2021届高考英语人教版一轮创新教学案：第1编Book6Unit3　Ahealthylife

Unit 3　A healthy life


1．Early to bed and early to rise makes_us_healthy,_wealthy_and_happy.
早睡早起使我们健康、富有、快乐。
2．There is a person who plays an important role in my life, which_is_beyond_my_description.
有一个人在我生活中起了重要作用，这是我无法用语言描述的。
3．After crossing the finish line, I was so overjoyed to receive my classmates' celebratory high fives proudly, tears_of_happiness_streaming_down_my_cheeks.
跑过终点线，我欣喜若狂，骄傲地接受同学们的击掌祝贺，幸福的泪水流淌在双颊上。
4．With_their_heavy_burden_removed,_students can then keep normal mental health.
去除了繁重的负担，学生可以保持正常的心理健康。

自主排查 夯基固本

Ⅰ　核心单词
(1)abuse (n.& vt.) 滥用；虐待
(2)stress (n.) 压力；重音 (vt.) 加压力于；使紧张→stressful (adj.) 产生压力的；紧张的→stressed (adj.) 焦虑不安的
(3)ban (vt.) 禁止；取缔 (n.) 禁令；谴责
(4)due (adj.) 欠款的；预定的；到期的
(5)automatic (adj.) 无意识的；自动的→automatically (adv.) 无意识地；自动地
(6)mental (adj.) 精神的；智力的→mentally (adv.) 精神上；智力上→physical (反义词) (adj.) 身体的；肉体的
(7)effect (n.) 结果；效力→effective (adj.) 有效的
(8)strength (n.) 力量→strong (adj.) 强壮的→strengthen (vt.) 加强；巩固；使坚强 (vi.) 变强
(9)desperate (adj.) 绝望的；拼命的
(10)disappointed (adj.) 失望的；沮丧的→disappointing (adj.) 令人失望的→disappoint (vt.) 使失望；使扫兴→disappointment (n.) 失望；沮丧
(11)ashamed (adj.) 感到惭愧或羞耻的
(12)awkward (adj.) 局促不安的；笨拙的

Ⅱ　阅读单词
(1)tough (adj.) 困难的；强硬的
(2)addicted (adj.) 入了迷的；上了瘾的
(3)accustomed (adj.) 惯常的；习惯了的
(4)abnormal (adj.) 畸形的；异常的
(5)unfit (adj.) 不健康的；不合适的；不合格的
(6)illegal (adj.) 不合法的；违法的
(7)survival (n.) 幸存
(8)prejudice (n.) 偏见；成见
(9)judgement (n.) 看法；判决；判断
(10)embarrassed (adj.) 尴尬的；陷入困境的

　[单句语法填空]
1.The man had so little education that he was ________ (fit) for this job.
答案：unfit
2．This hot weather is ________ (normal) for February.
答案：abnormal
3．If you feel ________ (stress), you should have a rest.
答案：stressed
4．Punishing kids for their bad marks is ________ (mental) damaging.
答案：mentally
5．The film made all of us feel ________. It is really ________. (disappoint)
答案：disappointed; disappointing
6．He ________ (ban) from driving for 6 months.
答案：was banned
7．He really felt ________ (embarrass), but he handled it successfully.
答案：embarrassed

8．It is too soon to make a ________ (judge) about what the outcome will be.
答案：judgement
9．Every day the newspapers tell stories of children worldwide who ________ (abuse)．
答案：are abused
10．It will draw you closer together and it ________ (strengthen) the bond of your relationship.
答案：will strengthen

联想积累
1．否定前缀un­高频形容词一览
①unfit 不合适的；不健康的；不合格的
②unfair 不公平的
③unusual 不寻常的
④unfriendly 不友好的
⑤unfortunate 不幸的
⑥uncomfortable 不舒服的
⑦unimportant 不重要的
⑧unreasonable 不合理的；荒唐的
⑨unhappy 不快乐的
⑩unhealthy 不健康的
2．以­en后缀的高频动词集锦
①strengthen 加强
②shorten 缩短
③deepen 加深
④widen 加宽
⑤broaden 开拓；加宽
⑥lighten 减轻
⑦threaten 威胁
⑧sharpen 削尖
⑨lessen 减少
⑩weaken 削弱


