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初中英语牛津译林版九年级下册Grammar教案
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这是一份初中英语牛津译林版九年级下册Grammar教案，共6页。
设计说明
首先通过一些课文原句的复习直接导入本课时的语法项目——代词it的用法。由it指代动物或者无生命的事物的用法自然导入it指代未知人物的用法，在语境、交流中呈现语法，降低学生的学习难度。it作非人称代词的用法一一呈现，突出其作形式主语和形式宾语的用法。让学生通过对应练习，理清形式主语和形式宾语的真正含义，进一步提高自主学习能力。
教学目标
通过本课节的教学，让学生达成以下目标：
1.知识目标
掌握词汇及词组：quarter, either, level, service, take up
2.能力目标
(1)学会it作人称代词，用来代替人、物或事的用法；
(2)学会it表示时间、天气、季节和距离的用法；
(3)学会it作形式主语或形式宾语的用法。
3.情感目标
通过A visit t the Summer Palace和Leaving fr Shanghai的教学，培养学生的家国情怀，让他们更好地了解中国的旅游资源。
重点难点
1.重点：it的各种用法。
2.难点：it作形式主语或形式宾语的句型。
教学准备
PPT课件
授课时数
1课时
教学过程
Step 1 Lead-in
1. Ask students t read sme sentences and find ut all the meanings f it.
(1) Lk at the panda. It is s small.
(2) Anther famus attractin is the Great Wall. It runs fr ver 6,000 kilmetres acrss nrthern China.
T: We use it fr animals and lifeless things.
(3) My aunt will have a baby sn. She hpes it will be a girl.
(4) Lk at that cute baby ver there! It’s a by, isn’t it?
T: We use it fr a yung child when we d nt knw whether it is a girl r a by.
(5) —Wh was calling yu n the phne just nw?
—It was my cusin.
T: We use it fr an unknwn persn.
(6) Riding arund the cuntryside is ppular in Guilin, isn’t it?
(7) Turists like t take a bat trip alng the Lijiang River. It is great fun.
T: We use it fr an actin, a situatin r an idea mentined in a previus statement.
（引出语法内容：it作人称代词，代替上文提及的人、事、物。）
2. Ask students t try t cnclude the usage f it as a prnun.
•指代上文提过的生物或非生物。复数形式为they。
•指代上文提过的性别不明或无须指明性别的小孩。
•作主语时指代上文提过的人，后跟系表结构，用以指明该人的身份。
•指代上下文或一定语境所表明的情况、事件等。
【注意】指代宠物时，常可用he或she来代替it。
如：他有一只宠物狗。她是他最好的朋友。
He has a pet dg. She is his best friend.
Step 2 Practice
Ask students t translate sme sentences int English.
(1) 约翰在学校足球队。它是在去年成立的。
(2) ——猫在哪儿？——它在花园里。
(3) 那个婴儿怎么了，一直在哭。
(4) ——谁在敲门？——是邮递员。
(5) 英语很重要，我们都知道。
Answers:
(1) Jhn is in the schl ftball team. It was rganized last year.
(2) —Where is the cat? —It is in the garden.
(3) —What’s matter with the baby? —It has been crying.
(4) —Wh is that at the dr? —It’s the pstman.
(5) English is very imprtant, and we all knw it.
Step 3 Reading
The exchange students visited the Summer Palace yesterday. Kevin is writing abut it. Read the passage belw and find ut what each it refers t. Write yur answers in the blanks.
Answers: 1. the Summer Palace 2. the lake 3. the lake 4. we culd nt rw a bat there 5. the 17-hle bridge 6. the lins are all different frm each ther 7. unknwn persn
Step 4 Presentatin
1. Ask students t read sme sentences and find ut all the meanings f it.
It is 6:30 p.m. It is raining heavily utside.
It is 1 January tday. It is New Year’s Day.
In Beijing, it is cld and windy in winter.
It is tw kilmetres frm my schl t my hme.
