新高考英语二轮复习讲练测专题04 阅读理解之猜测词义题（练习）（2份打包，原卷版+解析版）

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TOC \ "1-1" \p " " \h \z \u \l "_Tc148019150" 猜测词义 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
一、（最新模拟）阅读理解之猜测词义---猜测单词的意思-------------------------------------------------------------------2
二、（最新模拟题）阅读理解之猜测词义---猜测短语意思------------------------------------------------------------------5
三、（最新模拟题）阅读理解之猜测词义---猜测代词词义-----------------------------------------------------------------8
四、（最新模拟题）阅读理解之猜测词义---猜测句子意思---------------------------------------------------------------11
五、高考真题-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------13
04 阅读理解之猜测词义
最新模拟演练
一、阅读理解之猜测词义---单词的意思
1.（2024·浙江省稽阳联谊学校高三上学期11月联考）
The cncept f bypassing grund transprtatin by air isn’t new. Helicpter taxi service already exists in cities like New Yrk, where a flight can smetimes be cmparable t r cheaper than the cst f a ride-share frm an airprt int Manhattan.
29．What des the underlined wrd “bypass” in paragraph 5 mean?
A．Avid.B．Cnduct.C．Restrict.D．Cntrl.
2.（2024·浙江省强基联盟高三上学期12月联考）
Sperm whales have cmplex scial grups. When a familiar yung male rejined his family, researchers seized the chance t recrd their sunds. Fr tw decades, scientists dcumented tw sperm whale grups, capturing their clicking sunds. After manually decding sme sunds, they turned t AI fr faster translatin. Using a neural (神经的) netwrk, the team trained it t discern individual whales frm a subset f sunds. Next, their ambitius gal is t train a cmputer t speak whale.
29．What des the underlined wrd “discern” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Train.B．Recgnize.C．Recrd.D．Prtect.
3.（2024·浙江省县域教研联盟高三上学期12月月考）
After the plane landed, I immediately read the critique myself, which was harsh and thrugh, pinting ut several fundamental flaws in ur methds and in the basic data. The fallut was swift and intense. I received a fld f emails and messages. Sme were frm supprtive clleagues, but many were harshly critical f my wrk.I was depressed, wndering what this wuld mean fr my career.
25．What des the underlined wrd “fallut” in paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A．Cnsequence.B．Cnflict.C．Slutin.D．Shame.
4. （2024·湖南省湘东九校第一次联考试题一模）
Experts in the Ljubljana Manifest recrd the demerits f digital reading: “Recent studies f varius kinds indicate a decline f critical and cnscius reading, slw reading, nn-strategic reading and lng-frm reading.” When yu read a bk n paper, yu can be entirely inside the experience, absrb hundreds f pages f details thrughly and begin t capture the wrld’s cmplexity. Online, says Maryanne Wlf f UCLA, we are “skimming, scanning, scrlling”. The medium is the message: ding deep reading n yur phne is as hard as playing tennis with yur phne. Recently, a bright 11-year-ld tld me I was wasting time n bks: he absrbed mre infrmatin faster frm Wikipedia. He had a pint. But digital readers als absrb mre misinfrmatin and seldm absrb fine perspectives.
10．What des the underlined wrd “demerits” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Effects.B．Depths.C．Features.D．Drawbacks.
5.（2024·广西壮族自治区广西贵港市、百色市、河池市高三上学期三模联考）
I dn’t nly avid (避免) thse “if nly” mments when it cmes t safety. it’s equally imprtant t avid “if nly” in ur persnal relatinships. We all knw peple wh lst a lved ne and regretted that they had fregne an pprtunity t say, “I lve yu” r “I frgive yu.” When my father annunced he was ging t the eye dctr acrss frm my ffice n Gd Friday, I tld him that it was a hliday fr my cmpany and I wuldn’t be here. But then I thught abut the fact that he’s 84 years ld and I realized that I shuldn’t give up an pprtunity t see him. I called him and tld him I had decided t g t wrk n my day ff after all.
6．Which wrd(s) can best replace the underlined wrd “fregne” in Paragraph 3?
A．given up.B．Lacked.C．Avided.D．Wasted.
6. （2024·河北省保定市保定部分高中高三上学期12月期中）
While the instructr cntrlled the sessins, the rbt, triggered by the instructr, tk ver at certain times t lead the students. Besides intrducing the sessin, the rbt set gals and prvided self-regulating strategies, if necessary. If the learning prcess was getting ff-track, the rbt used strategies such as games, riddles, jkes, breathing exercises and physical mvements t redirect the students back t the task.
Which f the fllwing can best replace the underlined part “triggered” in paragraph 5?
A．picked upB．set ffC．taken utD．brught in
7. （2024•江苏省南京市六校高三上学期11月期中联合调研）
Their 14-year-ld sn, Mike, is a prdigy. He is a member f Mensa, which is the wrld’s tp IQ club. He cmpleted his high schl, assciate’s and bachelr’s degrees all in three years. That’s nt all. He als ran tw tech cmpanies, funded a third ne that wrks twards cntrlling the ppulatin f linfish, an invasive (入侵的) species.
What d the underlined wrds “a prdigy” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A．A gifted persn.B．A famus student.
C．A brilliant bilgist.D．A successful businessman.
8. （2024•江西省高一上学期11月期中）
The German chancellr als expressed cnfidence in his cuntry’s strengths. “There is n questin abut the internatinal cmpetitiveness f Germany as a car cuntry,” he said, adding that “Germany is still the linchpin f the aut industry and will remain s.”
What des the underlined wrd in the sixth paragraph mean?
A．serius prblemB．nticeable weakness
C．angry cnsumerD．key rle
9. （2024•四川省雅安市联考高三上学期12月联考）
“Our research shws a significant link between air pllutin and diabetes glbally,” said Ziyad Al-Aly, MD, the study’s senir authr and an assistant prfessr f medicine at the University f Washingtn. “We fund an increased risk, even at lw levels f air pllutin currently cnsidered safe by the US Envirnmental Prtectin Agency (EPA) and the Wrld Health Organizatin (WHO). This is imprtant because many industry lbbying (游说) grups argue that current levels are t stringent and shuld be relaxed. Evidence shws that current levels are still nt sufficiently safe and need t be tightened.”
What des the underlined wrd “stringent” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Strict.B．Slight.
C．Bright.D．Ordinary.
10. （2024•黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市高三上学期11月月考）
The issue has resulted in the French gvernment expressing their attitude, and Apple is nt the nly manufacturer under scrutiny. Other brands such as Samsung and Mtrla all have mdels which exceed the natinal limit. In fact, ver 50 phne mdels acrss the majr tech cmpany sphere are included in the list by French technlgy watchdgs, with flagship prducts such as the Samsung Galaxy Nte 10 and Mtrla Edge all under scrutiny.
Which can replace the underlined wrd “scrutiny” in paragraph 6?
A．Examinatin.B．Develpment.C．Instructin.D．Budget.
二、阅读理解之猜测词义---猜测短语意思
1.（2024•江西省部分地区高三上学期11月期中）
If yu want t lse weight, the key is t develp a calric deficit in which yu burn calries mre than what yu’re cnsuming. But eating high calrie fatty fd regularly can make this a hard nut. “Yu are vercnsuming calries and will have t d mre exercise than a persn can sustain n a lng-term basis,” Carriker said.
