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2019届湖北省黄冈中学高三第三次模拟考试英语试题（解析版）
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湖北省黄冈中学 2019 届高三第三次模拟考试
英语试卷
考试时间:2019 年 05 月 25 日下午 15:00—17:00 试卷满分:150 分
A. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
B. 选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
C. 非选择题的作答:用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
D. 考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.
What is the cause of the woman’s quietness?
A. The violent film. B. Her tiredness. C. The crowded theater.
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】M:You’ve been quiet since we left the theater. What’s the matter? Didn’t you like the movie? W:No. I’m tired of all that blood and people killing each other.
M:Hold on! You saw how full the theater was. People like it.
2.
How does the man know about animals?
A. From books. B. On TV. C. Through the Internet.
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】W:Tim, I read your online article about animals. You really know a lot about them. You must read lots of books on them.
M:Actually I like watching the Animal World program on TV. And I learn from it.
3.
What does the man ask the woman to do?
A. Give her ID card to him. B. Move a table. C. Sign for a parcel.
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】W:Could you please sign for a parcel for me this afternoon?
M:Sure. Just give me your ID card. Oh, tell me where I’ll put your parcel. W:Just leave it on the table.
4.此处有音频，请去附件查看】
Why doesn’t the man want to eat?
A. He’s feeling a little sick.
B. He doesn’t like the food.
C. He ate something just now.
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】M:I’m home!
W:Hi sweetie. Look! I’ve made apple pies, seafood salad and … What’s wrong? You don’t feel well? Or you don’t like the food?
M:To be honest, I’m not hungry. I just had a hamburger and fries. I didn’t know you were making something.
5.
What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A picnic. B. The weather. C. A forecast.
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】W:If it is still this hot tomorrow, we may as well give up the idea of having a picnic in the afternoon.
M:Oh, I don’t think it’ll last long. The forecast says it will be cloudy by mid-afternoon.
第二节(共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. Why doesn’t the man want the telephone sales job?
A. It needs working long hours.
B. It is not suitable for him.
C. It doesn’t pay well.
7. What does the man think of the job on the ship?
A. Attractive. B. Boring. C. Tiring.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
W:I really need to find a job now!
M:So do I. Do you see anything good listed?
W:How about this telephone sales job? You call people and try to sell them magazines. M:That sounds boring. And anyway, I’m not good at selling.
W:Well I am! I might check that one out. Oh, here’s one for you. An entertainment director assistant on a ship. M:That sounds fun. I love traveling, and I’ve never been on a ship.
W:It says here you have to work every day while the ship is at sea. That’ll be tiring. M:That’s OK. I don’t mind working long hours if the pay is good. I think I’ll apply for it.
【6题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【7题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What does the woman advise the man to focus on?
A. The price. B. The quality. C. The model.
9. What will the speakers do next?
A. Continue to shop. B. Visit a gym. C. Go to the cashier.
【答案】8. B 9. C
【解析】
M:Which coffee maker do you think I should buy? This model is cheaper, but the one over there is of higher quality.
W:If you buy a cheap one, you’ll just have to replace it after a short while, and that will cost you more in the long run.
M:I think you’re right. I’ll go with the more expensive one. Oh look! It is on sale! I’ll get a 20 percent discount on it.
W:Yes, it’s a bargain.
M:Do you need more time or are you ready to head to the check-out line? W:Let’s go to the check-out line, because I still have to visit the gym today.
【8题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【9题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. What does Craig do?
A. A reporter. B. A gym teacher. C. A youth center clerk.
11. Why does the woman dislike Craig?
A. He talks too much.
B. He doesn’t work hard.
C. He lacks the sense of humor.
12. What does the woman say about Andy?
A. He is not fun. B. He is impatient. C. He is a music fan.
【答案】10. A 11. C 12. B
【解析】
M:Tell me about the man you met on the weekend. What’s his name?
W:Oh, it’s Craig. He was alright, I guess. He works so hard — he is a reporter and he also volunteers at a youth center. I really admire him. But
M:But …?
W: He’s just too serious. I mean, all he wanted to talk about was politics and classical music. I really don’t like
people who are too serious.
M:What about the other man you met before? Andy, the gym teacher, right? He sounded like a fun person. W:Yeah. But he talked too much.
M:You went hiking with him, didn’t you?
W:Yeah. It turned out he’s not very patient. He wanted to get to the end of the track and I just wasn’t fast enough.
That wasn’t much fun.
【10题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【11题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【12题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题
13. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Workmates. B. Husband and wife. C. Brother and sister.
14. What is the woman going to do?
A. Meet some customers.
B. Prepare for a party.
C. Meet her college friends.
15. What does the man suggest the woman wear?
A. A purple dress.
B. White shoes.
C. A white diamond necklace.
16. Where will the man go first?
A. To his company. B. To a school. C. To his parents’ home.
【答案】13. B 14. A 15. C 16. B
【解析】
M:Why are you so dressed up?
W:I am on my way out to the celebration party of my company. And I have to meet some important customers there. How do I look? Is my make-up OK?
M:You look great. Your make-up is also perfect. W:Do you think I should wear a different dress?
M:No, the one you have on looks great, especially with your purple shoes and your hair like that. W:Thanks for saying so. Do you have any ideas which necklace I should wear?
M:With that dress I’d say your white diamond necklace would look perfect. W:Thanks for helping out. Now that I’m ready, what are you doing tonight? M:Don’t you remember? I have a get-together party with my college friends. W:Oh, yes. But who is going to pick up our daughter at school?
M:Don’t worry. I’ll pick her up and then send her to my parents before I go.
【13题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【14题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【15题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【16题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. How long is the library open a day?
A. Eight hours. B. Ten hours. C. Fourteen hours.
18. When does the Reception stop working?
A. On Fridays. B. On Saturdays. C. On Sundays.
19. How can a book be renewed?
A. By going to the library personally.
B. By telephoning the library.
C. By e-mailing the library.
20. How much should a student pay if returning a book a week late?
A. £2. B. £5. C. £6.
【答案】17. C 18. C 19. A 20. A
【解析】
W: Now, let me tell you a bit about the library. The library opens daily from 8:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m., as I told you earlier. The Reception operates only between the hours of 9:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m., but it operates until 6:30
p.m. on Fridays to give students more time to organize their book requirements for the weekend. The Reception is closed on Sundays. So you can’t borrow books that day. Undergraduate students are permitted to take out four books at a time and each book may be kept for a period of two weeks. Postgraduates may borrow six books at a time. Borrowing time can be lengthened by a period of one week per book, but the student needs to come into the library in person with the book to be renewed. We do not renew book borrowings over the phone or by e-mails. If you are late in returning any book, then you will be charged a fine of two pounds for every week that you are late. You won’t be able to take out any books until this fine is paid. This is not a method of earning money for the library but only what we have to do to ensure that all students have access to all the books that they will need.
【17题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【18题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【19题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【20题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Performances
Let’s Face the Music
Ria Jones the world-famous star of Evita, Cats, and Les Miserables, returns home for two special concerts.
Proving that there is more to her than a great gift for singing the great show songs, Ria invites you on a memorable journey that goes from musical to classical and from classical to pop. Songs from Miss Saigon perfectly mix with Disney favorites from Beauty and the Beast along with some popular standards for a great evening in the company of a very special vocal talent.
Song Recital
Judy Coe performs widely as a soloist( 独 唱 者 ) in America and is also a music teacher. The programme includes songs from Porgy and Bess, a successful American opera, with special solo piano arrangements by Katherine Morris. Judy ends the concert with songs whose texts are by Shakespeare, Yeats, Eliot, Oscar Wilde and Emily Dickinson. The concert will be framed by the singing of Welsh and American music by the popular Gyrlais Male Voice Choir, directed by Meirwyn Thomas.
Mayte Martin
Mayte Martin is easily the best-known Catalan singer. She has been very popular since her early twenties, when she won a string of prizes. She has taken part in Barcelona’s WOMAD festivals and in the Gipsy King’s celebrated festival Mosaique Gitane at Nimes. She will be accompanied by her regular solo guitarist, two dancers and a “clapper”.
The Adventure of Malic
This show is about the fantastically dangerous life of an imaginary Iberian character called Malic. In this show he visits China and gets into fights with dragons and then travels to Barcelona where he comes across many dangerous characters. The show is told using Chinese shadow puppets ( 皮 影 ), beautifully handled, with a live narrator-musician who gives life to the show in English.
21. Who will perform Disney songs?
A. Judy Coe. B. Ria Jones.
C. Mayte Martin. D. Katherine Morris.
22. In which performance can you enjoy famous writers’ works?
A. Song Recital B. Mayte Martin
C. Let’s Face the Music D. The Adventure of Marlic
23. What do we know about “The Adventure of Marlic”
A. It was made in Chinese.
B. It was shot in Barcelona.
C. It is based on a true adventure story.
D. It is presented through a traditional Chinese art form.
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇广告布告类阅读。文章主要介绍了几场演出。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在Let’s Face the Music部分Ria Jones, the world-famous star of Evita, Cats, and Les Miserables, returns home for two special concerts.和Songs from Miss Saigon perfectly mix with Disney favorites from Beauty and the Beast along with some popular standards for a great evening in the company of a very special vocal talent.（西贡小姐的歌曲与迪斯尼最受欢迎的《美女与野兽》的歌曲完美地融合在一起，再加上一些流行的标准，与一位非常特殊的声乐天才一起度过一个美好的夜晚。）由此可知，Ria Jones将表演迪士尼歌曲，故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在Song Recital部分Judy ends the concert with songs whose texts are by Shakespeare, Yeats, Eliot, Oscar Wilde and Emily Dickinson.（Judy以莎士比亚、耶茨、艾略特、奥斯卡·王尔德和艾米莉·狄金森的作品作为音乐会的结尾。）由此可知，在Song Recital表演中，你可以欣赏到著名作家的作品，故选A。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。答案定位在The Adventure of Malic部分The show is told using Chinese shadow puppets ( 皮 影 ), beautifully handled, with a live narrator-musician who gives life to the show in English.（该剧使用中国皮影戏来讲述故事，皮影戏处理得很好，还有一位现场的叙述者兼音乐家，他用英语为该剧注入了活力。）由此推断出，“The Adventure of Marlic” 是通过一种中国传统艺术形式表现出来的，故选D。
【点睛】推理判断题要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们应严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气等，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。小题3，答案定位在The Adventure of Malic部分The show is told using Chinese shadow puppets ( 皮 影 ), beautifully handled, with a live narrator-musician who gives life to the show in English.（该剧使用中国皮影戏来讲述故事，皮影戏处理得很好，还有一位现场的叙述者兼音乐家，他用英语为该剧注入了活力。）由此推断出，“The Adventure of Marlic” 是通过一种中国传统艺术形式表现出来的，故选D。
B
A South Korean man and the 21 ducklings he has been raising as his children ever since they hatched have been breaking the internet with their amazing bond. A video that recently went viral in the western world shows the cute birds following their “mother” on a mountain hike and listening to his every command.