1．due_to 由于……
2．be_addicted_to 对……有瘾
3．accustomed_to 习惯于……
4．decide_on 对……作出决定
5．feel_like_(doing) 想要(做)……
6．in spite of 不顾；不管
7．take risks/a risk 冒险
8．get into 陷入；染上(坏习惯)
9．at risk 处境危险；遭受危险

　[选词填空]
due to， in spite of， at risk， decide on， get into， be addicted to
1．He ________ coffee and cannot do anything in the morning until he's had some.
答案：is addicted to
2．He ________ the habit of taking notes when he is reading.
答案：got into
3．After graduating from university, Mary ________ a career in publishing.
答案：decided on
4．If we go to war, innocent lives will be put ________.
答案：at risk
5．________ the bad weather, I had fun meeting friends and relatives.
答案：In spite of
6．Most of them turned up on time; only Tom arrived late ________ the storm.
答案：due to

联想积累
1．get into相关短语面面观
①get into debt 背负债务
②get into trouble 陷入困境
③get into a panic 陷入恐慌
④get into the habit of 养成……习惯
2．“be＋过去分词＋to”必备短语一览
①be addicted to 对……有瘾
②be accustomed to 习惯于……
③be devoted to 献身于；专心于
④be opposed to 反对；不赞成
⑤be related to 与……有关
⑥be used to 习惯于
⑦be reduced to (某人)沦落为
⑧be exposed to 暴露；遭受


课文原句
句式梳理
仿写训练
As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically.
你知道，如果你反复做同一件事，你就会自动地去做。
As you know “你知道”，as引导定语从句。常见的表达还有：as is known(众所周知), as you can see(你可以看出), as is mentioned above(如上所述), as is often the case (情况常常如此)等。
____________________， anyone, regardless of age or level of fitness, can practice and benefit from T'ai Chi.
你知道，任何人，无论年龄或健康状况，都可以练习太极并从中受益。

答案：As you know

直击重点 突破考点

①stress　n. 压力；重音　vt. 加压力于；使紧张(P17)

(1)单句语法填空
①Things can easily go wrong when people are ________ stress.
②Nowadays more and more middle school students are getting ________ (stress) in their studies.
答案：①under　②stressed
(2)单句写作
He ________________________ receiving a good education at the meeting.
他在会议上强调了接受良好教育的重要性。
答案：stressed the importance of


(1)under stress 承受压力
suffer from stress 承受压力
lay/place/put stress on ... 强调……
(2)stress that ... 强调……
stress the importance of 强调……的重要性
(3)stressful adj. 产生压力的；紧张的(指物)
(4)stressed adj. 焦虑不安的；心力交瘁的(指人)[不用于名词前]

②addicted　adj. 入了迷的；上了瘾的(P18)

(1)单句语法填空
①You can always see young people and even adults ________ (addict) to the computer games.
②Addicted to ________ (play) the violin, he didn't notice it was raining outside.
答案：①addicted　②playing
(2)单句改错
It does not take long to become addicted on drugs.
_________________________________________________________________
答案：on→to
(3)单句写作
The treatment for people ______________ mobile phones includes exercising outdoors and communicating with others.
对沉迷手机的人的治疗方法包括户外锻炼和与人沟通。
答案：addicted to


(1)be/become/get addicted to (doing) sth. 沉溺于(做)某事
(2)addict n. 吸毒上瘾的人；对……着迷的人
TV/sports addict 电视/体育迷
(3)addiction n. 癖好；上瘾；热衷

“addict; addicted; addiction”等在表示“沉迷于/热衷于……”时，都和介词to连用。

③effect　n. 结果；影响；效力(P18)

单句语法填空
①While online shopping has changed our life, not all of its ________ (effect) have been positive.
②Although these measures are not ________ (effect) forever, they are vital for now.
③The medicine also has a positive effect ________ the heart and blood flow.
答案：①effects　②effective　③on


(1)have a big/no effect on 对……有很大/没有影响
take effect 开始实施；生效；见效
come into effect 生效；开始实施
bring/put sth. into effect 使生效；实行；实施
in effect 事实上；实际上；有效；在实施中
be of no effect 无效果的
side effect 副作用
(2)effective adj. 有效的；起作用的；实际的

④ashamed　adj. 感到惭愧或羞耻的(P19)

(1)单句语法填空
①I was ashamed ________ (tell) him that I had failed.
②Everyone cries sometimes—it is nothing to be ashamed ________.
答案：①to tell　②of
(2)单句写作
She ought to be thoroughly ______________ herself—talking to her mother like that!
她应该感到无地自容才对——她怎么能那样和她母亲说话！
答案：ashamed of


