2020版一轮复习英语译林全国版学案：选修8Unit1Thewrittenword



(一)课前自主学习

Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意
1．vice n. 　　　　　　　　 恶行，恶习，罪恶
2．fiction n. 小说；虚构的事
3．antique n. 古董，文物
4．chapter n. (书的)章，篇，回；时期，时代
5．painter n. 画家
6．spring vi. 突然出现；跳，蹦
7．rigid adj. 死板的，僵化的，固执的；坚硬的，僵直的
8．civil adj. 有教养的，有礼貌的；国民的，
平民的；民事的(非刑事的)
9．melt vi.& vt. (使)融化，(使)熔化；
(使)缓和，(使)软化
10．envelope n．[纵联1] 信封
11．romantic adj. 浪漫主义的；浪漫的
12．paragraph n. 段落
13．worn out adj. 破烂不堪的，破旧的；精疲力尽的
14．twist n. 转折，转变；转动；急转弯
vi.& vt. (使)弯曲；转动；蜿蜒
15．monument n. 纪念碑，纪念馆，纪念塑像；古迹
Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形
1．reputation n 名誉，名声
2．bent adj. 弯曲的；驼背的；不诚实的
n. 天赋，爱好
3．desperate adj. 铤而走险的，拼命的，绝望的；
非常需要，渴望
4．vain adj. 虚荣的，自负的；徒劳的，无结果的
5．rescue n．& vi.& vt. 救援，营救
6．theme n. 主题，主题思想；主题音乐
7．intend vt.& vi. 打算，计划，想要
8．adore vt.[纵联2] 热爱，喜爱，爱慕
9．wrap vt. 包，裹；围，缠绕
10．author n. 作者
11．abuse vt. 虐待；辱骂；滥用
12．spit vi.& vt. 吐唾沫(表示愤怒或鄙视)；
吐，唾(唾沫、食物等)
13．debt n．[纵联3] 债务，欠款
14．reform vi.& vt.& n. (使)改过自新，改造；改革，改良
Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变
1．poetry n．诗歌→poetic adj.诗歌的，诗的→poet n．诗人→poetess n．女诗人
2．characteristic n．特征，特点 adj.典型的，独特的，特有的→character n．人物，角色；性格
3．novelist n．小说家→novel n．小说
4．criminal n．罪犯 adj.犯罪的，犯法的；刑法的，刑事的→crime n．罪行，犯罪行为
5．tension n．紧张气氛；紧张，烦躁；矛盾，对立→tense adj.令人紧张的；神经紧张的；绷紧的
6．generous adj.慷慨的，大方的；宽厚的，仁慈的→generously adv.慷慨地；大方地→generosity n．慷慨，大方；宽宏大量
7．violence n．暴力，暴行→violent adj.暴力的，粗暴的；猛烈的，强烈的→violently adv.强烈地，激烈地
8．resist vi.& vt.反抗，抵制，抵挡→resistant adj.有抵抗力的→resistance n．反抗，抵抗，抗拒
9．reunite vt.& vi.(使)重逢，再相聚；(使)再结合，再联合→unite vi.& vt.联合，团结，统一，联手→united adj.联合的，统一的→unity n．团结一致，联合，统一


纵联1.“信”相关词集合
①envelope n. 信封
②stamp n. 邮票
③address vt. 写姓名地址
④post v. 寄出，邮寄
⑤mailbox n. 邮箱
⑥letter n. 书信
⑦post office 邮局
纵联2.“喜欢”词汇个个清
①adore ②enjoy
③love/like ④prefer
⑤feel like ⑥be keen on
⑦be addicted to
纵联3.“debt”用法展示
①be in heavy debt＝be deep in debt　 负债累累
②in debt to sb.＝ in sb.'s debt　　　 欠某人的人情/债
③be/get out of debt 摆脱债务
④get into debt 负债
⑤pay off debt 还清债务
⑥owe sb. a debt 欠某人一笔债