The middle-aged man, whose name is not revealed in the video, has been taking care of his 21 ducklings ever since they were eggs, making sure the incubation( 孵 化 ) period went smoothly, and even helping the tiny birds break through their shell when it came time to hatch. He was the first thing they laid eyes on in this world, and he has remained the most important figure in their lives since.
Ducklings naturally follow their mother around, and since the man was the one who acted as their mother, these birds follow him everywhere, even up a mountain. To them it’s only natural, but the middle-aged man considers it training and conditioning for the time when he finally releases them into the wild. He would love to raise them all as pets, but knows that wouldn’t be ideal for him or the birds, so he’s making sure that they are strong enough to survive in the wild.
The video shows the ducks following the middle-aged man as he hikes up a mountain outside Seoul, stopping whenever he does and refusing to follow anyone else, even if they give the same “let’s go” command their human mother does. Unless they hear his voice and see him moving, they don’t budge. It’s actually quite remarkable. I mean, it’s one thing to see dogs acting like this, but ducklings? That’s something else.
While it’s not clear what the man does for a living, I’m pretty sure he has a lot of experience with ducks, as at one point he reveals a certificate for “father of ducklings” dated 2005.
24. What can we learn from the video?
A. The ducklings just broke through their shells.
B. The man accidentally saved some ducklings.
C. The ducklings just obeyed the man naturally.
D. The man took pride in his ducklings.
25. What’s the man’s purpose of raising the ducklings?
A. To make a living by performing.
B. To film a video to attract attention.
C. To free them into the wild one day.
D. To make a contribution to a bird reserve.
26. Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “budge” in Paragraph 4?
A. Attack. B. Move.
C. End. D. Struggle.
27. What can be the best title for the text?
A. “Father” and “mother” of cute pets
B. Man raises ducklings as his “children”
C. Ducklings also regarded as good pets
D. Amazing bond between man and animals
【答案】24. C 25. C 26. B 27. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道类阅读。文章主要讲了韩国一位中年男子把小鸭子当“孩子”养，这些小鸭子把他当成了“妈妈”，到处跟着他，很自然地服从这个人的命令。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在第三段Ducklings naturally follow their mother around, and since the man was the one who acted as their mother, these birds follow him everywhere, even up a mountain.（小鸭子很自然地会跟着它们的妈妈到处走，因为这个人就是它们的妈妈，所以这些小鸭子到处跟着他，甚至上了山。）由此可知，我们能从这个视频中得知，小鸭们很自然地服从这个人，故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在第三段To them it’s only natural, but the middle-aged man considers it training and conditioning for the time when he finally releases them into the wild.（对它们来说，这是很自然的，但是中年男人认为这是为它们最终被放归野外而进行的训练。）由此可知，这个男子养小鸭的目的是有一天把它们放归野外，故选C。
【26题详解】
词义猜测题。上文The video shows the ducks following the middle-aged man as he hikes up a mountain outside Seoul, stopping whenever he does and refusing to follow anyone else, even if they give the same “let’s go” command their human mother does.意思是视频显示，当这名中年男子爬上首尔郊外的一座山时，鸭子们跟着他，无论他什么时候停下来，它们都不愿跟着任何人，即使给它们发出和人类母亲同样的“让我们走”命令。由此可知，Unless they hear his voice and see him moving, they don’t budge.意思是除非它们听到他的声音，看到他在动，否则它们不会动。“budge”意思是移动，A. Attack.攻击；B. Move.移动；C. End.结束；D. Struggle.努力，故选B。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段A video that recently went viral in the western world shows the cute birds following their “mother” on a mountain hike and listening to his every command.（最近在西方世界走红的一段视频显示，这些可爱的小鸟跟随它们的“妈妈”爬山，听从他的每一个命令。）是全文的主题句，结合全文内容可知，这篇文章最好的题目是人类把小鸭子当“孩子”养，故选B。
【点睛】细节理解题的解题思路：
细节理解题就是我们常见的wh-题，它们大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节，做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题和选项有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。例如小题2，答案定位在第三段To them it’s only natural, but the middle-aged man considers it training and conditioning for the time when he finally releases them into the wild.（对它们来说，这是很自然的，但是中年男人认为这是为它们最终被放归野外而进行的训练。）由此可知，这个男子养小鸭的目的是有一天把它们放归野外，故选C。
C
When Zbynek Frolik needed new employees to handle increasing orders at his factories in central Bohemia, he sent out advertisements across the Czech Republic. But in a prosperous economy where nearly everyone had work, there were few takers. Raising wages didn’t help. Nor did offers to subsidize(补贴) housing. So he turned to the robots.
“We can’t find enough humans,” said Mr. Frolik, whose company, Linet, makes hospital beds sold in over 100 countries. “So we’re trying to replace people with machines wherever we can.”
Such talk usually makes people think of a future where employees are no longer needed. In many major economies, companies are experimenting with replacing factory workers, truck drivers and even lawyers with artificial intelligence.
But in Eastern Europe, robots are being enlisted as the solution for a shortage of workers. Often they are helping to create new types of jobs as businesses in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia and Poland try to stay competitive. Economic growth in these countries has averaged 5 percent in recent years, affected by the global recovery. A booming economy has reduced the jobless rate to just 2.4 percent, the lowest in the European Union.
The lack of manpower, however, has limited the ability of Czech companies to expand. Nearly a third of them have started to turn away orders, according to the Czech Confederation of Industry, a trade group.
“It’s becoming a brake on growth,” said Jaroslav Hanak, the organization’s president. “If businesses don’t increase robotization and artificial intelligence, they’ll disappear.”
Some factories in Eastern Europe are already on the way. At Elko EP, which makes industrial timers for companies like General Electric, 70 percent of production is automated, and the company is aiming to be almost fully robotized in a few years. In a corner of the factory, robots have taken over routine manufacturing(制造业) tasks. Jiri Konecny, the company’s CEO, moved factory floor workers to more complex roles, and focused hundreds of other employees on research and development. “If we hadn’t invested early in automation, we’d be dead by now,” he said.
28. What is the problem that Czech Republic is facing?
A. It’s hard to find human workers.
B. It’s population is decreasing greatly.
C. Robots are now welcome at factory work.
D. Employees do not want to do factory work.
29. Which of the following may have contributed to the problem in Eastern Europe according to Paragraph 4?
A. Tough competition. B. Advanced technology.
C. A low birth rate. D. A fast-growing economy.
30. How might Jaroslav Hanak feel about the future of Czech companies?
A. Puzzled B. Worried.
C. Surprised D. Hopeful.
31. What should companies do to survive?
A. Change their policies.
B. Turn to other countries for help.
C. Employ qualified human workers.
D. Spend more money on automation.
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. B 31. D
【解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了经济快速的增长，导致一些国家很难找到人类工人。公司应该花更多的钱在自动化上，使之得以生存。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。答案定位在第一段But in a prosperous economy where nearly everyone had work, there were few takers. Raising wages didn’t help. Nor did offers to subsidize(补贴) housing. So he turned to the robots.（但在一个几乎人人都有工作的繁荣经济中，很少有人愿意接受。提高工资也无济于事。政府也没有提供住房补贴。于是他转向机器人。）由此推断出，捷克共和国面临的问题是很难找到人类工人，故选A。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。答案定位在第四段Economic growth in these countries has averaged 5 percent in recent years, affected by the global recovery. A booming economy has reduced the jobless rate to just 2.4 percent, the lowest in the European Union.（受全球经济复苏的影响，这些国家近年来的经济增长率平均为5%。蓬勃发展的经济使失业率降至2.4%，为欧盟最低水平。）由此推断出，快速增长的经济可能导致了东欧的问题，故选D。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。答案定位在第六段 “It’s becoming a brake on growth,” said Jaroslav Hanak, the organization’s president. “If businesses don’t increase robotization and artificial intelligence, they’ll disappear.”（ 该组织主席aroslav Hanak说：“这正在成为增长的绊脚石。如果企业不增加机器人化和人工智能，它们就会消失。”）由此推断出，Jaroslav Hanak对捷克公司的未来很担忧。A. Puzzled困惑的；B. Worried.担心的；C. Surprised感到惊讶的；D. Hopeful. 有希望的，故选B。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在最后一段 “If we hadn’t invested early in automation, we’d be dead by now,” he said.（他说:“如果我们没有早期在自动化方面投资，我们现在早就死了。”）由此可知，公司应该花更多的钱在自动化上，使之得以生存，故选D。
D
A rainy day can be a chance to recharge. While you relaxed on the sofa with a movie, the raindrops falling on your windows might one day provide the power for your TV. This is the idea behind an invention that harvests energy from water.
The technology is based on the triboelectric (摩擦电的)effect. An engineer at the University of Hawaii, David Ma knew that it’s possible to generate electricity by rubbing two things together. So, he thought, “Why don’t we use water?”
A drop of water sliding across a surface coated with two different materials would generate enough friction to create an electrical charge. By placing metal wires that the drop of water touched as it moved, it should be possible to harvest electricity, he reasoned.
It worked. In fact, the researchers lit up 15 LED bulbs with a single moving water drop.
This is not the first time that scientists have got electricity from water-generated friction( 摩 擦 ). Earlier experiments, though, harvested the charge produced in a surface by a sliding drop of water. There, the surface had acted as an electrode(电极). This is different. The energy of friction is being harvested from the water itself.
“It turns out,” Ma says, “the charge in the water drop is way more than the charge produced in the other electrode.” In fact, his team’s model generated almost 100 times more power than previous experiments from a single drop of water.
“The technology could someday power phones, sensors or other small electronics,” says Christopher Oshman, an engineer at the Colorado School of Mines. “This work is a step toward harvesting the energy of moving objects all around us, including ourselves, to power the electronic appliances we use every day,” he says.
Ma has shown that the technology can work in a lab, Oshman says. Next, the Colorado researcher would like to see it tried on a larger scale, such as on an umbrella.
32. How did the author introduce the topic of the text?
A. By telling a story.
B. By raising a question.
C. By giving an example.
D. By imagining a situation
33. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. The wire. B. The drop of water.