Which is clsest in meaning t “hard nut” underlined in paragraph 3?
A．Disrder.B．Target.C．Trend.D．Challenge.
2. （2024•湖北省武昌实验中学高三上学期12月月考）
Anna Steed desn’t lk much lder than her students, but she is a practitiner f behaviral and mtivatinal science, a shulder t cry n, and the high schl debate cach. Her class, which began as an elective class t give students expsure t skills that prepare them fr cllege, has becme the class n campus that creates winners.
Speech and debate test the teenage character perhaps mre than any ther activity. The shy and the unsure ften have n desire t lk up frm their screens and engage in the ldest human interactin: persuasive ral arguments. It’s dreadful territry fr the average teenager. Research, writing, delivering a speech in frnt f yur peers --it all sunds like the kind f class students wuld be mst likely t skip. But Anna draws them in.
Classrm 161 is always full. Anna’s debate teams have a case full f medals; mst imprtantly, they have gne n t becme leaders f their cmmunities and examples t their families.
“This activity has changed my life. Just building cnnectins with peple I never, ever imagined building cnnectins with,” relates Alexander Hernandez Gnzalez. Alexander suffered frm scial anxiety thrughut his childhd. Then he discvered debate as a freshman, and it changed his life.
What drives yung peple t stand up and passinately deliver a speech in frnt f a crwd full f strangers, a panel f judges and ppsing teams frm mre privileged high schls? The persn wh will always have their back: Anna Steed.
“I want them t just have the memry f making it thrugh, succeeding in a place like that and expressing a stry that leaves that place better,” Anna says.
That better place begins in rm 161 when unsure and nervus students enter fr the first time. After setbacksand adjustments, a lt f hugs, encuragement, and hurs f late-night study and practice, they rll ut a few years later with their shulders back and a full tank f cnfidence, ready t take n the next stage f life.
What d the underlined wrds “that place” in paragraph 6 refer t?
A．Anna’s class.B．The privileged classrm
C．Unfamiliar territry.D．The next stage f life.
3. （2024•上海市松江区高三上学期期末质量监控）
Every summer, as a child, I spent with my parents the annual family hliday, flying away frm ur hme in the West Midlands t their birthplace in Ireland.
I enjyed it, but nce, I behaved differently and left hme. Package turs and lng-distance flights became my idea f a hliday. I then went and ran int an Englishman wh als came f Irish stck, and we bth felt the urge t renew ur knwledge f Ireland.
It was imprtant fr us t discver smething different frm ur childhd visits. S that’s hw we came t drive alng the winding St Jhn’s Pint Peninsula (半岛) in Dnegal, part f Ireland’s Wild Atlantic Way, t visit a unique part f the 20th-century histry — the Dnegal Crridr.
When anyne drives t the pint where the land runs ut, he sees giant white stnes fixed firmly in green grass spelling ut “EIRE” and “70”, while the Atlantic wind fiercely blws acrss the headland and the ice-white waves smash int the rcks belw. The meaning behind the stnes? They date back t the Secnd Wrld War when St Jhn’s Pint was number 70 in a ttal f 83 Lk Out Pints (LOPs), bservatin statins set up and maintained by Ireland all arund its cast.
There lies a bit f curius UK-Ireland histry. Althugh Ireland was fficially neutral during the war, the Battle f the Atlantic was being fught clse t Irish shres, and these LOPs, staffed by lcal vlunteers knwn as Cast watchers, passed n infrmatin n activities cnnected with the sea and weather frnts t Lndn.
At St Jhn’s Pint, we were standing right under the Dnegal Crridr, a lng narrw area f airspace in which Ireland ensured safe passage during Wrld War II t planes in the RAF (Ryal Air Frce) frm bases in the UK-gverned Nrth f Ireland. The stne markings acted as reference pints t aircrews.
Standing n this rugh area f land surrunded by the wild and windy cean brught hme t us the cnditins in which the Cast watchers and aircrews in the RAF cperated in a shared histry.
I revlted against my family traditin that summer, and I fulfilled my aim f discvering smething new and absrbed all Dnegal has t ffer: empty glden beaches, mysterius ancient stne circles, flk music and crafts, and tasty fd. I had fallen in lve with Ireland all ver again.
The expressin “revlted against” in the last paragraph is clsest in meaning t __________.
A．wrried abutB．passed nC．celebratedD．disbeyed
4. （2024•福建省厦门双十中学高三上学期12月月考）
In the late 1940s, dctrs were wrried. Britain, like many rich cuntries, was suffering frm an “epidemic” f heart disease and n ne knew why. Varius hyptheses, such as stress, were suggested; but ne thing that was nt exercising researchers was exercise. The idea that health and exercise were linked “wasn’t the accepted fact that we knw tday”, says Nick Wareham, a prfessr f epidemilgy at Cambridge University. Sme even felt that “t much physical activity was a bad thing fr yur health”. Miners and farmers wh did physical exercise als suffered frm varius diseases and died yung.
What des the underlined part “exercising researchers” in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A．Encuraging researchers t wrk ut.B．Helping with researchers’ inquiry.
C．Hld back researchers’ prgress.D．Drawing researchers’ attentin.
5. （2024•江苏省马坝高级中学高三上学期10月学情调研测试）
Since there was usually nt enugh time fr a bystander pig t becme invlved in the heat f a cnflict, thugh this did ccur, Dr Nrscia lked at what happened in the three minutes immediately fllwing a fight. Smetimes, he fund, the fighters were recnciled with each ther n their wn. The mre distantly related the fighters were, the mre frequently this happened. Dr Nrscia guessed that relatins between clse relatives are mre secure t start with, s rebuilding friendly relatins rapidly is less necessary fr them.
What des the underlined wrd “were recnciled” prbably mean in paragraph 4?
A．Lked upB．Made up.C．Kept in tuch.D．Figured ut.
6. （2024•山东省滨州市惠民县高三上学期期中）
Artificial Intelligence (AI) advice is as influential as humans’, but psitive crwd views still verpwer.
In a study, researchers fund that machines that make recmmendatins r AI experts were as influential as human experts when the AI experts recmmended which pht users shuld add t their nline business prfiles. Hwever, bth AI and human experts failed t budge them if the feedback f bth AI and human experts was negative and went against ppular views amng ther users, said Sundar, a prfessr f Media Effects.
What d the underlined wrds “budge them” in paragraph 2 mean？
A．Raise users’ spirits.B．Satisfy users’ needs.
C．Change users’ ideas.D．Fire users’ imaginatin.
7. （2024•上海市长宁区英语高三上学期一模）
When I vlunteered as a scial wrker at a dmestic vilence shelter in a develping cuntry, I imagined the psitin fr which my university experience had prepared me. I imagined cnducting intake interviews and walking arund frm rganizatin t rganizatin seeking supprt that the wmen wuld need t rebuild their lives. When I arrived, I felt as if I already had mnths f experience, experience gained in the hypthetical situatins I had invented and subsequently reslved single-handedly. I felt thrughly prepared t tackle the situatin I assumed was waiting fr me.
I arrived full f zeal. Within mments, my reality made a sharp break frm which I had expected. The crdinatr explained that the shelter’s need fr financial self-sufficiency had becme bvius. T address this, the center was planning t pen a bakery. I immediately enthused abut the prject, making many references t the small enterprise case studies I had researched at the university. In respnse t my impassined reply, the crdinatr declared me in charge f the bakery. At that mment, I was as prepared t bake bread as I was t run fr plitical ffice. The bigger prblem, hwever, was that I was cmpletely unfamiliar with the fr-prfit business mdels necessary t run the bakery. I was ut f my depth in a freign river with nly my crdinatr’s cnfidence t keep me aflat.
