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北京市第一六六中学2023-2024学年高一下学期3月月考英语试题（Word版附解析）
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高一英语
(考试时长：90分钟)
考查目标
知识：必修二 Unit 2 – Unit5 词汇、语法
能力：阅读能力、写作能力
第一部分：知识运用(共一节，15 分)
完型填空(共 10 题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
As a nature phtgrapher, I have t brave the elements (自然力). But despite the wind and the rain, I still enjy ____1____ utside in the wild. One f the best things abut this jb is that yu can ____2____ animals in their natural envirnment.
Last spring in Yellwstne, I fllwed a path that tk me thrugh a dark frest. When I finally stepped ut f the trees, the____3____ was breathtaking. An eagle (鹰) flew ver the snw-cvered muntains, which were reflected (倒影) in the lake belw. While I was ____4____ phtgraphing this amazing scene, I suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched. Slwly, and with the camera still held t my ____5____ I turned…and frze. Only metres away frm me was a bear lking at me. Time std ____6____ as the bear and I bth waited t see wh wuld mve first. My legs started shaking. Smehw, I ____7____ my finger t press the buttn. A secnd later, the bear turned and ran back int the frest. When I recvered frm the ____8____, I lked at my camera. My mst frightening but ____9____ experience was nw recrded frever in a single image.
Frm time t time I lk at the pht as a(n) ____10____ t shw respect t all animals. It is after all we wh are the visitrs t their wrld.
1. A. walkingB. hikingC. wrkingD. camping
2. A. keepB. prtectC. feedD. bserve
3. A. frestB. viewC. eagleD. picture
4. A. adapting tB. cntributing tC. fcusing nD. ging n
5. A. eyeB. earC. headD. shulder
6. A. calmB. peacefulC. silentD. still
7. A. raisedB. stuckC. frcedD. held
8. A. shckB. tirednessC. excitementD. failure
9. A. pleasantB. magicalC. wrryingD. imaginable
10. A. hnurB. presentC. symblD. reminder
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者在一次野外摄相时遇到了一头熊，但是熊被作者拍摄照片的小举动意外地吓跑了。让作者意识到人类应该尊重所有的动物。地球是它们的家。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是尽管风吹雨打，我仍然喜欢在野外工作。A. walking走；B. hiking远足；C. wrking工作；D. camping野营。根据下文“One f the best things abut this jb is that yu can ____2____ animals in their natural envirnment.”可知，作者的工作是在野外观察动物。故选C。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这份工作最好之处就是你可以在自然环境中观察动物。A. keep保持；B. prtect保护；C. feed喂；D. bserve观察。根据下文“phtgraphing this amazing scene”可知，作者的工作是自然摄影师，故是在自然环境中观察动物，拍摄照片。故选D。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我最终走出了树林时，眼前的风景令人激动。A. frest森林；B. view风景；C. eagle鹰；D. picture图片。根据下文“An eagle (鹰) flew ver the snw-cvered muntains, which were reflected (倒影) in the lake belw.(一只老鹰飞过白雪皑皑的群山，群山倒映在下面平静的湖面上)”可知，作者看到的是眼前一幕风景。故选B。
【4题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我专注于拍摄这个惊人的场景时，我突然有一种被监视的感觉。A. adapting t适应；B. cntributing t有助于；C. fcusing n集中于；D. ging n继续。根据后文“phtgraphing this amazing scene”指作者当时专注于拍摄场景。故选C。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，相机还在我的眼前，我转过身……僵住了。A. eye眼睛；B. ear耳朵；C. head头；D. shulder肩膀。根据上文“phtgraphing this amazing scene”可知，作者正在拍摄照片，故摄像机还放在眼睛处。故选A。
【6题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：时间静止了，我和熊都等着看谁先行动。A. calm平静的；B. peaceful和平的；C. silent沉默的；D. still静止的。根据后文“as the bear and I bth waited t see wh wuld mve first”可知，时间静止了，因为作者和熊都等着看谁先行动。故选D。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我强迫我的手指按下按钮。A. raised提高，养育；B. stuck粘，贴，卡；C. frced迫使；D. held举办。根据上文“My legs started shaking(我的腿开始发抖)”可知，作者被吓到了，腿发抖，手指应该不听使唤，故需强迫。故选C。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。当我从震惊中恢复过来时，我看了看相机。句意：A. shck震惊；B. tiredness累；C. excitement兴奋；D. failure失败。根据上文“My legs started shaking(我的腿开始发抖)”和“the bear turned and ran back int the frest”可知，作者看到熊很害怕，但是熊转身跑回森林让作者很意外和惊讶。故选A。
【9题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我最害怕但是神奇的经历现在被永远地记录在了一张照片里。A. pleasant令人愉悦的，惬意的；B. magical魔法的，神奇的；C. wrrying令人担忧的；D. imaginable可以想象的。根据上文“When I recvered frm the”可知，熊的反应出乎意料，整个事情很奇特，神奇。故选B。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：偶尔，我看看这张照片，提醒我要尊重所有的动物。A. hnur荣耀，光荣；B. present礼物；C. symbl象征；D. reminder提醒物。根据后文“t shw respect t all animals”以及上文可知，这张照片对作者而言是提醒他的东西，一看见照片就提醒他尊重所有的动物。故选D。
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，34 分)
第一节(共 12 题;每小题 2 分，满分 24 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Best ryal (王室的) palaces in Eurpe yu can visit
There are sme ryal palaces in Eurpe that ften pen their drs t the public.
Drttninghlm Palace, Sweden
This breathtaking palace in Drttninghlm is nt nly a residence f the Swedish ryal family, but it’s als a UNESCO Wrld Heritage Site thanks t its impressively preserved castle and theatre. The palace and park are pen t the public year-rund.
Ryal Palace, Osl, Nrway
The fficial ryal residence fr the Nrwegian vals has neclassical architecture and landscaped gardens with pnds and eye-catching statues. During the summer mnths the palace pens t the public n guided turs, which include beautiful staterms (会客厅), the Bird Rm, Mirrr Hall, Small Ceremnial Hall and Banqueting Hall.
Ryal Palace f Madrid, Spain
While the Ryal Palace f Madrid is fficially the ryal residence, nwadays the Spanish ryals chse t live in the Zarzuela Palace instead, with the Madrid Palace used mainly fr state ceremnies. There are ver 3,000 rms in this breathtaking palace, making it ne f the largest in the wrld. Highlights include the ryal kitchens and the painting gallery, while the Changing f the Guard ceremny never fails t be a hit with turists.
Palace f Versailles, France
If yu want t visit a palace that’s luxurius (豪华的), then the Palace f Versailles needs t be n yur list. France hasn’t had a ryal family since the French Revlutin in 1789, but this palace ffers a glimpse (短暂的感受) int hw the frmer ryals lived, as well as serving as a museum which preserves sme f the finest wrks by the mst gifted painters, sculptrs and craftsmen f the time.
11. When is Ryal Palace, Osl likely t pen t the public?
A. In March.B. In July.C. In Octber.D. In December.
12. Where shuld visitrs g if they want t see state ceremnies?
A. Drttninghlm Palace.B. Ryal Palace, Osl.
C. Ryal Palace f Madrid.D. Palace f Versailles.
13. What can visitrs d at Palace f Versailles?
A. Cme acrss ryal members.
B. Enjy sme excellent artwrks.
C. Cmmunicate with gifted painters.
D. Learn the histry f French Revlutin.
【答案】11. B 12. C 13. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了几处值得参观的欧洲皇家宫殿。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据Ryal Palace, Osl, Nrway中关键句“During the summer mnths the palace pens t the public n guided turs, which include beautiful staterms, the Bird Rm, Mirrr Hall, Small Ceremnial Hall and Banqueting Hall.(在夏季的几个月里，宫殿向公众开放导游，其中包括美丽的特等房间、鸟室、镜厅、小仪式厅和宴会厅)”可知，奥斯陆皇家宫殿在夏季向公众开放，七月是夏季。故选B项。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据Ryal Palace f Madrid, Spain中关键句“While the Ryal Palace f Madrid is fficially the ryal residence, nwadays the Spanish ryals chse t live in the Zarzuela Palace instead, with the Madrid Palace used mainly fr state ceremnies.(虽然马德里皇宫是官方的皇家住所，但现在西班牙皇室选择住在Zarzuela宫，马德里宫主要用于国家仪式)”可知，如果游客想要看国家仪式，应该去马德里皇宫。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据Palace f Versailles, France中关键句“France hasn’t had a ryal family since the French Revlutin in 1789, but this palace ffers a glimpse int hw the frmer ryals lived, as well as serving as a museum which preserves sme f the finest wrks by the mst gifted painters, sculptrs and craftsmen f the time.(自1789年法国大革命以来，法国就没有王室了，但这座宫殿可以让人们一窥前王室成员的生活，同时它也是一座博物馆，保存着当时最有天赋的画家、雕塑家和工匠的一些最好的作品)”可知，在凡尔赛宫，游客可以欣赏一些优秀的艺术品。故选B项。
B
As humans encrach (侵入) mre and mre n wildlife habitats, animals are finding that the best way t survive isn’t t pack up and mve — it’s t adapt t the night life. A variety f previusly daytime animals such as fxes, deer and bars have becme active at night t avid human activity ut f fear. But this nighttime switch cmes with its wn risks.
Researchers lked at hw 62 species f animals n six cntinents changed their behavir in respnse t human activities such as hunting, farming, and develpment. The studies emplyed varius technlgies t fllw the animals, frm GPS trackers t mtin-activated cameras.
Once night falls, the animals surveyed became far mre active than they were befre humans arrived, hunting and lking fr fd in the dark. Fr example, animals that used t split their activity evenly between day and night typically increased their nighttime activity t 68%.
The team als fund the animals respnded similarly t these human encrachments, regardless f whether human activity directly affected them. S, a deer might becme mre active at night simply because it sees humans hiking nearby, nt because it’s being hunted.
The researchers believe these nighttime behavirs nt nly allw humans and animals t cexist mre peacefully, they may be able t give us hints as t hw t plan cnservatin effrts accrdingly, such as limiting human activity during times when a specific species is mre active. But mving t the nightlife culd als have dwnsides fr these animals. A nighttime lifestyle can reduce an animal’s ability t hunt and find fd successfully and can even affect its ability t find a mate. Switching t a nighttime lifestyle can affect natural patterns f life even if these animals are ding s t reduce their interactin with humans. S, just because animals are becming mre active at night desn’t mean they’ve escaped the influence f humans.
14. Why are animals becming mre active at night?
A. It is easier t find fd at night.B. It is easier t escape being hunted.
C They can be less affected by human.D. They have gt used t nightlife.
