江西省赣州市十八县二十四校2024-2025学年高三上学期期中考试（含解析）英语试卷

这是一份江西省赣州市十八县二十四校2024-2025学年高三上学期期中考试（含解析）英语试卷，共17页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
英语试题
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Since 2010, Cheetah Sprts Academy has been rganising fun-filled sprting activities fr primary schl children. This year, we will be rganising ur very first three-day camp! Thrugh participating in engaging utdr and indr activities, yur cnfidence, fitness and md will imprve. As this is a day camp, yu will get t g hme every evening. Rest assured that yu d nt have t lve sprts t gain camping experience! Sign up nw!
Recmmendatins frm Our Members:
I signed up fr the camp and made many new friends, I have gained new cnfidence thrugh these sprting activities and will recmmend my friends t sign up fr them t!
—Hailey, 10 years ld
I felt s happy and relaxed after the camp. After learning Gaelic Ftball, which is a team sprt, I went back t schl and taught my classmates hw t play. Since then, we have been playing Gaelic Ftball every weekend!
—Crrine, 11 years ld
Registratin Infrmatin
T register, visit Sign up with anther friend and bth f yu will get a limited-editin Cheetah Sprts Academy backpack. Als, if yu sign up befre 1 Nvember 2024, yu will get t enjy a 10% discunt. Sign up nw!
Spnsred by: Healthy Living Assciatin
Organised by: Cheetah Sprts Academy
21. Wh is this camp rganised fr?
A. Sprts-lving children.
B. Primary schl children.
C. Members f Cheetah Sprts Academy.
D. Members f Healthy Living Assciatin.
22. What can participants expect t d?
A. Organise sprting activities.B. Prmte sprts spirit.
C. Camp vernight. D. Gain mre cnfidence.
23. What will yu receive if yu register alne n Octber 29, 2024?
A. A reductin in the usual price.B. A pair f new sprts shes.
C. A limited-editin backpack.D. A limited-editin sprts T-shirt.
B
I have nw spent a week in the Amazn jungle in Brazil. The jungle is filled with many kinds f animals, birds, and fish. But chances f seeing these creatures are small, because they are easily frightened. Crcdiles, turtles, electric eels, and fish live in the Amazn River.
During a cane ride ne night, I sat quietly fr almst an hur, trying t spt sme f the jungle’s creatures. With a flashlight, I finally saw squirrel mnkeys running alng tree branches. A crcdile eyed ur cane as it mved thrugh the water. On ur return t camp, I saw a large, hairy tarantula sitting n a tree stump (树桩).
Several native tribes make their hmes alng the banks f the Amazn River. Fr mst f them, their style f living has hardly changed in the past 4,000 years. I visited a village f the Yagua tribe. The peple were interested in me, but cautius. The Yagua are shy peple wh will prbably never get used t the sight f turists.
The Yagua live n high wden platfrms cvered by thatched rfs. They eat whatever the jungle supplies, including fish, bananas, and yucca plants.
The men wear grass skirts and hats. They paint red dye made frm berries n their faces and necks. The wmen and children wear skirts f clth and shirts f straw, but are nt “made up” as the men are. The men spend the day hunting with blwguns that sht pisn darts. Meanwhile, the wmen and children keep the village in gd rder and make beads and the blwguns.
Befre I left the village, the children asked me t write my name fr them. They watched me with great interest as I wrte. I was sad t leave the village but grateful that the Yagua had been willing t share their lives with me.
24. Why are animals difficult t be sptted?
A. They are easily scared away.B. They are active nly at night.
C. They are mstly underwater.D. They are in a small number.
25. What is the Yagua peple’s attitude twards the authr?
A. Critical.B. Careful.C. Grateful.D. Dubtful.
26. What can we knw abut the Yagua?
A. They use mdern tls fr hunting.B. Their culture is influenced by turists.
C. Their lifestyle has barely changed.D. They depend n farming fr survival.
27. What is this jurnal abut?
A. The histry f rainfrests. B. The sights f Brazil wildlife.
C. The jurney t the Yagua tribe.D. The animals in the Amazn jungle.
C
When hearing the wrd “genius”, many peple autmatically picture a persn with crazy and untidy hair — smene like Albert Einstein, the famus scientist. They imagine the genius t be madly writing equatins (方程式) n a whitebard, perhaps muttering t themselves as they wrk. This is a ppular steretype f what a genius is like, but is it accurate? What makes a persn a genius?
