[英语]上海市宝山区2023-2024学年高一下学期期末教学质量监测试题(解析版)

这是一份[英语]上海市宝山区2023-2024学年高一下学期期末教学质量监测试题(解析版)，共19页。试卷主要包含了 serving 2， hw 7， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Listening Cmprehensin(略)
Grammar and Vcabulary
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Sra: OpenAl will nw let yu create vides frm verbal cues
Artificial intelligence leader OpenAI intrduced a new AI mdel called Sra which it claims can create “realistic” and “imaginative” 60-secnd vides frm quick text instructins. In a blg pst n Wednesday, the cmpany said Sra is capable f generating vides up t 60 secnds in length frm text instructins, ____1____ (serve) up scenes with multiple characters, specific types f mtin, and detailed backgrund details.
This is the latest effrt frm the cmpany behind the viral chatbt ChatGPT, ____2____ cntinues t push the generative AI mvement frward. ____3____ “multi-mdal mdels” are nt new and text-t-vide mdels already exist, what sets this apart is the length and accuracy that OpenAI claims Sra t have, accrding t Reece Hayden, a senir analyst at market research firm ABI Research. Hayden said these types f AI mdels ____4____ have a big impact n digital entertainment.
Sra ____5____ (make) available t nline security prfessrs sn in rder t assess the prduct fr harms r risks. It is als granting access t a number f visual artists, designers and filmmakers t cllect feedback n ____6____ creative prfessinals culd use it.
Fr nw, OpenAI said Sra is still a wrk ____7____ prgress with clear “weaknesses,” particularly when it cmes t spatial details f a prmpt-mixing up left and right-and cause and effect. The latest update cmes as OpenAI cntinues t advance ChatGPT. Earlier this week, the cmpany said it is testing a feature in which users can cntrl ChatGPT’s memry, allwing them t ask the platfrm t remember chats t make future cnversatins ____8____ (persnalized) r tell it t frget smething previusly ____9____ (discuss). The cmpany als said it plans t wrk with a team f experts _____10_____ (test) the latest mdel and lk clsely at varius areas including misinfrmatin, hateful cntent and prejudice.
【答案】1. serving 2. which 3. While/Thugh/Althugh 4. can 5. will be made
6. hw 7. in 8. mre persnalized 9. discussed 10. t test
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了OpenAI新推出的AI模型Sra，该模型能根据简短文本指令生成长达60秒的视频，有望深刻影响数字娱乐领域。
【1题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：周三，该公司在博客文章中表示，Sra能够根据简短的文字指令生成长达60秒的视频，提供包含多个角色、特定类型的动作和详细背景细节的场景。空处位于省略that的宾语从句中，根据从句谓语动词is可知，空处需用非谓语动词形式作伴随状语，动词serve“提供”与从句主语Sra之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填serving。
【2题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是风靡一时的聊天机器人ChatGPT背后的公司的最新努力，它继续推动生成人工智能运动向前发展。根据空前谓语动词is和空后谓语动词cntinues，且句子不能构成并列句，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the cmpany，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
【3题详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：ABI Research的高级分析师Reece Hayden表示，虽然“多模态模型”并不新鲜，文本到视频的模型已经存在，但根据OpenAI声称的Sra的长度和准确性，这使其与众不同。根据句子的谓语动词are和is，以及前后句意的对比转折关系可知，空处引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管，虽然”，可用while/thugh/althugh引导，空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填While/Thugh/Althugh。
【4题详解】考查情态动词。句意：Hayden说，这类AI模型可能对数字娱乐产生重大影响。空处位于省略that的宾语从句中，根据已有动词原形have及句意可知，空处需填情态动词，表示能力或可能性，应用can，表明这类模型有潜力带来大的影响。故填can。
【5题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：Sra 将很快提供给在线安全专家，以便他们评估该产品是否存在危害或风险。空处是句子的谓语动词，根据sn可知，句子讲述的是将来的事情，应用一般将来时，且Sra与make之间为被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be made。
【6题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：它还向一些视觉艺术家、设计师和电影制作人开放访问，以收集反馈，了解创意专业人士如何使用它。根据空前谓语动词is和空后谓语动词culd use可知，空处引导宾语从句作介词n的宾语，从句中缺少方式状语，应用hw引导，说明他们想要了解的是使用方式。故填hw。
【7题详解】考查介词短语。句意：目前，OpenAI表示Sra仍是一个正在进行中的工作，有明显的“弱点”，特别是在空间细节提示方面会混淆左右和因果关系。in prgress为固定搭配，意为“正在进行中”。故填in。
【8题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：本周早些时候，该公司表示正在测试一项功能，该功能允许用户控制ChatGPT的记忆，使他们能够要求平台记住聊天内容，以便使未来的对话更加个性化，或者告诉它忘记之前讨论过的某事。根据空前make future cnversatins可知，此处应用形容词作宾补，且与未使用此功能前的情况相比，应用形容词persnalized的比较级mre persnalized表示“更加个性化的”。故填mre persnalized。
【9题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：本周早些时候，该公司表示正在测试一项功能，该功能允许用户控制ChatGPT的记忆，使他们能够要求平台记住聊天内容，以便使未来的对话更加个性化，或者告诉它忘记之前讨论过的某事。根据空前的不定代词smething和副词previusly可知，空处需用discuss的适当形式与previusly一起修饰smething，smething与discuss之间为被动关系，应用过去分词discussed，作后置定语。故填discussed。
【10题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该公司还表示，计划与一个专家团队合作，测试最新模型，并密切关注包括错误信息、恶意内容和偏见在内的各个领域。空处位于省略that的宾语从句中，根据从句谓语动词plans可知，空处需用非谓语动词形式，空处表目的，应用不定式形式t test，说明与专家团队合作的目的。故填t test。