15. What can we infer frm the furth paragraph?
A. Any human encrachment can affect animals.
B. Animals can be affected nly when being hunted.
C. Deer can get used t nightlife easily.
D. Animals shuld stay away frm humans.
16. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. The benefits and risks f animals’ nightlife style.
B. Animals have their wn ways t get used t life changes.
C. Animals shuld be well prtected befre it is t late.
D. Animals mve t nightlife due t human encrachments.
【答案】14. C 15. A 16. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了随着人类不断侵入野生动物的栖息地，许多动物开始适应夜间生活以避开人类活动带来的威胁。尽管这种适应有助于人与动物的和谐共存，但也会影响动物的捕猎、觅食和配偶交流能力。因此，尽管动物转向夜间生活是一项适应策略，但并不意味着它们完全摆脱了人类的影响。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“As humans encrach (侵入) mre and mre n wildlife habitats, animals are finding that the best way t survive isn’t t pack up and mve — it’s t adapt t the night life. A variety f previusly daytime animals such as fxes, deer and bars have becme active at night t avid human activity ut f fear. (随着人类越来越多地侵占野生动物的栖息地，动物们发现，最好的生存方式不是打包搬家，而是适应夜间生活。许多以前白天活动的动物，如狐狸、鹿和野猪，由于害怕而在夜间活动，以避开人类的活动)”可知，动物在夜间变得更加活跃是因为此时它们受人类的影响较小。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The team als fund the animals respnded similarly t these human encrachments, regardless f whether human activity directly affected them. S, a deer might becme mre active at night simply because it sees humans hiking nearby, nt because it’s being hunted. (研究小组还发现，无论人类活动是否直接影响它们，动物对这些人类侵入的反应都是相似的。所以，鹿在晚上变得更活跃可能只是因为它看到有人在附近徒步旅行，而不是因为它被猎杀)”可知，即使人类活动没有直接影响动物，动物也会尽可能避开人类侵入。由此可知，任何人类侵入都会影响动物。故选A项。
【16题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“As humans encrach (侵入) mre and mre n wildlife habitats, animals are finding that the best way t survive isn’t t pack up and mve — it’s t adapt t the night life. (随着人类越来越多地侵占野生动物的栖息地，动物们发现，最好的生存方式不是打包搬家，而是适应夜间生活)”可知，文章主要围绕随着人类对其栖息地的入侵，许多动物开始适应夜间生活以避开人类活动带来的威胁展开，介绍了相关研究的手段与结果，并讨论了动物的这种转变的利弊以及意义。故选D项。
C
Life in the Internet age is lnely-r is it? That’s what experts in human interactin are debating after a new Stanfrd University survey has been published.
Accrding t the study, the mre time peple spend nline, the less they can spare fr real-life relatinships with family and friends. The researchers asked 113 peple abut the Web’s influence n daily activities, 36% f thse peple are nline fr mre than five hurs a week. “As Internet use becmes mre widespread, it will have an increasingly islating (孤立的) effect n sciety, ” says Rbert Kraut, ne f the researchers.
Schlars and Web lvers criticized the study fr stretching its data t make the “islating” pint. While 13% f regular Web users admitted the lss f time with lved nes, 60% reprted watching less TV. The survey als shws that E-mail is the mst ppular nline activity, If sme f webheads (网虫) spend what was nce passive TV time keeping cmpany with friends via E-mails, “that’s a mve tward greater cnnectedness,” says Paul Resnick, a prfessr at the University f Michigan.
This isn’t the first claim that the Web shuld be criticized. A 1998 reprt mnitred 73 Pittsburgh-area families’ net use fr a year. “Peple wh used the Internet mre talked less t family members and reprted being lnelier and mre depressed,” says Rbert Kraut.
“It’s true that there have been big declines in scial cnnectedness ver the past decades, but thse declines began befre the Internet was invented,” says Thmas Putnam.
As Amitay Etzini says, the Internet gives us a different kind f scial life-nt better r wrse than befre, but just different.
17. The underlined wrd “This” in Para.4 refers t ________.
A. the study cnducted by Stanfrd UniversityB. the survey made by the University f Michigan
C. the cnclusin in a reprt written in 1998D. the pinin expressed in Bwling Alne
18. Frm the passage we learn that ________.
A. watching TV used t take time away frm staying nline
B. 36% f web users spend mre than five hurs a week nline
C. the Web was blamed mre than nce fr causing an islating effect
D. the Web has the same influence as telephnes and televisins
19. The passage mainly discusses ________.
A. hw we can make a better use f the InternetB. whether the Internet causes an islating effect
C. hw declines in scial cnnectedness appearD. what a different life the Internet brings t us
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了对于斯坦福大学进行的一项关于网络是否导致“社会孤立效应”的研究，社会各界展开的讨论。
【17题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段“Accrding t the study, the mre time peple spend nline, the less they can spare fr real-life relatinships with family and friends. The researchers asked 113 peple abut the Web’s influence n daily activities, 36% f thse peple are nline fr mre than five hurs a week. “As Internet use becmes mre widespread, it will have an increasingly islating (孤立的) effect n sciety, ” says Rbert Kraut, ne f the researchers.(根据这项研究，人们花在网上的时间越多，他们在现实生活中与家人和朋友相处的时间就越少。研究人员向113人询问了网络对日常活动的影响，其中36%的人每周上网时间超过5小时。研究人员之一罗伯特•克劳特表示：“随着互联网的使用越来越广泛，它将对社会产生越来越孤立的影响。”)”以及划线词后文“the first claim that the Web shuld be criticized”可知，This指代的是Stanfrd University开展的调查研究。故选A。
【18题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“This isn’t the first claim that the Web shuld be criticized. A 1998 reprt mnitred 73 Pittsburgh-area families’ net use fr a year.(这并不是第一次有人说网络应该受到批评。1998年的一份报告对匹兹堡地区73个家庭一年的网络使用情况进行了监测)”可知，人们不止一次地指责网络造成了孤立效应。故选C。
【19题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Life in the Internet age is lnely-r is it? That’s what experts in human interactin are debating after a new Stanfrd University survey has been published.(互联网时代的生活是孤独的，是吗？在斯坦福大学发表了一项新的调查后，人类互动专家们正在争论这个问题)”结合文章讲述了对于斯坦福大学进行的一项关于网络是否导致“社会孤立效应”的研究，社会各界展开的讨论。即这篇文章主要讨论了互联网是否会造成孤立效应。故选B。
D
Shwrming
One f the biggest challenges facing brick-and-mrtar retailers (实体零售店) in recent years has been the “shwrming”. Driven by the desire t get the best prices, many shppers are nw visiting brick-and-mrtar stres t persnally check n prducts that interest them, nly t leave and then buy the items nline. The new trend is frcing retailers t find ut new ways t keep cnsumers frm leaving their stre fr cheaper prices nline.
Recent research fund that 40 percent f U.S. shppers have shwrmed previusly, with big-bx retailers suffering the mst. Specifically, the study shws that Best Buy, Walmart and Target are the mst likely brick-and-mrtar stres t have shppers test ut a prduct in-stre and then purchase it nline later, while Amazn is benefiting mst frm the practice, with nearly 60 percent f shppers using the nline retail giant (巨人) mst ften t make their shwrming purchases.
Smartphnes have pushed shwrming int the frnt. Shppers n lnger have t wait until they get hme t see if they can find a cheaper price fr the prducts they’re cnsidering buying. With smartphnes, cnsumers can nw cmpare virtual prices, at bth ther brick-and-mrtar stres and nline nes while still inside a retail stre. If they can find what they’re seeking fr less nline, the majrity will be seeking the first exit. A recent study shwed that 45 percent f custmers shpping at brick-and-mrtar stres walk ut and buy their purchase nline fr a discunt f as little as 2.5 percent.
This puts pressure n retailers t prvide bth an in-stre experience wrth staying fr and an nline presence that can attract shppers wh are shwrming in ther businesses.
T cut dwn n shwrming, many retailers are adpting new methds t keep shppers in their stres. Amng the steps they’re taking are price-matching assurances that allw shppers t pay a discunted price if they find it cheaper nline. This ensures that even a shwrming shpper can make the purchase in the stre — regardless f whether they find the cheaper price nline.
Anther ppular methd t fight against shwrming is t give shppers the ability t buy smething nline and pick it up at the stre. This reduces shipping csts and gets custmers in the stre, where they may be encuraged t make an additinal purchase.
It is als imprtant fr businesses t take int cnsideratin what makes shppers purchase smething in-stre rather than nline, and meet thse needs. Research has fund that mre than 8 in 10 Americans cnsider being able t take the gds hme immediately and the ability t tuch and feel them—the mst imprtant aspects when deciding t purchase in a stre rather than nline.
20. What cntributes t the grwing ppularity f shwrming?
A. The wide use f smartphnes.B. The cmpetitin between big stres.
C. The advertisement by nline retail giants.D. The decline f the brick-and-mrtar stres.
21. The underlined wrds “seeking the first exit” in Paragraph 3 prbably mean ______.
A. searching fr lwer pricesB. leaving as sn as pssible
C. lcating the first exit quicklyD. making a purchase n the spt
22. The last three paragraphs mainly talk abut ways f ______.
A. increasing sales at stresB. preventing purchase nline
C. satisfying custmers’ needsD. advising shppers t buy mre
【答案】20. A 21. B 22. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。近年来，实体店面临的最大挑战之一是消费者在实体店体验产品之后，却在网上购买产品。针对此现象，许多零售商开始实施新的策略，以提高销量。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Smartphnes have pushed shwrming int the frnt.(智能手机将展示厅推到了前沿)”可知，智能手机的广泛使用导致了展示厅越来越受欢迎。故选A。
【21题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词后文“A recent study shwed that 45 percent f custmers shpping at brick-and-mrtar stres walk ut and buy their purchase nline fr a discunt f as little as 2.5 percent.(最近的一项研究表明，在实体店购物的顾客中，有45%的人会直接走出去，然后以最低2.5%的折扣在网上购买)”可知，后文的例子表明，如果人们发现他们寻找的东西在网络上的价格更加便宜，大多数人就会尽快离开。故seek the first exit的意思是“尽可能快地离开”，故选B。
【22题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第三段“T cut dwn n shwrming, many retailers are adpting new methds t keep shppers in their stres. Amng the steps they’re taking are price-matching assurances that allw shppers t pay a discunted price if they find it cheaper nline. This ensures that even a shwrming shpper can make the purchase in the stre—regardless f whether they find the cheaper price nline.(为了减少“展示厅”现象，许多零售商正在采用新方法来留住顾客。他们采取的措施之一是价格匹配保证，如果购物者在网上找到更便宜的商品，他们可以支付折扣价。这就保证了即使是展厅里的顾客也能在店内购买——不管他们在网上是否能找到更便宜的价格)”主要讲了为了让顾客留在店里,零售店采取了一个措施：如果顾客发现零售店的东西比网上的贵，就可以享受打折；倒数第二段“Anther ppular methd t fight against shwrming is t give shppers the ability t buy smething nline and pick it up at the stre. This reduces shipping csts and gets custmers in the stre, where they may be encuraged t make an additinal purchase.(另一种对抗“展厅现象”的流行方法是让购物者能够在网上购买商品，然后到实体店取货。这降低了运输成本，并吸引顾客进入商店，在那里他们可能会被鼓励进行额外的购买)”主要讲了零售店允许顾客在网上购买，在实体店提货。本文最后一段“It is als imprtant fr businesses t take int cnsideratin what makes shppers purchase smething in-stre rather than nline, and meet thse needs. Research has fund that mre than 8 in 10 Americans cnsider being able t take the gds hme immediately and the ability t tuch and feel them—the mst imprtant aspects when deciding t purchase in a stre rather than nline.(同样重要的是，企业要考虑到是什么让消费者在实体店而不是网上购买商品，并满足这些需求。研究发现，超过八成的美国人认为，在决定在实体店而不是网上购物时，能立即把商品带回家，并能触摸和感受它们是最重要的因素)”主要讲了顾客能够立刻感受和触摸到商品是实体零售店的一大优势。综上所述，本文最后三段主要讲了增加实体零售店的销量的方法。故选A。
第二节(共 5 题;每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The British are knwn fr their sense f humr. Hwever, it is ften difficult fr freigners t understand their jkes. ____23____.