C. The surface. D. The electricity.
34. What is unique about Ma’s technique compared with earlier experiments?
A. The water itself acts as an electrode.
B. It is based on the triboelectric effect.
C. It produces electricity from water-made friction.
D. It uses a surface coated with two different materials.
35. What does Oshman say about Ma’s technology?
A. It has a promising future.
B. It will do well on an umbrella.
C. It works well in the real world.
D. It will replace batteries someday.
【答案】32. D 33. B 34. A 35. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了夏威夷大学的工程师David Ma认为摩擦两件东西来发电是可能的。事实上，研究人员用一颗移动的水滴点亮了15个LED灯泡。这项技术有一天可以为手机、传感器或其他小型电子产品提供动力。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。第一段A rainy day can be a chance to recharge. While you relaxed on the sofa with a movie, the raindrops falling on your windows might one day provide the power for your TV. This is the idea behind an invention that harvests energy from water.意思是雨天可能是一个充电的机会。当你在沙发上看电影放松时，落在窗户上的雨滴也许有一天会为你的电视提供能量。这就是一项从水中获取能量的发明背后的理念。由此可知，作者通过想象一个情景，引出文章的主题，故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。上文By placing metal wires that the drop of water touched as it moved说通过放置金属丝，水滴在移动时接触到金属丝。由此可知，下文it should be possible to harvest electricity, he reasoned.的意思是水滴应该可以获得电力。it指的是水滴，故选B。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在倒数第四段Earlier experiments, though, harvested the charge produced in a surface by a sliding drop of water. There, the surface had acted as an electrode(电极). This is different. The energy of friction is being harvested from the water itself.（然而，早期的实验是通过水滴的滑动来收集表面产生的电荷。在那里，表面起着电极的作用。这是不同的。摩擦力是从水本身获得的。）由此可知，与早期的实验相比，Ma的技术的独特之处在于水本身起着电极的作用，故选A。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。答案定位在倒数第二段 “The technology could someday power phones, sensors or other small electronics,” says Christopher Oshman, an engineer at the Colorado School of Mines. “This work is a step toward harvesting the energy of moving objects all around us, including ourselves, to power the electronic appliances we use every day,” he says.（科罗拉多矿业学院的工程师Christopher Oshman说:“这项技术有一天可以为手机、传感器或其他小型电子产品提供动力。”他说:“这项工作向收集我们周围移动物体的能量迈出了一步，包括我们自己，为我们每天使用的电器提供动力。”）由此推断出，Oshman认为Ma的技术有一个光明的未来，故选A。
第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
During his 2009 TED Global talk, sound consultant Julian Treasure said there are four major ways that sound affects human. What do fire alarms, car noises and alarm clocks all have in common? Their sound affects us physiologically ( 生 理 上 地 ). _____36_____ Heart rate increases and breath quickens as the body prepares to fight a possible threat or run for survival. But a physiological response to sound isn't always upsetting. The rhythmic(有节奏 的 ) frequency of ocean waves roughly matches the rhythm of a sleeping person’s breathing . _____37_____
The second way sound affects us is psychological— it makes us feel. Have you ever heard a piece of music that makes you sad? Whether it’s a sad song that brings tears to your eyes or a funny song that makes you laugh, music can make us feel a range of emotions. _____38_____ When we hear the comforting singing of birds, we know things are good and safe.
___39___ The brain tries to get meaning from the words and sentences we hear. When your mom, dad, and little brother are all talking at once at the dinner table, the competing voices make it hard to focus. Our brains have a very small bandwidth for processing auditory ( 听 觉 的 ) input, says Treasure. No wonder it's annoying when someone keeps talking during a movie!
Finally, sound may cause behavioral changes. _____40_____ People tend to walk away from loud or annoying sounds and toward pleasant sounds.
Next time a fire engine screams past, birds start singing or you hear a sorrowful pop song, stop, listen, and think about the many ways sound influences you.
A. Also, sound affects how we think.
B. Birdsong also affects us psychologically.
C. In other words, they make our bodies react.
D. Unpleasant sounds affect our physical health.
E. In fact, some music can put you in a good mood .
F. Drivers who listen to fat-paced music may speed up.
G. When we hear the ocean rise and fall, the sound relaxes our bodies.
【答案】36. C 37. G
38. B 39. A
40. F
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了声音如何从生理上和心理上影响我们。
【36题详解】
上文Their sound affects us physiologically ( 生 理 上 地 ). 说它们的声音影响我们的生理。下文 Heart rate increases and breath quickens as the body prepares to fight a possible threat or run for survival.说心跳加快，呼吸加快，因为身体准备对抗可能的威胁或为生存而奔跑。该空承上启下，C选项“换句话说，它们使我们的身体做出反应。”切题，故选C。
【37题详解】
上文The rhythmic(有节奏 的 ) frequency of ocean waves roughly matches the rhythm of a sleeping person’s breathing .说海浪有节奏的频率大致与睡觉人的呼吸节奏相匹配。该空承接上文，G选项“当我们听到大海涨落的声音，我们的身体就会得到放松。”切题，故选G。
【38题详解】
下文When we hear the comforting singing of birds, we know things are good and safe.说当我们听到鸟儿惬意的歌唱，我们知道事情是好的和安全的。该空引出下文，B选项“鸟儿的歌唱也影响我们的心理”切题，故选B。
【39题详解】
这一段The brain tries to get meaning from the words and sentences we hear. When your mom, dad, and little brother are all talking at once at the dinner table, the competing voices make it hard to focus. Our brains have a very small bandwidth for processing auditory input, says Treasure. No wonder it's annoying when someone keeps talking during a movie!的意思是大脑试图从我们听到的单词和句子中获得意义。当你的妈妈、爸爸和弟弟在餐桌上同时说话时，相互竞争的声音让你很难集中注意力。Treasure说，我们的大脑处理听觉输入的带宽非常小。难怪有人在看电影时不停地说话很烦人!所以这一段的标题应该是“此外，声音影响我们的思维方式。”故选A。
【40题详解】
上文Finally, sound may cause behavioral changes. 说最后，声音可能导致行为变化。下文 People tend to walk away from loud or annoying sounds and toward pleasant sounds.说人们倾向于远离嘈杂或恼人的声音，而转向悦耳的声音。该空承上启下，F选项“听高节奏音乐的司机可能会加快车速。”切题，故选F。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分)
第一节 (共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Every morning, little Kate makes the day of bus driver John Reed.
The Milwaukee kid is known to wave and jump up and down as Reed's bus___41___ to her stop. So when Reed’s___42___ changed, he knew he had to___43___ a proper goodbye to the 4-year-old girl, for all the sweet ___44___ from the angel.
“Good morning, sweetie!” he greeted the child and her mom, Tracy. “I got you a ___45___, I got you a book and there's something else in there for you,” he told Kate as he handed her a shining bag. The sweet moment was recorded by the security___46___ inside the bus.
“My daughter is very happy,” Tracy told InsideEdition.com on Friday. “That's just her___47___. In the morning, when she sees him coming, she gets very___48___. They just___49___ a friendship.”
Inside Kate’s card, Reed wrote: "I can___50___ say that over the past months you have been my favorite bus passenger. Your happy smile and ___51___ everyday Good Mornings have ___52___ my every day. I want to thank you for being a GREAT EXAMPLE for others to___53___.”
Tracy was so ___54___ with Reed’s kindness that she visited her Facebook account to ___55___ her daughter's special connection to the bus driver. “Every morning Kate and I take the city bus to school and work,” she wrote. “We try to always take the___56___ bus because we made friends with the driver Reed.”
“She is ___57___ excited to see him, she always ___58___ him a good morning, and tells him the latest news in her 4-year-old life. She___59___ him a Valentine, and he gave her one too. They are best friends.”
Tracy ___60___ seeing Reed on her morning commute( 通 勤 ). “Though my new driver is perfectly nice, he’s no John Reed, "she said.