(1)be ashamed to be/do ... 耻于是/做……
feel/be ashamed of (doing) sth. 为(做)某事感到羞愧
be ashamed that ... 对……感到内疚
(2)shame n. 羞耻；羞愧；惭愧
It's a shame/pity that ... /What a shame/pity that ... ……真让人感到遗憾
What a shame！/It's a shame！/It's a pity! 真可惜！
(3)shameful adj. 可耻的；丢脸的

①accustomed to 习惯于……(表状态)(P18)

(1)单句语法填空
①Her eyes quickly became accustomed ________ the dark.
②He was a person ________ (accustom) to a comfortable life.
答案：①to　②accustomed
(2)单句写作
It took a while for me to ________________ all the new rules and regulations.
我过了一段时间才适应了所有的新规章制度。
答案：accustom myself to


(1)be accustomed/used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事(表示状态)
get/become accustomed/used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事(表示动作)
(2)accustom vt. 使习惯
accustom oneself to (doing) sth. 使自己习惯于(做)某事

②in spite of 不管；不顾(P20)

单句写作
①I still enjoyed the voluntary work ______________.
尽管天气不好，志愿者活动中我感觉还是很愉快的。
②________________ I was very nervous when singing the song, I felt proud of myself because I tried my best.
尽管我唱歌的时候有点紧张，我仍然感到自豪，因为我尽力了。
答案：①despite/in spite of the bad weather　②In spite of/Despite the fact that


(1)despite 尽管，虽然(后接名词，相当于in spite of)
(2)in spite of/despite the fact that ... (同位语从句)
＝(al) though＋从句 虽然……；尽管……

③take risks/a risk 冒险(P20)

(1)单句语法填空
①He risked ________ (lose) everything this time to regain what he had lost in the gambling (赌博)．
②Never put your family ________ risk.
答案：①losing　②at
(2)单句写作
①He saved the boy's life ________________ his own.
他冒着失去生命的危险救了这个小男孩。
②I could not ______________ leaving him alone even for a short time.
我不能冒险留下他独自一人，哪怕是一会儿也不行。
答案：①at the risk of losing　②run/take the risk of


(1)at risk 处境危险；遭受危险
at all risks＝at any risk 无论冒什么险，无论如何
at the risk of doing sth. 冒着……的风险
run/take the risk of sth./doing sth. 冒……的危险/冒险做某事
(2)risk one's life 冒生命危险
risk doing sth. 冒险做某事

①[教材原句]Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up.(P18)
你妈妈告诉我，你不久前开始吸烟了，而且现在你觉得很难把它戒掉。

单句写作
①I think ________ important to get along well with others.
我认为与别人和睦相处是重要的。
②The new method makes ____________ to complete the task on time.
新的方法使得准时完成任务成为了可能。
③The headmaster has made ________ clear ________ the sports meeting will not be put off.
校长说得很清楚，运动会不会推迟。
答案：①it　②it possible　③it; that


该句中“finding it difficult to give it up”为固定句式，即“find/think/consider/make/feel等＋it＋宾语补足语(adj./n.)＋to do/that从句”，该句式中，it为形式宾语，to
do不定式或that从句为真正的宾语。此外，it还可以充当形式主语。

②[教材原句]．.. , I knew it was time to quit smoking.(P18)
……，我知道是我该戒烟的时候了。

(1)单句语法填空
①It is time ________ (solve) the problem.
②It is high time we students ________ (work) even harder at our lessons as the exam is coming nearer.
答案：①to solve　②worked/should work
(2)单句改错
It was the third time that he has made the same mistake.
_________________________________________________________________
答案：was→is或has→had


It's time to do sth. 到了做某事的时间了
It's time for sth. 到了做某事的时间了
It's (high/about) time (that) sb. did/should do ... 某人早该做/某人该做某事了
It/This/That is/was the first/second ... time that sb. has/had done sth. 这/那是某人第一/二……次做某事