Understatement means saying less than yu think r feel. Fr example, if smene gets very wet in a shwer f rain, he might say, “It’s a little damp utside.” Or, if smene is very implite and shuts at anther persn, smene else might say, “She isn’t exactly friendly.” ____24____. Understatement plays an imprtant part in British humr.
____25____. They ften laugh abut the silly and unpleasant things that happen t their daily life when smene accidentally falls ver in the street. They als like t make jkes abut peple frm different classes f sciety. ____26____. What’s mre, the British lve t watch cmedies abut peple wh d nt knw hw t behave in sciety. The cmedy series Mr. Bean is a gd example f this kind f humr.
Mr. Bean is a character created by British actr Rwan Atkinsn in 1990. Mr. Bean desn’t talk ften and instead he uses his bdy mvement and facial expressins t make peple laugh. Perhaps what makes Mr. Bean s funny is that he des things that adults in the real wrld cannt d. Mr. Bean is ppular in many cuntries arund the wrld because yu d nt have t speak English t understand the humr. ____27____.
A. The main pint t remember is that the British ften use understatement
B. Because f this, many peple have becme familiar with the British sense f humr
C. The reasns fr the success and ppularity f British cmedy are interesting t explre
D. They like t make jkes abut their accents, the way they dress and the way they behave
E. Understatement is ften used in an unpleasant situatin r t make anther persn lk silly
F. Anther area that might be difficult fr freigners t get when it cmes t British cmedy is “wrd play”
G. Anther key t understand the British humr is that the British like t make fun f themselves as well as thers
【答案】23. A 24. E 25. G 26. D 27. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了英国人的幽默特点以及如何理解英式幽默。
【23题详解】
根据上文“The British are knwn fr their sense f humr. Hwever, it is ften difficult fr freigners t understand their jkes.(英国人以幽默感著称。然而，外国人往往很难理解他们的笑话)”和第二段段首“Understatement means saying less than yu think r feel. (轻描淡写的意思是说得比你想的或感觉的少)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文说明如何理解英国人的幽默感，并引出下文对“轻描淡写”的解释。A选项“要记住的重点是，英国人经常轻描淡写”符合语境，故选A。
【24题详解】
根据上文“Fr example, if smene gets very wet in a shwer f rain, he might say, “It’s a little damp utside.” Or, if smene is very implite and shuts at anther persn, smene else might say, “She isn’t exactly friendly.”(例如，如果某人在阵雨中被淋湿了，他可能会说，“外面有点潮湿”或者，如果某人非常不礼貌，对另一个人大喊大叫，其他人可能会说，“她不是很友好。”)”以及后文“Understatement plays an imprtant part in British humr.(轻描淡写在英式幽默中起着重要作用)”可知，本句主要是在说明英国人的幽默感“轻描淡写”应用的场合，后文介绍其作用。故E选项“轻描淡写通常用于不愉快的场合，或者让别人看起来很傻”符合语境，故选E。
【25题详解】
根据后文“They ften laugh abut the silly and unpleasant things that happen t their daily life when smene accidentally falls ver in the street. They als like t make jkes abut peple frm different classes f sciety.(当有人在街上不小心摔倒时，他们经常嘲笑日常生活中发生的愚蠢和不愉快的事情。他们还喜欢开不同社会阶层的人的玩笑)”可知，本段主要是在说明英国喜欢取笑的对象。故G选项“理解英式幽默的另一个关键是，英国人既喜欢取笑别人，也喜欢取笑自己”符合语境，故选G。
【26题详解】
根据上文“They ften laugh abut the silly and unpleasant things that happen t their daily life when smene accidentally falls ver in the street. They als like t make jkes abut peple frm different classes f sciety.(当有人在街上不小心摔倒时，他们经常嘲笑日常生活中发生的愚蠢和不愉快的事情。他们还喜欢开不同社会阶层的人的玩笑)”以及后文“What’s mre, the British lve t watch cmedies abut peple wh d nt knw hw t behave in sciety. The cmedy series Mr. Bean is a gd example f this kind f humr.(更重要的是，英国人喜欢看关于不知道如何在社会中表现的人的喜剧。喜剧系列《憨豆先生》就是这种幽默的一个很好的例子)”可知，本句与后文都是就英国人喜欢嘲笑的内容进行说明。故D选项“他们喜欢拿自己的口音、穿着和行为开玩笑”符合语境，故选D。
【27题详解】
根据上文“Mr. Bean is a character created by British actr Rwan Atkinsn in 1990. Mr. Bean desn’t talk ften and instead he uses his bdy mvement and facial expressins t make peple laugh. Perhaps what makes Mr. Bean s funny is that he des things that adults in the real wrld cannt d. Mr. Bean is ppular in many cuntries arund the wrld because yu d nt have t speak English t understand the humr.(憨豆先生是英国演员罗文·阿特金森于1990年创作的一个角色。憨豆先生不经常说话，而是用他的肢体动作和面部表情来逗人们笑。也许憨豆先生之所以如此有趣，是因为他做了现实世界中成年人做不到的事情。憨豆先生在世界上许多国家都很受欢迎，因为你不必说英语就能理解其中的幽默)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，故总结上文憨豆先生对英国幽默的影响。故B选项“正因为如此，许多人已经熟悉了英国人的幽默感”符合语境，故选B。
第三部分：书面表达(共四节，51 分)
第一节：阅读表达(共 4 小题 12 分;第 28、29 题各 2 分，第 30 题 3 分，第31 题 5 分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Many animals and plants are endangered in the wrld tday. These endangered species are threatened with becming extinct, meaning they will n lnger exist n Earth. Examples include the Cuban Macaw and the Sri Lankan Legume Tree. Hunting, and cllecting f the Macaw bird fr pets, led t its extinctin. While the main reasn the native Sri Lankan Legume Tree went extinct was due t habitat lss frm develpment in the 20th century. The main cause fr animals and plants disappearing is ften a disruptin t the fd chain due t hunting, habitat lss r even the intrductin f invasive (入侵的) species.
Every living thing frm ne-celled animals t a blue whale needs t eat. Nature is cnnected and cntrlled by many fragile fd chains. A fd chain describes wh eats whm in a habitat. When ne f the links in a fd chain is n lnger present — fr example, a species ges extinct — the fd chain breaks and smetimes this can cause ther animals t disappear and the whle system can becme imbalanced r even cllapsed.
Humans can have disastrus effects n fd chains. When peple first explred the wrld they tk animal and plant species frm their hme cuntries t the places they explred and settled in. They did nt realise the results f intrducing invasive species. By ding s, they were disrupting the natural fd chains f the areas they explred.
Nwadays there are strict rules cntrlling the mvement f animals and plants between cuntries. But sme parts f the wrld are still experiencing prblems with invasive species intrduced hundreds f years ag.
With rising awareness f hw we affect the natural envirnment, hpefully we can learn t prtect these fd chains and help them t thrive. Otherwise the cntinued lss f species will eventually mean ur wn extinctin.
28. What is a fd chain?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
29. What may cause a disruptin t the fd chain?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
30. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
●Due t strict rules cntrlling the mvement f species between cuntries we have slved the prblem with invasive species.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
31. What can yu d t help prtect fd chains as an individual?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】28. A fd chain describes wh eats whm in a habitat.
29. Hunting, habitat lss r even the intrductin f invasive species.
30. Due t strict rules cntrlling the mvement f species between cuntries, we have slved the prblem with invasive species. Accrding t the passage, sme parts f the wrld are still experiencing prblems with invasive species intrduced hundreds f years ag.
31. I will fllw the rules cntrlling the mvement f animals and plants between cuntries. I will nt take animal and plant species t my destinatin when travelling abrad, r buy any invasive species nline. I’ll als pst articles and vides nline t get mre peple aware f the imprtance f prtecting fd chains.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了食物链的含义、对食物链造成破坏的原因以及食物链中断造成的影响。
【28题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“A fd chain describes wh eats whm in a habitat.(食物链描述的是在一个栖息地谁吃谁)”可知，食物链描述了一个栖息地中谁吃谁。故答案为A fd chain describes wh eats whm in a habitat.
【29题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段“The main cause fr animals and plants disappearing is ften a disruptin t the fd chain due t hunting, habitat lss r even the intrductin f invasive (入侵的) species.(动植物消失的主要原因往往是由于狩猎、栖息地丧失，甚至是入侵物种的引入而导致的食物链中断)”可知，狩猎、栖息地丧失甚至入侵物种的引入对食物链造成破坏。故答案为Hunting, habitat lss r even the intrductin f invasive species.
【30题详解】
考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“But sme parts f the wrld are still experiencing prblems with invasive species intrduced hundreds f years ag.(但世界上的一些地区仍然面临着数百年前引入的入侵物种的问题)”可知，错误部分为“we have slved the prblem with invasive species”。根据这篇文章，世界上的一些地区仍然面临着数百年前引入的入侵物种的问题。故答案为Due t strict rules cntrlling the mvement f species between cuntries, we have slved the prblem with invasive species. Accrding t the passage, sme parts f the wrld are still experiencing prblems with invasive species intrduced hundreds f years ag.
