江苏省2024-2025学年高三上学期期初迎考英语试题

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江苏省2024—2025学年高三上学期期初迎考卷
英 语
注意事项:
1.本试卷共150分,考试用时120分钟。
2.答题前,考生务必将班级、姓名、学号写在密封线内。
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话,每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
( )1. What are the speakers prbably talking abut?
A. The bike price.B. A bike race.C. The man’s bike.
( )2. Why has the wman mved the by’s seat?
A. He talks t much.
B. He has truble in listening.
C. She wants t see him better.
( )3. When did the man get his niece’s call?
A. At 6:05.B. At 6:00.C. At 5:45.
( )4. What des the man think is mst needed t succeed?
A. Effrt.B. Luck.C. Talent.
( )5. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. At hme.B. In a shp.C. In a restaurant.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
( )6. What is the man ging t d this summer?
A. Wrk at a htel.B. Repair his huse.C. Teach a curse.
( )7. Hw will the man use the mney?
A. T hire a gardener.B. T buy sme flwers.C. T buy bks.
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
( )8. What is the wman recmmending t the man?
A. A bk.B. A club.C. A curse.
( )9. What is the wman reading nw?
A. The Beautiful Mind.B. The Kite Runner.C. The Great Gatsby.
( )10. Hw much time des the man have t read the bk?
A. Abut tw weeks.B. Abut three weeks.C. Abut ne mnth.
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
( )11. Hw did the man learn abut the apartment?
A. In the newspaper.B. Frm his friend.C. Thrugh the Internet.
( )12. What is cvered in the rent?
A. Gas.B. Electricity.C. Water.
( )13. When can the man mve in?
A. On Thursday.B. On Friday.C. On Saturday.
听第9段材料,回答第14至16题。
( )14. Why did the wman fail t catch the bus?
A. She was late.
B. The bus left earlier than usual.
C. She wanted t walk hme.
( )15. What is the man wrried abut?
A. The wman’s safety.
B. The public transprtatin.
C. The dangerus neighburhd.
( )16. What des the wman decide t d in the end?
A. Buy a car.
B. Call the lcal fficials.
C. Cmplain t the newspaper.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
( )17. What is the speaker mainly talking abut?
A. Cling fans.B. Air cnditining.C. Rm design.
( )18. Which cuntry might have invented the first cling device?
A. Egypt.B. Rme.C. China.
( )19. Which cling methd has the lngest histry?
A. Wet plants.B. Cld water.C. Hand fans.
( )20. What is the speaker ding?
A. Hsting a radi prgramme.B. Giving a lessn.C. Cnducting an interview.
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Hw t Give a Presentatin
Giving a presentatin is never easy. There is a lt t prepare. And during the actual presentatin, yu need t cme acrss as relaxed, calm and cnfident. And yur bdy language needs t shw this. Here are a few tips n what t d with yur bdy during a presentatin.
Psitin
Make sure yu are always facing the audience. And try t avid turning yur back, r lking dwn t much if yu are referring t any ntes.
Hands
Avid fiddling with anything such as yur hair, earrings r pens. And try t keep yur arms by yur side. It may feel uncmfrtable, but yu’ll lk relaxed and cnfident. Als, avid crssing yur arms, biting yur nails r putting yur hands behind yur back r in yur pckets.
Gesture
Use gestures t help the audience understand what yu are saying. Yu can use yur hands t emphasize pints in yur speech.
Psture
Keep yur feet apart and stand upright and cnfidently. Keep yur shulders back and yur head up. Remember, lk cnfident!
Appearance
Smile, speak clearly and make sure yu are dressed apprpriately fr the ccasin: either a frmal suit fr a business scenari, r smething mre casual fr a mre relaxed envirnment.
Eye cntact
Maintain eye cntact with the audience at all times. And try t cnnect with varius sectins f the hall r the rm. Chse smene t lk at in ne area and stay with them fr a sentence r tw. Then, mve t anther sectin and chse smene else. D this frequently and mve between all areas f the hall r the rm: frnt left, frnt right, back left, back right, the middle, etc.
( )21. During an actual presentatin, what shuld yu d with yur bdy?
A. Lking dwn at the ntes frequently.
B. Standing upright with yur arms crssed.
C. Putting the hands behind yur back.
D. Getting dressed based n the ccasin.
( )22. Hw can yu make effective eye cntact with the audience?
