2019届江苏省南通、徐州、盐城、常州等市高三四月大联考英语试题（解析版）

2019届南通、徐州、盐城、常州等市四月大联考
英语试题
第I 卷 （三部分，共 85 分）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 20 分）
第一节 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What kind of shoes will the woman probably buy?
A. Dress shoes. B. Soccer shoes. C. Tennis boots.
2. How does the woman sound?
A. Relieved. B. Worried. C. Disappointed.
3. What does the woman want to do?
A. Attend a party.
B. Call the Trumps.
C. Get Michael’s number.
4. What are the speakers talking about?
A. The weather. B. Writing skills. C. Weekend plans.
5. What is the woman complaining about?
A. The busy line. B. The wrong food. C. The late delivery.
第二节 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话, 回答第 6 和第 7 两个小题。
6. When does the conversation take place?
A. In the morning. B. At noon. C. In the afternoon.
7. What does the man expect the woman to do?
A. Pass on a message. B. Attend a meeting. C. Call him back.
听下面一段对话, 回答第 8 和第 9 两个小题。
8. What are grocery bags like compared with plastic ones?
A. Lighter. B. Cheaper. C. Stronger.
9. How much can shoppers save by using every reusable bag?
A. 3 cents. B. 10 cents. C. 15 cents.
听下面一段对话, 回答第 10 至第 12 三个小题。
10. Where are the speakers?
A. In America. B. In France. C. In China.
11. Why is the woman here?
A. To pick up her son. B. To buy a piano. C. To give a class.
12. How far does the man live from here?
A. Two blocks east. B. Five blocks west. C. Seven blocks north.
听下面一段对话, 回答第 13 至第 16 四个小题。
13. What is the woman doing right now?
A. Doing a survey.
B. Going over the notes.
C. Taking part in a quiz show.
14. Who are the speakers?
A. Students. B. Teachers. C. Reporters.
15. When did Iceland announce its ban against foreign fishermen?
A. In 1973. B. In 1975. C. In 1980.
16. What did Iceland do in 2006?
A. It started its first whale hunt.
B. It elected a woman president.
C. It allowed commercial whaling.
听下面一段独白, 回答第 17 至第 20 四个小题。
17. What made the speaker decide to study psychology?
A. Her family background.
B. Her observation of adults.
C. Her education at university.
18. Which group did the speaker study first?
A. University students. B. Creative people. C. Ordinary people.
19. What can we learn from the “experience examining method”?
A. People are happier when concentrating hard.
B. Creative people are happier than other people.
C. People’s happiness depends on who they are with.
20. What does the speaker think of her study?
A. Disappointing. B. Confusing. C. Exciting.
第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 35 分）
第一节 单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.—Is it enough to finish the form for a passport, Madam?
—Your passport application form should be by two recent photos
A. updated B. accompanied C. established D. identified
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. updated更新；B. accompanied伴随、附属；C. established建立；D. identified识别。句意：——夫人，填好护照申请表就行了么？——您的护照申请表应附两张近照。根据“by two recent photos”判断此处表示“伴随、附上”，故B项正确。

2.Some business owners are keen on public welfare. This is local services have been funded.
A. whether B. what C. where D. how
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：一些企业主热衷于公益事业，这就是地方服务的资金来源。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，此处为表语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，故D项正确。

3.We offered to pay our half of the cost that was needed to restore the shared doorway but Charles would have of it.
A. nothing B. anything
C. none D. any
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：我们提出付一半的费用来修复共用的门道，但查尔斯不同意。have none of是固定搭配，表示“不同意、不允许”，故C项正确。

4.—How about going sightseeing this Saturday afternoon?
Sorry, I _______ my research report the whole weekend.
A. will have written B. will be writing
C. have written D. have been writing
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：——这周六下午去观光怎么样?——不好意思，整个周末我都会在写研究报告。表示将来的某一时间正在做的事情用将来进行时，故B项正确。

5.Young couples will be happy to see their babies _______ with good health and intelligence when they are born.
A. to bless B. blessing
C. blessed D. being blessed
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：年轻夫妇会很高兴看到他们的孩子出生时拥有良好的健康和智力。分析句子结构可知此处是非谓语，babies与bless之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作宾补，故C项正确。

6.Word came that 30 firefighters gave their lives to our country _______ national property security.
A. in exchange for B. in response to
C. in terms of D. in contrast with
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。A. in exchange for作为……的交换、换取；B. in response to响应；C. in terms of依据；D. in contrast with与……对比。句意：消息传来，30名消防员为国家财产安全献出了生命。根据句意可知，30名消防员用生命换来了国家财产的安全，故A项正确。

7.Having battled with their _______ over whether to offer help to an aged man or woman who has fallen over, most people choose to help.
A. compromise B. contradiction
C. conscience D. competence
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. compromise妥协；B. contradiction否认；C. conscience良知；D. competence胜任。句意：在与自己的良知作斗争之后，大多数人选择了帮助跌倒的老人或妇女。根据“over whether to offer help to an aged man or woman who has fallen over”可知，此处表示“与良知做斗争”，故C项正确。

8.Don't give up half way, and you will find the scenery is more beautiful when you reach the destination than when you _______.
A. start off B. have started off
C. started off D. will start off
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：不要半途而废，当你到达目的地的时候，你会发现风景比你出发的时候更美。根据句意可知，start off发生在reach the destination之前，应该用一般过去时，故C项正确。

9.We completed one third of the project, and the loan _______ in place, we had to delay the rest till the next month.
A. not arranged B. was not arranged
C. not arranging D. had not been arranged
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们完成了工程的三分之一，由于贷款还没有到位，我们不得不把剩下的延期到下个月。分析句子结构可知，此处使用非谓语动词，loan与arrange之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词做后置定语，故A项正确。