【31题详解】
考查开放题。根据“作为个人，你能做些什么来帮助保护食物链？”可回答：我将遵守控制国与国之间动植物流动的规则。在国外旅游时，我不会将动植物物种带到目的地，也不会在网上购买任何入侵物种。我也会在网上发布文章和视频，让更多的人意识到保护食物链的重要性。故答案为I will fllw the rules cntrlling the mvement f animals and plants between cuntries. I will nt take animal and plant species t my destinatin when travelling abrad, r buy any invasive species nline. I’ll als pst articles and vides nline t get mre peple aware f the imprtance f prtecting fd chains.
第二节：词汇知识运用(共 12 小题;每小题 1 分，共 12 分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从框中选择合适的单词或词组，用其正确形式填空，并将答案书写在答题卡相应位置。
The measures were effective. Up t nw, the antelpe ppulatin ____32____ and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelpe ____33____ frm the endangered species list. The gvernment, hwever, des nt ____34____ t stp the prtectin prgrammes, since the ____35____ t the Tibetan antelpe have nt yet disappeared.
【答案】32. has recvered
33. was remved
34. intend 35. threats
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了保护藏羚羊的措施已经有了成效。
【32题详解】
考查时态。句意：截至目前，羚羊数量已有所恢复，并于2015年6月将藏羚羊从濒危物种名录中除名。由up t nw可知，句子描述从过去到现在已经发生的事，应用现在完成时，此处表示“恢复”，应用动词recver，且主语the antelpe ppulatin，谓语动词应用单数，故填has recvered。
【33题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：截至目前，羚羊数量已有所恢复，并于2015年6月将藏羚羊从濒危物种名录中除名。此处在and后面的句子中作谓语，由in June 2015可知，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，此处表示“移除”，应用动词remve，主语the Tibetan antelpe和动词remve是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是the Tibetan antelpe，be动词应用was，故填was remved。
【34题详解】
考查动词。句意：然而，政府并不打算停止保护计划，因为藏羚羊面临的威胁尚未消失。此处表示“打算”，为动词intend，由des nt可知，应用动词原形，故填intend。
【35题详解】
考查名词。句意：然而，政府并不打算停止保护计划，因为藏羚羊面临的威胁尚未消失。此处表示“威胁”，应用名词threat作主语，由have和句意可知，“威胁”不止一个，应用复数形式，故填threats。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从框中选择合适的单词或词组，用其正确形式填空，并将答案书写在答题卡相应位置。
Jan Tchamani, an English teacher in Birmingham, UK, suddenly develped a serius illness and had t quit her jb. At age 50, she fund herself ut f wrk and ____36____ at hme with nly her cmputer t ____37____. After a while, she discvered that ____38____ the Internet culd help her feel less lnely and bred. She culd listen t music, watch films, play games, and explre the wrld. She als jined an nline grup where she culd talk abut her prblems and get supprt and advice frm thers. She realised that ne f the greatest benefits f the Internet was its ability t remve the ____39____ that usually exists between peple.
【答案】36. stuck
37. keep her cmpany
38. surfing
39. distance
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。英国伯明翰的英语老师Jan Tchamani因病辞职，50岁的她在家中只有电脑相伴。后来，她发现上网能缓解孤独和无聊，可以听音乐、看电影、玩游戏和探索世界。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：50岁时，她发现自己失业了，只能呆在家里，只有电脑陪伴着她。根据上文“ut f wrk”和“at hme with nly her cmputer”可推知，她失业了，只能呆在家里，用动词stick作宾语补足语，表明其逻辑主语herself的状态，用形容词stuck，意为“被困住的”。故填stuck。
【37题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：50岁时，她发现自己失业了，只能呆在家里，只有电脑陪伴着她。根据上文“with nly her cmputer”可知，她只有电脑陪伴，用动词短语keep smebdy cmpany，意为“陪伴某人”，在不定式符号t后用动词原形，宾语用宾格代词her。故填keep her cmpany。
38题详解】
考查动词。句意：过了一段时间，她发现上网可以帮助她感觉不那么孤独和无聊。根据下文“She culd listen t music, watch films, play games, and explre the wrld.”可推知，她学会了上网，用动词surf，意为“上网；冲浪”；surf the Internet作从句主语，用动名词surfing。故填surfing。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：她意识到互联网最大的好处之一是它能够消除人与人之间通常存在的距离。根据上文“She als jined an nline grup where she culd talk abut her prblems and get supprt and advice frm thers.”可推知，互联网消除了人与人之间的距离；用名词distance作宾语，意为“距离”。故填distance。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从框中选择合适的单词或词组，用其正确形式填空，并将答案书写在答题卡相应位置。
Finally, in the 20th century, the suthern part f Ireland ____40____ the UK, which _____41_____ the full name we have tday: the United Kingdm f Great Britain and Nrthern Ireland. Mst peple just use the _____42_____ name: “the United Kingdm” r “the UK”. Peple frm the UK are called “British”, which means the UK is als ften _____43_____ as Britain r Great Britain.
【答案】40. brke away frm
41. resulted in
42. shrtened
43. referred t
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了英国的全称。
【40题详解】
考查短语和时态。句意：最终，在20世纪，爱尔兰南部脱离了英国，这就有了我们今天的全称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。此处表示“脱离”，为动词短语break away frm，由in the 20th century可知，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填brke away frm。
【41题详解】
考查短语和时态。句意：最终，在20世纪，爱尔兰南部脱离了英国，这就有了我们今天的全称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。此处表示“导致”，为动词短语result in，由句意可知，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填resulted in。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：大多数人只使用缩写名称：“the United Kingdm”或“the UK”。根据句意可知，此处表示“缩短”，应用动词shrten，且在句中作定语，修饰name，应用非谓语动词形式，动词shrten和name是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语，故填shrtened。
【43题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：来自英国的人被称为“British”，这意味着英国也经常被称为英国或大不列颠。此处指“被称为”，为短语be referred t as，故填referred t。
第三节：完成句子(共 6 小题;每小题 2 分，共 12 分)
请根据所给的汉语，用括号内所给出的提示词完成句子。请将答案书写在答题卡相应位置。
44. 这是面向中学生的新杂志。（target）
This is a new magazine _________________.
【答案】that is targeted at middle schl students/which is targeted at middle schl students/targeted at middle schl students
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和时态。“面向”为“be targeted at ”，“中学生”为“middle schl students”，“杂志（magazine）”作为定语从句的先行词，指物并在从句中作主语，使用关系代词that或which引导定语从句，根据“This is a new magazine ”可知，从句使用一般现在时，从句表达为that/which is targeted at middle schl students；可以省略“that is”或“which is”，即过去分词短语作后置定语修饰 magazine，故填that is targeted at middle schl students/which is targeted at middle schl students/targeted at middle schl students。
45. 大火后，科学家们开始对袋鼠栖息地消失感到担忧。(cncern)
After fire, scientists _________________ the lss f habitat f kangars.
【答案】started t be cncerned abut
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。表示“开始”应用start t d sth.，结合语境可知，描述过去发生的事，为一般过去时；表示“感到担忧”短语为be cncerned abut。故填started t be cncerned abut。
46. 许多贫困地区的孩子没有机会接触到互联网。(access)
Many children in pr areas _________________ .
【答案】dn’t have access t the Internet
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。表示“接触”短语为have access t，后跟the Internet作宾语。此处陈述事实用一般现在时，且为否定陈述句。故填dn’t have access t the Internet。
47. 几年前，Bb 负责掌管这家公司。(charge)
A few years ag, Bb _________________ .
【答案】tk charge f the cmpany##was in charge f the cmpany
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和固定短语。“负责”为“take charge f”或“be in charge f”，“这家公司”为“the cmpany”，由“a few years ag”可知，谓语动词使用一般过去时，主语Bb为单数意义，故填tk charge f the cmpany或者was in charge f the cmpany。
48. 他决定采用一种不同的方法来解决这个问题。(apprach)
He decided _________________ t slve the prblem.
【答案】t adpt/take a different apprach
【解析】
【详解】考查动词、形容词和名词。对比中英文可知，空处表示“采用一种不同的方法”，“采用”可用动词adpt或take，“一种不同的方法”可用名词短语a different apprach，且此处用decide t d sth.表示“决定做某事”，adpt或take需用不定式的形式，作宾语。故填t adpt/take a different apprach。
49. 今年的奖项已经被颁发给了 4 名表现突出的学生。(award)
The prizes this year _________________fur students fr their utstanding wrk.
【答案】have (already) been awarded t
【解析】
【详解】考查时态语态。表示“颁发”应用动词award，“颁发某物给某人”是award smething t smebdy，award与主语构成被动关系，此处表示过去发生的动作对现在产生影响用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为prizes ，助动词用have。故填have (already) been awarded t。
第四节：作文(共 1 小题，15 分)
50. 假如你是红星中学的李华，你看到一个海外网站在征集利用网络宣扬各国文化的建议稿。请你发邮件说明你的建议。主要内容包括：
1. 推荐一个中国文化的代表(人物、城市、历史古迹、文物…等);
2. 提出如何利用网络宣扬的具体建议。
注意：1. 词数 100 左右;
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Editr,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Editr,
I’m writing t ffer sme suggestins t prmte Chinese culture nline.
In my pinin, Cnfucius stands fr Chinese culture, because his philsphy has a deep influence n ur law, life, and especially in educatin. Many f his teaching methds, which prmte the cmbinatin f learning and thinking, are still f great imprtance in practice tday.
T spread Chinese culture, we can build a bilingual website t intrduce Cnfucius and his famus sayings. In this way, even freigners can appreciate Cnfucius better. Besides, we can invite sme influential vlggers t Temple f Cnfucius t sht sme vides, which is als a vivid way t stir up thers’ interest in Chinese culture. Mrever, it’s a gd idea t create an app which keeps every user updated n the latest activities abut Cnfucius.
Hpe my advice can get mre peple learn abut Chinese culture.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生发邮件向一个征集利用网络宣扬各国文化的海外网站说明你的建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：advice/suggestin→tip
影响：influence→impact
重要：be f great imprtance→imprtant
方法：methd→way/apprach
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：T spread Chinese culture, we can build a bilingual website t intrduce Cnfucius and his famus sayings.
拓展句：We can build a bilingual website t intrduce Cnfucius and his famus sayings, which can spread Chinese culture.
【点睛】[高分句型1] In my pinin, Cnfucius stands fr Chinese culture, because his philsphy has a deep influence n ur law, life, and especially in educatin. (运用了because引导原因状语从句)
[高分句型2] Many f his teaching methds, which prmte the cmbinatin f learning and thinking, are still f great imprtance in practice tday. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)distance; remve; break away frm; intend; eager; result in; surf; refer t; shrt; keep smebdy cmpany; recver; threat; stick
distance; remve; break away frm; intend; eager; result in; surf; refer t; shrt; keep smebdy cmpany; recver; threat; stick
distance; remve; break away frm; intend; eager; result in; surf; refer t; shrt; keep smebdy cmpany; recver; threat; stick
高一英语
(考试时长：90分钟)
考查目标
知识：必修二 Unit 2 – Unit5 词汇、语法
能力：阅读能力、写作能力
第一部分：知识运用(共一节，15 分)
完型填空(共 10 题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
As a nature phtgrapher, I have t brave the elements (自然力). But despite the wind and the rain, I still enjy ____1____ utside in the wild. One f the best things abut this jb is that yu can ____2____ animals in their natural envirnment.