（引出本部分语法内容：it作非人称代词代替时间、日期、天气或距离。）
2. Ask students t try t cnclude the usage f it as an impersnal prnun.
在表示时间、日期、天气或距离的表达方式里，我们用 it 作形式主语。此时，it无实际意义但不可以省略。如：
It is half past twelve.
It is 25 Nvember tday.
It is fine tday.
It is tw kilmetres t the pst ffice.
Step 5 Practice
1. Ask students t translate sme sentences int English.
(1) 现在十二点十分。
(2) 距离海滩两英里远。
(3) 今天早晨下雨了。
(4) 今天是十月一日，国庆节。
Answers: (1) It’s ten past twelve. (2) It’s tw miles t the beach.
(3) It was raining this mrning.
(4) It’s 1 Octber tday. It is Natinal Day.
2. The exchange students left fr Shanghai. Kevin has made sme ntes in his diary. Rewrite his sentences with it.
(1) Tday is 22 February. We left Beijing fr Shanghai early in the mrning.
___________________. We left Beijing fr Shanghai early in the mrning.
(2) Shanghai is abut 1,300 kilmetres frm Beijing.
_________________________frm Beijing t Shanghai.
(3) I wke up at 5 mrning.
_________________________ when I wke up this mrning.
(4) I felt a little cld when we went ut. The temperature was nly 2℃.
I felt a little cld when we went ut. _________________________.
(5) Winter is very cld and dry in Beijing.
In winter, _________________________.
(6) We arrived in Shanghai n a sunny day.
_________________________ when we arrived in Shanghai.
(7) We gt t ur htel at nn.
_________________________ when we gt t ur htel.
(8) Our htel is nt far frm the Bund.
_________________________ frm the Bund t ur htel.
Answers: (1) It is 22 February tday (2) It is abut 1,300 kilmetres
(3) It was 5 a.m. (4) It was nly 2℃
(5) it is very cld and dry in Beijing (6) It was sunny/a sunny day
(7) It was nn (8) It’s nt far
Step 6 Presentatin
Ask students t read sme sentences and find ut all the meanings f it.
It is very tiring t climb the steps.
It is ppular t hire a bicycle and ride arund the cuntryside.
It is amazing that there are s many rcks in unusual shapes in the cave.
Many peple find it pleasant t travel arund.
T: Smetimes we use it t replace the real subject r bject in a sentence. In this situatin, we put the real subject r bject later in the sentence in the frm f a t-infinitive r a clause.
Step 7 Grammar
Ask students t try t cnclude the usage f it, using it t replace the real subject r bject.
it 作形式主语时，替代不定式短语、动名词短语或从句，把这类较长的主语移至句尾，使句子显得匀称。例如：
It is a great pleasure t be wrking with yu.
It is necessary fr yu t bey the rder.
It was frtunate that there was a dctr at the spt.
It desn’t matter what he thinks.
it 作形式宾语，替代不定式短语、动名词短语或从句，后接宾语补足语，把这类较长的宾语移至宾语补足语之后，使句子显得匀称。例如：
We cnsider it flish f him t meet her.
Jane fund it dull wrking at the kitchen sink all day.
Gerge made it clear that he disagreed.
I take it fr granted that yu all knw this.
【注意】it 作形式主语，常用于下列句型中：
It is + 形容词 + (f / fr...+ ) t d sth.
It takes sb sme time t d sth.
It is said / reprted /... + that从句.
it 作形式宾语，常见于句型：
主语+ think(s) / find(s) + it + easy / difficult / hard /... + t d sth.
Step 8 Drills
1. 写出5个用“it”作为形式主语或形式宾语的句子并指出其成分。
It is generus f Bill Gates t dnate his mney t the pr. 形式主语
It is impssible fr such a little by t carry the heavy bag. 形式主语
It is n use crying ver spilt milk. 形式主语
It is amazing that he did it n his wn. 形式主语
I find it difficult t understand his idea. 形式宾语
2. Abut Shanghai
Miss Thmpsn, a British teacher travelling with the exchange students, is writing dwn what she thinks abut Shanghai. Help her cmplete her ntes with it.