课文回练 升华运用
It's easy for you to start smoking, but once you become __1__ (addict) to it, you may find __2__ difficult for you to quit. Firstly, you may become __3__ (physics) addicted to nicotine. Secondly, you may develop the habit of smoking and finally become __4__ (mental) addicted to it.
Smoking may have all kinds of __5__ (harm) effects on the health of both the smokers themselves and non­smokers around them. It not only affects your physical fitness, but also __6__ harm to your heart and lungs and causes a variety of diseases. So, it's important that one quit __7__ (smoke) and live a healthier life.
To quit smoking, you should be well­prepared and make a list of all the benefits you may get after quitting. __8__ (develop) some new habits like listening to music, reading novels or doing housework may distract your attention and help you to forget your need for a cigarette. But if you really feel bad, you should consult __9__ doctor or chemist to get some professional help. Remember, if you keep trying, you will __10__ (eventual) succeed.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________
答案：1.addicted　2.it　3.physically　4.mentally　5.harmful　6.does　7.smoking　8.Developing　9.a　10.eventually

基础达标 自主训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Having been here for two years, I have been accustomed to ________ (live) in such a noisy place.
答案：living　be accustomed to (doing) sth. “习惯于(做)某事”。
2．People can easily become ________ (mental) addicted to drugs when they start taking them.
答案：mentally　句意：当人们开始吸毒时，他们可能会很容易从精神上依赖毒品。副词作状语修饰谓语动词短语become addicted to。
3．It is easy for adolescents to get ________ the bad habit of smoking.
答案：into　get into the habit of ... “养成……习惯”。
4．The driver was to blame for his careless driving, so a lot of money was due to ________ (pay) by the driver.
答案：be paid　be due to do ... “按理应该做……”。pay与money之间存在被动关系，故应填be paid。
5．________ (addict) to poetry, he hoped one day to be a poet himself.
答案：Addicted　(be) addicted to ... “沉迷于……”，此处为过去分词在句首作状语。
6．Farmers are now worried that the rain will have a very bad effect ________ the crops.
答案：on　have a bad effect on ... “对……有坏的影响”。
7．It is a shame __________ we should have lost such an important customer.
答案：that　It is a shame that ... “真可惜/真遗憾……”，为固定句式。
8．You will risk ________ (get) wet, because it may rain.
答案：getting　risk doing ... “冒险做……”。
9．I feel ________ my duty that I should devote myself to teaching.
答案：it　句意：我感到致力于教学是我的责任。it在句中作形式宾语，that从句为真正的宾语。
10．It is the second time that he ________ (participate) in the Olympic Games.
答案：has participated　It/This/That is/was the first/second ... time that sb. have/had done sth. “这/那是某人第一/二……次做某事”。
Ⅱ.单句写作
1．You'd better not ____________ (决定) important matters too quickly.
答案：decide on
2．With the summer holidays approaching, I ____________ (想要) taking a driving course and trying to get my driving license.
答案：feel like
3．English became the official language for business ____________ the fact that the population was largely Chinese.
虽然当地居民主要是中国人，英语却成了商业上正式使用的语言。
答案：in spite of/despite
4．_______________________________________________________________
不要浪费时间沉迷于玩电脑游戏了。(be addicted to)
答案：Don't waste time being addicted to playing computer games.
5．______________________________________________________________
他发现很难使自己习惯于早睡。(it作形式宾语)
答案：He found it difficult to accustom himself to going to bed early.