单元话题——文学
子话题1　文学作品
①masterpiece n. 杰作
②biography n. 传记
③classic n. 名著
④original n. 原作
⑤adaptation n. 改编本
⑥essay n. 散文；文章；随笔
⑦myth n. 神话
⑧legend n. 传说，传奇故事
⑨fairy tale 童话故事
⑩detective story 侦探小说
⑪classical literature 古典文学
⑫mystery novel 悬疑小说
子话题2　文学欣赏
①background n. 背景
②technique n. 技巧
③reflect v. 反映
④inspiration n. 灵感，启发
⑤thrilling adj. 刺激的
⑥vivid adj. 栩栩如生的
⑦works appreciation 作品欣赏
⑧book review 书评
⑨description n. 描述
⑩comment v．& n. 评论
子话题3　文学作品中的常见元素
①theme 主题
②symbol 象征
③character 人物
④plot 情节
⑤ending 结局
⑥setting 背景
[学考对接·活学活用]
高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词汇应用
1．(2016·四川高考完形)Another try was in order. “Well, if you don't want❶ to read it, give it back. Maybe your mom would enjoy❷ hearing the story.” The book sailed through the air to Aunt Dede and she began to read it aloud. By the end of the first chapter❸， requests were coming from the back seat: “Please read a little louder.”
①用本单元单词替换加黑词汇：intend，意为“想要，打算”，可以构成短语intend sth. for sb.，意为“为某人准备某物”。
②加黑词在本单元的同义词是：adore，表示“喜爱”，其名词为adoration，其形容词为adoring。
③写出加黑词在此处的汉语意思：章，回
2．(2012·湖南高考阅读A) The poem was written by Edgar Allan Poe❶ ; my dad recited it as much as he did the other. I typed that out as well and searched online for a background to the words of it. The poem was focused around dreaming, and after searching I found the perfect picture. The image was painted❷ with blues and greens and purples, twisting❸ together to create the theme and wonder of a dream.
①用author改写加黑部分：The_author_of_the_poem_was_Edgar_Allan_Poe
②写出加黑词在本单元的同根名词：painter，意为“油漆工，画家”。
③写出加黑词在此处的汉语意思：缠绕，扭曲，习语twist sb.'s arm意为“采用强制手段，给某人施加压力”。
高考采撷(二)　写作中的词汇应用
(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)
1．(2016·北京高考书面表达)他因对中国做出的杰出贡献而享有盛誉。(reputation)
He_is_of_high_reputation_for_his_outstanding_contributions_to_China.
2．(2013·陕西高考书面表达)妈妈给了我一个拥抱，我从她的眼睛里看到了满足。尽管我已精疲力竭，但我从未感到如此快乐。(worn out)
My_mother_gave_me_a_hug_and_I_could_see_satisfaction_in_her_eyes._Worn_out_as_I_was,_I_never_felt_so_happy._
(二)课堂重点释疑
1．desperate adj.铤而走险的，拼命的，绝望的；非常需要的，渴望的
[记牢]
(1)be desperate for sth.　　　　　 渴望某物
be desperate to do sth. 渴望做某事
in desperate need of 非常需要
(2)desperately adv. 极其，非常；绝望地
[练通]
单句语法填空
①After ten years of hard study, he is desperate to_pass (pass) the College Entrance Examination and enter an ideal university.
②The increasing poverty，crime and war tell. us that the world is in desperate need of true love.
③There may be something missing in your life that you desperately (desperate) want.
一句多译
显然，他生活很困难，急需一份工作。(desperate)
④Obviously,_he_lives_a_hard_life_and_is_desperate_for_a_job.
⑤Obviously,_he_lives_a_hard_life_and_is_desperate_to_find_a_job.
[写美]
⑥(2015·四川高考书面表达)我渴望提高英语口语，你能给我一些建议吗？
I_am_desperate_to_improve_my_spoken_English._Can_you_give_me_some_advice?
2．vain adj.虚荣的，自负的；徒劳的，无结果的
[记牢]
(1)a vain attempt/effort　 徒劳的尝试/努力
in vain 徒劳地；无意义地
try in vain to do sth. 枉费心机地试图做某事
(2)vainly adv. 徒劳地；不成功地；白费力气地
[练通]
单句语法填空
①She made a vain attempt to persuade him to lend her the money.
②We tried in vain to_make (make) him change his mind.
③We vainly (vain) tried to find out the stranger's name and occupation.
单句改错
④They made several attempts to reach the mountain top, but with vain. with→in
⑤He tried in the vain to get into contact with the local branch. 去掉第一个the
[写美]
⑥(2009·北京高考书面表达)一个西方年轻人正在努力用两根叉子叉起面条，就像我们中国人用筷子一样，但结果却只是徒劳。
A_Western_young_man_is_trying_so_hard_to_pick_up_the_noodles_with_two_forks_the_same_way_as_we_Chinese_hold_chopsticks,_but_in_vain.
3．resist vi.& vt.反抗，抵制，抵挡
[记牢]
(1)resist doing sth.　　　　 反对做某事
can't resist doing sth.＝ can't help doing sth.
忍不住做某事
(2)resistant adj. 抵抗的；有抵抗力的
be resistant to 对……有抵抗力
(3)resistance n. 抵制，抗拒；反对
resistance to ... 对……的抵制
[练通]
单句语法填空
①They find these kinds of things extremely boring, and they will resist doing (do) them.
②The greatest resistance (resist), however, may come from the industry itself.
③Any organization with rich personnel tends to be resistant(resist) to rapid change.
④Generally those who exercise regularly have high resistance to diseases.
一句多译
当她看到那个滑稽的年轻人的时候，忍不住笑了起来。
⑤She_couldn't_resist_laughing_the_moment_she_saw_that_funny_young_man.(resist)
⑥She_couldn't_help_laughing_the_moment_she_saw_that_funny_young_man.(help)
[写美]
⑦(2010·广东高考书面表达)其主要目的是通过张贴抵制吸烟的标志，使每一个公共房间都没有人吸烟。
The_main_aim_is_to_make_every_public_room_has_no_smoke_by_posting_the_sign_of_resisting_smoking.
4．rescue n．& vi.& vt.救援，营救
[记牢]
(1)come/go to sb.'s rescue　　　　　 前来/去救某人
(2)rescue sb. from ... 从……营救某人
rescue sth. from ... 使某物免于……
[练通]
单句语法填空
①The lifeboat was sent out to rescue the sailors from the sinking ship.
②I was too tired to take care of the kids and my mom came to my rescue.
完成句子
③The police broke up the window nailed down and rescued_the_boy_from_the_fire.
警察打碎了用钉子钉死的窗子，救出了大火中的男孩。
④Some experts appealed to people to_rescue_many_species_from_extinction.
一些专家呼吁人们拯救许多物种以使其免于灭绝。
[写美]
⑤(2013·重庆高考书面表达)据我所知，你的基金会可以帮助拯救那些濒临灭绝的物种。
As_far_as_I_know,_your_foundation_can_help_rescue_those_species_that_are_at_the_edge_of_extinction.
5．reputation n．名誉；声望；名声
[记牢]
have a good/bad reputation　 名声好/坏
have a reputation for sth. 因……而著名，以……闻名
live up to one's reputation 名不虚传；名副其实
lose/ruin one's reputation 名誉扫地
earn/establish/build a reputation　 赢得/确立/树立声誉
be of great/good/high reputation　 很有声望的；享有盛名的
[练通]
单句语法填空
①So far the few that have persuaded readers to pay for news online tend to have a reputation for distinctive coverage.
②Li Yong was once a TV programme host of great reputation, especially famous for holding quiz programmes.
完成句子
③I often buy food and other products that are popular and have_a_good_reputation.
我经常买一些受欢迎的和信誉好的食品及其他产品。
④Don't spread rumors, or you'll ruin_his_reputation.
不要散布谣言，否则你会让他名誉扫地。
⑤It takes twenty years to build_a_reputation and five minutes to ruin it.
花二十年建立起来的声誉可以在五分钟之内完全摧毁。
[写美]
⑥(2017·北京高考书面表达)“长江之行”和“泰山之旅”都享有盛誉。
Of_the_two_trips_to_the_Yangtze_River_and_Mount_Tai,_both_are_of_great_reputation.
6．intend vt.& vi.打算，计划，想要
[记牢]
(1)intend to do/doing sth.　　 打算做某事
had intended to do sth.＝intended to have done sth.
本来打算做某事
intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事
intend sth. for ... 为……准备某物
(2)intended adj.　　　　　　 故意的，有意的；打算中的
be intended for 为……准备/设计的
be intended to be/do sth. 目的是作为某物/做某事
(3)intention n. 意图，目的，企图
have no intention of ... 无意……
with the intention of doing/to do ...
抱有做……的目的/打算
[练通]
单句语法填空
①I intended to_visit/visiting (visit) him, but I was afraid I would disturb him.
②Their expedition was intended to_prepare (prepare) them for their lifelong dream of climbing Mount Everest.
③This money is intended for the development of the tourist industry.
④We come here with the intention (intend) of learning knowledge.
句型转换
⑤He apologizes for his comments and says he didn't intend offending the community.
→He apologizes for his comments and says he had no intention of offending the community.
⑥They had intended to go into the country for the day, but were put off by reports of traffic jams.
→They_intended to have gone into the country for the day, but were put off by reports of traffic jams.
[写美]
⑦(2018·天津高考书面表达)我想要强调的是我们团队正在招收新成员，我想邀请你加入。
What_I_intend_to_stress_is_that_our_group_is_looking_for_new_members_and_I_would_like_to_invite_you_to_join.