A. By nt taking yur eyes ff a chsen persn.
B. By fcusing n a chsen persn fr a shrt time.
C. By staring int smene’s eyes at all times.
D. By keeping mving arund in the hall.
( )23. Where is the passage prbably taken frm?
A. A wrk f literature.B. A textbk.C. A pster.D. A research reprt.
B
Launching a dust clud frm the mn t reduce the amunt f sunlight reaching Earth culd help cl the planet—althugh such a strategy wuld require a lt f research and the risks t agriculture, ecsystems and water quality are unclear.
Previus research lked int the idea f placing mre than 100 millin tns f dust between Earth and the sun t partially blck light frm reaching ur planet as a way t cmbat climate change. The particles wuld absrb light energy r scatter light away frm Earth. T achieve this, the dust wuld need t sit 1.5 millin kilmetres frm Earth at the first Lagrange pint, r L1, where the gravitatinal pull f the sun and ur planet cancel ut.
Nw, after running thusands f cmputer simulatins, Benjamin Brmley at the University f Utah and his clleagues have fund that cntinuusly launching a stream f lunar dust frm the mn’s nrth ple twards L1 at 2.8 kilmetres per secnd may be a better apprach. Cnsidering factrs like the gravitatinal pull f the sun and the planets and the effect f the slar wind, the simulatins fund that maintaining a dust shield with a mass f 1 millin tns near L1 fr a year culd dim sunlight acrss Earth by 1.8 percent.
“If this methd wrks, it wuld certainly be effective at reducing glbal temperature, but it’s hard t say whether it wuld be wrth it relative t the effrt and resurces used,” says Kravitz.
Hwever, shading Earth will have unequal effects in different regins, says Kravitz.“Temperature, winds and many ther things will change as a result f this strategy,” he says. “Thse changes will translate int effects n agriculture, ecsystems and water quality.” Large-scale engineering studies wuld be needed t assess this, says Curtis Struck at Iwa State University, and ther pssible effects wuld als need t be examined. “Wuld there be enhanced micrmeterite(微陨星) falls t Earth and damage t Earth-rbiting satellites?” says Struck.
Regardless, such an apprach shuldn’t replace ur effrts t decrease carbn emissins, says Brmley. “We have t keep reducing the greenhuse gases within ur wn atmsphere, n matter what.”
( )24. Why shuld the dust clud be at the first Lagrange pint?
A. Current technlgy can nly send it that far.
B. It can blck sunlight frm reaching ur planet.
C. It is unaffected by the gravitatinal pull there.
D. Its particles can take in mre light energy.
( )25. What is Paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A. The difficulties Brmley encuntered.B. The findings f the simulatins.
C. The significance f the slutin.D. A prmising methd frm Brmley.
( )26. What?s Kravitz’s attitude tward the dust clud slutin?
A. Favurable.B. Objective.C. Indifferent.C. Negative.
( )27. What des the last paragraph imply?
A. The dust shield slutin can’t cpe with climate change nce and fr all.
B. Decreasing carbn emissins is what we have accmplished in the past.
C. The dust clud has the great ptential t fight against greenhuse gases.
D. We can delay ur effrts t reduce carbn emissins fr the present.
C
Hair that is tightly ciled(盘绕) ffers the best prtectin against the sun’s ptentially damaging rays, which culd explain why this trait evlved in early humans in Africa and straighter hair emerged as sme humans mved int cler areas.
It has lng been suggested that the reasn ur bdy hair became s fine that it is smetimes barely visible, while ur scalp hair remained thick, is t prevent ur heads frm verheating in the sun. In ur bipedal(双足行走的) ancestrs, the beneficial shading effect f head hair may have utweighed its insulating effect.
Tina Lasisi at Penn State University wndered if the type f hair n a persn’s head als makes a difference. T learn mre, Lasisi and her clleagues put three different wigs(假发) n a thermal manikin—a mdel f the human bdy with heaters and sensrs that is used t measure the thermal effects f clthes. One f the three wigs was straight, ne had mderate curls(卷) and ne had tight curls. Lasisi says the tightly ciled wig was within the range f curl fund in peple f recent African ancestry.