41. A. moves around B. pulls up C. tracks down D. shows up
42. A. service B. road C. offer D. route
43. A. deliver B. send C. leave D. wave
44. A. rides B. smiles C. memories D. words
45. A. bag B. gift C. parcel D. card
46. A. guard B. camera C. door D. system
47. A. way B. habit C. spirit D. look
48. A. moved B. amused C. excited D. relaxed
49. A. increased B. recovered C. created D. developed
50. A. eventually B. honestly C. directly D. proudly
51. A. warm B. formal C. modest D. natural
52. A. honored B. hatched C. brightened D. inspired
53. A. observe B. repeat C. follow D. appreciate
54. A. satisfied B. filled C. presented D. impressed
55. A. announce B. explain C. expose D. discuss
56. A. safe B. right C. old D. same
57. A. more than B. anything but C. still D. even
58. A. tells B. wishes C. awards D. shows
59. A. promised B. printed C. wrote D. signed
60. A. continues B. keeps C. considers D. misses
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A 44. C 45. D 46. B 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. B 51. A 52. C 53. C 54. D 55. B 56. D 57. A 58. B 59. C 60. D
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了Tracy四岁的女儿Kate和她们每日乘坐的巴士司机Reed成了好朋友。由于Reed的行车路线改变，Reed不得不与Kate道别，并送给她一些礼物。Tracy想念早上上班路上见到John Reed的情景。
【41题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。根据to her stop.可知这里意思是当Reed的车停在她的站点时，这个孩子会挥手，跳上跳下。A. moves around走来走去；B. pulls up停下；C. tracks down追捕；D. shows up露面，故选B。
【42题详解】
考查名词辨析。根据 “Though my new driver is perfectly nice, he’s no John Reed, "she said.可知Reed的行车路线改变。A. service服务；B. road公路；C. offer提供；D. route路线，故选D。
【43题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：他知道他不得不向这个四岁的小女孩递送一个合适的道别，因为这个天使给了他所有美好的回忆。A. deliver递送；B. send发送；C. leave离开；D. wave挥手示意，故选A。
【44题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：他知道他不得不向这个四岁的小女孩递送一个合适的道别，因为这个天使给了他所有美好的回忆。A. rides乘坐；B. smiles微笑；C. memories记忆；D. words言语，故选C。
【45题详解】
考查名词辨析。根据Inside Kate’s card 可知这里意思是我给你一张卡片。A. bag书包； B. gift礼物；C. parcel包裹；D. card卡片，故选D。
【46题详解】
考查名词辨析。根据The sweet moment was recorded可知自然是车里的安全摄影仪记录下了这一切。A. guard守卫；B. camera摄影仪；C. door门；D. system系统，故选B。
【47题详解】
考查名词辨析。根据In the morning, when she sees him coming, she gets very___8___. 可知这里意思是那是她自己的方式。A. way方式；B. habit习惯；C. spirit精神； D. look样子，故选A。
【48题详解】
考查形容词辨析。根据The Milwaukee kid is known to wave and jump up and down as Reed's bus___1___ to her stop. 可知早上，当她看到他来的时候，她非常兴奋。A. moved感动的；B. amused被逗乐的；C. excited兴奋的；D. relaxed放松的，故选C。
【49题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：他们刚刚发展了友谊。A. increased增长；B. recovered恢复；C. created创造；D. developed发展，故选D。
【50题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：我可以真诚地说，在过去的几个月里，你一直是我最喜欢的公交车乘客。A. eventually最后；B. honestly真诚地；C. directly直接地；D. proudly傲慢地，故选B。
【51题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：你幸福的微笑和每日的温暖的“早上好”照亮了我的每一天。A. warm温暖的；B. formal正式的；C. modest谦虚的；D. natural自然的，故选A。
【52题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：你幸福的微笑和每日的温暖的“早上好”照亮了我的每一天。A. honored尊敬；B. hatched孵化；C. brightened照亮；D. inspired鼓舞，故选C。
【53题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我要感谢你为别人树立了一个追随的好榜样。A. observe观察；B. repeat重复；C. follow追随； D. appreciate欣赏，故选C。
【54题详解】
考查形容词辨析。根据she visited her Facebook account to ___15___ her daughter's special connection to the bus driver. 可知Tracy 非常受感动。A. satisfied感到满意的；B. filled充满的；C. presented提出；D. impressed受感动的，故选D。
【55题详解】
考查动词辨析。根据 “Every morning Kate and I take the city bus to school and work,” she wrote. “We try to always take the___16___ bus because we made friends with the driver Reed.”可知她访问了自己的Facebook账户，解释了女儿与巴士司机的特殊关系。A. announce宣布；B. explain解释；C. expose揭露；D. discuss讨论，故选B。
【56题详解】
考查形容词辨析。根据because we made friends with the driver Reed.可知这里意思是我们尽量总是坐同一辆公共汽车。A. safe安全的；B. right正确的；C. old年老的； D. same相同的，故选D。
【57题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：她见到他不只是非常兴奋，她总是祝他早上好，并告诉他她四岁生活中的最新消息。A. more than不只是；B. anything but根本不；C. still仍然；D. even甚至，故选A。
【58题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：她见到他不只是非常兴奋，她总是祝他早上好，并告诉他她四岁生活中的最新消息。A. tells 告诉；B. wishes祝福；C. awards奖赏；D. shows出示，故选B。
【59题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：她给他写了一张情人节卡片，他也给了她一张。A. promised承诺；B. printed印刷；C. wrote写；D. signed署名，故选C。
【60题详解】
考查动词辨析。根据 “Though my new driver is perfectly nice, he’s no John Reed, "she said.可知这里意思是Tracy想念早上上班路上见到John Reed的情景。A. continues继续；B. keeps保留；C. considers考虑；D. misses想念，故选D。
第二节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 2017, eleven million deaths worldwide___61___ (link) to people eating diets high in sugar, salt and processed meat. Those foods were___62___ (part) to blame for heart disease, cancer and diabetes, a new study found, ___63___ followed eating trends in 195 countries from 1990 to 2017. The findings were reported in the publication The Lancet. Researchers___64___ (consider) 15 dietary elements ( 因 素 ), such as diets low in fruits, vegetables, whole grains and milk. They also looked at diets high in red meat, processed meat, and sugar-sweetened drinks.
“Poor diet is responsible___65___ more deaths than any other risk factor in the world,” said Chris Murray, director of the Institute for Health Metrics ( 指 标 ) and ___66___ (evaluate) at the University of Washington, which led the work. The study found people ate only 12 percent of the recommended amount of nuts and seeds— an average intake of 3 grams a day. For good health,___67___ (expert) say, you should eat 21 grams of nuts and seeds every day.
The study also found that people drank more than 10 times the recommended amount of sugary drinks. Another study___68___ (publish) in January suggested ___69___ “perfect diet” for the health of people and the planet would include a doubling of the consumption of nuts, fruits, and vegetables. Such a diet would also include ___70___(drop)by half the amount of meat and sugar consumed.
【答案】61. were linked
62. partly 63. which
64. considered
65. for 66. Evaluation
67. experts
68. published
69. a 70. dropping
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了2017年，全球有1100万人因食用高糖、高盐和高加工肉类而死亡。今年1月发表的另一项研究表明，为了人类和地球的健康，一份“完美的饮食”应该包括将坚果、水果和蔬菜的消费量增加一倍。
【61题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：2017年，全球有1100万人因食用高糖、高盐和高加工肉类而死亡。描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时。“死亡”和“关联”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，所以填were linked。
【62题详解】
考查副词。句意：一项新研究发现，这些食物是导致心脏病、癌症和糖尿病的部分原因，该研究跟踪了1990年至2017年195个国家的饮食趋势。该空修饰整个句子，用副词，所以填partly。
【63题详解】
考查定语从句。___3___ followed eating trends in 195 countries from 1990 to 2017.是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是a new study found，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，所以填which。
【64题详解】
考查时态。句意：研究人员考虑了15种饮食元素，比如水果、蔬菜、全谷物和牛奶含量较低的饮食。描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以填considered。
【65题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：世界上，饮食不良导致的死亡比任何其他危险因素都要多。be responsible for是……的原因，该短语是固定短语，所以填for。
【66题详解】
考查名词。句意：领导这项研究的是华盛顿大学健康指标和评估研究所所长克里斯·默里。Health Metrics and Evaluation健康指标和评估，这是一个专有名词，且首字母大写，所以填Evaluation。
【67题详解】
考查名词单复数。句意：专家说，为了身体健康，你应该每天吃21克坚果和种子。“专家”是复数意义，用名词复数，所以填experts。
【68题详解】
考查时态。句意：今年1月发表的另一项研究表明，为了人类和地球的健康，一份“完美的饮食”应该包括将坚果、水果和蔬菜的消费量增加一倍。描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以填published。
【69题详解】
考查冠词。句意：今年1月发表的另一项研究表明，为了人类和地球的健康，一份“完美的饮食”应该包括将坚果、水果和蔬菜的消费量增加一倍。泛指“一份完美的饮食”，且perfect的首字母发音是辅音，所以填不定冠词a。
【70题详解】
考查固定用法。句意：这样的饮食还包括减少一半的肉类和糖的摄入量。include doing包括做，该用法是固定用法，所以填dropping。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 35 分)
第一节 短文改错(共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分)
71.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。
Today was my father’s birthday, which was so a big day for me, so I wanted to give him surprise. My father always gave me that I wanted. He was busy but tried her best to do something for me. Actual, he was a great father for me. I told my mother that I wanted to make a dish for my father and she is very happy to teaching me. So when I went home after school, I rushed to the kitchen, prepared for the food. With my mother’s help, I was very confident. When my father went home, he was very happy and praised for me a lot. He said this was the biggest presents he had received.
【答案】第一处： so→such
第二处： surprise前面加上a
第三处： that→what
第四处： her→his
第五处： Actual→Actually
第六处： is→was
第七处： teaching→teach
第八处： prepared→preparing
第九处：去掉praised for 中的for
第十处： presents→present
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了在作者父亲生日那一天，作者为父亲亲手做了一道菜。父亲很高兴，表扬了作者，并且说这是他收到的最大的礼物。
【详解】第一处：考查常见用法。句意：今天是我父亲的生日，对我来说是一个非常重要的日子，所以我想给他一个惊喜。so是副词，用来修饰形容词或副词；such是形容词，用来修饰名词(名词前面可以带形容词，也可以不带)，所以so改成such。
第二处：考查冠词。句意：今天是我父亲的生日，对我来说是一个非常重要的日子，所以我想给他一个惊喜。泛指“一个惊喜”，surprise的首字母发音是辅音，所以surprise前面加上a。
第三处：考查宾语从句。句意：我父亲总是给我想要的东西。这里含有一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，表示“我想要的东西”，用what引导，所以that改成what。
第四处：考查代词。句意：他很忙，但尽他最大的努力为我做些事情。文中表示“尽他最大的努力”，所以her改成his。
第五处：考查副词。句意：事实上，他是我的好父亲。修饰整个句子，用副词，所以Actual改成Actually。
第六处：考查时态。句意：我告诉我的母亲，我想为我的父亲做一道菜，她很乐意教我。描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以is改成was。
第七处：考查固定句型。句意：我告诉我的母亲，我想为我的父亲做一道菜，她很乐意教我。be happy to do乐于做某事，所以teaching改成teach。
第八处：考查非谓语动词。prepare的逻辑主语是I，它们之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，所以prepared改成preparing。
第九处：考查动词。句意：当我爸爸回家的时候，他很高兴，表扬了我。praise是一个及物动词，后面直接接宾语，所以去掉praised for 中的for。
第十处：考查名词单复数。句意：他说这是他收到的最大的礼物。文中“最大的礼物”是单数意义，用名词单数，所以presents改成present。
第二节 书面表达(满分 25 分)
72.假定你是学生会主席李华,你校将举办主题为“祖国颂”的庆祝建国70周年文艺演出,你将邀请你的英国朋友Joe观看这场演出。请你写封邮件向他介绍有关情况,内容包括：
1．举办的时间和地点;
2．活动的目的;
3．活动的内容。
注意：
1．词数100左右;
2．可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3．参考词汇：祖国颂Ode to Our Motherland;周年纪念日anniversary.
Dear Joe,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Joe,
On behalf of our school Students' Union, I'm delighted to invite you to watch the performance themed "Ode to Our Motherland". Here is some detailed information.
The performance will be held from 9 to 11 on September 28, 2019 in our school hall. It is intended to celebrate the 70th Anniversary of the founding of PRC, which will arouse students' patriotism and foster national pride. In praise of great achievements our country has made in recent decades, we have arranged different kinds of activities, such as poem recitals, dancing, singing and etc., creating a vigorous festival atmosphere. How eager we are for the early arrival of the day!
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封电子邮件。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件：假定你是学生会主席李华,你校将举办主题为“祖国颂”的庆祝建国70周年文艺演出,你将邀请你的英国朋友Joe观看这场演出。请你写封邮件向他介绍有关情况,内容包括：举办的时间和地点；活动的目的；活动的内容。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：On behalf of our school Students' Union（代表学生会）；some detailed information（一些细节信息）；In praise of great achievements（称赞伟大的成就）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。同时文中使用高级句子。The performance will be held from 9 to 11 on September 28, 2019 in our school hall.句中使用一般将来时态的被动语态；It is intended to celebrate the 70th Anniversary of the founding of PRC, which will arouse students' patriotism and foster national pride.句中which引导非限制性定语从句；In praise of great achievements our country has made in recent decades,句中过去分词做后置定语。
英语试卷
考试时间:2019 年 05 月 25 日下午 15:00—17:00 试卷满分:150 分
A. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
B. 选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
C. 非选择题的作答:用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
D. 考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.
What is the cause of the woman’s quietness?
