2025届高考英语专题复习：七选五 解题技巧讲义

这是一份2025届高考英语专题复习：七选五 解题技巧讲义，共12页。
七选五解题技巧
解体步骤（“七看”做题法）
看标题（找文章中心主旨）有的话看标题；看标题；一定要看标题
看选项（分析选项特征，标记关键词汇，理清任务要求）
看小标题或者首段/各段首句（理清文章脉络）
看位置（看设空处位于段首/短尾/段中）
看联系（寻找空格前后在词汇，词汇以及意义上的联系）
看逻辑（思考空格前后的行文逻辑）
看对错（回填答案，重读文章，验证对错）
粗读：粗度文章，理清文章主旨和脉络
主旨（利用标题，首段和各段首句）
脉络（总——分 /总——分——总）
1.看标题（找文章中心主旨）看标题；看标题；一定要看标题
2.看选项（分析选项特征，标记关键词汇，理清任务要求）
3.看小标题或者首段/各段首句（理清文章脉络）
细读：查找线索，判断空前后联系和逻辑
4.看位置（看设空处位于段首/短尾/段中）
4.1 设空处在段首
4.1.1 段落主旨句——以小标题或者主旨句的形式出现
（理清段落大意；寻找关键词汇；观察句式特征）
（2023）新课标II
39 Seeking and accepting cnstructive feedback(反馈）is crucial t grwth. I pst my wrk n scial media and , in turn, have met sme f the kindest peple) They make me feel valued and respected, n matter my level f artistic ability.
A. Get ut f yur cmfrt zne.
D. Share yur wrk if yu feel cmfrtable ding s.
解析设空处位于段首，考虑段落主旨句。空后说寻求和接受建设性的反馈对成长至关量要。想要得到反馈，就要分享自己的作品。作者以自身为例，讲了自己上传作品后得到积极反馈的经历。pst my wrk 是share的方式之一。
答案D
4.1.2 段间过渡句——承上启下，连贯上下段的内容（重点阅读上一段结尾）
(2021新高考I)
Parisians are different frm yu and me. They never lk lazy r untidy. As smene nted in this paper a cuple f weeks ag, they cat great fd and never gain weight 38. The fd is s delicius that yu dn't need much f it t make yu happy. French strawberries d nt taste like cardbard. Instead, they explde in yur muth like little flavr bmbs.
39 On ur first mrning in Paris, I went arund the crner t the fd market t pick up sme grceries. I bught a handful f perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet meln. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cst $18)
E. That's nt the nly reasn the French eat less than we d.
F. Our aim was t see if we culd live, in sme way, like real Parisians.
解析设空处位于段首。
先分析段落大意：法国的水果很好吃但也很贵。乍一看好像没有选项能与之匹配。再考虑设空处可能起段间过渡作用，看上一段内容：巴黎人吃好的食物，所以不需要吃很多就会很开心。再浏览选项,E选项中的 nt the nly reasn 表示法国人吃得比我们少不止一个原因。代词That刚好可以指代上一段的相关内容，说明法国人吃得少的一个原因——不需要吃很多就会很开心，同时引出下文，说明另一个原因——物价昂贵。
答案E
4.2 设空处在段中
4.2.1 细节句——补充，解释上局
4.2.2 过渡句——承上启下，使上下句连贯
1.）阅读空前后句，标记关键词
2.）浏览选项，标记关键词
3.）利用词汇或逻辑线索进行比对
（2023新课标Ⅱ）
The jurney yu're n wn't fllw a straight path. 40 Push thrugh, give it time and put in the effrt. Yu will harvest the rewards f an artistic life.