[词汇过关综合训练]　
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Metals will melt (熔化) when heated to a certain temperature.
2．Would you please introduce me to Professor Li? I adore (崇拜) him very much.
3．Can you translate those paragraphs (段落) into English?
4．The police kept after the criminal (罪犯) until they finally caught him.
5．He was so good to me that I can never repay the debt (债) I owe him.
6．They built a monument (纪念碑) in memory of those who died in the great earthquake.
7．Two men sprang (突然出现) out as I was walking through the park.
8．Without the reform (改革) of the economic management system our industry will reverse.
9．I had intended (打算) to visit my grandparents tomorrow, but I was prevented by an emergency.
10．What went on here was an abuse (滥用) of power.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The man in the river desperately (desperate) tried to reach the bank.
2．The key to success as a romantic novelist (novel) is absolute belief in your story.
3．Mark, who had at first been very tense (tension), at last relaxed.
4．Your insight, kindness, courage, and generosity (generous) make this site what it is.
5．We must strengthen our unity (unite) in the face of powerful enemies.
6．On occasion, little Annie would violently (violent) attack anyone who came near.
7．One characteristic (character) I have observed over the years in all great software developers is their passion for their work.
8．Her father tried to persuade her to go back home with him, but in vain.
9．I intend to_join/joining (join) a Dragon Boat Training Camp, and I wonder if you'd like to go with me.
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．I won't buy a new pair of shoes for you until this pair is wore out. wore→worn
2．So why exactly does your job have reputation for being stressful？have后加a
3．Every one couldn't resist to laughing when they heard the story.去掉to
4．I intended to help him, but I was too busy at that moment.intended前加had
5．He tried to cover up his mistakes but in the vain.去掉the
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．It is said that the school being built at present is_intended_for_the_disabled_children.
据说现在正在建设的学校是为残疾儿童设立的。
2．She_couldn't_resist_laughing when her teacher told a funny joke in class.
当老师在班上讲了一个有趣的笑话时，她忍不住大笑起来。
3．The child was_rescued_from_the_fire,_but died soon after of terrible burns.
这个孩子从大火中被救了出来，但不久之后由于严重的烧伤而死去了。
4．The unattended children are in_desperate_need_of love and attention.
留守儿童非常需要爱和关怀。
5．The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has_a_very_good_reputation.
这名医生治疗心脏病医术高超，而且从不收病人的礼物，所以他的名声很好。

