利用
gain/win/have an advantage over ...
比……有优势；胜过，优于
(2)to one's advantage＝to the advantage of sb.
对某人有利
have the advantage of (doing) sth.
有(做)……的有利条件
(3)disadvantage n. 劣势；弱点；不利条件
[练通]
单句语法填空
①Men usually have an advantage over women when hunting for jobs.
②It might be to your advantage to take a computer course of some kind.
单句改错
③Parents should actively urge their children to take the advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams.去掉第一个the
[写美] 补全句子
④(2018·江苏高考书面表达)消费排名的优点和缺点经常是密切相关的。
The advantages_and_disadvantages of consumption ratings are often closely related.
3．guarantee vt.保证；担保；为……作担保；使……必然发生 n．保证(书)；担保(物)；抵押品；保修单
[记牢]
(1)guarantee to do sth. 保证做某事
保证某人得到某物
be guaranteed to do sth. 肯定会做某事
(2)give sb.a guarantee 给某人保证/承诺
under guarantee 在保修期内
[练通]
单句语法填空
①We guarantee to_deliver (deliver) your goods within a week.
②The manufacturer gives us guarantee that the iPad is_guaranteed (guarantee) for a year.
单句改错
③Your watch will be repaired free if it's still under the guarantee.去掉the
[写美] 补全句子
④你能向我保证这项工作按时完成吗？
Can you give_me_a_guarantee that the work will be finished on time?
4．declare vt.宣布；宣称；宣告；声明
[记牢]
declare war on/against 向……宣战
declare for/against 表示赞成/反对
declare sb.to be ... 宣布某人为……
declare ...open/closed 宣布……开始/结束
declare that ... 宣称……
[练通] 单句语法填空
①Police have now declared war on/against drug dealers in the area.
②When they asked him for his opinion, he declared strongly against the policy, which made them unhappy.
③When the meeting was declared closed (close), all the people present got up and left.
[写美] 补全句子
④当老师宣布我是这次英语演讲比赛的得胜者时，我又惊又喜。
When the teacher declared_me_to_be_the_winner_of_the_English_Speech_Contest,_I was surprised and pleased.
[词汇过关综合训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．(2016·浙江高考) In this article, you need to back up general statements with specific (具体的) examples.
2．Take this opportunity, and I guarantee (保证) that you won't regret it.
3．He only managed a narrow victory (胜利) in the election.He won by 20 votes.
4．The test was extremely difficult, and no one scored (得分) more than 90 points.
5．The computer purchased (购买) last week went wrong again.
6．The lion is considered the king of the forest as it is a symbol (标志) of courage and power.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ) It is worth mentioning that our volleyball team won the championship (champion) twice in national middle school volleyball matches.
2．(2016·10月浙江高考) Magically, that show remains the Great Jason's best performance (perform) to this day.
3．The data show that the output has increased dramatically (dramatic)．
4．I hope I will work in a computer company as a program designer (design)．
5．One of the disadvantages (advantage) of the solar car is too expensive for common people.
6．After months' training, they decided to take on the toughest (tough) team in the league.
7．Having_retired (retire) from his business, he now occupied himself with the welfare and disabled.
8．You have to answer every question as specifically (specific) as possible when the police come.
9．Now, even cars can be_purchased (purchase) on the Internet with just a few clicks of a mouse.
10．The judges had different ideas about the results, so it was two hours before the results were_declared (declare)．
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．Sorry, I am late but I give you guarantee that such things won't happen again.you后加a
2．Hearing the meeting declaring open, all the representatives applauded for a long time.declaring→declared
3．Shortly after the accident, two scores of police were sent there to keep order.scores→score
4．We had to recognize that they had many advantages to us in some aspects.第二个to→over
5．Thousands of people walked on the street, protested against the new law.protested→protesting或protested前加and
Ⅳ.根据提示补全句子
1．我们能够与来自其他大学的学生进行辩论赛和演讲赛。(compete)
We can compete_with_students_from_other_universities in debate contests or speech contests.
2．对足球明星来说，最得意的时刻是踢进制胜球的时候。(score)
The best moment for the football star was when he scored_the_winning_goal.
3．你应该利用这次好机会练习你的英语口语。(advantage)
You should take_advantage_of_the_good_chance to practise your oral English.