Psychlgical studies define a genius as being a persn with an abve average intelligence, and many researchers believe that an IQ (Intelligence Qutient) f abve 140 indicates that a persn has a high ptential f genius. Research cnfirms that inherited (遗传的) intellectual ability des play a rle in determining genius, and statistics shw that genius tendencies are frequently passed dwn frm generatin t generatin.
But is a persn’s natural intelligence strngly linked t genius? Many peple wh scre highly n intelligence tests are nt successful in everyday life, and they ften d nt display any abve-average abilities. The 19th century British scientist, Sir Francis Galtn, believed that the term “genius” culd nly be applied t smene wh had accmplished a significant achievement. What mattered t Galtn was nt a persn’s ptential ability, but hw much a persn culd achieve with that ability. He cnsidered intelligence and characteristics such as enthusiasm and capacity t wrk hard are equally imprtant.
Sme believe that genius may almst be a type f psychsis. It is a fact that sme f the wrld’s mst celebrated intellectual geniuses display very pr scial and emtinal skills, and these peple clsely match the steretype f the “mad scientist” genius. Others believe ne can be a genius in ne r tw areas but nt in thers. They believe many peple can have elements f genius — such as being a cnfident speaker r an excellent sprtsman.
At present there is nthing agreed upn the exact meaning r explanatin f genius. Hwever, it des appear that bth genetic and envirnmental factrs cntribute tward creating a genius.
28. What is the main purpse f this passage?
A. T shw hw t prduce a genius.
B. T present different definitins f genius.
C. T discuss the pssible makeup f a genius.
D. T explre the mental health f geniuses.
29. What is as imprtant t genius as intelligence accrding t Galtn?
A. High emtinal intelligence.B. Significant achievements.
C. Ptential fr innvatin. D. Passin and diligence.
30. What des the wrd “psychsis” in Paragraph 4 pssibly mean?
A. High intelligence.B. Frank persnality.
C. Mental disease. D. Physical fitness.
31. What can we infer frm the passage?
A. The definitin f genius is still under debate.
B. Peple with high EQ are usually successful.
C. A genius is usually cnfident in speaking.
D. Peple with pr scial skills are likely t be genius.
D
Sn after ChatGPT was intrduced t public in 2022, researchers tested what the artificial intelligence (AI) chatbt wuld write after it was asked questins with false narratives. The results were trubling. Researchers predict that generative technlgy like ChatGPT culd make disinfrmatin cheaper and easier t prduce fr an even larger number f spreaders f disinfrmatin. Persnalized, real-time chatbts culd share false infrmatin in increasingly credible and persuasive ways, researchers say, smthing ut human errrs like pr grammar and mistranslatins and advancing beynd easily discverable cpy-paste jbs. And they say that n available strategies can effectively fight it.
Earlier versins f ChatGPT, which was created by the cmpany OpenAI, have been used fr years t fill nline frums and scial media platfrms with cmments and unwanted emails. Micrsft had t stp activity frm its Tay chatbt within 24 hurs f intrducing it n Twitter in2016 after trlls (恶意发帖人) taught it t use racist language. ChatGPT is far mre pwerful, advanced and cmplex. Supplied with questins laded with disinfrmatin, it can prduce cnvincing, clean variatins n the cntent within secnds, withut disclsing its surces. Recently, Micrsft and OpenAI intrduced a new Bing search engine and web brwser that can use chatbt technlgy t plan vacatins, translate texts r cnduct research.
OpenAI researchers have lng been nervus abut chatbts falling int hands f criminals. They viced their cncern abut their chatbt’s capabilities t lwer csts f disinfrmatin campaigns and aid in the pursuit f mnetary gains, particular plitical agendas, and/r desires t create chas r cnfusin. OpenAI uses machines and humans t mnitr cntent that is fed int and prduced by ChatGPT. The cmpany relies n bth its human AI trainers and feed-back frm users t identify and filter ut harmful training data while teaching ChatGPT t prduce better-infrmed respnses. OpenAI’s plicies prhibit use f its technlgy t prmte dishnesty, mislead users r attempt t influence plitics. The cmpany ffers a free mderatin tl t handle cntent that prmtes hate, self-harm and vilence.