(一)课前自主学习

1．(be)_bent_on_(doing)_sth.[串记1] 决心做某事(通常指坏事)
2．on_the_run 躲避；忙碌，不停地奔波
3．live_up_to 达到，符合(期望)
4．come_to_one's_rescue 救援某人，帮助某人
5．touch_on[串记2] 谈及，涉及
6．be_intended_to_be/do_sth. 目的是作为某物/做某事
7．in_tune 音调准确；演奏合调
8．give_away 泄露；出卖；分发
9．focus_..._on_... 把……集中在……
10．let_out 放大；泄露；发出
11．pick_up 捡起；获得；学会
12．come_out 出版，发行
13．at_a_time 每次
14．(be)_based_on 以……为基础
15．be_set_in 以……为背景
16．have_nothing_to_do_with 与……没关系
17．under_the_control_of[串记3] 在……控制下
18．compare_..._to_... 把……比作……
19．appeal_to 吸引；呼吁
20．consist_of 由……组成
21．be_adapted_from 由……改编
[同根短语串记]
串记1.“be＋adj.＋on”短语荟萃
①be dependent on 依赖于
②be keen on 热衷于
③be tough on 严格对待
④be bent on 决心……
⑤be based on 以……为基础
⑥be hard on 对……苛刻
⑦be impressed on 对……印象深刻
串记2.“v.＋on”短语集锦
①touch on 涉及
②take on 雇用；呈现；承担
③put on 上演；穿上
④hold on 不挂断电话
⑤focus on 专注于
⑥concentrate on 专注于
⑦act on 对……起作用
⑧depend on 取决于
⑨insist on 坚持
⑩work on 操作
串记3.“控制，掌管”家族
①in control of 控制，掌管
②take control of 控制，掌控
③in charge of 掌管，控制
④in the charge of 由……掌管
⑤under the control of 在……控制下

1．in their spare time　　　　　 在他们的空闲时间
2．a symbol of danger 危险的象征
3．adopt a certain point_of view 采纳某一观点
4．from start to finish 从开始到结束
5．have a reputation for being funny and pleasant to be around
有待人风趣、友好的好名声
6．a poor family with many debts 一个负债累累的贫困家庭
7．earn his income by farming 靠农活维持生计
8．be full of_symbols 充满象征意义