10. for years of hard training, she would not be standing on the stage, receiving huge cheers and applause.
A. It were not B. It had not been
C. Were it not D. Had it not been.
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气和倒装。句意：要不是多年的刻苦训练，她不会站在舞台上，获得巨大的欢呼和掌声。根据would判断此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，虚拟条件句省略if可以采用倒装形式替代，If it had been for =Had it not been for表示“要不是”，故D项正确。
【点睛】本题的解题关键是根据would判断此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，虚拟条件句省略if从句表示与过去事实相反的假设时，谓语动词形式为had done，如果省略if，则操作词had倒装，If it had been for =Had it not been for表示“要不是”。

11.Office furniture like chairs and sofas should be attractive as well as comfortable.
A. manually B. visually
C. physically D. securely
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。A. manually手动地； B. visually视觉上、外表上；C. physically身体上；D. securely安全地。句意：像沙发和椅子这样的办公家具应该既美观又舒适。根据句意可知此处是说“在视觉上吸引人”，故B项正确。

12._______ many Chinese holidays are directed towards services remembering ancestors, the Ching Ming Festival is beyond doubt the largest.
A. Unless B. Since
C. Once D. While
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。A. Unless除非；B. Since既然；C. Once一旦；D. While虽然。句意：虽然许多中国节日都是为了纪念祖先，毫无疑问，清明节是最隆重的。根据句意可知此处表示“虽然”，故D项正确。

13.More and more people prefer to live in the countryside, _______ appeal for them lies in the quiet and slow-paced life.
A. who B. which
C. whose D. what
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非限定性定语从句。句意：越来越多的人喜欢住在农村，农村对人们的吸引力在于安静和慢节奏的生活。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限定性定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，缺少定语，故C项正确。

14.The infrastructure project has consumed so much money that we can't find any financial support and have to ______.
A. pull out B. pull through
C. catch up D. catch on
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。A. pull out离开、撤离；B. pull through渡过难关；C. catch up赶上；D. catch on变得流行。句意：这个基础设施项目花费了太多的钱，我们找不到资金支持，只好撤出。根据“we can't find any financial support”判断此处表示“撤离、退出”，故A项正确。

15.Though our football boys are faced with four goals behind, they are still struggling hard in the field to ______.
A. face the music B. save face
C. cost their arm and leg D. land on their feet
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查习语。A. face the music 勇敢地面对困难；B. save face挽回颜面、保住面子；C. cost their arm and leg除服巨大代价；D. land on their feet胸有成竹。句意：我们的足球队落后四个球，但队员们仍在球场上努力挽回面子。根据“four goals behind”及“still struggling hard”判断此处表示“挽回颜面”，故B项正确。
【点睛】习语是江苏单选的必考知识点，也是难度较大的一种题型，准确理解每个习语的意思是关键，例如本题四个习语的意思分别为：A. face the music 勇敢地面对困难；B. save face挽回颜面、保住面子；C. cost their arm and leg除服巨大代价；D. land on their feet胸有成竹。根据“four goals behind”及“still struggling hard”判断此处表示“挽回颜面”。