The team fund that the hair’s type made a big difference t hw much heat the head f the manikin gained frm simulated sunshine at 30℃. The head with a straight wig gained less than half as much heat as a cntrl head with n wig. The head wearing the mderately curled wig gained arund a quarter as much heat and the head with the tightly curled wig gained less than a tenth as much as the n-wig cntrl.
The researchers think that the curls reduce hw much heat reaches the skin by increasing the gap between it and the hair surface. Making straight hair lnger desn’t achieve this because it lies flat, says Lasisi.
The team als fund when wetting the manikins t simulate sweat, the head with n wig lst twice as much heat via evapratin as thse with the wigs. Hwever, having any head hair mre than halves the amunt f sweat required t prevent the head frm gaining heat, with tightly ciled hair reducing this mre than mderately curled r straight hair, the result shws.
“Any mechanism that culd help cl the bdy, and at the same time save precius water, wuld definitely have been acted n strngly by natural selectin,” says Jseph Graves at Nrth Carlina Agricultural & Technical State University. The study?s findings are imprtant because they culd help change sme peple’s prejudiced views, says Graves.
( )28. What des the underlined wrd “trait” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. Curl.B. Feature.C. Situatin.D. Essence.
( )29. What will Tina Lasisi prbably agree with?
A. The three wigs were made f hair frm different races.
B. The head with n wig gained the least amunt f heat frm the sun.
C. Wearing lng straight hair culd reduce the heat reaching the skin.
D. The head withut a wig had the best cling effect f sweating.
( )30. Fr what purpse was the research carried ut?
A. T gain insight int early humans.B. T prve all races are brn equal.
C. T clarify a questin.D. T learn abut the use f wigs.
( )31. What might be the best title f the passage?
A. Curly Hair Prtects Us frm the Sun B. Curly Hair Evlves int Straight Hair
C. Natural Selectin Is What Really CuntsD. A Study Changes Prejudiced Views
D
In an interview with Xinhua, Wang Yanan sunded n different than any ther energetic freshman in cllege. But what’s n the surface desn’t always tell the whle stry. In a calm tne, she spke abut her experience with depressin. She had the strange idea that she had nthing t d with the rest f the wrld. She said, “It’s nt because f my grades. I just felt my life was meaningless.”
Wang’s struggle with mental health is nt rare amng peple her age. A reprt by the Chinese Yuth & Children Research Centre shwed that abut 30 millin peple under the age f 17 in China are dealing with emtinal r behaviural disrders. But why are teenagers mre prne t these mental upheavals(剧变)?
Accrding t Zhu Yngxin, deputy secretary-general f the 13th Natinal Cmmittee f the Chinese Peple’s Plitical Cnsultative Cnference, academic pressure is ne f the main factrs.
After entering senir high, Wang felt very tired. She ften went t bed at 3 r 4 a.m., nly t rise at 5. Lack f sleep and the inability t cncentrate left Wang feeling verwhelmed.
T many examinatins, struggling with cmpetitive rankings and pressure frm parents are ther factrs that lead t students’ psychlgical prblems, Zhu said.
“My parents always tell me my classmates are cmpetitrs, s I view them as my enemies and feel upset whenever I see them,” Xia Min, a 14-year-ld, tld Xinhua.
In adlescence, when the ability t cpe with setbacks has yet t fully develp, yung peple are far mre susceptible t mental health issues, accrding t Liu Huaqing, a physician with Beijing Huilngguan Hspital.
Unfrtunately, the symptms are ften ignred, met far t ften with respnses such as, “Why can thers deal with setbacks and yu can’t?” r “Yu’re just making smething ut f nthing.”
Mental health is an imprtant factr when cnsidering the well-being f the cuntry’s yuth. And this is why the issue is being addressed. Measures such as easing wrklads, aviding public psting f test results and urging schls t stress imprtance f adequate sleep have previusly been taken. But in additin t these effrts, a new actin plan has been put int place. The plan calls fr all schls in China t ffer psychlgical services n campus.
Aside frm the authrities’ effrts, families and teenagers need t be practive(积极主动的), nted psychlgical cnsultants, Yang Guilin. “Parents shuld try t be supprtive, warm and pen with their kids,” Yang added. “Teenagers shuld engage in aerbic exercise, such as playing badmintn, t release negative emtins.”
( )32. What led t Wang Yanan’s suffering frm depressin?
