2021高三全国统考英语（话题版）一轮学案：第1编话题四Book3Unit3TheMillionPoundBankNote

 1．Excuse me for my long delay in returning to you your Robinson Crusoe, which I read through with great interest. 请原谅我迟迟未能归还您的那本《鲁滨逊漂流记》。这本书我读得津津有味。2．The reason why I recommend Three Days to See to you is that it can add to your courage especially when you face challenges.我给你推荐《假如给我三天光明》的原因是，它可以给你带来勇气，尤其是当你遇到挑战的时候。3．If you want to have a better understanding of Chinese history, I think Historical Records is highly recommended.如果你想更进一步了解中国的历史，我强烈推荐《史记》这本书。4．Last Friday, my classmates and I went to the primary school nearby to teach Three Character Classic, helping the students know about Guoxue.上周五，我和同学一起去附近的小学教《三字经》，帮助学生了解国学。 自主排查 夯基固本Ⅰ　核心单词(1)scene (n.) (戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色→scenery (n.) 景色(2)permit (vt.& vi.) 许可；允许；准许 (n.) 通行证；许可证；执照→permission (n.) 允许；许可→permitted (过去式/过去分词)(3)stare (vi.) 凝视；盯着看(4)spot (vt.) 发现；认出 (n.) 斑点；污点；地点→spotted (过去式/过去分词)(5)account (vi.& vt.) 认为；说明；总计有 (n.) 说明；理由；计算；账目(6)seek (vt.& vi.) 寻找；探索；寻求→sought (过去式/过去分词)(7)contrary (n.) 反面；对立面 (adj.) 相反的；相违的(8)indeed (adv.) 真正地；确实；实在Ⅱ　阅读单词(1)birthplace (n.) 出生地；故乡(2)novel (n.) 小说；长篇故事 (adj.) 新奇的；异常的(3)adventure (n.) 奇遇；冒险(4)wander (vi.) 漫游；漫步；漂泊(5)businessman (n.) 商人(6)fault (n.) 过错；缺点；故障(7)passage (n.) 船费(包括食宿)；通道；(一)段(8)embassy (n.) 大使馆；大使及其官员(9)patience (n.) 耐性；忍耐(10)envelope (n.) 信封(11)unbelievable (adj.) 难以置信的(12)manner (n.) 礼貌；举止；方式(13)scream (vi.) 尖声叫 (n.) 尖叫声；喊叫声　[单句语法填空]1．It is bad ________ (manner) to talk loudly in public in Western countries.答案：manners2．With your ________ (permit), I will carry out the project as soon as possible.答案：permission3．It was a long time before he ________ (spot) Alice.答案：spotted4．What are you ________ (stare) at?答案：staring5．He's a good teacher, and he does have much ________ (patient) with the slower pupils.答案：patience6．He ____________ (seek) through the house but found nothing.答案：sought7．It's ________ (believe) that the event repeated itself years later in the same place.答案：unbelievable8．He's looking for an ________ (adventure) companion to go backpacking with in China.答案：adventurous9．We spent the morning ________ (wander) around the old part of the city, Beijing Hutongs.答案：wandering10．When the hero got out of the car, her fans were all ________ (scream), trying to give her flowers.答案：screaming 联想积累1．各行业的“家”①novelist    小说家　　 ②pianist    钢琴家③chemist    化学家   ④artist    艺术家⑤physicist 物理学家   ⑥scientist 科学家⑦biologist 生物学家2．聚焦“允许”与“禁止”①allow vt. 允许②permit v．& n. 允许；许可证③permission n. 允许；许可④admit v. 允许……进入⑤admission n. 准许……进入⑥forbid vt. 禁止⑦prohibit vt. 禁止⑧ban vt.& n. 禁止；禁令3．“金融”术语①budget n. 预算   ②account n. 账目；账户③capital n. 资金；资本   ④withdraw vt. 提取⑤cheque n. 支票   ⑥interest n. 利息⑦finance n. 财政；金融1．bring_up　抚养；培养；教育；提起；呕吐2．go_ahead  前进；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说3．by_accident  偶然；无意中；不小心4．stare_at  凝视；盯着看5．account_for  说明(原因、理由等)；解释6．on the contrary   恰恰相反；正相反7．take a chance   冒险8．in rags   衣衫褴褛9．as for   关于；至于　[选词填空]on the contrary， bring up， by accident， take a chance， stare at， account for1．I don't think it will work, but I'll ________ and try it.答案：take a chance2．The boy ________ the toy in the shopping window, begging his mother to buy it for him.答案：stared at3．It doesn't seem ugly to me; ________， I think it's rather beautiful.答案：on the contrary4．Born into a family with three brothers, David was ________ to value the sense of sharing.答案：brought up5．Carelessness ________ his failure in the exam.答案：accounted for6．I ran into an old friend ________ in my workplace yesterday.答案：by accident 联想积累1．“动词＋at”短语荟萃①stare at 盯着看；凝视②glare at 怒目而视③glance at 看一眼……；瞥一眼④laugh at 嘲笑⑤arrive at 到达⑥work at 致力于；努力改善⑦gaze at 凝视2．“故意”还是“偶然”①by accident 偶然；无意中　 ②by chance 偶然地③by design 故意地   ④on purpose 故意地 课文原句句式梳理仿写训练The next morning I'd just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。