Traffic: The traffic is ften busy, but public transprt here is quite gd, s (1)___________ (easy) fr peple t get arund.
Weather: (2)___________ (sunny) and warm. We like (3)___________ here.
Envirnment: (4)___________ (said) that the air is nt clean here, but I d nt think the pllutin is as serius as I imagined.
Sights: Shanghai is beautiful. (5)___________ (fun) t ride arund the city and visit the interesting places.
Fd: Chinese fd is delicius. I will ask my family t g t a Chinese restaurant and try (6)___________ when I get back.
Htel: We all think (7)___________ (cmfrtable) t stay in this htel. They prvide a high level f service.
Peple: The lcal peple are friendly. (8)___________ (kind) f them t answer all ur questins.
Answers: (1) it is easy (2) It is sunny (3) it (4) It is said
(5) It is fun (6)it (7)it (is) cmfrtable (8)It is kind
Step 9 Language pints
1. The lake is very big—it takes up three quarters f the area.
湖很大，占了四分之三的面积。
(1) take up 占据（空间）；占用（时间）
The table takes up t much space. 这张桌子太占地方了。
(2) quarter n. 四分之一 three quarters 四分之三
2. Acrss the lake is a 17-hle bridge. There are many stne lins n either side f it. 湖上有一座十七孔桥，桥两边有很多石狮子。
倒装句。表示方位的词或短语置于句首时，句子要完全倒装。
On the wall are sme pictures. 墙上有一些图画。
either det. & prn. 两者之一
不是……就是……
n either side f = n bth sides f
Yu may take either f the rads. 两条路你随便走哪一条。
Tm is ging t buy either a guitar r a pian.
汤姆不是要买一把吉他就是要买一架钢琴。
Step 10 Hmewrk
1. Review the grammar we’ve learned tday.
2. Finish the related exercises.
3. Preview Integrated skills & Study skills n pages15-17.
Unit 1 Asia
Grammar
Using it as
a prnun
Using it as
an impersnal prnun
Using it t replace
the real subject
r bject
人
物
或事
时间
日期
天气
距离
it作为形式主语
it作为形式宾语
板书设计
设计说明
首先通过一些课文原句的复习直接导入本课时的语法项目——代词it的用法。由it指代动物或者无生命的事物的用法自然导入it指代未知人物的用法，在语境、交流中呈现语法，降低学生的学习难度。it作非人称代词的用法一一呈现，突出其作形式主语和形式宾语的用法。让学生通过对应练习，理清形式主语和形式宾语的真正含义，进一步提高自主学习能力。
教学目标
通过本课节的教学，让学生达成以下目标：
1.知识目标
掌握词汇及词组：quarter, either, level, service, take up
2.能力目标
(1)学会it作人称代词，用来代替人、物或事的用法；
(2)学会it表示时间、天气、季节和距离的用法；
(3)学会it作形式主语或形式宾语的用法。
3.情感目标
通过A visit t the Summer Palace和Leaving fr Shanghai的教学，培养学生的家国情怀，让他们更好地了解中国的旅游资源。
重点难点
1.重点：it的各种用法。
2.难点：it作形式主语或形式宾语的句型。
教学准备
PPT课件
授课时数
1课时
教学过程
Step 1 Lead-in
1. Ask students t read sme sentences and find ut all the meanings f it.
(1) Lk at the panda. It is s small.
(2) Anther famus attractin is the Great Wall. It runs fr ver 6,000 kilmetres acrss nrthern China.
T: We use it fr animals and lifeless things.
(3) My aunt will have a baby sn. She hpes it will be a girl.
(4) Lk at that cute baby ver there! It’s a by, isn’t it?
T: We use it fr a yung child when we d nt knw whether it is a girl r a by.
(5) —Wh was calling yu n the phne just nw?
—It was my cusin.
T: We use it fr an unknwn persn.
(6) Riding arund the cuntryside is ppular in Guilin, isn’t it?
(7) Turists like t take a bat trip alng the Lijiang River. It is great fun.
T: We use it fr an actin, a situatin r an idea mentined in a previus statement.