32. What d we knw abut the Tay chatbt?
A. It was taken dwn shrtly after it was released.
B. It was OpenAI’s mst advanced chatbt.
C. It was intrduced t cmpete with ChatGPT.
D. It was slw in learning new cntent.
33. Hw des ChatGPT increase the risk f disinfrmatin?
A. It reduces the effectiveness f disinfrmatin.
B. It lwers the cst f disinfrmatin campaigns.
C. It makes disinfrmatin cheaper and cnvincing.
D. It spreads infrmatin mre quickly than befre.
34. What des OpenAI d t prevent the misuse f ChatGPT?
A. Share data with ther cmpanies.
B. Encurage users t give feedback.
C. Mnitr cntent and fllw strict rules.
D. Review infrmatin frm new users.
35. What culd be the best title f this passage?
A. OpenAI Bans the Misuse f Generative Technlgy
B. ChatGPT Crafts Misinfrmatin in Mre Areas
C. Researchers Seek Slutins t Cmbat AI Chatbts
D. Researchers Raise Alarms Abut AI Chatbts
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
D We Really Need Cash Anymre?
Mst f us dn’t cnsider frests a surce f pllutin. ____36____ But a recent study in Japan shws that sme plantatins (种植园), especially lder cedar and cypress plantatins (雪松和柏树林) are causing as much pllutin as a prly managed agricultural field r urban setting. Accrding t Masaaki Chiwa, the lead authr f the study, the pllutin is nt the fault f the trees. ____37____ In Japan, as in ther cuntries, natural frests usually play a significant rle in maintaining water quality.
“Many Japanese cedar and Japanese cypress plantatins were established in the 1950s and 1960s — 60% f thse n private land,” accrding t Chiwa. “These are nt natural frests. ____38____”
At the time f their planting, there was a shrt supply f these trees. Hwever, an increase in imprts f ther wds has affected prices f Japanese cedar and cypress and led t the decline in active plantatin management. ____39____
These lder plantatins are nw a surce f nn-pint nitrgen pllutin accrding t the study. “Nn-pint” pllutin cmes frm a mre widespread area, such as these plantatins. The nitrgen is flwing frm the plantatins during rainfalls r snw melts int nearby bdies f water, causing algae blms.
____40____ Just like in a natural frest, needles fall frm the aging trees and accumulate n the plantatin flr. This is part f Mther Nature’s way f recycling nutrients. Earthwrms and sil micrbes decmpse the needles and return the nutrients t the sil. Yunger grwth nearby finishes the prcess and takes up the nutrients.
A. It’s the management f the plantatins.
B. Smetimes such pllutin is easily ignred.
C. Where des all this nitrgen cme frm?
D. They were meant fr cmmercial purpses.
E. The result was vercrwded land with aging trees.
F. As natural bdies, they shuld be gd fr the envirnment.
G. The age f the trees in these plantatins means they are grwing mre slwly.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The Bad Luck Thery
Murphy’s law states: “If anything can g wrng, it will.”
Yu just washed yur car, and it started raining. Is this nly bad luck r is it Murphy’s law at wrk?
____41____ situatins ccur all the time. When yu get int a line at the supermarket, yu find yu’ve ____42____ the slwest ne, and it just desn’t mve. When yu’re in a hurry t pen the dr and yu ____43____ several keys n the key ring, the last ne is usually the ne that ____44____. Is it bad luck r des it happen nly by chance? British physicist Rbert Mathews thinks it’s neither ne nr the ther. He explains that peple tend t ____45____ the bad things mre readily than the things that usually wrk ut, and the law f prbability is mre against us than in ur ____46____.
Mathews became a ppular scientist when he prved that a piece f tast desn’t ____47____ fall n the flr n the buttered side. Accrding t the ____48____, half fell n the buttered side, and half didn’t.
Nw here’s a ____49____ questin fr Dr. Mathews. It’s a knwn ____50____ that cats always fall n their fur legs. What happens if yu tie a piece f buttered tast n a cat’s ____51____ and drp it frm a balcny? Will the cat land n all furs, ____52____ will the tast land n the buttered side?
Just remember that yu cannt ____53____ Murphy’s law fr everything that ges wrng. If yur car breaks dwn n the way, it’s prbably because yu didn’t have it ____54____ r repaired. If the ht water runs ut while yu’re having a ____55____ it’s prbably because the burner needs t be fixed.
