新课标高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第三册UNIT3单元主题练习含答案

这是一份新课标高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第三册UNIT3单元主题练习含答案，共9页。试卷主要包含了写作词数应为80左右；等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Effrts t preserve the Amazn rainfrest are grwing ever mre urgent as the ecsystem's destructin accelerates. A recent study shws that a new prgram cmbining n­the­grund mnitring with satellite data and smartphne technlgy culd help put the brakes n Amazn defrestatin (毁林) — and ptentially that f frests elsewhere.
The scientists cperated with 76 lcal cmmunities, 36 f which participated in using satellite­based “early defrestatin alerts”， an early­alert system n a smartphne app, t watch ver the frest and t inspect frests and dcument damage. Over the next tw years the participants were paid t wrk as frest mnitrs and received mnthly alerts via the app when satellite data indicated lcal frest lsses. Mnitrs investigated alerts and inspected fr defrestatin in the areas. They reprted cnfirmed lsses back t their cmmunities, which decided whether t deal with the affairs n their wn r infrm state authrities.
The researchers analyzed the same frest­lss satellite data frm the given time perid in all 76 cmmunities. They fund the prgram reduced frest lss by 8.4 hectares (公顷) in the first year — a 52 percent reductin cmpared with the average lss in the cntrl cmmunities, says Tara Slugh, an ecnmist at New Yrk University. “This reductin in defrestatin was cncentrated in cmmunities facing the largest threat f frest lss，” she adds.
Results fr the prgram were less striking in its secnd year, when frest lss was reduced by nly 3.3 hectares cmpared with that in cntrl cmmunities. The researchers explain that a Peruvian gvernment campaign against cca planting that year may have discuraged defrestatin in bth experimental and cntrl cmmunities, narrwing differences between the tw grups in the prgram.
Experts say this apprach t dealing with Amaznian defrestatin lks prmising. Lcal grups may cntinue the wrk they started in the prgram. “We want t apply this in ther cmmunities. In ding s, we are making a cntributin t the wrld，” wrte Francisc, a cmmunity member invlved in the research.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个新的项目，通过智能手机应用程序上的早期警报系统，监视森林、检查森林并记录破坏情况，用这种方法减缓对亚马逊雨林的破坏。
1．What can we learn abut the new prgram?
A．It applies t all the frests.
B．It adpts multiple technlgies.
C．It invlves n human participatin.
D．It slves the prblem befrehand.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段“A recent study shws frests elsewhere.”可知，这个新项目将地面监测与卫星数据和智能手机技术相结合，采用了多种技术。故选B项。
2．Hw did the researchers cnduct the study?
A．By analyzing the data.
B．By surveying the mnitrs.
C．By bserving the area.
D．By investigating the damage.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第三段“The researchers analyzed ... at New Yrk University.”可知，研究人员是通过分析卫星数据进行这项研究的，该项目在第一年将森林损失减少了8.4公顷。故选A项。
3．What d the researchers think f the effect f the prgram?
A．Stable. B．Psitive.
C．Uncnvincing. D．Discuraging.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第三段 “The researchers analyzed New Yrk University.”和最后一段“Experts say this apprach ... started in the prgram.”可知，研究人员分析了卫星数据，数据显示，这个项目在第一年将森林损失减少了8.4公顷，与被控制社区的平均损失相比减少了52%，并且专家也认为这种处理亚马逊森林砍伐的方法看起来很有希望，由此可知，研究人员认为该项目的效果是积极乐观的。故选B项。
4．Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A．Amazn Prtecting the Rainfrest
B．Experts Testing Early­alert System
C．Cmmunities Dealing With Defrestatin
D．Smartphne Watching Over the Frest
解析：选D 标题归纳题。通读全文，结合第二段“The scientists cperated with 76 ... dcument damage.”可知，本文主要介绍了一个新的项目，将地面监测与卫星数据和智能手机技术相结合，通过智能手机应用程序上的早期警报系统，监视森林、检查森林并记录破坏情况，用这种方法减缓对亚马逊雨林的破坏。故选D项。
B
The Antarctic's snw­white envirnment is ging green and facing ther unexpected threats.