第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
At 15, I had started a band with three mates I'd met at the local rehearsal (排练)rooms.We played our first performance at a pub in Bolton. We were ___16___ , but the crowd didn't seem to mind,and after a few more local concerts, we recorded some songs and we started to ___17___.We sent out hundreds of demo(样本)tapes in ___18___ of our favourite band, the Manics. After finishing my high school, we drove to London to play at the Dublin Castle. Only five people ___19___.
But we persevered(坚持) and slowly things began to ___20___. Two years after our first performance, we ___21___ a record deal. We ___22___ endlessly for the next two years and built up a small but ___23___ following. At the end of 2002, the Manics ___24___ us to play with them. My teenage dreams had come true, the band I looked up to seemed to ___25___ of us.
We ___26___ performing in New York, and to 5,000 people at the Fuji Rock festival in Japan. There's no greater ___27___ than the moment you step on stage. The lights darken, the crowd swells (波浪起伏) and they ___28___ in applause as you finish.
Our album was ___29___ in 2003. Unfortunately, no one bought the thing. ___30___, I think that was about right. ___31___ I' m extremely proud of the music we produced, we were riding a wave of hype(天花乱坠的宣传) we could ___32___ live up to. Our record company quietly ___33___ us and, as quickly as it had started, my time in a band was over. We ___34___ peacefully on the day it was released. We even had a"last supper"to mark our demise(停业).
The band had ___35___ everything. My old school welcomed me back and I worked harder and was finally admitted to Oxford University at the grand old age of 21.
16. A. troublesome B. thrilled C. hopeful D. terrible
17. A. hesitate B. succeed C. dream D. qualify
18. A. imitation B. favour C. charge D. celebration
19. A. dropped out B. turned up C. dived in D. passed by
20. A. catch on B. take off C. pick up D. get round
21. A. declined B. lost C. expected D. signed
22. A. practiced B. studied C. toured D. waited
23. A. separated B. devoted C. concerned D. relieved
24. A. persuaded B. required C. reminded D. invited
25. A. approve B. tire C. hear D. think
26. A. gave up B. ended up C. put off D. insisted on
27. A. risk B. pain C. loss D. rush
28. A. erupt B. gather C. squeeze D. withdraw
29. A. preserved B. released C. displayed D. evaluated
30. A. Looking forward B. Looking down C. Looking back D. Looking up
31. A. Though B. Since C. Unless D. Before
32. A. actually B. somehow C. always D. never
33. A. betrayed B. dropped C. impressed D. sponsored
34. A. split up B. hung around C. moved away D. broke down
35. A. experienced B. disturbed C. changed D. replaced
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. C 21. D 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了从小就有音乐梦想的作者的追梦之路以及这个经历对他的影响。
【16题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. troublesome惹麻烦的；B. thrilled激动的；C. hopeful有希望的；D. terrible糟糕的。根据本空后的“but the crowd didn't seem to mind”可知，我们的演出很糟糕，但是观众似乎并不在意，故D项正确。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. hesitate犹豫；B. succeed成功；C. dream 梦想；D. qualify使有资格。根据本空前的“after a few more local concerts, we recorded some songs and we started to”可知，在几场当地音乐会之后，我们录制了一些歌曲并开始梦想音乐之路，下文中的“My teenage dreams had come true”也是提示，故C项正确。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. imitation 模仿、仿照；B. favour赞同；C. charge掌管； D.celebration庆祝。根据本空后的“of our favourite band, the Manics.”可知，我们仿照我们最喜欢的乐队发送了数百张试唱磁带，故A项正确。
【19题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. dropped out退出；B. turned up出现；C. dived in开始大吃；D. passed by经过。根据本空后的“But we persevered(坚持) and slowly things began to”可知，只有五个人出现都柏林城堡的演出现场，但是我们坚持下来，慢慢地情况有了改善，故B项正确。
【20题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. catch on变得流行；B. take off脱下；C. pick up获得、改善；D. get round走动。上文说只有五个人出现都柏林城堡的演出现场，但是我们坚持下来，慢慢地情况有了改善，故C项正确。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. declined拒绝；B. lost失去；C. expected期望；D. signed签署。根据本空后的“a record deal”可知，在我们首场演出的两年后，我们签了一份唱片合约，故D项正确。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. practiced 实践；B. studied研究；C. toured巡演；D. waited等待。根据本空后的“We endlessly for the next two years and built up a small but ___8___ following.”可知，在接下来的两年里我们进行了无数次巡演，并拥有了一小群忠实的粉丝，故C项正确。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. separated分开的；B. devoted忠实的；C. concerned有关的；D. relieved放心的。根据上文可知，我们拥有了一小群忠实的粉丝，故B项正确。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. persuaded说服；B. required 要求；C. reminded提醒；D. invited邀请。根据本空后的“us to play with them”可知，我们最喜欢的乐队邀请我们和他们一起演出，故D项正确。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. approve赞成；B. tire使厌烦；C. hear听见；D. think思考。根据本空前的“My teenage dreams had come true, the band I looked up to seemed to”可知，我少年的梦想实现了，他们似乎赞同我们，故A项正确。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. gave up放弃；B. ended up以……而告终；C. put off推迟；D. insisted on坚持。上文说他们似乎赞同我们，我们最终在纽约演出并在日本富士摇滚音乐节上演出，故B项正确。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. risk风险；B. pain痛苦；C. loss损失；D. rush匆促（指登上舞台的紧张感）。根据本空后的“The lights darken, the crowd swells (波浪起伏) and they ___13___ in applause as you finish.”可知，灯光变暗，人群沸腾，当你结束时，人们会爆发出热烈的掌声，没有什么比踏上舞台更令人紧张的了，故D项正确。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. erupt爆发；B. gather聚集；C. squeeze紧握； D. withdraw收回。根据上文可知，在舞台上演出时，灯光变暗，人群沸腾，结束时，人们会爆发出热烈的掌声，故A项正确。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. preserved保存；B. released 发行；C. displayed显示、陈列；D. evaluated评估。根据本空前的“Our album was”可知，2003年，我们发行了专辑，故B项正确。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. Looking forward向前看、展望；B. Looking down向下看；C. Looking back 回顾、回想；D. Looking up仰望。根据本空后的“I think that was about right.”可知，现在回想起来，我想那是对的，故C项正确。
【31题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。A. Though尽管；B. Since既然；C. Unless除非；D. Before在……之前。根据本空后的“I' m extremely proud of the music we produced, we were riding a wave of hype(天花乱坠的宣传) we could ___17___ live up to.”可知，尽管我对我们的音乐感到非常自豪，但我们却在利用一种我们永远无法兑现的宣传浪潮，故A项正确。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. actually实际上；B. somehow不知怎地；C. always一直；D. never从未。根据上文可知，我们却在利用一种我们从来没有兑现的宣传浪潮，故D项正确。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. betrayed背叛；B. dropped使终止；C. impressed使印象深刻；D. sponsored赞助。根据本空后的“us and, as quickly as it had started, my time in a band was over.”可知，唱片公司终止了我们的合约，我在乐队的日子也结束了，故B项正确。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. split up分手、分离；B. hung around徘徊；C. moved away搬走；D. broke down发生故障。根据本空后的“peacefully on the day it was released.”可知，合约终止后，我们和平分手了，故A项正确。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. experienced经历；B. disturbed打扰；C. changed改变；D. replaced代替。根据本空后的“My old school welcomed me back and I worked harder and was finally admitted to Oxford University at the grand old age of 21.”可知，乐队改变了我的一切，我的母校欢迎我回来，我更加努力学习并最终被牛津大学录取，故C项正确。
【点睛】本篇第5题难度较大，难度在于很多同学只知道pick up表示“捡起、获得、不费力地学会”，而不知道pick up作不及物动词短语时，有“（情况）改善”之意，根据 “But we persevered(坚持) and slowly things began to”可知，开始时，只有五个人出现都柏林城堡的演出现场，但是我们坚持下来，慢慢地情况有了改善，故C项正确。

