甘肃省兰州市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题（解析版）

这是一份甘肃省兰州市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题（解析版），共15页。试卷主要包含了完形填空，阅读理解，任务型完形填空，任务型阅读理解，词汇考查，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分, 满分 10 分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳答案。
My mther asked me when I was yung: “what’s the mst imprtant part f yur bdy? ”
I said, “Is it ur ___1___? ”
“N,” she said. “Because there are still many peple wh can’t hear things. Keep thinking and I’ll ask yu ___2___ later.”
Three years passed befre she asked me again. This time I said “ ___3___ is imprtant, s it must be ur eyes.”
“N, “she said. “Because there are many peple wh can’t ___4___ things.”
I kept this questin in my mind. My mm asked me a cuple mre times and the nly reply I gt was, “Yu are getting ___5___. ”
Last year, Grandpa ___6___. Everybdy was quite sad. When it was ur turn t say gdbye t Grandpa, she asked me, “Have yu figured ut the mst imprtant part f the bdy? ”
I was shcked when she asked me this. “This questin is very imprtant hw yu answer it shws whether yu have learned abut life. Tday is the day yu need t ___7___ this lessn.”
She lked at me the way nly a mther can. I saw tears in her eyes. She said, “My dear, the mst imprtant part f the bdy is yur ___8___. ”
“Is it because it hlds up yur head? ”
“N,” she replied. “It is because it can ___9___ the head f a friend r lved ne when they cry. Everybdy needs a shulder t cry n smetimes. I nly hpe yu have enugh lve and friends s yu will have a shulder t cry n when yu ___10___ it. And I hpe yu can be the shulder fr smene when yu are needed.
1. A. handsB. earsC. eyesD. legs
2. A. againB. mreC. allD. finally
3. A. SightB. SmellC. SenseD. Strength
4. A. tasteB. hearC. feelD. see
5. A. furtherB. smallerC. wrseD. clser
6. A. mved utB. gt wellC. passed awayD. went away
7. A. teachB. causeC. learnD. buy
8. A. heartB. shulderC. brainD. feet
9. A. hld upB. hld nC. hld backD. hld ff
10. A. askB. needC. leaveD. pick
【答案】1. B2. A3. A4. D5. D6. C7. C8. B9. A10. B
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲了作者的妈妈询问作者身体最重要的部分是什么，作者的回答妈妈都不满意，最后妈妈告诉他最重要的身体部位是肩膀，在每个人需要的时候可以靠一靠。
【1题】
句意：我说：“是我们的耳朵吗？”
hands手；ears耳朵；eyes眼睛；legs腿。根据“Because there are still many peple wh can’t hear things.”可知，作者回答的是耳朵。故选B。
【2题】
句意：继续想我以后再问你。
again再；mre更多；all所有；finally最终。根据“Three years passed befre she asked me again.”可知，是表达以后再问作者。故选A。
【3题】
句意：这次我说：“视觉很重要，所以一定是我们的眼睛。”
Sight视觉；Smell嗅觉；Sense感觉；Strength力量。根据“s it must be ur eyes.”可知，应表达视觉很重要。故选A。
【4题】
句意：因为有很多人看不见东西。
taste品尝；hear听；feel感觉；see看见。根据“s it must be ur eyes.”可知，应表达很多人不能看见东西。故选D。
【5题】
句意：我妈妈又问了我几次我得到的唯一回答是：“你越来越近了。”
further更远的；smaller更小的；wrse更坏的；clser更接近的。根据“My mm asked me a cuple mre times”可知，应表达作者越来越接近正确答案。故选D。
【6题】
句意：去年，爷爷去世了。
mved ut搬出；gt well康复；passed away去世；went away走开。根据“Everybdy was quite sad.”可知，是爷爷去世了。故选C。
【7题】
