专题19 情态动词-备战2025年中考英语语法专项突破与提升训练

这是一份专题19 情态动词-备战2025年中考英语语法专项突破与提升训练，共13页。试卷主要包含了含义，用法等内容，欢迎下载使用。

情态动词表示说话者的情感，态度和语气。本身有意义，但不能单独做谓语，要和动词原形一起构成句子的谓语。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。
常用的情态动词有：can（culd）， may（might）， must， have t， shall，shuld， will（wuld），need，used t，ught t，dare 等
二、用法
1.can & culd
（1）表示能力，译为“可以”，culd表示过去的能力 The bird can fly.
（2）表示请求和允许，译为“可以”（culd 更加委婉）
Can／Culd I g with yu？我可以和你一起走呢？（表示请求）
Yu can take it. 你可以拿走它。（表允许）
（3）表示猜测，常用于否定句中，译为“不可能”
He can't be at hme. 他不可能在家。
（4）can 用于疑问句或感叹句表示怀疑，不相信的态度。
Can this be true？这可能是真的么？
Hw can yu be s careless？你怎么能够这么不小心。
（5）句式转换
①一般疑问句，把can／culd移到句首。
回答是yes，／culd. N，'t／culdn't
【注意】：culd是表示能力的，则culd问culd答。若是请求的，肯定回答Yes, 或者Of curse／Sure／yes等来回答。否定则用srry，'t回答。
---Can／Culd the bird fly？这只鸟会飞么？（表能力）
---Yes,it can/culd. --- N,it can't/ culdn't.
---Culd yu pass me the paper？ 你可以递给我那张纸么？（表请求）
--- Yes, I can./ Sure/ Of curse./N prblem. -N, I cant./ Srry.
②否定句，把nt加到后面，可缩写成can't／culdn't
Yu can't take it. 你不能拿走它。
即时演练A
1．---I wnder（想知道）if（是否）these are Jim's glasses．
---They be his. He desn't wear glasses.
A culd B.must C.can't D.may
2. Dirty air and water are harmful. They kill plants, and even peple.
A.can B.can't C.shuld D.shuldn't
3．你可以传给我一只笔么？（翻译句子）