第三部分 阅读理解（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Among all the tourist attractions in Sydney. the magnificent Opera House is the shining star. On the edge of Bennelong Point, a tongue of land sticking out into Sydney Harbor, this UNESCO World Heritage Site consists of a complex of roofs shaped like huge shells or billowing sails that mix beautifully with its waterfront location.
Today visitors can admire the great beauty of the building. Much more than an opera house, the structure encompasses(包含) theaters, studios, a concert hall, rehearsal, and reception rooms, restaurants, and a spectacular open-air forecourt overlooking the harbor and city. American architect Louis Kahn once said, "The sun did not know how beautiful its light was, until it was reflected off this building.”
Tips and Tactics
Book seats for productions well in advance. Performances commence promptly so visitors should allow enough time to access the building, collect tickets, and stow cloaks, large bags, and jackets.
Consider enjoying a meal in one of the restaurants to enjoy the stunning harbor views. One of the best sites to photograph the Opera House is Mrs. Macquarie's Chair in the Royal Botanic Gardens or from the water aboard a harbor cruise.
Getting to the Sydney Opera House
Visitors can catch a Sydney Bus, travel by City Rail, or hop aboard a Sydney Ferry to Circular Quay, which is a 5 to 7 minute walk from the Sydney Opera House.
A free shuttle bus for elderly and mobility-challenged patrons (顾客)runs between Circular Quay near Stand E (under the Cahill Expressway) and the Vehicle Concourse.
Bike parking is available under the Sydney Opera House Monumental Steps. Wilson's Sydney Opera House Car Park is located at 2 Macquarie St, with vehicle access next to the Sydney Opera House Forecourt.
Admission: Ticket prices vary from attraction to attraction.
Location: Bennelong Point, Sydney.
36. Which of the characteristics of Sydney Opera House might attract visitors most?
A. Its historical context. B. Its unique architecture
C. Its waterfront location D. Its superb harbor views
37. If you are a visitor to Sydney Opera House, you can ______.
A. take a ferry directly to Sydney Opera House,
B. ride a free shuttle bus without any restrictions,
C. take an equally good photo from any angle,
D. drive a car to 2 Macquarie St and park there.
【答案】36. B 37. D
【解析】
本文是一篇应用文，介绍了悉尼歌剧院的特点和参观策略。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，悉尼歌剧院的屋顶形状像一个巨大的贝壳或翻滚的帆，与滨水交相辉映，再结合第二段中的“Today visitors can admire the great beauty of the building.”可知，如今游客可以欣赏到悉尼歌剧院这座建筑物的美丽，也就是说悉尼歌剧院最吸引人的地方是其独特的建筑风格，故B项正确。
37题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“Wilson's Sydney Opera House Car Park is located at 2 Macquarie St, with vehicle access next to the Sydney Opera House Forecourt.”可知，悉尼歌剧院的停车场位于麦夸里街2号，车辆可以进入歌剧院前院，也就是参观悉尼歌剧院的游客可以开车到麦夸里街2号并把车停在那里，故D项正确。

B
Men don't go through pregnancy or childbirth. Their hormone (荷尔蒙) levels don't nosedive. What exactly have they got to be depressed about? Quite a lot, according to research from Sweden showing that, over the past 10 years, a significant number of men have struggled with the transition(过渡) to fatherhood.
This latest research tries to quantify just how many men get postnatal(产后)depression. Previous studies have found between 4% and 10% of men. while, in this smallish sample of 447 Swedish fathers who volunteered (and may therefore not represent your average dad), a surprising 28% of men had symptoms that scored above mild levels of depression. Overall, 4% had moderate depression. Fewer than one in five fathers who were depressed sought help, even though a third of those had thought about harming themselves. While women in the UK are often asked a series of questions that screen for postnatal depression (which affects up to 13% of women), the mental health of fathers is rarely assessed.
The lead author of the Swedish paper, Elisa Psouni, from the department of psychology at Lund University, says the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale(EPDS) used for both women and men is not so accurate in picking up depression in fathers. Her research showed higher levels of depression in dads because it added in a score more reflective of "male" symptoms of depression such as agitation, anger, irritability(易怒), working longer hours and drinking too much.
Depression in fathers may be rising not just because researchers are looking for it, but because more new dads are struggling. Psouni believes fathers increasingly face the same dilemmas that mothers do-including trying to combine parenthood with working Fathers who got depressed often had external pressures, such as job issues, and if their partner was depressed, their own risk of depression doubled. Lack of sleep, having twins and conflict in the relationship can all contribute.
A depressed dad will play and smile less with his child. Children are deeply affected by paternal postnatal depression with studies showing poorer measures of wellbeing and more behavioral problems at the age of seven.
Fathers who sense they may be struggling and partners, relatives or friends who notice an increase in imitability and anxiety in a man in the first year of parenthood (paternal depression is more dispersed throughout the first 12 months) should consider the possibility of paternal postnatal depression.
Cognitive behavioral therapy(认知行为疗法) can help, as can antidepressants. If the depression is not recognised, says Psouni, "one of most terrible things is that you catch up with yourself a year later and realise you have been really down and struggling-and the first year of your child's life has gone.”
38. What is revealed about men according to a Sweden research?
A. They experience a sharp decline in hormone.
B. Many of them suffer from postnatal depression.
C. They seldom go through pregnancy or childbirth
D. Many of them qualify for the transition to fatherhood.
39. What do the statistics in Paragraph 2 indicate?
A. The researchers should invite more Swedish fathers.
B. Over half of Swedish fathers tend to harm themselves.
C. The mental health of fathers deserves more attention.
D. Postnatal depression affects British women more easily.
40. Why did Psouni's research show higher levels of depression in dads?
A. Researchers use a new measure for male symptom of depression.
B. Researchers adopt EPDS to accurately pick up depression in dads.
C. Fathers have trouble in coping with internal and external pressures.
D. Fathers are often faced with the doubled risk of partner depression.
41. What may happen to a father with paternal depression?
A. He may develop terrible behavioral habits.
B. He may avoid being recognized with depression.
C. He may decline cognitive behavioral therapy.
D. He may miss the chance of giving proper childcare.
【答案】38. B 39. C 40. A 41. D
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项瑞典的研究表明很多男性也像女性一样患有产后抑郁症。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“This latest research tries to quantify just how many men get postnatal(产后)depression.”可知，这项最新的研究试图量化有多少男性患有产后抑郁症，由此可知，这项瑞典的研究表明很多男性患有产后抑郁症，故B项正确。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“While women in the UK are often asked a series of questions that screen for postnatal depression (which affects up to 13% of women), the mental health of fathers is rarely assessed.”可知，虽然英国女性经常被问及一系列筛查产后抑郁症的问题（13%的女性受产后抑郁症的影响），但男性的心理健康很少得到评估，这些数据表明男性的心理健康值得更多的关注，故C项正确。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Her research showed higher levels of depression in dads because it added in a score more reflective of "male" symptoms of depression”可知，Psouni的研究显示男性的抑郁症程度更高是因为这个研究增加了反映男性抑郁症症状的得分，也就是研究人员用了一种新的衡量男性抑郁症症状的方法，故A项正确。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“one of most terrible things is that you catch up with yourself a year later and realise you have been really down and struggling-and the first year of your child's life has gone.”可知，最糟糕的是当有抑郁症的父亲一年后治疗好以后，孩子生命的第一年已经过去了，由此可知，有抑郁症的父亲可能会错过适当照顾孩子的机会，故D项正确。