句意：今天是你需要学到这一课的日子。
teach教；cause引起；learn学；buy买。根据“This questin is very imprtant hw yu answer it shws whether yu have learned abut life.”可知，今天是学到这一课的日子。故选C。
【8题】
句意：她说，“亲爱的，身体最重要的部分是你的肩膀。”
heart心脏；shulder肩膀；brain大脑；feet脚。根据“Is it because it hlds up yur head?”可知，说的是肩膀。故选B。
【9题】
句意：这是因为当朋友或爱人哭泣时它可以支撑起他们的头。
hld up支撑；hld n稍等；hld back阻止；hld ff推迟。根据“Everybdy needs a shulder t cry n smetimes.”可知，应表达当朋友或爱人哭泣时可以支撑他们的头。故选A。
【10题】
句意：我只希望你有足够的爱和朋友这样当你需要时你就会有一个可以哭的肩膀。
ask问；need需要；leave离开；pick捡起。根据“yu will have a shulder t cry n when ”可知，当你需要时你希望有一个可以哭的肩膀。故选B。
二、阅读理解（共3小题；每小题10分, 满分30分）
阅读下面三段材料, 根据材料内容和要求, 从题后所给的四个选项中选择一个能回答所提问题的最佳答案。
A
阅读以上材料，根据其内容回答其后各个小题。
11. Lily’s father desn’t ________ at hme.
A. d the dishesB. ck
C. take ut the rubbishD. sweep the flr
12. Hw des Cindy g t schl?
A. By bike.B. By bus.C. By subway.D. By car.
13. The underlined part “give her a hand” means “________” in Chinese.
A. 清洗B. 帮助C. 闲逛D. 提高
14. Whse father des mst f the husewrk?
A. Lily’s.B. Cindy’s.C. Bruce’s.D. Peter’s.
15. Which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A. Lily wants t learn mre abut hw t d the husewrk.
B. Cindy’s father cleans the living rm every day.
C. Bruce’s father desn’t like t d chres.
D. Peter is ne year yunger than Bruce but ne year lder than Lily.
【答案】11. B12. D13. B14. D15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是四个孩子分别介绍了自己家的家务分配。
【11题】
细节理解题。根据第一栏中的“My father can nly d the dishes, sweep the flr and take ut the rubbish.”可知Lily的爸爸做的家务不包括做饭。故选B。
【12题】
细节理解题。根据第二栏中的“My father makes the bed, cleans the bedrms and drives me t schl every day.”可知Cindy的爸爸开车送她去上学。故选D。
【13题】
词句猜测题。根据“My father desn’t d a lt but he tries t help. He hangs up the clthes after my mther washes them”可知Bruce的爸爸总是尽力帮助他的妈妈做家务，由此可推测此处的“give her a hand”意思为“帮助”。故选B。
14题】
细节理解题。根据第四栏中的“S my father has t d mst f the husewrk.”可知Peter的爸爸做大部分的家务。故选D。
【15题】
推理判断题。根据四幅图上的内容可知Peter 15岁，Bruce 16岁，Lily 14岁，由此可知Peter比Bruce小一岁，但是比Lily大一岁。故选D。
B
Nwadays, sme teenagers have a lt f prblems in their life. One f the mst serius ne is that they have t much pressure abut family and schlwrk. It is f great imprtance fr students t find sme gd ways t release (释放) the pressure, A grup f students in N. 1 Middle Schl made a survey abut hw students released their pressure and what kinds f music they liked. 100 bys and 100 girls were asked in the survey. Here are the results:
Mst students said that it was easy and cnvenient t listen t music. When they were free, they culd listen t different kinds f music anytime and anywhere. Pp and cuntry music were the mst ppular. Students said they were cmfrtable and sweet. Instead, rck and rap were nt s ppular because mst students thught they were a little lud and nisy.
根据短义与图表内容，选择最佳答案。
16. N. 1 Middle Schl did the survey amng _________ students.
A. 100B. 150C. 200D. 300
17. _________ students released the pressure by playing games.