A. Her parents’ expecting t much f her.B. Her cnstant pr academic perfrmance.
C. Her lying sleepless at night frequently.D. Her tiring and heavy academic burden.
( )33. Hw des Xia Min react t the cmpetitin between classmates?
A. Negatively.B. Psitively.C. Indifferently.D. Dubtfully.
( )34. When faced with setbacks, why are middle schl students mre likely t be affected?
A. Because they are underging t much pressure.
B. Because they are afraid f fierce cmpetitin.
C. Because they are nt mentally mature.
D. Because they are lacking in peer supprt.
( )35. Which f the fllwing describes a new phenmenn in schls acrss China?
A. The students will n lnger be trubled by the practice f psting test results publicly.
B. The students will have mre time t relax themselves and enjys better health.
C. The students may learn t cpe with psychlgical prblems under prfessinal guidance.
D. The students can develp sme hbbies t rid themselves f negative feelings.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Fur tips n increasing yur cnfidence
Avid addictin t scial media. 36 If yu stay cnnected t yur phne and dive int scial media all the time, yur energy is ging t be wasted. Addictin t scial media is a big n-n when it cmes t building yur cnfidence. It?s all t easy t cmpare and feel hpeless when yu see thse nline phts. It’s t much!
Knw yur triggers(触发因素). There are things yu prbably knw abut yurself that send yu dwn the path f negativity. 37 Whatever the trigger is, yu can make clever chices t ensure yu feel yur best. This is amazing fr reducing anxiety and building yur cnfidence.
38 Yu knw the ne I’m talking abut: the ne that’s always telling yu, “Yu’re nt gd enugh,” “That didn’t wrk,” r “Why did yu say this?” It’s part f life t have dubts, but if that critical vice is t lud, yu wn’t hear all the gd stuff yu’re ding. S, when yu hear that vice f criticism, switch it ff and fcus n smething yu’re grateful fr r smething psitive yu did. 39
Tackle small gals first. Tiny gals can lead t huge results. If yu have a majr achievement in mind, break it dwn int the smallest gal pssible. 40 Fr example, let’s say yu want t lse 20 punds. I want yu t lse ne pund and d ne activity that yu can cmmit t, like a 7-minute wrkut. This will build new, psitive habits that will eventually make yu achieve much.
A. Keep away frm yur inner critic.
B. Surrund yurself with hnest peple.
C. If yu’re aware f thse things, yu can avid them.
D. Stp putting things ff until yu feel mre cnfident.
E. That way, yu can actually accmplish it and feel amazed.
F. Or literally lk in the mirrr and say, “Hey, I?m ding awesmely.”
G. T build yur cnfidence, remember that real magic happens in real life.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was a child, I lked frward t the arrival f lunar New Year. Fr us children New Year’s Day 41 the delicius fd as well as a lt f fun, which was 42 fascinating. As sn as the festival was ver, anther ne was my dream and I 43 time flew as fast as pssible.
Days spent in 44 cme and g really very fast. Very sn I finished primary schl, went t junir and senir middle schl, and 45 t cllege, with great desire fr varied things: fr graduatin with 46 , fr an ideal jb, fr a successful career, fr mre earnings t share my parents’ 47 ... 48 the upward steps f hpe I had becme a fully grwn man befre I was aware f it, a busy breadwinner with a family n my hands.
Despite the challenges I am smetimes 49 with, I have always smething t lk frward t. It may be the arrival f a letter, the 50 f an article, a get-tgether r a pleasant trip... Such expectatins 51 a persn’s faith in life t a certain degree.
A day withut hpe wuld be pale. There must be smething t lk frward t each day t 52 ne’s life and keep it ut f shadws. T a persn 53 hpes every mrning rises a new sun. Even if it is a 54 , s lng as it shws a ray f hpe it still urges yu t pursue that little sparkle withut let-up(停止).
A small hpe 55 a persn fr a day, a great ne fr a lifetime. Human beings cannt d withut smething t lk frward t and hpe fr.