A. The violent film. B. Her tiredness. C. The crowded theater.
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】M:You’ve been quiet since we left the theater. What’s the matter? Didn’t you like the movie? W:No. I’m tired of all that blood and people killing each other.
M:Hold on! You saw how full the theater was. People like it.
2.
How does the man know about animals?
A. From books. B. On TV. C. Through the Internet.
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】W:Tim, I read your online article about animals. You really know a lot about them. You must read lots of books on them.
M:Actually I like watching the Animal World program on TV. And I learn from it.
3.
What does the man ask the woman to do?
A. Give her ID card to him. B. Move a table. C. Sign for a parcel.
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】W:Could you please sign for a parcel for me this afternoon?
M:Sure. Just give me your ID card. Oh, tell me where I’ll put your parcel. W:Just leave it on the table.
4.此处有音频，请去附件查看】
Why doesn’t the man want to eat?
A. He’s feeling a little sick.
B. He doesn’t like the food.
C. He ate something just now.
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】M:I’m home!
W:Hi sweetie. Look! I’ve made apple pies, seafood salad and … What’s wrong? You don’t feel well? Or you don’t like the food?
M:To be honest, I’m not hungry. I just had a hamburger and fries. I didn’t know you were making something.
5.
What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A picnic. B. The weather. C. A forecast.
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】W:If it is still this hot tomorrow, we may as well give up the idea of having a picnic in the afternoon.
M:Oh, I don’t think it’ll last long. The forecast says it will be cloudy by mid-afternoon.
第二节(共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. Why doesn’t the man want the telephone sales job?
A. It needs working long hours.
B. It is not suitable for him.
C. It doesn’t pay well.
7. What does the man think of the job on the ship?
A. Attractive. B. Boring. C. Tiring.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
W:I really need to find a job now!
M:So do I. Do you see anything good listed?
W:How about this telephone sales job? You call people and try to sell them magazines. M:That sounds boring. And anyway, I’m not good at selling.
W:Well I am! I might check that one out. Oh, here’s one for you. An entertainment director assistant on a ship. M:That sounds fun. I love traveling, and I’ve never been on a ship.
W:It says here you have to work every day while the ship is at sea. That’ll be tiring. M:That’s OK. I don’t mind working long hours if the pay is good. I think I’ll apply for it.
【6题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【7题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What does the woman advise the man to focus on?
A. The price. B. The quality. C. The model.
9. What will the speakers do next?
A. Continue to shop. B. Visit a gym. C. Go to the cashier.
【答案】8. B 9. C
【解析】
M:Which coffee maker do you think I should buy? This model is cheaper, but the one over there is of higher quality.
W:If you buy a cheap one, you’ll just have to replace it after a short while, and that will cost you more in the long run.
M:I think you’re right. I’ll go with the more expensive one. Oh look! It is on sale! I’ll get a 20 percent discount on it.
W:Yes, it’s a bargain.
M:Do you need more time or are you ready to head to the check-out line? W:Let’s go to the check-out line, because I still have to visit the gym today.
【8题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【9题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. What does Craig do?
A. A reporter. B. A gym teacher. C. A youth center clerk.
11. Why does the woman dislike Craig?
A. He talks too much.
B. He doesn’t work hard.
C. He lacks the sense of humor.
12. What does the woman say about Andy?
A. He is not fun. B. He is impatient. C. He is a music fan.
【答案】10. A 11. C 12. B
【解析】
M:Tell me about the man you met on the weekend. What’s his name?
W:Oh, it’s Craig. He was alright, I guess. He works so hard — he is a reporter and he also volunteers at a youth center. I really admire him. But
M:But …?
W: He’s just too serious. I mean, all he wanted to talk about was politics and classical music. I really don’t like
people who are too serious.
M:What about the other man you met before? Andy, the gym teacher, right? He sounded like a fun person. W:Yeah. But he talked too much.
M:You went hiking with him, didn’t you?
W:Yeah. It turned out he’s not very patient. He wanted to get to the end of the track and I just wasn’t fast enough.
That wasn’t much fun.
【10题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【11题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【12题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题
13. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Workmates. B. Husband and wife. C. Brother and sister.
14. What is the woman going to do?
A. Meet some customers.
B. Prepare for a party.
C. Meet her college friends.
15. What does the man suggest the woman wear?
A. A purple dress.
B. White shoes.
C. A white diamond necklace.
16. Where will the man go first?
A. To his company. B. To a school. C. To his parents’ home.
【答案】13. B 14. A 15. C 16. B
【解析】
M:Why are you so dressed up?
W:I am on my way out to the celebration party of my company. And I have to meet some important customers there. How do I look? Is my make-up OK?
M:You look great. Your make-up is also perfect. W:Do you think I should wear a different dress?
M:No, the one you have on looks great, especially with your purple shoes and your hair like that. W:Thanks for saying so. Do you have any ideas which necklace I should wear?
M:With that dress I’d say your white diamond necklace would look perfect. W:Thanks for helping out. Now that I’m ready, what are you doing tonight? M:Don’t you remember? I have a get-together party with my college friends. W:Oh, yes. But who is going to pick up our daughter at school?
M:Don’t worry. I’ll pick her up and then send her to my parents before I go.
【13题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【14题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【15题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【16题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. How long is the library open a day?
A. Eight hours. B. Ten hours. C. Fourteen hours.
18. When does the Reception stop working?
A. On Fridays. B. On Saturdays. C. On Sundays.
19. How can a book be renewed?
A. By going to the library personally.
B. By telephoning the library.
C. By e-mailing the library.
20. How much should a student pay if returning a book a week late?
A. £2. B. £5. C. £6.
【答案】17. C 18. C 19. A 20. A
【解析】
W: Now, let me tell you a bit about the library. The library opens daily from 8:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m., as I told you earlier. The Reception operates only between the hours of 9:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m., but it operates until 6:30
p.m. on Fridays to give students more time to organize their book requirements for the weekend. The Reception is closed on Sundays. So you can’t borrow books that day. Undergraduate students are permitted to take out four books at a time and each book may be kept for a period of two weeks. Postgraduates may borrow six books at a time. Borrowing time can be lengthened by a period of one week per book, but the student needs to come into the library in person with the book to be renewed. We do not renew book borrowings over the phone or by e-mails. If you are late in returning any book, then you will be charged a fine of two pounds for every week that you are late. You won’t be able to take out any books until this fine is paid. This is not a method of earning money for the library but only what we have to do to ensure that all students have access to all the books that they will need.
【17题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【18题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【19题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【20题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Performances
Let’s Face the Music
Ria Jones the world-famous star of Evita, Cats, and Les Miserables, returns home for two special concerts.
Proving that there is more to her than a great gift for singing the great show songs, Ria invites you on a memorable journey that goes from musical to classical and from classical to pop. Songs from Miss Saigon perfectly mix with Disney favorites from Beauty and the Beast along with some popular standards for a great evening in the company of a very special vocal talent.
Song Recital
Judy Coe performs widely as a soloist( 独 唱 者 ) in America and is also a music teacher. The programme includes songs from Porgy and Bess, a successful American opera, with special solo piano arrangements by Katherine Morris. Judy ends the concert with songs whose texts are by Shakespeare, Yeats, Eliot, Oscar Wilde and Emily Dickinson. The concert will be framed by the singing of Welsh and American music by the popular Gyrlais Male Voice Choir, directed by Meirwyn Thomas.
Mayte Martin
Mayte Martin is easily the best-known Catalan singer. She has been very popular since her early twenties, when she won a string of prizes. She has taken part in Barcelona’s WOMAD festivals and in the Gipsy King’s celebrated festival Mosaique Gitane at Nimes. She will be accompanied by her regular solo guitarist, two dancers and a “clapper”.
The Adventure of Malic
This show is about the fantastically dangerous life of an imaginary Iberian character called Malic. In this show he visits China and gets into fights with dragons and then travels to Barcelona where he comes across many dangerous characters. The show is told using Chinese shadow puppets ( 皮 影 ), beautifully handled, with a live narrator-musician who gives life to the show in English.
21. Who will perform Disney songs?
A. Judy Coe. B. Ria Jones.
C. Mayte Martin. D. Katherine Morris.
22. In which performance can you enjoy famous writers’ works?
A. Song Recital B. Mayte Martin
C. Let’s Face the Music D. The Adventure of Marlic
23. What do we know about “The Adventure of Marlic”
A. It was made in Chinese.
B. It was shot in Barcelona.
C. It is based on a true adventure story.
D. It is presented through a traditional Chinese art form.
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇广告布告类阅读。文章主要介绍了几场演出。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在Let’s Face the Music部分Ria Jones, the world-famous star of Evita, Cats, and Les Miserables, returns home for two special concerts.和Songs from Miss Saigon perfectly mix with Disney favorites from Beauty and the Beast along with some popular standards for a great evening in the company of a very special vocal talent.（西贡小姐的歌曲与迪斯尼最受欢迎的《美女与野兽》的歌曲完美地融合在一起，再加上一些流行的标准，与一位非常特殊的声乐天才一起度过一个美好的夜晚。）由此可知，Ria Jones将表演迪士尼歌曲，故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在Song Recital部分Judy ends the concert with songs whose texts are by Shakespeare, Yeats, Eliot, Oscar Wilde and Emily Dickinson.（Judy以莎士比亚、耶茨、艾略特、奥斯卡·王尔德和艾米莉·狄金森的作品作为音乐会的结尾。）由此可知，在Song Recital表演中，你可以欣赏到著名作家的作品，故选A。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。答案定位在The Adventure of Malic部分The show is told using Chinese shadow puppets ( 皮 影 ), beautifully handled, with a live narrator-musician who gives life to the show in English.（该剧使用中国皮影戏来讲述故事，皮影戏处理得很好，还有一位现场的叙述者兼音乐家，他用英语为该剧注入了活力。）由此推断出，“The Adventure of Marlic” 是通过一种中国传统艺术形式表现出来的，故选D。
【点睛】推理判断题要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们应严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气等，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。小题3，答案定位在The Adventure of Malic部分The show is told using Chinese shadow puppets ( 皮 影 ), beautifully handled, with a live narrator-musician who gives life to the show in English.（该剧使用中国皮影戏来讲述故事，皮影戏处理得很好，还有一位现场的叙述者兼音乐家，他用英语为该剧注入了活力。）由此推断出，“The Adventure of Marlic” 是通过一种中国传统艺术形式表现出来的，故选D。
B
A South Korean man and the 21 ducklings he has been raising as his children ever since they hatched have been breaking the internet with their amazing bond. A video that recently went viral in the western world shows the cute birds following their “mother” on a mountain hike and listening to his every command.