had just done ... when ... “刚刚……突然……”；was/were doing ... when ... “正在做……突然……”；was about to do ... /was on the point of doing ... when ... “正要……突然……”。This morning, I was jogging in the park _____________ an old man practising T'ai Chi.今天早上我正在公园慢跑，突然看到一位老人在打太极。 答案：when I caught sight of 直击重点 突破考点①　spot　vt. 发现；认出　n. 斑点；污点；地点(P18)(1)单句语法填空①My father ________ (spot) several spelling mistakes in my composition just now.②Someone spotted him ________ (leave) the building soon afterwards.③The windscreen was ________ (spot) with rain.答案：①spotted　②leaving　③spotted(2)单句写作The police were called and they were __________________ within three minutes.警方接到报告，不到3分钟就赶到了现场。答案：on the spotspot sb. doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事on the spot 当场；在现场；立即be spotted with 满是……的斑点 ②　account　vi.& vt.  认为；说明；总计有　n. 说明；计算；理由；账目(P18)单句写作①Be careful to correct the mistakes, for you will have to ________________ the misprints in the article.认真修改错误，因为你必须对文章中的印刷错误负责。②We should ______________________ and then make a decision.我们应该把他的健康考虑在内，然后再作决定。③He was granted special admission ______________ his effort.由于他自己的努力，他被破格录取。④______________ will we break our promise once we make it.一旦我们作出承诺，就决不允许违背。答案：①account for　②take his health into account③on account of　④On no account(1)account for    是……的原因；解释(2)on account of    由于；因为on no account    决不(置于句首时，用部分倒装)take ... into account＝take account of 考虑到…… ③　seek　vt.& vi. (sought, sought)寻找；探索；寻求(P18)(1)单句语法填空①________ (seek) to find out the real cause of the accident was what he was eager to do.②The special medicine for the disease wasn't found though ________ (seek) everywhere.答案：①Seeking　②sought(2)单句写作At the age of twenty, he decided to ________________________(到加拿大闯荡)．答案：seek his fortune in Canadaseek to do sth. 设法做某事seek one's fortune 外出寻找发财机会；外出闯荡；闯世界 ①　bring up抚养；培养；教育；提出(P17)(1)单句改错You can bring out your suggestion at the next meeting.______________________________________________________________答案：out→up(2)单句写作①They have very definite ideas on how to ____________ children.关于如何培养孩子，他们有非常明确的想法。②He saw music as a way to ______________ political change.他将音乐看作是一种可导致政治变革的方式。③By looking for the best in others, you indirectly ______________ the best in yourself.通过看到他人的优点，你将间接地显示出一个最好的你。答案：①bring up　②bring about　③bring outbring about 引起；导致；造成bring back 恢复(某事物)；带回来；使回忆起bring down 使降下；降落；降低(价格)bring out 使显示；出版；生产bring in 推行；引入；使赚到；吸引(顾客) ②　go ahead前进；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说(P18)(1)单句改错The government intends to go ahead its previous plan._________________________________________________________答案：ahead后加with(2)单句写作①If you insist on leaving now, please ____________.如果你坚持要现在走，那就请便吧。②She ____________ a lot of hardships in her childhood.她童年时期受过很多的苦难。③I'm going to ____________ the final examination next week.下周我将参加期末考试。答案：①go ahead　②went through　③go in forgo ahead with 开始做，着手做go about 开始做某事go through 经历；遭受go up (温度、价格等)上升go in for 参加考试/竞赛；对某事物感兴趣go all out 鼓足干劲，全力以赴 ③　take a chance 冒险(P22)单句语法填空①The guide book didn't mention there being any hotels, but we decided to take ________ chance.②Nothing happens ________ chance or by means of good luck.③I shouldn't look forward too much to seeing Grace at the party; the chances are ________ she won't come anyway.答案：①a　②by　③that(1)take a chance＝take chances 碰运气(2)by chance＝by accident 偶然；碰巧(3)(The) chances are that ... 很可能……There is a chance that ... 可能……(4)have a chance to do sth. 有机会做某事 ①　[教材原句]Well, towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.(P18)嗯，傍晚时分我发现自己被一阵大风刮到海上去了。单句语法填空①She turned around and found a man ________ (stare) at her.②Some students find ________ really difficult to understand English grammar.答案：①staring　②itfind后接复合宾语，carried out为过去分词短语，在句中作宾语补足语，表被动。