北京市密云区2020届高三上学期期末考试英语试题

密云区2019-2020学年度第一学期期末
高三英语试卷
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）
第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
China is hosting big events to mark 70 years since founding of the People’s Republic of China. On October 1, 1949, Chairman Mao____1____announce) the formation of the PRC, after communist forces won a bloody civil war. Modern China has since developed at an extraordinary pace. President Xi Jinping said “no force could shake Chinese; no force can ever stop the Chinese people and nation from____2____(march) forward,” Watching the exciting events, every Chinese people was proud and ___3___(inspire). The song Me and My Motherland is being heard everywhere in China.
【答案】1. announced
2. marching
3. inspired
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要说明了中国正在举办庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年的大型活动，以及习近平主席的讲话。
【1题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：1949年10月1日，毛主席宣布中华人民共和国成立，共产党军队赢得了内战的胜利，付出了血的代价。announce在句中作谓语，且根据上文On October 1, 1949可知应用一般过去时。故填announced。
【2题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：习近平主席说：“没有任何力量可以动摇中国人;任何力量都阻挡不了中国人民和中华民族前进的步伐。”from为介词，后跟动名词做宾语。故填marching。
【3题详解】
考查形容词。句意：看着激动人心的活动，每个中国人都感到自豪和鼓舞。根据上文was proud and可知此处应填形容词inspired作表语，表示“受到鼓舞的”。故填inspired。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
As a computer____4____(engine), there’s always a new challenge just around the corner! It can be quite stressful at times, though, which in turn makes me feel anxious. ____5____(help) deal with this, I go running as often as I possibly can. ___6___ I’m at the gym or on the road, my nervous energy pushes me through mile one. By mile two, the tension has moved from my mind to my legs. Over the past forty minutes, all my stress ___7___(disappear) and I’m ready to face the next day at work!
【答案】4. engineer
5. To help 6. Whether
7. has disappeared
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。主要说明了作者作为一名计算机工程师，总是会面临新的挑战。有时会让作者感到焦虑。为了解决这个问题，作者于是尽可能多地去跑步。
【4题详解】
考查名词。句意：作为一名计算机工程师，总是会面临新的挑战！结合句意可知表示“工程师”应用名词engineer。故填engineer。
【5题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了解决这个问题，我尽可能多地去跑步。分析句子结构可知help在句中作非谓语动词，且此处表目的应用不定式。故填To help。
【6题详解】
考查让步状语从句。句意：不管我是在健身房还是在路上，我紧张的能量推动我完成第一英里。whether...or…表示“不管……还是……”引导让步状语从句。句首字母要大写。故填Whether。
【7题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在过去的40分钟里，我所有的压力都消失了，我已经准备好面对第二天的工作了！根据上文Over the past forty minutes可知表示过去发生的动作持续了一段时间应用现在完成时，且主语为stress，助动词应用has。disappear为不及物动词，无被动语态。故填has disappeared。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
With a mobile phone we can contact each other, shop and work in a speedy way that gives us more free time.___8___(drive) by the digital revolution, nearly everyone uses mobile phones, as they allow us to complete modern tasks ___9___(convenient). However, we should not overlook the drawbacks. Using them will cause obesity and poor eyesight, less face-to-face community . ____10____we really should do is to turn off the phone and step out into the country with the family, to enjoy the scenery and get some exercise with the people we love.
【答案】8. Driven
9. conveniently
10. What
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。在数字革命的推动下，几乎每个人都使用手机，因为手机让我们可以方便地完成现代任务。然而，我们不应该忽视缺点。使用它们会导致肥胖和视力差，面对面的交流更少。我们真正应该做的是关掉电话，和家人一起去乡下，欣赏风景，和我们爱的人一起锻炼。
【8题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在数字革命的推动下，几乎每个人都使用手机，因为手机让我们可以方便地完成现代任务。分析句子结构可知drive在句中作非谓语动词，且与逻辑主语everyone构成被动关系，故用过去分词。句首字母要大写。故填Driven。
【9题详解】
考查副词。句意：在数字革命的推动下，几乎每个人都使用手机，因为手机让我们可以方便地完成现代任务。修饰动词complete应用副词conveniently，表示“方便地”。故填conveniently。
【10题详解】
考查连接词。句意：我们真正应该做的是关掉电话，和家人一起去乡下，欣赏风景，和我们爱的人一起锻炼。本句为主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，且指代事情应用what。句首字母要大写。故填What。
【点睛】名词性从句关键在于三点：
一、找准从句在主句中充当的成分即分出是名词性从句的主语句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句；
二、连接词从句中充当的成分（主、宾、定或状语或不做任何成分）；
三、弄清楚每个连接词的意义。此外还要注意，近年来高考对于名词性从句的考查多从名词性从句的语序和连接词的用法区别上考查。
如第三小题，句意：我们真正应该做的是关掉电话，和家人一起去乡下，欣赏风景，和我们爱的人一起锻炼。本句为主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，且指代事情应用what。句首字母要大写。故填What。
第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Inspiration
“Mama, when I grow up, I’m going to be one of those!” I said this after seeing the Capital Dancing Company perform when I was three. It was the first time that my ___11___took on a vivid form and acted as something important to start my training. As I grew older and was____12____to more, my interests in the world of dance____13____varied but that little girl’s dream of someday becoming a____14____in the company never left me. In the summer of 2005 when I was 18, I received the phone call which made that dream a___15___; I became a member of the company____16____back to 1925.
