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陕西省榆林市2020届高三高考一模英语试题
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榆林市2020届高考模拟第一次测试
英语试题
本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。全卷满分150 分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，请将试题和答题纸上密封线內的项目填写清楚。
2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔填涂在答题纸上。
3. 非选择题用黑色墨水签字笔答在答题纸上每题对应的答题区域內，在试题上作答无效。
4. 考试结束后,将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。
第I卷（选择题共100分）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的 答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出 最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。 每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How does the woman get to work recently?
A. By bike. B. By car. C. On foot.
2. What are the speakers talking about?
A. The woman’s granny.
B. The woman’s hometown
C. The woman’s holiday plan.
3. What does the woman plan to do first?
A. Go to the bank. B. See the dentist. C. Attend a history class.
4. What is the woman going to clean?
A. The toilets. B. The bedrooms. C. The living room.
5. Who used to be late for work?
A. Walter Sullivan. B. The woman. C. The man.
第二节（共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. What do we know about the woman?
A. She likes reading very much.
B. She is preparing for the exams.
C. She lacks time to review lessons.
7. What is the man's suggestion for the woman?
A. Treating her studies more seriously.
B. Going for a walk regularly.
C. Balancing study and rest.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. Which department does Mr. Robbins work?
A. In the personnel department.
B. In the production department.
C. In the marketing department.
9. On which floor is Mr. Robbins' office?
A. The fourth. B. The seventh. C. The tenth.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. Why does the woman make the call?
A. To make a reservation.
B. To discuss the details of a meeting.
C. To get information about the hotels.
11. How will the man send the copies?
A. By e-mail. B. By fax. C. By mail.
12. What will the man do this afternoon?
A. Attend a meeting. B. Meet the woman. C. Call the woman bad
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. Whore ai*e the speakers?
A. In Britain. B. In Germany. C. In France.
14. What does the woman do in most working hours?
A. She handles daily affairs.
B. She deals with e-mails.
C. She manages the telephones.
15. When does the woman usually get off work?
A. At 5:15 pm. B. At 4 ：30 pm. C. At 4:15 pm.
16. What is the woman?
A. A secretary. B. A director. C. An engineer.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. What is the program mainly about?
A. College courses.
B. Firefighter training.
C. Emergency escape（紧急逃生）.
18. Where will people practice?
A. On trains. B. In tall buildings. C. In a college.
19. What is the requirement of applying for this course?
A. Being over 16 years old.
B. Sacrificing some free time.
C. Having leadership skills.
20. What information does the speaker offer?
A. Her office address. B. Her phone number. C. Her e-mail address.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选岀最佳选项。
A
Basic information about three classical movies
1. Forrest Gump
"Stupid is as stupid does," says Forrest Gump (played by Tom Hanks in an Oscar-winning performance) as he discusses his relative level of intelligence with a stranger while waiting for a bus. Despite his sub-normal IQ, Gump leads a truly charmed life, with a ringside seat for many of the most memorable events of the second half of the 20th century... (Click here to show more)
Rating: PG-13 (Under 13 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian )
Genre: Comedy, Drama, Romance
Directed By: Robert Zemeckis
Written By: Eric Roth
In Theaters: Jul 6, 1994 Wide
On Disc/Streaming: Aug 28, 2001
Box Office： $ 330,000,000
Runtime: 142 minutes
Studio: Paramount Pictures
2. Rain Man
Self-centered, avaricious Californian Charlie Babbitt (Tom Cruise) is informed that his long-estranged father has died. Expecting at least a portion of the elder Babbitt's $ 3 million estate, Charlie learns that all he's inherited is his dad's prize roses and a 1949 Buick Roadmaster. Discovering that the $ 3 million is being held in trust for an unidentified party, Charlie heads to his home town of Cincinnati to ascertain who that party is. . .. (Click here to show more)
Rating ： R(Under 17 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian)
Genre: Drama
Directed By: Barry Levinson
Written By: Ronald Bass, Barry Morrow, David Rayfiel, Barry Levinson
In Theaters: Dec 16, 1988 Wide
On Disc/Streaming: Jan 1, 2000
Runtime ： 133 minutes
Studio ：MGM
3. The Shawshank Redemption
In 1946, a banker named Andy Dufresne (Tim Robbins) is convicted of a double murder, even though he stubbornly proclaims his innocence. He's sentenced to a life term at the Shawshank State Prison in Maine, where another lifer, Ellis "Red" Redding (Morgan Freeman) , picks him as the new recruit most likely to crack under the pressure. But... (Click here to show more)
Rating: R (Under 17 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian)
Genre: A Prison Drama
Directed By: Frank Darabont
Written By: Frank Darabont
In Theaters: Sep 10, 1994 Wide
On Disc/Streaming ： Jan 27, 1998
Runtime: 142 minutes
Studio: Columbia Pictures
1. Who is the director of Rain Man?
A. Frank Darabont. B. Barry Morrow.
C. Barry Levinson. D. Robert Zemeckis.
2. The type of The Shawshank Redemption is .
A. prison drama B. romance
C. love D. comedy
3. Which of the following persons is regarded to be unintelligent in the three movies?
A. Andy Dufresne. B. Charlie Babbitt.
C. Forrest Gump. D. Rain Man.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文为应用文。本文主要介绍了三部经典电影的基本情况。这三部电影是《阿甘正传》、《雨人》和《肖申克的救赎》。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Rain Man部分中“Directed By: Barry Levinson”可知，Rain Man的导演是Barry Levinson。可知C符合题意，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Shaw shank Redemption部分中的Genre: A Prison Drama，可知，The Shaw shank Redemption电影的体裁是A Prison Drama监狱剧，可知A项符合题意，故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Forrest Gump部分中的"Stupid is as stupid does," says Forrest Gump ... Despite his sub-normal IQ, Gump leads a truly charmed life.“傻人有傻福”阿甘（Forrest Gump）的饰演者汤姆·汉克斯说...。尽管他(阿甘)的智商低于正常水平，阿甘过着一种真正令人神往的生活。由此可知，阿甘的智力不高，所以不聪明。故选C。
【点睛】广告类材料是高考的热门考题。其文句简练，信息量大，句式使用简单，表达方式多样，但阅读这类题目也是有规律可循的。此类文章主要考查学生提取信息和处理信息的能力。做这类题时没有必要阅读全文。宜采用“倒序法”来处理。即先看问题，后看文章内容，略读问题和选项，带着问题阅读。这类文章以细节理解题为主。细节题的破解一般采用寻读法，即先看试题，再读文章。对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率，节省了宝贵的时间。
如第1小题属于细节理解题，题干为“ Who is the director of Rain Man?”根据Rain Man部分中的“Directed By: Barry Levinson”可知，Rain Man的导演是Barry Levinson。可知C符合题意，故选C。第2小题的题干为“The type of The Shawshank Redemption is __. ”。根据题干定位于the Shawshank Redemption部分中的Genre: A Prison Drama，可知，The Shawshank Redemption电影的体裁是A Prison Drama监狱剧，可知A项符合题意，故选A。
B
There are at least 3 ,000 miles of waterways in Britain. On these canals and rivers, there are over 30,000 'houseboats'—boats that people use as homes. Around 10 ,000 of them are located in London.
The earliest populations of Britain's 'boat people' have been living on the water since the canals were built during the industrial revolution. Since then, houseboat living has usually attracted people who prefer to live an alternative lifestyle. Houseboat communities are typically made up of people who are looking for a slower way of life and who want to be in touch with nature.
Living on the water sounds romantic, but it is also hard work. There are daily things that need to be done, like bringing fuel and water on board and dealing with 'waste' water from kitchen sink, shower and toilet. In winter, living on a boat can be very cold and there is always a feeling of damp. Of course, most boats are quite small inside, so you don't have much space, especially if you are a couple, family or a group of friends.
Despite these difficulties, the number of people living on Britain's waterways has increased by around 50 per cent over the past ten years. More and more families and young professionals are moving onto houseboats, not only because they like the idea of life on water.but also because it is much cheaper to buy or rent a boat than a flat or a house.
There is a great sense of community on the waterways ； many boat people say that their neighbours are always ready to help them, and houseboat neighbours often become friends for life. This is quite a different story from people who live in flats or houses and may hardly know the people next door at all.
4. What does the underlined word "alternative" in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Creative. B. Enjoyable.
C. Non — traditional. D. Primitive.
5. From the third paragraph, we know that it is to live on the boat.
A. inconvenient B. easy
C. boring D. unforgettable
6. Which of the following information is not given in the text?
A. There are lots of rivers and canals in Britain.
B. Many people live on houseboats in Wales.
C. Houseboat living become popular in the industrial revolution.
D. People who live on houseboats are usually very friendly with their neighbours.
7. Why do many people choose to live on the water? Because .
A. living on the water is romantic
B. living on the water is easy and natural
C. living on the water can avoid unfriendly neighbours
D. living on the water costs less than living on the land
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了在英国年轻人中流行的一种居住方式 “船屋”。
【4题详解】
猜测词义题。根据第二段划线词"alternative" 后的“Houseboat communities are typically made up of people who are looking for a slower way of life and who want to be in touch with nature.”可知，游艇社区通常是由那些寻求慢节奏生活方式和想要接触大自然的人组成的。结合第一段“there are over 30,000 'houseboats'—boats that people use as homes.” 这些人以船为家的。即他们以船为家，是因为喜欢慢节奏的生活，想要接触大自然。这与传统的居住方式不同。“Since then, houseboat living has usually attracted people who prefer to live an alternative lifestyle”这句是说从工业革命起，游艇生活通常吸引那些喜欢另类生活方式的人。即这种游艇生活吸引那些喜欢“非传统的”生活方式的人。选项C. Non — traditional（非传统的）符合题意，故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Living on the water sounds romantic, but it is also hard work. ”可知，在水上生活听起来很浪漫，但也很辛苦。下面的举例“There are daily things that need to be done, .... In winter, living on a boat can be very cold and there is always a feeling of damp. Of course, most boats are quite small inside, ....”比如带上燃料和水，要处理 “废水”等。冬天住在船上很冷，总有一种潮湿感。当然，大多数的船里面都很小.......。由这些例子可知，生活在船上是极不方便的。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。第一段“There are at least 3 ,000 miles of waterways in Britain. On these canals and rivers,... Around 10 ,000 of them are located in London.”可知英国有许多河流和运河，其中大约10000个位于伦敦。故文章中提到A（英国有许多河流和运河），但B（在威尔士，许多人住在船上）是错误的。第二段“The earliest populations of Britain's 'boat people' have been living on the water since the canals were built during the industrial revolution. Since then, houseboat living has usually attracted people who prefer to live an alternative lifestyle....”是说自工业革命时期修建运河以来，英国最早的“船民”一直生活在水上。从那时起，游艇生活通常吸引那些喜欢另类生活方式的人，即说游艇生活在工业革命中变得流行起来，文章提到C（游艇生活在工业革命中变得流行起来）。最后一段“many boat people say that their neighbours are always ready to help them, and houseboat neighbours often become friends for life.” 许多船民说，他们的邻居总是乐于帮助他们，而船上邻居常常成为终生的朋友，可知文章提到D项（住在游艇上的人通常对邻居很友好）。综合可知B项文章中没有提及，故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“More and more families and young professionals are moving onto houseboats, not only because they like the idea of life on water but also because it is much cheaper to buy or rent a boat than a flat or a house.”越来越多的家庭和年轻的专业人士正搬到游艇上居住，这不仅是因为他们喜欢水上生活，还因为买船或租船比租公寓或房子便宜得多。由此可推断出生活在水上比生活在陆地上花费少。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D。
【点睛】推理判断试题属于高层次阅读理解题。这种题型包括判断题和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。第4小题属于推理判断题。根据第四段中的“More and more families and young professionals are moving onto houseboats, not only because they like the idea of life on water but also because it is much cheaper to buy or rent a boat than a flat or a house.”越来越多的家庭和年轻的专业人士正搬到游艇上居住，这不仅是因为他们喜欢水上生活的理念，还因为买船或租船比租公寓或房子便宜得多。由此可推断出生活在水上比生活在陆地上花费少。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D
根据事实细节，推断合理信息。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据, 推论有理, 忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。
C
Delhi has been the centre of a succession of mighty empires and powerful kingdoms in India. Numerous ruins scattered throughout the territory offer a constant reminder of the area's history, which makes the city always be a fascinating place for tourists.