The statement that the authr arrived “full f zeal” indicates that she was_____________.
A．anxius and insecureB．cnfident but uninfrmed
C．eager and interestedD．enthusiastic but incmpetent
三、阅读理解之猜测词义---猜测代词词义
1. （2024•江苏省淮阴中学、姜堰中学、徐州一中高三上学期12月联考）
Califrnia is speeding up the launch f its rbtaxi. Cars withut drivers are already becming a cmmn sight n San Francisc’s winding and fggy streets with a lt f hills. But they’ve been limited in their areas and time f peratin, and in sme cases have had human safety mnitrs n bard. Last week, Califrnia fficials vted t remve mst restrictins fr the tw leading self-driving car cmpanies, Waym and Cruise, letting them charge fr rides anywhere in the city 24/7. It’s a critical mment fr the industry, which has grwn t mre than 40 cmpanies reaching millins f miles n public rads every year.
If this is the future, it’s still a tugh nut in prgress. One San Francisc driverless vehicle rlled int an active fire scene and prevented firefighters frm carrying ut their wrk. Others have stpped dead in the middle f traffic. There were 93 reprted traffic incidents invlving rbtaxis in March alne. Califrnia regulatrs shuldn’t be giving rbtaxis a free pass. Driverless cars culd make a difference t the city streets the way gas-pwered autmbiles did a century ag. The bjectin t driverless cars has been similar, t. In San Francisc, ne activist grup has begun cning self-driving taxis—placing a simple range cne (圆锥体) n the metal cver f the engine, which seems t “paralyze” an autnmus vehicle.
What des “this” refer t in the secnd paragraph?
A．Restrictins will be cancelled fr the self-driving cars.
B．Francisc’ streets will be upgraded by Califrnia regulatrs.
C．Rbtaxis will be in full wings in Califrnia arund the clck.
D．Millins f miles n public rads will be mnitred every year.
2. （2024·湖南省长沙市第一中学高三上学期月考卷（四））
CellOT is a grundbreaking apprach that identifies the distinct reactins individual cells within a larger ppulatin can have t a drug. The average respnse f a cell ppulatin ften des nt capture the full cmplexity f hw certain tumr cells survive r develp resistance t drugs. CellOT addresses this by predicting the effects f perturbatins (扰动) n cells, paving the way fr mre effective and persnalized cancer treatments.
The underlined wrd “this” in Paragraph 3 refers t _______.
A．varius respnses f a cell ppulatin t drugs
B．the average reactin f a cell ppulatin t drugs
C．the resistance frm a grup f cancer cells t drugs
D．the survival f a ppulatin f cancer cells t drugs
2. （2024·辽宁省大连市滨城高中联盟高三上学期期中（Ⅱ））
Rads als disturb elephant migratin. Thse utside natinal park bundaries are prir paching (偷猎) spts. Elephants knw unguarded rads are dangerus. During ne study f 28 elephants in Central Africa, nly ne female crssed an unprtected rad. When she finally crssed, she mved 14 times faster than she did when crssing a prtected rad inside a park.
What des the underlined “thse” in paragraph 3 refer t?
A．Elephants.B．Unguarded rads.C．Pachers.D．Migratins.
3. （2024·广东省高三上学期12月月考）
Anyne can put n a shw at the Fringe, and this year even rbts were getting in n the act. One f Fringe’s big shws used a small rbt t cme up with jkes frm audiences’ suggestins, which were then perfrmed by humans. The results culd be very funny, but smetimes they weren’t funny at all. That was part f the pint, explained Pitr Mirwski, the shw’s c-maker. “We d nt use humans t ‘shw ff’ AI; instead, we use AI ‘t shw’ its limitatins, t shwcase human creativity n the stage,” said Mirwski, accrding t The Guardian.
What des the underlined “That” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A．Perfrming jkes made by rbts.B．Rbts’ jkes are very ppular.
C．Rbts’ jkes smetimes are nt fun.D．Using humans t shw ff AI.
4. （2024·江西省部分学校上学期11月期中）
The 1973 hrrr film “The Exrcist” and “Silent Night, Deadly Night” released in 1984 were s scary that audiences left the theater up and ut—thrwing up and passing ut, that is.
Based n this evidence after the release, it wuld seem t mst peple that hrrr mvies are bad fr peple’s health. Yet experts actually argue exactly the ppsite: The Hallween traditin f watching scary mvies is actually gd fr yur mental health.
“There is sme research n this in psychlgy, but I think what’s basically been fund is that there’s a benefit t recalling fears in yur mind,” Matthew Strhl, the authr f Why It’s OK t Lve Bad Mvies, tld Saln. “Yu can gain a sense f distance frm them. Yu feel yu can cnquer them thrugh this srt f expsure, as it were, by repeatedly putting yurself in a psitin where yu have t engage with them. But because it’s in a fictinal (虚构的) artistic cntext, yu can deal with them.”
Frank T. McAndrew, wh has studied hw places can “creep” peple ut (让人害怕)—researched n the science behind hw hrrr mvies are in many ways ideal as a specific vehicle fr meeting this need t be scared.
“That is kind f brn with us,” McAndrew pinted ut. “We like stries. We like t learn thrugh the experience f ther peple. We learn valuable lessns that might be kind f cstly t learn n ur wn. S we are attracted by hrrr mvies and hrrr experiences because by watching ther peple deal with scary things, we can mentally practice strategies that will make us better prepared fr dealing with that urselves in the future.”
Whether it is turning dwn the mvie’s vlume, cvering yur eyes, r reminding yurself that it is just a mvie, McAndrew said “that kind f playful engagement with fear can nt nly help peple avid fainting frm hrrr in face f a hrrr mvie, but als handle the pressure and anxieties f the real wrld.”
What des “That” underlined in paragraph 5 prbably mean?
A．The appeal fr a vehicle.B．The need fr fear.
C．The fear fr sme places.D．The science behind hrrr.
四、阅读理解之猜测词义---猜测句子意思
1.（2024·黑龙江省哈尔滨师范大学附属中学高二上学期11月期中）
It was a sunny afternn in June f 2022 when 20-year-ld Anthny Perry stepped ff the train at Chicag’s 69th Street statin. On the platfrm, tw men were fighting bitterly. Then the unthinkable happened: the pair fell ver the edge and nt the tracks. One man ended up n his back. Suddenly, he started cnvulsing (抽搐) unnaturally. He had fallen n the third rail, the cnduit (导线管) fr the 600 vlts f electricity that pwers Chicag’s L trains. The aggressr leaped backward, bunded back up nt the platfrm and disappeared.
Perry culdn’t just stand there and watch. He sat at the edge f the platfrm and eased himself dwn. He tk a few quick bunds and apprached the victim. The guy lked dead, his bdy still mving vilently as the electricity pulsed (搏动). Gathering up his curage, Perry reached dwn and grasped the victim’s wrist. Instantly, he felt a blast f electric shck sht thrugh his bdy. Perry shrank and jumped back. He reached dwn a secnd time, and was shcked again. But the third time he seized the man’s wrist and frearm and, braving the shck, pulled with all his strength. The guy’s bdy slid briefly alng the third rail, cming t rest n the gravel n the uter edge f the tracks.