A. 30B. 40C. 50D. 60
18. Abut _________ bys like pp.
A. 99B. 95C. 90D. 50
19. Frm the chart， _________ is the mst ppular music amng girls.
A. ppB. cuntry musicC. light musicD. rck
20. What can we learn frm the passage and the survey results？
A. T release pressure，watching TV is mre ppular than ding sprts fr the students.
B. Cuntry music is the mst ppular music amng bys.
C. Fr the students，pp and rck are cmfrtable while rap is lud and nisy.
D. Mre girls like t listen t light music than bys d.
【答案】16. C17. D18. C19. A20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了现在一些青少年在生活中面临很多问题。
【16题】
细节理解题。根据“100 bys and 100 girls were asked in the survey.”可知，200个学生接受了调查。故选C。
【17题】
细节理解题。根据扇形统计图数据可知，30%的学生通过玩游戏释放压力。200×30%＝60，所以60个学生通过玩游戏释放压力。故选D。
【18题】
细节理解题。根据柱状统计图左边数据可知，流行乐对应的男生的数量是90。故选C。
【19题】
细节理解题。根据柱状统计图右边数据可知，最高的是流行乐对应的数量，所以流行乐在女生中最受欢迎。故选A。
【20题】
细节理解题。根据柱状统计图轻音乐对应的两组数据可知，右边高度高于左边，即女生喜欢轻音乐的人数比男生多。故选D。
C
There are many classic cultures in China. All f them have a very lng histry. Here we intrduce sme f them.
根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项
21. What did Wang Xizhi play an imprtant rle in?
A. Chinese handwriting.B. Chinese flk music.C. Chinese painting.D. Chinese art.
22. Which f the fllwing is a traditinal Chinese musical instrument?
A. Guitar.B. Erhu.C. Vilin.D. Pian.
23. Which classic culture can teach us a lessn that “Life is like playing chess, n regrets (落子无悔).”?
A. Chinese Painting.B. Weiqi.C. Chinese Handwriting.D. Chess.
24. Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A. Chinese cultures are ppular nly in China.
B. Chinese handwriting is a special art t Western culture.
C. Chinese cultures have a lng histry.
D. All the Chinese paintings in ancient China were dne n paper r silk.
25. Where can we prbably read the passage in a magazine?
A. Newspaper.B. Histry.C. Sprts.D. Culture.
【答案】21. A22. B23. B24. C25. D
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了中国的四种经典文化：书法、民乐、国画、围棋。
【21题】
细节理解题。根据表格第一栏“Wang Xizhi is very famus fr his handwriting. He made a great difference t the develpment f Kaishu.”可知，王羲之是书法家，因此在中国书法中扮演着重要角色。故选A。
【22题】
细节理解题。根据表格第二栏中最后一句“Traditinal Chinese musical instruments indlude guqin, guzheng, pipa, erhu, xia and s n.”可知，选项中只有二胡是中国传统乐器。故选B。
【23题】
推理判断题。根据表格第四栏中“Weiqi, called ‘yi’ in ancient China, is a smart bard game between tw players with a histry fr ver 3, 000 years.”可知，“落子无悔”说的是围棋。故选B。
【24题】
细节理解题。根据“All f them have a very lng histry.”可知，中国的经典文化都有着悠久的历史。故选C。
【25题】
推理判断题。根据文章开头“There are many classic cultures in China. All f them have a very lng histry. Here we intrduce sme f them.”可知，本文介绍了中国的四种经典文化，由此推知我们可以在杂志的文化部分读到这篇文章。故选D。
三、任务型完形填空（共10题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
短文填空：用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确（每个单词限用一次。每空限填一个单词。）
I like reading. I lve many different ____26____ f bks, because they nt nly pen my mind but als give ____27____ curage.