Scientists say that as temperatures g up in the plar areas, invading (侵袭) plants and insects, including the flies, cause a majr threat.
Mre and mre f these invaders, in the frm f larvae (幼虫) r seeds，are surviving in castal areas arund the Suth Ple, where the temperature has risen by almst 3℃ ver the past five decades.Glaciers have melted, expsing mre land which has been ccupied by msses that have been fund t be grwing mre quickly and thickly than ever befre — prviding ptential green hmes fr invaders.
“The cmmn huseflies are a perfect example f the prblem the Antarctic nw faces frm invading species，” said Dminic Hdgsn f the British Antarctic Survey.“They arrive by ship, where they exist in kitchens.They nw have an increasing chance f surviving in the Antarctic as it warms up, and that is a wrry.Insects like the huseflies carry bacteria that culd have a deadly effect n native life frms.”
The Antarctic has several native species f insects.Tgether with its native msses, these are nw under increased threat frm three majr surces: visiting scientists, increasing number f turists and glbal warming.Hwever, it is glbal warming that is the main driver f the “greening” f the Antarctic.
In the 2015－2016 travel seasn, mre than 38,000 turists visited the Antarctic.“These turists are ften very careful abut nt leaving waste.But they culd carry seeds r larvae n their bts when they set ft n the Antarctic，” said Dminic.
Mre and mre invading insects and plants have been fund n the Antarctic and have required remval.“The insects and plants that are native t the Antarctic have survived there fr thusands f years，” said Dminic.“We have t act nw if we want t save the envirnment.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是由于全球气温上升等原因，各种各样的威胁正置南极地区于危险之中。
5．What des the underlined wrd “msses” in Paragraph 3 refer t?
A．Huseflies. B．Castal areas.
C．A kind f plants. D．A kind f animals.
解析：选C 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句，特别是其后的定语从句“that have been fund invaders”可知，画线词指的是一种植物。
6．What d we knw abut the huseflies in the Antarctic?
A．They are native t the Antarctic.
B．They will die ut because f the freezing weather.
C．They cme t the Antarctic frm nearby islands n their wn.
D．They culd severely influence the native species f the Antarctic.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，南极地区的家蝇所携带的细菌会严重影响当地的物种。
7．What is the main cause f the Antarctic ging green?
A．The arrival f scientists.
B．The increasing number f visitrs.
C．The rapid spread f native plants.
D．The rising temperature arund the wrld.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知，南极地区变绿的主要原因是全球气候变暖。
8．What's the best title fr the text?
A．The Antarctic Is Becming Green and Energetic
B．Varius Threats Are Putting the Antarctic at Risk
C．Mre and Mre Scientists Get t Explre the Antarctic
D．Glbal Warming Causes the Temperature in the Antarctic t G Up
解析：选B 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文讲述的是各种各样的威胁正置南极地区于危险之中。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Keeping curius kids frm disrupting wildlife
Interacting with the wild, naturally curius kids tend t cllect seashells at the beach r keep small wildlife as pets.__9__ S hw t help kids prtect the wild while enjying spending time utside? Here are alternatives fr sme f the mst cmmn utdr behaviur n­ns.
Take an interest, nt things.Kids shw interest in picking flwers, rcks, r shells utdrs.They're part f wildlife's habitat and play an imprtant rle.__10__ Let kids explre with a magnifying glass (放大镜) instead f their curius fingers.Let whatever they find utside stay utside.
__11__ It seems a fun idea t thrw pieces f bread t ducks.Animals have unique dietary needs that are different frm humans'.Eating human fd can make them sick r becme dependent n human fd.Bears are an example f animals that ften have t be killed after develping a taste fr human fd.
Admire animal afar, nt disrupt nearby.The urge t take a pht with a squirrel, bird, r slw­mving turtle can be strng fr kids.__12__ Instead, remind kids t stay away and shw them hw t use a camera's zm buttn, r just admire with their eyes.
Take well­wrn paths, nt ff­rad rmps (嬉戏)．Kicking piles f leaves, stepping n bushes, and walking thrugh frested areas can unintentinally scare wildlife.If surprised animals defend their hmes, everyne culd get hurt.Nbdy likes having a guest cme in and destry their hme and act rudely.__13__
A．Keep snacks away frm animals.