As I look back on that day now, it surely____17____any sense of reality. I believe I stayed in a state of pleasant disbelief ___18___I was halfway through rehearsals (排练) on my first day. I never actually____19____to get the job. After being offered the position, I was completely___20___. I remember shaking with excitement.
Though I was absolutely thrilled with the change, it did not come without its fair share of___21___. Through the strict rehearsal period of dancing six days a week, I found it vital to____22____up the material fast with every last bit of concentration. It is that extreme____23____to detail (细节) and stress on practice that set us___24___. To then follow those high-energy rehearsals____25____a busy show schedule of up to five performances a day, I discovered a new____26____of the words “hard work.” What I thought were my physical____27____were pushed much further than I thought___28___. I learned to make each performance better than the last.
Today, when I look at the unbelievable company that I have the great____29____of being a part of, not only as a member, but as a dance captain, I see a____30____that has inspired not only generations of little girls but a splendid company that continues to develop and grow-and inspires people every day to follow their dreams.
11. A. fashion B. dream C. plan D. hobby
12. A. extended B. expanded C. escaped D. exposed
13. A. certainly B. rarely C. presently D. consistently
14. A. engineer B. dancer C. director D. trainer
15. A. truth B. symbol C. reality D. memory
16. A. tracking B. bouncing C. dating D. turning
17. A. makes B. adds C. brings D. lacks
18. A. while B. until C. since D. once
19. A. expected B. suspected C. challenged D. decided
20. A. motivated B. relaxed C. astonished D. convinced
21. A. profits B. challenges C. advantages D. adventures
22. A. pick B. mix C. build D. put
23. A. adaptation B. association C. attraction D. attention
24 A. back B. aside C. off D. apart
25. A. with B. by C. over D. beyond
26. A. function B. expression C. meaning D. reward
27. A. confidence B. boundaries C. barriers D. efforts
28. A. possible B. perfect C. convenient D. essential
29. A. talent B. responsibility C. honor D. potential
30. A. victory B. trend C. desire D. tradition
【答案】11. B 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C 16. C 17. D 18. B 19. A 20. C 21. B 22. A 23. D 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在三岁时，第一次找到了自己的梦想，渴望有一天成为舞蹈公司的舞者，当她有幸成为其中一员时，看到了这家历史悠久的公司的一个传统——不断进步，激励人们每天去追逐梦想。通过本文说明梦想会激励人们前行。
【11题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我的梦想第一次以生动的形式出现，并作为我开始训练的重要部分。A. fashion时尚；B. dream梦想；C. plan计划；D. hobby爱好。作者三岁看舞蹈表演时，梦想（dream）初步形成。与文章后面提到梦想实现呼应。故选B。
【12题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，接触到的东西越来越多，我对舞蹈的兴趣当然也随之变化，但那个小女孩梦想有一天成为公司里的一名舞者的梦想从未离开过我。A. extended延长；B. expanded扩大；C. escaped逃跑；D. exposed暴露。这里的意思是在长大的过程中，作者接触到更多的东西，对舞蹈的兴趣也有了改变，但成为该公司舞蹈家的梦想没有改变。短语be exposed to表示“接触”。故选D。
【13题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，接触到的舞蹈越来越多，我对舞蹈的兴趣当然也随之变化，但那个小女孩梦想有一天成为公司里的一名舞者的梦想从未离开过我。A. certainly确定地；B. rarely很少地；C. presently目前；D. consistently一致地。本句中作者的兴趣确实会随着年龄和阅历的增加而改变。故选A。
【14题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，接触到的舞蹈越来越多，我对舞蹈的兴趣当然也随之变化，但那个小女孩梦想有一天成为公司里的一名舞者的梦想从未离开过我。A. engineer工程师；B. dancer舞者，舞蹈家；C. director主任；D. trainer教练。结合上文可知作者从三岁就有了想成为舞蹈家的梦想，这里还是原意的延伸。故选B。