Up t nw I have ____28____ a lt f bks, such as magazines, nvels and strybks. But ne f the bks that I like ____29____ is The Stry f My Life. It was written by an American writer Helen Keller in 1902. She ____30____ a blind, deaf and dumb persn. In the bk, she wrte that she had nt been able t see, hear r speak since she was ne year and seven mnths ld. This unusual thing made her very sad. ____31____, she met her gd teacher, Miss Sullivan, at the age f seven. Helen was getting happier every day. Then, Miss Sullivan helped her learn hw t write English wrds. At ____32____, Miss Sullivan wrte sme wrds n Helen’s hands with her wn fingers again and again. Helen was a very hard-wrking girl. She _____33_____ t remember wrds as much as pssible. After that, she wrte many famus _____34_____. The Stry f My Life is ne f them.
The Stry f My Life describes her hard struggle (奋斗) t becme a gd writer and educatr f the wrld.
It shws us an imprtant truth: Nthing is ____35____ if yu put yur heart int it! This is why I like it best. What abut yu?
【答案】26. kinds27. me
28. read29. best
30. was31. Luckily
32. first33. tried
34. bks35. difficult
【解析】
【导语】本文通过介绍海伦·凯勒的故事告诉我们：世上无难事，只怕有心人。
【26题】
句意：我喜欢各种各样的书。根据“different…f bks”可知，此处指“各种各样的书”。different kinds f“不同种类的”。故填kinds。
【27题】
句意：因为它们不仅打开了我的心灵，还给了我勇气。根据“give…curage”可知，是给了“我”勇气。动词give后用宾格。故填me。
【28题】
句意：到目前为止，我已经读了很多书，比如杂志、小说和故事书。根据“Up t nw”可知，句子为现在完成时，即have/has+dne。此处指“读书”，read的过去分词是read。故填read。
【29题】
句意：但我最喜欢的书之一是《假如给我三天光明》。like best“最喜欢”。故填best。
【30题】
句意：她是一位又盲又聋又哑的人。根据“She…a blind, deaf and dumb persn.”可知，此处缺少be动词，句子时态为一般过去时，主语是she，故be动词用was。故填was。
【31题】
句意：幸运地是，她在7岁时遇到了她的好老师沙利文女士。根据“she met her gd teacher, Miss Sullivan”可知，此处指“幸运地”，应该填一个副词，修饰整个句子。lucky的副词是luckily，放在句首首字母要大写。故填Luckily。
32题】
句意：首先，沙利文女士用自己的手指在海伦的手上一遍又一遍地写下了一些字。at first“首先”，固定短语。故填first。
【33题】
句意：她尽可能多地记住单词。try t d sth.“尽力去做某事”，此处应该用try的过去式tried。故填tried。
【34题】
句意：从那以后，她写了很多名著。根据“she wrte…”可知，她写了很多书。many后接可数名词复数。故填bks。
【35题】
句意：它向我们展示了一个重要的真理：世上无难事，只怕有心人。根据“Nthing is… ”以及结合备选词可知，此空应该填一个形容词。difficulty的形容词是difficult“困难的”符合语境。故填difficult。
四、任务型阅读理解（共计10分）
阅读下面的短文，根据短文后的要求答题。
Chapter 2
Frm Alice in Wnderland
Alice was nt hurt s she jumped t her feet in a mment. She lked up, and fund the White Rabbit was still in sight. She was clse behind it when she turned the crner, but the Rabbit was n lnger t be seen. She fund herself in a lng, lw hall.
There were drs all arund the hall, but they were all lcked.
Alice walked sadly dwn the middle, wndering hw she was ever t get ut again.
Suddenly, she came upn a little three-legged table. There was nthing n it but a tiny glden key, and Alice’s first idea was that this might belng t ne f the drs f the hall.
But, alas! Either the lcks (锁) were t large, r the key was t small. Hwever, n the secnd time rund, she came upn a lw curtain she had nt nticed befre and behind it was a little dr.
She tried the little glden key in the lck, and she was pleased t find it fitted!
根据短文内容，完成下列各题。
36. 根据短文内容填空。
Alice fund herself in a ________ and ________ hall.