B．Share fd if animals are hungry.
C．Expsure t them develps kids' lve and curisity.
D．The same rule applies t visiting wildlife in their hmes.
E．Animals rely n plants fr hiding; rcks and shells, fr hmes.
F．Appraching animals disrupts what they d fr survival, such as eating.
G．Despite inncent purpses, kids' curisity accidentally damages the wild.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了怎样帮助孩子们在享受户外时光的同时保护自然环境。
9．选G 空前一句“与野生动物互动，生性好奇的孩子倾向于在海滩收集贝壳或养小型野生动物作为宠物。”说明孩子们喜欢与野生动物互动，选项G承接上文。选项中curisity 和上文中的curius 一致。
10．选E 根据空前两句“孩子们对在户外采摘花朵、捡岩石或贝壳表现出兴趣。它们是野生动物栖息地的一部分，起着重要的作用。”可知，选项E承接上文，具体说明这些东西的作用。
11．选A 下文提到动物有着与人类不同的独特的饮食需求。吃人类的食物会使他们生病或变得依赖人类的食物。这说明向动物投送零食是不正确的行为，选项A概括本段主题，文意通顺，符合逻辑。
12．选F 本段首句“远远地观看动物，不要靠近打扰。”说明本段主题是不要靠近动物，选项F符合本段主题。
13．选D 空前一句“没有人喜欢有客人闯进来，破坏他们的家园，行为粗鲁。”选项D说明同样的规则也适用于野生动物。上下文语义通顺，逻辑合理。
Ⅲ.完形填空
She lked up at me sadly, her pain being unbearably bvius.I __14__ her as she swam silently arund the small pl.The tp left crner f her yellw shell was __15__， and her flippers (鳍状肢) were filled with cuts and scars.
These __16__ creatures lked as thugh they were war heres wunded in battle, but they were just a grup f inncent sea turtles injured by __17__ humans.
Earlier that day, ur students learned thse endangered sea turtles were being __18__ all the time __19__ water pllutin, litter, and careless baters and fishermen.We were taught hw t __20__ the deaths and injuries f this species and cnserve ur cean life and envirnment.
I had been cnscius f the damage ur envirnment was suffering __21__ I had never truly been given the pprtunity t __22__ the devastating(毁灭性的) effects f envirnmental destructin until I bserved that __23__.Seeing a picture f these animals cannt truly sense the __24__ n their faces.Nw that I have witnessed the __25__ caused by the pllutin and peple's carelessness, I try t encurage my friends t __26__ their eating habit, which can __27__ ur envirnment.We need t start saving ur envirnment nw __28__ it's t late.
eq \x(语篇解读：作者从一只受伤的小海龟说起，鼓励同伴们改变饮食习惯来保护环境。)
14．A.recgnized B．intrduced
C．watched D．satisfied
解析：选C 根据语境，“我”看着她，她静静地在小池塘里游着。watch意为“观察；观看”，符合题意。
15．A.strange B．missing
C．shining D．cmplex
解析：选B 根据下文可知，这是只受伤的海龟。此处应该是指左上部的黄色外壳不见(missing)了。
16．A.trublesme B．rare
C．ugly D．unfrtunate
解析：选D 根据上文语境可知，这些受伤的生物是不幸的(unfrtunate)。
17．A.skilful B．stubbrn
C．intelligent D．careless
解析：选D 根据第三段中的“careless baters and fishermen”可知，这是一群无辜的海龟，被粗心的(careless)人类伤害。
18．A.studied B．discvered
C．killed D．displayed
解析：选C 这些濒临灭绝的海龟因为(because f)水污染、乱丢垃圾、粗心大意的渔船和渔民而被杀(killed)。
19．A.because f B．in case f
C．in spite f D．apart frm
解析：选A 参见上题解析。
20．A.reprt B．lessen
C．escape D．prve
解析：选B 根据常识，我们被教育如何减少这个物种的死亡和伤害，lessen为动词，意为“减少”。
21．A.s B．but C．r D．and
解析：选B “我”已意识到我们的环境不断遭受伤害，但(but)“我”从来没有真正有机会看到(see)环境破坏后的毁灭性影响，直到看到那只海龟(turtle)。
22．A.see B．predict
C．prevent D．experience
解析：选A 参见上题解析。
23．A.bater B．fisherman
C．visitr D．turtle
解析：选D 参见第21题解析。第二段的“sea turtles”亦是提示。
24．A.pain B．dirt
C．mask D．sign
解析：选A 看这些动物的照片不能真正地感受它们遭受的痛苦(pain)。
25．A.wrry B．harm
C．anger D．shame
解析：选B 既然“我”已经目睹了由污染和人们的疏忽造成的伤害(harm)。