1．This makes_them_difficult for some people to read, so they are often left to gather dust on shelves.
对有些人来说，读经典作品是困难的，因此它们经常被搁置在书架上积满了灰尘。
2．Pip's sister often abuses him, but Joe is a kind and simple man who would_rather_die_than_see any harm come to Pip.
皮普的姐姐经常辱骂他，但乔却是一个善良、淳朴的人，他宁愿死也不愿看到皮普受到任何伤害。
3．Oliver gets_arrested by the police and is taken to court.
奥利弗被警察抓住并被带到法庭上。
[学考对接·活学活用]
高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词块和句式(完成句子)
1．(2017·江苏高考完形)He might not have done this particularly well, because the teacher told Gabriel that he had a good ear and suggested that Gabriel go into the music store­room to see if any of the instruments there_appealed_to_him(吸引他)．
2．(2016 ·全国卷Ⅱ阅读D)The journey was_intended_to__achieve (目的是实现) more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done.
3．(2013·全国卷Ⅱ完形)On winter days, Mr.Greenberg_gives_away_gloves (分发手套). During the rest of the year, he buys gloves.

高考采撷(二)　写作中的短语和句式
(根据提示翻译句子)
1．(2015·江苏高考书面表达)随着汽车数量的增加，遇到交通堵塞很常见。(get＋过去分词)
With_the_number_of_cars_increasing,_it_is_very_common_to_get_blocked_in_the_traffic.
2．(2014·四川高考书面表达)我会通过这次考试，不会辜负老师和父母的期望。(live up to)
I_will_pass_the_examination_and_live_up_to_the_expectations_of_my_teachers_and_parents.
(二)课堂重点释疑
[短语集释]
1．be bent on (doing) sth.决心做某事(通常指坏事)；一心想要做某事
[记牢]
bend one's mind/efforts/thoughts to sth.　专心于某事物
bend (sb.) to sth.　迫使(某人)屈从某物
[练通]
单句语法填空
①The girl bent her mind to the job, and won great achievements.
②He was bent on winning (win) at all costs, which surprised all of us.
完成句子
③Though he is seventy years old, he is_bent_on_studying medicine.
尽管他已七十岁的高龄，但他决心学医。
④However weak the nation may be, it will never bend_to a greater power.
无论这个国家多么弱小， 它决不屈服于强国。
[写美]
⑤(2009·江西高考书面表达)当你专心做你喜欢做的事情时，你的情绪会好转。
When_you_bend_your_mind_to_something_you_love,_your_mood_will_improve.
2．on the run躲避；忙碌，不停地奔波
[记牢]
(1)in the long/short run　　　 从长远/短期来看
a run of 一连串(类似的)事件
(2)on the way 在路上
on the go 十分活跃；非常忙碌
[练通]　完成句子
①Do you eat convenience foods because you are always on_the_run?
你是否因为行程匆忙而经常食用方便食品？
②In_the_long_run,_they plan to make enough from advertising to offer the application to users for free.
从长远来看，他们希望从广告中获得足够收入，以便免费向用户提供该应用。
③He had a_run_of_luck and made a lot of money last year.
他财运不错，去年赚了很多钱。
[写美]
④(2013·安徽高考书面表达)改变这种状况需要每个人付出相当大的努力。至于我，则应该从上学的路上开始。
To_change_this_situation_requires_considerable_effort_on_the_part_of_everyone._As_for_me,_it_should_start_on_the_way_to_school.
3．live up to达到，符合(期望)；不辜负；遵守(诺言)
[记牢]
live on　　　　　　 以……为生；继续存在
live out 活过；实践；实现；住在外面
live with 忍受，容忍；与……一起生活
live through 经历艰难或险境而幸存
[练通]
介、副词填空
①People who live through life­threatening situations sometimes describe a calming presence or guiding voice that helps them survive.
②I just had to learn to live with the pain in those hard times.
完成句子
③The money he got from winning the lottery allowed him to live_out_his_dream of sailing around the world.
他中彩票获得的钱足以让他实现航海环游世界的梦想。
④I had to live_on bread and water when I was a student.
我上学时只能靠粗茶淡饭生活。
⑤One ought to live_up_to_what he knows to be right.
自己认为是对的，就应该去实践。
[写美]
⑥(2015·陕西高考书面表达)我相信我能完全达到你的期望。
I_am_sure_that_I_can_perfectly_live_up_to_your_expectations.
[句式集释]
1．“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构
[教材原句]　This makes_them_difficult for some people to read, so they are often left to gather dust on shelves.
[悟拓展例句]
(1)We made_him_captain of our football team.
我们推选他为我们足球队队长。
(2)We must make_the_rivers_clean.
我们必须净化河水。
(3)Our teacher_makes_us_feel_more_confident.
老师使得我们感到更自信了。
(4)He couldn't make_himself_heard above the noise of the traffic.
在交通嘈杂声中他无法使自己的声音让别人听到。
(5)He_makes_the_boy_standing_all the time.
他让那个男孩一直站着。
[析用法规则]
用法归纳
(1)“make＋宾语＋n.”意为“使、让某人/某物(成为)……”
(2)“make＋宾语＋adj.”意为“使某人/某事(变得)……”
(3)“make＋宾语＋do sth.(不带to的不定式)”意为“(迫)使某人做某事”
(4)“make＋宾语＋v.­ed(过去分词作宾补)”意为“使某人/某事被……”
(5)“make＋宾语＋v.­ing(现在分词)”意为“使某人/某事一直在……”
注意事项
(1)make＋宾语＋宾语补足语结构中，当宾语是不定式短语或从句时，多用it作形式宾语。
(2)make sb. do sth.结构变为被动语态时，省略的动词不定式符号to要补上。