The man was breathing, but irregularly. Smething wasn’t right. “Give him chest cmpressins (按压)!” yelled a wman. Perry was n expert, but fr a few mments he wrked n the man’s heart until the victim began cnvulsing. Then he heard a sudden nise behind him — medical wrkers and firefighters had arrived. Perry let the prfessinals take ver. His heart still racing frm the electric shcks, he climbed back up nt the platfrm, grabbed his things and headed hme.
The evening news reprted the incident. After a friend uted him t the media, Perry became the tast f Chicag. Perry was then recruited by the Chicag Fire Department and is nw training t be an emergency medical technician.
What des the underlined sentence in paragraph 4 mean?
A．Perry landed a jb in the Fire Department.
B．The city f Chicag awarded Perry a prize.
C．Peple in Chicag tasted Perry fr his brave deeds.
D．Perry gt ppular and greatly admired in Chicag.
2. （2024·辽宁省大连市滨城高中联盟高三上学期期中（Ⅱ））
Petersn has painted 41 f these prtraits himself. But there’s mre t the finished prducts than the mney they bring t smene dwn-and-ut. He’s discvered that the buyers tend t cnnect t the stry f the persn in the painting, finding similarities and ften friendship with smene they might have therwise verlked r steretyped (刻板印象).
What des the underline sentence mean in the last but ne paragraph?
A．Petersn still has mre prtraits t finish.
B．The prtraits may bring mre t the buyers.
C．The prtraits shuld be sld at a higher price.
D．The buyers tend t dnate mre mney than the prtraits’ price.
3. （2024·河北省张家口市张垣联盟高三上学期12月阶段测试）
Grwing up, I was virtually never big n nvels. My classmates wuld be crazy abut the latest Harry Ptter bk, while my cpy sat cllecting dust n a shelf. Instead, I wuld chse t read thrugh the reference bks related t my disciplines fr better grades. After I started graduate schl, extracurricular reading didn’t appeal t me at all but I spent mst f my time n campus digesting research papers and textbks and my mind culdn’t handle prcessing fact-filled nnfictin bks at hme, t. S I knew that I needed t find a way t enjy reading again.
What des the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．The authr was always a big fan f reading nvels.
B．The authr lacked enthusiasm fr nvels frm childhd.
C．The authr never read any bks when the authr was yung.
D．The authr was ccupied in the research papers during schl.
4. （2024·重庆市梁平区高三上学期第二次调研）
Accrding t statistics frm the Indnesia n gvernment. Chinese cmpanies’ direct investment in the cuntry reached $8.23 billin in 2022, a year-n-year jump f 160 percent, reaching a recrd high and ranking as the secnd-largest surce f freign investment in Indnesia US investment bank Gldman Sachs als frecasted in a reprt that Indnesia will becme the wrld’s furth-largest ecnmy by 2050 T turn such rsy prspects int reality. Chinese cmpanies are scrambling t better lcalize their prducts, management teams and marketing strategies.
Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined sentence?
A．T bey Indnesian regulatins and plicies.
B．T better understand the lcal culture and custms.
C．T cmpete with ther freign cmpanies perated in Indnesia.
D．T increase their market share and appeal t Indnesian cnsumers.
5. （2024·江苏省南京市东山高级中学三校联考高三上学期期中调研）
Witness this headline frm the New Yrk Times: “The Gdfather f A．I. Warns f Danger Ahead.” Here’s anther ne, frm the New Yrk Pst: “Ex-Ggle Exec M Gawdat Warns AI Culd Create ‘Killing Machines.’” But dn’t wrry! Here’s mre, frm CNBC: “An Annual Meeting Attended by the Wrld’s Elite (精英) Has A．I. Tp f the Agenda.” These unaccuntable, largely unelected rich peple are apparently ready t slve the prblems f this mad wrld. The assumptin, it appears, is that this “hnred” grup has it all under cntrl, which is funny given that the crazed AI cat is already miles ut f its trn bag. I’ll say it again: What planet am I n?
The underlined sentence in paragraph 2 implies that __________.
A．we shuld dismiss AI warnings frm experts
B．AI technlgy has made significant advancements
C．negative impacts f AI have becme uncntrllable
D．the wrld is amazed by the rapid develpment f AI
五、高考真题
1.[2023·全国甲卷]
B
Terri Bltn is a dab hand when it cmes t DIY (d-it-yurself). Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing tgether furniture, she never pays smene else t d a jb she can d herself.
She credits these skills t her late grandfather and builder Derek Llyd. Frm the age f six,Terri, nw 26, accmpanied Derek t wrk during her schl hlidays. A day’s wrk was rewarded with ￡5 in pcket mney. She says:“I’m sure I wasn’t much f a help t start with painting the rms and putting dwn the flring thrughut the huse. It tk weeks and was backbreaking wrk,but I knw he was prud f my skills.”
Terri, wh nw rents a huse with friends in Wandswrth, Suth West Lndn, says DIY als saves her frm lsing any depsit when a tenancy(租期) cmes t an end. She adds:“I’ve mved huse many times and I always like t persnalise my rm and put up pictures. S,it’s been useful t knw hw t cver up hles and repaint a rm t avid any charges when I’ve mved ut.”
With millins f peple likely t take n DIY prjects ver the cming weeks, new research shws that mre than half f peple are planning t make the mst f the lng, warm summer days t get jbs dne. The average spend per prject will be arund ￡823. Tw thirds f peple aim t imprve their cmfrt while at hme. Tw fifth wish t increase the value f their huse. Thugh DIY has traditinally been seen as male hbby, the research shws it is wmen nw leading the charge.
( )24.Which is clsest in meaning t “a dab hand” in Paragraph 1?
A.An artist.
B.A winner.
C.A specialist.
D.A pineer.
2.【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】B
We jurnalists live in a new age f strytelling, with many new multimedia tls. Many yung peple dn’t even realize it’s new. Fr them, it’s just nrmal.
This hit hme fr me as I was sitting with my 2-year-ld grandsn n a sfa ver the Spring Festival hliday. I had brught a children’s bk t read. It had simple wrds and clrful pictures — a perfect match fr his age.
Picture this: my grandsn sitting n my lap as I hld the bk in frnt s he can see the pictures. As I read, he reaches ut and pkes (戳) the page with his finger.
What’s up with that? He just likes the pictures, I thught. Then I turned the page and cntinued. He pked the page even harder. I nearly drpped the bk. I was cnfused: Is there smething wrng with this kid?
Then I realized what was happening. He was actually a stranger t bks. His father frequently amused the by with a tablet cmputer which was laded with clrful pictures that cme alive when yu pke them. He thught my strybk was like that.
Srry, kid. This bk is nt part f yur high-tech wrld. It’s an utdated, lifeless thing. An antique, like yur grandfather. Well, I may be ld, but I’m nt hpelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit vide and prduce audi. I use mbile payment. I’ve even built websites.
There’s ne ntable gap in my new-media experience, hwever: I’ve spent little time in frnt f a camera, since I have a face made fr radi. But that didn’t stp China Daily frm asking me last week t share a persnal stry fr a vide prject abut the integratin f Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei prvince.
Anyway, grandpa is nw an internet star — tw minutes f fame! I prmise nt t let it g t my head. But I will make sure my 2-year-ld grandsn sees it n his tablet.