C
Cane toads, also known as bufo toads, are yet another invasive (入侵) species that has found a hospitable home in warm southern Florida. Deliberately introduced from South and Central America in the 1930s, they were supposed to control beetles damaging the sugarcane crop— that’s how they got the name “cane toads.”

Cane toads can pose a particular danger because the adult ones shoot toxin ( 毒 素 ) from their back when attacked. The tiny toads don’t carry enough toxin to be deadly yet, but big adult ones can easily send a dog into a seizure ( 疾病发作) or even kill it. The toxin is “very viscous and would stick inside the dog’s mouth,” says Steve Johnson, a wildlife ecologist at the University of Florida. Owners should try to wipe out an affected dog’s mouth and immediately take it to the vet.
Tilford started Toad Busters in 2017. The woman who lived there had nine cats, which she fed by dumping almost a bag of cat food every night. Cane toads normally eat bugs, but they are happy to eat pet food, too.
Cane toads have adapted beautifully to the Florida suburbs, so a lot of Tilford’s work also involves getting people to rethink their suburban backyard. No more cat food, for example. Pet poop (粪便) can also attract insects, which can in turn attract toads. As do lights. And toads love to breed (繁殖) in attractive pools of water, such as the lake in the affected Palm Beach Garden neighborhood. For “these larger communities that want to build these beautiful ponds and want to have houses on ponds,” Tilford said, “this is almost a pest-control service.” The cane toads aren’t going away, but they can be managed like mosquitoes or rats.
Dealing with toads amounts to an annoying thing in Florida, but they can also create more dramatic problems. In Australia—where they were also deliberately introduced in the 1930s to protect sugarcane—they are a genuine scourge (灾祸).
The issue is that Australia has no native toad species, so none of the predators (食肉动物) knew how to avoid the toxic toads. As the cane toads advanced east to west across the continent, “they left a wake of dead animals in their paths,” says Sean Doody, an ecologist at the University of South Florida at St. Petersburg who has studied cane toads in Australia. Turtles, lizards, and crocodiles just started dying out, which was good news for their prey (受害者). “If you were a small species that was previously being eaten, suddenly you’re on a honeymoon,” says Rick Shine, a biologist at Macquarie University in Sydney, Australia, who has also studied the impact of cane toads on Australian wildlife.
42. What can cane toads be described as?
A. Invasive species introduced to South America.
B. Natural enemies of beetles damaging sugarcane.
C. Dangerous species making active attacks on dogs.
D. A great threat presented to some wildlife ecologists.
43. Which might be the proper way of avoiding cane toads according to Tilford?
A. Abandon the suburban backyard.
B. Light up the backyard at night
C. Control the number of large houses.
D. Keep pet food away from backyard
44. What happened in Australia after cane toads being introduced?
A. Cane toads destroyed some food chains.
B. Most of the predators died of toad toxin.
C. Cane toads bred at a much slower pace.
D. Big species learned to avoid cane toads.
【答案】42. B 43. D 44. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了原本为控制危害甘蔗作物的甲虫而从南美和中美洲引进的甘蔗蟾蜍在美国和澳大利亚已成为破坏当地生态平衡的一大灾祸。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Deliberately introduced from South and Central America in the 1930s, they were supposed to control beetles damaging the sugarcane crop”可知，20世纪30年代，甘蔗蟾蜍从南美和中美洲引进是为了控制危害甘蔗作物的甲虫，由此可知，甘蔗蟾蜍是危害甘蔗的甲虫的天敌，故B项正确。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“… so a lot of Tilford’s work also involves getting people to rethink their suburban backyard. No more cat food, for example.”可知，Tilford认为避免甘蔗蟾蜍的正确方法是让宠物食物远离后院，故D项正确。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The issue is that Australia has no native toad species, so none of the predators (食肉动物) knew how to avoid the toxic toads. As the cane toads advanced east to west across the continent, “they left a wake of dead animals in their paths,”可知，澳大利亚没有蟾蜍，当地动物不知道如何避免有毒的蟾蜍，因此引进的甘蔗蟾蜍造成了很多动物的死亡，由此可知甘蔗蟾蜍的引进在澳大利亚破坏了当地的食物链，故A项正确。
【点睛】推理判断题的难度较大，需要根据文中的已知信息进行合乎逻辑的推断，例如本篇第1题，根据第一段中的“Deliberately introduced from South and Central America in the 1930s, they were supposed to control beetles damaging the sugarcane crop”可知，20世纪30年代，甘蔗蟾蜍从南美和中美洲引进的目的是控制危害甘蔗作物的甲虫，既然能够起到控制危害甘蔗的甲虫的作用，也就是说甘蔗蟾蜍是危害甘蔗的甲虫的天敌。

