2021高三英语人教版一轮教师用书：选修8Unit5Meetingyourancestors

三言两语1．I feel proud of knowing your interest in Chinese history.2．The Yeti is said to be a large，hairy animal that walks on two feet like a human being.3．We can know more about the life of great people as well as history and cultures of other countries.1．在古代，中国经历了夏、商等大约20个朝代。In ancient times，China got through about 20 dynasties，such as the Xia Dynasty，the Shang Dynasty and so on.2．古代中国是人类文明最早的中心之一。Ancient China was one of the earliest centers of human civilization.[单词　拼写应用]核心单词1．alternative n．可能的选择adj.供选择的； 其他的2．regardless adv.不管；不顾3．somehow adv.以……方式；不知怎么地4．skilful adj.有技巧的；熟练的5．arrest vt.逮捕；吸引n．逮捕；拘留6．spit vt.吐出(唾液、食物等)vi.吐痰7．applaud vi.&vt.鼓掌欢迎；赞赏[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空1．What's worse, they spat/spit (spit) and even threw rubbish into the lake, totally ignoring the noticeable sign “No Littering” nearby.2．He was arrested (arrest) for spreading rumors on the Internet.3．(浙江卷)Amazed at how skilful(skill) they were，I was determined to be just as good.4．The moment the famous singer finished singing，the audiences stood up and applauded (applaud) warmly.拓展单词1．identify vt.确认；识别；鉴别→ identification n．辨认；鉴定；确定；身份证明→identity n．身份；一致；同一性2．starve vi.(使)挨饿；饿死→starvation n．挨饿；饿死 3．interrupt vt.&vi.打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止→ interruption n．打断；打岔；中止4．assume vt.假定；设想→assumption n．设想；假定；担任→assuming conj.假设5．sharp adj.锋利的→ sharpen vi.& vt.(使)锋利；尖锐；清晰；削尖→sharpener n．磨具；削具；铅笔刀6．mess n．凌乱；脏→messy adj.凌乱的；脏的 7．analysis n．分析→analyses (pl.)→ analyse vt.分析8．significant adj.重要的→ significance n．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义 [语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空1．After the identification of victim's appearance and age, the police identified that the identity of the killer.(identify)2．If you interrupt others' conversation abruptly, you will be to blame for your interruption．(interrupt)3．The old man was starved to death.People felt pity for his starvation．(starve)4．I have been so busy that I have no time to clean the mess，so the house looks very messy．(mess)5．With the teacher's help, I analysed the data of this experiment.The teacher considered my analysis is reasonable.(analyse)6．The scientists think his invention is of great significance, because it is significant to cure the patients of deadly disease.(significant)阅读单词1．tentative adj.试探性的；不确定的2．acute adj.有观察力的；敏锐的；严重的；深刻的3．ample adj.足够的；充足的；富裕的4．primitive adj.原始的；远古的；简陋的5．ripen vt.& vi.使……成熟；成熟6．gay adj.快乐的；欢快的7．dizzy adj.头晕目眩的；眩晕的；使人发晕或困惑的8．accelerate vi.& vt.加速；促进9．category n．种类；类别；范畴10．howl vt.& vi.嗥叫；叫喊；吼叫n．长嚎；嗥叫11．delete vt.删；删除 12．accuracy n．精确；准确 13.division n．划分；分割；分配；分界线14．systematic adj.有系统的；有计划的；有条理的15．scratch n．(刮、抓、划的)痕迹；搔；挠vt.搔；抓；擦伤；刮坏16．pulse vi.强烈而有规律地跳动；搏动n．脉搏；节拍17．worship vt.&vi.崇拜；敬奉n．崇拜；敬神1．To preserve natural habitats, biologists expected the government to make laws that would arrest commercial development in these areas.阻止；遏止2．If there is no president, power will be assumed by the most extremist forces.掌管；夺取[短语　多维应用]高频短语1．at most至多；最多2．be aware of 知道；意识到3．regardless of不管；不顾4．date back (to ...) 追溯到；始于5．keep out 关在门外；不准入内[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)Last Sunday，our class visited the history museum in our city regardless ①of the hot weather.In the museum，we saw an old stone which was said to be a scraper used by our ancestors.The stone scraper dates back ②to the Xia Dynasty.When we were told its use，we were aware ③of our ancestors' wisdom.6．cut up切碎7．look ahead向前看；为将来打算8．scare...away把……吓跑9．fed up with受够了；饱受；厌烦10．with/in relief 轻松地；如释重负地[语境运用]　(填入一个适当的词)The announcer also explained that the stone scraper could be used to cut ④up the meat.Besides，our ancestors had learned to scare the beasts ⑤away．However，they were fed up ⑥with their life，so they had to look ⑦ahead.[句式　结构仿写]教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1．if only ...意为“要是……就好了”If only she had looked ahead and planned better this year！看看我面临的麻烦。要是我听了你的建议就好了。Look at the trouble I am in.If only I had followed your advice.2.had done...when...表示“刚刚……这时……”She had almost reached her destination when a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped.他刚走进教室， 这时铃声响了。