4．What d the underlined wrds “hit hme fr me” mean in paragraph 2?
A．Prvided shelter fr me.B．Became very clear t me.
C．Tk the pressure ff me.D．Wrked quite well n me.
3.C【2022·新高考I卷】
The elderly residents (居民) in care hmes in Lndn are being given hens t lk after t stp them feeling lnely.
The prject was dreamed up by a lcal charity (慈善组织) t reduce lneliness and imprve elderly peple’s wellbeing. It is als being used t help patients suffering dementia, a serius illness f the mind. Staff in care hmes have reprted a reductin in the use f medicine where hens are in use.
Amng thse taking part in the prject is 80-year-ld Ruth Xavier. She said: “I used t keep hens when I was yunger and had t prepare their breakfast each mrning befre I went t schl. ”
“I like the prject a lt. I am dwn there in my wheelchair in the mrning letting the hens ut and dwn there again at night t see they’ve gne t bed.”
“It’s gd t have a different fcus. Peple have been bringing their children in t see the hens and residents cme and sit utside t watch them. I’m enjying the creative activities, and it feels great t have dne smething useful.”
There are nw 700 elderly peple lking after hens in 20 care hmes in the Nrth East, and the charity has been given financial supprt t rll it ut cuntrywide.
Wendy Wilsn, extra care manager at 60 Penfld Street, ne f the first t embark n the prject, said: “Residents really welcme the idea f the prject and the creative sessins. We are lking frward t the benefits and fun the prject can bring t peple here.”
Lynn Lewis, directr f Ntting Hill Pathways, said: “We are happy t be taking part in the prject. It will really help cnnect ur residents thrugh a shared interest and creative activities.”
8. What is the purpse f the prject?
A. T ensure harmny in care hmes.B. T prvide part-time jbs fr the aged.
C. T raise mney fr medical research.D. T prmte the elderly peple’s welfare.
9. Hw has the prject affected Ruth Xavier?
A. She has learned new life skills.B. She has gained a sense f achievement.
C. She has recvered her memry.D. She has develped a strng persnality.
10. What d the underlined wrds “embark n” mean in paragraph 7?
A. Imprve.B. Oppse.C. Begin.D. Evaluate.
11. What can we learn abut the prject frm the last tw paragraphs?
A. It is well received.B. It needs t be mre creative.
C. It is highly prfitable.D. It takes ages t see the results.
4.C【2022·全国高考乙卷】
Can a small grup f drnes(无人机)guarantee the safety and reliability f railways and, at the same time, help railway peratrs save billins f eurs each year? That is the very likely future f applying tday’s “eyes in the sky” technlgy t making sure that the millins f kilmetres f rail tracks and infrastructure(基础设施)wrldwide are safe fr trains n a 24/7 basis.
Drnes are already being used t examine high-tensin electrical lines. They culd d precisely the same thing t inspect railway lines and ther vital aspects f rail infrastructure such as the crrect psitin f railway tracks and switching pints. The mre regularly they can be inspected, the mre railway safety, reliability and n-time perfrmance will be imprved. Csts wuld be cut and peratins wuld be mre efficient(高效)acrss the bard.
That includes huge savings in maintenance csts and better prtectin f railway persnnel safety. It is calculated that Eurpean railways alne spend apprximately 20 billin eurs a year n maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, ften at night, t inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerus wrk that culd be avided with drnes assisting the crews’ effrts.
By using the latest technlgies, drnes culd als start prviding higher-value services fr railways, detecting faults in the rail r switches, befre they can cause any safety prblems. T perfrm these tasks, drnes fr rail dn’t need t be flying verhead. Engineers are nw wrking n a new cncept: the rail drnes f the future. They will be mving n the track ahead f the train, and prgrammed t run autnmusly. Very small drnes with advanced sensrs and AI and travelling ahead f the train culd guide it like a c-pilt. With their ability t see ahead, they culd signal any prblem, s that fast-mving trains wuld be able t react in time.
8. What makes the applicatin f drnes t rail lines pssible?
A. The use f drnes in checking n pwer lines.B. Drnes’ ability t wrk at high altitudes.
C. The reductin f cst in designing drnes.D. Drnes’ reliable perfrmance in remte areas.
9. What des “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer t?
A. Persnnel safety.B. Assistance frm drnes.
C. Inspectin and repair.D. Cnstructin f infrastructure.
10. What functin is expected f the rail drnes?
A. T prvide early warning.B. T make trains run autmatically.
C. T earn prfits fr the crews.D. T accelerate transprtatin.
11. Which is the mst suitable title fr the text?
A. What Faults Can Be Detected with Drnes
B. Hw Prductin f Drnes Can Be Expanded
C. What Difficulty Drne Develpment Will Face
D. Hw Drnes Will Change the Future f Railways
5.2022年1月浙江卷之A篇
Fr nearly a decade nw, Merebeth has been a self-emplyed pet transprt specialist. Her pet transprt jb was brn f the financial crisis（危机）in the late 2000s. The dwnturn hit the real estate （房地产）firm where she had wrked fr ten years as an ffice manager. The firm went brke and left her lking fr a new jb. One day, while driving near her hme, she saw a dg wandering n the rad, clearly lst. She tk it hme, and her sister in Denver agreed t take it. This was a lving hme fr sure, but 1, 600 miles away. It didn't take lng fr Merebeth t decide t drive the dg there herself. It was her first rad trip t her new jb.
Merebeth's pet delivery service als satisfies her wanderlust. It has taken her t every state in the US except Mntana, Washingtn and Oregn, she says prudly. If she wants t visit a new place, she will simply find a pet with transprt needs there. She travels in all weathers. She has driven thrugh 55 mph winds in Wyming, heavy flding and strms in Alabama and ttal whiteut cnditins in Kansas.
This wanderlust is inherited frm her father, she says. She mved their family frm Canada t Califrnia when she was ne year ld, because he wanted them t explre a new place tgether. As sn as she graduated frm high schl she left hme t live n Catalina Island ff the Califrnian cast, away frm her parents, where she enjyed a life f sailing and ff-rad biking.
It turns ut that pet transprting pays quite well at abut $30 000 per year befre tax. She desn't wrk in summer, as it wuld be unpleasantly ht fr the animals in the car, even with air cnditining. As autumn cmes, she gets restless—the same ld wanderlust returning. It's a call she must heed alne, thugh. Merebeth says, "When I am n the rad, I'm just in my wn wrld. I've always been independent-spirited and I just feel strngly that I mush help animals. *'
1. Why did Merebeth changed her jb?
A. She wanted t wrk near her hme.
B. She was tired f wrking in the ffice.
C. Her sister asked her t mve t Denver.
D. Her frmer emplyer was ut f business.
2. The wrd "wanderlust" in paragraph 2 means a desire t _________?
A. make mney.B. try varius jbs.
C. be clse t nature.D. travel t different places.
3. What can we learn abut Merebeth in her new jb?
A. She has chances t see rare animals.
B. She wrks hard thrughut the year.
C. She relies n herself the whle time.
D. She earns a basic and tax-free salary.
6.2021年全国甲卷之C篇
When I was 9, we packed up ur hme in Ls Angeles and arrived at Heathrw, Lndn n a gray January mrning. Everyne in the family settled quickly int the city except me. Withut my belved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a lss and ut f place. Until I made a discvery.
Suthbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center f British skatebarding, where the cntinuus crashing f skatebards left yur head ringing. I lved it. I sn made friends with the lcal skaters. We spke ur wn language. And my favrite: Safe. Safe meant cl. It meant hell. It meant dn't wrry abut it. Once, when trying a certain trick n the beam（横杆）, I fell nt the stnes, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Tby came ver, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their bards lud, shuting: “ Safe! Safe! Safe!” And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a gd skater.
When I was 15, my family mved t Washingtn. I tried skatebarding there, but the lcals were far less welcming. Within a cuple f years, I'd given it up.
When I returned t Lndn in 2004, I fund myself wandering dwn t Suthbank, spending hurs there. I've traveled back several times since, mst recently this past spring. The day was cld but clear: turists and Lndners stpped t watch the skaters. Weaving（穿梭）amng the kids wh rushed by n their bards, I fund my way t the beam. Then a rail—thin teenager, in a baggy white T—shirt, skidded（滑）up t the beam. He sat next t me. He seemed nt t ntice the man next t him. But sn I caught a few f his glances. “I was a lcal here 20 years ag,” I tld him. Then, slwly, he began t nd his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”
“Yeah,” I said. “Safe.”
8. What can we learn abut the authr sn after he mved t Lndn?
A. He felt disappinted.B. He gave up his hbby.
C. He liked the weather there.D. He had disagreements with his family.
9. What d the underlined wrds “Safe! Safe! Safe!” prbably mean?
A. Be careful!B. Well dne!C. N way!D. Dn't wrry!
10. Why did the authr like t spend time in Suthbank when he returned t Lndn?
A. T jin the skatebarding.B. T make new friends.
C. T learn mre tricks.D. T relive his childhd days
11. What message des the authr seem t cnvey in the text?
A. Children shuld learn a secnd language.
B Sprt is necessary fr children's health.
C. Children need a sense f belnging
D. Seeing the wrld is a must fr children.
7.2021年6月浙江卷
We live in a twn with three beaches. There are tw parts less than 10 minutes’ walk frm hme where neighbrhd children gather t play. Hwever, what my children want t d after schl is pick up a screen — any screen — and stare at it fr hurs. They are nt alne. Tday's children spend an average f fur and a half hurs a day lking at screens, split between watching televisin and using the Internet.
In the past few years, an increasing number f peple and rganisatins have begun cming up with plans t cunter this trend. A cuple f years ag film-maker David Bnd realised that his children, then aged five and three, were attached t screens t the pint where he was able t say “chclate” int his three-year-ld sn’s ear withut getting a respnse. He realised that smething needed t change, and, being a Lndn media type, appinted himself “marketing directr frm Nature”. He dcumented his jurney as he set abut treating nature as a brand t be marketed t yung peple. The result was Prject Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth f the Wrld Netwrk, a grup f rganisatins with the cmmn gal f getting children ut int nature.
“Just five mre minutes utdrs can make a difference,” David Bnd says. “There is a lt f really interesting evidence which seems t be suggesting that if children are inspired up t the age f seven, then being utdrs will be n habit fr life.” His wn children have gt int the habit f playing utside nw: “We just send them ut int the garden and tell them nt t cme back in fr a while.”
Summer is upn us. There is an amazing wrld ut there, and it needs ur children as much as they need it. Let us get them ut and let them play.
4. What is the prblem with the authr’s children?
A. They ften anny their neighburs.B. They are tired f ding their hmewrk.
C. They have n friends t play withD. They stay in frnt f screens fr t lng.
5. Hw did David Bnd advcate his idea?
A. By making a dcumentary film.B. By rganizing utdr activities.
C. By advertising in Lndn media.D. By creating a netwrk f friends.
6. Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd “charts” in paragraph 2?
A. recrdsB. predictsC. delaysD. cnfirms
7. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Let Children Have FunB. Yung Children Need Mre Free Time
C. Market Nature t ChildrenD. David Bnd: A Rle Mdel fr Children
8.2020年山东卷之C篇
In the mid-1990s, Tm Bissell taught English as a vlunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven mnths, physically brken and having lst his mind. A few years later, still attracted t the cuntry, he returned t Uzbekistan t write an article abut the disappearance f the Aral Sea.
His visit, hwever, ended up invlving a lt mre than that. Hence this bk, Chasing the Sea: Lst Amng the Ghsts f Empire in Central Asia, which talks abut a rad trip frm Tashkent t Karakalpakstan, where millins f lives have been destryed by the slw drying up f the sea. It is the stry f an American travelling t a strange land, and f the peple he meets n his way: Rustam, his translatr, a lvely 24-year-ld wh picked up his clrful English in Califrnia, Oleg and Natasha, his hsts in Tashkent, and a string f freign aid wrkers.
This is a quick lk at life in Uzbekistan, made f friendliness and warmth, but als its darker side f sciety. In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wnders, while n his way t Bukhara he gets a taste f plice methds when suspected f drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a muntain funeral(葬礼)fllwed by a strange drinking party. And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust strms, diseases and fishing bats stuck miles frm the sea.
Mr Bissell skillfully rganizes histrical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well-runded picture f Uzbekistan, seen frm Western eyes. His judgment and references are decidedly American, as well as his delicate stmach. As the authr explains, this is neither a travel nr a histry bk, r even a piece f reprtage. Whatever it is, the result is a fine and vivid descriptin f the purest f Central Asian traditins.
8. What made Mr Bissell return t Uzbekistan?
A. His friends' invitatin.B. His interest in the cuntry.
C. His lve fr teaching.D. His desire t regain health.
9. What des the underlined wrd “that” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A Develping a serius mental disease.
B. Taking a guided tur in Central Asia.
C. Wrking as a vlunteer in Uzbekistan.
D. Writing an article abut the Aral Sea.
10. Which f the fllwing best describes Mr Bissell's rad trip in Uzbekistan?
A. Rmantic.B. Eventful.C. Pleasant.D. Dangerus.
11. What is the purpse f this text?
A. T intrduce a bk.B. T explain a cultural phenmenn.
C. T remember a writer.D. T recmmend a travel destinatin.
9.2021年新高考I卷之C篇
When the explrers first set ft upn the cntinent f Nrth America, the skies and lands were alive with an astnishing variety f wildlife. Native Americans had taken care f these precius natural resurces wisely. Unfrtunately, it tk the explrers and the settlers wh fllwed nly a few decades t decimate a large part f these resurces. Millins f waterfwl ( 水 禽 ) were killed at the hands f market hunters and a handful f verly ambitius sprtsmen. Millins f acres f wetlands were dried t feed and huse the ever-increasing ppulatins, greatly reducing waterfwl habitat.
In 1934, with the passage f the Migratry Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly cncerned natin tk firm actin t stp the destructin f migratry ( 迁徙的) waterfwl and the wetlands s vital t their survival. Under this Act, all waterfwl hunters 16 years f age and ver must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, a plitical cartnist frm Des Mines, lwa, wh at that time was appinted by President Franklin Rsevelt as Directr f the Bureau f Bilgical Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price t ensure the survival f ur natural resurces.
Abut 98 cents f every duck stamp dllar ges directly int the Migratry Bird Cnservatin Fund t purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat fr inclusin int the Natinal Wildlife Refuge System — a fact that ensures this land will be prtected and available fr all generatins t cme. Since 1934, better than half a billin dllars has gne int that Fund t purchase mre than 5 millin acres f habitat. Little wnder the Federal Duck Stamp Prgram has been called ne f the mst successful cnservatin prgrams ever initiated.