A. Get ut f yur cmfrt zne.
B. Make career plans and set gals.
E. Yu'll hit radblcks, and yu'll feel discuraged at times.
解析设空处位于段中，应重点阅读前后句内容。前一句说你的绘画之路不会一帆风顺(wn't fllw a straight path)。浏览选项可以发现，B项中的hit radblcks承接前一句，说明你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到气馁。
答案E
4.3 设空处在段尾
4.3.1 总结句——总结本段或文章内容（理清段落大意，寻找总结性词语）
4.3.2 段间过渡句——承上启下，连贯上下段 (联系空前及空后文章)
（2023新课标II）
Paint ften and paint frm life. There's n better way t imprve than t put in thse brush miles. Whether yu paint still life as, prtraits, r landscapes, paint frm life as much as pssible .37
F. Evaluate yur perfrmance and, if needed, redefine yur rle.
G. Yu'll develp that painting muscle memry that nly cmes with repetitin.
解析设空处位于段尾。本段的主旨句是“Paint ften and paint frm life.（经常画画，从生活中取材）”。第二句内容是对主旨句的具体说明。浏览选项可以发现，G项中的 repetitin 与前面的 Paint ften put in thse brush miles 和 as much as pssible呼应，说明多画的结果——形成绘画肌肉记忆，G项起到总结上文的作用。
答案G
5.看联系（寻找空格前后在词汇，词汇以及意义上的联系）
5.1 代词联系 （人对人；物对物；单数对单数；复数对复数）
代词指代
使用代词主要是避免重复，多用于指代前面提到的人或物，有时也用于指代前面提到的概念。巧妙利用这样的指代关系可以有效地帮助我们做出正确的选择。
代词在设空处之后
（2023新课标I）
Taking respnsibility fr mistakes isa psitive step, but dn't beat yurself up abut them. T err(犯错) is human.36 Yu can use the fllwing writing exercise t help yu d this.
A. A little self-frgiveness als ges a lng way.
D. It's just as imprtant t shw yurself sme frgiveness.
F. Whatever it is, n matter hw small it might seem, write it dwn.
解析设空处位于段中，应重点阅读前后句内容。空前提到为错误承担责任是好的，但不要因为错误而过分自责，人都会犯错。后句提到使用下面的写作训练来做到这一点(d this)。代词 this提示设空处要提到某一种做法。D项（给自己一些宽恕同样重要）中的 shw yurself sme frgiveness与后句中的 d this呼应。
答案D
代词在选项中
（2021新高考Ⅱ）
If yu decide that yu need t read the whle bk, decide hw much yu can read at a time. 39 A histry bk which may cntain the facts in stry frm will be easier t read than ne dealing with scientific subjects. In the frmer case yu may be able t read a chapter. In the latter yu may nly be able t read ne page.
B. Spend a few minutes lking thrugh the bk.
C. This depends n the type f bk yu are reading.
解析设空处位于段中，应重点阅读前后句内容。前一句说如果你决定需要读整本书，那么就需要确定你一次能读多少。后一句具体说明读一本以故事形式来写的历史书比读一本科学主题的书要容易一些。浏览选项，可以发现,C项中的 the type f bk与后一句内容呼应，代词 This指代前一句中的hw much yu can read at a time。C项能够很好地将前后句内容连贯起来。
答案C
5.2 词汇复现线索
原词复现
同义词复现（website-nline... / abandn-desert-frsake-leave-give up...）
（2022新高考I）
Yu and yur partner will prbably have different skills. 40 Over time, bth f yu will benefit—yur partner will be able t lift mre weights and yur will becme mre physically fit. The cre f yur relatinship is that yu will always be there t help each ther. C. Yu'll wrk harder if yu train with smene else.
E. Hw can yu write a gd" seeking training partner" ntice?
F. Just accept yur differences and learn t wrk with each ther.
解析设空处前一句说你和你的健身伙伴可能有不同的技能，设空处后文说你们互相帮助，都会受益。F项中的differences对应前一句中的different skills, wrk with each ther 对应后文中的 be there t help each ther。F项承上启下，符合语境。
答案F
同畴词复现（fruit-apple/range...）
同根词复现（dust-dusty / wake-awake / calm-calmness-calmly...）
反义词复现 (after-befre / all-nne / answer-ask...)
6.看逻辑关系（思考空格前后的行文逻辑关系 ）
例证/解释关系(fr example / fr instance / in ther wrds / that is t say...)