D
Some of the greatest moments in human history were fueled by emotional intelligence. When Martin Luther King. Jr. presented his dream, he chose language that would stir the hearts of his audience. Delivering this electrifying(震撼性的) message required emotional intelligence—the ability to recognize, understand, and manage emotions.
Emotional intelligence has been highly recommended by leaders, policymakers, and educators as the solution to a wide range of social problems. If we can teach our children to manage emotions, the argument goes, we'll have less bullying and more cooperation. If we can cultivate emotional intelligence among leaders and doctors, we'll have more caring workplaces and more compassionate healthcare.
Emotional intelligence is important, but the uncontrolled enthusiasm has obscured (掩盖)a dark side. New evidence shows that when people sharpen their emotional skills, they become better at manipulating (把持) others. When you're good at controlling your own emotions, you can hide your true feelings. When you know what others are feeling, you can motivate them to act against their own best interests.
Social scientists have begun to document this dark side of emotional intelligence. In a research led by University of professor Jochen Menges, when a leader gave an inspiring speech filled with emotion. the audience was less likely to scrutinize (细察) the message and remembered of the content. Ironically(讽刺的是) audience members were so moved by the speech that they claimed to recall more of it.
The authors call this the awestruck effect, but it might just as easily be described as the dumbstruck effect. One observer reflected that Hitler's persuasive impact came from his ability to strategically express emotions—he would "ear open his heart—and these emotions affected his followers to the point that they would"stop thinking critically and just emote.”
Leaders who master emotions can rob us of our capacities to reason. If their values are out of step with our own. the results can be destructive. New evidence suggests that when people have self-serving motives (动机), emotional intelligence becomes a weapon for manipulating others. In a study led by the University of Toronto psychologist Stephane Cote, university employees filled out a survey about their Machiavellian(不择手段的) tendencies, and took a test measuring their knowledge about effective strategies for managing emotions. Then, Cote's team assessed how often the employees deliberately undermined (逐渐削弱) their colleagues. The employees involved in the most harmful behaviors were Machiavellians with high emotional intelligence. They used their emotional skills to lower the dignity of their peers for personal gain.
Shining a light on this dark side of emotional intelligence is one mission of a research team led University College London professor Martin Kilduff. According to these experts, emotional intelligence helps people disguise (伪装) one set of emotions while expressing another for personal Professor Kiiduit's team writes,""The strategic disguise of one's own emotions and the manipulation of others' emotions for strategic ends are behaviors evident not only on Shakespeare's stage but also in the offices and corridors where power and influence are traded.”
Of course, people aren't always using emotional intelligence for nefarious ends. More often than not, emotional skills are simply instrumental tools for goal accomplishment. A research team discovered that founder Anita Roddick used emotional intelligence to inspire her employees fundraise for charity. As Roddick explained, "Whenever particular project we always tried to break their hearts we wanted to persuade our staff to support a particular project we always tried to break their hearts.”
There is growing recognition that emotional intelligence--like any skill--can be used for good or evil. So if we're going to teach emotional intelligence in schools and develop it at work, we need to consider the values that go along with it and where it's actually useful.
45. Why does the author mention Martin Luther King, Jr?
A. To honor the great leader for his courage.
B. To recommend his speech to other leaders.
C. To impress the readers with a major topic.
D. To advocate a society with fewer problems.
46. Which of the following belongs to a dark side of emotional intelligence?
A. Developing the capability to control one's own emotion.
B. Inducing people to do what brings disadvantages to them.
C. Appealing to the audience to concentrate and remember more.
D. Encouraging the moved audience to a more of the speech.
47. What is the dumbstruck effect of Hitler's emotional intelligence?
A. His followers would tear open their hearts to him.
B. His followers would express emotions strategically.
C. His followers would lose the ability to reason properly.
D. His followers would develop the self-serving motives.
48. How do people use their emotional intelligence for personal gain?
A. They disguise their emotions to earn others' trust.
B. They help their colleagues to build up confidence.
C. They present their strategic behaviors on the stage.
D. They lower their own dignity to gain popularity.
49. Which may mean the same as the underlined word in Paragraph 8?
A. Immoral. B. Unimportant.
C. Illegal. D. Uncontrollable.
50. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. The benefits of emotional intelligence
B. The ways of disguising one's emotions
C. The reasons for using emotional skills
D. The dark side of emotional intelligence
【答案】45. C 46. B 47. C 48. A 49. A 50. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了情商的黑暗面及其运用和影响。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Some of the greatest moments in human history were fueled by emotional intelligence.”可知，人类历史的一些伟大时刻是由情商推动的，紧接着作者提到马丁路德金就是为了给读者留下深刻的印象，故C项正确。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Emotional intelligence is important, but the uncontrolled enthusiasm has obscured (掩盖)a dark side.”及“When you know what others are feeling, you can motivate them to act against their own best interests.”可知，情商固然重要，但失控的热情掩盖了它的黑暗面，当你知道别人的感受时，你可以激励他们违背自己的最大利益，由此可知，诱导人们做对他们不利的事情属于情商的黑暗面之一，故B项正确。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中的“One observer reflected that Hitler's persuasive impact came from his ability to strategically express emotions—he would "ear open his heart—and these emotions affected his followers to the point that they would"stop thinking critically and just emote.””可知，希特勒之所以极具说服力，是因为他有能力战略性地表达自己的情绪，这些情绪会影响到他的追随者，让他们不再批判性地思考，而只是动情，由此可知，希特勒的情商的惊人影响是使他的追随者失去了正确推理的能力，故C项正确。
【48题详解】
细节理解题。根据第七段中的“emotional intelligence helps people disguise (伪装) one set of emotions while expressing another for personal”及“The strategic disguise of one's own emotions and the manipulation of others' emotions for strategic ends are behaviors evident”可知，情商有助于人们掩饰自己的真实情绪，对自己的情绪进行战略性地伪装和对他人情绪操纵是显而易见的行为，也就是说，人们通过掩饰自己的情绪赢得别人的信任来获取个人利益，故A项正确。
49题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“More often than not, emotional skills are simply instrumental tools for goal accomplishment.”可知，人们并不总是利用情商来达到邪恶的目的，通常情感技巧只是实现目标的工具，由此可知画线词词义为“邪恶的、不道德的”，故A项正确。
【50题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第三段中的“Emotional intelligence is important, but the uncontrolled enthusiasm has obscured (掩盖)a dark side.”可知，情商固然重要，但失控的热情掩盖了它的黑暗面，本文主要介绍的就是情商的黑暗面，故D项正确。
【点睛】词义猜测题的难度较大，理解上下文是关键，例如本篇第5题，上文说无论是在舞台上还是生活中，人们为达到战略性目的而对自己的情绪进行伪装并操纵他人的情绪是显而易见的行为，下文又说通常情感技巧只是实现目标的工具，此处是一个承上启下的过渡句，是说人们并不总是利用情商来达到邪恶的目的，由此可知画线词词义为“邪恶的、不道德的”。