Ⅲ.语法填空
A survey showed a child, who has been protected and habitually given whatever he wants, will always put __1__ (him) first. He will be ignorant of his parents' efforts. When he starts work, he __2__ (assume) that every person must listen to him, and when he becomes a manager, he will never know the sufferings of his __3__ (employ) and will always blame others.
For this kind of person, __4__ may be good academically and may be __5__ (success) for a while, eventually he will not feel the sense of __6__ (achieve). If we are protective parents of this kind, are we really showing love or are we destroying our children instead?
You can let your children live in __7__ big house, eat a good meal, learn the piano, watch a big screen TV. But when you are cutting grass, please let them experience __8__.
After a meal, let them wash their plates and bowls together with their brothers and sisters. It is not because you do not have money to hire a maid. You want them __9__ (understand), no matter how rich their parents are, one day their hair will grow gray.
The most important things are that your children learn how to appreciate the effort and experience the difficulty and learn how to work with others to get things __10__ (do)．
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明被溺爱的孩子往往会很自私，因此让孩子适度体验生活的艰难对他们会有好处。
1．himself　考查代词。此处指“总是将他自己放在首位”，与主语a child形成互指关系，故用反身代词。
2．will assume　考查动词的时态。根据语境，此处叙述在某种情况下是真实或可能的事，应用“助动词will＋动词原形”；从句“When he starts work”用一般现在时，主句应用一般将来时。下文中的“when he becomes a manager, he will never know the sufferings ...”亦是提示。
3．employees　考查词性转换。他永远也不会知道他下属的痛苦。空格前的“his”表明，此处应用名词，且此处用名词复数形式表泛指。
4．who　考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词person，并在定语从句中作主语，故用who。
5．successful　考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作表语，故用形容词successful。
6．achievement　考查词性转换。此处意为“成就感”，且在of后作介词的宾语，故用名词形式。
7．a　考查冠词。此处指让你的孩子住在一个大房子里，表泛指，故用不定冠词，应填a。
8．it　考查代词。你割草时让他们来体验一下。此处用it指代割草这件事。
9．to understand　考查非谓语动词。want sb.to do sth.为固定用法，意为“想要某人做某事”。
10．done　考查非谓语动词。此处表示“事情被做”，表被动含义应用过去分词作宾补，构成get sth. done结构。
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2020·四川省成都市高中毕业班摸底测试)One Saturday morning, I suddenly noticed my room was a completely mess, what really annoyed me. I realized too many useful things took up a lot of space. So I decided to throw it away and do some cleaning. It took me a whole day get all the works done. Finally the room was tidy again and everything was in the order.
This was also true for life: we add more and more to our life, hoped to get a better life. But sometimes the more we add, the bad our life becomes. After all, sometimes less is more.
答案：
One Saturday morning, I suddenly noticed my room was a mess, really annoyed me. I realized too many things took up a lot of space. So I decided to throw away and do some cleaning. It took me a whole day get all the done. Finally the room was tidy again and everything was in order.
This also true for life: we add more and more to our life, to get a better life. But sometimes the more we add, the our life becomes. After all, sometimes less is more.
难项分析：
第三处：useful→useless　考查形容词。根据后文“throw”可知，作者要扔掉这些东西，所以这些东西是“无用的”而不是“有用的”，故将useful改为useless。
第七处：去掉the　考查固定搭配。in order为固定搭配，意为“整齐”，中间没有冠词，故去掉冠词the。
第九处：hoped→hoping　考查非谓语动词。hoping to get a better life在句中作状语，hope与逻辑主语we之间是主动关系，所以要用现在分词，故将hoped改为hoping。