28. What was a cause f the waterfwl ppulatin decline in Nrth America?
A. Lss f wetlands.B. Ppularity f water sprts.
C. Pllutin f rivers.D. Arrival f ther wild animals.
29. What des the underlined wrd “decimate” mean in the first paragraph?
A. Acquire.B. Exprt.
C. Destry.D. Distribute.
30. What is a direct result f the Act passed in 1934?
A. The stamp price has gne dwn.B. The migratry birds have flwn away.
C. The hunters have stpped hunting.D. The gvernment has cllected mney.
31. Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A. The Federal Duck Stamp StryB. The Natinal Wildlife Refuge System
C. The Benefits f Saving WaterfwlD. The Histry f Migratry Bird Hunting
10.2021年全国乙卷之B篇
When almst everyne has a mbile phne, why are mre than half f Australian hmes still paying fr a landline（座机）?
These days yu’d be hard pressed t find anyne in Australia ver the age f 15 wh desn’t wn a mbile phne. In fact plenty f yunger kids have ne in their pcket. Practically everyne can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.
Still, 55 percent f Australians have a landline phne at hme and nly just ver a quarter （29%） rely nly n their smartphnes accrding t a survey （调查）. Of thse Australians wh still have a landline, a third cncede that it’s nt really necessary and they’re keeping it as a security blanket — 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case f emergencies. I think my hme falls int that categry.
Mre than half f Australian hmes are still chsing t stick with their hme phne. Age is naturally a factr（因素）— nly 58 percent f Generatin Ys still use landlines nw and then, cmpared t 84 percent f Baby Bmers wh’ve perhaps had the same hme number fr 50 years. Age isn’t the nly factr; I’d say it’s als t d with the makeup f yur husehld.
Generatin Xers with yung families, like my wife and I, can still find it cnvenient t have a hme phne rather than prviding a mbile phne fr every family member. That said, t be hnest the nly peple wh ever ring ur hme phne are ur Baby Bmers parents, t the pint where we play a game and guess wh is calling befre we pick up the phne（using Caller ID wuld take the fun ut f it）.
Hw attached are yu t yur landline? Hw lng until they g the way f gas street lamps and mrning milk deliveries?
24. What des paragraph 2 mainly tell us abut mbile phnes?
A. Their target users.B. Their wide ppularity.
C. Their majr functins.D. Their cmplex design.
25. What des the underlined wrd “cncede” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Admit.B. Argue.
C. Remember.D. Remark.
26. What can we say abut Baby Bmers?
A. They like smartphne games.B. They enjy guessing callers’ identity.
C. They keep using landline phnes.D. They are attached t their family.
27. What can be inferred abut the landline frm the last paragraph?
A. It remains a family necessity.
B. It will fall ut f use sme day.
C. It may increase daily expenses.
D. It is as imprtant as the gas light.
11.2021年1月浙江卷之C篇
Researchers say they have translated the meaning f gestures that wild chimpanzees (黑猩猩) use t cmmunicate. They say wild chimps cmmunicate 19 specific messages t ne anther with a "vcabulary" f 66 gestures. The scientists discvered this by fllwing and filming grups f chimps in Uganda, and examining mre than 5,000 incidents f these meaningful exchanges.
Dr Catherine Hbaiter, wh led the research, said that this was the nly frm f intentinal cmmunicatin t be recrded in the animal kingdm. Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system f cmmunicatin where they deliberately sent a message t anther grup member.
"That's what's s amazing abut chimp gestures," she said. "They're the nly thing that lks like human language in that respect. ”
Althugh previus research has shwn that apes and mnkeys can understand cmplex infrmatin frm anther animal's call, the animals d nt appear t use their vices intentinally t cmmunicate messages. This was a significant difference between calls and gestures, Dr Hbaiter said.
Chimps will check t see if they have the attentin f the animal with which they wish t cmmunicate. In ne case, a mther presents her ft t her crying baby, signaling:" Climb n me. " The yungster immediately jumps n t its mthers back and they travel ff tgether. "The big message frm this study is that there is anther species (物种) ut there. that is meaningful in its cmmunicatin, s that's nt unique t humans," said Dr Hbaiter.
Dr Susanne Shultz, an evlutinary bilgist frm the University f Manchester, said the study was praisewrthy in seeking t enrich ur knwledge f the evlutin f human language. But, she added, the results were "a little disappinting".
"The vagueness f the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little t cmmunicate, r we are still missing a lt f the infrmatin cntained in their gestures and actins," she said. "Mrever, the meanings seem t nt g beynd what ther animal cnvey with nn-verbal cmmunicatin. S, it seems the gulf remains. "
44．What d chimps and humans have in cmmn accrding t Dr Hbaiter?
A．Memrizing specific wrds.B．Understanding cmplex infrmatin.
C．Using vices t cmmunicate.D．Cmmunicating messages n purpse.
45．What did Dr Shultz think f the study?
A．It was well designed but prly cnducted.
B．It was a gd try but the findings were limited.
C．It was inspiring but the evidence was unreliable.
D．It was a failure but the methds deserved praise.
46．What des the underlined wrd "gulf" in the last paragraph mean?
A．Difference.B．Cnflict.C．Balance.D．Cnnectin.
47．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A．Chimpanzee behaviur study achieved a breakthrugh
B．Chimpanzees develped specific cmmunicatin skills
C．Chimpanzees: the smartest species in the animal kingdm
D．Chimpanzee language: cmmunicatin gestures translated
12.2020年新课标Ⅰ卷之B篇
Returning t a bk yu’ve read many times can feel like drinks with an ld friend. There’s a welcme familiarity - but als smetimes a slight suspicin that time has changed yu bth, and thus the relatinship. But bks dn’t change, peple d. And that’s what makes the act f rereading s rich and transfrmative.
The beauty f rereading lies in the idea that ur bnd with the wrk is based n ur present mental register. It’s true, the lder I get, the mre I feel time has wings. But with reading, it’s all abut the present. It’s abut the nw and what ne cntributes t the nw, because reading is a give and take between authr and reader. Each has t pull their wn weight.
There are three bks I reread annually The first, which I take t reading every spring is Emest Hemningway’s A Mveable Feast. Published in 1964, it’s his classic memir f 1920s Paris. The language is almst intxicating (令人陶醉的)，an aging writer lking back n an ambitius yet simpler time. Anther is Annie Dillard’s Hly the Firm, her petic 1975 ramble (随笔) abut everything and nthing. The third bk is Juli Crtazar’s Save Twilight: Selected Pems, because petry. And because Crtazar.
While I tend t buy a lt f bks, these three were given t me as gifs, which might add t the meaning I attach t them. But I imagine that, while mney is indeed wnderful and necessary, rereading an authr’s wrk is the highest currency a reader can pay them. The best bks are the nes that pen further as time passes. But remember, it’s yu that has t grw and read and reread in rder t better understand yur friends.