4．Culd yu turn ff the TV？（回答句子，肯否定回答）

5．Can she ride a bike nw？（回答句子，肯否定回答）

2．may＆might（过去式）
（1）表示请求和允许。
May／Might I g hme nw？我现在可以回家么？（表请求，might语气更委婉）
Yu may g hme.你可以回家。（表允许）
【注意】：may用于表示请求的问句中，只和第一人称I／we搭配
（2）表示猜测，译为“可能”（只用于肯定句）
He may be at hme.他可能在家。
（3）在祈使句中表示祝愿。May yu happy！
（4）句式转换
①一般疑问句，把may／might移到句首。
回答是---Yes，／can. ---N,'t/mustn't.
--- May I use play the pian？我可以弹钢琴么？
---Yes, yu may/can. ---N,yu can't/mustn't.
②否定句，把nt加到后面。
Yu may nt take it.你不能拿走它。
即时演练B
1.---Sandy, is Mr Li in the teachers' ffice nw?
---I am nt sure. He be there.
A.must B.can't C.mustn't D.may
2.The man be a dctr in this hspital, but I'm nt sure.
A.must B.wuld C.can D.might
3.---The summer vacatin is cming.Have yu made a plan fr it?.
---Nt yet. I g t Guilin.
A.may B.can C.shuld D.must
4. she listen t rck music?
A.May B.Can C.Might D.Must
3. must & have t
[must]
（1）表示必须，强调主观需要。
Yu must cme n time. 你必须准时来。
（2）表示猜测，用在肯定句中，语气最强，译为“一定，肯定”
He must be at hme. 他肯定在家。
（3）句式转换
①一般疑问句，把must移到句首
回答是 ---Yes, ---N, 't./dn't(desn't)have t.
---Must he cme n time？ 她必须准时来么？
---Yes,he must. ---N, he needn't./he desn't have t.
②否定句，把nt加到后面。可缩写为mustn't，译为“不准，不应该，禁止”
We mustn't crss the rad when the light is red.红灯时，我们不准过马路。
[have t]
（1）have t 表示“不得不，必须”强调客观需要，否定形式是 dn't／desn't have t
（2）有第三人称单数的变化，即has t；也有过去式的变化，had t
She has t cme back hme befre 9 p.m．她必须在9点前到家。
I had t get up early when I was a child. 当我还是个孩子的时，我必须要很早起床。
（3）句式转换
①一般疑问句，借助 d／des／did.
回答是---Yes，／des／did. ---N，'t／desn't／didn't.
---D yu have t get up early everyday？ 你必须每天很早起床么？
--- Yes, I d. --- N, I dn't.
--- Des she have t cme back befre 9 p.m.？ 她必须在9点前到家么？
--Yes, she des. ---N, she desn't.
②否定句，借助助动词 dn't／desn't／didn't，后跟have t。
I didn’t have t get up early when I was a child. 当我还是个孩子的时，我不用很早起床。
即时演练C
1. ---Lk! There are s many peple in the restaurant.
---Yes.The fd there be delicius.
A.shuldn't B.can't C.must D.need
2. ---Is that Mary ver there? ---It be her. She has gne t Kunming
A.may B.must C.can't D.mustn't
3.---Must I sweep the flr nw, Mm? ---N, yu .
A.mustn't B.can't C.needn't D.have t
4.We still have plenty f time.We hurry.
A.mustn't B.can't C.desn't have t D.dn't have t
4. shaIl & shuld
【shall】
（1）shall 用于第一，三人称的疑问句中，表示征求对方的意见，请求，译为“应该，会”。
When shall we g？我们该什么时候走呢？
Shall Marry cme in nw？现在可以让玛丽进来了么？
（2）shall 用于第二、三人称的陈述句，表示说话给对方警告，威胁，允诺
Yu shall fail the exam if yu dn't wrk harder.（警告）
如果你不努力点，你会考试不及格。
If yu behave well，yu shall get a present.（允诺）
如果你表现 好，你会得到一份礼物。
（3）句式转换
①一般疑问句，shall移到句首。回答是---Yes， ---N,'t.
---Shall Marry cme in nw？现在可以让玛丽进来了么？
---Yes,she shall. ---N,she shan't.
②否定句，shall后加nt，缩写形式是shan't。
Yu shall nt fail the exam if yu wrk harder.（警告）
如果你努力点，你不会考试不及格。
【shuld】
（1）shuld表示劝告、建议、责任和义务，译为“应该”。
Yu shuld d sme sprts every day. 你应该每天做点运动。（表示劝告／建议）
Students shuld fllw the rules. 学生应遵守规则。（义务）
（2）句式转换
①一般疑问句，shuld 移到句首
回答是---Yes， ---N,'t.
--- Shuld students fllw the rules. 学生应遵守规则么？
---Yes, they shuld. ---N, they shuldn't.
②否定句，shuld后加nt，缩写形式是shuldn't。
Yu shuldn't watch TV every day. 你不应该每天看电视。
即时演练D
1．We carry frward（发扬）the spirit（精神）f serving the peple whle-heartedly(全心全意为人民服务)．
A.might B.shuld C.culd D.may
2.Peple talk n a mbile phne while they are driving.
A. shuldn't B.needn't C.must D.can
5.will & wuld
（1）表示请求、建议时，一般用于第二人称的问句中，wuld比will 更委婉
Will／Wuld yu shw me the pht？你可以给我看一下这个照片么？
（2）表示意愿、决心
I will help yu if yur are in truble.如果你遇上麻烦了，我会帮你的。
（3）表示规律性的“注定会”
Men will die withut air. 没有空气，人就会死。
（4）表示习惯性，特性，常译为“总是”，will用于现在，wuld用于过去
We may nt see each ther ften but we will always be best friends.
我们可能不常见面，但我们一直是好朋友。
When he was yung,he wuld ften swim in the river.
年轻时，他经常在这条河里游泳。
（5）句式转换
①一般疑问句，will／wuld移到句首。回答是---Yes，／wuld. ---N,'t/wuldn't.
Will men die withut air？ 没有空气，人就会死么？
---Yes, they will. ---N,they wn't.
【注意】Will／Wuld yu...是表示请求的意思。肯定回答用yes，I'd lve t.／Yes，please.／Sure／Of curse等。否定回答用 Srry，I can't.／N，thanks等。
---Wuld yu drive me hme？你可以载我回家么？
--Sure. -- Srry, I can't.
②否定句，will／wuld后加nt，缩写形式是wn't／wuldn't。
We wn't always be best friends. 我们不会总是朋友。
即时演练E
1. The ice melt in summer.
A.wuld B.will C.may D.shuld
2. --These bks are t heavy.
--I give yu a hand.
A.may B.have t C.culd D.will
6.used t
（1）used t意为“过去常常，过去是”，后跟动词原形。表示过去存在的某种状态或过去某种经常性、习惯性的行为。
I used t listen t pp music.我过去常听流行音乐。
（2）句式转换
①一般疑问句，used移到句首，Used sb t...？或者借助did，Did sb use t...？
回答是---Yes， ---N，'t.或者 ---Yes, ---N，'t.
---Used he t grw up in the cuntryside？他过去是在农村长大么？