课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读理解

(2020·“皖豫联盟体”高中毕业班第一次考试)Do you know that junk food isn't healthy? Of course you do! Do you eat it anyway? Of course you do! But a new study shows teaching adolescents about the ways food companies fool them into thinking junk food is cool can encourage kids to fight back—by eating healthier.
The pull of junk food can be super­strong. It's designed to be tasty, which makes eating well one of the great health challenges of our time. Everyone from doctors to the government has been trying to handle it. Yet we keep eating junk food.
Professor Christopher Bryan says, “Food companies want you to want junk food.” They spend millions of dollars coming up with new ways to promote junk food consumption. They hire scientists to make new junk food almost irresistible. They might do this, for example, by adding more sugar. Rats fed junk food for six weeks will even walk across a floor that gives them electric shocks just to get more of such food.
Food ads often make unhealthy junk food seem healthy by featuring professional athletes, fit­looking pop stars and smiling, active teens. “We thought when the students learned this, it would matter to them，” Bryan says. He worked with 8th graders at a Texas school. Half of them got a lesson Bryan created. It focused on the ways junk food is advertised, or marketed. A second group received lessons that focused on health. These lessons informed students junk food is bad, and that foods like apples or carrots are a better choice. The students learned a bad diet can lead to major weight gain，and that being overweight puts people at risk for serious diseases. They also learned how eating well now can keep you healthy when you're older.
After the lessons, the kids in both groups were asked how they felt about junk food. Most didn't have positive feelings about these unhealthy foods.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明：让青少年了解食品公司的推销方式比单纯告诉他们垃圾食品的危害更能让他们选择健康的饮食。
1．Why does the author mention the questions in Paragraph 1?
A．To express his doubts about junk food.
B．To promote the idea of healthy eating.
C．To describe the situation of junk food.
D．To introduce the topic for discussion.
答案：D　推理判断题。通读全文内容可以推断，文章第一段中提及那两个问题是为了引出本文要讨论的话题。
2．What remains a great health challenge to doctors?
A．Making people do more exercise.
B．Making people eat healthily.
C．Making people lose weight.
D．Making people prefer junk food.
答案：B　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“It's designed to be tasty, which makes eating well one of the great health challenges of our time. Everyone from doctors to the government has been trying to handle it.”可知，垃圾食品很美味，这使吃得好成为一个巨大的健康挑战，从医生到政府每一个人都一直在努力应对这一挑战。由此可知，对医生而言，让人们吃得健康依然是一个巨大的健康挑战。
3．What message does Paragraph 3 mainly try to convey?
A．What makes junk food almost impossible to resist.
B．What influences junk food can have on consumers.
C．How food companies try to get people to reach for junk food.
D．Why food companies promote the consumption of junk food.
答案：C　推理判断题。文章第三段中先提到“食品公司想要消费者吃垃圾食品”，紧接着说到“他们(食品公司)花巨资想办法推广垃圾食品，聘请科学家制作令人无法抗拒的垃圾食品”，接着还举例说“他们可能会往垃圾食品中添加更多的糖”。由此可以推断，作者在本段主要是想告诉读者，食品公司是如何想方设法让人们去吃垃圾食品的。
4．Which of the following words can best describe Bryan's lessons?
A．Shocking. B．Popular.
C．Effective. D．Abstract.
答案：C　推理判断题。文章第四段主要介绍Bryan给德克萨斯州的一所学校的八年级学生们上的课。根据文章最后一段“After the lessons, the kids in both groups were asked how they felt about junk food. Most didn't have positive feelings about these unhealthy foods.”可知，课后当这些孩子被问及他们对垃圾食品的看法时，大多数人对这些不健康的食品都持消极的看法。由此可以推断，Bryan的课是有效的。