41. A. GeneralB. StrangeC. UnusualD. Similar
42. A. stdB. chsenC. crssedD. drawn
43. A. tryB. turnC. findD. remve
44. A. fitsB. changesC. wrksD. suits
45. A. thrwB. cllectC. frgetD. remember
46. A. advantageB. agreementC. favrD. supprt
47. A. regularlyB. quicklyC. necessarilyD. directly
48. A. experimentB. agreementC. fictinD. predictin
49. A. trickyB. ridiculusC. familiarD. cntemprary
50. A. theryB. stryC. factD. pinin
51. A. legsB. earsC. stmachD. back
52. A. andB. rC. sD. but
53. A. blameB. thankC. designD. spare
54. A. cleanedB. servicedC. startedD. measured
55. A. shwerB. restC. dinnerD. swim
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nature Prtects China’s Great Wall
Researchers have recently fund that parts f China’s Great Wall have been preserved by smething called a bicrust, _____56_____ thin layer f plant life. The mst famus parts f the wall were built frm stne, but in sme areas it was built _____57_____ (use) rammed earth with sil and rcks _____58_____ (press) tgether. Over time, wind and rain can _____59_____ (easy) wear dwn rammed earth, s scientists have ften questined _____60_____ these ld sectins f the Great Wall have managed t survive fr such a lng time.
A grup f researchers frm China Agricultural University examined a 370-mile lng sectin f the wall and fund that mre than tw thirds f it _____61_____ (cver) in bicrust. Sme pieces f the plant-based layer were up t three times strnger than the rammed earth. This means that the bicrust _____62_____ (strengthen) the wall and prtected it frm being wrn dwn by weather ver the years.
These _____63_____ (find) culd be imprtant fr peple wh manage ancient structures arund the wrld. Althugh bicrust may nt lk _____64_____ (attract), its natural ability t preserve things culd be a very useful tl fr experts lking fr ways ______65______ (prtect) precius ancient buildings.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 假如你是李华，以下是你的好友Sarah的邮件要点和你的要点备注，你打算据此给Sarah回一封电子邮件。
注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hi, Sarah. Thanks fr inviting me!
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Gary, it’s the start f a lng weekend. Shall we g fr lunch at Suthpint Mall and then g t the arcade after schl? The new game that we have been waiting fr was just launched!” Jasn asked his best friend excitedly during recess. That had always been their plan whenever there was a lng weekend. Instead f the enthusiastic reply that Jasn was expecting, Gary lked away and mumbled an excuse. “I can’t. I have t lk after my sickly grandmther,” Gary respnded. His vice was s sft that Jasn had t strain his ears t catch the wrds. “I see. We can g sme ther time then,” Jasn said reassuringly, thugh he was puzzled. Fr as lng as he had knwn Gary, Gary had never declined a visit t the arcade. Mrever, had he nt been eager t play the new game?
Fr the rest f the day, Gary stayed away frm Jasn in case he asked mre questins. He was nt ready t tell Jasn the truth. He had taken n a part-time jb, wrking at the fast-fd restaurant near his hme. In a way, he had nt tld Jasn a lie when he said he had t take care f his sickly grandmther. Gary wanted t chip in t ease his family’s financial burden. Her cnditin required frequent visits t the hspital, and these cntributed t the high medical expenses. He had decided that getting a part-time jb was the best slutin.
As sn as the dismissal bell rang, Gary grabbed his bag, rushed dwn the stairs and zmed ut f the schl gates. He had t g hme and get ready fr his shift at the fast-fd restaurant. He did nt want t be late. It was nly his secnd week n the jb. Latecmers wuld als have their extra allwance deducted, and he culd nt affrd that. Upn reaching hme, he tk a quick shwer and changed int his wrk unifrm. “I’m leaving, Mum!” Gary called ut. Having kissed his grandmther gdbye, he set ff.
After lcking his bicycle securely, Gary entered his wrkplace. Many tables were already ccupied. Mre custmers were streaming in, lking fr seats. He braced himself fr the weekend crwds. Gary tk his psitin behind the cunter as a teenager stepped up and started rattling ff his rder. Gary’s fingers mved rapidly t key in the items rdered. He tk great care in ensuring that they were crrect. The teenager mved aside t wait fr his rder after making payment.