并列/递进关系（and/als/first/secnd/next then/fr ne thing/fr anther thing/t begin with/t cnclude/further/similarly/mrever/in additin/what’s mre/nt als）
转折关系(but/yet/hwever/nevertheless/thugh/therwise/still/instead)
对比关系(in cntrast/n the ther hand/by cmparisn/unlike/cmpared t/cmpared with)
因果关系(s/as a )
(2022新高考II)
Writing an essay is a difficult prcess fr mst peple. Hwever, the prcess can be made easier if yu learn t practice three simple techniques.
36 When yu are first trying t think f ideas fr an essay, put yur pen t yur paper and write nnstp fr ten r fifteen minutes withut letting yur pen leave the paper. Stay lse and free. 37 Let yur pen fllw the waves f thught. Dn't wrry abut grammar r spelling. Even thugh this technique wn't wrk fr everyne, it helps many peple get a gd stre f ideas t draw n.
The next technique is t write yur draft rapidly withut wrrying abut being perfect. 38 Yet, by learning t live with imperfectin, yu will save yurself headaches and a wastepaper basket full f crumpled（弄皱）paper. Think f yur first draft as a path cut ut f the jungle—as part f an explratin, nt as a cmplete highway.
The third technique is t try printing ut a triple-spaced（三倍行距）cpy t allw space fr revisin. 39 As a result, these writers never get in the habit f crssing ut chunks（大块）f their draft and writing revisins in the blank space. After yu have revised yur draft until it is t messy t wrk frm anymre, yu can enter yur changes int yur wrd prcessr. 40 Then yu can print ut a fresh draft, again setting yur text n triple-space. The resulting blank space invites yu t revise.
A. Make sure yur handwriting is neat.
B. Let yur pen fllw the waves f thught.
C. The secnd draft f the essay shuld be better.
D. First f all, lean the technique f nnstp writing.
E. T many writers try t get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers dn't leave enugh space t revise.
G. Then yu can print ut a fresh draft, again setting yur text n triple-space.
36空位于段首。根据第一段尾句中的three simple techniques 和后两段中的The next technique、The third technique可知，本文主要讲述了写文章的三个简单技巧。本段和后两段分别介绍这三个技巧，为并列关系。D项中的 First f all与next和third并列。
38空位于段中，应重点阅读前后句内容。前一句说要快速完成草稿，不用担心要做到完全正确（perfect)。根据连词Yet可知，设空处与后句构成转折关系。后一句说要学着和瑕疵(imperfectin)共存。那么设空处说的可能和 perfect相关。浏览选项可以发现，E项中的right与perfect同义，都表示“正确”。
39空位于段中，应重点阅读前后句内容。前一句说要打印一份三倍行距的稿子，以留出修改的空间。后一句说这些作者从来没有养成划掉草稿中的大块内容并在空白处修改的习惯。根据As a result可知，设空处与后句构成因果关系。根据 these writers可知前文应有其指代的人。浏览选项可以发现，项(很多刚开始写文章的人不留出足够的修改空间)恰好是后一句的原因，且 Many beginning writer能够与these writers呼应。
答案 36. D 38. E 39. F
6.2 看句式一致解题
（2022新高考I）
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled "Five Reasns t Thank Yur Wrkut Partner." One reasn was: "Yu'll actually shw up if yu knw smene is waiting fr yu at the gym," while anther read:"36 " With a wrkut partner, yu will increase yur training effrt as there is a subtle(微妙) cmpetitin.
C. Yu'll wrk harder if yu train with smene else.
D. D yu want t be a better athlete in yur favrite sprt?
解析第一句说《健身杂志》近日刊登了一篇题为“感谢你的健身伙伴的五个理由”的文章。结合"One reasn anther read...”可知，设空处所填内容与“Yu'll actually shw up if yu knw smene is waiting fr yu at the gym”都是感谢健身伙伴的理由。浏览选项可以发现,C项“Yu'll wrk harder if yu train with smene else."可以作为感谢健身伙伴的理由，且与第一个理由句式一致。
答案C
看对错（回填答案，重读文章，验证对错）