[背写作佳句]
(1)(2017·全国卷Ⅰ写作佳句)There is no doubt that you are supposed to know about the history of Tang Dynasty in advance, which will make the class go smoothly.(要点句)
(2)(2018·全国卷Ⅱ写作佳句)Watching the film, Growing Together, makes it easier for students to know the school.(要点句)
2．would rather do ... than do ...宁愿做……而不愿做……
[教材原句]　Pip's sister often abuses him, but Joe is a kind and simple man who would_rather_die_than_see any harm come to Pip.
[悟拓展例句]
(1)I would_rather_stay_at_home_than_go shopping.
我宁愿待在家里也不愿去购物。
(2)John wants to see me today. I would rather he came (come) tomorrow than today.
约翰今天想来看我。我宁愿他明天来而不是今天。
(3)I would rather you hadn't_known it.
我宁愿你不知道这件事。
[析用法规则]
用法归纳
(1)would rather常用于以下句型：

(2)would rather 后跟宾语从句时，从句用虚拟语气：


[背写作佳句]
(1)(2010·安徽高考写作佳句)I would rather turn off the TV than switch off my cell or cut off the internet.(开头句)
(2)(2015·浙江高考写作佳句)Most of my classmates wanted to go for a picnic, but I would rather go to a museum.(要点句)

[词块、句式过关综合训练]　
Ⅰ.选词填空
on the run, touch on, in tune, consist of, live up to, come to one's rescue, appeal to, be bent on doing sth.
1．I can't spend a month talking about simple living and not touching_on the subject of money.
2．All electronic computers consist_of five units although they are of different kinds.
3．Just make sure you are in_tune with your intuition while making these decisions.
4．When a bully teased me, he came_to_my_rescue right away.
5．The company is appealing_to everyone to save power and water.
6．No matter what you may say, I am_bent_on doing what I think is right.
7．With a lot of debts to pay off, Helen is keeping on_the_run every day.
8．These general principles are widely known, but it isn't easy to live_up_to them.
Ⅱ.完成句子/一句多译
1．我宁愿我没在会议上说过那件事。
I'd_rather_I_hadn't_said_that at the meeting.
2．老师提高了嗓门以便别人能听到他的声音。
The teacher raised his voice to_make_himself_heard.
3．在医生使用新治疗方案之后，我的父亲被治愈了。
My father got_cured after the doctor used a new treatment.
4．为了过低碳生活，越来越多的人宁愿骑自行车，也不愿开车。
①To live a low­carbon life, more and more people would_rather_ride_a_bicycle_than_
drive.(would rather ... than)
②To live a low­carbon life, more and more people would_ride_a_bicycle_rather_than_
drive.(would ... rather than)
③To live a low­carbon life, more and more people prefer_to_ride_a_bicycle_rather_than_
drive.(prefer ... rather than)
④To live a low­carbon life, more and more people prefer_riding_a_bicycle_to_
driving.(prefer ... to ...)
Ⅲ.分步写作
假定你是李华，你的英国网友Peter上周在邮件中提到想阅读中国著名的小说，就此请你用英语给他写封回信。内容包括：
1．推荐一本小说；
2．此书内容简介；
3．给出阅读建议。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Peter，
I'm very glad to know that you have interest in Chinese novels. 　