“Next rder, please,” Gary said as he placed a tray in frnt f him.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
During the break, Gary sat dwn with Jasn and he aplgised fr nt explaining the situatin earlier.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A
【21题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“Since 2010, Cheetah Sprts Academy has been rganising fun-filled sprting activities fr primary schl children.(自2010年以来，猎豹体育学院一直在为小学生组织充满乐趣的体育活动。)”可知，这个夏令营是为小学生组织的。故选B项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“Thrugh participating in engaging utdr and indr activities, yur cnfidence, fitness and md will imprve. (通过参与户外和室内活动，你的信心、健康和情绪都会得到改善。)”可知，参与者可以期待获得更多的信心。故选D项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。由Registratin Infrmatin中“Als, if yu sign up befre 1 Nvember 2024, yu will get t enjy a 10% discunt. Sign up nw!(此外，如果您在2024年11月1日之前注册，您将享受10%的折扣。立即注册！)”可知，如果您在2024年10月29日注册，您将获得通常价格的折扣。故选A项。
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. C 27. C
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“But chances f seeing these creatures are small, because they are easily frightened.( 但看到这些动物的机会很小，因为它们很容易受到惊吓。)”可知，动物很难被发现是因为他们很容易被吓跑。故选A项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“I visited a village f the Yagua tribe. The peple were interested in me, but cautius.( 我参观了亚瓜部落的一个村庄。人们对我很感兴趣，但很谨慎。)”可知，亚瓜人对作者的态度是小心谨慎的。故选B项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Fr mst f them, their style f living has hardly changed in the past 4,000 years.( 对于他们中的大多数人来说，他们的生活方式在过去的4000年里几乎没有改变。)”可知，关于亚瓜我们能知道他们的生活方式几乎没有改变。故选C项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第三段中“Several native tribes make their hmes alng the banks f the Amazn River. Fr mst f them, their style f living has hardly changed in the past 4,000 years. I visited a village f the Yagua tribe.( 几个土著部落在亚马逊河沿岸定居。对于他们中的大多数人来说，他们的生活方式在过去的4000年里几乎没有改变。我参观了亚瓜部落的一个村庄。)”和下文的内容介绍可知，文章主要讲的是作者去亚马逊河旁的亚瓜部落的旅途经历。由此可推知，这本日记是关于去亚瓜部落的旅程。故选C项。
【答案】28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A
【28题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“When hearing the wrd “genius”, many peple autmatically picture a persn with crazy and untidy hair—smene like Albert Einstein, the famus scientist. They imagine the genius t be madly writing equatins (方程式) n a whitebard, perhaps muttering t themselves as they wrk. This is a ppular steretype f what a genius is like, but is it accurate? What makes a persn a genius?(当听到“天才”这个词时，许多人会不由自主地联想到一个头发蓬乱的人——比如著名科学家Albert Einstein。他们想象这位天才会疯狂地在白板上写方程式，也许边写边自言自语。这是对天才的普遍刻板印象，但它准确吗？是什么使一个人成为天才？)”可知，这篇文章的主要目的是提出天才的不同定义。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“He cnsidered intelligence and characteristics such as enthusiasm and capacity t wrk hard are equally imprtant.(他认为智力和热情、努力、能力等特点同样重要。)”可知，根据Galtn的说法，对天才来说，热情和勤奋和智力一样重要。故选D。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段“It is a fact that sme f the wrld’s mst celebrated intellectual geniuses display very pr scial and emtinal skills, and these peple clsely match the steretype f the “mad scientist” genius.(事实上，一些世界上最著名的智力天才表现出非常糟糕的社交和情感技能，这些人非常符合“疯狂科学家”天才的刻板印象。)”可知，有些人认为天才几乎是一种精神病，划线词psychsis的意思是“精神病”，和Mental disease意思相近。故选C。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“At present there is nthing agreed upn the exact meaning r explanatin f genius.(目前，对于天才的确切含义和解释还没有达成一致意见。)”可知，天才的定义仍在争论中。故选A。
【答案】32. A 33. C 34. C 35. D