With the development of the city and more and more people moving, the city has expanded several times in size. That is why it is called New Delhi. New Delhi, a city with a population of over 20 million people, has its newest problem: never before has this city met with the worst air problem.
Air pollution in Indians capital surged to its worst levels in years, covering the city in a thick smog that has become an annual public-health emergency despite government vows to solve the problem.
Hundreds of flights were diverted, delayed and canceled over the weekend due to poor visibility, schools and offices were closed Monday and officials rushed to take emergency measures to try to reverse the eroding air quality. Millions of antipollution masks were distributed at schools, colleges, hospitals and markets.
New Delhi, is engulfed each year as the weather cools and a thick haze builds up from the pollutants emitted from cars and coal-based power plants, swirling dust from construction sites and roads and smoke from crop stubble burning in neighboring states. Fireworks and firecrackers to celebrate the Hindu festival of Diwali then arrives, leaving Delhi the world's most polluted city.
The city's air quality index, which measures a mix of dangerous pollutants, registered an average score of 494 Sunday. That is the highest 24-hour average since Nov. 6 , 2016 , when it hit 497, according to data measured by the Central Pollution Control Board.
8. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Diwali is one of the most important festivals in India.
B. The government did little to protect its citizens against the serious pollution.
C. Such a serious air pollution in New Delhi appears on a regular basis.
D. The index of the recent air pollution is not the worst in the history.
9. Who may not complain about the serious air pollution?
A. The parents whose children have to stay at home.
B. The pilots whose planes have been diverted or delayed.
C. The manufacturers who produce antipollution masks.
D. The officials who have to work out of their offices.
10. Which of the following phrases can replace the underlined word in paragraph 5?
A. Sent out. B. Sent up.
C. Sent in. D. Sent on.
11 The title of the passage should be .
A. Problems Caused by the Development of New Delhi
B. Dangerous Pollution Envelops New Delhi
C. Antipollution Masks Are in Great Need in New Delhi
D. Farmers in the Neighboring States are to Blame for Burning Crop Stubble
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
本文为说明文。本文主要叙述了随着城市的发展和越来越多的人口流动，城市规模的扩大，印度的新德里成为世界上污染最严重的城市。虽然政府发誓解决污染问题，但由于污染严重，整个新德里处于危险的污染中，人们必须戴防污口罩，冬天天气寒冷污染物成雾霾，成为世界是污染最严重的城市。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Air pollution in Indians capital surged to its worst levels in years, covering the city in a thick smog that has become an annual public-health emergency despite government vows to solve the problem.”印度首都的空气污染飙升至多年来最严重的水平，笼罩着这座城市的浓雾已成为年度公共卫生紧急事件，尽管政府誓言要解决这个问题。第四段“New Delhi, is engulfed each year as the weather cools and a thick haze builds up from the pollutants emitted from cars and coal-based power plants, swirling dust ..., leaving Delhi the world's most polluted city.” 新德里每年都会被污染吞没，随着天气变冷，汽车和以煤为基础的发电厂排放的污染物、建筑工地和道路上飘动的灰尘，以及邻国农作物秸秆燃烧产生的烟雾，都会形成浓雾。庆祝印度排灯节的烟花爆竹随后到达，使德里现在成为世界上污染最严重的城市。第四段“Millions of antipollution masks were distributed at schools, colleges, hospitals and markets.” 可知，在学校、学院、医院和市场上分发了数以百万计的防污口罩。由此可知，政府尽管发誓解决这种污染，但情况不仅没有改变，反而更加严重，使得人们必须佩戴防毒口罩。由此可判断出政府几乎没有保护其公民免受严重污染。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Hundreds of flights were diverted, delayed and canceled over the weekend due to poor visibility, schools and offices were closed Monday and officials rushed to take emergency measures to try to reverse the eroding air quality. Millions of antipollution masks were distributed at schools, colleges, hospitals and markets.” 周末期间，由于能见度低，数百架航班被迫改道、延误和取消，学校和办公室周一关闭，官员们紧急采取措施，试图扭转不断恶化的空气质量。学校、大学、医院和市场分发了数百万个防污染口罩。由此可知，由于污染严重，学校、大学、医院和市场分发了数百万个防污染口罩。所以生产防污染口罩的厂家要加大生产 ，是不会抱怨的，故选C。
【10题详解】
猜测词义题。根据第五段“New Delhi, is engulfed each year as the weather cools and a thick haze builds up from the pollutants emitted from cars and coal-based power plants, swirling dust from construction sites and roads and smoke from crop stubble burning in neighboring states.”本句是说新德里每年都笼罩在污染中。因为天气变冷，从汽车和以煤为基础的发电厂“emitted”的污染物形成了厚厚的雾霾。根据常识可知，汽车和用煤发电的发电厂会“排放或释放”污染物的。由此可判断“emitted”是排放的意思。分析选项A. Sent out散发，发出，释放；B. Sent up发射；C. Sent in呈递，提交；D. Sent on转寄，转发。可知A项（Sent out）符合题意，故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要叙述了随着城市的发展和越来越多的人口流动，城市规模的扩大，印度的新德里成为世界上污染最严重的城市。虽然政府发誓解决污染问题，但周末的能见度低，数百架航班在周末改道、延误和取消，学校和办公室周一关闭，人们必须戴防污口罩（Millions of antipollution masks were distributed at schools, colleges, hospitals and markets.）。第五段“New Delhi, is engulfed each year as the weather cools and a thick haze ...swirling dust... leaving Delhi the world's most polluted city.”冬天天气寒冷污染物成雾霾，成为世界是污染最严重的城市。尤其是最后一段“The city's air quality index, which measures a mix of dangerous pollutants, registered an average score of 494 Sunday. That is the highest 24-hour average since Nov. 6 , 2016 , when it hit 497, according to data measured by the Central Pollution Control Board.” 该市空气质量指数周日的平均分为494分，该指数衡量的是各种危险污染物的混合物。根据中央污染控制委员会的数据，这是自2016年11月6日达到497点以来的24小时最高平均值。由此可知，新德里被严重的污染所笼罩。分析选项可知B项（危险的污染笼罩着新德里）符合题意，故选B。
D
It has been discovered that after the age of sixteen, the number of our brain cells begins to decrease at a speed of several million a year. They simply die off. In certain types of activity, the human brain is at its highest point in the early twenties, when it has collected enough information to be able to use the vast number of cells freely in the most effective way. Pure mathematics is one of the fields in which this happens, and we know that Albert Einstein made all his world-shaking discoveries between the age of about 20 and 25, and spent the rest of his life tidying them up and arranging them.
But in certain other types of activity (of which being an author is perhaps one), experience is more important than sharpness of brain, and there one usually finds that a person reaches his or her peak much later in life.
Besides sharpness of brain and experience, here is another thing that is very important, and that is wisdom. One can have a very quick, inventive brain and plenty of experience, but if one uses these foolishly, one harms both oneself and others. Wisdom does not always come with age ——there are plenty of foolish middle-aged people about ——but the average person tends to learn wisdom as he gets older, usually by making painful of embarrassing mistakes. Leaning to be wise is basically learning what is not possible ； and what is possible but so difficult that it is not worth all the trouble one has to go through to get there. Mostly, it is learning about human nature ； how real people behave and react, as against how one would like them to behave and react. One can read and hear lot of idealistic stuff about how to make the world a better place, which would be found if it was based on an accurate observation of human nature, but which is basically a waste of time because it is not.
12. According to the writer, the great discoveries made by Albert Einstein were mainly a result in .
A. years of hard work B. sharpness of the brain
C. rich experience D. his deep understanding of the nature
13. Some people achieve success much later in life because .
A. their work often requires much experience
B. they do not have a chance to show their talents
C. they have to learn lessons from failures
D. they fail to realize earlier the importance of hard work
14. The importance of wisdom lies in the fact that .
A. it helps to avoid various mistakes
B. it contributes to one's creativity
C. it encourages one to go forward in face of difficulty
D. it provides the right direction of efforts
15. The writer came to believe that .
A. it is always a waste of time to make plans about the future
B. it is human nature to make attempts on what looks impossible
C. one should always challenge the impossible to push the society forward
D. one has to use wisdom in deciding what is the best thing to do
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. D
【解析】
本文为说明文。本篇文章主要说明了人类的大脑在20岁左右于巅峰，在以后的成就多数是因为需要丰富的经验。除了头脑敏锐和经验丰富外，智慧也非常重要，因为智慧为人们提供了正确的努力方向。人们要用智慧来决定做什么才是最好的。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“It has been discovered that after the age of sixteen, the number of our brain cells begins to decrease at a speed of several million a year. They simply die off. In certain types of activity, the human brain is at its highest point in the early twenties, ... and we know that Albert Einstein made all his world-shaking discoveries between the age of about 20 and 25, and spent the rest of his life tidying them up and arranging them.” 人们发现，16岁以后，我们的脑细胞数量开始以每年几百万的速度减少。在某些类型的活动中，人类的大脑在20岁早期处于巅峰状态,... 我们知道阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦在20到25岁之间做出了所有震惊世界的发现。用余生来整理和安排这些发现。根据对爱因斯坦所的发现可知，他的伟大的发现是在20-25岁之间，更是印证了人类大脑在20年代初达到了巅峰（the human brain is at its highest point），由此可推断出，本段主要研究人类大脑巅峰期（大脑的最敏锐）B项中的sharpness of the brain（大脑最敏锐）与（the human brain is at its highest point）是同义词的关系，故B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“But in certain other types of activity (of which being an author is perhaps one), experience is more important than sharpness of brain, and there one usually finds that a person reaches his or her peak much later in life.”但在某些其他类型活动中(作家可能是其中一种)，经验比头脑的敏捷更重要，人们通常会发现一个人在他一生的晚期才达到顶峰。由此可推断出有些人在晚年取得成功是因为他们的工作中往往需要很多经验。分析选项可知A符合题意，故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。第三段“Besides sharpness of brain and experience, here is another thing that is very important, and that is wisdom.... Leaning to be wise is basically learning what is not possible； and what is possible but so difficult that it is not worth all the trouble one has to go through to get there. Mostly, it is learning about human nature；how real people behave and react, as against how one would like them to behave and react.”除了敏锐的头脑和丰富的经验外，还有一件事是非常重要的，那就是智慧。学习成为智者，要基本的了解什么是不可能的；学习有可能但又很困难的东西，以至于不值得一个人为了达到目的而付出所有的努力。最重要的是了解人性，了解真实的人是如何行为和反应的，以及人们希望他们如何行为和反应的。由此可推断出智慧的重要性在于智慧能让人知道什么可做，什么不能做，即为人提供正确的努力方向。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Leaning to be wise is basically learning what is not possible；and what is possible but so difficult that it is not worth all the trouble one has to go through to get there. Mostly, it is learning about human nature；how real people behave and react, as against how one would like them to behave and react. One can read and hear lot of idealistic stuff about how to make the world a better place, which would be found if it was based on an accurate observation of human nature,”成为智者，要大体上知道什么是不可能的。学习有可能但又如此困难的东西，以至于不值得一个人为了达到目的而付出所有的努力。最重要的是学习人性，了解真实的人是如何行为和反应的，以及人们希望他们如何行为和反应的。人们可以读到和听到很多关于如何使世界变得更美好的理想主义的东西.......由此可推断出聪明的人必须运用智慧来决定最好要做什么事。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D。
第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选岀能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。
___16___ When we meet with something we're not familiar with or something frightening, our brain and body start making changes to help prepare us for the unknown. Dr. Kerr says. "For some people, choosing to be scared can be fun. ”
What good is fear?