Sectin B
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the wrds in the bx. Each wrd can nly be used nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
Frm rughly the 16th t 19th centuries, much f the Earth was caught by a persistent freezing cld. During this time, the Nrthern Hemisphere (半球) experienced lng stretches f temperatures s cld that peple witnessed crps ____11____ and rivers freezing — like the Scheldt River. Thusands f peple walking and playing acrss the frzen River Thames; Sldiers n hrseback seeing ships ____12____ in the ice; Natives using snwshes t utsmart the English army…These were sme f the images that define the Little Ice Age — a perid f several centuries last millennium in which parts f the Nrthern Hemisphere struggled with a(n) ____13____ cld. But what caused the Little Ice Age, hw lng did it last, hw did peple ____14____ t the freezing cld — and what lessns can we learn as we enter ur wn perid f climatic change?
The Little Ice Age was nt a true ice age — ____15____cling was prbably nly in the rder f 0.5 degrees Celsius, r 1 degree Fahrenheit — r was it cnsistently cld. Dagmar Degrt, assciate prfessr f envirnmental histry at Gergetwn University has ____16____t the era as a series f “little ice ages.”
Althugh sme researchers argue it may have begun earlier, NASA defines the Little Ice Age as beginning arund 1550 and ____17____ f three cld peaks-arund 1650,1770 and 1850.
Scientists are still wrking ut ____18____ what caused the Little Ice Age t. Theries ____19____ frm decreased slar activity t increased vlcanic eruptins, t the decline f ppulatins in Nrth America, which allwed frests t replace agricultural land, in the prcess remving abut seven billin tns f carbn frm the atmsphere. A 2022 study argued that the ______20______ trigger was actually a rise f extremely warm water flwing nrth frm the trpics in the late 1300s, which pushed Arctic ice int the Nrth Atlantic.
Whatever the cause, the cnsequences f the Little Ice Age have a lasting effect n histry, althugh t what extent is still cntrversial.
【答案】11. G 12. F 13. H 14. B 15. D 16. I 17. C 18. E 19. K 20. J
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地球北半球的小冰河时期的情况。
【11题详解】考查动词。句意：在此期间，北半球经历了长时间的低温，人们目睹了庄稼歉收，河流冻结，比如斯海尔德河。根据“the Nrthern Hemisphere experienced lng stretches f temperatures”以及句意“歉收”可知应填fail，此处为现在分词作宾补。故选G。
【12题详解】考查动词。句意：成千上万的人在结冰的泰晤士河上散步玩耍；马背上的士兵看见船陷在冰里；当地人用雪鞋智胜英国军队……根据“in the ice”以及句意“陷在”可知应填过去分词stuck，作宾补。故选F。
【13题详解】考查副词。句意：这些是小冰河期的一些图像——上个千年的几个世纪里，北半球的部分地区与极度寒冷作斗争。根据“These were sme f the images that define the Little Ice Age”以及句意“极度”可知应填副词extremely，修饰。故选H。
【14题详解】考查动词。句意：但是，是什么导致了小冰期，它持续了多长时间，人们是如何适应寒冷的，当我们进入自己的气候变化时期时，我们能学到什么？根据“t the freezing cld”以及句意“适应”可知应填动词adapt，此处为特殊疑问句，应填原形。故选B。
【15题详解】考查形容词。句意：小冰河期并不是真正的冰河期——持续的降温可能只有0.5摄氏度，或者1华氏度——也不是一直寒冷。根据“nr was it cnsistently cld”以及句意“持续的”可知应填形容词persistent，修饰名词cling。故选D。
【16题详解】考查动词。句意：乔治城大学环境史副教授达格马尔·德格鲁特把这个时代称为一系列的“小冰河期”。根据“t the era as a series f “little ice ages.””以及句意“称为”可知应填refer，根据has可知为现在完成时。故选I。
【17题详解】考查动词。句意：尽管一些研究人员认为它可能开始得更早，但美国宇航局将小冰川期定义为大约始于1550年，由三个寒冷的高峰组成——大约在1650年、1770年和1850年。根据“f three cld peaks-arund 1650,1770 and 1850”以及句意“由……组成”可知应填cnsist，作介词as的宾语，应用动名词形式。故选C。
【18题详解】考查副词。句意：科学家们还在研究导致小冰河期的确切原因。根据“what caused the Little Ice Age t”以及句意“确切”可知应填副词exactly，作状语。故选E。
【19题详解】考查动词。句意：从太阳活动减少到火山爆发增加，再到北美人口的减少，这使得森林取代了农田，在这个过程中从大气中去除了大约70亿吨的碳。根据“frm decreased slar activity t increased vlcanic eruptins, t the decline f ppulatins in Nrth America”以及句意“范围变化”可知应填动词range，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为复数名词，谓语用原形。故选K。
【20题详解】考查形容词。句意：2022年的一项研究认为，最初的触发因素实际上是14世纪后期从热带向北流动的极暖水上升，将北极的冰推入北大西洋。根据“trigger was actually a rise f extremely warm water flwing nrth frm the trpics in the late 1300s,which pushed Arctic ice int the Nrth Atlantic”以及句意“最初的”可知应填形容词initial，作定语修饰名词trigger。故选J。
Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
Perhaps n issue attracts mre senir leadership attentin than grwth des, and fr gd reasn. ___21___in gains and prfits is the standard by which we tend t measure the cmpetitive fitness and health f cmpanies. Analysts, investrs, and bards are especially cncerned abut grwth___22___t get insight int stck prices. ___23___are attracted t faster-grwing cmpanies because they ffer better pprtunities fr advancement and higher pay. Suppliers prefer faster-grwing custmers because wrking with them imprves their wn grwth prspects.