---Yes,he used. ---N, he usedn't.
---Did he use t grw up in the cuntryside? ---Yes,he did. ---N，he didn't.
②否定句，used后加nt，缩写形式是usedn't，或didn't use t，译为“过去不...”
He didn't used t／usedn't t tell lies. 他过去不说谎。
【注意】与used t 相似的短语
即时演练 F
1.He used t with his parents,but nw he is used t with her at friends.
A.live;living B.live;live C.living;living D.living;live
2.There a lt f bears in this area.
A.used t be B.was used t be C.was used t being D.used t being
3.She used t in a small village, but nw she has been used t_ in the big city.
A.living;live B.live;live C.living;living D.live;living
4.---My grandma is used t in the cuntryside. --- Oh. S is my grandma
A.live B.lives C.living D.lived
7.had better
（1）had better 主要用来表示劝告或建议，后跟动词原形，可缩写为'd better。
（2）had better是一种“命令”口气，含有“我说了，你得听”的意味，故下级对上级，晚辈对长辈不适宜用此结构。
Yu'd better take an umbrella with yu. 你最好带把伞。
（3）其否定形式为 had better nt
Yu'd better nt play jkes n him. 你最好不要开他玩笑。
8.need
（1）need译为需要。
Yu need sell mre tickets.你需要卖更多的票。
（2）句式转换
①一般疑问句，need移到句首。回答是---Yes， ---N,'t.
---Need she wait fr us？ 她需要等我们么？ ---Yes, she must. ---N, she needn't.
②否定句，need后加nt，缩写形式是needn't
She needn't wait fr us. 她不需要等我们。
9.dare
（1）dare译为“敢”，多用于疑问句，否定句。
Yu will be punished if yu dare break the rules. 如果你敢违反规定，你就会受到处罚。
（2）句式转换
①一般疑问句，dare移到句首。回答是---Yes， ---N,'t
---Dare he tell lies？ 他敢说谎么？
---Yes,he dare. ---N, he daren't.
②否定句，dare后加nt，缩写形式是daren't
She daren't be late fr schl.她不敢迟到。
10.ught t & wuld rather
（1）ught t 表示“应该”，否定形式是ught nt t 不应该
Yu ught t lk up the dictinary.你应该查字典。
Yu ught nt t fight with her.你不应该和她打架。
（2）wuld rather表示“宁愿”，可缩写成'd rather。否定形式 wuld rather nt “宁不...”。固定句型：wuld rather d A than d B 宁可做A，也不愿做B。
I wuld rather return hme nw. 我宁愿现在回家。
I wuld rather listen t music than watch TV. 我宁愿听音乐，也不看电视。
综合练习：
一、单项选择
1. yu mend my car? I nt start it.
A.Wuld;wuld B.Must;must C.Can;can D.May;may
2.---Where's Mr. Huang? I have smething interesting t tell him.
---Yu find him. He Lndn.
A.may nt; has gne t B.may nt; has been t C. can't; has gne t D. can't; has been t
3. yu pass me a pen?
A.Need B.Culd C.Must D.Shuld
4.I have my wn rm in my huse, s I d what I want in it.
A.must B.have t C.need D.can
5.The by answer this hard questin ne year ag.
A.can B.may C.culd D.must
6.---Must I g t the law university. ---N, yu .
A.wuldn't B.needn't C.had better nt D.might nt
7.---Can yu g shpping with us this afternn?
---Srry, I can't. I take care f my little sister at hme because my mther is ill.
A.can B.may C.wuld D.have t
8.---Is Mr. Huang in the reading rm?
---N, he be there. He has gne t Lndn.
A.mustn't B.needn't C.wn't D.can't
9.---Susan lks upset. What's up?
---Oh, yu are t blame.Yu play a jke n her in frnt f s many peple.
A.shuld B.shuldn't C.needn't D.mustn't
10.---Culd I lk at yur pictures? ---Yes, f curse yu .
A.culd B.can C.will D.might
11.---May I g t the cinema, Mum?
---Certainly.But yu be back by 11 'clck.
A.can B.may C.must D.need
12. she ride when she was three years ld?
A.Can B.Culd C.Need D.May
13. I wrry abut the final test. I always get well prepared befre it cmes.
A.can't B.mustn't C.daren't D.needn't
14.Cars,buses and bikes stp when traffic lights change t red.
A.can B.may C.must D.need
15.When I was yung, I was tld I play with fire.
A.needn't B.mustn't C.wn't D.daren't
16.The new law states that peple drive after drinking alchl.
A wuldn't B needn't C wn't D mustn't
17. Susan's parents have bught a large huse.It be very expensive.
A.must B.can C.mustn't D.can't
18.This bk Lucy's. Lk! Her name is n the bk cver.
A.must be B.may be C.can't be D.mustn't be
19.--- I have yur name,please?
A.Must B.Will C.May D.Need
20.---May I g t the cinema, dad?
---N, yu . Yu must finish yur hmewrk first.
A.mustn't B.wn't C.dn't D.needn't
21.--- I can't get thrugh mum anyhw.
---The line is busy Smene the telephne.
A.can use B.can have used C.must have used D.must be using
22.Lk ut! The knife is very sharp.Yu cut yur finger.
A.need B.must C.shuld D.may
23.---Why we clse that chemical factry?
---Because it has caused lts f pllutin. We need better envirnment.
A.must B.can C.may D.shuld
24.---China is ging t use AI t prtect the Great Wall.
---Grat! AI is s helpful that peple use it in their daily life nw.
A.must B.can C.shall D.have t
25.Put n mre clthes.Yu be feeling cld with nly a shirt n.
A.can B.culd C.must D.wuld
二、转换句型
1．May I g with them tmrrw？（作否定回答）