___17___ It tells a person to hide, run away, or defend oneself. Faster heartbeat and breathing send more blood and oxygen to the muscles so they are ready when they are needed. Stress chemicals can make a person more alert.
Our memories also help protect us. We keep a close eye on babies because they don't understand what might hurt them. As babies grow, they learn what's unsafe, their brains store those memories. Then their brains use fear to warn them of dangers. "We don't want to be fearless; Dr. Kerr says. “___18___!”
Too much can be harmful
Experiences can lead to long-lasting fears that may stop a person from trying new things. We’re born with the ability to feel fear, but a lot of what we're afraid of is learned.
"Being afraid doesn't mean you’re weak," Dr. Kerr says. A long-lasting fear can mean you\e had a bad experience, and your brain doesn't want you to have it again. ___19___ Other people may have no special fear of dogs but may be afraid of other
things, such as heights, snakes, or spiders.
How to feel less afraid
Many people have beat their own fears. Here is one method: Instead of listening to their imagination, they learn the facts about anything that seems scary. ___20___.
Dr. Kerr grew up on a farm. As a seven-year-old, she was scared of black bears in the woods. Later, she read about them. " Understanding the facts gave me a sense of confidence, she says. "I knew for sure what to do if I ever met with a bear and how to protect myself."
A. Knowledge can help a person feel less afraid
B. Being scared is not always a bad thing
C Fear is a tool that brain uses to keep the body safe
D. That is why our brain works faster in time of danger
E. It is good to have a healthy sense of what's dangerous
F. Some people are scared to death by his own shadow at night
G. If a dog bit someone, that person might feel afraid of all dogs
【答案】16. B 17. C
18. E 19. G
20. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文为说明文。文章主要说明我们遇到一些我们不熟悉或令人恐惧的事情时会恐惧，但恐惧并不总是坏事，恐惧有时是大脑用来保护身体安全的工具，危险来临，恐惧会使人躲起来，逃跑，或者自卫。但太多的恐惧可能有害，可能会阻止一个人尝试新事物。因此有时我们要克服自己的恐惧，不要想象恐惧的事，还要了解恐惧的原因，用知识减少恐惧。
【16题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空格后的内容“When we meet with something we're not familiar with or something frightening, our brain and body start making changes to help prepare us for the unknown. For some people, choosing to be scared can be fun. ”可知，当我们遇到一些我们不熟悉或令人恐惧的事情时，我们的大脑和身体开始做出改变。对一些人来说，选择被吓到可能是有趣的。可知，本空格是说恐惧并不总是坏事。分析选项可知B项Being scared is not always a bad thing（恐惧并不总是件坏事）符合题意，故选B。
【17题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上句的问题“What good is fear?” 恐惧有什么好处？可知，本空格是回答这个问题的。分析选项可知C项Fear is a tool that brain uses to keep the body safe（恐惧是大脑用来保护身体安全的工具）正是对此问题的回答。放入句中，与题意一致，故选C项。
【18题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。分析空格前本段内容可知，恐惧会告诉人们躲藏、逃跑或自卫，心跳和呼吸加快会向肌肉输送更多的血液和氧气。对于恐惧的记忆也有助于保护我们。大脑利用储存的恐惧来提醒人们有危险。正如克尔博士说的我们不想无所畏惧。因此本空格是对前面内容的总结，即恐惧可以使人“对于危险是什么要有一个正确的认识”。分析选项可知E项It is good to have a healthy sense of what's dangerous（对什么是危险有一个健康的认识是好的）符合题意，故选E。
【19题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本空格所在的小标题为“Too much can be harmful”太多的恐惧可能是有害的。空格前“A long-lasting fear can mean you’ve had a bad experience, and your brain doesn't want you to have it again.” 长期的恐惧意味着你经历了一次糟糕的经历，你的大脑不想让你再经历一次。以及空格后“Other people may have no special fear of dogs but may be afraid of other things, such as heights, snakes, or spiders.”其他人可能对狗没有特别的恐惧，但可能害怕其他的东西。可知，空格处可能与被狗有关。分析选项可知G项If a dog bit someone, that person might feel afraid of all dogs（如果狗咬了人，那人可能会害怕所有的狗）与狗有关。把G项放入空格处，意义一致。故选G项。
【20题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本空格所在的小标题为“How to feel less afraid”如何减少恐惧感。可知，小标题以下的内容就是对这个问题的回答。分析选项可知A项Knowledge can help a person feel less afraid（知识可以帮助一个人减轻恐惧）就是对这个问题的一个回答。故选A。
【点睛】七选五题型考查学生把握整篇文章的布局和逻辑层次关系和把握微观信息间关联性这种题一般可从以下方面来做：
（1）看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构，分析篇章结构，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。
（2）精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。七选五空出的是整个句子，可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。如第4小题，本空格所在的小标题为“Too much can be harmful”太多的恐惧可能是有害。空格前“A long-lasting fear can mean you\e had a bad experience, and your brain doesn't want you to have it again.” 长期的恐惧意味着你经历了一次糟糕的经历，你的大脑不想让你再经历一次。以及空格后“Other people may have no special fear of dogs but may be afraid of other things, such as heights, snakes, or spiders.”其他人可能对狗没有特别的恐惧，但可能害怕其他的东西。可知，空格处可能与被狗咬有关。分析选项可知G项If a dog bit someone, that person might feel afraid of all dogs（如果狗咬了人，那人可能会害怕所有的狗）。把G项放入空格处，意义一致。故选G项。
（3）看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语，实现关键词的对接，尤其是词（或短语）的复现。先易后难，各个突破。通过阅读选项，有可能根据选项中的关键词找出正确选项。如第2小题考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上句的问题“What good is fear?” 恐惧有什么好处？可知，本空格是回答这个问题的。分析选项可知C项Fear is a tool that brain uses to keep the body safe（恐惧是大脑用来保护身体安全的工具）正是对此问题的回答。放入句中，与题意一致，故选C项。
（4） 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though,however 等。
最后，用代入法，检查答案是否合理，将所有选择答案放回空白处，通读全文，检查文章内容是否语义连贯合理、紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题;每小题1. 5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选岀可以填入空白 处的最佳选项。
Sonja Redding and her ___21___ were on their way home to Omaha, Nebraska after a weeklong visit to Washington D. C., with her two sons, one of whom, 5-year-old Xayvior, has autism （自闭症）.
Although all of the other ___22___ had gone fine, Xayvior became angry during one of the flights, and Redding couldn't ___23___ him.
"It felt like everyone on the plane was looking at us and got ___24___ with my son,” She wrote in a Facebook post after she got home. "I don't know what to do when others just don't ___25___ that he is not just a child with no ___26___, but a child with special needs who doesn't know how to ___27___ himself."
The day was ___28___ by Delta flight attendant Amanda Amburgy. She tried to help Xayvior watch a movie, but when that failed, she offered to take him on a ___29___ of the airplane. That worked, and soon the child was not only calm, but ___30___ a good time.
"When they came back, Xayvior was much calmer and happier," wrote Redding in the ___31___ , which now has 2,700 likes and over 500 shares. "I want to thank this Delta attendant. She didn't judge, and she just showed___32___We need more people like this in the world. ”
It wasn't long ___33___ Amburgy was told about the post. " We're ___34___ to help, and that's what we want to do, ” she said in an interview. " So, we always want to make anything ___35___ for the family as well as other ____36____”
She also shared what she felt when she read Redding's story. "When I read it, it ___37___ my heart. It's ___38___ I would do for anyone on the plane, because that's what I am here for. It really made a ___39___ in her life."
As is often the case, it is not what you say but what you do that counts when you see people in ___40___
21. A. husband B. friends C. family D. daughters
22. A. flights B. adventures C. expeditions D. voyages
23. A. kid B. calm C. comfort D. amuse
24. A. excited B. sad C. frightened D. angry
25. A. understand B. agree C. wonder D. accept
26. A. principle B. character C. discipline D. temper
27. A. control B. operate C. direct D. instruct
28. A. survived B. cured C. saved D. rescued
29. A. trip B. tour C. stroll D. wander
30. A. enjoying B. having C. taking D. recalling
31. A. note B. letter C. message D. post
32. A. love B. passion C. enthusiasm D. attention
33. A. after B. before C. since D. as
34. A. nowhere B. where C. here D. there
35. A. easier B. lighter C. happier D. busier
36. A. parents B. children C. passengers D. attendants
37. A. touched B. hit C. struck D. moved
38. A. nothing B. everything C. something D. anything
39. A. difference B. convenience C. importance D. confidence
40. A. trouble B. dilemma C. situation D. confusion
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. A 36. C 37. A 38. C 39. A 40. A
【解析】
本文为记叙文。文章叙述了索尼娅·雷丁带着有自闭症的儿子在飞机上，当儿子生气时，她无法让自闭症的儿子平静下来，此时得到了空姐安博吉的帮助。于是雷丁发帖感谢，而空姐却认为这是她应该做的。
【21题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：索尼娅·雷丁和她的家人在对华盛顿特区进行了为期一周的参观后，正在返回内布拉斯加州奥马哈的路上。A. husband丈夫；B. friends朋友；C. family家人；D. daughters女儿们。根据“with her two sons”可知，她是和家人（family），故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：尽管其他的航班都很顺利，但在其中一次航班上，赛维奥变得很生气，雷丁无法让他平静下来。A. flights飞行，航班；B. adventures冒险；C. expeditions探险；D. voyages航行。根据后面的“became angry during one of the flights”可知，此处是指航班（flights），故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：但在其中一次航班上，赛维奥变得很生气，雷丁无法让他平静下来。A. kid戏弄；B. calm使平静；C. comfort安慰；D. amuse使娱乐。根据前面的“became angry”可知，是因为他生气了，所以无法让他平静（calm）下来，选B。
【24题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：感觉飞机上的每个人都看着我们，生我儿子的气。A. excited激动的；B. sad悲伤的；C. frightened害怕的；D. angry生气的。根据常识可知，这个有自闭症的孩子在飞机上的行为会让人生气的（angry），故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：当别人不明白他不仅是一个没有自律的孩子，而且是一个有特殊需要的孩子时我不知道该做什么。A. understand理解；B. agree同意；C. wonder想知道；D. accept接受。根据语境及常识，人们在不熟悉的情况下是不能理解（understand）这个孩子的情况。可知，选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：当别人不明白他不仅是一个没有自制力的孩子。A. principle原则；B. character性格，特点；C. discipline纪律，自制力；D. temper脾气。根据前面可知。这个孩子有自闭症，所以没有自制力（discipline），故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：他还是一个有特殊需要却不知道如何控制自己的孩子。A. control控制；B. operate操作；C. direct指导；D. instruct指令。根据前文可知他是一个有自闭症的孩子，所以无法控制（control）自己，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：达美航空公司空姐阿曼达·安伯奇化解了这一天的困境。A. survived活下来，幸存；B. cured治愈；C. saved挽救，化解困境，解救某人摆脱困境；D. rescued拯救。根据空后的的内容可知，空姐帮忙让孩子平静，所以化解（saved）了这一天的困境。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：她提出带他去参观飞机。A. trip旅行， (尤指短程往返的)旅行；B. tour指游览多地的旅行、旅游，观光；参观；C. stroll不慌不忙地溜达，散步；D. wander徘徊，游荡。虽然trip和tour二者都有诱敌深入，旅行。但tour有观光，参观。此处是指空姐带着Xayvior去参观或观赏（tour）飞机。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：很快，孩子不仅平静下来，而且玩得很开心。A. enjoying享受；B. having拥有；C. taking拿；D. recalling回忆。根据语境可知，此处是指玩的开心。“have a good time”为固定搭配，意为“玩的很开心”，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：雷丁在帖子中写道，现在已经有2700人点赞。A. note 笔记，便条；B. letter信；C. message信息；D. post邮件，邮递，帖子。根据后面“有2700人点赞”可知是帖子（post），而且在第13小题“Amburgy was told about the post”也有提示，故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：她只是表达爱。我们需要世界上有更多这样的人。A. love爱；B. passion激情；C. enthusiasm热情；D. attention关注。根据上文空姐对孩子的爱（love），故选A。
【33题详解】
考查连词辨析。句意：没过多久，安伯奇就听说了这篇文章。A. after在......之后；B. before在......之前，趁......；C. since自从；D. as当......时候。“It was not long before...”为固定句式，意为“没多久就......”，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：我们是来帮忙的，这就是我们想做的事。A. nowhere无处，哪里都不；B. where哪儿；C. here这儿；D. there那儿。本文是叙述过去的事，过后的再提，一般用“那儿（there）”，故选D。故选D 。
【35题详解】
考查形容词比较辨析。句意：我们总是想让这个家庭和其他乘客更舒服容易一些，更舒服。A. easier更容易，更舒服的；B. lighter更轻；C. happier更快乐；D. busier更忙。这里是说空姐的责任总是想让家庭和其他家庭更容易一些。故选A。
【36题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：我们总是想让家庭和其他乘客更容易一些，更舒服。A. parents父母；B. children孩子；C. passengers乘客；D. attendants服务员。在飞机上的人应该是乘客（attendants），故选C。
【37题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：当我读它时，它触动了我的心。A. touched触动；B. hit击中；C. struck敲打；D. moved感动，移动。此处是指读到这个帖子时的感受是帖子“触动（touch）”我的心，故选A。
【38题详解】
考查不定代词辨析。句意：我会为飞机上的任何人做些事。A. nothing什么没有；B. everything所有事物，一切；C. something一些事，某物；D. anything任何事物。空姐会为乘客做职责内的某些事（everything），而不是任何事，或是所有的事，故选C。
【39题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：因为这就是我来这里的目的。这真的对她的生活有影响。A. difference区别；B. convenience便利；C. importance重要；D. confidence信心。“make a difference in...”为固定搭配，意为“在....起作用，有影响，有区别”。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：通常情况下，当你看到别人处于麻烦时，重要的不是你说了什么，而是你做了什么。A. trouble麻烦；B. dilemma困境；C. situation情形；D. confusion困惑。根据语境是说，看到处于麻烦时，要去做点事。“in trouble”为固定搭配，意为“处于麻烦中”，故选A。
第II卷(非选择题共50分)
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Cuju was developed in China around 500 B. C. and was played with a leather ball. It is considered by FIFA as the ___41___ ( early ) form of football. During the Han Dynasty, the popularity of Cuju ___42___ ( spread) from the army to the royal courts and upper classes. It ___43___ ( say) that Emperor Wu of nan enjoyed the sport. Cuju ___44___ ( match) were often held inside the imperial palace.