While sustained prfitable grwth is a nearly universal gal, it is a(n) ___24___ne fr many cmpanies. Many researchers cnducted n the lng-term patterns f grwth in U.S. crpratins suggest that when inflatin is___25___, mst cmpanies barely grw. ___26___in an analysis f 10,897 publicly held U.S. cmpanies frm 1976 t 2019, researchers fund that firms in the tp quartile grew at an inflatin-adjusted average f 11.8% per year, but thse in the lwer three quartiles experienced little r n grwth (0.3%, 0.03%, and 0.5%, respectively). And the majrity f firms in the tp quartile were unable t ___27___ superir grwth perfrmance fr mre than a few years.
Over the past tw decades, I have tried t understand why sme cmpanies are effective at sustaining grwth. I have fund that while the usual explanatins, such as market frces and technlgical changes d play a rle, many cmpanies’ grwth prblems are dne by themselves. ___28___, firms apprach grwth in a highly reactive, pprtunistic manner. When market demand is bming, they thrw resurces at develping new capacity, and build ut rganizatinal infrastructure withut thinking thrugh the ___29___— fr example, whether their perating systems and prcesses can scale, hw rapid grwth might affect crprate culture and what wuld happen if demand slws. In the prcess f chasing grwth, cmpanies can easily destry the things that made them _____30_____in the first place, such as their capacity fr innvatin, their great custmer service, r their unique cultures.
21. A. AttentinB. LeadershipC. GrwthD. Insight
22. A. requirementsB. prspectsC. strugglesD. develpments
23. A. BssesB. InvestrsC. EmplyeesD. Prducers
24. A. difficultB. achievableC. inevitableD. easy
25. A. based nB. tracked dwnC. equipped withD. taken int accunt
26. A. Fr instanceB. On the cntraryC. As a resultD. What’s mre
27. A. imprveB. sustainC. recgnizeD. decline
28. A. RespectivelyB. UltimatelyC. SpecificallyD. Reasnably
29. A. benefitsB. pprtunitiesC. technlgiesD. implicatins
30. A. typicalB. technicalC. happyD. successful
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了经济增长对企业的优势，并分析了一些公司存在增长问题的原因。
【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：收益和利润的增长是我们衡量公司竞争力的标准。A. Attentin注意；B. Leadership领导力；C. Grwth增长；D. Insight洞察力。根据前文“Perhaps n issue attracts mre senir leadership attentin than grwth des”及后文“in gains and prfits”可知，收益和利润的增长是衡量公司竞争力的标准。故选C项。
【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：分析师、投资者和董事会尤其关注增长前景，以了解股价。A. requirements要求；B. prspects前景；C. struggles奋斗；D. develpments发展。根据前文“Analysts，investrs，and bards”及后文“t get insight int stck prices”可知，分析师、投资者和董事会需要了解增长前景如何，才能预测股价。故选B项。
【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：员工被快速发展的公司所吸引，因为他们提供更好的晋升机会和更高的薪水。A. Bsses老板；B. Investrs投资者；C. Emplyees员工；D. Prducers生产者。根据后文“because they ffer better pprtunities fr advancement and higher pay”可知，更好的晋升机会和更高的薪水可以吸引就业者。故选C项。
【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然持续的盈利增长几乎是一个普遍的目标，但对许多公司来说，这是一个困难的目标。A. difficult困难的；B. achievable可实现的；C. inevitable不可避免的；D. easy容易的。根据前文“While sustained prfitable grwth is a nearly universal gal”及后文“mst cmpanies barely grw.”可知，前后构成转折，虽然这是普遍的目标，但对许多公司来说，这也是一个困难的目标。故选A项。
【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：许多关于美国公司长期增长模式的研究表明，如果考虑到通货膨胀，大多数公司几乎没有增长。A. based n以……为基础；B. tracked dwn追踪；C. equipped with有……的配置；D. taken int accunt被考虑在内。根据前文“inflatin”及后文“mst cmpanies barely grw.”可知，将通货膨胀考虑在内的话，大多数公司几乎没有增长。故选D项。