4．手机在保修期内的非人为损坏将免费维修。(guarantee)
The cellphone will be repaired free of charge when it_is_under_guarantee without human damage.
5．这种洗衣机质量上乘，因此在全国销量很好。(quality)
This kind of washing machine is of_high_quality so that it sells well all over the country.
(一)课前自主学习
1．as_well_as 和；也
2．make_a_list_of 列出；拟订一份名单
3．be_made_up_of 由……组成
4．on_the_increase 正在增加
5．have_an_advantage_over 比……占优势
6．vote_for [串记1] 投票选举
7．after_all 毕竟；终归
8．of_all_time 有史以来
9．be_up_to_sb. 由某人决定
10．rise_to_one's_feet 站起身
11．every_ten_seconds [串记2] 每十秒钟
12．compete_with/against [串记3] 与……竞争
[同根短语串记]
串记1.“v.＋for”短语荟萃
①vote for投票选举 ②go for试图获得
③care for关心；喜欢 ④seek for寻找；追求
⑤long for渴望；向往 ⑥make for走向；有助于
⑦call for要求；需要 ⑧stand for代表；支持
串记2.every表示“每隔”短语荟萃
every ten seconds 每十秒钟
每隔一天
串记3.compete短语小结
①compete with/against 与……竞争
②compete for 为……而竞争
③compete in 参加……比赛；在……方面竞争
④compete to do sth. 竞争做某事
1．together with 和……一起
2．sense of failure 失败感
3．come onto the market 上市
4．the number of ……的数量
5．pick sb.up 把某人扶起来；用车接某人
6．make money 挣钱
7．according to 根据
8．the finishing line 终点线
1．But even_though he had won everything it was possible to win in his sport, Li Ning retired with the feeling that he had failed.
但即使他已经赢得了自己在体操运动项目上所能赢得的一切，李宁还是带着一种失败的感觉退了役。
2．But it_was_this_sense_of_failure_that made him determined to succeed in his new life.
但就是这种失败感使他决心在新的生活中取得成功。
3．If you go into a school or university anywhere, the_chances_are you will see students in Li Ning tracksuits with the familiar logo.
如果你走进任何一个地方的中学或大学校园，都有可能看到身穿印有那个熟悉标志的李宁运动服的学生们。
[学考对接·活学活用]
高考采撷(一) 完形中的短语和句式(补全句子)
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ完形填空) I jumped at the idea of taking the class because, after_all (毕竟), who doesn't want to save a few dollars?
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ完形填空) That was the name students voted_for (投票选举) after deciding that “Room 104” was too dull.
3．(2015·广东高考完形填空) Even_though_we_can't_live_forever (尽管我们不能长生不老), we are living a longer life than ever before.
高考采撷(二)写作中的短语(补全句子/词汇升级)
1．(2011·湖南高考写作)这幅画令我们深思：我们的社会是由许多不同个性、不同性格的人组成的。
The picture sets us thinking deeply: our society is_made_up_of_many_people who have different personalities and characters.
2．(2018·浙江高考写作) And I treasure this as a good chance to broaden my perspective and improve my spoken English.(用本单元短语替换加黑部分)as_well_as
3．(2014·江苏高考书面表达) As the number of English learners is increasing, it's not difficult for them to understand these words in Chinese contexts.(用本单元短语替换加黑部分)on_the_increase
(二)课堂重点释疑
[短语集释]
1．on the increase正在增加/长，在增大
[记牢]
(1)on the decrease/decline 在减少；在衰退
on the rise 在上涨，在增长
(2)increase by ... 增加了……
increase to ... 增加到……
[练通]
单句语法填空
①The total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 2000 and 2018.
②The number of teaching staff members in this school has increased to 700.
单句改错
③The number of students going abroad for further study is on decrease nowadays.decrease前加the
[用准] increase by “增加了”，后跟分数或百分数；increase to “增加到”，后跟具体的数字。
[写美] 词汇升级
④The number of people who study Chinese has been rising in the past few years.
→The number of people who study Chinese has been on_the_increase/rise in the past few years.
2．rise to one's feet站起身
[记牢]
jump/leap to one's feet 跳起来
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
stand on one's own feet 自立，经济上独立
set foot on/in 进入，踏上
[练通]
单句语法填空
①(2016·10月浙江高考) Jane jumped to her feet, waving her handmade flag and crying for help.