Cuju was further developed ___45___. the Tang Dynasty. There were dozens of well-organized Cuju leagues in Chang'an. ___46___ was then the capital of the Empire. The rules, fields and facilities for Cuju became more advanced, for example, balls filled with air and Cuju goals appeared during this period. ___47___ was also during this age that similar games were being played in Korea and Japan, and ___48___ (gradual) worldwide.
Cuju was most developed during the Song Dynasty because of the social and economic development. At that time, ___49___ (profession) Cuju players were quite popular. They fell into two groups: One was trained by and performed for the royal court and the other talented civilians who made a ___50___ (live) as Cuju players.
【答案】41. earliest
42. spread 43. is/was said
44. matches
45. in/during
46. which 47. It
48. gradually
49. professional
50. living
【解析】
本文为记叙文。文章主要叙述了足球的历史。蹴鞠大约是在公元前500年在中国发展起来的，当时用的是皮球。它被国际足联认为是最早的足球形式。汉代，蹴鞠的普及从军队传到宫廷和上层社会。据说南武帝很喜欢这项运动。蹴鞠比赛常在皇宫内举行。唐代得到进一步发展，并逐渐在世界范围内流行。宋代的蹴鞠运动最为发达。
41题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：公元前500年左右，中国发明了蹴鞠，当时用的是皮球。它被国际足联认为是最早的足球形式。根据语境可知，此处是指蹴鞠是足球最早的形式，故要用最高级，故填earliest。
【42题详解】
考查谓语动词的时态及语态。汉代，蹴鞠的流行从军队传播到宫廷和上层社会。分析句子可知，本空是谓语动词，其中的主语是蹴鞠，与动词spread二者是主动关系，此处的时间状语是“汉代”，要用一般过去时，动词spread的过去时，还是spread。故填spread
【43题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：据说南朝武帝很喜欢这项运动。根据语境可知， “南朝武帝很喜欢这项运动”，既可以是现在大家说的，也可以是过去说的，所以既可用一般现在时，又可以用一般过去时。此处是主语从句，其中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句。T主语从句“that Emperor Wu of nan enjoyed the sport.”与动词said是被动关系，是被说，因此要用被动语态。故填is/was said。
【44题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：蹴鞠比赛常在故宫内举行。根据本句国的副词“often”可知 “蹴鞠比赛”不指一次，有许多次，可数名词match要用复数形式，故填matches。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：蹴鞠运动在唐代得到进一步发展。根据语境可指蹴鞠运动在唐代得到进一步发展。此时可用“in/during”，故填in/during 。
【46题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在当时的帝国首都长安，有几十个组织良好的蹴鞠联盟。分析句子可知，本句是定语从句，其中的Chang'an是先行词，在定语从句中做主语，非限制性定语从句中做主语，指物，要用which，故填which。
【47题详解】
考查强调句型。句意：在这个时代，韩国和日本也有类似的游戏。分析句子可知，本句是强调句型“it is/was + 被强调部分+that +剩余部分”，句强调了时间状语during this age，去掉“It is/was...that...”后句子是完整的。故填It。
【48题详解】
考查状语。句意：也就是在这个时期，类似的游戏在韩国和日本开始流行，并逐渐在世界范围内流行。分析句子可知，空格处在句中修饰副词worldwide，修饰副词要用副词，故填gradually。
【49题详解】
考查形容词。句意：当时，职业的蹴鞠运动员颇受欢迎。分析句子可知，本空格在句中作定语，修饰名词Cuju players，修饰名词要用形容词，故填professional。
【50题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：一组是由皇家宫廷训练和表演的，另一组是以蹴鞠为生的有才华的平民运动员。“make a living”为固定搭配，意为“以......为生”。故填living。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。 文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或 修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧) ），并在其下面写岀该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写岀修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last week our class vote on what to do for our class outing: visit the Singapore Zoo and go on the night Safari（夜间动物园）.Our girls wanted to go to the zoo, but since we were in the minority, we lost the boys, who all wanted the safari. We got the admission rate for students, which was greatly since I still had enough money to buy a brochure about the park as well as everything at the souvenir shop. The Safari was scary but really a fun. As we took the ride over the park's dark jungle, we could see the eyes of many creatures look out at us. Most of the animals here sleep when there is sunlight and wake up at night.
【答案】
【解析】
【分析】
本文为记叙文。文章叙述了上周作者的班级同学去夜间野生动物园里的情况。
【详解】1.考查动词的时态。句意：上周我们班投票决定我们班郊游该去哪。根据时间状语“last week”可知，本句要用一般过去时，故把vote改为voted。
2.考查语境及连词。句意：上周我们班投票决定该去哪？：去the Singapore Zoo或者继续the night Safari。根据上一句“上周我们班投票决定该去哪？”可知，后面是一个选择，是去新加坡动物园还是去夜间野生动物园？表示选择要用“or”，意思为“或者”。故把and改为or。
3.考查代词的格。句意：我们女孩们想去动物园。分析本句可知，句中的主语是我们（we），与女孩girls是同位语关系，而非所属关系，所以把Our改为We。
4.考查固定搭配。句意：但由于我们是少数，我们输给了男生。“lose to...”为固定搭配，意为“败给......，输给......”，故要在lost后添加to。
5.考查形容词作表语。句意：我们买了学票，这太好了，因为我还有足够的钱买一本公园的小册子以及纪念品商店的东西。分析句子可知，本句是定语从句，其中which是指前面的“我们买了学生票”，即买到了学生票很棒。所以greatly在句中作表语，而副词不能作表语，故把greatly改为great。
6.考查不定代词。句意：因为我还有足够的钱去买一本关于公园的小册子和纪念品商店的东西。something“某事，某物，认为重要(或值得注意)的事物”；everything意为“每件事;所有事物”。根据常识可知，是指可以买商店里的所有东西。因此把everything改为something。
7.考查不可数名词。句意：这次旅行很吓人，但真的很有趣。句中的fun是不可数名词，所以不能加不定冠词a，故去掉fun前的a。
8.考查介词辨析。句意：当我们乘车穿过公园黑暗的丛林时，我们可以看到许多动物的眼睛正看着我们。根据语境可知，本句是指乘车穿过公园的丛林。“over” 在......上面穿越。而“through”“从......里面穿过”。故把over改为through。
9.考查非谓语。句意：当我们骑马穿过公园的黑暗丛林时，我们可以看到许多生物的眼睛正望着我们。分析句子可知，本句中的see的宾语the eyes of many creatures 与动词look out是主动关系，表示动作正在发生，要用动词的-ing形式，“see sb. doing”意为“看见某人在做某事”。故把 look改为looking。
10.考查副词辨析。句意：这里的大多数动物白天睡觉，晚上醒来。根据上下文的内容可知，此处是指那儿的（there）的动物而不是这儿(here)的动物。 故把here改为there。
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李明，你的新西兰朋友Steven向你咨询如何才能学好中文。请你根据下 列要点给他写一封建议信。
要点:1.参加中文学习班；2.看中文书刊、电视；
3.学唱中文歌曲；4.……
注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头已给岀，但不计入总词数。
Dear Steven,
I'm glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
【答案】Dear Steven,
I’m glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well.
Here are my suggestions. First, it is important to take a Chinese course, as you will be able to learn from the teacher and practice with your fellow students. Then, it also helps to watch TV and read books, newspapers and magazines in Chinese whenever possible. Besides, it should be a good idea to learn and sing Chinese songs because by doing so you’ll learn and remember Chinese words more easily. You can also make more Chinese friends. They will tell you a lot about China and help you learn Chinese.
Try and write to me in Chinese next time.
Best wishes.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
【解析】
【分析】
本文为应用文。你的新西兰朋友Steven向你咨询如何才能学好中文。请你根据下 列要点给他写一封建议信。要点:1.参加中文学习班；2.看中文书刊、电视；3.学唱中文歌曲等。
【详解】本文为提纲作文，是写一封建议信。建议信是写信人向收信人对某事提出的建议和忠告。第一部分叙述写信的原因，第二部分写建议的内容，提出建议的理由。最后一部分对提出的建议进行总结。用词要有礼貌，让人容易接受。建议信要写得简明扼要，目的要明确，要有说服力。具体写作步骤一般是“三段式”，通常以firstly, secondly, thirdly或to begin/start with, then, later, last but not least等依次陈述建议。
【点睛】本文要点完整，结构合理，语言用词礼貌、。文中顺序连词如first,... then ... besides...的运用，使的文章脉络清晰，内容一目了然。句式以简单句为主，常用单句如 it is important to take a Chinese course；省略句it also helps to watch TV and read books, newspapers and magazines in Chinese whenever （it is省略）possible；和祈使句Try and write to me in Chinese next time；还有完全倒装Here are my suggestions。也有复合句，如状语从句 it should be a good idea to learn and sing Chinese songs because by doing so you’ll learn and remember Chinese words more easily. You can also make more Chinese friends.