（引出语法内容：it作人称代词，代替上文提及的人、事、物。）
2. Ask students t try t cnclude the usage f it as a prnun.
•指代上文提过的生物或非生物。复数形式为they。
•指代上文提过的性别不明或无须指明性别的小孩。
•作主语时指代上文提过的人，后跟系表结构，用以指明该人的身份。
•指代上下文或一定语境所表明的情况、事件等。
【注意】指代宠物时，常可用he或she来代替it。
如：他有一只宠物狗。她是他最好的朋友。
He has a pet dg. She is his best friend.
Step 2 Practice
Ask students t translate sme sentences int English.
(1) 约翰在学校足球队。它是在去年成立的。
(2) ——猫在哪儿？——它在花园里。
(3) 那个婴儿怎么了，一直在哭。
(4) ——谁在敲门？——是邮递员。
(5) 英语很重要，我们都知道。
Answers:
(1) Jhn is in the schl ftball team. It was rganized last year.
(2) —Where is the cat? —It is in the garden.
(3) —What’s matter with the baby? —It has been crying.
(4) —Wh is that at the dr? —It’s the pstman.
(5) English is very imprtant, and we all knw it.
Step 3 Reading
The exchange students visited the Summer Palace yesterday. Kevin is writing abut it. Read the passage belw and find ut what each it refers t. Write yur answers in the blanks.
Answers: 1. the Summer Palace 2. the lake 3. the lake 4. we culd nt rw a bat there 5. the 17-hle bridge 6. the lins are all different frm each ther 7. unknwn persn
Step 4 Presentatin
1. Ask students t read sme sentences and find ut all the meanings f it.
It is 6:30 p.m. It is raining heavily utside.
It is 1 January tday. It is New Year’s Day.
In Beijing, it is cld and windy in winter.
It is tw kilmetres frm my schl t my hme.
（引出本部分语法内容：it作非人称代词代替时间、日期、天气或距离。）
2. Ask students t try t cnclude the usage f it as an impersnal prnun.
在表示时间、日期、天气或距离的表达方式里，我们用 it 作形式主语。此时，it无实际意义但不可以省略。如：
It is half past twelve.
It is 25 Nvember tday.
It is fine tday.
It is tw kilmetres t the pst ffice.
Step 5 Practice
1. Ask students t translate sme sentences int English.
(1) 现在十二点十分。
(2) 距离海滩两英里远。
(3) 今天早晨下雨了。
(4) 今天是十月一日，国庆节。
Answers: (1) It’s ten past twelve. (2) It’s tw miles t the beach.
(3) It was raining this mrning.
(4) It’s 1 Octber tday. It is Natinal Day.
2. The exchange students left fr Shanghai. Kevin has made sme ntes in his diary. Rewrite his sentences with it.
(1) Tday is 22 February. We left Beijing fr Shanghai early in the mrning.
___________________. We left Beijing fr Shanghai early in the mrning.
(2) Shanghai is abut 1,300 kilmetres frm Beijing.
_________________________frm Beijing t Shanghai.
(3) I wke up at 5 mrning.
_________________________ when I wke up this mrning.
(4) I felt a little cld when we went ut. The temperature was nly 2℃.
I felt a little cld when we went ut. _________________________.
(5) Winter is very cld and dry in Beijing.
In winter, _________________________.
(6) We arrived in Shanghai n a sunny day.
_________________________ when we arrived in Shanghai.
(7) We gt t ur htel at nn.
_________________________ when we gt t ur htel.
(8) Our htel is nt far frm the Bund.
_________________________ frm the Bund t ur htel.
Answers: (1) It is 22 February tday (2) It is abut 1,300 kilmetres
(3) It was 5 a.m. (4) It was nly 2℃
(5) it is very cld and dry in Beijing (6) It was sunny/a sunny day
(7) It was nn (8) It’s nt far
Step 6 Presentatin
Ask students t read sme sentences and find ut all the meanings f it.
It is very tiring t climb the steps.
It is ppular t hire a bicycle and ride arund the cuntryside.