【26题详解】考查短语辨析。句意：例如，在对1976年至2019年10897家美国上市公司的分析中，研究人员发现，排名前四分之一的公司经通胀调整后的年平均增长率为11.8%，但排名后四分之三的公司几乎没有增长(分别为0.3%、0.03%和0.5%)。A. Fr instance例如；B. On the cntrary相反；C. As a result作为结果；D. What’s mre更重要的是。根据前文“mst cmpanies barely grw.”及后文“but thse in the lwer three quartiles experienced little r n grwth”可知，此处举例证明了在通货膨胀的影响下，大多数公司几乎没有增长的事实。故选A项。
【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：排名前四分之一的大多数公司都无法在数年内保持优异的增长表现。A. imprve提高；B. sustain保持；C. recgnize认出；D. decline下降。根据前文“firms in the tp quartile grew at an inflatin-adjusted average f 11.8%per year”及后文“superir grwth perfrmance fr mre than a few years”可知，虽然一开始排名前四分之一的公司经通胀调整后的年平均增长率较高，但这种优异的增长表现无法一直保持。故选B项。
【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：具体来说，公司以一种高度反应性、机会主义的方式接近增长。A. Respectively分别地；B. UItimately最终地；C. Specifically具体地，确切地说；D. Reasnably通情达理地。根据前文“many cmpanies’ grwth prblems are dne by themselves”及后文“firms apprach grwth in a highly reactive, pprtunistic manner.”可知，作者认为一些公司的增长问题主要是自身的原因造成的，后文对此进行了具体的说明。故选C项。
【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当市场需求激增时，他们把资源投入到开发新能力上，并在不考虑其影响的情况下建立组织基础设施——例如，他们的操作系统和流程是否可以扩展，快速增长可能对企业文化产生何种影响，以及如果需求放缓会发生什么。A. benefits好处；B. pprtunities机会；C. technlgies科技；D. implicatins可能的影响。根据后文“whether their perating systems and prcesses can scale, hw rapid grwth might affect crprate culture and what wuld happen if demand slws.”可知，这些都是公司在建立组织基础设施时，没有考虑到的问题，他们盲目而迅速地做出决策，没有考虑这些决策可能的影响。故选D项。
【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在追求增长的过程中，公司很容易毁掉最初让他们成功的东西，比如创新能力、出色的客户服务或独特的文化。A. typical典型的；B. technical技术的；C. happy开心的；D. successful成功的。根据后文“such as their capacity fr innvatin, their great custmer service, r their unique cultures.”可知，创新能力、出色的客户服务或独特的文化都是可以让一家公司成功的因素。故选D项。
Sectin B
Directins: Rend the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statement. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
Adapted frm Shanghai writer Jin Yucheng’s Ma Dun Literature Prize winning nvel, Fan Hua (Blssms), the series — which primarily takes place between 1993 and 1994 — fllws the juney f Ah Ba, an ambitius everyman wh takes every chance and rises t becme a legendary figure in the city’s mst upper-class cmmercial circles. Aside frm emphasizing his ability t seize pprtunities in the stck and freign trade markets, the plt als fllws his delicate, and rmance-like relatinships with three wmen.
The enthusiasm the drama has stirred up has led t turists flding t the shw’s lcatins, such as the Fairmnt Peace Htel, which is where he rents a luxurius rm t d business, and Huanghe Rad, which was lined with the mst high-end restaurants in the 1990s. Other examples include fans waiting in lng queues utside restaurants t rder a plate f fried prk chps with rice cakes, a traditinal Shanghai dish that Bss Ba always rders. The drama’s ppularity even extends t its sundtrack. Steal One’s Heart, a sng used t set the heartbreaking atmsphere in a particular scene gains newfund ppularity.
Cnsidered by sme critics as a lve letter frm the directr t Shanghai, the city sht thrugh the lens aruses a feeling that is bth familiar and fresh. While shwing landmarks like the Bund and the Oriental Pearl Twer, the drama als presents Shanghai’s cityscape in a brighter and warmer manner, as if the city has been plished by the memry f smene wh lves it deeply.
Buxiang, a phrase that means “keeping silent” and which represents the cncept f keeping a lw prfile in the Shanghai dialect, is ne f the mst frequently heard phrases in the drama. Hwever, the shw’s ppularity has caused the phrase t becme a hit, as sme fans n majr review sites like Duban, where the drama has received a rating f 8.5 ut f 10, have cmmented.