He had just entered the classroom when the bell rang.1．alternative adj.供选择的；其他的 n．可能的选择；选择对象(1)have no alternative but to do sth.别无选择只好做某事an alternative to...……的替代物(to是介词)(2)alternatively adv. 可供选择地alternative ways/approaches/methods to learning可供选择的学习方法an alternative to traditional teaching methods 代替传统的教学方法[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ①(湖北卷)As there is less and less coal and oil, scientists are exploring new ways of making use of alternative(alternatively) energy, such as sunlight, wind and water for power and fuel.②The Internet also provides us with a cheap alternative to communicating (communicate) with others.[链接写作]——一句多译(福建卷)失败乃成功之母。有时候，为了成功，我们不得不勇敢地直面失败并从中吸取教训。①Failure is the mother of success.Sometimes, in order to succeed, we have no alternative but to face failure bravely and learn from it.②Failure is the mother of success.Sometimes, in order to succeed, we have no choice but to face failure bravely and learn from it.[名师点津]　“别无选择只得……”的表达方式还有：have no choice but to do；cannot (help) but do；can do nothing but do。在这些结构中若but之前出现实义动词do的某种形式 (does，did，done)，but之后要用省略to的不定式，否则，but之后的to不能省略。2．interrupt vt.&vi.打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止(1)interrupt sb./sth.(with sth.) (因某事)打断某人/某事(2)interruption n．打扰，插嘴，打岔；阻断物without interruption连续地，不断地interrupt the speaker演讲者be interrupted by a knock at the door被敲门声打断了[基础练习]——单句语法填空①a.(湖北卷)You shouldn't have interrupted (interrupt) the meeting to tell me that；you could have come to tell me afterward.　b．There was a knock at the door.It was the second time someone had interrupted (interrupt) me that evening.②Heavy smog and fog continued to hit many parts of east and north China, causing traffic interruptions (interrupt)．[链接写作]——完成句子她连续几年坚持体育锻炼。She has kept up physical training for several years without interruption．[名师点津]　interrupt突然中断、打断他人的言语或行为，使其不能继续，侧重打断。disturb较正式的用词，多用被动语态。指“扰乱”，使人不能平静或妨碍别人工作、思维或正常秩序，是程度较深的打扰。3．assume vt.设想；假定；认为；承担(1)assume that...假定，认为……assume...to be...认为……是……；假定……是……(2)assuming that假定……(作状语) (3)assumption n．假定；假设assume the worst做最坏的假设assume responsibility承担责任[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(江苏卷)Where unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed (assume) that the latter is due to the former.②(2018·江苏卷)Try to understand what's actually happening instead of acting on the assumption (assume) you've made.[链接写作]——词汇升级(普通表达)If I am chosen to be a volunteer at Beijing Winter Olympic Games, I will serve the people heart and soul.(高级表达)Assuming (that) I am chosen to be a volunteer at Beijing Winter Olympic Games, I will serve the people heart and soul.4．date back (to...)(＝date from)追溯到……；始于out of date过时的；陈旧的up to date最新式的；现代的to date (＝so far)迄今；至今；到目前为止fix/set a date for确定……的日期[基础练习]——单句语法填空①a.The old town dates (date) back to the late seventeenth century.　b. Dating (date)back to 300 years ago，the stone house is well preserved.②a.(天津卷)The dictionary is out of date: many words have been added to the language since it was published.　b．I have had many books on literature to date, but none of them are up to date.　c．As far as I know, they have set the date for the meeting.[链接写作]——句式升级(普通表达)The festival is held in November every year.It dates back to the Ming Dynasty to celebrate the harvest in autumn.(高级表达)The festival dating back to the Ming Dynasty to celebrate the harvest in autumn is held in November every year．(分词短语作定语)[名师点津]　date back to/date from常用于一般现在时，不用于被动语态。常用其现在分词形式作后置定语。5. [教材佳句]If only she had looked ahead and planned better this year！她今年要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！[句法句式]句中if only引导状语从句，常常表示强烈的愿望或遗憾，意为“要是……就好了/但愿……”。从句中要用虚拟语气。(1)表示与现在事实相反的愿望时用if only sb.did/were ...(2)表示与过去事实相反的愿望时用if only sb.had done ...(3)表示对将来事情的愿望用if only sb.would/could/might do ...[金句推送]　(重庆卷)If only I could go back and reset my goals.要是我能回去重新制定我的目标就好了。[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ①Now many children are abandoned to computer games.If only they had (have) interest in reading books.②If only I would/could/might be(be) able to study at a key university next year.③It's too bad that I failed in the English exam.If only I had worked(work) hard at it.[链接写作]——完成句子 ①只有通过使用英语的方法学英语，你才能学好它。