The middle-aged man, whose name is not revealed in the video, has been taking care of his 21 ducklings ever since they were eggs, making sure the incubation( 孵 化 ) period went smoothly, and even helping the tiny birds break through their shell when it came time to hatch. He was the first thing they laid eyes on in this world, and he has remained the most important figure in their lives since.
Ducklings naturally follow their mother around, and since the man was the one who acted as their mother, these birds follow him everywhere, even up a mountain. To them it’s only natural, but the middle-aged man considers it training and conditioning for the time when he finally releases them into the wild. He would love to raise them all as pets, but knows that wouldn’t be ideal for him or the birds, so he’s making sure that they are strong enough to survive in the wild.
The video shows the ducks following the middle-aged man as he hikes up a mountain outside Seoul, stopping whenever he does and refusing to follow anyone else, even if they give the same “let’s go” command their human mother does. Unless they hear his voice and see him moving, they don’t budge. It’s actually quite remarkable. I mean, it’s one thing to see dogs acting like this, but ducklings? That’s something else.
While it’s not clear what the man does for a living, I’m pretty sure he has a lot of experience with ducks, as at one point he reveals a certificate for “father of ducklings” dated 2005.
24. What can we learn from the video?
A. The ducklings just broke through their shells.
B. The man accidentally saved some ducklings.
C. The ducklings just obeyed the man naturally.
D. The man took pride in his ducklings.
25. What’s the man’s purpose of raising the ducklings?
A. To make a living by performing.
B. To film a video to attract attention.
C. To free them into the wild one day.
D. To make a contribution to a bird reserve.
26. Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “budge” in Paragraph 4?
A. Attack. B. Move.
C. End. D. Struggle.
27. What can be the best title for the text?
A. “Father” and “mother” of cute pets
B. Man raises ducklings as his “children”
C. Ducklings also regarded as good pets
D. Amazing bond between man and animals
【答案】24. C 25. C 26. B 27. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道类阅读。文章主要讲了韩国一位中年男子把小鸭子当“孩子”养，这些小鸭子把他当成了“妈妈”，到处跟着他，很自然地服从这个人的命令。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在第三段Ducklings naturally follow their mother around, and since the man was the one who acted as their mother, these birds follow him everywhere, even up a mountain.（小鸭子很自然地会跟着它们的妈妈到处走，因为这个人就是它们的妈妈，所以这些小鸭子到处跟着他，甚至上了山。）由此可知，我们能从这个视频中得知，小鸭们很自然地服从这个人，故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在第三段To them it’s only natural, but the middle-aged man considers it training and conditioning for the time when he finally releases them into the wild.（对它们来说，这是很自然的，但是中年男人认为这是为它们最终被放归野外而进行的训练。）由此可知，这个男子养小鸭的目的是有一天把它们放归野外，故选C。
【26题详解】
词义猜测题。上文The video shows the ducks following the middle-aged man as he hikes up a mountain outside Seoul, stopping whenever he does and refusing to follow anyone else, even if they give the same “let’s go” command their human mother does.意思是视频显示，当这名中年男子爬上首尔郊外的一座山时，鸭子们跟着他，无论他什么时候停下来，它们都不愿跟着任何人，即使给它们发出和人类母亲同样的“让我们走”命令。由此可知，Unless they hear his voice and see him moving, they don’t budge.意思是除非它们听到他的声音，看到他在动，否则它们不会动。“budge”意思是移动，A. Attack.攻击；B. Move.移动；C. End.结束；D. Struggle.努力，故选B。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段A video that recently went viral in the western world shows the cute birds following their “mother” on a mountain hike and listening to his every command.（最近在西方世界走红的一段视频显示，这些可爱的小鸟跟随它们的“妈妈”爬山，听从他的每一个命令。）是全文的主题句，结合全文内容可知，这篇文章最好的题目是人类把小鸭子当“孩子”养，故选B。
【点睛】细节理解题的解题思路：
细节理解题就是我们常见的wh-题，它们大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节，做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题和选项有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。例如小题2，答案定位在第三段To them it’s only natural, but the middle-aged man considers it training and conditioning for the time when he finally releases them into the wild.（对它们来说，这是很自然的，但是中年男人认为这是为它们最终被放归野外而进行的训练。）由此可知，这个男子养小鸭的目的是有一天把它们放归野外，故选C。
C
When Zbynek Frolik needed new employees to handle increasing orders at his factories in central Bohemia, he sent out advertisements across the Czech Republic. But in a prosperous economy where nearly everyone had work, there were few takers. Raising wages didn’t help. Nor did offers to subsidize(补贴) housing. So he turned to the robots.
“We can’t find enough humans,” said Mr. Frolik, whose company, Linet, makes hospital beds sold in over 100 countries. “So we’re trying to replace people with machines wherever we can.”
Such talk usually makes people think of a future where employees are no longer needed. In many major economies, companies are experimenting with replacing factory workers, truck drivers and even lawyers with artificial intelligence.
But in Eastern Europe, robots are being enlisted as the solution for a shortage of workers. Often they are helping to create new types of jobs as businesses in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia and Poland try to stay competitive. Economic growth in these countries has averaged 5 percent in recent years, affected by the global recovery. A booming economy has reduced the jobless rate to just 2.4 percent, the lowest in the European Union.
The lack of manpower, however, has limited the ability of Czech companies to expand. Nearly a third of them have started to turn away orders, according to the Czech Confederation of Industry, a trade group.
“It’s becoming a brake on growth,” said Jaroslav Hanak, the organization’s president. “If businesses don’t increase robotization and artificial intelligence, they’ll disappear.”
Some factories in Eastern Europe are already on the way. At Elko EP, which makes industrial timers for companies like General Electric, 70 percent of production is automated, and the company is aiming to be almost fully robotized in a few years. In a corner of the factory, robots have taken over routine manufacturing(制造业) tasks. Jiri Konecny, the company’s CEO, moved factory floor workers to more complex roles, and focused hundreds of other employees on research and development. “If we hadn’t invested early in automation, we’d be dead by now,” he said.
28. What is the problem that Czech Republic is facing?
A. It’s hard to find human workers.
B. It’s population is decreasing greatly.
C. Robots are now welcome at factory work.
D. Employees do not want to do factory work.
29. Which of the following may have contributed to the problem in Eastern Europe according to Paragraph 4?
A. Tough competition. B. Advanced technology.
C. A low birth rate. D. A fast-growing economy.
30. How might Jaroslav Hanak feel about the future of Czech companies?
A. Puzzled B. Worried.
C. Surprised D. Hopeful.
31. What should companies do to survive?
A. Change their policies.
B. Turn to other countries for help.
C. Employ qualified human workers.
D. Spend more money on automation.
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. B 31. D
【解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了经济快速的增长，导致一些国家很难找到人类工人。公司应该花更多的钱在自动化上，使之得以生存。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。答案定位在第一段But in a prosperous economy where nearly everyone had work, there were few takers. Raising wages didn’t help. Nor did offers to subsidize(补贴) housing. So he turned to the robots.（但在一个几乎人人都有工作的繁荣经济中，很少有人愿意接受。提高工资也无济于事。政府也没有提供住房补贴。于是他转向机器人。）由此推断出，捷克共和国面临的问题是很难找到人类工人，故选A。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。答案定位在第四段Economic growth in these countries has averaged 5 percent in recent years, affected by the global recovery. A booming economy has reduced the jobless rate to just 2.4 percent, the lowest in the European Union.（受全球经济复苏的影响，这些国家近年来的经济增长率平均为5%。蓬勃发展的经济使失业率降至2.4%，为欧盟最低水平。）由此推断出，快速增长的经济可能导致了东欧的问题，故选D。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。答案定位在第六段 “It’s becoming a brake on growth,” said Jaroslav Hanak, the organization’s president. “If businesses don’t increase robotization and artificial intelligence, they’ll disappear.”（ 该组织主席aroslav Hanak说：“这正在成为增长的绊脚石。如果企业不增加机器人化和人工智能，它们就会消失。”）由此推断出，Jaroslav Hanak对捷克公司的未来很担忧。A. Puzzled困惑的；B. Worried.担心的；C. Surprised感到惊讶的；D. Hopeful. 有希望的，故选B。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在最后一段 “If we hadn’t invested early in automation, we’d be dead by now,” he said.（他说:“如果我们没有早期在自动化方面投资，我们现在早就死了。”）由此可知，公司应该花更多的钱在自动化上，使之得以生存，故选D。
D
A rainy day can be a chance to recharge. While you relaxed on the sofa with a movie, the raindrops falling on your windows might one day provide the power for your TV. This is the idea behind an invention that harvests energy from water.
The technology is based on the triboelectric (摩擦电的)effect. An engineer at the University of Hawaii, David Ma knew that it’s possible to generate electricity by rubbing two things together. So, he thought, “Why don’t we use water?”
A drop of water sliding across a surface coated with two different materials would generate enough friction to create an electrical charge. By placing metal wires that the drop of water touched as it moved, it should be possible to harvest electricity, he reasoned.
It worked. In fact, the researchers lit up 15 LED bulbs with a single moving water drop.
This is not the first time that scientists have got electricity from water-generated friction( 摩 擦 ). Earlier experiments, though, harvested the charge produced in a surface by a sliding drop of water. There, the surface had acted as an electrode(电极). This is different. The energy of friction is being harvested from the water itself.
“It turns out,” Ma says, “the charge in the water drop is way more than the charge produced in the other electrode.” In fact, his team’s model generated almost 100 times more power than previous experiments from a single drop of water.
“The technology could someday power phones, sensors or other small electronics,” says Christopher Oshman, an engineer at the Colorado School of Mines. “This work is a step toward harvesting the energy of moving objects all around us, including ourselves, to power the electronic appliances we use every day,” he says.
Ma has shown that the technology can work in a lab, Oshman says. Next, the Colorado researcher would like to see it tried on a larger scale, such as on an umbrella.
32. How did the author introduce the topic of the text?
A. By telling a story.
B. By raising a question.
C. By giving an example.
D. By imagining a situation
33. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. The wire. B. The drop of water.