37. What did Alice want t d when she gt t the hall?
A. She wanted t knw hw t get sme fd.
B. She wanted t knw where her sister was.
C. She wanted t find ut hw t get ut again.
D. She wanted t meet the Rabbit.
38. 请回答问题。
Where did Alice find the tiny glden key?
She fund the tiny glden key n a little ________.
39. 请选出划线部分的同义词。
She tried the little glden key in the lck, and she was pleased t find it fitted!
A. TiredB. ShckedC. InterestedD. Happy
40. 根据短文内容将文中划线部分句子翻译成汉语。
________________________________________________
【答案】36. ①. lng ②. lw37. C
38. three-legged table39. D
40. 大厅周围都有门，但都是锁着的。
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲了爱丽丝进入一个大厅的故事。
【36题】
根据第一段“She fund herself in a lng, lw hall.”可知她发现自己置身于一个又长又低的大厅里。故填lng；lw。
【37题】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Alice walked sadly dwn the middle, wndering hw she was ever t get ut again.”可知，爱丽丝想知道怎么才可以出去。故选C。
【38题】
根据第四段“Suddenly, she came upn a little three-legged table. There was nthing n it but a tiny glden key,…”可知爱丽丝在一张三条腿的小桌子前发现了一把小小的金钥匙。故填three-legged table。
【39题】
词义猜测题。根据最后一段“She tried the little glden key in the lck, and she was pleased t find it fitted!”可知最后找到了，可推知是高兴的，划线单词的含义为“高兴的”。故选D。
【40题】
There were有， there be句型的一般过去时；drs门；all arund the hall大厅周围；but但是，表示转折；all都；lcked锁着的，形容词。故填：大厅周围都有门，但都是锁着的。
五、词汇考查（共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分）
请根据汉语意思或提示, 写出正确的单词形式。
41. I saw an ld man ________ (lie) n the side f the rad just nw.
【答案】lying
【解析】
句意：我刚刚看见一位老人躺在路边。lie躺，动词。see sb. ding sth.“看见某人正在做某事”，固定搭配，填现在分词lying。故填lying。
42. Ann ften ges t schl withut ________ (have) breakfast.
【答案】having
【解析】
句意：安经常不吃早饭就去上学。withut是介词，后面跟动名词形式。故填having。
43. Andrew ften des DIY with different ________ (knife) in his free time.
【答案】knives
【解析】
句意：安德鲁经常在空闲时间用不同的刀做手工。
different+名词复数。knife的复数是knives。故填knives。
44. At weekends, my sister ften learns English by ________ (she).
【答案】herself
【解析】
句意：在周末，我的姐姐经常自学英语。learn by neself意为“自学”。 故填herself。
45. He is famus nt nly fr his talent but als fr his ________ (kind).
【答案】kindness
【解析】
句意：他不仅以他的才华而闻名，而且以他的善良而闻名。句中“his”为形容词性物主代词，后面需跟名词，形容词kind的名词为kindness，意为“善良”，不可数。故填kindness。
46. Culd yu please ________ (g) t the schl party with me?
【答案】g
【解析】
句意：你能和我一起学校聚会吗？Culd yu please d sth.?“你能做某事吗？”，情态动词Culd后谓语动词用原形g。故填g。
47. Why nt ________ t smene when yu feel sad? (talk)
【答案】talk
【解析】
句意：当你难过的时候为什么不跟别人谈谈呢？why nt d sth“为什么不做某事”，固定搭配，空处用动词原形talk“谈话”。故填talk。
48. Firstly, listen carefully. ____ (tw), write them dwn.
【答案】Secndly
【解析】
【分析】
句意：首先，仔细听。其次，把它们写下来。根据“Firstly”可知此处应该是“其次”，基数词tw“二”改为secndly“其次”，副词，放句首，首字母大写。故填Secndly。