第Ⅱ卷 （两部分，共 35 分）
第四部分 任务型阅读（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 注意:每个空格只填 1 个单词。请将答案写在答题纸上相应题号的横线上。
The urge to share our lives on social media
People have long used media to see reflections of themselves. Long before mobile phones or even photography, diaries were kept as a way to understand oneself and the world in which one lives. In the 18th and 19th centuries, as diaries became more popular, middle-class New Englanders, particularly white women, wrote about their everyday lives and the world around them.
These diaries were not a place into which they poured their innermost thoughts and desires, but rather a place to chronicle (记录) the social world around them. The diaries captured the everyday routines of mid-19th-century life, and women diarists in particular focused not on themselves but on their families and their communities.
Diaries today are, for the most part, private. But things were different for these New England diaries. Young women who were married would send their diaries home to their parents as a way of maintaining kin (血缘) relations. When family or friends came to visit, it was not uncommon to sit down and go through one’s journal together.
Diaries are not the only media that people have used to document lives and share them with others. We have long used media like photo albums, baby books and even slide shows as a means of creating traces ( 痕 迹 ) of our lives. We do this to understand ourselves and to see trends in our behaviour. We create traces as part of our identity and part of our memory.
Sharing everyday life events can strengthen social connection and intimacy ( 亲密感). For example, you take a picture of your child’s first birthday. It is not only a developmental milestone: the photo also strengthen the identity of the family unit itself. The act of taking the photo and proudly sharing it further reaffirms (再次证实) one as a good and attentive parent. In other words, the media traces of others figure in our own identities.
Today’s social media platforms are, by and large, free to use, unlike historical diaries, which people had to buy. Today, advertising subsidises (补贴) our use of networked platforms. Therefore these platforms encourage use of their networks to build larger audiences and to better target them. Our pictures, our posts, and our likes are commodified—that is, they are used to create value through increasingly targeted advertising.
Instead of social media merely connecting us, it has become a craze ( 狂 热 ) for information, continually trying to draw us in with the promise of social connectivity—it’s someone’s birthday, someone liked your picture, etc. There’s a multibillion-dollar industry pulling us into our smartphones, relying on a longstanding human need for communication.
The urge to be present on social media is much more complex than simply narcissism (自恋).
Social media of all kinds not only enable people to see their reflections, but to feel their connection as well.
Passage outline
Supporting details
Features of ___51___media
♦ People kept ___52___to understand themselves and the world they live in.
♦ Middle-class Englanders, especially white women diarists focused on their families and communities.
♦ It was common for young married women to ___53___their diaries with family members or friends.
___54___of media
♦ We have long used media to partly show ___55___we are and what we have experienced in our lives.
♦ Sharing daily life events can make family members ___56___to each other.
Present situation of media
♦ Today’s social media platforms can be used for ___57___.
♦ Private data about us are used as ___58___through targeted advertising.
♦ Social media are trying to draw more people in by ___59___to their need for communication.
Conclusion
People are greatly interested in the use of social media for narcissism and social ___60___.