Last spring in Yellwstne, I fllwed a path that tk me thrugh a dark frest. When I finally stepped ut f the trees, the____3____ was breathtaking. An eagle (鹰) flew ver the snw-cvered muntains, which were reflected (倒影) in the lake belw. While I was ____4____ phtgraphing this amazing scene, I suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched. Slwly, and with the camera still held t my ____5____ I turned…and frze. Only metres away frm me was a bear lking at me. Time std ____6____ as the bear and I bth waited t see wh wuld mve first. My legs started shaking. Smehw, I ____7____ my finger t press the buttn. A secnd later, the bear turned and ran back int the frest. When I recvered frm the ____8____, I lked at my camera. My mst frightening but ____9____ experience was nw recrded frever in a single image.
Frm time t time I lk at the pht as a(n) ____10____ t shw respect t all animals. It is after all we wh are the visitrs t their wrld.
1. A. walkingB. hikingC. wrkingD. camping
2. A. keepB. prtectC. feedD. bserve
3. A. frestB. viewC. eagleD. picture
4. A. adapting tB. cntributing tC. fcusing nD. ging n
5. A. eyeB. earC. headD. shulder
6. A. calmB. peacefulC. silentD. still
7. A. raisedB. stuckC. frcedD. held
8. A. shckB. tirednessC. excitementD. failure
9. A. pleasantB. magicalC. wrryingD. imaginable
10. A. hnurB. presentC. symblD. reminder
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者在一次野外摄相时遇到了一头熊，但是熊被作者拍摄照片的小举动意外地吓跑了。让作者意识到人类应该尊重所有的动物。地球是它们的家。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是尽管风吹雨打，我仍然喜欢在野外工作。A. walking走；B. hiking远足；C. wrking工作；D. camping野营。根据下文“One f the best things abut this jb is that yu can ____2____ animals in their natural envirnment.”可知，作者的工作是在野外观察动物。故选C。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这份工作最好之处就是你可以在自然环境中观察动物。A. keep保持；B. prtect保护；C. feed喂；D. bserve观察。根据下文“phtgraphing this amazing scene”可知，作者的工作是自然摄影师，故是在自然环境中观察动物，拍摄照片。故选D。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我最终走出了树林时，眼前的风景令人激动。A. frest森林；B. view风景；C. eagle鹰；D. picture图片。根据下文“An eagle (鹰) flew ver the snw-cvered muntains, which were reflected (倒影) in the lake belw.(一只老鹰飞过白雪皑皑的群山，群山倒映在下面平静的湖面上)”可知，作者看到的是眼前一幕风景。故选B。
【4题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我专注于拍摄这个惊人的场景时，我突然有一种被监视的感觉。A. adapting t适应；B. cntributing t有助于；C. fcusing n集中于；D. ging n继续。根据后文“phtgraphing this amazing scene”指作者当时专注于拍摄场景。故选C。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，相机还在我的眼前，我转过身……僵住了。A. eye眼睛；B. ear耳朵；C. head头；D. shulder肩膀。根据上文“phtgraphing this amazing scene”可知，作者正在拍摄照片，故摄像机还放在眼睛处。故选A。
【6题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：时间静止了，我和熊都等着看谁先行动。A. calm平静的；B. peaceful和平的；C. silent沉默的；D. still静止的。根据后文“as the bear and I bth waited t see wh wuld mve first”可知，时间静止了，因为作者和熊都等着看谁先行动。故选D。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我强迫我的手指按下按钮。A. raised提高，养育；B. stuck粘，贴，卡；C. frced迫使；D. held举办。根据上文“My legs started shaking(我的腿开始发抖)”可知，作者被吓到了，腿发抖，手指应该不听使唤，故需强迫。故选C。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。当我从震惊中恢复过来时，我看了看相机。句意：A. shck震惊；B. tiredness累；C. excitement兴奋；D. failure失败。根据上文“My legs started shaking(我的腿开始发抖)”和“the bear turned and ran back int the frest”可知，作者看到熊很害怕，但是熊转身跑回森林让作者很意外和惊讶。故选A。
【9题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我最害怕但是神奇的经历现在被永远地记录在了一张照片里。A. pleasant令人愉悦的，惬意的；B. magical魔法的，神奇的；C. wrrying令人担忧的；D. imaginable可以想象的。根据上文“When I recvered frm the”可知，熊的反应出乎意料，整个事情很奇特，神奇。故选B。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：偶尔，我看看这张照片，提醒我要尊重所有的动物。A. hnur荣耀，光荣；B. present礼物；C. symbl象征；D. reminder提醒物。根据后文“t shw respect t all animals”以及上文可知，这张照片对作者而言是提醒他的东西，一看见照片就提醒他尊重所有的动物。故选D。
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，34 分)
第一节(共 12 题;每小题 2 分，满分 24 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Best ryal (王室的) palaces in Eurpe yu can visit
There are sme ryal palaces in Eurpe that ften pen their drs t the public.
Drttninghlm Palace, Sweden
This breathtaking palace in Drttninghlm is nt nly a residence f the Swedish ryal family, but it’s als a UNESCO Wrld Heritage Site thanks t its impressively preserved castle and theatre. The palace and park are pen t the public year-rund.
Ryal Palace, Osl, Nrway
The fficial ryal residence fr the Nrwegian vals has neclassical architecture and landscaped gardens with pnds and eye-catching statues. During the summer mnths the palace pens t the public n guided turs, which include beautiful staterms (会客厅), the Bird Rm, Mirrr Hall, Small Ceremnial Hall and Banqueting Hall.
Ryal Palace f Madrid, Spain
While the Ryal Palace f Madrid is fficially the ryal residence, nwadays the Spanish ryals chse t live in the Zarzuela Palace instead, with the Madrid Palace used mainly fr state ceremnies. There are ver 3,000 rms in this breathtaking palace, making it ne f the largest in the wrld. Highlights include the ryal kitchens and the painting gallery, while the Changing f the Guard ceremny never fails t be a hit with turists.
Palace f Versailles, France
If yu want t visit a palace that’s luxurius (豪华的), then the Palace f Versailles needs t be n yur list. France hasn’t had a ryal family since the French Revlutin in 1789, but this palace ffers a glimpse (短暂的感受) int hw the frmer ryals lived, as well as serving as a museum which preserves sme f the finest wrks by the mst gifted painters, sculptrs and craftsmen f the time.
11. When is Ryal Palace, Osl likely t pen t the public?
A. In March.B. In July.C. In Octber.D. In December.
12. Where shuld visitrs g if they want t see state ceremnies?
A. Drttninghlm Palace.B. Ryal Palace, Osl.
C. Ryal Palace f Madrid.D. Palace f Versailles.
13. What can visitrs d at Palace f Versailles?
A. Cme acrss ryal members.
B. Enjy sme excellent artwrks.
C. Cmmunicate with gifted painters.
D. Learn the histry f French Revlutin.
【答案】11. B 12. C 13. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了几处值得参观的欧洲皇家宫殿。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据Ryal Palace, Osl, Nrway中关键句“During the summer mnths the palace pens t the public n guided turs, which include beautiful staterms, the Bird Rm, Mirrr Hall, Small Ceremnial Hall and Banqueting Hall.(在夏季的几个月里，宫殿向公众开放导游，其中包括美丽的特等房间、鸟室、镜厅、小仪式厅和宴会厅)”可知，奥斯陆皇家宫殿在夏季向公众开放，七月是夏季。故选B项。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据Ryal Palace f Madrid, Spain中关键句“While the Ryal Palace f Madrid is fficially the ryal residence, nwadays the Spanish ryals chse t live in the Zarzuela Palace instead, with the Madrid Palace used mainly fr state ceremnies.(虽然马德里皇宫是官方的皇家住所，但现在西班牙皇室选择住在Zarzuela宫，马德里宫主要用于国家仪式)”可知，如果游客想要看国家仪式，应该去马德里皇宫。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据Palace f Versailles, France中关键句“France hasn’t had a ryal family since the French Revlutin in 1789, but this palace ffers a glimpse int hw the frmer ryals lived, as well as serving as a museum which preserves sme f the finest wrks by the mst gifted painters, sculptrs and craftsmen f the time.(自1789年法国大革命以来，法国就没有王室了，但这座宫殿可以让人们一窥前王室成员的生活，同时它也是一座博物馆，保存着当时最有天赋的画家、雕塑家和工匠的一些最好的作品)”可知，在凡尔赛宫，游客可以欣赏一些优秀的艺术品。故选B项。
B
As humans encrach (侵入) mre and mre n wildlife habitats, animals are finding that the best way t survive isn’t t pack up and mve — it’s t adapt t the night life. A variety f previusly daytime animals such as fxes, deer and bars have becme active at night t avid human activity ut f fear. But this nighttime switch cmes with its wn risks.
Researchers lked at hw 62 species f animals n six cntinents changed their behavir in respnse t human activities such as hunting, farming, and develpment. The studies emplyed varius technlgies t fllw the animals, frm GPS trackers t mtin-activated cameras.
Once night falls, the animals surveyed became far mre active than they were befre humans arrived, hunting and lking fr fd in the dark. Fr example, animals that used t split their activity evenly between day and night typically increased their nighttime activity t 68%.
The team als fund the animals respnded similarly t these human encrachments, regardless f whether human activity directly affected them. S, a deer might becme mre active at night simply because it sees humans hiking nearby, nt because it’s being hunted.
The researchers believe these nighttime behavirs nt nly allw humans and animals t cexist mre peacefully, they may be able t give us hints as t hw t plan cnservatin effrts accrdingly, such as limiting human activity during times when a specific species is mre active. But mving t the nightlife culd als have dwnsides fr these animals. A nighttime lifestyle can reduce an animal’s ability t hunt and find fd successfully and can even affect its ability t find a mate. Switching t a nighttime lifestyle can affect natural patterns f life even if these animals are ding s t reduce their interactin with humans. S, just because animals are becming mre active at night desn’t mean they’ve escaped the influence f humans.
14. Why are animals becming mre active at night?
A. It is easier t find fd at night.B. It is easier t escape being hunted.
C They can be less affected by human.D. They have gt used t nightlife.
15. What can we infer frm the furth paragraph?
A. Any human encrachment can affect animals.
B. Animals can be affected nly when being hunted.
C. Deer can get used t nightlife easily.
D. Animals shuld stay away frm humans.
16. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. The benefits and risks f animals’ nightlife style.