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Micrsft had t stp activity frm its Tay chatbt within 24 hurs f intrducing it n Twitter in2016 after trlls (恶意发帖人) taught it t use racist language.(2016年，微软在推特上推出Tay聊天机器人后，24小时内就停止了它的活动，因为有恶意攻击者教它使用种族主义语言)”可知，Tay聊天机器人在发布后不久就被下架了。故选A项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Researchers predict that generative technlgy like ChatGPT culd make disinfrmatin cheaper and easier t prduce fr an even larger number f spreaders f disinfrmatin.( 研究人员预测，像ChatGPT这样的生成技术可以使虚假信息更便宜，更容易为更多的虚假信息传播者生产)”可知，ChatGPT增加了虚假信息的风险，因为它使虚假信息更便宜，更有说服力。故选C项。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“OpenAI uses machines and humans t mnitr cntent that is fed int and prduced by ChatGPT. (OpenAI使用机器和人类来监控ChatGPT输入和生成的内容)”以及“OpenAI’s plicies prhibit use f its technlgy t prmte dishnesty, mislead users r attempt t influence plitics. The cmpany ffers a free mderatin tl t handle cntent that prmtes hate, self-harm and vilence.(OpenAI的政策禁止使用其技术来促进不诚实、误导用户或试图影响政治。该公司提供了一个免费的审核工具来处理宣扬仇恨、自残和暴力的内容)”可知，OpenAI通过监控内容并严格遵守规则来防止滥用ChatGPT。故选C项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段中“OpenAI’s plicies prhibit use f its technlgy t prmte dishnesty, mislead users r attempt t influence plitics. The cmpany ffers a free mderatin tl t handle cntent that prmtes hate, self-harm and vilence(OpenAI的政策禁止使用其技术来促进不诚实、误导用户或试图影响政治。该公司提供了一个免费的审核工具来处理宣扬仇恨、自残和暴力的内容)”可知，文章主要讲的是研究人员对人工智能聊天机器人表示担忧，并对其提出警告。由此可知，“研究人员对人工智能聊天机器人发出警告”适合作本文最佳标题。故选D项。
【答案】36. F 37. A 38. D 39. E 40. C
【36题详解】
空前“Mst f us dn’t cnsider frests a surce f pllutin.(我们大多数人都不认为森林是污染源。)”说明了人们不认为森林是污染源，由空后的But表转折可知，空格处仍然应该讲人们不认为森林是污染环境的，F选项“As natural bdies, they shuld be gd fr the envirnment.(作为自然物体，它们应该对环境有益。)”说明了人们认为森林对环境有益，也就是森林并不会污染环境，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选F。
【37题详解】
空前“Accrding t Masaaki Chiwa, the lead authr f the study, the pllutin is nt the fault f the trees.(该研究的第一作者Masaaki Chiwa表示，污染不是树木的错。)”说明了污染不是树木的错，空格处应该说是谁的错，A选项“It’s the management f the plantatins.(是种植园的管理。)”说明了污染是种植园的管理的错，承接上文，符合语境，故选A。
【38题详解】
空前“These are nt natural frests.(这些不是天然林。)”说明了这些不是天然森林，空格处应该说这些是什么，D选项“They were meant fr cmmercial purpses.(它们是用于商业目的的。)”说明了这些是用于商业目的的，其中的They和前面的These相一致，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
【39题详解】
空前“Hwever, an increase in imprts f ther wds has affected prices f Japanese cedar and cypress and led t the decline in active plantatin management.(但是，其他木材进口的增加影响了日本雪松和柏树的价格，并导致积极的种植园管理减少。)”说明了其他木材进口的增加导致积极的种植园管理减少，空格处应该说这进一步又会导致什么结果，E选项“The result was vercrwded land with aging trees.(其结果是土地上长满了老树。)”说明了其他木材进口的增加导致种植园管理的减少之后所带来的结果是土地上长满老树，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选E。
【40题详解】
空前“The nitrgen is flwing frm the plantatins during rainfalls r snw melts int nearby bdies f water, causing algae blms.(降雨或积雪融化时，氮从种植园流入附近的水体，导致藻类大量繁殖。)”说明了氮从种植园流入附近的水体，空后“Just like in a natural frest, needles fall frm the aging trees and accumulate n the plantatin flr. This is part f Mther Nature’s way f recycling nutrients. Earthwrms and sil micrbes decmpse the needles and return the nutrients t the sil. Yunger grwth nearby finishes the prcess and takes up the nutrients.(就像在天然森林里一样，针叶从老树上掉下来，堆积在种植园的地上。这是大自然循环养分的一部分。蚯蚓和土壤微生物会分解这些针叶，并将营养物质送回土壤。附近较年轻的植物完成了这一过程，并吸收了营养。)”解释的是氮的由来，空格处应该提出问题，询问空前所提到的氮是怎么来的，C选项“Where des all this nitrgen cme frm?(这些氮从何而来？)”发出疑问，问这些氮是从哪里来的，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