【答案】51. early/primitive
52. diaries
53. share 54. Functions/Purposes/Benefits
55. who 56. close/closer
57. free/nothing
58. commodities
59. catering
60. connection/communication
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了早期的和现代社交媒体的特点和影响。
【51题详解】
根据第一段中的“Long before mobile phones or even photography，diaries were kept as a way to understand oneself and the world in which one lives”可知，早在手机和摄影出现以前，日记是人们了解自己和世界的方式，在手机和摄影出现以前的方式属于早期（最初）的媒体，故填early/primitive。
【52题详解】
根据第一段中的“Long before mobile phones or even photography，diaries were kept as a way to understand oneself and the world in which one lives”可知，在手机和摄影出现以前，人们通过日记来了解自己和世界，故填diaries。
【53题详解】
根据第三段中的“Diaries today are, for the most part, private”及“When family or friends came to visit, it was not uncommon to sit down and go through one’s journal together.”可知，现在，日记是很私人的东西，但在那时，已婚的年轻女性与家人和朋友分享自己的日记是很平常的事情，故填share。
【54题详解】
根据第四段中的“Diaries are not the only media that people have used to document lives and share them with others.”及第五段中的“Sharing everyday life events can strengthen social connection and intimacy”等信息可知，这两段主要介绍了社交媒体的好处（功能/目的），故填Functions/Purposes/Benefits。
【55题详解】
根据第四段中的“We create traces as part of our identity and part of our memory.”可知，我们创造痕迹作为我们身份和记忆的一部分，也就是说，我们一直通过社交媒体来展示我们是谁以及我们在生活中经历了什么，故填who。
【56题详解】
根据第五段中的“Sharing everyday life events can strengthen social connection and intimacy”可知，分享日常生活中的事情可以加强社会联系和亲密感，也就是说可以使家庭成员之间的关系更亲密，故填close/closer。
【57题详解】
根据第六段中的“Today’s social media platforms are, by and large, free to use”可知，现在的社交媒体平台都是免费使用，故填free/nothing。
【58题详解】
根据第六段中的“Our pictures, our posts, and our likes are commodified—that is, they are used to create value through increasingly targeted advertising. ”可知，我们的图片、帖子、喜好都是商品化的，它们被用来通过越来越有针对性的广告来创造价值，也就是说我们的私人数据通过定向广告被用作商品，故填commodities。
【59题详解】
根据倒数第二段中的“Instead of social media merely connecting us, it has become a craze ( 狂 热 ) for information, continually trying to draw us in with the promise of social connectivity—it’s someone’s birthday, someone liked your picture, etc.”可知，社交媒体不再只是把我们联系在一起，它已经成为一种对信息的狂热，不断地试图用社交连接来吸引我们——有人过生日、有人喜欢你的照片等等，也就是说社交媒体通过迎合我们的需要来吸引我们，故填catering。
【60题详解】
根据最后一段中的“Social media of all kinds not only enable people to see their reflections, but to feel their connection as well.”可知，社交媒体会让人们感受到他们与外界的交流与联系，人们对此很感兴趣，故填connection/communication。

第五部分 书面表达（满分 25 分）
61.请根据你对以下两幅图的理解，以“Many Hands Make Light Work.”为题，用英语写一篇作文。

参考词汇:
wind-blown trees (被风刮倒的树) lift up (扶起来)
你的作文应包括以下内容:
1. 简要描述两幅图的内容；
2. 概述你对两幅图中不同做法的理解；
3. 举例说明两幅图对你的启示。
注意:
1. 短文应该包括以上所提供的主要信息,可适当发挥；
2. 词数:150 左右;
3. 作文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。
Many Hands Make Light Work
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Many Hands Make Light Work
Different ways of doing things get different results. In the first picture, a man is desperately lifting up a fallen tree on his own, but in vain, while the second picture shows a group of people have helped the fallen tree up easily.
The message conveyed here is clear: “Many hands make light work.” If one is to conduct a task like lifting up a wind-blown tree by himself, he might face more challenges and even fail to achieve his goal. Contrarily, completing tasks collaboratively, people can help each other and figure out better ways to get work done efficiently. Therefore, collaboration makes a big difference.
Collaboration is important in many other cases. When doing classroom cleaning, every student should do their bit for a timely completion. Ballgames is also an area where collaboration counts. Only when we fight for our goals together can we achieve greater success. (150words)
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达是概要写作，要求描述两幅图的内容并发表你的看法。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇书面表达是概要写作，要求描述两幅图的内容并发表你的看法,内容要点如下：1. 简要描述两幅图的内容；2. 概述你对两幅图中不同做法的理解；3. 举例说明两幅图对你的启示。时态应为一般现在时。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：wind-blown trees (被风刮倒的树)， lift up (扶起来)，desperately（拼命地），challenge（挑战），convey（传达），efficiently （有效地），completion（完成），timely（及时的），contrarily（相反地）及collaboration（合作）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。
本文内容完整，层次分明，结构紧凑，表达准确。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。
【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有in vain（徒劳），fail to do（未能做成某事），figure out（想出），make a big difference (意义重大)以及 fight for（为……而奋斗），而且还使用了定语从句“Ballgames is also an area where collaboration counts.”状语从句 “If one is to conduct a task like lifting up a wind-blown tree by himself, he might face more challenges and even fail to achieve his goal.”及“When doing classroom cleaning, every student should do their bit for a timely completion.”，倒装句“Only when we fight for our goals together can we achieve greater success.”，非谓语动词“The message conveyed here is clear: “Many hands make light work.””，全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。