【15题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：2005年夏天，18岁的我接到了一个电话，让我的梦想成真了；我成为了一家可以追溯到1925年的公司的一员。A. truth真理；B. symbol象征；C. reality现实；D. memory记忆。根据下文“ reality”可知，这里作者接到了舞蹈公司的电话，从而使自己的梦想变成了现实。短语make that dream a reality表示“使梦想变成现实”。故选C。
【16题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2005年夏天，18岁的我接到了一个电话，让我的梦想成真了；我成为了一家可以追溯到1925年的公司的一员。A. tracking追踪；B. bouncing弹跳；C. dating追溯到，约会；D. turning转弯。这里用现在分词短语作定语，说明公司成立于1925年。短语date back to“起源于，追溯到”。故选C。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我现在回想那一天时，我肯定缺乏现实感。A. makes制作；B. adds添加；C. brings带来；D. lacks缺少。上一段作者谈到被招为舞蹈团成员，梦想即将成真，对照下文，作者其实一直处于一种不相信的喜悦中。可知作者当时缺乏现实感。故选D。
【18题详解】
考查连词辨析。句意：我相信直到我第一天排练到一半时，我一直处于一种愉快的难以置信的状态。A. while当……时候；B. until直到；C. since自从；D. once一旦。这里的意思是说作者的这种不相信的喜悦直到（until）当天排练的中间才消失。其它选项不符合语境。故选B。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从没想过会得到这份工作。A. expected预期；B. suspected怀疑；C. challenged挑战；D. decided决定。本句进一步解释接到通知当天不相信的喜悦，是因为自己没有预料到会得到这份工作。故选A。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：得到这份工作后，我完全惊呆了。A. motivated有动机的；B. relaxed放松的；C. astonished吃惊的；D. convinced说服。上文提到作者没想过自己会得到这份工作，本句继续说明得到这份工作后，自己当时的精神状态是惊讶的。故选C。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我对这一变化感到非常兴奋，但它也带来了一些挑战。A. profits收益；B. challenges挑战；C. advantages优势；D. adventures冒险。本段开始用了一个转折句，然后用一个双重否定句，说明尽管作者带着不相信的喜悦参加第一天的训练，但困难和挑战（challenges）一点也没减少。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过每周6天严格的舞蹈排练，我发现快速学习每一种材料是至关重要的。A. pick挑选；B. mix混合；C. build建立；D. put放置。作者发现快速学习每一种材料是至关重要的。短语pick up表示“学会，掌握”，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是对细节的极度关注和对实践的强调使我们与众不同。A. adaptation适应；B. association联系；C. attraction吸引；D. attention注意力。承接上句集中精力，这里是想说对细节的关注和训练的压力导致参与舞蹈的人的分化，即作者脱颖而出的原因。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：正是对细节的极度关注和对实践的强调使我们与众不同。A. back向后地；B. aside在旁边；C. off离开；D. apart分离。此处为短语set apart表示“使分离，突出”符合句意。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查介词辨析。句意：随着每天都有高能量的训练和每天达到五场演出的时间安排，让我体会了“hard work”的新含义。A. with和，随着；B. by借助；C. over在上面；D. beyond超过。此处表示“随着”应用介词with。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着每天都有高能量的训练和每天达到五场演出的时间安排，让我体会了“hard work”的新含义。A. function功能；B. expression表达；C. meaning含义，意义；D. reward奖励。根据空格前后的句子可知，作者终于理解了“hard work”的新含义，自己的潜能被发挥到极致。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为我体能的极限被发挥到超出想象的地步。A. confidence自信；B. boundaries边界；C. barriers障碍；D. efforts努力。作者每天都有高能量的训练和演出，让作者知道了她体能的极限被发挥到超出想象的地步。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为我体能的极限被发挥到超出想象的地步。A. possible可能的；B. perfect完美的；C. convenient方便的；D. essential基本的。这里指超过了所认为可能（possible）的地步。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，当我看到这家令人难以置信的公司时，我非常荣幸地成为其中的一员，不仅作为一名成员，而且作为一名舞蹈队长，我看到一个不仅激励了几代小女孩的传统，而且激励了一家优秀的公司，它不断发展壮大，激励着人们每天追随自己的梦想。A. talent才能；B. responsibility责任；C. honor荣誉；D. potential潜能。在自己梦寐以求的舞蹈团中，不仅作为一个成员而且还是队长，对于作者来说是一种很高的荣誉（honor）。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，当我看到这家令人难以置信的公司时，我非常荣幸地成为其中的一员，不仅作为一名成员，而且作为一名舞蹈队长，我看到一个不仅激励了几代小女孩的传统，而且激励了一家优秀的公司，它不断发展壮大，激励着人们每天追随自己的梦想。A. victory胜利；B. trend趋势；C. desire欲望；D. tradition传统。这家公司不仅培养了几代女孩，更让自己发展壮大，每天都鼓舞着人们去追寻梦想，这是公司长期以来的传统。故选D。
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
I drove a taxi to make a living. One night about twenty years ago, I went to pick up a passenger at 2:30 AM. When I arrived to collect, I found the building was dark except for a single light in a ground floor window.