B. Animals have their wn ways t get used t life changes.
C. Animals shuld be well prtected befre it is t late.
D. Animals mve t nightlife due t human encrachments.
【答案】14. C 15. A 16. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了随着人类不断侵入野生动物的栖息地，许多动物开始适应夜间生活以避开人类活动带来的威胁。尽管这种适应有助于人与动物的和谐共存，但也会影响动物的捕猎、觅食和配偶交流能力。因此，尽管动物转向夜间生活是一项适应策略，但并不意味着它们完全摆脱了人类的影响。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“As humans encrach (侵入) mre and mre n wildlife habitats, animals are finding that the best way t survive isn’t t pack up and mve — it’s t adapt t the night life. A variety f previusly daytime animals such as fxes, deer and bars have becme active at night t avid human activity ut f fear. (随着人类越来越多地侵占野生动物的栖息地，动物们发现，最好的生存方式不是打包搬家，而是适应夜间生活。许多以前白天活动的动物，如狐狸、鹿和野猪，由于害怕而在夜间活动，以避开人类的活动)”可知，动物在夜间变得更加活跃是因为此时它们受人类的影响较小。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The team als fund the animals respnded similarly t these human encrachments, regardless f whether human activity directly affected them. S, a deer might becme mre active at night simply because it sees humans hiking nearby, nt because it’s being hunted. (研究小组还发现，无论人类活动是否直接影响它们，动物对这些人类侵入的反应都是相似的。所以，鹿在晚上变得更活跃可能只是因为它看到有人在附近徒步旅行，而不是因为它被猎杀)”可知，即使人类活动没有直接影响动物，动物也会尽可能避开人类侵入。由此可知，任何人类侵入都会影响动物。故选A项。
【16题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“As humans encrach (侵入) mre and mre n wildlife habitats, animals are finding that the best way t survive isn’t t pack up and mve — it’s t adapt t the night life. (随着人类越来越多地侵占野生动物的栖息地，动物们发现，最好的生存方式不是打包搬家，而是适应夜间生活)”可知，文章主要围绕随着人类对其栖息地的入侵，许多动物开始适应夜间生活以避开人类活动带来的威胁展开，介绍了相关研究的手段与结果，并讨论了动物的这种转变的利弊以及意义。故选D项。
C
Life in the Internet age is lnely-r is it? That’s what experts in human interactin are debating after a new Stanfrd University survey has been published.
Accrding t the study, the mre time peple spend nline, the less they can spare fr real-life relatinships with family and friends. The researchers asked 113 peple abut the Web’s influence n daily activities, 36% f thse peple are nline fr mre than five hurs a week. “As Internet use becmes mre widespread, it will have an increasingly islating (孤立的) effect n sciety, ” says Rbert Kraut, ne f the researchers.
Schlars and Web lvers criticized the study fr stretching its data t make the “islating” pint. While 13% f regular Web users admitted the lss f time with lved nes, 60% reprted watching less TV. The survey als shws that E-mail is the mst ppular nline activity, If sme f webheads (网虫) spend what was nce passive TV time keeping cmpany with friends via E-mails, “that’s a mve tward greater cnnectedness,” says Paul Resnick, a prfessr at the University f Michigan.
This isn’t the first claim that the Web shuld be criticized. A 1998 reprt mnitred 73 Pittsburgh-area families’ net use fr a year. “Peple wh used the Internet mre talked less t family members and reprted being lnelier and mre depressed,” says Rbert Kraut.
“It’s true that there have been big declines in scial cnnectedness ver the past decades, but thse declines began befre the Internet was invented,” says Thmas Putnam.
As Amitay Etzini says, the Internet gives us a different kind f scial life-nt better r wrse than befre, but just different.
17. The underlined wrd “This” in Para.4 refers t ________.
A. the study cnducted by Stanfrd UniversityB. the survey made by the University f Michigan
C. the cnclusin in a reprt written in 1998D. the pinin expressed in Bwling Alne
18. Frm the passage we learn that ________.
A. watching TV used t take time away frm staying nline
B. 36% f web users spend mre than five hurs a week nline
C. the Web was blamed mre than nce fr causing an islating effect
D. the Web has the same influence as telephnes and televisins
19. The passage mainly discusses ________.
A. hw we can make a better use f the InternetB. whether the Internet causes an islating effect
C. hw declines in scial cnnectedness appearD. what a different life the Internet brings t us
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了对于斯坦福大学进行的一项关于网络是否导致“社会孤立效应”的研究，社会各界展开的讨论。
【17题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段“Accrding t the study, the mre time peple spend nline, the less they can spare fr real-life relatinships with family and friends. The researchers asked 113 peple abut the Web’s influence n daily activities, 36% f thse peple are nline fr mre than five hurs a week. “As Internet use becmes mre widespread, it will have an increasingly islating (孤立的) effect n sciety, ” says Rbert Kraut, ne f the researchers.(根据这项研究，人们花在网上的时间越多，他们在现实生活中与家人和朋友相处的时间就越少。研究人员向113人询问了网络对日常活动的影响，其中36%的人每周上网时间超过5小时。研究人员之一罗伯特•克劳特表示：“随着互联网的使用越来越广泛，它将对社会产生越来越孤立的影响。”)”以及划线词后文“the first claim that the Web shuld be criticized”可知，This指代的是Stanfrd University开展的调查研究。故选A。
【18题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“This isn’t the first claim that the Web shuld be criticized. A 1998 reprt mnitred 73 Pittsburgh-area families’ net use fr a year.(这并不是第一次有人说网络应该受到批评。1998年的一份报告对匹兹堡地区73个家庭一年的网络使用情况进行了监测)”可知，人们不止一次地指责网络造成了孤立效应。故选C。
【19题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Life in the Internet age is lnely-r is it? That’s what experts in human interactin are debating after a new Stanfrd University survey has been published.(互联网时代的生活是孤独的，是吗？在斯坦福大学发表了一项新的调查后，人类互动专家们正在争论这个问题)”结合文章讲述了对于斯坦福大学进行的一项关于网络是否导致“社会孤立效应”的研究，社会各界展开的讨论。即这篇文章主要讨论了互联网是否会造成孤立效应。故选B。
D
Shwrming
One f the biggest challenges facing brick-and-mrtar retailers (实体零售店) in recent years has been the “shwrming”. Driven by the desire t get the best prices, many shppers are nw visiting brick-and-mrtar stres t persnally check n prducts that interest them, nly t leave and then buy the items nline. The new trend is frcing retailers t find ut new ways t keep cnsumers frm leaving their stre fr cheaper prices nline.
Recent research fund that 40 percent f U.S. shppers have shwrmed previusly, with big-bx retailers suffering the mst. Specifically, the study shws that Best Buy, Walmart and Target are the mst likely brick-and-mrtar stres t have shppers test ut a prduct in-stre and then purchase it nline later, while Amazn is benefiting mst frm the practice, with nearly 60 percent f shppers using the nline retail giant (巨人) mst ften t make their shwrming purchases.
Smartphnes have pushed shwrming int the frnt. Shppers n lnger have t wait until they get hme t see if they can find a cheaper price fr the prducts they’re cnsidering buying. With smartphnes, cnsumers can nw cmpare virtual prices, at bth ther brick-and-mrtar stres and nline nes while still inside a retail stre. If they can find what they’re seeking fr less nline, the majrity will be seeking the first exit. A recent study shwed that 45 percent f custmers shpping at brick-and-mrtar stres walk ut and buy their purchase nline fr a discunt f as little as 2.5 percent.
This puts pressure n retailers t prvide bth an in-stre experience wrth staying fr and an nline presence that can attract shppers wh are shwrming in ther businesses.
T cut dwn n shwrming, many retailers are adpting new methds t keep shppers in their stres. Amng the steps they’re taking are price-matching assurances that allw shppers t pay a discunted price if they find it cheaper nline. This ensures that even a shwrming shpper can make the purchase in the stre — regardless f whether they find the cheaper price nline.
Anther ppular methd t fight against shwrming is t give shppers the ability t buy smething nline and pick it up at the stre. This reduces shipping csts and gets custmers in the stre, where they may be encuraged t make an additinal purchase.
It is als imprtant fr businesses t take int cnsideratin what makes shppers purchase smething in-stre rather than nline, and meet thse needs. Research has fund that mre than 8 in 10 Americans cnsider being able t take the gds hme immediately and the ability t tuch and feel them—the mst imprtant aspects when deciding t purchase in a stre rather than nline.
20. What cntributes t the grwing ppularity f shwrming?
A. The wide use f smartphnes.B. The cmpetitin between big stres.
C. The advertisement by nline retail giants.D. The decline f the brick-and-mrtar stres.
21. The underlined wrds “seeking the first exit” in Paragraph 3 prbably mean ______.
A. searching fr lwer pricesB. leaving as sn as pssible
C. lcating the first exit quicklyD. making a purchase n the spt
22. The last three paragraphs mainly talk abut ways f ______.
A. increasing sales at stresB. preventing purchase nline
C. satisfying custmers’ needsD. advising shppers t buy mre
【答案】20. A 21. B 22. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。近年来，实体店面临的最大挑战之一是消费者在实体店体验产品之后，却在网上购买产品。针对此现象，许多零售商开始实施新的策略，以提高销量。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Smartphnes have pushed shwrming int the frnt.(智能手机将展示厅推到了前沿)”可知，智能手机的广泛使用导致了展示厅越来越受欢迎。故选A。
【21题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词后文“A recent study shwed that 45 percent f custmers shpping at brick-and-mrtar stres walk ut and buy their purchase nline fr a discunt f as little as 2.5 percent.(最近的一项研究表明，在实体店购物的顾客中，有45%的人会直接走出去，然后以最低2.5%的折扣在网上购买)”可知，后文的例子表明，如果人们发现他们寻找的东西在网络上的价格更加便宜，大多数人就会尽快离开。故seek the first exit的意思是“尽可能快地离开”，故选B。
【22题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第三段“T cut dwn n shwrming, many retailers are adpting new methds t keep shppers in their stres. Amng the steps they’re taking are price-matching assurances that allw shppers t pay a discunted price if they find it cheaper nline. This ensures that even a shwrming shpper can make the purchase in the stre—regardless f whether they find the cheaper price nline.(为了减少“展示厅”现象，许多零售商正在采用新方法来留住顾客。他们采取的措施之一是价格匹配保证，如果购物者在网上找到更便宜的商品，他们可以支付折扣价。这就保证了即使是展厅里的顾客也能在店内购买——不管他们在网上是否能找到更便宜的价格)”主要讲了为了让顾客留在店里,零售店采取了一个措施：如果顾客发现零售店的东西比网上的贵，就可以享受打折；倒数第二段“Anther ppular methd t fight against shwrming is t give shppers the ability t buy smething nline and pick it up at the stre. This reduces shipping csts and gets custmers in the stre, where they may be encuraged t make an additinal purchase.(另一种对抗“展厅现象”的流行方法是让购物者能够在网上购买商品，然后到实体店取货。这降低了运输成本，并吸引顾客进入商店，在那里他们可能会被鼓励进行额外的购买)”主要讲了零售店允许顾客在网上购买，在实体店提货。本文最后一段“It is als imprtant fr businesses t take int cnsideratin what makes shppers purchase smething in-stre rather than nline, and meet thse needs. Research has fund that mre than 8 in 10 Americans cnsider being able t take the gds hme immediately and the ability t tuch and feel them—the mst imprtant aspects when deciding t purchase in a stre rather than nline.(同样重要的是，企业要考虑到是什么让消费者在实体店而不是网上购买商品，并满足这些需求。研究发现，超过八成的美国人认为，在决定在实体店而不是网上购物时，能立即把商品带回家，并能触摸和感受它们是最重要的因素)”主要讲了顾客能够立刻感受和触摸到商品是实体零售店的一大优势。综上所述，本文最后三段主要讲了增加实体零售店的销量的方法。故选A。
第二节(共 5 题;每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The British are knwn fr their sense f humr. Hwever, it is ften difficult fr freigners t understand their jkes. ____23____.