49. My sister was ________ (read) a bk in the study when I arrived hme.
【答案】reading
【解析】
句意：我到家时，姐姐正在书房看书。when引导的时间状语从句，表示一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行。由was可知，主句应用过去进行时态，填read的现在分词reading。故答案为：reading。
50. On my way hme, I ________ (sudden) remembered I left my keys at the ffice.
【答案】suddenly
【解析】
句意：在回家的路上，我突然想起我把钥匙忘在办公室了。sudden“突然的”，形容词，空处修饰动词remembered，用副词形式。故填suddenly。
六、书面表达（满分15分）
51. 动物是人类的朋友，然而由于环境污染、人类捕杀等原因，很多动物濒临灭绝。假如你是李华，你所在学校将在世界动物日到来之际，开展以“拯救动物”为主题的演讲活动。请你以“Let’s Prtect Whales!”为题，从鲸鱼的习性、现状和原因、采取措施等方面完善思维导图，并根据导图写一篇英文演讲稿！
要求：
(l) 参照以上提示，适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
(2) 文中不得出现任何你的真实信息(校名、姓名和地名等等)；
(3) 词数80词左右(标题开头已给出，不计入总词数)。
Let’s Prtect Whales!
Dear friends,
It’s my great hnur t give a speech tday!
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
Let’s Prtect Whales!
Dear friends,
It’s my great hnur t give a speech tday! Whales live mainly in the sea. They eat small fish and ther sea lives. They are mammals. But because f water pllutin and human fishing, their numbers are dwindling. In rder t prtect them, we must nt buy their prducts. N sale, n harm. At the same time, we have t reduce pllutin and prtect the cean. Animals are ur friends. We live n the same earth tgether. Let’s act tgether t prtect whales.
【解析】
[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇演讲稿；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：根据所给提示完成写作，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，语意连贯。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图，介绍有关鲸鱼的一些事实，如习性；
第二步，介绍鲸鱼所处的现状和原因；
第三步，介绍建议采取的措施并书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①mainly主要地
②mammal哺乳动物
③dwindle减少
④in rder t为了
⑤reduce减少
[高分句型]
Let’s act tgether t prtect whales.(祈使句)My mther des mst f the husewrk like cking and cleaning the rm. My father can nly d the dishes, sweep the flr and take ut the rubbish. He wants t learn mre abut hw t d the husewrk.
Each f my parents des 50% f the husewrk. My mther des the cking and washing. She cleans the living rm every day. My father makes the bed, cleans the bedrms and drives me t schl every day.
My father desn’t d a lt but he tries t help. He hangs up the clthes after my mther washes them and my mther is happy that he can always give her a hand.
My mther is a dctr. She is busy with her wrk every day, s she has little time t d the husewrk. In fact, she isn’t gd at ding it. S my father has t d mst f the husewrk. Smetimes my grand-mther cmes t help.
Chinese Handwriting
Chinese handwriting is a special art t Asian culture. Brush handwriting is much lved arund the wrld. Wang Xizhi is very famus fr his handwriting. He made a great difference t the develpment f Kaishu.
Chinese Flk Music
China has a clrful culture. It is cnnected with Chinese ancient stries. Chinese flk music has a lng histry. One f the classics, Shijing, included sme flk sngs in 15 different areas frm the West Zhu t Spring and Autumn Dynasty. Traditinal Chinese musical instruments include guqin, guzheng, pipa, erhu, xia and s n.
Chinese Painting
Chinese painting is ne f the ldest art frms in the wrld. Mst f the Chinese paintings in ancient China were dne n paper r silk. Traditinal Chinese painting includes muntains and water, figures (人物), flwers and birds. The highest frm f Chinese painting is muntains and water.
Weiqi
Weiqi, called “yi” in ancient China, is a smart bard game between tw players with a histry fr ver 3, 000 years. The game can be treated as the beginning f all ancient chess games. It was intrduced t Krea abut 2, 000 years ag and was ppular amng the higher classes (阶层).
I, try, be, lucky, read, bk, kind, difficulty, well, ne