I walked to the door and knocked, “Just a minute,” answered a weak, elderly voice.
After a long pause, the door opened. A small woman in her eighties stood before me. By her side was a small suitcase.
I took the suitcase to the car, and then returned to help the woman. She took my arm and we walked slowly toward the car.
She kept thanking me for my kindness. “It’s nothing,” I told her. “I just try to treat my passengers the way I would want my mother treated.”
“Oh, you’re such a good man.” She said. When we got into the taxi, she gave me an address, and then asked, “Could you drive through downtown?”
“It’s not the shortest way,” I answered quickly.
“Oh, I’m in no hurry,” she said. “I’m on my way to a hospice(临终医院). I don’t have any family left. The doctor says I don’t have very long.”
I quietly reached over and shut off the meter(计价器).
For the next two hours, we drove through the city. She showed me the building where she had once worked, the neighborhood where she had lived, and the furniture shop that had once been a ballroom where she had gone dancing as a girl.
Sometimes she’d ask me to slow down in front of a particular building and would sit staring into the darkness, saying nothing.
At dawn, she suddenly said, “I’m tired. Let’s go now.”
We drove in silence to the address she had given me.
“How much do I owe you?” she asked.
“Nothing.” I said.
“You have to make a living,” she answered. “Oh, there are other passengers,” I answered.
Almost without thinking, I bent and gave her a hug. She held onto me tightly. Our hug ended with her remark, “You gave an old woman a little moment of joy.”
31. The old woman chose to ride through the city in order to ______.
A. show she was familiar with the city
B. let the driver earn more money
C. see some places for the last time
D. reach the destination on time
32 The taxi driver did not charge the old woman because he ______.
A. shut off the meter by mistake
B. wanted to do her a favor
C. had received her payment in advance
D. was in a hurry to take other passengers
33. What can be inferred from the story?
A. Giving is always a pleasure.
B. People should respect the old.
C. People should learn to appreciate others’ concern.
D. An act of kindness can bring people great joy.
【答案】31. C 32. B 33. D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。本文讲了一个快要走到生命尽头的老人在司机耐心帮助下又最后看了看她曾经生活和工作的地方，在到达目的地之后司机没有收钱而且和她紧紧拥抱，让她感受到浓浓爱意。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第八段For the next two hours, we drove through the city. She showed me the building where she had once worked, the neighborhood where she had lived, and the furniture shop that had once been a ballroom where she had gone dancing as a girl.可知在接下来的两个小时里，我们开车穿过这个城市。她带我看了她曾经工作过的大楼，她曾经居住过的社区，还有曾经是舞厅的家具店，她还是个小女孩的时候曾在那里跳舞。由此可知，老妇人选择穿过市区是为了最后看一看一些地方。故选C。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第八段“Oh, I’m in no hurry,” she said. “I’m on my way to a hospice(临终医院). I don’t have any family left. The doctor says I don’t have very long.”(“哦，我不着急，”她说。“我在去临终医院的路上。我已经没有家人了。医生说我活不了多久了”)以及第九段I quietly reached over and shut off the meter(计价器).(我静静地伸出手，关掉了计价器)可知司机在得知老人是去临终医院，她已经没有亲人了．医生说她没有多少日子了时关掉了计时器，可推知他对老人很同情,之后他驾车带着老人穿过城市，最后老人下车时，他没有收老人的钱，由此可推知，出租车司机没有向老妇人收费，因为他想帮她一个忙。故选B。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“You gave an old woman a little moment of joy.”可知你让一个老人得到了短暂的快乐。结合根据本文讲了一个快要走到生命尽头的老人在司机耐心帮助下又最后看了看她曾经生活和工作的地方，在到达目的地之后司机没有收钱而且和她紧紧拥抱，老妇人说司机给了她短暂的快乐。由此可推知，一种善良的行为可以给别人带来巨大的快乐。故选D。
【点睛】隐含意义推理判断题。这类题的题干中常含有：infer/suggest/imply/conclude/intend/purpose/be likely to等标志性词语。解决这类问题时要理解文章潜在的含义和作者所给的提示。同时，要对文章的含义和作者的暗示作出合理的猜测和推断。如第三小题，根据最后一段中“You gave an old woman a little moment of joy.”可知你让一个老人得到了短暂的快乐。结合根据本文讲了一个快要走到生命尽头的老人在司机耐心帮助下又最后看了看她曾经生活和工作的地方，在到达目的地之后司机没有收钱而且和她紧紧拥抱，老妇人说司机给了她短暂的快乐。由此可推知，一种善良的行为可以给别人带来巨大的快乐。故选D。
B
Guide to Stockholm University Library
With good studying environment and different types of studying places, our library is a perfect place for study.