C. The surface. D. The electricity.
34. What is unique about Ma’s technique compared with earlier experiments?
A. The water itself acts as an electrode.
B. It is based on the triboelectric effect.
C. It produces electricity from water-made friction.
D. It uses a surface coated with two different materials.
35. What does Oshman say about Ma’s technology?
A. It has a promising future.
B. It will do well on an umbrella.
C. It works well in the real world.
D. It will replace batteries someday.
【答案】32. D 33. B 34. A 35. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了夏威夷大学的工程师David Ma认为摩擦两件东西来发电是可能的。事实上，研究人员用一颗移动的水滴点亮了15个LED灯泡。这项技术有一天可以为手机、传感器或其他小型电子产品提供动力。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。第一段A rainy day can be a chance to recharge. While you relaxed on the sofa with a movie, the raindrops falling on your windows might one day provide the power for your TV. This is the idea behind an invention that harvests energy from water.意思是雨天可能是一个充电的机会。当你在沙发上看电影放松时，落在窗户上的雨滴也许有一天会为你的电视提供能量。这就是一项从水中获取能量的发明背后的理念。由此可知，作者通过想象一个情景，引出文章的主题，故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。上文By placing metal wires that the drop of water touched as it moved说通过放置金属丝，水滴在移动时接触到金属丝。由此可知，下文it should be possible to harvest electricity, he reasoned.的意思是水滴应该可以获得电力。it指的是水滴，故选B。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在倒数第四段Earlier experiments, though, harvested the charge produced in a surface by a sliding drop of water. There, the surface had acted as an electrode(电极). This is different. The energy of friction is being harvested from the water itself.（然而，早期的实验是通过水滴的滑动来收集表面产生的电荷。在那里，表面起着电极的作用。这是不同的。摩擦力是从水本身获得的。）由此可知，与早期的实验相比，Ma的技术的独特之处在于水本身起着电极的作用，故选A。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。答案定位在倒数第二段 “The technology could someday power phones, sensors or other small electronics,” says Christopher Oshman, an engineer at the Colorado School of Mines. “This work is a step toward harvesting the energy of moving objects all around us, including ourselves, to power the electronic appliances we use every day,” he says.（科罗拉多矿业学院的工程师Christopher Oshman说:“这项技术有一天可以为手机、传感器或其他小型电子产品提供动力。”他说:“这项工作向收集我们周围移动物体的能量迈出了一步，包括我们自己，为我们每天使用的电器提供动力。”）由此推断出，Oshman认为Ma的技术有一个光明的未来，故选A。
第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
During his 2009 TED Global talk, sound consultant Julian Treasure said there are four major ways that sound affects human. What do fire alarms, car noises and alarm clocks all have in common? Their sound affects us physiologically ( 生 理 上 地 ). _____36_____ Heart rate increases and breath quickens as the body prepares to fight a possible threat or run for survival. But a physiological response to sound isn't always upsetting. The rhythmic(有节奏 的 ) frequency of ocean waves roughly matches the rhythm of a sleeping person’s breathing . _____37_____
The second way sound affects us is psychological— it makes us feel. Have you ever heard a piece of music that makes you sad? Whether it’s a sad song that brings tears to your eyes or a funny song that makes you laugh, music can make us feel a range of emotions. _____38_____ When we hear the comforting singing of birds, we know things are good and safe.
___39___ The brain tries to get meaning from the words and sentences we hear. When your mom, dad, and little brother are all talking at once at the dinner table, the competing voices make it hard to focus. Our brains have a very small bandwidth for processing auditory ( 听 觉 的 ) input, says Treasure. No wonder it's annoying when someone keeps talking during a movie!
Finally, sound may cause behavioral changes. _____40_____ People tend to walk away from loud or annoying sounds and toward pleasant sounds.
Next time a fire engine screams past, birds start singing or you hear a sorrowful pop song, stop, listen, and think about the many ways sound influences you.
A. Also, sound affects how we think.
B. Birdsong also affects us psychologically.
C. In other words, they make our bodies react.
D. Unpleasant sounds affect our physical health.
E. In fact, some music can put you in a good mood .
F. Drivers who listen to fat-paced music may speed up.
G. When we hear the ocean rise and fall, the sound relaxes our bodies.
【答案】36. C 37. G
38. B 39. A
40. F
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了声音如何从生理上和心理上影响我们。
【36题详解】
上文Their sound affects us physiologically ( 生 理 上 地 ). 说它们的声音影响我们的生理。下文 Heart rate increases and breath quickens as the body prepares to fight a possible threat or run for survival.说心跳加快，呼吸加快，因为身体准备对抗可能的威胁或为生存而奔跑。该空承上启下，C选项“换句话说，它们使我们的身体做出反应。”切题，故选C。
【37题详解】
上文The rhythmic(有节奏 的 ) frequency of ocean waves roughly matches the rhythm of a sleeping person’s breathing .说海浪有节奏的频率大致与睡觉人的呼吸节奏相匹配。该空承接上文，G选项“当我们听到大海涨落的声音，我们的身体就会得到放松。”切题，故选G。
【38题详解】
下文When we hear the comforting singing of birds, we know things are good and safe.说当我们听到鸟儿惬意的歌唱，我们知道事情是好的和安全的。该空引出下文，B选项“鸟儿的歌唱也影响我们的心理”切题，故选B。
【39题详解】
这一段The brain tries to get meaning from the words and sentences we hear. When your mom, dad, and little brother are all talking at once at the dinner table, the competing voices make it hard to focus. Our brains have a very small bandwidth for processing auditory input, says Treasure. No wonder it's annoying when someone keeps talking during a movie!的意思是大脑试图从我们听到的单词和句子中获得意义。当你的妈妈、爸爸和弟弟在餐桌上同时说话时，相互竞争的声音让你很难集中注意力。Treasure说，我们的大脑处理听觉输入的带宽非常小。难怪有人在看电影时不停地说话很烦人!所以这一段的标题应该是“此外，声音影响我们的思维方式。”故选A。
【40题详解】
上文Finally, sound may cause behavioral changes. 说最后，声音可能导致行为变化。下文 People tend to walk away from loud or annoying sounds and toward pleasant sounds.说人们倾向于远离嘈杂或恼人的声音，而转向悦耳的声音。该空承上启下，F选项“听高节奏音乐的司机可能会加快车速。”切题，故选F。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分)
第一节 (共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Every morning, little Kate makes the day of bus driver John Reed.
The Milwaukee kid is known to wave and jump up and down as Reed's bus___41___ to her stop. So when Reed’s___42___ changed, he knew he had to___43___ a proper goodbye to the 4-year-old girl, for all the sweet ___44___ from the angel.
“Good morning, sweetie!” he greeted the child and her mom, Tracy. “I got you a ___45___, I got you a book and there's something else in there for you,” he told Kate as he handed her a shining bag. The sweet moment was recorded by the security___46___ inside the bus.
“My daughter is very happy,” Tracy told InsideEdition.com on Friday. “That's just her___47___. In the morning, when she sees him coming, she gets very___48___. They just___49___ a friendship.”
Inside Kate’s card, Reed wrote: "I can___50___ say that over the past months you have been my favorite bus passenger. Your happy smile and ___51___ everyday Good Mornings have ___52___ my every day. I want to thank you for being a GREAT EXAMPLE for others to___53___.”
Tracy was so ___54___ with Reed’s kindness that she visited her Facebook account to ___55___ her daughter's special connection to the bus driver. “Every morning Kate and I take the city bus to school and work,” she wrote. “We try to always take the___56___ bus because we made friends with the driver Reed.”
“She is ___57___ excited to see him, she always ___58___ him a good morning, and tells him the latest news in her 4-year-old life. She___59___ him a Valentine, and he gave her one too. They are best friends.”
Tracy ___60___ seeing Reed on her morning commute( 通 勤 ). “Though my new driver is perfectly nice, he’s no John Reed, "she said.