2．Culd yu lend me yur dictinary？（作否定回答）

3．He culd play chess when he was 5．（改成一般疑问句并作否定回答）

4．Need I finish my hmewrk tnight？（作肯定回答）

5．--- I g hme nw？我现在可以回家了吗？ ---N, yu 不，你不可以。
6. Yu'd better TV every day. 你最好不要每天看电视。
答案
即时演练A
1-2 CA 3.Can/Culd yu pass a pen? 4．肯定回答：Sure．否定回答：Srry，I can't．
5.Yes,she can./ N,she can't
即时演练B 1-4 DDAB
即时演练C 1-4 CCCD
即时演练D 1-2 BA
即时演练E 1-2 BD
即时演练F 1-4 AADC
综合练习
一、单项选择
1-5 CCBDC 6-10 BDDBB 11-15 CBDCD/B 16-20 DAACA 21-25 DDABD
二、句型转换
1. N，yu can't．
2. Srry，I am afraid nt．
3. Culd he play chess when he was 5? N, he culdn't.
4. Yes,yu need.
5. May;can't
6. nt watch
短语
意思
例句
be/get used t ding
习惯做某事，后跟动词ing 形式
I am used t asking my mum fr help. 我习惯向我妈妈求助。
物体 be used t d
某物被用于做某事
The cmputer is used t cntrl all the machine. 这个电脑是用来控制所有机器。