英语试题
本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。全卷满分150 分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，请将试题和答题纸上密封线內的项目填写清楚。
2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔填涂在答题纸上。
3. 非选择题用黑色墨水签字笔答在答题纸上每题对应的答题区域內，在试题上作答无效。
4. 考试结束后,将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。
第I卷（选择题共100分）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的 答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出 最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。 每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How does the woman get to work recently?
A. By bike. B. By car. C. On foot.
2. What are the speakers talking about?
A. The woman’s granny.
B. The woman’s hometown
C. The woman’s holiday plan.
3. What does the woman plan to do first?
A. Go to the bank. B. See the dentist. C. Attend a history class.
4. What is the woman going to clean?
A. The toilets. B. The bedrooms. C. The living room.
5. Who used to be late for work?
A. Walter Sullivan. B. The woman. C. The man.
第二节（共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. What do we know about the woman?
A. She likes reading very much.
B. She is preparing for the exams.
C. She lacks time to review lessons.
7. What is the man's suggestion for the woman?
A. Treating her studies more seriously.
B. Going for a walk regularly.
C. Balancing study and rest.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. Which department does Mr. Robbins work?
A. In the personnel department.
B. In the production department.
C. In the marketing department.
9. On which floor is Mr. Robbins' office?
A. The fourth. B. The seventh. C. The tenth.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. Why does the woman make the call?
A. To make a reservation.
B. To discuss the details of a meeting.
C. To get information about the hotels.
11. How will the man send the copies?
A. By e-mail. B. By fax. C. By mail.
12. What will the man do this afternoon?
A. Attend a meeting. B. Meet the woman. C. Call the woman bad
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. Whore ai*e the speakers?
A. In Britain. B. In Germany. C. In France.
14. What does the woman do in most working hours?
A. She handles daily affairs.
B. She deals with e-mails.
C. She manages the telephones.
15. When does the woman usually get off work?
A. At 5:15 pm. B. At 4 ：30 pm. C. At 4:15 pm.
16. What is the woman?
A. A secretary. B. A director. C. An engineer.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. What is the program mainly about?
A. College courses.
B. Firefighter training.
C. Emergency escape（紧急逃生）.
18. Where will people practice?
A. On trains. B. In tall buildings. C. In a college.
19. What is the requirement of applying for this course?
A. Being over 16 years old.
B. Sacrificing some free time.
C. Having leadership skills.
20. What information does the speaker offer?
A. Her office address. B. Her phone number. C. Her e-mail address.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选岀最佳选项。
A
Basic information about three classical movies
1. Forrest Gump
"Stupid is as stupid does," says Forrest Gump (played by Tom Hanks in an Oscar-winning performance) as he discusses his relative level of intelligence with a stranger while waiting for a bus. Despite his sub-normal IQ, Gump leads a truly charmed life, with a ringside seat for many of the most memorable events of the second half of the 20th century... (Click here to show more)
Rating: PG-13 (Under 13 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian )
Genre: Comedy, Drama, Romance
Directed By: Robert Zemeckis
Written By: Eric Roth
In Theaters: Jul 6, 1994 Wide
On Disc/Streaming: Aug 28, 2001
Box Office： $ 330,000,000
Runtime: 142 minutes
Studio: Paramount Pictures
2. Rain Man
Self-centered, avaricious Californian Charlie Babbitt (Tom Cruise) is informed that his long-estranged father has died. Expecting at least a portion of the elder Babbitt's $ 3 million estate, Charlie learns that all he's inherited is his dad's prize roses and a 1949 Buick Roadmaster. Discovering that the $ 3 million is being held in trust for an unidentified party, Charlie heads to his home town of Cincinnati to ascertain who that party is. . .. (Click here to show more)
Rating ： R(Under 17 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian)
Genre: Drama
Directed By: Barry Levinson
Written By: Ronald Bass, Barry Morrow, David Rayfiel, Barry Levinson
In Theaters: Dec 16, 1988 Wide
On Disc/Streaming: Jan 1, 2000
Runtime ： 133 minutes
Studio ：MGM
3. The Shawshank Redemption
In 1946, a banker named Andy Dufresne (Tim Robbins) is convicted of a double murder, even though he stubbornly proclaims his innocence. He's sentenced to a life term at the Shawshank State Prison in Maine, where another lifer, Ellis "Red" Redding (Morgan Freeman) , picks him as the new recruit most likely to crack under the pressure. But... (Click here to show more)
Rating: R (Under 17 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian)
Genre: A Prison Drama
Directed By: Frank Darabont
Written By: Frank Darabont
In Theaters: Sep 10, 1994 Wide
On Disc/Streaming ： Jan 27, 1998
Runtime: 142 minutes
Studio: Columbia Pictures
1. Who is the director of Rain Man?
A. Frank Darabont. B. Barry Morrow.
C. Barry Levinson. D. Robert Zemeckis.
2. The type of The Shawshank Redemption is .
A. prison drama B. romance
C. love D. comedy
3. Which of the following persons is regarded to be unintelligent in the three movies?
A. Andy Dufresne. B. Charlie Babbitt.
C. Forrest Gump. D. Rain Man.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文为应用文。本文主要介绍了三部经典电影的基本情况。这三部电影是《阿甘正传》、《雨人》和《肖申克的救赎》。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Rain Man部分中“Directed By: Barry Levinson”可知，Rain Man的导演是Barry Levinson。可知C符合题意，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Shaw shank Redemption部分中的Genre: A Prison Drama，可知，The Shaw shank Redemption电影的体裁是A Prison Drama监狱剧，可知A项符合题意，故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Forrest Gump部分中的"Stupid is as stupid does," says Forrest Gump ... Despite his sub-normal IQ, Gump leads a truly charmed life.“傻人有傻福”阿甘（Forrest Gump）的饰演者汤姆·汉克斯说...。尽管他(阿甘)的智商低于正常水平，阿甘过着一种真正令人神往的生活。由此可知，阿甘的智力不高，所以不聪明。故选C。
【点睛】广告类材料是高考的热门考题。其文句简练，信息量大，句式使用简单，表达方式多样，但阅读这类题目也是有规律可循的。此类文章主要考查学生提取信息和处理信息的能力。做这类题时没有必要阅读全文。宜采用“倒序法”来处理。即先看问题，后看文章内容，略读问题和选项，带着问题阅读。这类文章以细节理解题为主。细节题的破解一般采用寻读法，即先看试题，再读文章。对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率，节省了宝贵的时间。
如第1小题属于细节理解题，题干为“ Who is the director of Rain Man?”根据Rain Man部分中的“Directed By: Barry Levinson”可知，Rain Man的导演是Barry Levinson。可知C符合题意，故选C。第2小题的题干为“The type of The Shawshank Redemption is __. ”。根据题干定位于the Shawshank Redemption部分中的Genre: A Prison Drama，可知，The Shawshank Redemption电影的体裁是A Prison Drama监狱剧，可知A项符合题意，故选A。
B
There are at least 3 ,000 miles of waterways in Britain. On these canals and rivers, there are over 30,000 'houseboats'—boats that people use as homes. Around 10 ,000 of them are located in London.
The earliest populations of Britain's 'boat people' have been living on the water since the canals were built during the industrial revolution. Since then, houseboat living has usually attracted people who prefer to live an alternative lifestyle. Houseboat communities are typically made up of people who are looking for a slower way of life and who want to be in touch with nature.
Living on the water sounds romantic, but it is also hard work. There are daily things that need to be done, like bringing fuel and water on board and dealing with 'waste' water from kitchen sink, shower and toilet. In winter, living on a boat can be very cold and there is always a feeling of damp. Of course, most boats are quite small inside, so you don't have much space, especially if you are a couple, family or a group of friends.
Despite these difficulties, the number of people living on Britain's waterways has increased by around 50 per cent over the past ten years. More and more families and young professionals are moving onto houseboats, not only because they like the idea of life on water.but also because it is much cheaper to buy or rent a boat than a flat or a house.
There is a great sense of community on the waterways ； many boat people say that their neighbours are always ready to help them, and houseboat neighbours often become friends for life. This is quite a different story from people who live in flats or houses and may hardly know the people next door at all.
4. What does the underlined word "alternative" in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Creative. B. Enjoyable.
C. Non — traditional. D. Primitive.
5. From the third paragraph, we know that it is to live on the boat.
A. inconvenient B. easy
C. boring D. unforgettable
6. Which of the following information is not given in the text?
A. There are lots of rivers and canals in Britain.
B. Many people live on houseboats in Wales.
C. Houseboat living become popular in the industrial revolution.
D. People who live on houseboats are usually very friendly with their neighbours.
7. Why do many people choose to live on the water? Because .
A. living on the water is romantic
B. living on the water is easy and natural
C. living on the water can avoid unfriendly neighbours
D. living on the water costs less than living on the land
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了在英国年轻人中流行的一种居住方式 “船屋”。
【4题详解】
猜测词义题。根据第二段划线词"alternative" 后的“Houseboat communities are typically made up of people who are looking for a slower way of life and who want to be in touch with nature.”可知，游艇社区通常是由那些寻求慢节奏生活方式和想要接触大自然的人组成的。结合第一段“there are over 30,000 'houseboats'—boats that people use as homes.” 这些人以船为家的。即他们以船为家，是因为喜欢慢节奏的生活，想要接触大自然。这与传统的居住方式不同。“Since then, houseboat living has usually attracted people who prefer to live an alternative lifestyle”这句是说从工业革命起，游艇生活通常吸引那些喜欢另类生活方式的人。即这种游艇生活吸引那些喜欢“非传统的”生活方式的人。选项C. Non — traditional（非传统的）符合题意，故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Living on the water sounds romantic, but it is also hard work. ”可知，在水上生活听起来很浪漫，但也很辛苦。下面的举例“There are daily things that need to be done, .... In winter, living on a boat can be very cold and there is always a feeling of damp. Of course, most boats are quite small inside, ....”比如带上燃料和水，要处理 “废水”等。冬天住在船上很冷，总有一种潮湿感。当然，大多数的船里面都很小.......。由这些例子可知，生活在船上是极不方便的。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。第一段“There are at least 3 ,000 miles of waterways in Britain. On these canals and rivers,... Around 10 ,000 of them are located in London.”可知英国有许多河流和运河，其中大约10000个位于伦敦。故文章中提到A（英国有许多河流和运河），但B（在威尔士，许多人住在船上）是错误的。第二段“The earliest populations of Britain's 'boat people' have been living on the water since the canals were built during the industrial revolution. Since then, houseboat living has usually attracted people who prefer to live an alternative lifestyle....”是说自工业革命时期修建运河以来，英国最早的“船民”一直生活在水上。从那时起，游艇生活通常吸引那些喜欢另类生活方式的人，即说游艇生活在工业革命中变得流行起来，文章提到C（游艇生活在工业革命中变得流行起来）。最后一段“many boat people say that their neighbours are always ready to help them, and houseboat neighbours often become friends for life.” 许多船民说，他们的邻居总是乐于帮助他们，而船上邻居常常成为终生的朋友，可知文章提到D项（住在游艇上的人通常对邻居很友好）。综合可知B项文章中没有提及，故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“More and more families and young professionals are moving onto houseboats, not only because they like the idea of life on water but also because it is much cheaper to buy or rent a boat than a flat or a house.”越来越多的家庭和年轻的专业人士正搬到游艇上居住，这不仅是因为他们喜欢水上生活，还因为买船或租船比租公寓或房子便宜得多。由此可推断出生活在水上比生活在陆地上花费少。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D。
【点睛】推理判断试题属于高层次阅读理解题。这种题型包括判断题和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。第4小题属于推理判断题。根据第四段中的“More and more families and young professionals are moving onto houseboats, not only because they like the idea of life on water but also because it is much cheaper to buy or rent a boat than a flat or a house.”越来越多的家庭和年轻的专业人士正搬到游艇上居住，这不仅是因为他们喜欢水上生活的理念，还因为买船或租船比租公寓或房子便宜得多。由此可推断出生活在水上比生活在陆地上花费少。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D
根据事实细节，推断合理信息。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据, 推论有理, 忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。
C
Delhi has been the centre of a succession of mighty empires and powerful kingdoms in India. Numerous ruins scattered throughout the territory offer a constant reminder of the area's history, which makes the city always be a fascinating place for tourists.