31. Which f the fllwing statements is NOT true abut the bk Fan Hua?
A. The nvel nce wn Ma Dun Literature Prize.
B. Its her Ah Ba brn frm a wealthy family became a legend.
C. The nvel fcuses n Ah Ba’s ability t catch pprtunities.
D. Ah Ba’s relatinships with ther female characters are vividly described.
32. What is the main idea f paragraph 2?
A. Why is the drama s ppular amng turists?
B. What d sme critics think f the drama?
C. Hw d peple shw their lve fr the drama?
D. What kinds f fd are mentined in the drama?
33. Which f the fllwing can be used t describe Shanghai presented in the drama?
A. Ppular but hard t understand.
B. Familiar but smewhat different.
C. Bright but dark at heart.
D. Warm but distant in sme way.
【答案】31. B 32. C 33. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了改编自金宇澄的茅盾文学奖获奖小说《繁花》的电视剧，讲述了主人公阿宝在1993年至1994年间抓住机遇，成为商业圈传奇人物的故事。同时，该剧也展示了主人公与三位女性的情感纠葛，引起了观众的热烈反响，带动了拍摄地点的旅游热潮，并提升了剧中的歌曲和方言词汇的知名度。。
【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“the series — which primarily takes place between 1993 and 1994 — fllws the jurney f Ah Ba, an ambitius everyman(该剧的故事背景设定在1993年到1994年之间，讲述了一个雄心勃勃的普通人阿宝的人生之旅)”可知，阿宝原本是一个普通人。B项“它的主人公阿宝出生在一个富裕的家庭，成为一个传奇”是错误描述。故选B项。
【32题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中“The enthusiasm the drama has stirred up has led t turists flding t the shw’s lcatins, such as the Fairmnt Peace Htel, which is where he rents a luxurius rm t d business, and Huanghe Rad, which was lined with the mst high-end restaurants in the 1990s. Other examples include fans waiting in lng queues utside restaurants t rder a plate f fried prk chps with rice cakes, a traditinal Shanghai dish that Bss Ba always rders. The drama’s ppularity even extends t its sundtrack. Steal One’s Heart, a sng used t set the heartbreaking atmsphere in a particular scene gains newfund ppularity.(这部剧掀起的热潮导致游客蜂拥至剧中的拍摄地点，比如他租下豪华房间做生意的费尔蒙和平饭店，以及上世纪90年代到处都是高档餐厅的黄河路。其他例子还包括，粉丝们在餐厅外排起长队，只为点一盘炸猪排年糕，这是包老板经常点的一道传统上海菜。这部剧的受欢迎程度甚至延伸到了它的配乐上。《偷一个人的心》，这首歌用来在一个特定的场景中营造令人心碎的氛围)”可知，第二段主要描写了电视剧激起了人们对拍摄地的热情和兴趣，粉丝们纷纷前行参观这些地方来体验这部剧的背景。所以第二段主要回答了“人们如何表达对这部剧的喜爱？”这一问题。故选C项。
【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Cnsidered by sme critics as a lve letter frm the directr t Shanghai, the city sht thrugh the lens aruses a feeling that is bth familiar and fresh.(一些评论家认为这是导演写给上海的情书，镜头下的这座城市唤起了一种既熟悉又新鲜的感觉)”可知，剧中的上海既熟悉又新鲜，有些不同。故选B项。
(B)
Talking therapies fr anxiety and depressin
Talking therapies, r psychlgical therapies, are effective treatments delivered by fully trained and qualified experts. They can help if yu’re struggling with things like feelings f depressin, excessive wrry, scial anxiety r pst-traumatic stress disrder (PTSD).
· Yu can access talking therapies fr free n the Natinal Health Service (NHS) in UK.
· Yu can refer yurself directly t a talking therapies service withut recmmendatin.
· Help is available in persn, by vide, ver the phne r as an nline curse.
What can talking therapies help with?
Yu d nt need t have a diagnsed mental health prblem first. Getting supprt as sn as yu start having difficulties can help t reduce their impact.
Yu may be:
· feeling anxius
· feeling lw and hpeless
· having panic attacks
· finding it hard t cpe with wrk, life r relatinships
· struggling with flashbacks and nightmares abut things frm yur past
· feeling stressed
Other things that talking therapies can help with include:
· wrrying a lt
· excessive thughts r behaviurs
· fear scial situatins
· being afraid f things, such as spiders, flying r heights
Types f talking therapies
There are a range f evidence-based talking therapies. Which therapy yu are ffered depends n which ne has been shwn t be mst helpful fr yur symptms.
Examples f talking therapies include:
· guided self-help-where a therapist caches yu as yu wrk thrugh a self-help curse in yur wn time, either using a wrkbk r an nline curse
· cgnitive behaviural therapy (CBT)-based n the idea that thughts, feelings, what we d, and hw ur bdies feel physically, are all cnnected. CBT helps yu ntice and challenge thughts r behaviurs t help yu feel better.