【答案】41. D 42. B 43. A 44. C 45. D 46. C 47. C 48. A 49. A 50. C 51. D 52. B 53. A 54. B 55. A
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：类似的情况一直在发生。A. General普遍的；B. Strange奇怪的；C. Unusual不寻常的；D. Similar类似的。由下文“When yu get int a line at the supermarket,”和“When yu’re in a hurry t pen the dr”举的例子以及语境可知，这里指“类似的”情况一直在发生。故选D项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你在超市排队时，你发现你选择了最慢的一队，它就是不动。A. std站；B. chsen选择；C. crssed穿越；D. drawn画画。由上文“get int a line”以及语境可知，这里指你“选择”在最慢的一队排队。故选B项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你急着开门，在钥匙圈上试了几把钥匙时，最后一把通常是有效的。A. try尝试；B. turn转动；C. find发现；D. remve移除。由下文“several keys n the key ring”可知，这里指你已经“尝试”了几把钥匙。故选A项。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你急着开门，在钥匙圈上试了几把钥匙时，最后一把通常是有效的。A. fits适合；B. changes变化；C. wrks工作，奏效；D. suits适合。由上文“the last ne”可知，这里指尝试了所有钥匙才发现最后那一把“奏效”可打开门。故选C项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他解释说，相对于通常能解决的事情来说，人们往往更轻而易举地记住坏事，概率法则更多时候是违背而不是支持我们。A. thrw投掷；B. cllect收集；C. frget忘记；D. remember记得。由下文“the bad things mre readily”以及语境可知，这里指人们更容易“记住”坏事情。故选D项。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他解释说，相对于通常能解决的事情来说，人们往往更轻而易举地记住坏事，概率法则更多时候是违背而不是支持我们。A. advantage优势；B. agreement协议；C. favr赞成，支持；D. supprt支持。由上文“is mre against us”以及语境可知，这里指概率法则更多反映的是违背我们而不是“支持”我们。in ne's favr支持某人，为固定搭配，故选C项。
【47题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当Mathews 证明一片烤面包不一定是涂了黄油的一面掉在地板上时，他成为了一位受欢迎的科学家。A. regularly定期地；B. quickly快速地；C. necessarily必然地；D. directly直接地。由下文“half fell n the buttered side, and half didn’t”可知，这里指涂了黄油的一面不是“必然地”会掉在地面上。故选C项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据实验，一半情况是涂了黄油的一侧落地上，另一半情况是没有黄油的一侧落地上。A. experiment实验；B. agreement协议；C. fictin小说；D. predictin预测。由上文“Mathews became a ppular scientist”以及语境可知，Mathews是科学家，这里指他用“实验”证明面包的两面掉地上的概率是一样的。故选A项。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，Mathews 博士面临一个棘手的问题。A. tricky狡猾的，棘手的；B. ridiculus荒谬的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. cntemprary当代的。由下文“Will the cat land n all furs, will the tast land n the buttered side”可知，从理论上说，这是这是一个无解的问题，也算是一个“棘手”的问题。故选A项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：众所周知，猫总是四脚着地。A. thery理论；B. stry故事；C. fact事实；D. pinin意见。由下文“that cats always fall n their fur legs”以及语境可知，猫总是四脚着地，这是一个大家认为的“事实”。故选C项。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你把一块涂了黄油的吐司绑在猫的背上，然后从阳台上掉下来，会发生什么？A. legs腿；B. ears耳朵；C. stmach胃；D. back背。由上文“tie a piece f buttered tast n a cat’s”以及语境可知，这里指把一块涂了黄油的吐司绑在猫的“背”上然后做实验，看谁先着地。故选D项。
【52题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：猫会四肢着地，还是烤面包涂有黄油的一面着地？A. and和；B. r或者；C. s所以；D. but但是。由上文“Will the cat land n all furs”和下文“will the tast land n the buttered side”可知，这是二选一的情况，所以这里应用并列连词r表选择。故选B项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：只要记住，你不能把所有出错的事情都归咎于墨菲定律。A. blame责备，把……归咎于；B. thank感谢；C. design设计；D. spare抽出。由下文“everything that ges wrng”以及语境可知，这里指不要把所有出错的事情“归咎于”墨菲定律。故选A项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你的车在路上坏了，可能是因为你没有保养或修理过。A. cleaned清洁；B. serviced服务，保养；C. started开始；D. measured测量。由上文“If yur car breaks dwn n the way”可知，这里指车坏了可能是你没有“保养”好。故选B项。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你洗澡时热水用完了，可能是因为热水器需要修理。A. shwer淋浴；B. rest休息；C. dinner晚餐；D. swim游泳。由上文“the ht water runs ut ”以及语境可知，这里指在“淋浴”时突然没有了热水。故选A项。
【答案】56. a 57. using 58. pressed 59. easily 60. hw 61. was cvered 62. has strengthened 63. findings 64. attractive 65. t prtect