24. Why des the authr like rereading?
A. It evaluates the writer-reader relatinship.
B. It’s a windw t a whle new wrld.
C. It’s a substitute fr drinking with a friend.
D. It extends the understanding f neself.
25. What d we knw abut the bk A Mveable Feas!?
A. It’s a brief accunt f a trip.
B. It’s abut Hemingway’s life as a yung man.
C. It’s a recrd f a histric event.
D. It’s abut Hemingway’s friends in Paris.
26. What des the underlined wrd ＂currency＂ in paragraph 4 refer t?
A. Debt
B. Reward.
C. Allwance.
D. Face value.
27. What can we infer abut the authr frm the text?
A. He lves petry.
B. He’s an editr.
C. He’s very ambitius.
D. He teaches reading.
13.2020年新课标Ⅱ卷之C篇
When yu were trying t figure ut what t buy fr the envirnmentalist n yur hliday list, fur prbably didn’t crss yur mind. But sme eclgists and fashin (时装)enthusiasts are trying t bring back the market fr fur made frm nutria(海狸鼠).
Unusual fashin shws in New Orleans and Brklyn have(shwcased)nutria fur made int clthes in different styles. “It sunds crazy t talk abut guilt-free fur-unless yu understand that the nutria are destrying vast wetlands every year”, says Cree McCree, prject directr f Righteus Fur.
Scientists in Luisiana were s cncerned that they decided t pay hunters $5 a tail. Sme f the fur ends up in the fashin shws like the ne in Brklyn last mnth.
Nutria were brught there frm Argentina by fur farmers and let g int the wild. “The ecsystem dwn there can’t handle this nn-native species(物种).It’s destrying the envirnment. It’s them r us.” says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.
The fur trade kept nutria check fr decades，but when the market fr nutria cllapsed in the late 1980s，the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.
Bilgist Edmnd Mutn runs the nutria cntrl prgram fr Luisiana. He says it’s nt easy t cnvince peple that nutria fur is green, but he has n dubt abut it. Hunters bring in mre than 300,000 nutria tails a year, s part f Mutn’s jb these days is trying t prmte fur.
Then there’s Righteus Fur and its unusual fashin. Mrgan says，”T give peple a guilt-free ptin that they can wear withut smene thrwing paint n them-1 think that’s ging t be a massive thing, at least here in New Yrk.” Designer Jennifer Andersn admits it tk her a while t cme arund t the pinin that using nutria fur fr her creatins is mrally acceptable. She trying t cme up with a lable t attach t nutria fashins t shw it is ec-friendly.
28. What is the purpse f the fashin shws in New Orleans and Brklyn?
A. T prmte guilt-free fur.
B. T expand the fashin market.
C. T intrduce a new brand.
D. T celebrate a winter hliday.
29. Why are scientists cncerned abut nutria?
A. Nutria damage the ecsystem seriusly.
B. Nutria are an endangered species.
C. Nutria hurt lcal cat-sized animals.
D. Nutria are illegally hunted.
30. What des the underlined wrd “cllapsed” in paragraph 5 prbably mean?
A. Bmed.B. Became mature.C. Remained stable.D. Crashed.
31. What can we infer abuf wearing fur in New Yrk accrding t Mrgan?
A. It’s frmal.B. It’s risky.C. It’s harmful.D. It’s traditinal.
14.2020年山东卷之D篇
Accrding t a recent study in the Jurnal f Cnsumer Research, bth the size and cnsumptin habits f ur eating cmpanins can influence ur fd intake. And cntrary t existing research that says yu shuld avid eating with heavier peple wh rder large prtins(份), it's the beanples with big appetites yu really need t avid.
T test the effect f scial influence n eating habits the researchers cnducted tw experiments. In the first, 95 undergraduate wmen were individually invited int a lab t stensibly(表面上)participate in a study abut mvie viewership. Befre the film began, each wman was asked t help herself t a snack. An actr hired by the researchers grabbed her fd first. In her natural state, the actr weighed 105 punds. But in half the cases she wre a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight t 180 punds.
Bth the fat and thin versins f the actr tk a large amunt f fd. The participants fllwed suit, taking mre fd than they nrmally wuld have. Hwever, they tk significantly mre when the actr was thin.
Fr the secnd test, in ne case the thin actr tk tw pieces f candy frm the snack bwls. In the ther case, she tk 30 pieces. The results were similar t the first test: the participants fllwed suit but tk significantly mre candy when the thin actr tk 30 pieces.
The tests shw that the scial envirnment is extremely influential when we're making decisins. If this fellw participant is ging t eat mre, s will I. Call it the “I’ll have what she's having” effect. Hwever, we'll adjust the influence. If an verweight persn is having a large prtin, I'll hld back a bit because I see the results f his eating habits. But if a thin persn eats a lt, I'll fllw suit. If he can eat much and keep slim, why can't I?
12. What is the recent study mainly abut?
A. Fd safety.B. Mvie viewership.
C. Cnsumer demand.D. Eating behavir.
13. What des the underlined wrd “beanples” in paragraph 1 refer t?
A. Big eaters.B. Overweight persns.
C. Picky eaters.D. Tall thin persns.
14. Why did the researchers hire the actr?
A. T see hw she wuld affect the participants.
B. T test if the participants culd recgnize her.
C. T find ut what she wuld d in the tw tests.
D. T study why she culd keep her weight dwn.
15. On what basis d we “adjust the influence” accrding t the last paragraph?
A. Hw hungry we are.B. Hw slim we want t be.
C. Hw we perceive thers.D. Hw we feel abut the fd.
15.2020年6月浙江卷之B篇
The traffic signals alng Factria Bulevard in Bellevue, Washingtn, generally dn't flash the same length f green twice in a rw, especially at rush hur. At 9:30am, the full red/yellw/green signal cycle might be 140 secnds. By 9:33am, a burst f additinal traffic might push it t 145 secnds. Less traffic at 9:37am culd push it dwn t 135. Just like the traffic itself, the timing f the signals changes.
That is by design. Bellevue, a fast-grwing city just east f Seattle, uses a system that is gaining ppularity arund the US: intersectin(十字路口) signals that can adjust in real time t traffic cnditins. These lights, knwn as adaptive signals, have led t significant declines in bth the truble and cst f travels between wrk and hme.
“Adaptive signals can make sure that the traffic demand that is there is being addressed, ” says Alex Stevanvic, a researcher at Flrida Atlantic University.
Fr all f Bellevue’s success, adaptive signals are nt a cure-all fr jammed radways. Kevin Balke, a research engineer at the Texas A&M University Transprtatin Institute, says that while smart lights can be particularly beneficial fr sme cities, thers are s jammed that nly a sharp reductin in the number f cars n the rad will make a meaningful difference. “It’s nt ging t fix everything, but adaptive signals have sme benefits fr smaller cities,” he says.
In Bellevue, the switch t adaptive signals has been a lessn in the value f welcming new appraches. In the past, there was ften an autmatic reactin t increased traffic: just widen the rads, says Mark Pch, the Bellevue Transprtatin Department’s traffic engineering manager. Nw he hpes that ther cities will cnsider making their streets run smarter instead f just making them bigger.
25. What des the underlined wrd “that” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A. Increased length f green lights.B. Shrtened traffic signal cycle.
C. Flexible timing f traffic signals.D. Smth traffic flw n the rad.
26. What des Kevin Balke say abut adaptive signals?
A. They wrk better n brad rads.
B. They shuld be used in ther cities.
C. They have greatly reduced traffic n the rad.
D. They are less helpful in cities seriusly jammed.
27. What can we learn frm Bellevue’s success?
A. It is rewarding t try new things.B. The ld methds still wrk tday.
C. I pays t put thery int practice.D. The simplest way is the best way.