It is amazing that there are s many rcks in unusual shapes in the cave.
Many peple find it pleasant t travel arund.
T: Smetimes we use it t replace the real subject r bject in a sentence. In this situatin, we put the real subject r bject later in the sentence in the frm f a t-infinitive r a clause.
Step 7 Grammar
Ask students t try t cnclude the usage f it, using it t replace the real subject r bject.
it 作形式主语时，替代不定式短语、动名词短语或从句，把这类较长的主语移至句尾，使句子显得匀称。例如：
It is a great pleasure t be wrking with yu.
It is necessary fr yu t bey the rder.
It was frtunate that there was a dctr at the spt.
It desn’t matter what he thinks.
it 作形式宾语，替代不定式短语、动名词短语或从句，后接宾语补足语，把这类较长的宾语移至宾语补足语之后，使句子显得匀称。例如：
We cnsider it flish f him t meet her.
Jane fund it dull wrking at the kitchen sink all day.
Gerge made it clear that he disagreed.
I take it fr granted that yu all knw this.
【注意】it 作形式主语，常用于下列句型中：
It is + 形容词 + (f / fr...+ ) t d sth.
It takes sb sme time t d sth.
It is said / reprted /... + that从句.
it 作形式宾语，常见于句型：
主语+ think(s) / find(s) + it + easy / difficult / hard /... + t d sth.
Step 8 Drills
1. 写出5个用“it”作为形式主语或形式宾语的句子并指出其成分。
It is generus f Bill Gates t dnate his mney t the pr. 形式主语
It is impssible fr such a little by t carry the heavy bag. 形式主语
It is n use crying ver spilt milk. 形式主语
It is amazing that he did it n his wn. 形式主语
I find it difficult t understand his idea. 形式宾语
2. Abut Shanghai
Miss Thmpsn, a British teacher travelling with the exchange students, is writing dwn what she thinks abut Shanghai. Help her cmplete her ntes with it.
Traffic: The traffic is ften busy, but public transprt here is quite gd, s (1)___________ (easy) fr peple t get arund.
Weather: (2)___________ (sunny) and warm. We like (3)___________ here.
Envirnment: (4)___________ (said) that the air is nt clean here, but I d nt think the pllutin is as serius as I imagined.
Sights: Shanghai is beautiful. (5)___________ (fun) t ride arund the city and visit the interesting places.
Fd: Chinese fd is delicius. I will ask my family t g t a Chinese restaurant and try (6)___________ when I get back.
Htel: We all think (7)___________ (cmfrtable) t stay in this htel. They prvide a high level f service.
Peple: The lcal peple are friendly. (8)___________ (kind) f them t answer all ur questins.
Answers: (1) it is easy (2) It is sunny (3) it (4) It is said
(5) It is fun (6)it (7)it (is) cmfrtable (8)It is kind
Step 9 Language pints
1. The lake is very big—it takes up three quarters f the area.
湖很大，占了四分之三的面积。
(1) take up 占据（空间）；占用（时间）
The table takes up t much space. 这张桌子太占地方了。
(2) quarter n. 四分之一 three quarters 四分之三
2. Acrss the lake is a 17-hle bridge. There are many stne lins n either side f it. 湖上有一座十七孔桥，桥两边有很多石狮子。
倒装句。表示方位的词或短语置于句首时，句子要完全倒装。
On the wall are sme pictures. 墙上有一些图画。
either det. & prn. 两者之一
不是……就是……
n either side f = n bth sides f
Yu may take either f the rads. 两条路你随便走哪一条。
Tm is ging t buy either a guitar r a pian.
汤姆不是要买一把吉他就是要买一架钢琴。
Step 10 Hmewrk
1. Review the grammar we’ve learned tday.
2. Finish the related exercises.
3. Preview Integrated skills & Study skills n pages15-17.
Unit 1 Asia
Grammar
Using it as
a prnun
Using it as
an impersnal prnun
Using it t replace
the real subject
r bject
人
物
或事
时间
日期
天气
距离
it作为形式主语
it作为形式宾语
板书设计
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