With the development of the city and more and more people moving, the city has expanded several times in size. That is why it is called New Delhi. New Delhi, a city with a population of over 20 million people, has its newest problem: never before has this city met with the worst air problem.
Air pollution in Indians capital surged to its worst levels in years, covering the city in a thick smog that has become an annual public-health emergency despite government vows to solve the problem.
Hundreds of flights were diverted, delayed and canceled over the weekend due to poor visibility, schools and offices were closed Monday and officials rushed to take emergency measures to try to reverse the eroding air quality. Millions of antipollution masks were distributed at schools, colleges, hospitals and markets.
New Delhi, is engulfed each year as the weather cools and a thick haze builds up from the pollutants emitted from cars and coal-based power plants, swirling dust from construction sites and roads and smoke from crop stubble burning in neighboring states. Fireworks and firecrackers to celebrate the Hindu festival of Diwali then arrives, leaving Delhi the world's most polluted city.
The city's air quality index, which measures a mix of dangerous pollutants, registered an average score of 494 Sunday. That is the highest 24-hour average since Nov. 6 , 2016 , when it hit 497, according to data measured by the Central Pollution Control Board.
8. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Diwali is one of the most important festivals in India.
B. The government did little to protect its citizens against the serious pollution.
C. Such a serious air pollution in New Delhi appears on a regular basis.
D. The index of the recent air pollution is not the worst in the history.
9. Who may not complain about the serious air pollution?
A. The parents whose children have to stay at home.
B. The pilots whose planes have been diverted or delayed.
C. The manufacturers who produce antipollution masks.
D. The officials who have to work out of their offices.
10. Which of the following phrases can replace the underlined word in paragraph 5?
A. Sent out. B. Sent up.
C. Sent in. D. Sent on.
11 The title of the passage should be .
A. Problems Caused by the Development of New Delhi
B. Dangerous Pollution Envelops New Delhi
C. Antipollution Masks Are in Great Need in New Delhi
D. Farmers in the Neighboring States are to Blame for Burning Crop Stubble
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
本文为说明文。本文主要叙述了随着城市的发展和越来越多的人口流动，城市规模的扩大，印度的新德里成为世界上污染最严重的城市。虽然政府发誓解决污染问题，但由于污染严重，整个新德里处于危险的污染中，人们必须戴防污口罩，冬天天气寒冷污染物成雾霾，成为世界是污染最严重的城市。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Air pollution in Indians capital surged to its worst levels in years, covering the city in a thick smog that has become an annual public-health emergency despite government vows to solve the problem.”印度首都的空气污染飙升至多年来最严重的水平，笼罩着这座城市的浓雾已成为年度公共卫生紧急事件，尽管政府誓言要解决这个问题。第四段“New Delhi, is engulfed each year as the weather cools and a thick haze builds up from the pollutants emitted from cars and coal-based power plants, swirling dust ..., leaving Delhi the world's most polluted city.” 新德里每年都会被污染吞没，随着天气变冷，汽车和以煤为基础的发电厂排放的污染物、建筑工地和道路上飘动的灰尘，以及邻国农作物秸秆燃烧产生的烟雾，都会形成浓雾。庆祝印度排灯节的烟花爆竹随后到达，使德里现在成为世界上污染最严重的城市。第四段“Millions of antipollution masks were distributed at schools, colleges, hospitals and markets.” 可知，在学校、学院、医院和市场上分发了数以百万计的防污口罩。由此可知，政府尽管发誓解决这种污染，但情况不仅没有改变，反而更加严重，使得人们必须佩戴防毒口罩。由此可判断出政府几乎没有保护其公民免受严重污染。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Hundreds of flights were diverted, delayed and canceled over the weekend due to poor visibility, schools and offices were closed Monday and officials rushed to take emergency measures to try to reverse the eroding air quality. Millions of antipollution masks were distributed at schools, colleges, hospitals and markets.” 周末期间，由于能见度低，数百架航班被迫改道、延误和取消，学校和办公室周一关闭，官员们紧急采取措施，试图扭转不断恶化的空气质量。学校、大学、医院和市场分发了数百万个防污染口罩。由此可知，由于污染严重，学校、大学、医院和市场分发了数百万个防污染口罩。所以生产防污染口罩的厂家要加大生产 ，是不会抱怨的，故选C。
【10题详解】
猜测词义题。根据第五段“New Delhi, is engulfed each year as the weather cools and a thick haze builds up from the pollutants emitted from cars and coal-based power plants, swirling dust from construction sites and roads and smoke from crop stubble burning in neighboring states.”本句是说新德里每年都笼罩在污染中。因为天气变冷，从汽车和以煤为基础的发电厂“emitted”的污染物形成了厚厚的雾霾。根据常识可知，汽车和用煤发电的发电厂会“排放或释放”污染物的。由此可判断“emitted”是排放的意思。分析选项A. Sent out散发，发出，释放；B. Sent up发射；C. Sent in呈递，提交；D. Sent on转寄，转发。可知A项（Sent out）符合题意，故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要叙述了随着城市的发展和越来越多的人口流动，城市规模的扩大，印度的新德里成为世界上污染最严重的城市。虽然政府发誓解决污染问题，但周末的能见度低，数百架航班在周末改道、延误和取消，学校和办公室周一关闭，人们必须戴防污口罩（Millions of antipollution masks were distributed at schools, colleges, hospitals and markets.）。第五段“New Delhi, is engulfed each year as the weather cools and a thick haze ...swirling dust... leaving Delhi the world's most polluted city.”冬天天气寒冷污染物成雾霾，成为世界是污染最严重的城市。尤其是最后一段“The city's air quality index, which measures a mix of dangerous pollutants, registered an average score of 494 Sunday. That is the highest 24-hour average since Nov. 6 , 2016 , when it hit 497, according to data measured by the Central Pollution Control Board.” 该市空气质量指数周日的平均分为494分，该指数衡量的是各种危险污染物的混合物。根据中央污染控制委员会的数据，这是自2016年11月6日达到497点以来的24小时最高平均值。由此可知，新德里被严重的污染所笼罩。分析选项可知B项（危险的污染笼罩着新德里）符合题意，故选B。
D
It has been discovered that after the age of sixteen, the number of our brain cells begins to decrease at a speed of several million a year. They simply die off. In certain types of activity, the human brain is at its highest point in the early twenties, when it has collected enough information to be able to use the vast number of cells freely in the most effective way. Pure mathematics is one of the fields in which this happens, and we know that Albert Einstein made all his world-shaking discoveries between the age of about 20 and 25, and spent the rest of his life tidying them up and arranging them.
But in certain other types of activity (of which being an author is perhaps one), experience is more important than sharpness of brain, and there one usually finds that a person reaches his or her peak much later in life.
Besides sharpness of brain and experience, here is another thing that is very important, and that is wisdom. One can have a very quick, inventive brain and plenty of experience, but if one uses these foolishly, one harms both oneself and others. Wisdom does not always come with age ——there are plenty of foolish middle-aged people about ——but the average person tends to learn wisdom as he gets older, usually by making painful of embarrassing mistakes. Leaning to be wise is basically learning what is not possible ； and what is possible but so difficult that it is not worth all the trouble one has to go through to get there. Mostly, it is learning about human nature ； how real people behave and react, as against how one would like them to behave and react. One can read and hear lot of idealistic stuff about how to make the world a better place, which would be found if it was based on an accurate observation of human nature, but which is basically a waste of time because it is not.
12. According to the writer, the great discoveries made by Albert Einstein were mainly a result in .
A. years of hard work B. sharpness of the brain
C. rich experience D. his deep understanding of the nature
13. Some people achieve success much later in life because .
A. their work often requires much experience
B. they do not have a chance to show their talents
C. they have to learn lessons from failures
D. they fail to realize earlier the importance of hard work
14. The importance of wisdom lies in the fact that .
A. it helps to avoid various mistakes
B. it contributes to one's creativity
C. it encourages one to go forward in face of difficulty
D. it provides the right direction of efforts
15. The writer came to believe that .
A. it is always a waste of time to make plans about the future
B. it is human nature to make attempts on what looks impossible
C. one should always challenge the impossible to push the society forward
D. one has to use wisdom in deciding what is the best thing to do
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. D
【解析】
本文为说明文。本篇文章主要说明了人类的大脑在20岁左右于巅峰，在以后的成就多数是因为需要丰富的经验。除了头脑敏锐和经验丰富外，智慧也非常重要，因为智慧为人们提供了正确的努力方向。人们要用智慧来决定做什么才是最好的。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“It has been discovered that after the age of sixteen, the number of our brain cells begins to decrease at a speed of several million a year. They simply die off. In certain types of activity, the human brain is at its highest point in the early twenties, ... and we know that Albert Einstein made all his world-shaking discoveries between the age of about 20 and 25, and spent the rest of his life tidying them up and arranging them.” 人们发现，16岁以后，我们的脑细胞数量开始以每年几百万的速度减少。在某些类型的活动中，人类的大脑在20岁早期处于巅峰状态,... 我们知道阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦在20到25岁之间做出了所有震惊世界的发现。用余生来整理和安排这些发现。根据对爱因斯坦所的发现可知，他的伟大的发现是在20-25岁之间，更是印证了人类大脑在20年代初达到了巅峰（the human brain is at its highest point），由此可推断出，本段主要研究人类大脑巅峰期（大脑的最敏锐）B项中的sharpness of the brain（大脑最敏锐）与（the human brain is at its highest point）是同义词的关系，故B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“But in certain other types of activity (of which being an author is perhaps one), experience is more important than sharpness of brain, and there one usually finds that a person reaches his or her peak much later in life.”但在某些其他类型活动中(作家可能是其中一种)，经验比头脑的敏捷更重要，人们通常会发现一个人在他一生的晚期才达到顶峰。由此可推断出有些人在晚年取得成功是因为他们的工作中往往需要很多经验。分析选项可知A符合题意，故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。第三段“Besides sharpness of brain and experience, here is another thing that is very important, and that is wisdom.... Leaning to be wise is basically learning what is not possible； and what is possible but so difficult that it is not worth all the trouble one has to go through to get there. Mostly, it is learning about human nature；how real people behave and react, as against how one would like them to behave and react.”除了敏锐的头脑和丰富的经验外，还有一件事是非常重要的，那就是智慧。学习成为智者，要基本的了解什么是不可能的；学习有可能但又很困难的东西，以至于不值得一个人为了达到目的而付出所有的努力。最重要的是了解人性，了解真实的人是如何行为和反应的，以及人们希望他们如何行为和反应的。由此可推断出智慧的重要性在于智慧能让人知道什么可做，什么不能做，即为人提供正确的努力方向。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Leaning to be wise is basically learning what is not possible；and what is possible but so difficult that it is not worth all the trouble one has to go through to get there. Mostly, it is learning about human nature；how real people behave and react, as against how one would like them to behave and react. One can read and hear lot of idealistic stuff about how to make the world a better place, which would be found if it was based on an accurate observation of human nature,”成为智者，要大体上知道什么是不可能的。学习有可能但又如此困难的东西，以至于不值得一个人为了达到目的而付出所有的努力。最重要的是学习人性，了解真实的人是如何行为和反应的，以及人们希望他们如何行为和反应的。人们可以读到和听到很多关于如何使世界变得更美好的理想主义的东西.......由此可推断出聪明的人必须运用智慧来决定最好要做什么事。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D。
第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选岀能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。
___16___ When we meet with something we're not familiar with or something frightening, our brain and body start making changes to help prepare us for the unknown. Dr. Kerr says. "For some people, choosing to be scared can be fun. ”
What good is fear?