Zones
The library is divided into different zones. The upper floor is a quiet zone with over a thousand places for silent reading, and places where you can sit and work with your own computer. The reading places consist mostly of tables and chairs. The ground floor is the zone where you can talk. Here you can find sofas and armchairs for group work.
Computers
You can use your own computer to connect to the wi-fi specially prepared for notebook computers, your can also use library computers, which contain the most commonly used applications, such as Microsoft Office. They are situated in the area known as the Experimental Field on the ground floor.
Group-study places
If you want to discuss freely without disturbing others, you can book a study room or sit at a table on the ground floor. Some study rooms are for 2-3 people and others can hold up to 6-8 people. All rooms are marked on the library maps.
There are 40 group-study rooms that must be booked via the website. To book, you need an active University account and a valid University card. You can use a room three hours per day, nine hours at most per week.
Rules to be Followed
Mobile phone conversations are not permitted anywhere in the library. Keep your phone on silent as if you were in a lecture and exit the library if you need to receive calls.
Please note that food and fruit are forbidden in the library, but you are allowed to have drinks and sweets with you.
34. The library’s ground floor is mainly for students to________.
A. read in a quiet place B. get their computers fixed
C. take comfortable seats D. have group discussions
35. Library computers on the ground floor ________.
A. contain software essential for schoolwork
B. help students with their field experiments
C. are mostly used for filling out application forms
D. are for those who want to access the wi-fi
36. What condition should be met to book a group-study room?
A. A group must consist of 8 people
B. One should first register at the university
C. Three-hour use per day is the minimum
D. Applicants must mark the room on the map
37. What should NOT be brought into the library?
A. Lemon juice. B. Mobile phones.
C. Strawberries. D. Candy.
【答案】34. D 35. A 36. B 37. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要向我们说明了Stockholm 大学图书馆的一些服务设施以及需要注意的事项。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中The ground floor is the zone where you can talk. Here you can find sofas and armchairs for group work.可知一楼是你们可以进行交流的地方。在这里你可以找到沙发和扶手椅进行小组活动。由此可知，图书馆的一楼主要供学生分组讨论。故选D。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中You can use your own computer to connect to the wi-fi specially prepared for notebook computers, you can also use library computers, which contain the most commonly used applications, such as Microsoft Office.可知你可以用自己的电脑连接专门为笔记本电脑准备的wi-fi，你也可以用图书馆的电脑，里面有最常用的应用程序，比如Microsoft Office。由此可知，图书馆一层的电脑包含了学校作业所必需的软件。故选A。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据Group-study places部分中There are 40 group-study rooms that must be booked via the website. To book, you need an active University account and a valid University card.可知40间集体自习室必须通过网站预订。要预订，你需要一个激活的大学账户和一张有效的大学卡。由此可知，学生预订集体自习室需要先在大学注册。故选B。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据Rules to be Followed部分中Mobile phone conversations are not permitted anywhere in the library. Keep your phone on silent as if you were in a lecture and exit the library if you need to receive calls. (图书馆内任何地方都不允许使用移动电话。把手机调成静音，就像在听讲座一样;如果需要接电话，就离开图书馆)以及Please note that food and fruit are forbidden in the library, but you are allowed to have drinks and sweets with you.(请注意，食物和水果是禁止带入图书馆的，但允许携带饮料和糖果)结合选项可知C选项“草莓”是不允许带入图书馆的。故选C。
C
Why are people interested in eating raw foods or whole foods? One reason is that eating these types of food reduces the risk of acid accumulation in your body.
Raw and whole foods are usually digested more efficiently than cooked and refined foods. When we cook foods, we destroy the natural enzymes(酶) that are part of the food in its raw form. These enzymes were intended by nature to help us digest the food. When we consume food without these natural enzymes, our bodies either digest the food improperly or allow too many nutrients to be absorbed into the bloodstream. In both instances, the result is obesity. When too many nutrients are absorbed at once, the body grows fat. Improperly digested food moves slowly through the digestive tract, where it becomes increasingly acidic. To protect its vital organs from this acidic waste, the body changes the acid into fat and stores it safely away from the organs.
Processed foods contain chemical elements, which might confuse the appetite mechanism that tells us when we’ve had enough to eat; as a result, people often overeat. Processed foods also upset the digestive cycle. The body will either identify these foods as allergens and then store them safely away from the organs as fat, or the remains of undigested food will become acidic and enter the bloodstream as acid waste, which will stick to the blood vessel walls and block the passage of vital oxygen and nutrients heading for the body’s cells. The body’s metabolism (新陈代谢) becomes inactive, and the result is weight gain and obesity.