Only if you learn English by using it can you learn it well．②要是我能生活在一个没有空气污染的世界就好了。If only I could live in a world free of air pollution! [名师点津]　only if中的only仅起强调作用，意为“只有……才……，只要……就……”。另外，“only＋状语”位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。多维训练——夯实基础维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空1．I am not accustomed to being interrupted (interrupt) when studying or working, so please remember this and don't do it again.2．There were so many cars held up by the heavy rain on the road that we had no alternative but to wait (wait)．3．(朗文辞典)Assuming (assume) that the proposal is accepted, when are we going to get the money?4．If only I had looked (look) ahead a few days ago! Then I wouldn't have been feeling so worried now.5．Every year, a good many tourists are attracted to visit the old tower dating (date) back to the eleventh century.维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词6．I am fed up with this weather; it's time we had some sunshine.7．The Internet is a wonderful discovery, which I think is of great significance to people's lives.8．She had almost reached her destination when something arrested her attention and she braked sharply.9．There was only one piece of candy, so she cut it up into little pieces and gave them to the children.10．I believe everyone, regardless of age or background, can come up with new ideas and excellent insights.维度3——查缺补漏11．The escaped prisoner got arrested(arrest) immediately he turned up at the railway station and was sent to prison again.12．In contrast to our ignorance of saving food, many people especially those in poverty­stricken areas are suffering from starvation (starve)．13．Having finished all the housework, Mary dropped herself into the sofa, sighing with/in relief.14．Nothing in the room is in a mess, so I think they couldn't have searched it.15．The mechanic (机械师) who wishes to do his work well, must first sharpen (sharp) his tools.语篇练习——提升能力提能一　单元话题语篇练根据P38—39教材课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式A group of students from England has come to the Zhoukoudian caves for a visit.1．An archaeologist is showing them round.The archaeologists have been excavating here for many years.After 2.finding(find) human and animal bones in those caves higher up the hill as well as tools and other objects, they think 3.it is reasonable to assume some of the earliest people lived in these caves, 4.regardless(regard) of the cold.They also discovered fireplaces in the centre of the caves 5.where they made fires.That would have kept them warm, cooked the food and scared wild beasts away as well.Some evidence suggests that our ancestors did wear clothes 6．made(make) from animal skins.They even used sharpened stone tools 7．to cut(cut) up animals and remove their skin.The archaeologist also 8.shows(show) the students a primitive necklace preserved quite well.Indeed, as the botanical analyses have 9.specially(special) shown us, all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake.Perhaps there was trade between early peoples or they 10.travelled(travel) to the seaside on their journeys.提能二　单元话题写作练1．补全要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)①李华是一名高三学生，他对每天无休止的练习感到厌烦。Li Hua, a student of Senior Three, is fed up with the endless exercises every day.②他常常对自己说，“要是我现在是一名大学生该多好啊！”He often says to himself，“How I wish I were a college student！”③尽管他渴望能好好休息一下，但日复一日，他不得不埋头于学习中。Regardless of the fact that he is eager to have a good rest, he has to bury himself in study day after day.④展望未来，他明白考上一所名校对他来说意义重大。Looking ahead, he knows it is of great significance for him to enter a famous university.⑤除了努力学习，他别无选择。He has no alternative but to study hard.2．升级平淡句用if only虚拟语气句升级句②He often says to himself, “If only I were a college student！”3．衔接成美文(注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：and)Li Hua, a student of Senior Three, is fed up with the endless exercises every day. He often says to himself，“If only I were a college student！” Regardless of the fact that he is eager to have a good rest, he has to bury himself in study day after day. Looking ahead, he knows it is of great significance for him to enter a famous university, and he has no alternative but to study hard.