· interpersnal therapy (IPT) r dynamic interpersnal therapy (DIT)-therapies that lk at the link between yur depressin and yur relatinships
Talking therapies can als help if yu have mental health prblems resulting frm ther cnditins, such as diabetes (糖尿病), cancer, lng-term pain.
Talking therapies are ffered in different ways, including:
· using a self-help wrkbk with the supprt f a therapist
· as an nline curse
· ne-t-ne sessins either in persn, ver the phne r as a vide cnsultatin
· in a grup
34. Yu are recmmended talking therapics if yu are________.
A. feeling ptimistic abut the future
B. suffering frm diabetes r cancer
C. lacking in thughts r behaviurs
D. afraid f getting alng with thers
35. During the therapy, which f the fllwing might happen?
A. Yu cnduct a self-help curse all by yurself.
B. Yur thughts and hw yur bdy feel discnnect.
C. Yu feel better after nticing and challenging thughts.
D. Yu have t wrk in a grup t receive talking therapies.
36. What is the purpse f the passage?
A. T infrm peple f talking therapies.
B. T persuade peple t take talking therapies.
C. T call fr dnatin fr talking therapies.
D. T describe the histry f talking therapies.
【答案】34. D 35. C 36. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了治疗焦虑和抑郁的谈话疗法。
【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“They can help if yu’re struggling with things like feelings f depressin, excessive wrry, scial anxiety r pst-traumatic stress disrder (PTSD).(如果你正遭受抑郁、过度担忧、社交焦虑或创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 等情绪困扰，它们可以为你提供帮助)”可知，害怕与他人相处是社交焦虑的一种表现，由此可知，如果你害怕与人相处，那么建议你接受谈话疗法，故选D。
【35题详解】细节理解题。根据Types f talking therapies部分下的Examples f talking therapies include:中第二段“CBT helps yu ntice and challenge thughts r behaviurs t help yu feel better.(CBT可帮助你注意并挑战想法或行为，从而帮助你感觉更好)”可知，在治疗期间，在注意并挑战想法后，你会感觉好一些。故选C。
【36题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是标题“Talking therapies fr anxiety and depressin(治疗焦虑和抑郁的谈话疗法)”可知，文章主要介绍了谈话疗法的适作用以及类型，由此可推知，这篇文章的目的是让人们了解谈话疗法，故选A。
(C)
①The wrld’s heaviest snake has been hiding a big secret.
② Accrding t a study published tday in the pen-access jurnal MDPI Diversity, the animal knwn as the green anacnda, r Eunectes murinus, is actually tw genetically distinct species, despite each species lking s similar that even experts can’t tell them apart.
③“Genetically, the differences are massive,” says Bryan Fry, a Natinal Gegraphic Explrer, bilgist at the University f Queensland in Australia, and cauthr f the new study. “They’re five-and-a-half percent different, genetically. Nw, t put that int cntext, we’re abut tw percent different frm chimps,” he says.
④ T make the shcking discvery, Fry and his cauthrs cllected bld and tissue samples frm green anacndas in Ecuadr, Venezuela, and Brazil. The study authrs als examined each animal clsely t cunt scales and lk fr ther physical traits that culd signal an evlutinary difference. After running the genetic data, they fund a clear divide between anacndas sampled in the nrthern part f the range as ppsed t thse in the suth. And based n thse findings, they prpse renaming the snakes fund in the nrth as the nrthern green anacnda (Eunectes akayima), while E. murinus will cntinue t refer t suthern green anacndas.
⑤Fry says his jaw drpped when the analyses cmpleted. “I didn’t expect that level f difference,” he says. “It’s just mind-blwing. We were all f us very much ding happy dances.”
⑥While it may seem like splitting hairs t re-classify tw ppulatins f snakes that lk identical t ne anther, Fry emphasizes hw imprtant such delineatins can be fr understanding the threats psed t these creatures. Right nw, the Internatinal Unin fr Cnservatin f Nature classifies the green anacnda as a species f least cncern when it cmes t extinctin risk, but this classificatin is based, in part, n hw widely distributed a species is. “It’s imprtant, because the newly described nrthern green anacnda has a much smaller range than the suthern, and s that means it’s much mre vulnerable,” says Fry.
⑦Wrking with giant snakes isn’t easy. The fact that anacndas are massive, pwerful predatrs is just ne reasn the animals haven’t been mre clsely studied. Hwever, mre wrk f this kind may be needed t understand hw the nrthern and suthern green anacndas started separate evlutinary tracks. After all, the tw species appear t cexist in French Guiana, even as clse as being fund n ppsite riverbanks, says Fry. And yet, there’s n evidence f interbreeding in their genetics.