26．A.mentin B．frm
C．change D．check
解析：选C “我”试图鼓励“我”的朋友改变(change)他们的饮食习惯。
27．A.describe B．witness
C．investigate D．benefit
解析：选D 这样做使环境受益。benefit意为“对……有好处”，符合题意。
28．A.unless B．befre
C．while D．thugh
解析：选B 在为时未晚之前(befre)，我们现在需要开始拯救我们的环境。
Ⅳ.语法填空
Ecturism is the ppsite f mass turism.Peple travel t remte areas and visit faraway places withut destrying the envirnment.Ecturism is intended __1__ small grups f turists wh want t learn mre abut nature in a certain area and help peple wh live there.Ec­turists travel t places __2__ plants and animals are the main attractins.They want t knw mre abut hw peple live side by side in __3__ natural habitat.
Ecturism makes peple recgnize hw beautiful the land and the cuntryside are.Lcal tur guides shw __4__ (visit) hw imprtant ur envirnment is.They knw hw the regin has develped ver time.Turists stay in small lcal huses，as ppsed t big htels in mass turism regins.
Ecturism started ut in the 1980s as an alternative t mass turism.Tday it is ne f the __5__ (fast) grwing sectrs f the turism industry because mre and mre peple are __6__ (gradual) realizing the imprtance f the envirnment.As a result，sme cuntries are using ecturism __7__ (gain) prfits.In sme areas，it __8__ (perate)by freign investrs wh are nly interested in __9__ (they) wn prfits.Hwever, __10__ (bring) t many peple t the remte place culd damage lcal culture.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章对生态旅游的定义、好处、起源和发展状况进行了介绍。
1．fr 考查固定搭配。be intended fr意为“为……而设计的”，为固定搭配。
2．where 考查定语从句。 空处指代先行词places并在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
3．a 考查不定冠词。此处第一次提及“natural habitat”，所以是泛指，且natural 的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
4．visitrs 考查名词复数。此处应用名词visitr作动词shw的宾语，游客有很多，所以应用复数形式。
5．fastest 考查最高级。在ne f后的可数名词复数常用最高级修饰，表示“最……的……之一”。
6．gradually 考查副词。修饰动词realizing应用副词。
7．t gain 考查非谓语动词。利用生态旅游是为了获取利润，此处应用不定式作目的状语。
8．is perated 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据“wh are nly interested in”可知，此处应用一般现在时。动词perate和主语it构成被动关系，且主语it为第三人称单数。
9．their 考查形容词性物主代词。修饰名词prfits应用形容词性物主代词。
10．bringing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应用动名词作主语。
Ⅴ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，请你给校英语报写一封倡议信，号召全校同学积极响应学校正在开展的垃圾分类活动，内容包括：
1．垃圾分类的意义；
2．你的建议。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
参考词汇：垃圾分类 waste classificatin
Dear fellw students,



Yurs,
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear fellw students,
As yu may have nticed, the prgram f waste classificatin in ur schl has kicked ff.I am writing t call n yu, members f the schl, t take immediate actin.
Every day, we prduce plenty f waste, ranging frm plastic bttles t paper, which nt nly leads t envirnmental pllutin, but is als a waste f resurces.Therefre, it is urgent fr us t take an active part in the waste classificatin prgram.First, we can cllect what can be recycled t save resurces.Secnd, harmful materials shuld be srted and treated prperly t avid pllutin.Mst imprtantly, we need t develp the habit f classifying waste.
Let's d it!
Yurs,
Li Hua