find的复合宾语结构如下：(1)find＋ (2)find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do (it是形式宾语，to do是真正的宾语) ②　[教材原句]You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like.(P22)您什么时候想来就来，想吃什么就吃什么。(1)单句语法填空①(2018·天津高考)The gold medal will be awarded to ________ wins the first place in the bicycle race.②It's unwise to give children ________ they want.答案：①whoever　②whatever(2)单句改错I truly believe what beauty comes from within.____________________________________________________________答案：what→that或去掉what(1)本句中whenever引导让步状语从句，意为“无论何时”，相当于no matter when; whatever引导宾语从句。(2)在句子中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句(Object Clause)。引导宾语从句的连接词主要有三类：连词that, whether, if；连接代词what, who, whose, whatever, whichever, whoever等；连接副词when, where, why, how等。 课文回练 升华运用Sailing home, Henry, __1__ American businessman, found himself __2__ (carry) out to sea by a strong wind. He was just about to give himself up when he __3__ (spot) by a ship and so he landed in London by accident. __4__ (hunger) and alone, he was walking in the streets of the city when he was __5__ (unexpected)  called into a mansion, where two rich brothers, Oliver and Roderick, gave him a letter and told him not to open it __6__ two o'clock of the day. Not __7__ (know) it was a million pound bank note, Henry left the mansion and went into a cheap restaurant to stuff his stomach. Everybody was rude to him __8__ he was in rags and looked depressed. Then, to the surprise of everybody, he handed the owner a million pound bank note to pay for the meal. __9__ seeing the note, all the people in the restaurant became polite and tried their __10__ (well) to please Henry. Don't you think it's the most incredible tale in the world?1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________答案：1.an　2.carried　3.was spotted　4.Hungry　5.unexpectedly　6.until　7.knowing　8.because/as　9.On　10.best 基础达标 自主训练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2018·北京高考)She and her family bicycle to work, ________ helps them keep fit.答案：which　引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语。2．(2018·天津高考)It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house ________ we saw Lily in the passenger seat.答案：that　“It  is/was ... that ... ”是强调句型。3．Today I will introduce Charles Dickens to you, the great nineteenth century English ________ (novel)．答案：novelist　novelist名词，意为“小说家”。4．The rules of the school do not permit ________ (park) near the school gate.答案：parking　permit doing sth. “允许做某事”。5．We tried ________ (seek) an answer to the question, but couldn't find one.答案：to seek　try to seek sth. “努力去寻找某物”。6．The best way to experience hutong life is simply ________ (wander) around the alleys, either on foot or by bicycle.答案：to wander　不定式短语，在本句中作表语，说明主语的具体内容。7．It is very important to teach their children how to deal with others' kindness and ________ (rude)．答案：rudeness　由“kindness and”可知应用所给词的名词形式rudeness。8．She lay on the grass, staring at the sky ________ (spot) with stars.答案：spotted　be spotted with “布满着……”，此处应用过去分词短语作后置定语。9．The reason why he asked for two days' leave is ________ he had to take care of his sick son.答案：that　The reason why ... is that ... “……的原因是……”为固定句式。10．The results are quite contrary ________ my expectations, and it's really frustrating.答案：to　be contrary to “与……正好相反”。Ⅱ.单句写作1．____________ (相反), the 24 solar terms (二十四节气)  have had  a great effect on Chinese people's lives for thousands of years.答案：On the contrary2．________ (至于) my family rules, being honest and kind should be put in the first place. 答案：As for3．Diligence __________________ his achieving success. 勤奋是他取得成功的原因。答案：accounted for4．_____________________________________________________________我们躺在草地上，目光盯着天上的星星。(stare at)答案：We were lying on the grass, staring at the stars in the sky.5．_______________________________________________________________那天我碰巧遇到了那位艺术家。