Understatement means saying less than yu think r feel. Fr example, if smene gets very wet in a shwer f rain, he might say, “It’s a little damp utside.” Or, if smene is very implite and shuts at anther persn, smene else might say, “She isn’t exactly friendly.” ____24____. Understatement plays an imprtant part in British humr.
____25____. They ften laugh abut the silly and unpleasant things that happen t their daily life when smene accidentally falls ver in the street. They als like t make jkes abut peple frm different classes f sciety. ____26____. What’s mre, the British lve t watch cmedies abut peple wh d nt knw hw t behave in sciety. The cmedy series Mr. Bean is a gd example f this kind f humr.
Mr. Bean is a character created by British actr Rwan Atkinsn in 1990. Mr. Bean desn’t talk ften and instead he uses his bdy mvement and facial expressins t make peple laugh. Perhaps what makes Mr. Bean s funny is that he des things that adults in the real wrld cannt d. Mr. Bean is ppular in many cuntries arund the wrld because yu d nt have t speak English t understand the humr. ____27____.
A. The main pint t remember is that the British ften use understatement
B. Because f this, many peple have becme familiar with the British sense f humr
C. The reasns fr the success and ppularity f British cmedy are interesting t explre
D. They like t make jkes abut their accents, the way they dress and the way they behave
E. Understatement is ften used in an unpleasant situatin r t make anther persn lk silly
F. Anther area that might be difficult fr freigners t get when it cmes t British cmedy is “wrd play”
G. Anther key t understand the British humr is that the British like t make fun f themselves as well as thers
【答案】23. A 24. E 25. G 26. D 27. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了英国人的幽默特点以及如何理解英式幽默。
【23题详解】
根据上文“The British are knwn fr their sense f humr. Hwever, it is ften difficult fr freigners t understand their jkes.(英国人以幽默感著称。然而，外国人往往很难理解他们的笑话)”和第二段段首“Understatement means saying less than yu think r feel. (轻描淡写的意思是说得比你想的或感觉的少)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文说明如何理解英国人的幽默感，并引出下文对“轻描淡写”的解释。A选项“要记住的重点是，英国人经常轻描淡写”符合语境，故选A。
【24题详解】
根据上文“Fr example, if smene gets very wet in a shwer f rain, he might say, “It’s a little damp utside.” Or, if smene is very implite and shuts at anther persn, smene else might say, “She isn’t exactly friendly.”(例如，如果某人在阵雨中被淋湿了，他可能会说，“外面有点潮湿”或者，如果某人非常不礼貌，对另一个人大喊大叫，其他人可能会说，“她不是很友好。”)”以及后文“Understatement plays an imprtant part in British humr.(轻描淡写在英式幽默中起着重要作用)”可知，本句主要是在说明英国人的幽默感“轻描淡写”应用的场合，后文介绍其作用。故E选项“轻描淡写通常用于不愉快的场合，或者让别人看起来很傻”符合语境，故选E。
【25题详解】
根据后文“They ften laugh abut the silly and unpleasant things that happen t their daily life when smene accidentally falls ver in the street. They als like t make jkes abut peple frm different classes f sciety.(当有人在街上不小心摔倒时，他们经常嘲笑日常生活中发生的愚蠢和不愉快的事情。他们还喜欢开不同社会阶层的人的玩笑)”可知，本段主要是在说明英国喜欢取笑的对象。故G选项“理解英式幽默的另一个关键是，英国人既喜欢取笑别人，也喜欢取笑自己”符合语境，故选G。
【26题详解】
根据上文“They ften laugh abut the silly and unpleasant things that happen t their daily life when smene accidentally falls ver in the street. They als like t make jkes abut peple frm different classes f sciety.(当有人在街上不小心摔倒时，他们经常嘲笑日常生活中发生的愚蠢和不愉快的事情。他们还喜欢开不同社会阶层的人的玩笑)”以及后文“What’s mre, the British lve t watch cmedies abut peple wh d nt knw hw t behave in sciety. The cmedy series Mr. Bean is a gd example f this kind f humr.(更重要的是，英国人喜欢看关于不知道如何在社会中表现的人的喜剧。喜剧系列《憨豆先生》就是这种幽默的一个很好的例子)”可知，本句与后文都是就英国人喜欢嘲笑的内容进行说明。故D选项“他们喜欢拿自己的口音、穿着和行为开玩笑”符合语境，故选D。
【27题详解】
根据上文“Mr. Bean is a character created by British actr Rwan Atkinsn in 1990. Mr. Bean desn’t talk ften and instead he uses his bdy mvement and facial expressins t make peple laugh. Perhaps what makes Mr. Bean s funny is that he des things that adults in the real wrld cannt d. Mr. Bean is ppular in many cuntries arund the wrld because yu d nt have t speak English t understand the humr.(憨豆先生是英国演员罗文·阿特金森于1990年创作的一个角色。憨豆先生不经常说话，而是用他的肢体动作和面部表情来逗人们笑。也许憨豆先生之所以如此有趣，是因为他做了现实世界中成年人做不到的事情。憨豆先生在世界上许多国家都很受欢迎，因为你不必说英语就能理解其中的幽默)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，故总结上文憨豆先生对英国幽默的影响。故B选项“正因为如此，许多人已经熟悉了英国人的幽默感”符合语境，故选B。
第三部分：书面表达(共四节，51 分)
第一节：阅读表达(共 4 小题 12 分;第 28、29 题各 2 分，第 30 题 3 分，第31 题 5 分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Many animals and plants are endangered in the wrld tday. These endangered species are threatened with becming extinct, meaning they will n lnger exist n Earth. Examples include the Cuban Macaw and the Sri Lankan Legume Tree. Hunting, and cllecting f the Macaw bird fr pets, led t its extinctin. While the main reasn the native Sri Lankan Legume Tree went extinct was due t habitat lss frm develpment in the 20th century. The main cause fr animals and plants disappearing is ften a disruptin t the fd chain due t hunting, habitat lss r even the intrductin f invasive (入侵的) species.
Every living thing frm ne-celled animals t a blue whale needs t eat. Nature is cnnected and cntrlled by many fragile fd chains. A fd chain describes wh eats whm in a habitat. When ne f the links in a fd chain is n lnger present — fr example, a species ges extinct — the fd chain breaks and smetimes this can cause ther animals t disappear and the whle system can becme imbalanced r even cllapsed.
Humans can have disastrus effects n fd chains. When peple first explred the wrld they tk animal and plant species frm their hme cuntries t the places they explred and settled in. They did nt realise the results f intrducing invasive species. By ding s, they were disrupting the natural fd chains f the areas they explred.
Nwadays there are strict rules cntrlling the mvement f animals and plants between cuntries. But sme parts f the wrld are still experiencing prblems with invasive species intrduced hundreds f years ag.
With rising awareness f hw we affect the natural envirnment, hpefully we can learn t prtect these fd chains and help them t thrive. Otherwise the cntinued lss f species will eventually mean ur wn extinctin.
28. What is a fd chain?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
29. What may cause a disruptin t the fd chain?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
30. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
●Due t strict rules cntrlling the mvement f species between cuntries we have slved the prblem with invasive species.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
31. What can yu d t help prtect fd chains as an individual?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】28. A fd chain describes wh eats whm in a habitat.
29. Hunting, habitat lss r even the intrductin f invasive species.
30. Due t strict rules cntrlling the mvement f species between cuntries, we have slved the prblem with invasive species. Accrding t the passage, sme parts f the wrld are still experiencing prblems with invasive species intrduced hundreds f years ag.
31. I will fllw the rules cntrlling the mvement f animals and plants between cuntries. I will nt take animal and plant species t my destinatin when travelling abrad, r buy any invasive species nline. I’ll als pst articles and vides nline t get mre peple aware f the imprtance f prtecting fd chains.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了食物链的含义、对食物链造成破坏的原因以及食物链中断造成的影响。
【28题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“A fd chain describes wh eats whm in a habitat.(食物链描述的是在一个栖息地谁吃谁)”可知，食物链描述了一个栖息地中谁吃谁。故答案为A fd chain describes wh eats whm in a habitat.
【29题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段“The main cause fr animals and plants disappearing is ften a disruptin t the fd chain due t hunting, habitat lss r even the intrductin f invasive (入侵的) species.(动植物消失的主要原因往往是由于狩猎、栖息地丧失，甚至是入侵物种的引入而导致的食物链中断)”可知，狩猎、栖息地丧失甚至入侵物种的引入对食物链造成破坏。故答案为Hunting, habitat lss r even the intrductin f invasive species.
【30题详解】
考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“But sme parts f the wrld are still experiencing prblems with invasive species intrduced hundreds f years ag.(但世界上的一些地区仍然面临着数百年前引入的入侵物种的问题)”可知，错误部分为“we have slved the prblem with invasive species”。根据这篇文章，世界上的一些地区仍然面临着数百年前引入的入侵物种的问题。故答案为Due t strict rules cntrlling the mvement f species between cuntries, we have slved the prblem with invasive species. Accrding t the passage, sme parts f the wrld are still experiencing prblems with invasive species intrduced hundreds f years ag.