　

Yours，
Li Hua
第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点
本文属于应用文写作中的电子邮件，时态为一般现在时，人称为第一、二人称。文章应分三个层次：开头应点明写信的目的，为推荐一本小说作铺垫(已给出)。主体部分应依据题目所给的三个要点进行构思：推荐一本小说并介绍其内容→给出阅读建议，其中内容介绍方面要表达准确，言之有物。最后，文章结尾应表达希望。
要点1－①：有许多著名的中文小说。(write)
There_are_so_many_famous_novels_written_in_Chinese.
要点1－②：我想向你推荐《红楼梦》。(recommend)
I'd like to recommend A Dream of Red Mansions to you.
要点1－③：它描述了一个爱情悲剧和大家庭的衰落。(decline)
It_describes_a_tragedy_about_love_and_the_decline_about_a_big_family.
要点2－①：这本书是用古汉语写的。你最好准备一本汉语词典以供查阅。(reference)
The_book_is_written_in_old_Chinese._You'd_better_get_a_Chinese_dictionary_ready_for_reference.
要点2－②：你应该预先了解一些有关清朝的背景。 (learn about, background)
You_should_learn_about_some_background_knowledge_about_Qing_Dynasty_in_advance.
要点3：希望你阅读愉快并通过阅读学到一些东西。(have fun)
I_wish_you_would_have_fun_and_learn_something_by_reading_it.
第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼
为使内容更充实，我们需要对要点进行适度拓展。例如要点1－①可对“有许多著名的中文小说”进行进一步说明，可添加“包括古典和现代小说”；要点1－②的表达显得单调干瘪、空洞无物，可以添加定语从句来介绍《红楼梦》的特点；要点1－③应进一步介绍该小说；要点2－①可以用定语从句来说明阅读的难度，并添加时间状语。
拓展1－①：有许多著名的中文小说，包括古典和现代小说。(including介词短语)
There_are_so_many_famous_novels_written_in_Chinese,_including_classical_novels_and_modern_novels.
拓展1－②：我想向你推荐《红楼梦》，它很有趣，优秀得无可比拟。(which引导的定语从句， beyond comparison)
I'd_like_to_recommend_A_Dream_of_Red_Mansions_to_you,_which_is_an_interesting_novel_and_is_excellent_beyond_comparison.
拓展1－③：它以贾宝玉和林黛玉的爱情故事为基础，描述了一个爱情悲剧和大家庭的衰落，揭露了社会危机。(过去分词短语作状语，which引导的定语从句)
Based_on_Jia_Baoyu_and_Lin_Daiyu's_love_story,_it_describes_a_tragedy_about_love_and_the_decline_about_a_big_family,_which_exposes_the_social_crisis.
拓展2－①：这本书是用古汉语写的，理解起来有些难。当你读的时候，最好准备一本汉语词典以供查阅。 (which引导的定语从句， when引导时间状语从句)
The_book_is_written_in_old_Chinese,_which_is_difficult_to_understand._When_you_read_it,_you'd_better_get_a_Chinese_dictionary_ready_for_reference._
拓展2－②：我建议你预先了解一些有关清朝的背景。(主句使用I suggest)
I_suggest_that_you_should_learn_about_some_background_knowledge_about_Qing_Dynasty_in_advance.
第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡
本写作可采用三段式作文，开头点出写信目的；中间要点用generally, so, in addition等词汇进行衔接；结尾表示祝福与期待。
Dear_Peter，
I'm_very_glad_to_know_that_you_have_interest_in_Chinese_novels._Generally_there_are_so_many_famous_novels_written_in_Chinese,_including_classical_novels_and_modern_novels.
I'd_like_to_recommend_A_Dream_of_Red_Mansions_to_you,_which_is_an_interesting_novel_and_is_excellent_beyond_comparison._Based_on_Jia_Baoyu_and_Lin_Daiyu's_love_story,_it_describes_a_tragedy_about_love_and_the_decline_about_a_big_family,_which_exposes_the_social_crisis.
The_book_is_written_in_old_Chinese,_which_is_difficult_to_understand._So_when_you_read_it,_you'd_better_get_a_Chinese_dictionary_ready_for_reference._In_addition,_I_suggest_that_you_should_learn_about_some_background_knowledge_about_Qing_Dynasty_in_advance._I_wish_you_would_have_fun_and_learn_something_by_reading_it.
Yours，
Li_Hua

掌握阅读技能之(三)　复现
复现是完形文章中词汇的一种衔接手段，即表达相同意思的词汇在文章的不同地方出现。复现可以是相同的词重复出现，也可以是用不同的词表达相同的意思。