37. Why did the authr mentin “we’re abut tw percent different frm chimps” in paragraph 3?
A. T shw hw genetically different green anacndas are.
B. T shw hw distant we humans are frm green anacndas.
C. T shw hw similar green anacndas are in appearance.
D. T shw hw hard it is fr experts t tell green anacndas apart.
38. Based n the cntext, what des the underlined wrd “delineatins” in paragraph 6 mean?
A. similarityB. cnservatinC. classificatinD. extinctin
39. What can be inferred frm the passage?
A. Experts suggest cntinuing t refer t the nrthern green anacndas as Eunectes murinus.
B. Experts are sure f hw green anacndas started different evlutinary tracks.
C. The classificatin f green anacndas helps aruse awareness f its prtectin.
D. The tw species f green anacndas nce interbred in their genetics when living clse.
40. Which is the best title f the passage?
A. Eunectes akayima: splitting hairs
B. Eunectes murinus: the wrld’s heaviest snake
C. Nrthern green anacnda: a newly fund species
D. Green anacndas: tw genetically different species
【答案】37. A 38. C 39. C 40. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学家发现绿水蟒实际上是两个基因不同的物种，并强调了该发现的意义。
【37题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段““Genetically, the differences are massive,” says Bryan Fry, a Natinal Gegraphic Explrer, bilgist at the University f Queensland in Australia, and cauthr f the new study. “They’re five-and-a-half percent different, genetically. Nw, t put that int cntext, we’re abut tw percent different frm chimps,” he says.”（澳大利亚昆士兰大学的生物学家、国家地理探险家、这项新研究的合著者布莱恩·弗莱说:“从基因上讲，差异是巨大的。”“他们在基因上有5.5%的差异。通过以下类比可以更好地理解：我们和黑猩猩大约有2%的不同，”他说。）再结合第二段“Accrding t a study published tday in the pen-access jurnal MDPI Diversity, the animal knwn as the green anacnda, r Eunectes murinus, is actually tw genetically distinct species, despite each species lking s similar that even experts can’t tell them apart.”（根据今天发表在开放获取期刊MDPI多样性上的一项研究，这种被称为绿水蟒或Eunectes murinus的动物实际上是两个基因不同的物种，尽管每个物种看起来都很相似，甚至专家也无法区分它们。）可知，绿水蟒的两个物种之间的基因差异达到了5.5%，对于我们来说，可能并不清楚这个数据意味着什么，故作者以人类和黑猩猩的基因差异只有2%进行对比，是为了说明绿水蟒的基因差异是相当大的。故选A项。
【38题详解】词句猜测题。根据第六段“While it may seem like splitting hairs t re-classify tw ppulatins f snakes that lk identical t ne anther, Fry emphasizes hw imprtant such delineatins can be fr understanding the threats psed t these creatures.”（虽然重新分类两种看起来一模一样的蛇似乎有点吹毛求疵，但弗莱强调，这种delineatins对于理解这些生物面临的威胁是多么重要。）并结合第四段最后一句“And based n thse findings, they prpse renaming the snakes fund in the nrth as the nrthern green anacnda (Eunectes akayima), while E. murinus will cntinue t refer t suthern green anacndas.”（基于这些发现，他们建议将在北方发现的蛇重新命名为北方绿水蟒，而E. murinus将继续称为南方绿水蟒。）可知，此处such delineatins指的就是“re-classify tw ppulatins f snakes”，即把绿水蟒分成两个基因不同的物种，故delineatins应表示“分类”，与classificatin同义。故选C。
【39题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段“While it may seem like splitting hairs t re-classify tw ppulatins f snakes that lk identical t ne anther, Fry emphasizes hw imprtant such delineatins can be fr understanding the threats psed t these creatures. Right nw, the Internatinal Unin fr Cnservatin f Nature classifies the green anacnda as a species f least cncern when it cmes t extinctin risk, but this classificatin is based, in part, n hw widely distributed a species is. “It’s imprtant, because the newly described nrthern green anacnda has a much smaller range than the suthern, and s that means it’s much mre vulnerable,” says Fry.”（虽然重新分类两种看起来一模一样的蛇似乎有点吹毛求疵，但弗莱强调，这种划分对于理解这些生物面临的威胁是多么重要。目前，国际自然保护联盟将绿水蟒列为灭绝风险最小的物种，但这种分类部分是基于物种的分布范围。弗莱说:“这很重要，因为新发现的北方绿水蟒的活动范围比南方绿水蟒小得多，这意味着它更容易受到攻击。”）可知，绿水蟒的重新分类有助于我们更好地理解它们面临的威胁，也有助于国际自然保护联盟根据北方绿水蟒的现实情况调整它们的灭绝风险等级，从而更好地保护它们。故绿水蟒的分类有助于唤起人们对其保护的意识。故选C项。
【40题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Accrding t a study published tday in the pen-access jurnal MDPI Diversity, the animal knwn as the green anacnda, r Eunectes murinus, is actually tw genetically distinct species, despite each species lking s similar that even experts can’t tell them apart.”（根据今天发表在开放获取期刊MDPI多样性上的一项研究，这种被称为绿水蟒或Eunectes murinus的动物实际上是两个基因不同的物种，尽管每个物种看起来都很相似，甚至专家也无法区分它们。）再结合第四段最后一句“And based n thse findings, they prpse renaming the snakes fund in the nrth as the nrthern green anacnda (Eunectes akayima), while E. murinus will cntinue t refer t suthern green anacndas.”（基于这些发现，他们建议将在北方发现的蛇重新命名为北方绿水蟒，而E. murinus将继续称为南方绿水蟒。）并根据全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了科学家发现绿水蟒实际上是两个基因不同的物种，并对其进行分类及该分类的重要意义。D项“绿水蟒：两个基因不同的物种”可概括本文主旨，适合作为标题。故选D项。
Translatin
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
41. 比赛快结束时，乔丹(Jrdan)投出了球，得分了! (as) (汉译英)
_______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】As the game was cming t an end, Jrdan sht the ball and scred!