【31题详解】
考查开放题。根据“作为个人，你能做些什么来帮助保护食物链？”可回答：我将遵守控制国与国之间动植物流动的规则。在国外旅游时，我不会将动植物物种带到目的地，也不会在网上购买任何入侵物种。我也会在网上发布文章和视频，让更多的人意识到保护食物链的重要性。故答案为I will fllw the rules cntrlling the mvement f animals and plants between cuntries. I will nt take animal and plant species t my destinatin when travelling abrad, r buy any invasive species nline. I’ll als pst articles and vides nline t get mre peple aware f the imprtance f prtecting fd chains.
第二节：词汇知识运用(共 12 小题;每小题 1 分，共 12 分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从框中选择合适的单词或词组，用其正确形式填空，并将答案书写在答题卡相应位置。
The measures were effective. Up t nw, the antelpe ppulatin ____32____ and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelpe ____33____ frm the endangered species list. The gvernment, hwever, des nt ____34____ t stp the prtectin prgrammes, since the ____35____ t the Tibetan antelpe have nt yet disappeared.
【答案】32. has recvered
33. was remved
34. intend 35. threats
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了保护藏羚羊的措施已经有了成效。
【32题详解】
考查时态。句意：截至目前，羚羊数量已有所恢复，并于2015年6月将藏羚羊从濒危物种名录中除名。由up t nw可知，句子描述从过去到现在已经发生的事，应用现在完成时，此处表示“恢复”，应用动词recver，且主语the antelpe ppulatin，谓语动词应用单数，故填has recvered。
【33题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：截至目前，羚羊数量已有所恢复，并于2015年6月将藏羚羊从濒危物种名录中除名。此处在and后面的句子中作谓语，由in June 2015可知，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，此处表示“移除”，应用动词remve，主语the Tibetan antelpe和动词remve是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是the Tibetan antelpe，be动词应用was，故填was remved。
【34题详解】
考查动词。句意：然而，政府并不打算停止保护计划，因为藏羚羊面临的威胁尚未消失。此处表示“打算”，为动词intend，由des nt可知，应用动词原形，故填intend。
【35题详解】
考查名词。句意：然而，政府并不打算停止保护计划，因为藏羚羊面临的威胁尚未消失。此处表示“威胁”，应用名词threat作主语，由have和句意可知，“威胁”不止一个，应用复数形式，故填threats。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从框中选择合适的单词或词组，用其正确形式填空，并将答案书写在答题卡相应位置。
Jan Tchamani, an English teacher in Birmingham, UK, suddenly develped a serius illness and had t quit her jb. At age 50, she fund herself ut f wrk and ____36____ at hme with nly her cmputer t ____37____. After a while, she discvered that ____38____ the Internet culd help her feel less lnely and bred. She culd listen t music, watch films, play games, and explre the wrld. She als jined an nline grup where she culd talk abut her prblems and get supprt and advice frm thers. She realised that ne f the greatest benefits f the Internet was its ability t remve the ____39____ that usually exists between peple.
【答案】36. stuck
37. keep her cmpany
38. surfing
39. distance
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。英国伯明翰的英语老师Jan Tchamani因病辞职，50岁的她在家中只有电脑相伴。后来，她发现上网能缓解孤独和无聊，可以听音乐、看电影、玩游戏和探索世界。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：50岁时，她发现自己失业了，只能呆在家里，只有电脑陪伴着她。根据上文“ut f wrk”和“at hme with nly her cmputer”可推知，她失业了，只能呆在家里，用动词stick作宾语补足语，表明其逻辑主语herself的状态，用形容词stuck，意为“被困住的”。故填stuck。
【37题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：50岁时，她发现自己失业了，只能呆在家里，只有电脑陪伴着她。根据上文“with nly her cmputer”可知，她只有电脑陪伴，用动词短语keep smebdy cmpany，意为“陪伴某人”，在不定式符号t后用动词原形，宾语用宾格代词her。故填keep her cmpany。
38题详解】
考查动词。句意：过了一段时间，她发现上网可以帮助她感觉不那么孤独和无聊。根据下文“She culd listen t music, watch films, play games, and explre the wrld.”可推知，她学会了上网，用动词surf，意为“上网；冲浪”；surf the Internet作从句主语，用动名词surfing。故填surfing。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：她意识到互联网最大的好处之一是它能够消除人与人之间通常存在的距离。根据上文“She als jined an nline grup where she culd talk abut her prblems and get supprt and advice frm thers.”可推知，互联网消除了人与人之间的距离；用名词distance作宾语，意为“距离”。故填distance。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从框中选择合适的单词或词组，用其正确形式填空，并将答案书写在答题卡相应位置。
Finally, in the 20th century, the suthern part f Ireland ____40____ the UK, which _____41_____ the full name we have tday: the United Kingdm f Great Britain and Nrthern Ireland. Mst peple just use the _____42_____ name: “the United Kingdm” r “the UK”. Peple frm the UK are called “British”, which means the UK is als ften _____43_____ as Britain r Great Britain.
【答案】40. brke away frm
41. resulted in
42. shrtened
43. referred t
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了英国的全称。
【40题详解】
考查短语和时态。句意：最终，在20世纪，爱尔兰南部脱离了英国，这就有了我们今天的全称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。此处表示“脱离”，为动词短语break away frm，由in the 20th century可知，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填brke away frm。
【41题详解】
考查短语和时态。句意：最终，在20世纪，爱尔兰南部脱离了英国，这就有了我们今天的全称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。此处表示“导致”，为动词短语result in，由句意可知，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填resulted in。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：大多数人只使用缩写名称：“the United Kingdm”或“the UK”。根据句意可知，此处表示“缩短”，应用动词shrten，且在句中作定语，修饰name，应用非谓语动词形式，动词shrten和name是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语，故填shrtened。
【43题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：来自英国的人被称为“British”，这意味着英国也经常被称为英国或大不列颠。此处指“被称为”，为短语be referred t as，故填referred t。
第三节：完成句子(共 6 小题;每小题 2 分，共 12 分)
请根据所给的汉语，用括号内所给出的提示词完成句子。请将答案书写在答题卡相应位置。
44. 这是面向中学生的新杂志。（target）
This is a new magazine _________________.
【答案】that is targeted at middle schl students/which is targeted at middle schl students/targeted at middle schl students
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和时态。“面向”为“be targeted at ”，“中学生”为“middle schl students”，“杂志（magazine）”作为定语从句的先行词，指物并在从句中作主语，使用关系代词that或which引导定语从句，根据“This is a new magazine ”可知，从句使用一般现在时，从句表达为that/which is targeted at middle schl students；可以省略“that is”或“which is”，即过去分词短语作后置定语修饰 magazine，故填that is targeted at middle schl students/which is targeted at middle schl students/targeted at middle schl students。
45. 大火后，科学家们开始对袋鼠栖息地消失感到担忧。(cncern)
After fire, scientists _________________ the lss f habitat f kangars.
【答案】started t be cncerned abut
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。表示“开始”应用start t d sth.，结合语境可知，描述过去发生的事，为一般过去时；表示“感到担忧”短语为be cncerned abut。故填started t be cncerned abut。
46. 许多贫困地区的孩子没有机会接触到互联网。(access)
Many children in pr areas _________________ .
【答案】dn’t have access t the Internet
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。表示“接触”短语为have access t，后跟the Internet作宾语。此处陈述事实用一般现在时，且为否定陈述句。故填dn’t have access t the Internet。
47. 几年前，Bb 负责掌管这家公司。(charge)
A few years ag, Bb _________________ .
【答案】tk charge f the cmpany##was in charge f the cmpany
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和固定短语。“负责”为“take charge f”或“be in charge f”，“这家公司”为“the cmpany”，由“a few years ag”可知，谓语动词使用一般过去时，主语Bb为单数意义，故填tk charge f the cmpany或者was in charge f the cmpany。
48. 他决定采用一种不同的方法来解决这个问题。(apprach)
He decided _________________ t slve the prblem.
【答案】t adpt/take a different apprach
【解析】
【详解】考查动词、形容词和名词。对比中英文可知，空处表示“采用一种不同的方法”，“采用”可用动词adpt或take，“一种不同的方法”可用名词短语a different apprach，且此处用decide t d sth.表示“决定做某事”，adpt或take需用不定式的形式，作宾语。故填t adpt/take a different apprach。
49. 今年的奖项已经被颁发给了 4 名表现突出的学生。(award)
The prizes this year _________________fur students fr their utstanding wrk.
【答案】have (already) been awarded t
【解析】
【详解】考查时态语态。表示“颁发”应用动词award，“颁发某物给某人”是award smething t smebdy，award与主语构成被动关系，此处表示过去发生的动作对现在产生影响用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为prizes ，助动词用have。故填have (already) been awarded t。
第四节：作文(共 1 小题，15 分)
50. 假如你是红星中学的李华，你看到一个海外网站在征集利用网络宣扬各国文化的建议稿。请你发邮件说明你的建议。主要内容包括：
1. 推荐一个中国文化的代表(人物、城市、历史古迹、文物…等);
2. 提出如何利用网络宣扬的具体建议。
注意：1. 词数 100 左右;
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Editr,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Editr,
I’m writing t ffer sme suggestins t prmte Chinese culture nline.
In my pinin, Cnfucius stands fr Chinese culture, because his philsphy has a deep influence n ur law, life, and especially in educatin. Many f his teaching methds, which prmte the cmbinatin f learning and thinking, are still f great imprtance in practice tday.
T spread Chinese culture, we can build a bilingual website t intrduce Cnfucius and his famus sayings. In this way, even freigners can appreciate Cnfucius better. Besides, we can invite sme influential vlggers t Temple f Cnfucius t sht sme vides, which is als a vivid way t stir up thers’ interest in Chinese culture. Mrever, it’s a gd idea t create an app which keeps every user updated n the latest activities abut Cnfucius.
Hpe my advice can get mre peple learn abut Chinese culture.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生发邮件向一个征集利用网络宣扬各国文化的海外网站说明你的建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：advice/suggestin→tip
影响：influence→impact
重要：be f great imprtance→imprtant
方法：methd→way/apprach
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：T spread Chinese culture, we can build a bilingual website t intrduce Cnfucius and his famus sayings.
拓展句：We can build a bilingual website t intrduce Cnfucius and his famus sayings, which can spread Chinese culture.
【点睛】[高分句型1] In my pinin, Cnfucius stands fr Chinese culture, because his philsphy has a deep influence n ur law, life, and especially in educatin. (运用了because引导原因状语从句)
[高分句型2] Many f his teaching methds, which prmte the cmbinatin f learning and thinking, are still f great imprtance in practice tday. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)distance; remve; break away frm; intend; eager; result in; surf; refer t; shrt; keep smebdy cmpany; recver; threat; stick
distance; remve; break away frm; intend; eager; result in; surf; refer t; shrt; keep smebdy cmpany; recver; threat; stick
distance; remve; break away frm; intend; eager; result in; surf; refer t; shrt; keep smebdy cmpany; recver; threat; stick
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