The accumulation of acid in the digestive tract makes digestion increasingly inefficient. When that happens, even healthy foods can become acidic and the food allergies will become more common.
To stop this vicious circle in its tracks, people need to consume food and supplements that will neutralize the acid already accumulated in body. Eating the right types of raw and whole foods can help. It’s also important to restore your enzyme balance. You need to identify and avoid the foods that cause acid accumulation and consume the foods that increase enzyme production. If you truly want to change and help your body heal itself, you need to take an active approach.
38. It can be inferred from Para. 2 that ____________.
A. foods with natural enzymes help people keep fit
B. we’d better be cautious about raw and whole foods
C. it is essential for people to protect their vital organs
D. giving up cooked and refined foods is a new lifestyle
39. Processed foods are unhealthy because they ____________.
A. destroy body’s cells B. may lead to obesity
C. are difficult to digest D. stop body’s metabolism.
40. What is the main purpose of this passage?
A. To warn people of the problem of obesity.
B. To advocate eating more raw and whole foods.
C. To inform people of the harm of processed foods.
D. To tell the differences between raw and processed foods.
41. What is likely to be talked about following the last paragraph?
A. Different causes of acid accumulation.
B. Correct ways to cook raw foods.
C. Suitable types of raw and whole foods.
D. Active approaches to avoid acid.
【答案】38. A 39. B 40. B 41. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。本文讲述的生的食物和完整的食物对人体的好处，倡导人们多食用这样的健康的食品。
38题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“When we cook foods, we destroy the natural enzymes(酶) that are part of the food in its raw form. These enzymes were intended by nature to help us digest the food. When we consume food without these natural enzymes, our bodies either digest the food improperly or allow too many nutrients to be absorbed into the bloodstream.”可知，当我们烹饪食物的时候，我们破坏了食物中的天然酶，它是食物原料的一部分。 这些酶本来是用来帮助我们消化食物的。 当我们食用没有这些天然酶的食物时，我们的身体要么不正确地消化食物，要么让太多的营养物质被吸收到血液中。由此判断出，含有天然酶的食物可以帮助人们保持健康。故A正确。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The body’s metabolism (新陈代谢) becomes inactive, and the result is weight gain and obesity.”可知，身体的新陈代谢变得不活跃，结果是体重增加和肥胖。所以加工食品是不健康的，因为它们可能导致肥胖。故B正确。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“To stop this vicious circle in its tracks, people need to consume food and supplements that will neutralize the acid already accumulated in body. Eating the right types of raw and whole foods can help. It’s also important to restore your enzyme balance.可知，为了阻止这种恶性循环，人们需要吃一些食物和补品来中和体内积累的酸。食用正确的生食和天然食品会有所帮助。由此判断出，这篇文章的主要目的是提倡吃更多的生食和天然食品。故B正确。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“You need to identify and avoid the foods that cause acid accumulation and consume the foods that increase enzyme production. If you truly want to change and help your body heal itself, you need to take an active approach.”可知，你需要识别和避免那些会引起酸积累的食物，并食用那些会增加酶的食物。如果你真的想要改变并帮助你的身体自我痊愈，你需要采取积极的方法。由此判断出，在最后一段之后可能会讨论适合的生食和天然食物。故C正确。
D
As we grow old, we realize that we have so little time to read and there are so many great books that we’ve yet to get around to. Yet re-readers are everywhere around us. For certain fans, re-reading The Lord of the Rings is a conventional practice annually. One friend told me that Jane Austen’s Emma can still surprise him, despite his having read it over 50 times.
New sudden clear understandings can be gained from the process of re-reading. Journalist Rebacca Mead, a long-time Englishwoman in New York, first came across George Eliot’s Middlemarch at 17. Since then, has read it again every five years. With each re-reading, it has opened up further; in each chapter of her life, it has resonated (引起共鸣) differently. Mead evidenced the large number of ways in which really good books not only stand the test of repeat reads, but also offer fresh gifts each time we crack their spines. These kinds of books grow with us.
Scientists have also recognized the mental health benefits of re-reading. Research conducted with readers in the US found that on our first reading, we are concerned with the “what” and the “why”. Second time round, we’re able to better appreciate the emotions that the plot continues to express. As researcher Cristel Russell of the American University explained, returning to a book “brings new or renewed appreciation of both the great book and its readers.”
It’s true that we often find former selves on the pages of old books (if we’re fond of making notes on the pages). These texts can carry us back to a lime and place, and remind us of the kind of person that we were then. We’re changed not only by lived experience but also by reading experience—by the books that we’ve discovered since last reading the one in our hand.
More than the movie director or the musician, the writer calls upon our imaginations, using words to lead us to picture this declaration of love or that unfaithfulness in life. A book is a joint project between writers and readers, and we must pour so much of ourselves into reading that our own life story can become connected with the story in the book.