(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)During the rosy years of elementary school (小学), I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.
Popularity is a well­explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories：the likable and the status seekers. The likables' plays­well­with­others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump­start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then there's the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence：status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.
Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr Prinstein's studies show unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage (从事) in dangerous and risky behavior.”
In one study, Dr Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys (调查研究). “We found that the least well­liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us.”
Dr Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date—sharing, kindness, openness—carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.
In analyzing his and other research, Dr Prinstein came to another conclusion：Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. “Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage，” he said.
篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章从社会心理学视角讨论青少年小学与中学阶段的成长经历，论述了个体受欢迎程度这一青少年心理健康话题。
5．What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school?
A．Unkind. B．Lonely.
C．Generous. D．Cool.
答案：C　推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词“early years of elementary school”可定位到第一段第一句，根据句意和sharing一词可推知，作者上小学的时候是一个慷慨大方的人，故选C项。
6．What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A．The classification of the popular.
B．The characteristics of adolescents.
C．The importance of interpersonal skills.
D．The causes of dishonorable behavior.
答案：A　段落大意题。根据第二段第二句可知Dr Prinstein，一位临床心理学教授将受欢迎的人分为两类，第三句和第四句分别用“The likables' ...”和“Then there's the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence ...”引出后文内容，恰恰就是介绍了受欢迎的两类人：讨人喜欢型和追求地位型。同时本段第二句中的关键词sort ... into ... (把……分成……)与A项中的classification相呼应，所以A项可以概括本段大意。
7．What did Dr Prinstein's study find about the most liked kids?
A．They appeared to be aggressive.
B．They tended to be more adaptable.
C．They enjoyed the highest status.
D．They performed well academically.
答案：B　推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句中的“It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment”可知，Dr Prinstein的研究发现，最讨人喜欢的孩子往往适应性强。B项中的adaptable与第四段中的adjustment相呼应。故选B项。
8．What is the best title for the text?
A．Be Nice—You Won't Finish Last
B．The Higher the Status, the Better
C．Be the Best—You Can Make It
D．More Self­Control, Less Aggressiveness
答案：A　标题判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，本文主要介绍了研究者发现讨人喜欢与积极的人生结果有关，因此A项作为标题最合适。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020·安徽六校教育研究会高三第一次素质测试)Everyone is aware that taking good care of our bodies can prevent many medical problems from occurring later. However, we often have less awareness of preventative actions we should take to help with mental health problems. While our mental health may be fine right now, many of us will struggle at some point. __1__ It's impossible to get through life without challenges, but our mental health prevention habits can help us get through difficult times. __2__
Keep active. The more active you physically, mentally and socially are, the higher the level of your mental wellness is likely to be. So go for walks and learn something new. There are many other ways to be active. __3__
Be connected. Regular involvement in social activities with supportive friends and family improves your ability to handle disappointments, and everything else life throws at you. __4__ But you can be involved in any manner; even volunteering for an organization can help you be more social.
__5__ The nature of these activities varies widely from person to person. The key is to identify what gives your life meaning. Volunteering, coaching, teaching, etc. all can contribute to increasing your sense of confidence and satisfaction with life. Many activities can address more than one. The key is to make a plan and stick with it. If you are already struggling, begin to practice these ways to help your recovery.
A．Here are three practical steps.
B．However, good mental health is important.
C．Stresses, disappointments and disasters happen.
D．Overcome life's challenges before they happen.
E．Be committed to activities that give life meaning.
F．The key is to find what keeps you motivated and interested.
G．This can be difficult when you move to a new town or as you get older.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了三个心理健康预防习惯，帮助我们度过困难时期。
1．C　根据上文“虽然我们的心理健康现在可能很好，但我们中的许多人都会在某种情况下挣扎。”以及下文“生活中不可能没有挑战，但是我们的心理健康预防习惯可以帮助我们度过困难时期。”可知，某种情况就是我们面对的挑战。C项：压力、失望和灾难总会发生，承上启下。故选C。
2．A　根据上下文可知，要具体介绍心理健康预防习惯，A项：这里有三个实用步骤，符合语境。故选A。
3．F　根据上文可知，要有自己的活跃方式，F项：关键是找到让你保持动力和兴趣的东西，承接上文。故选F。
4．G　根据上下文可知，G项：当你搬到一个新的城镇或随着年龄的增长，这可能会很困难，承上启下。该项中的this指的是上文内容；而设空下句中的But与该项构成转折。故选G。
5．E　本句应为祈使句结构并且是本段中心句；根据下文“这些活动的性质因人而异。”可知，此段讲活动意义的重要性，E项：致力于那些赋予生活意义的活动，引起下文。故选E。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years __1__ (long) than non­runners. You don't have to run fast or for long __2__ (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of __3__ (die) early by running.
While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it __4__ (be) more effective at lengthening life __5__ walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 __6__ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all __7__ (cause)．
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise ... it's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to __8__ (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always __9__ (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give __10__ a try.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9．________　10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了跑步的好处——帮助人们延年益寿。
1．longer　考查副词的比较级。医学报告显示：经常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活3年。根据空格后的than可知用比较级，故填longer。
2．to see　考查非谓语动词。你不用跑得多快或时间多长就能看到它的好处。此处不定式作目的状语，故填to see。
3．dying　考查非谓语动词。你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然可以通过跑步减少早亡的风险。此处of是介词，其后用动名词。故填dying。
4．is　考查动词的时态。医学报告显示：跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。这里叙述的是一个事实，用一般现在时。故填is。
5．than　考查比较句型。根据空格前的more effective可知，此处填than。
6．that/which　考查定语从句的引导词。此处a study是先行词，指物，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填that或which。
7．causes　考查名词。一项研究表明，仅仅每天5到10分钟的跑步，就能降低各种原因导致的心脏病和早亡的风险。根据句意可知用复数形式，故填causes。
8．strengthen　考查词性转换。锻炼以增强你腿上的肌肉。此处to是不定式符号，其后用动词原形。故填strengthen。
9．energetic　考查词性转换。跑步总是让人充满活力。根据空格前的it's可知，系动词后用形容词作表语。故填energetic。
10．it/running　考查代词。或许我们都应该试试跑步。此处give it a try意为“试试”。
Ⅳ.书面表达
(2019·甘肃省静宁一中高三一模)假定你是李华，计划申请去英国的一所学校学习，希望你的英国朋友Tony帮忙推荐学校，请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1．自我情况介绍；
2．期望推荐学校；
3．表示感谢。
注意：词数100左右。
　
　
　
[精彩范文]
Dear Tony，
How is everything going? I'm planning to study in the UK, but I have no idea which school I should choose. Could you give me some advice?
I do well in listening and reading but have trouble in writing and speaking. So are there any schools aiming at improving students' writing and speaking abilities? What's more, I don't want to study all the time. It's boring. I prefer a school that can offer some courses in sailing, volleyball, boating or other sports besides language study. I would appreciate it if you could offer some suggestions.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Li Hua