___17___ It tells a person to hide, run away, or defend oneself. Faster heartbeat and breathing send more blood and oxygen to the muscles so they are ready when they are needed. Stress chemicals can make a person more alert.
Our memories also help protect us. We keep a close eye on babies because they don't understand what might hurt them. As babies grow, they learn what's unsafe, their brains store those memories. Then their brains use fear to warn them of dangers. "We don't want to be fearless; Dr. Kerr says. “___18___!”
Too much can be harmful
Experiences can lead to long-lasting fears that may stop a person from trying new things. We’re born with the ability to feel fear, but a lot of what we're afraid of is learned.
"Being afraid doesn't mean you’re weak," Dr. Kerr says. A long-lasting fear can mean you\e had a bad experience, and your brain doesn't want you to have it again. ___19___ Other people may have no special fear of dogs but may be afraid of other
things, such as heights, snakes, or spiders.
How to feel less afraid
Many people have beat their own fears. Here is one method: Instead of listening to their imagination, they learn the facts about anything that seems scary. ___20___.
Dr. Kerr grew up on a farm. As a seven-year-old, she was scared of black bears in the woods. Later, she read about them. " Understanding the facts gave me a sense of confidence, she says. "I knew for sure what to do if I ever met with a bear and how to protect myself."
A. Knowledge can help a person feel less afraid
B. Being scared is not always a bad thing
C Fear is a tool that brain uses to keep the body safe
D. That is why our brain works faster in time of danger
E. It is good to have a healthy sense of what's dangerous
F. Some people are scared to death by his own shadow at night
G. If a dog bit someone, that person might feel afraid of all dogs
【答案】16. B 17. C
18. E 19. G
20. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文为说明文。文章主要说明我们遇到一些我们不熟悉或令人恐惧的事情时会恐惧，但恐惧并不总是坏事，恐惧有时是大脑用来保护身体安全的工具，危险来临，恐惧会使人躲起来，逃跑，或者自卫。但太多的恐惧可能有害，可能会阻止一个人尝试新事物。因此有时我们要克服自己的恐惧，不要想象恐惧的事，还要了解恐惧的原因，用知识减少恐惧。
【16题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空格后的内容“When we meet with something we're not familiar with or something frightening, our brain and body start making changes to help prepare us for the unknown. For some people, choosing to be scared can be fun. ”可知，当我们遇到一些我们不熟悉或令人恐惧的事情时，我们的大脑和身体开始做出改变。对一些人来说，选择被吓到可能是有趣的。可知，本空格是说恐惧并不总是坏事。分析选项可知B项Being scared is not always a bad thing（恐惧并不总是件坏事）符合题意，故选B。
【17题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上句的问题“What good is fear?” 恐惧有什么好处？可知，本空格是回答这个问题的。分析选项可知C项Fear is a tool that brain uses to keep the body safe（恐惧是大脑用来保护身体安全的工具）正是对此问题的回答。放入句中，与题意一致，故选C项。
【18题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。分析空格前本段内容可知，恐惧会告诉人们躲藏、逃跑或自卫，心跳和呼吸加快会向肌肉输送更多的血液和氧气。对于恐惧的记忆也有助于保护我们。大脑利用储存的恐惧来提醒人们有危险。正如克尔博士说的我们不想无所畏惧。因此本空格是对前面内容的总结，即恐惧可以使人“对于危险是什么要有一个正确的认识”。分析选项可知E项It is good to have a healthy sense of what's dangerous（对什么是危险有一个健康的认识是好的）符合题意，故选E。
【19题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本空格所在的小标题为“Too much can be harmful”太多的恐惧可能是有害的。空格前“A long-lasting fear can mean you’ve had a bad experience, and your brain doesn't want you to have it again.” 长期的恐惧意味着你经历了一次糟糕的经历，你的大脑不想让你再经历一次。以及空格后“Other people may have no special fear of dogs but may be afraid of other things, such as heights, snakes, or spiders.”其他人可能对狗没有特别的恐惧，但可能害怕其他的东西。可知，空格处可能与被狗有关。分析选项可知G项If a dog bit someone, that person might feel afraid of all dogs（如果狗咬了人，那人可能会害怕所有的狗）与狗有关。把G项放入空格处，意义一致。故选G项。
【20题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本空格所在的小标题为“How to feel less afraid”如何减少恐惧感。可知，小标题以下的内容就是对这个问题的回答。分析选项可知A项Knowledge can help a person feel less afraid（知识可以帮助一个人减轻恐惧）就是对这个问题的一个回答。故选A。
【点睛】七选五题型考查学生把握整篇文章的布局和逻辑层次关系和把握微观信息间关联性这种题一般可从以下方面来做：
（1）看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构，分析篇章结构，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。
（2）精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。七选五空出的是整个句子，可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。如第4小题，本空格所在的小标题为“Too much can be harmful”太多的恐惧可能是有害。空格前“A long-lasting fear can mean you\e had a bad experience, and your brain doesn't want you to have it again.” 长期的恐惧意味着你经历了一次糟糕的经历，你的大脑不想让你再经历一次。以及空格后“Other people may have no special fear of dogs but may be afraid of other things, such as heights, snakes, or spiders.”其他人可能对狗没有特别的恐惧，但可能害怕其他的东西。可知，空格处可能与被狗咬有关。分析选项可知G项If a dog bit someone, that person might feel afraid of all dogs（如果狗咬了人，那人可能会害怕所有的狗）。把G项放入空格处，意义一致。故选G项。
（3）看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语，实现关键词的对接，尤其是词（或短语）的复现。先易后难，各个突破。通过阅读选项，有可能根据选项中的关键词找出正确选项。如第2小题考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上句的问题“What good is fear?” 恐惧有什么好处？可知，本空格是回答这个问题的。分析选项可知C项Fear is a tool that brain uses to keep the body safe（恐惧是大脑用来保护身体安全的工具）正是对此问题的回答。放入句中，与题意一致，故选C项。
（4） 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though,however 等。
最后，用代入法，检查答案是否合理，将所有选择答案放回空白处，通读全文，检查文章内容是否语义连贯合理、紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题;每小题1. 5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选岀可以填入空白 处的最佳选项。
Sonja Redding and her ___21___ were on their way home to Omaha, Nebraska after a weeklong visit to Washington D. C., with her two sons, one of whom, 5-year-old Xayvior, has autism （自闭症）.
Although all of the other ___22___ had gone fine, Xayvior became angry during one of the flights, and Redding couldn't ___23___ him.
"It felt like everyone on the plane was looking at us and got ___24___ with my son,” She wrote in a Facebook post after she got home. "I don't know what to do when others just don't ___25___ that he is not just a child with no ___26___, but a child with special needs who doesn't know how to ___27___ himself."
The day was ___28___ by Delta flight attendant Amanda Amburgy. She tried to help Xayvior watch a movie, but when that failed, she offered to take him on a ___29___ of the airplane. That worked, and soon the child was not only calm, but ___30___ a good time.
"When they came back, Xayvior was much calmer and happier," wrote Redding in the ___31___ , which now has 2,700 likes and over 500 shares. "I want to thank this Delta attendant. She didn't judge, and she just showed___32___We need more people like this in the world. ”
It wasn't long ___33___ Amburgy was told about the post. " We're ___34___ to help, and that's what we want to do, ” she said in an interview. " So, we always want to make anything ___35___ for the family as well as other ____36____”
She also shared what she felt when she read Redding's story. "When I read it, it ___37___ my heart. It's ___38___ I would do for anyone on the plane, because that's what I am here for. It really made a ___39___ in her life."
As is often the case, it is not what you say but what you do that counts when you see people in ___40___
21. A. husband B. friends C. family D. daughters
22. A. flights B. adventures C. expeditions D. voyages
23. A. kid B. calm C. comfort D. amuse
24. A. excited B. sad C. frightened D. angry
25. A. understand B. agree C. wonder D. accept
26. A. principle B. character C. discipline D. temper
27. A. control B. operate C. direct D. instruct
28. A. survived B. cured C. saved D. rescued
29. A. trip B. tour C. stroll D. wander
30. A. enjoying B. having C. taking D. recalling
31. A. note B. letter C. message D. post
32. A. love B. passion C. enthusiasm D. attention
33. A. after B. before C. since D. as
34. A. nowhere B. where C. here D. there
35. A. easier B. lighter C. happier D. busier
36. A. parents B. children C. passengers D. attendants
37. A. touched B. hit C. struck D. moved
38. A. nothing B. everything C. something D. anything
39. A. difference B. convenience C. importance D. confidence
40. A. trouble B. dilemma C. situation D. confusion
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. A 36. C 37. A 38. C 39. A 40. A
【解析】
本文为记叙文。文章叙述了索尼娅·雷丁带着有自闭症的儿子在飞机上，当儿子生气时，她无法让自闭症的儿子平静下来，此时得到了空姐安博吉的帮助。于是雷丁发帖感谢，而空姐却认为这是她应该做的。
【21题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：索尼娅·雷丁和她的家人在对华盛顿特区进行了为期一周的参观后，正在返回内布拉斯加州奥马哈的路上。A. husband丈夫；B. friends朋友；C. family家人；D. daughters女儿们。根据“with her two sons”可知，她是和家人（family），故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：尽管其他的航班都很顺利，但在其中一次航班上，赛维奥变得很生气，雷丁无法让他平静下来。A. flights飞行，航班；B. adventures冒险；C. expeditions探险；D. voyages航行。根据后面的“became angry during one of the flights”可知，此处是指航班（flights），故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：但在其中一次航班上，赛维奥变得很生气，雷丁无法让他平静下来。A. kid戏弄；B. calm使平静；C. comfort安慰；D. amuse使娱乐。根据前面的“became angry”可知，是因为他生气了，所以无法让他平静（calm）下来，选B。
【24题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：感觉飞机上的每个人都看着我们，生我儿子的气。A. excited激动的；B. sad悲伤的；C. frightened害怕的；D. angry生气的。根据常识可知，这个有自闭症的孩子在飞机上的行为会让人生气的（angry），故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：当别人不明白他不仅是一个没有自律的孩子，而且是一个有特殊需要的孩子时我不知道该做什么。A. understand理解；B. agree同意；C. wonder想知道；D. accept接受。根据语境及常识，人们在不熟悉的情况下是不能理解（understand）这个孩子的情况。可知，选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：当别人不明白他不仅是一个没有自制力的孩子。A. principle原则；B. character性格，特点；C. discipline纪律，自制力；D. temper脾气。根据前面可知。这个孩子有自闭症，所以没有自制力（discipline），故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：他还是一个有特殊需要却不知道如何控制自己的孩子。A. control控制；B. operate操作；C. direct指导；D. instruct指令。根据前文可知他是一个有自闭症的孩子，所以无法控制（control）自己，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：达美航空公司空姐阿曼达·安伯奇化解了这一天的困境。A. survived活下来，幸存；B. cured治愈；C. saved挽救，化解困境，解救某人摆脱困境；D. rescued拯救。根据空后的的内容可知，空姐帮忙让孩子平静，所以化解（saved）了这一天的困境。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：她提出带他去参观飞机。A. trip旅行， (尤指短程往返的)旅行；B. tour指游览多地的旅行、旅游，观光；参观；C. stroll不慌不忙地溜达，散步；D. wander徘徊，游荡。虽然trip和tour二者都有诱敌深入，旅行。但tour有观光，参观。此处是指空姐带着Xayvior去参观或观赏（tour）飞机。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：很快，孩子不仅平静下来，而且玩得很开心。A. enjoying享受；B. having拥有；C. taking拿；D. recalling回忆。根据语境可知，此处是指玩的开心。“have a good time”为固定搭配，意为“玩的很开心”，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：雷丁在帖子中写道，现在已经有2700人点赞。A. note 笔记，便条；B. letter信；C. message信息；D. post邮件，邮递，帖子。根据后面“有2700人点赞”可知是帖子（post），而且在第13小题“Amburgy was told about the post”也有提示，故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：她只是表达爱。我们需要世界上有更多这样的人。A. love爱；B. passion激情；C. enthusiasm热情；D. attention关注。根据上文空姐对孩子的爱（love），故选A。
【33题详解】
考查连词辨析。句意：没过多久，安伯奇就听说了这篇文章。A. after在......之后；B. before在......之前，趁......；C. since自从；D. as当......时候。“It was not long before...”为固定句式，意为“没多久就......”，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：我们是来帮忙的，这就是我们想做的事。A. nowhere无处，哪里都不；B. where哪儿；C. here这儿；D. there那儿。本文是叙述过去的事，过后的再提，一般用“那儿（there）”，故选D。故选D 。
【35题详解】
考查形容词比较辨析。句意：我们总是想让这个家庭和其他乘客更舒服容易一些，更舒服。A. easier更容易，更舒服的；B. lighter更轻；C. happier更快乐；D. busier更忙。这里是说空姐的责任总是想让家庭和其他家庭更容易一些。故选A。
【36题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：我们总是想让家庭和其他乘客更容易一些，更舒服。A. parents父母；B. children孩子；C. passengers乘客；D. attendants服务员。在飞机上的人应该是乘客（attendants），故选C。
【37题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：当我读它时，它触动了我的心。A. touched触动；B. hit击中；C. struck敲打；D. moved感动，移动。此处是指读到这个帖子时的感受是帖子“触动（touch）”我的心，故选A。
【38题详解】
考查不定代词辨析。句意：我会为飞机上的任何人做些事。A. nothing什么没有；B. everything所有事物，一切；C. something一些事，某物；D. anything任何事物。空姐会为乘客做职责内的某些事（everything），而不是任何事，或是所有的事，故选C。
【39题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：因为这就是我来这里的目的。这真的对她的生活有影响。A. difference区别；B. convenience便利；C. importance重要；D. confidence信心。“make a difference in...”为固定搭配，意为“在....起作用，有影响，有区别”。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：通常情况下，当你看到别人处于麻烦时，重要的不是你说了什么，而是你做了什么。A. trouble麻烦；B. dilemma困境；C. situation情形；D. confusion困惑。根据语境是说，看到处于麻烦时，要去做点事。“in trouble”为固定搭配，意为“处于麻烦中”，故选A。
第II卷(非选择题共50分)
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Cuju was developed in China around 500 B. C. and was played with a leather ball. It is considered by FIFA as the ___41___ ( early ) form of football. During the Han Dynasty, the popularity of Cuju ___42___ ( spread) from the army to the royal courts and upper classes. It ___43___ ( say) that Emperor Wu of nan enjoyed the sport. Cuju ___44___ ( match) were often held inside the imperial palace.