Perhaps what’s really strange is that we don’t re-read more often. After all, we watch our favorite films again and we wouldn’t think of listening to an album only once. We treasure messy old paintings as objects, yet of all art forms, literature alone is a largely one-time delight. A book, of course, takes up more time, but as Mead confirms, the rewards make it adequately worthwhile.
42. The two are mentioned in Paragraph 1 mainly to ________.
A. attract the attention of re-readers
B. introduce the topic of the passage
C. provide some background information
D. show the similarity between re-readers
43. The underlined expression “crack their spines” in Paragraph 2 refers to ________.
A. re-read them B. recite them
C. recall them D. retell them
44. It can be learned from the passage that ________.
A. reading benefits people both mentally and physically
B. readers mainly focus on feelings on their first reading
C. writers inspire the same imaginations as film directors do
D. we know ourselves better through re-reading experience
45. The purpose of the passage is to ________.
A. call on different understandings of old books
B. focus on the mental health benefits of reading
C. bring awareness to the significance of re-reading
D. introduce the effective ways of re-reading old books
【答案】42. B 43. A 44. D 45. C
【解析】
本文主要介绍了我们很少阅读，但是实际上是有很多好书值得一读，尤其是有一些好书值得读很多遍。以此文让人们意识到再读的重要性。
【42题详解】
B
推理判断题。本文主要介绍了我们很少阅读，但是实际上是有很多好书值得一读的，尤其是有一些好书值得读很多遍。所以作者在第一段中提到了两本书，说它们是很值得读很多遍的书，可知是为了引出本文的主题。故选B。
【43题详解】
A
词句猜测题。根据第二段Mead evidenced the large number of ways in which really good books not only stand the test of repeat reads（Mead证明了大量真正的好书不仅经得起重复阅读的考验。）可知，下文but also offer fresh gifts each time we crack their spines.（而且重复阅读时它也给我们提供了新鲜的知识。）所以可猜测出划线词crack their spines意思是A项re-read them（重读它们）。故选A。
【44题详解】
D
推理判断题。根据第四段It’s true that we often find former selves on the pages of old books (if we’re fond of making notes on the pages)可知，我们经常在旧书页上找到以前的自己（如果我们喜欢在书页上做笔记），所以我们可以通过再读的经历让我们更好地了解我们自己。故选D。
【45题详解】
C
主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了我们很少阅读，但是实际上是有很多好书值得一读的，尤其是有一些好书值得读很多遍，以此让人们意识到再读的重要性。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do you feel sad? Happy? Angry? You may think that the way you show these emotions is unique. Well, think again. Even the expression of the most personal feelings can be classified, according to Mind Reading, a DVD exhibiting every possible human emotion．___46___
In the mid 1800s, Darwin divided the emotions into six types—anger, fear, sadness, disgust, surprise and enjoyment．More complex expressions of emotion were probably learned and therefore more specific to each culture．But now it is believed that many more facial expressions are shared worldwide．___47___The Mind Reading DVD is a systematic visual record of these expressions．
The project was designed by a Cambridge professor．His research team first had to define an "emotion"．___48___Using this definition, 412 emotion terms were identified and discussed, from "afraid" to "wanting"．
Then each expression is acted out by six different actors．"It was really clear when the actors had got it right," says Cathy Collis, who directed the DVD．"Although they were given some direction, the actors were not told which facial muscles they should move．___49___
Someone who has tried to set such rules is the American, Professor Paul Ekman, who built database of how the face moves for every emotion．The face can make 43 distinct muscle movements．Ekman has also found that it may not be possible for people to reproduce them artificially．The most difficult expression to reproduce is the smile．It isn't only about stretching the lips, but tightening the tiny muscles around the eyes．___50___If we learnt to recognize whether someone was using their eye muscle when they smiled, we would be able to distinguish true enjoyment from false.