②Now that you have grown up, you must learn to stand on your own feet.
单句改错
③The moment he set feet on his motherland, he became excited.feet→foot
补全句子
④I found an old man fell into a pool, but quickly he struggled_to_his_feet.
我发现一位老人倒在池塘里，但很快就挣扎着站了起来。
[写美] 词汇升级
⑤At the end of the concert, the audience stood up to applaud and cheer.
→At the end of the concert, the audience rose_to_their_feet to applaud and cheer.
[句式集释]
(the) chances are (that) ...很可能……
[教材原句] If you go into a school or university anywhere, the_chances_are you will see students in Li Ning tracksuits with the familiar logo.
[悟拓展例句]
(1)My application has been approved, and the_chances_are_that I will leave the company next month.
＝My application has been approved, and there_is_a_chance_that I will leave the company next month.
我的申请已经被批准了，我很可能下个月离开公司。
(2)There_is_no_chance_of doing business if you insist on that offer.
如果你们坚持那个报价，就不可能做成生意。
(3)(2016·四川高考) Chinese scientists recently had_a_chance_to_study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.
中国的科学家最近有机会研究带着新生宝宝的野生雌性大熊猫。
[析用法规则]
用法归纳
(1)(the) chances are (that) ...很可能……，句型中的the和that都可省略。表达此意时还可用there is a chance that ...句式。
(2)there's no chance of doing/to do sth./that ...不可能……
(3)have a chance of doing/to do sth.有做某事的机会
注意事项
(1)(the) chances are (that) ...句式中的chance只能用复数。
(2)possibility也可以表示可能性，构成句式There is a/no possibility to do/of doing/that ...。
[背写作佳句]
(1)If you make good preparations for the job interview, the chances are (that) you will be employed.(要点句)
(2)There is no possibility that human beings will ever be controlled by robots.(要点句)
[词块、句式过关综合训练]
Ⅰ.选词填空
as well as ， make a list of， be made up of， on the increase， have an advantage over， after all， of all time， rise to one's feet
1．(2018·天津高考) Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went after_all.
2．(2017·天津高考) Actually, I've been doing pretty well in my studies as_well_as in my life.
3．Nowadays, the number of people doing fitness training is on_the_increase.
4．Before I go shopping, I make_a_list_of the things I must buy.
5．Michael Jordan is one of the greatest basketball players of_all_time.
6．The professor pointed out that a better essay should be_made_up_of three or five parts.
7．He had a firstrate education so he had_an_advantage_over other boys who had not been well educated.
8．The old man slowly rose_to_his_feet and left the meeting room without saying a word.
Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子
1．即使你可能会失败，你也应该尽力去完成你的工作。(even though引导让步状语从句)
Even_though_you_might_fail,_you should try your best to finish your work.
2．如果你住在农村，你很可能听到过鸟儿在歌唱着欢迎新的一天的到来。(the chances are that ...)
If you live in the country, the_chances_are_that_you_have_heard_birds_singing to welcome the new day.
3．由你来决定你是否申请这个公司的职位。(be up to sb.)
It's_up_to_you_to_decide whether you will apply for the position of this company.
4．不是兴趣而是市场需求影响着大学生的专业选择。(强调句型)
It_is_not_their_interest_but_the_need_of_the_market_that influences students' choices of college majors.
Ⅲ.分步写作
第24届冬季奥林匹克运动会将于2022年2月4日至20日在北京和张家口市联合举行。现面向社会招募志愿者。假定你是李华，请根据自己的情况写一封电子邮件申请参加。内容包括：
1．热爱体育；
2．英语流利；
3．性格外向开朗，有组织能力。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点
1．审题：①文体：应用文之申请信 ②人称：第一人称
③时态：一般现在时
2．内容结构：开头自我介绍并点明写信的目的；主体部分详述个人优势；结尾表示感谢，期待回复。在开头作自我介绍时可介绍来自哪所学校；主体部分应根据题目所给的三个要点进行构思，题目所给的三个要点比较全面、具体，写作时注意适当充实要点即可。
开头语：我是李华，一名来自北京一所高中的18岁女孩。我想做2022年北京—张家口冬奥会的志愿者。(work as)
My_name_is_Li_Hua,_a_girl_of_18_from_a_high_school_in_Beijing.I_would_like_to_work_as_a_volunteer_for_the_2022_BeijingZhangjiakou_Winter_Olympic_Games.