一、复现在命题中的运用——指明阅读方向
1．挖空的词大多是未挖空词的再现和重复
一般来说，在一篇完整的文章中，单词和语句共同构成一张语义网络。在这个语义网络里，很多词都有不同形式的再现和重复。命题组的老师根据文章上下文构成的语义场，选取那些重复的词、那些在其他地方有或明或暗提示的词。有选择地找出那些词，将它们挖掉，供考生处理的空格也就出来了。

[高考典例]　(2014·山东卷)So in 1887, she appealed to the Manitoba Legislature to__38__a licence to her but they, too, refused. Charlotte 39(continued) to practise without a licence until 1912. She died four years later at the age of 73.
In 1993, 77 years after her40(death),_a medical licence was issued to Charlotte.
38．A.sell　　 B．donate　　　
C．issue　　　 D．show
解析：选C　命题人之所以挖38空是因为下文40空后有“a medical licence was issued to Charlotte”，38空的issue正是此句中“issued”的词汇复现。
2．未设空的文字一定是重要线索
一篇二、三百词的文章挖空后，不能影响到考生对全文大意和主旨的把握。为了保证题目可解，待选空格的内容实际上必须要在保留的残缺不全的文章中给出提示，这就是命题者遵循的“重复原则”。依据这一原则，每一个空格所对应的正确选项应该在文章中其他句子或段落中有所再现和重复，“重复原则”是完形填空解题的出发点和落脚点。

[高考典例]　(2014·重庆卷)Also be cautious about expressing __34__. Getting angry in Southeast Asia just makes you look silly.
34．A.emotions B．concern
C．interest D．views
解析：选A　命题人之所以挖此空格，是因为34空后的句子“Getting angry in Southeast Asia just makes you look silly.”为本空的解题提供重要的线索，即getting angry是一种情感(emotion)。
二、复现在解题中的运用——提高阅读能力
复现是一种语境衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等形式，重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的复现现象来选择正确的答案。

1．原词复现——在上下文中同一词汇重复出现
[高考典例]　(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits ...
... I managed to get an A in that __53__ and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the 54(classroom).
53．A.game B．presentation
C．course D．experiment
分析：本题可以利用原词复现解题。根据选文首句中的“the education department was offering a ‘free’ course”可知，“我”设法在那门“课程”上获得了A，此处是course的原词复现，故选C项。
2．同/近义词复现——意思相同、相近的表达方式，或者解释性的词汇复现
[高考典例]　(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)The baby was born and update texts were 47(coming_in) quickly from the overjoyed grandmother, Teresa.In her __48__， she didn't seem to realize that she was 49(sharing) the baby's photos with a complete stranger.
48．A.opinion B．anxiety
C．excitement D．effort
分析：本题可以利用近义词复现解题。根据上文中的“the overjoyed grandmother”可知，此处填入的词应与“overjoyed (欣喜若狂的)”在语义范畴上一致，故选C项。

3．同根词复现——词形变化的词汇复现
[高考典例]　(2016·北京卷)It was a cold January in 1925 in Nome, Alaska.The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.
...
How could the medicine get to Nome? The town's 39(harbor) was already full of ice, so it couldn't come by ship.Cars and horses couldn't travel on the __40__roads.
40．A.narrow B．snowy
C．busy D．dirty
分析：本题可以利用同根词复现解题。根据选文第一段可知，大雪覆盖了道路，切断了小镇与外界的联系，故汽车和马无法在满是雪的(snowy)道路上行进，空格处与第一段最后一个单词snow是同根词复现。故选B。

4．上下义词复现——总括与分述的词汇复现
[高考典例]　(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport, I figured it all out.Rani's __59__— her warm smile, her nods, her ‘I'm here for you’ 60(attitude) — were all silent signals that didn't travel through wires.
59．A.forgiveness B．eagerness
C．friendliness D．skillfulness
分析：本题可以利用上下义词复现解题。根据下文“她温暖的微笑，她的点头，她的‘我在这里为你我服务’的态度”等表明瑞妮很友好(friendliness)，故选C。其中smile，nod等是下义词(具体行为)，friendliness是上义词(概括)。
5．反义词——词义相反的词汇复现
[高考典例]　(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)I had advised the kids that while verbs (动词) may seem dull, most of the__50__things they do throughout their lives will be verbs.
50．A.simple 　 B．unique 　
C．fun D．clever
分析：本题可以利用反义词复现解题。根据前面的while(虽然)可知，空格处所在句与前面为转折关系，应填与dull(无聊的，枯燥无味的)意思上相反的词fun，表示“有趣的，令人快乐的”。故选C。