( )41. A. blessedB. meant C. deliveredD. predicted
( )42. A. reallyB. merely C. hardlyD. mstly
( )43. A. urgedB. demanded C. wishedD. ensured
( )44. A. peaceB. schl C. vainD. expectatin
( )45. A. hpefullyB. finally C. graduallyD. successfully
( )46. A. pprtunitiesB. ambitins C. hnursD. ffers
( )47. A. srrwB. anxiety C. burdenD. labur
( )48. A. CnqueringB. Reaching C. UndergingD. Climbing
( )49. A. linkedB. faced C. equippedD. satisfied
( )50. A. publicatinB. mtivatin C. cntentD. remark
( )51. A. belng tB. stick t C. turn tD. add t
( )52. A. brightenB. quicken C. pursueD. applaud
( )53. A. recallingB. valuing C. evaluatingD. granting
( )54. A. fantasyB. success C. prmiseD. chance
( )55. A. praisesB. cures C. supprtsD. relieves
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese cuisine is ne f the ldest and mst diverse culinary systems in the wrld. Chinese fd culture is deeply influenced by 56 (philsphy) thughts such as Cnfucianism and Taism, advcating “harmny” and “balance”, 57 is reflected in the cmbinatin f fd, such as the harmny f the five flavurs f sweet, sur, bitter, spicy, and salty, 58 the balance f the cld and ht prperties, aiming t achieve the purpse f health preservatin. At the same time, diet is als an imprtant 59 (media) f scializing. Table manners and banquet culture reflect respect and enthusiasm fr guests.
Traditinal Chinese festivals are ften 60 (clse) linked t specific fds, such as dumplings during the Spring Festival, zngzi during the Dragn Bat Festival, and mncakes during the Mid-Autumn Festival. These fds are nt nly symbls f festivals but als carry prfund cultural meanings f reunin and blessing. On these special days, family members gather 61 (share) delicius fd, enhancing family ties and friendships, 62 (reflect) the imprtance the Chinese natin attaches t family harmny.
In additin t the exquisite banquet dishes, the snacks and street fd all ver China are als 63 (frget). Frm Beijing’s ndles with sybean paste t Sichuan’s spicy ht pt, frm Guangdng’s mrning tea 64 Xi’an’s rugam, these snacks are nt nly the enjyment f taste but als 65 direct experience f the lcal custms and practices, shwing anther side f Chinese fd culture—vivid, dwn-t-earth, and full f the flavur f life.
56. 57. 58. 59. 60.
61. 62. 63. 64. 65.
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
你校英语报正在举办以My Favurite Persn in Ancient China为题的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿,内容包括: 1. 介绍一位你最喜欢的中国古人; 2. 阐述你喜欢他/她的原因。注意:写作词数为80词左右。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150个左右。
The mrning f March 6, 2017 was dim and cld. I listened t the radi n my drive. Suddenly, an SUV bumped int my car.
By the end f the day, I learned my neck had brken in fur places. Over the next few days in the hspital, I began t get a clearer picture f what had happened. A lcal high schl student, rushing t class, had crssed the centre line and hit me head-n. I als heard he was very, very upset by what had happened. I felt bad that he had such a burden t bear at such a yung age. I spent a lt f time just thinking abut the teenage by. I wndered hw he was ding, bth physically and emtinally.
Furteen mnths after the accident, I was grcery shpping when a wman apprached me and asked if I was Suzanne. She intrduced herself, and I realized it was the yung man’s mther. I appreciated learning hw he was ding. He had als been injured, breaking his wrist, and had needed cunselling t help with the emtinal trauma(创伤) f causing the accident. He was nw in cllege and had anxiety driving t class. I culd certainly empathize(共鸣) with the difficulty f getting back behind the wheel f a car.
Secretly, I wished I culd talk t him, hping he had mved n with his life and wasn’t distressed any lnger. Seven mnths later, it was time fr ur daughter’s Christmas band cncert at the high schl. At the end f the cncert, the chir directr invited alumni(校友) f the high schl chir wh were in attendance t cme up n stage and sing ne last sng with the current members. One yung man in a white hdie and ball cap ran up and std n the stage. Suddenly, I realized that it was him, the driver.
The cncert ended. I squeezed my way thrugh the crwd and up the stage stairs until I was next t him. He was smiling, happy, and jking arund with his friends.
“Hi, I’m Suzanne,” I said.
Paragraph 1:
He was cmpletely shcked and knew wh I was.
Paragraph 2:
We bth were relieved and I patted his shulder, turned, and ran dwn the stairs.