【56题详解】
考查冠词。句意：研究人员最近发现，中国长城的一部分被一种叫做生物外壳的东西保存了下来，这是一种薄薄的植物生命层。此处layer为泛指，且thin是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：长城最著名的部分是用石头建造的，但在一些地方，它是用夯土将土壤和压在一起的岩石建造的。此处use在句中作方式状语，表示 “使用……的方式建造”应用现在分词形式表主动。故填using。
【58题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：长城最著名的部分是用石头建造的，但在一些地方，它是用夯土将土壤和压在一起的岩石建造的。此处press与rcks构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填pressed。
【59题详解】
考查副词。句意：随着时间的推移，风雨很容易磨损夯土，所以科学家们经常质疑这些古老的长城是如何存活这么长时间的。修饰动词wear应用副词easily，故填easily。
【60题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：随着时间的推移，风雨很容易磨损夯土，所以科学家们经常质疑这些古老的长城是如何存活这么长时间的。引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，故用hw。故填hw。
【61题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：来自中国农业大学的一组研究人员检查了一段370英里长的长城，发现三分之二以上的长城被生物硬壳覆盖。主语mre than tw thirds f it与谓语构成被动关系，根据examined可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was cvered。
【62题详解】
考查时态。句意：这意味着生物外壳加固了墙，保护它免受多年来天气的磨损。根据后文可知为现在完成时，主语为the bicrust，助动词用has。故填has strengthened。
【63题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些发现对世界各地管理古建筑的人来说可能很重要。作主语应用名词finding，根据上文these可知为复数。故填findings。
【64题详解】
考查形容词。句意：尽管生物外壳看起来并不吸引人，但它保存东西的天然能力对于寻找保护珍贵古建筑方法的专家来说可能是一个非常有用的工具。作表语，应用形容词attractive。故填attractive。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管生物外壳看起来并不吸引人，但它保存东西的天然能力对于寻找保护珍贵古建筑方法的专家来说可能是一个非常有用的工具。名词way后跟不定式作后置定语。故填t prtect。
66.【参考范文】
Hi, Sarah. Thanks fr inviting me! Of curse I can cme t yur birthday party dwntwn this Saturday evening at 7 pm.
Regarding the dinner, I persnally prefer the Italian bistr. I’ve always lved Italian fd, but if we g t the Chinese restaurant, I’m sure it’ll be great t! And skiing n Sunday mrning sunds exciting! Yes, I wuld lve t jin yu all. It’s been a while since I last went skiing, s I’m lking frward t it.
By the way, Sarah, shuld I bring anything special fr the skiing trip?
Lking frward t celebrating with yu!
Best wishes,
Li Hua
67.【参考范文】
“Next rder, please,” Gary said as he placed a tray in frnt f him. When he lked up, he realised that he was face t face with nne ther than Jasn. “Gary? Is that yu?” Jasn asked. Gary’s face flushed, as red as a beetrt. He struggled t answer. Hw was he t explain t Jasn? Eventually, he managed a small smile and asked Jasn fr his rder again. Thankfully, Jasn placed his rder withut making a fuss. Seeing that the restaurant was busy, Jasn tld Gary that they culd talk during his break time. Gary ndded and said that it wuld be in an hur’s time. Jasn wuld wait.
During the break, Gary sat dwn with Jasn and he aplgised fr nt explaining the situatin earlier. He realised that he wuld n lnger be able t live a carefree life like mst f his peers and his main wrry befre cnfiding in Jasn was being teased. Jasn listened attentively withut saying a wrd. When Gary finished speaking, Jasn patted him n the shulder. “Yu shuldn’t have kept it frm me. I’m prud f yu. As yur friend, I understand yur situatin. It’s admirable that yu are willing t sacrifice yur free time after schl t help yur family,” Jasn remarked. Hearing this, Gary exhaled and felt a heavy lad slide ff his shulders.
Sarah’s email
Yur ntes
dwntwn, 7:00, Saturday evening, birthday party dwntwn?
Yes. I can.
dinner at an Italian bistr r a Chinese restaurant, the Glden Duck?
Say which I prefer, because…
jin us in the skiing in the muntains n Sunday mrning?
Yes, I’d like t.
any ther questins?
Ask Sarah…