Cuju was further developed ___45___. the Tang Dynasty. There were dozens of well-organized Cuju leagues in Chang'an. ___46___ was then the capital of the Empire. The rules, fields and facilities for Cuju became more advanced, for example, balls filled with air and Cuju goals appeared during this period. ___47___ was also during this age that similar games were being played in Korea and Japan, and ___48___ (gradual) worldwide.
Cuju was most developed during the Song Dynasty because of the social and economic development. At that time, ___49___ (profession) Cuju players were quite popular. They fell into two groups: One was trained by and performed for the royal court and the other talented civilians who made a ___50___ (live) as Cuju players.
【答案】41. earliest
42. spread 43. is/was said
44. matches
45. in/during
46. which 47. It
48. gradually
49. professional
50. living
【解析】
本文为记叙文。文章主要叙述了足球的历史。蹴鞠大约是在公元前500年在中国发展起来的，当时用的是皮球。它被国际足联认为是最早的足球形式。汉代，蹴鞠的普及从军队传到宫廷和上层社会。据说南武帝很喜欢这项运动。蹴鞠比赛常在皇宫内举行。唐代得到进一步发展，并逐渐在世界范围内流行。宋代的蹴鞠运动最为发达。
41题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：公元前500年左右，中国发明了蹴鞠，当时用的是皮球。它被国际足联认为是最早的足球形式。根据语境可知，此处是指蹴鞠是足球最早的形式，故要用最高级，故填earliest。
【42题详解】
考查谓语动词的时态及语态。汉代，蹴鞠的流行从军队传播到宫廷和上层社会。分析句子可知，本空是谓语动词，其中的主语是蹴鞠，与动词spread二者是主动关系，此处的时间状语是“汉代”，要用一般过去时，动词spread的过去时，还是spread。故填spread
【43题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：据说南朝武帝很喜欢这项运动。根据语境可知， “南朝武帝很喜欢这项运动”，既可以是现在大家说的，也可以是过去说的，所以既可用一般现在时，又可以用一般过去时。此处是主语从句，其中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句。T主语从句“that Emperor Wu of nan enjoyed the sport.”与动词said是被动关系，是被说，因此要用被动语态。故填is/was said。
【44题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：蹴鞠比赛常在故宫内举行。根据本句国的副词“often”可知 “蹴鞠比赛”不指一次，有许多次，可数名词match要用复数形式，故填matches。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：蹴鞠运动在唐代得到进一步发展。根据语境可指蹴鞠运动在唐代得到进一步发展。此时可用“in/during”，故填in/during 。
【46题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在当时的帝国首都长安，有几十个组织良好的蹴鞠联盟。分析句子可知，本句是定语从句，其中的Chang'an是先行词，在定语从句中做主语，非限制性定语从句中做主语，指物，要用which，故填which。
【47题详解】
考查强调句型。句意：在这个时代，韩国和日本也有类似的游戏。分析句子可知，本句是强调句型“it is/was + 被强调部分+that +剩余部分”，句强调了时间状语during this age，去掉“It is/was...that...”后句子是完整的。故填It。
【48题详解】
考查状语。句意：也就是在这个时期，类似的游戏在韩国和日本开始流行，并逐渐在世界范围内流行。分析句子可知，空格处在句中修饰副词worldwide，修饰副词要用副词，故填gradually。
【49题详解】
考查形容词。句意：当时，职业的蹴鞠运动员颇受欢迎。分析句子可知，本空格在句中作定语，修饰名词Cuju players，修饰名词要用形容词，故填professional。
【50题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：一组是由皇家宫廷训练和表演的，另一组是以蹴鞠为生的有才华的平民运动员。“make a living”为固定搭配，意为“以......为生”。故填living。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。 文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或 修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧) ），并在其下面写岀该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写岀修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last week our class vote on what to do for our class outing: visit the Singapore Zoo and go on the night Safari（夜间动物园）.Our girls wanted to go to the zoo, but since we were in the minority, we lost the boys, who all wanted the safari. We got the admission rate for students, which was greatly since I still had enough money to buy a brochure about the park as well as everything at the souvenir shop. The Safari was scary but really a fun. As we took the ride over the park's dark jungle, we could see the eyes of many creatures look out at us. Most of the animals here sleep when there is sunlight and wake up at night.
【答案】
【解析】
【分析】
本文为记叙文。文章叙述了上周作者的班级同学去夜间野生动物园里的情况。
【详解】1.考查动词的时态。句意：上周我们班投票决定我们班郊游该去哪。根据时间状语“last week”可知，本句要用一般过去时，故把vote改为voted。
2.考查语境及连词。句意：上周我们班投票决定该去哪？：去the Singapore Zoo或者继续the night Safari。根据上一句“上周我们班投票决定该去哪？”可知，后面是一个选择，是去新加坡动物园还是去夜间野生动物园？表示选择要用“or”，意思为“或者”。故把and改为or。
3.考查代词的格。句意：我们女孩们想去动物园。分析本句可知，句中的主语是我们（we），与女孩girls是同位语关系，而非所属关系，所以把Our改为We。
4.考查固定搭配。句意：但由于我们是少数，我们输给了男生。“lose to...”为固定搭配，意为“败给......，输给......”，故要在lost后添加to。
5.考查形容词作表语。句意：我们买了学票，这太好了，因为我还有足够的钱买一本公园的小册子以及纪念品商店的东西。分析句子可知，本句是定语从句，其中which是指前面的“我们买了学生票”，即买到了学生票很棒。所以greatly在句中作表语，而副词不能作表语，故把greatly改为great。
6.考查不定代词。句意：因为我还有足够的钱去买一本关于公园的小册子和纪念品商店的东西。something“某事，某物，认为重要(或值得注意)的事物”；everything意为“每件事;所有事物”。根据常识可知，是指可以买商店里的所有东西。因此把everything改为something。
7.考查不可数名词。句意：这次旅行很吓人，但真的很有趣。句中的fun是不可数名词，所以不能加不定冠词a，故去掉fun前的a。
8.考查介词辨析。句意：当我们乘车穿过公园黑暗的丛林时，我们可以看到许多动物的眼睛正看着我们。根据语境可知，本句是指乘车穿过公园的丛林。“over” 在......上面穿越。而“through”“从......里面穿过”。故把over改为through。
9.考查非谓语。句意：当我们骑马穿过公园的黑暗丛林时，我们可以看到许多生物的眼睛正望着我们。分析句子可知，本句中的see的宾语the eyes of many creatures 与动词look out是主动关系，表示动作正在发生，要用动词的-ing形式，“see sb. doing”意为“看见某人在做某事”。故把 look改为looking。
10.考查副词辨析。句意：这里的大多数动物白天睡觉，晚上醒来。根据上下文的内容可知，此处是指那儿的（there）的动物而不是这儿(here)的动物。 故把here改为there。
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李明，你的新西兰朋友Steven向你咨询如何才能学好中文。请你根据下 列要点给他写一封建议信。
要点:1.参加中文学习班；2.看中文书刊、电视；
3.学唱中文歌曲；4.……
注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头已给岀，但不计入总词数。
Dear Steven,
I'm glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
【答案】Dear Steven,
I’m glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well.
Here are my suggestions. First, it is important to take a Chinese course, as you will be able to learn from the teacher and practice with your fellow students. Then, it also helps to watch TV and read books, newspapers and magazines in Chinese whenever possible. Besides, it should be a good idea to learn and sing Chinese songs because by doing so you’ll learn and remember Chinese words more easily. You can also make more Chinese friends. They will tell you a lot about China and help you learn Chinese.
Try and write to me in Chinese next time.
Best wishes.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
【解析】
【分析】
本文为应用文。你的新西兰朋友Steven向你咨询如何才能学好中文。请你根据下 列要点给他写一封建议信。要点:1.参加中文学习班；2.看中文书刊、电视；3.学唱中文歌曲等。
【详解】本文为提纲作文，是写一封建议信。建议信是写信人向收信人对某事提出的建议和忠告。第一部分叙述写信的原因，第二部分写建议的内容，提出建议的理由。最后一部分对提出的建议进行总结。用词要有礼貌，让人容易接受。建议信要写得简明扼要，目的要明确，要有说服力。具体写作步骤一般是“三段式”，通常以firstly, secondly, thirdly或to begin/start with, then, later, last but not least等依次陈述建议。
【点睛】本文要点完整，结构合理，语言用词礼貌、。文中顺序连词如first,... then ... besides...的运用，使的文章脉络清晰，内容一目了然。句式以简单句为主，常用单句如 it is important to take a Chinese course；省略句it also helps to watch TV and read books, newspapers and magazines in Chinese whenever （it is省略）possible；和祈使句Try and write to me in Chinese next time；还有完全倒装Here are my suggestions。也有复合句，如状语从句 it should be a good idea to learn and sing Chinese songs because by doing so you’ll learn and remember Chinese words more easily. You can also make more Chinese friends.
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