41. A. moves around B. pulls up C. tracks down D. shows up
42. A. service B. road C. offer D. route
43. A. deliver B. send C. leave D. wave
44. A. rides B. smiles C. memories D. words
45. A. bag B. gift C. parcel D. card
46. A. guard B. camera C. door D. system
47. A. way B. habit C. spirit D. look
48. A. moved B. amused C. excited D. relaxed
49. A. increased B. recovered C. created D. developed
50. A. eventually B. honestly C. directly D. proudly
51. A. warm B. formal C. modest D. natural
52. A. honored B. hatched C. brightened D. inspired
53. A. observe B. repeat C. follow D. appreciate
54. A. satisfied B. filled C. presented D. impressed
55. A. announce B. explain C. expose D. discuss
56. A. safe B. right C. old D. same
57. A. more than B. anything but C. still D. even
58. A. tells B. wishes C. awards D. shows
59. A. promised B. printed C. wrote D. signed
60. A. continues B. keeps C. considers D. misses
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A 44. C 45. D 46. B 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. B 51. A 52. C 53. C 54. D 55. B 56. D 57. A 58. B 59. C 60. D
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了Tracy四岁的女儿Kate和她们每日乘坐的巴士司机Reed成了好朋友。由于Reed的行车路线改变，Reed不得不与Kate道别，并送给她一些礼物。Tracy想念早上上班路上见到John Reed的情景。
【41题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。根据to her stop.可知这里意思是当Reed的车停在她的站点时，这个孩子会挥手，跳上跳下。A. moves around走来走去；B. pulls up停下；C. tracks down追捕；D. shows up露面，故选B。
【42题详解】
考查名词辨析。根据 “Though my new driver is perfectly nice, he’s no John Reed, "she said.可知Reed的行车路线改变。A. service服务；B. road公路；C. offer提供；D. route路线，故选D。
【43题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：他知道他不得不向这个四岁的小女孩递送一个合适的道别，因为这个天使给了他所有美好的回忆。A. deliver递送；B. send发送；C. leave离开；D. wave挥手示意，故选A。
【44题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：他知道他不得不向这个四岁的小女孩递送一个合适的道别，因为这个天使给了他所有美好的回忆。A. rides乘坐；B. smiles微笑；C. memories记忆；D. words言语，故选C。
【45题详解】
考查名词辨析。根据Inside Kate’s card 可知这里意思是我给你一张卡片。A. bag书包； B. gift礼物；C. parcel包裹；D. card卡片，故选D。
【46题详解】
考查名词辨析。根据The sweet moment was recorded可知自然是车里的安全摄影仪记录下了这一切。A. guard守卫；B. camera摄影仪；C. door门；D. system系统，故选B。
【47题详解】
考查名词辨析。根据In the morning, when she sees him coming, she gets very___8___. 可知这里意思是那是她自己的方式。A. way方式；B. habit习惯；C. spirit精神； D. look样子，故选A。
【48题详解】
考查形容词辨析。根据The Milwaukee kid is known to wave and jump up and down as Reed's bus___1___ to her stop. 可知早上，当她看到他来的时候，她非常兴奋。A. moved感动的；B. amused被逗乐的；C. excited兴奋的；D. relaxed放松的，故选C。
【49题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：他们刚刚发展了友谊。A. increased增长；B. recovered恢复；C. created创造；D. developed发展，故选D。
【50题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：我可以真诚地说，在过去的几个月里，你一直是我最喜欢的公交车乘客。A. eventually最后；B. honestly真诚地；C. directly直接地；D. proudly傲慢地，故选B。
【51题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：你幸福的微笑和每日的温暖的“早上好”照亮了我的每一天。A. warm温暖的；B. formal正式的；C. modest谦虚的；D. natural自然的，故选A。
【52题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：你幸福的微笑和每日的温暖的“早上好”照亮了我的每一天。A. honored尊敬；B. hatched孵化；C. brightened照亮；D. inspired鼓舞，故选C。
【53题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我要感谢你为别人树立了一个追随的好榜样。A. observe观察；B. repeat重复；C. follow追随； D. appreciate欣赏，故选C。
【54题详解】
考查形容词辨析。根据she visited her Facebook account to ___15___ her daughter's special connection to the bus driver. 可知Tracy 非常受感动。A. satisfied感到满意的；B. filled充满的；C. presented提出；D. impressed受感动的，故选D。
【55题详解】
考查动词辨析。根据 “Every morning Kate and I take the city bus to school and work,” she wrote. “We try to always take the___16___ bus because we made friends with the driver Reed.”可知她访问了自己的Facebook账户，解释了女儿与巴士司机的特殊关系。A. announce宣布；B. explain解释；C. expose揭露；D. discuss讨论，故选B。
【56题详解】
考查形容词辨析。根据because we made friends with the driver Reed.可知这里意思是我们尽量总是坐同一辆公共汽车。A. safe安全的；B. right正确的；C. old年老的； D. same相同的，故选D。
【57题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：她见到他不只是非常兴奋，她总是祝他早上好，并告诉他她四岁生活中的最新消息。A. more than不只是；B. anything but根本不；C. still仍然；D. even甚至，故选A。
【58题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：她见到他不只是非常兴奋，她总是祝他早上好，并告诉他她四岁生活中的最新消息。A. tells 告诉；B. wishes祝福；C. awards奖赏；D. shows出示，故选B。
【59题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：她给他写了一张情人节卡片，他也给了她一张。A. promised承诺；B. printed印刷；C. wrote写；D. signed署名，故选C。
【60题详解】
考查动词辨析。根据 “Though my new driver is perfectly nice, he’s no John Reed, "she said.可知这里意思是Tracy想念早上上班路上见到John Reed的情景。A. continues继续；B. keeps保留；C. considers考虑；D. misses想念，故选D。
第二节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 2017, eleven million deaths worldwide___61___ (link) to people eating diets high in sugar, salt and processed meat. Those foods were___62___ (part) to blame for heart disease, cancer and diabetes, a new study found, ___63___ followed eating trends in 195 countries from 1990 to 2017. The findings were reported in the publication The Lancet. Researchers___64___ (consider) 15 dietary elements ( 因 素 ), such as diets low in fruits, vegetables, whole grains and milk. They also looked at diets high in red meat, processed meat, and sugar-sweetened drinks.
“Poor diet is responsible___65___ more deaths than any other risk factor in the world,” said Chris Murray, director of the Institute for Health Metrics ( 指 标 ) and ___66___ (evaluate) at the University of Washington, which led the work. The study found people ate only 12 percent of the recommended amount of nuts and seeds— an average intake of 3 grams a day. For good health,___67___ (expert) say, you should eat 21 grams of nuts and seeds every day.
The study also found that people drank more than 10 times the recommended amount of sugary drinks. Another study___68___ (publish) in January suggested ___69___ “perfect diet” for the health of people and the planet would include a doubling of the consumption of nuts, fruits, and vegetables. Such a diet would also include ___70___(drop)by half the amount of meat and sugar consumed.
【答案】61. were linked
62. partly 63. which
64. considered
65. for 66. Evaluation
67. experts
68. published
69. a 70. dropping
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了2017年，全球有1100万人因食用高糖、高盐和高加工肉类而死亡。今年1月发表的另一项研究表明，为了人类和地球的健康，一份“完美的饮食”应该包括将坚果、水果和蔬菜的消费量增加一倍。
【61题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：2017年，全球有1100万人因食用高糖、高盐和高加工肉类而死亡。描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时。“死亡”和“关联”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，所以填were linked。
【62题详解】
考查副词。句意：一项新研究发现，这些食物是导致心脏病、癌症和糖尿病的部分原因，该研究跟踪了1990年至2017年195个国家的饮食趋势。该空修饰整个句子，用副词，所以填partly。
【63题详解】
考查定语从句。___3___ followed eating trends in 195 countries from 1990 to 2017.是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是a new study found，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，所以填which。
【64题详解】
考查时态。句意：研究人员考虑了15种饮食元素，比如水果、蔬菜、全谷物和牛奶含量较低的饮食。描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以填considered。
【65题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：世界上，饮食不良导致的死亡比任何其他危险因素都要多。be responsible for是……的原因，该短语是固定短语，所以填for。
【66题详解】
考查名词。句意：领导这项研究的是华盛顿大学健康指标和评估研究所所长克里斯·默里。Health Metrics and Evaluation健康指标和评估，这是一个专有名词，且首字母大写，所以填Evaluation。
【67题详解】
考查名词单复数。句意：专家说，为了身体健康，你应该每天吃21克坚果和种子。“专家”是复数意义，用名词复数，所以填experts。
【68题详解】
考查时态。句意：今年1月发表的另一项研究表明，为了人类和地球的健康，一份“完美的饮食”应该包括将坚果、水果和蔬菜的消费量增加一倍。描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以填published。
【69题详解】
考查冠词。句意：今年1月发表的另一项研究表明，为了人类和地球的健康，一份“完美的饮食”应该包括将坚果、水果和蔬菜的消费量增加一倍。泛指“一份完美的饮食”，且perfect的首字母发音是辅音，所以填不定冠词a。
【70题详解】
考查固定用法。句意：这样的饮食还包括减少一半的肉类和糖的摄入量。include doing包括做，该用法是固定用法，所以填dropping。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 35 分)
第一节 短文改错(共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分)
71.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。
Today was my father’s birthday, which was so a big day for me, so I wanted to give him surprise. My father always gave me that I wanted. He was busy but tried her best to do something for me. Actual, he was a great father for me. I told my mother that I wanted to make a dish for my father and she is very happy to teaching me. So when I went home after school, I rushed to the kitchen, prepared for the food. With my mother’s help, I was very confident. When my father went home, he was very happy and praised for me a lot. He said this was the biggest presents he had received.
【答案】第一处： so→such
第二处： surprise前面加上a
第三处： that→what
第四处： her→his
第五处： Actual→Actually
第六处： is→was
第七处： teaching→teach
第八处： prepared→preparing
第九处：去掉praised for 中的for
第十处： presents→present
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了在作者父亲生日那一天，作者为父亲亲手做了一道菜。父亲很高兴，表扬了作者，并且说这是他收到的最大的礼物。
【详解】第一处：考查常见用法。句意：今天是我父亲的生日，对我来说是一个非常重要的日子，所以我想给他一个惊喜。so是副词，用来修饰形容词或副词；such是形容词，用来修饰名词(名词前面可以带形容词，也可以不带)，所以so改成such。
第二处：考查冠词。句意：今天是我父亲的生日，对我来说是一个非常重要的日子，所以我想给他一个惊喜。泛指“一个惊喜”，surprise的首字母发音是辅音，所以surprise前面加上a。
第三处：考查宾语从句。句意：我父亲总是给我想要的东西。这里含有一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，表示“我想要的东西”，用what引导，所以that改成what。
第四处：考查代词。句意：他很忙，但尽他最大的努力为我做些事情。文中表示“尽他最大的努力”，所以her改成his。
第五处：考查副词。句意：事实上，他是我的好父亲。修饰整个句子，用副词，所以Actual改成Actually。
第六处：考查时态。句意：我告诉我的母亲，我想为我的父亲做一道菜，她很乐意教我。描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以is改成was。
第七处：考查固定句型。句意：我告诉我的母亲，我想为我的父亲做一道菜，她很乐意教我。be happy to do乐于做某事，所以teaching改成teach。
第八处：考查非谓语动词。prepare的逻辑主语是I，它们之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，所以prepared改成preparing。
第九处：考查动词。句意：当我爸爸回家的时候，他很高兴，表扬了我。praise是一个及物动词，后面直接接宾语，所以去掉praised for 中的for。
第十处：考查名词单复数。句意：他说这是他收到的最大的礼物。文中“最大的礼物”是单数意义，用名词单数，所以presents改成present。
第二节 书面表达(满分 25 分)
72.假定你是学生会主席李华,你校将举办主题为“祖国颂”的庆祝建国70周年文艺演出,你将邀请你的英国朋友Joe观看这场演出。请你写封邮件向他介绍有关情况,内容包括：
1．举办的时间和地点;
2．活动的目的;
3．活动的内容。
注意：
1．词数100左右;
2．可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3．参考词汇：祖国颂Ode to Our Motherland;周年纪念日anniversary.
Dear Joe,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Joe,
On behalf of our school Students' Union, I'm delighted to invite you to watch the performance themed "Ode to Our Motherland". Here is some detailed information.
The performance will be held from 9 to 11 on September 28, 2019 in our school hall. It is intended to celebrate the 70th Anniversary of the founding of PRC, which will arouse students' patriotism and foster national pride. In praise of great achievements our country has made in recent decades, we have arranged different kinds of activities, such as poem recitals, dancing, singing and etc., creating a vigorous festival atmosphere. How eager we are for the early arrival of the day!
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封电子邮件。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件：假定你是学生会主席李华,你校将举办主题为“祖国颂”的庆祝建国70周年文艺演出,你将邀请你的英国朋友Joe观看这场演出。请你写封邮件向他介绍有关情况,内容包括：举办的时间和地点；活动的目的；活动的内容。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：On behalf of our school Students' Union（代表学生会）；some detailed information（一些细节信息）；In praise of great achievements（称赞伟大的成就）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。同时文中使用高级句子。The performance will be held from 9 to 11 on September 28, 2019 in our school hall.句中使用一般将来时态的被动语态；It is intended to celebrate the 70th Anniversary of the founding of PRC, which will arouse students' patriotism and foster national pride.句中which引导非限制性定语从句；In praise of great achievements our country has made in recent decades,句中过去分词做后置定语。
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