A. It shows 412 distinct ways we feel．
B. These can be combined into more than 10,000 facial shapes．
C. These particular muscles are difficult to control, and few people can do it．
D. They decided that it was a mental state that could be introduced by "I feel" or "he looks "or "she sounds"．
E. He said the expression of these feelings was universal and recognizable by anyone, from any culture．
F. It is as if they are programmed into the brains of "normal humans" wherever they are and whatever their races．
G. We thought of trying to describe each emotion but it would have been almost impossible to make clear rules for this．
【答案】46. A 47. F 48. D 49. G 50. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了一项对人类情绪的研究。
【46题详解】
上句是说"情绪分为6种类型--愤怒，害怕，悲伤，厌恶，惊奇和欣赏。a DVD exhibiting every possible human emotion有一个DVD展示了人类每一个可能的情绪，后面就要提到显示情绪的数量，故A选项“它显示了我们412种不同的感觉”切题。故选A。
【47题详解】
上句是But now it is believed that many more facial expressions are shared worldwide人们认为世界各地都共有很多面部表情，无论身处何地，无论种族。选项承接上文。故F选项“这就好像他们被编入了“正常人类”的大脑，无论他们在哪里，无论他们是什么种族。”切题。故选F项。
【48题详解】
上一句谈到了教授和他的研究团队第一次不得不定义情绪，后面又谈到了用这些定义取得了什么成果。故中间那句话应该是给情绪下定义，故D选项“他们认为这是一种心理状态，可以用“我感觉”或“他看起来”或“她听起来”来描述”。切题。故选D项。
【49题详解】
上中提到的越来越多的脸部表情在全世界都被共享，所以后面可以推知，既然被全世界共享，那么就可以努力地描述各种情绪了。但是为了做到这一点去制定一个规则又是不可能的。故G选项“我们曾试着努力描述各种情绪，但是为此制定一个清晰的规则几乎是不可能的。”切题。故选G。
【50题详解】
前文说到这些演员并没有被告知要如何活动脸部肌肉，所以后面应该会解释他们没有被告知的原因，故C选项“这些特殊的肌肉是很难控制的，很少有人能做到这一点。”切题。故选C。
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）
第一节 （15分）
51.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你得知2022年冬奥会和冬残奥会（Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games）赛会志愿者全球招募, 请你给相关部门负责人写一封申请信，内容包括：
1. 介绍你的基本信息；
2. 说明你的优势；
3. 表示你希望被录用。
注意：1.词数不少于50；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir or Madam
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir or Madam,
I have learned that English volunteers for Beijing 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games are wanted. I am writing to apply for this position.
I’m a Senior 3 student in Hongxing Middle School, and I believe I am qualified for the position. These years, I have been on several exchange programs in America, so I am confident with my communication skills in English. What’s more, as a super fan of sports, with my love and knowledge of sports as well as Chinese culture and history, I can fulfill my role not only as a successful coordinator but also a cultural ambassador to spread the splendid Chinese culture. I am sure my knowledge will prove helpful when I introduce Beijing and Zhangjiakou to foreign guests. In addition, the voluntary service will offer a precious chance to contribute to our society, which appeals to me very much.
I would be very grateful if you could offer me the opportunity. Thank you for your consideration.
Sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇提纲类写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你得知2022年冬奥会和冬残奥会（Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games）赛会志愿者全球招募, 请你给相关部门负责人写一封申请信，内容包括：1. 介绍你的基本信息；2. 说明你的优势；3. 表示你希望被录用。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games (冬奥会和冬残奥会)；apply for (申请)；be confident with (自信)；as well as (而且)等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时，一般将来时和现在完成时。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如I have learned that English volunteers for Beijing 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games are wanted.运用了宾语从句；I would be very grateful if you could offer me the opportunity.运用条件状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
第二节（20分）
52.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校上周五举办了一次消防演习。请根据以下四幅图的顺序写一篇英语周记，记录这次演习的全过程。
注意：1．词数不少于60；
2．开头已给出，不计入总词数。
3．提示词：消防演习 a fire drill，报警器 fire alarm，逃生路线 evacuation route

Last Friday, we practised a fire drill in the school.
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【答案】Possible version 1:
Last Friday, we practised a fire drill in the school. In the morning, we were having a class when suddenly some black smoke went into the classroom. At the same time, the fire alarm went off. So we quickly followed the evacuation route and went downstairs. Everyone bent down and used a towel to cover the noses and mouths. We went out of the teaching building in a short time. During that time, a fireman was counting time with his watch. It took us three minutes to get to the playground! The fireman was impressed by our quick action and praised us.
Possible version 2:
Last Friday, we practised a fire drill in the school. In the morning, we were in the middle of the English class when heavy smoke began floating into the classroom from the hallway. The fire alarm went off and we quickly got out of our classroom and followed the evacuation route. Everyone hurried downstairs to the playground, bending down and covering the noses and mouths with towels. At the same time, a fireman was timing us with his watch. When we got to the playground safe, he told us we had made it within 3 minutes. He praised us for our quick reactions. This fire drill helped us know a minute would make all the difference in an emergency.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇图画类作文。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校上周五举办了一次消防演习。请根据以下四幅图的顺序写一篇英语周记，记录这次演习的全过程。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：at the same time(同时)；fire alarm (报警器)；a fire drill (消防演习)；evacuation route (逃生路线)；teaching building(教学楼)等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般过去时。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如In the morning, we were having a class when suddenly some black smoke went into the classroom.运用了时间状语从句；It took us three minutes to get to the playground!运用句型“it take/took some time to do sth.”。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。