答案：That day I came across the artist by accident.Ⅲ.语法填空Being raised in a family of teachers, I __1__ (get) plenty of chances to connect myself with literature since a young age. So I have many stories about me and reading.It was my father who took me on the road to reading and made me appreciate __2__ (it) beauty. When I was a little girl, he bought me a book __3__ (name) Romance of the Three Kingdoms. I was too young to read this difficult work, so my father explained it to me __4__ (patient). From then on, I started to enjoy reading books.When I became a middle school student, I began to read some simplified English classics on my own. Sometimes, I would write down my thoughts and __5__ (feel)and share them with my father. Among all the books that I read during my middle school years, Jane Eyre left the __6__ (deep) impression on me. I was having some difficulties with my studies at that time, __7__ Jane Eyre's persistence (坚持) and courage inspired me a lot. Thanks  to  my  reading  habit, I  managed __8__ (overcome) the difficulties of my studies.Now, I'm a senior high school student and very busy with my studies. But I still keep on reading in my spare time. My mother told me that I should be absorbed __9__ my studies, but from my point of view, I regard reading as an oasis (绿洲) that can make me relax.Recently, I thought about the benefits __10__ reading could bring us. Reading can clear our minds and motivate us. In addition, we may broaden our horizons and gain more knowledge through reading. I hope that my story can inspire you to start your own reading adventure.1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述了作者的阅读故事，鼓励大家多读书。1．have got/gotten　考查动词的时态。由句中的时间状语“since a young age (自从小时候以来)”可知，句子用现在完成时。2．its　考查代词。修饰名词一般用形容词，本句中表示“阅读的美”故用形容词性物主代词its修饰名词beauty，作定语。3．named　考查非谓语动词。name和句子谓语bought之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且a book和name之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。4．patiently　考查词性转换。本句中应用副词patiently修饰动词explained。5．feelings　考查词性转换。根据and可知，此处与thoughts并列，故用名词形式，feeling在本句中意为“看法，意见”为可数名词，故填feelings。6．deepest　考查形容词的最高级。与“Among all the books”和定冠词the呼应，此处用形容词的最高级形式，修饰名词impression。7．but　考查连词。根据语境可知，上下文语意之间为转折关系，故用连词but。8．to overcome　考查非谓语动词。固定搭配manage to do sth.意为“设法完成某事”，故填不定式。9．in　考查介词。固定搭配be absorbed in sth.意为“专注于某事”，故用介词in。10．that/which　考查定语从句的引导词。所填词引导定语从句，从句修饰先行词the benefits，关系词在从句中作宾语，故应填that/which。Ⅳ.短文改错(2019·湖南省三湘名校教育联盟高三第一次大联考)Last Sunday, my family went for walk in a nearby park. We wanted to breathe the fresh air and having fun there. However when going out, we find it was cloudy and smoggy. Only a few people were walking quick on the streets wearing their masks. I was wondering why was the matter when my little brother began to cough loudly. Suddenly I realized that it was air pollution. So we had to go to home that day. Smoke from cars, buses, and factories make the air dirty，that is harmful to our health. I think they all should do some thing to keep the air clean.答案：Last Sunday, my family went for  walk in a nearby park. We wanted to breathe the fresh air and  fun there. However when going out, we  it was cloudy and smoggy. Only a few people were walking  on the streets wearing their masks. I was wondering  was the matter when my little brother began to cough loudly. Suddenly I realized that it was air pollution. So we had to go  home that day. Smoke from cars, buses, and factories  the air dirty,  is harmful to our health. I think  all should do some  to keep the air clean.难项分析：第一处：walk前加a　考查固定短语。go for a walk “散步”。句意：上周日，我们一家去附近的公园散步。第五处：why→what　考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：我想知道发生了什么事情。这里连接一个宾语从句，且在从句中作主语，意为“什么”，所以why改为what。第七处：make→makes　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。表示一个客观的事实，用一般现在时；smoke作“烟雾”讲时，是不可数名词，所以谓语动词用单数，故将make改为makes。