【详解】考查时间状语从句和时态。“比赛快结束时”作时间状语，用指定连词as(在……时候)引导该从句，主语“比赛”the game，谓语“结束”用动词短语cme t an end，描述过去计划、安排好将要发生的事情，用过去将来时态was cming t an end；“乔丹(Jrdan)投出了球，得分了!”是主句，主语“乔丹”Jrdan，谓语“投”用动词sht，描述过去的动作用一般过去时态，动词过去式为sht，宾语“球”the ball，并列谓语“得分”用动词scre，用过去式scred。综上，全句译为：As the game was cming t an end, Jrdan sht the ball and scred!
42. 品尝当地菜肴让孩子们亲身感受其背后隐藏的文化。(persn) （汉译英）
_______________________________________________________________________________【答案】Tasting lcal dishes enables children t experience the culture hidden behind it in persn.
【详解】考查短语和非谓语动词。表示“品尝当地菜肴”应用动名词短语tasting lcal dishes，作主语；表示“使……能够”应用enable sb. t d sth.；表示“感受其背后隐藏的文化”翻译为 experience the culture hidden behind it，hidden为过去分词作后置定语；表示“亲身”短语为介词短语in persn。全句为一般现在时，动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数，故翻译为Tasting lcal dishes enables children t experience the culture hidden behind it in persn.
43. 志愿者们正努力从非法捕猎中救出海豚，并将它们安全地送回大海。(release) （汉译英）
_______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Vlunteers are wrking t release dlphins frm illegal hunting and return them safely t the sea.
【详解】考查动词和时态。“志愿者们”用名词复数vlunteers作主语，“正努力做某事”表示为be wrking t d sth，用现在进行时表示，“从……救出海豚”即“从……放走海豚”表示为release dlphins frm...，“非法捕猎”表示为illegal hunting作介词frm的宾语，“将它们送回大海”表示为return them t the sea，“安全地”用副词safely作状语，修饰动词return，该部分与“从非法捕猎中救出海豚”构成并列关系，用and连接。故翻译为Vlunteers are wrking t release dlphins frm illegal hunting and return them safely t the sea.
44. 这位演讲者分享了一个案例：村民们灵活地利用手头的资源改变了整个村庄。 (transfrm)（汉译英）
_______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The speaker shared a case where villagers transfrmed an whle village flexibly using the resurces they had at their dispsal.
【详解】考查名词，动词和从句。“这位演讲者”用名词the speaker作主语，“分享”用动词share作谓语，描述过去的动作应用一般过去时，“一个案例”用名词a case作宾语，后面跟where引导的定语从句，“村民们”用名词the villagers作主语，“利用”用动词use表示， 用现在分词形式作状语，“灵活地”用副词flexibly作状语，“手头的资源”用the resurces they had at their dispsal作动词use的宾语，“改变”用动词transfrm表示，描述过去发生的事，用过去时，“整个村庄”用名词the whle village作宾语。故译为The speaker shared a case where villagers transfrmed an whle village flexibly using the resurces they had at their dispsal.
Guided Writing
45. Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 100-120 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
假如你是明启中学高一学生李明，在你校英语报读到如下征文启事：从小学至今，每个 人都制定过许多计划，有过许多新学期愿景，其中有些中途放弃了，有些坚持到底了。请你就“坚持还是放弃”这个话题写一篇征文，内容需包括：
● 简单描述你曾经中途放弃或坚持到底的某个计划；
● 阐述你中途放弃或坚持到底的原因以及对你的启示。 (文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称)
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【答案】The Dilemma f Persistence and Surrender
As a freshman at Mingqi High Schl, I have encuntered many frks in the rad f my life. Amng the numerus plans and aspiratins I’ve set fr myself, ne stands ut — my decisin t learn the pian. Initially, the thught f mastering this elegant instrument filled me with enthusiasm, but sn, the rigrus practice and cmplex thery tk their tll. I surrendered, verwhelmed by the challenge.
Lking back, I realize that my surrender was a result f my lack f resilience. I failed t persevere when faced with difficulties. This experience taught me a valuable lessn: giving up t easily can lead t missed pprtunities and unfulfilled dreams. Nw, I strive t be mre determined, understanding that true grwth lies in vercming bstacles, nt aviding them. Persistence, nt surrender, is the key t success.
A. average B. adapt C. cnsisting D. persistent E. exactly F. stuck G. failing H. extremely I. referred J. initial K. range