要点1：我非常喜欢体育运动。
I_love_sports_very_much.
要点2：我能流利地说英语。
I_can_speak_English_fluently.
要点3：我有组织活动的能力，而且性格外向并精力充沛。
I_have_the_ability_to_organize_activities,_and_I_am_outgoing_and_energetic.
结尾语：如果您能考虑我的申请并给我机会，我将不胜感激。期待你的回复。
I_would_be_grateful_if_you_could_consider_my_application_and_offer_me_the_opportunity.Looking_forward_to_your_reply.
第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼
为了使内容更充实，我们需要对要点进行适度拓展。例如：在详述个人优势时需要补加一个统领句，可以写上一句“考虑到一切情况，我认为我能胜任这个职位”；要点1可增加结果状语从句，“喜欢体育运动”因此可以做些什么；要点2可增加定语从句“这使我更容易帮助有困难的外国人”；要点3可增加定语从句“这有利于我与陌生人交流”并升级为倒装句。
补充衔接句：考虑到一切情况，我认为我能胜任这个职位。(account)
Everything_taken_into_account,_I_think_I_am_qualified_for_the_position.
拓展要点1：我非常喜欢体育运动，所以我可以投入我所有的精力为比赛服务。(用so that引导结果状语从句)
I_love_sports_very_much_so_that_I_can_devote_all_my_energies_to_serving_the_game.
拓展要点2：我能流利地说英语，这使我更容易帮助有困难的外国人。(用which引导的定语从句)
I_can_speak_English_fluently,_which_makes_it_easier_for_me_to_help_foreigners_in_trouble.
拓展要点3：我不仅有组织活动的能力，而且我是一个外向、充满活力的人，这有利于我与陌生人交流。(not only ...but also ...引起的倒装句；用which引导的定语从句)
Not_only_do_I_have_the_ability_to_organize_activities,_but_also_I_am_outgoing_and_energetic,_which_benefits_me_in_communicating_with_strangers.
第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡
本文写作可采用“三段式”结构组织全文。注意补充的衔接句紧跟在开头语之后，使文章过渡自然；中间段落详述个人优势，可按句子的逻辑顺序用First of all， besides， above all等作好衔接过渡，使整篇文章语言连贯，过渡自然，衔接紧密。
Dear_Sir/Madam，
My_name_is_Li_Hua,_a_girl_of_18_from_a_high_school_in_Beijing.I_would_like_to_work_as_a_volunteer_for_the_2022_BeijingZhangjiakou_Winter_Olympic_Games.Everything_taken_into_account,_I_think_I_am_qualified_for_the_position.
First_of_all,_I_love_sports_very_much_so_that_I_can_devote_all_my_energies_to_serving_the_game.Besides,_I_can_speak_English_fluently,_which_makes_it_easier_for_me_to_help_foreigners_in_trouble.Above_all,_not_only_do_I_have_the_ability_to_organize_activities,_but_also_I_am_outgoing_and_energetic,_which_benefits_me_in_communicating_with_strangers.
I_would_be_grateful_if_you_could_consider_my_application_and_offer_me_the_opportunity.Looking_forward_to_your_reply.
Yours，
Li_Hua
掌握阅读技能之(二) 略读
略读是阅读理解常用的技巧之一，在快速浏览的过程中要一气呵成，尽管有空格、生词或不明白的地方，仍要快速读下去。读时要注意找出关键词、中心词，如时间、地点、人物词，显示故事发展的连词、过渡词，表示人物情感的形容词、副词，代表故事情节的关键词等，边读边将这些词圈划下来，以便于形成思路。切忌在未掌握大意的基础上，边阅读，边做题，这样速度慢，准确率低。
下面，我们不妨先用一两分钟看看下面这篇没有选项的文章，看看是怎样从略读中获取有效的信息。
通过以上略读，划出关键词，我们就基本上掌握了本文的大意：作者与妻子约定七点在餐馆就餐，但是作者的迟到以及解释让彼此产生了误解。作者向朋友描述了这种情况后，朋友指出了问题所在，于是作者开始理解妻子。
相关资料
更多
