湖南省长沙市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期中考试英语试卷（一）(含答案)

这是一份湖南省长沙市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期中考试英语试卷（一）(含答案)，共15页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，短文填空题，完形填空，翻译题，写作题等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
The car was invented (发明) just a century ag. Yu may knw all kinds f cars' names, but many peple dn't knw wh was the inventr f the first car. The first car was invented nt by a German, but by an American. His name was Henry Frd. Henry was brn in a pr family. He was the eldest f six children. When he was a by, he became interested in mending watches and machines. When he was twelve years ld, his mther died. Sn he had t wrk in a machine shp fr tw dllars and fifty cents a week. In the evenings he repaired watches fr anther dllar a week. The hard life made him strng and able.
At that time there was anther interest in the life f the yung frd. He dreamed(梦想) t make a machine. It culd run withut a hrse, s named “hrseless carriage.” He ver-came(克服) a lt f difficulties and in April 1893, the “hrseless carriage” was finally finished. It was the first car.
Later Henry Frd funded the Frd Mtr Cmpany(福特汽车公司). He was really the first inventr f the car in the wrld.
1．Wh really invented the car first?
A. A GermanB. An AmericanC. Frenchman
2．Frm this stry we can knw the car was invented_____.
A. mre than 100 years ag
B. less than 100 years ag
C. just 100 years ag
3．Henry Frd must have_____.
A. five brthers and sisters
B. six brthers and sisters
C. five yunger brthers
4．Hw many dllars did yung Frd earn(挣) every week?
A. 2.5 dllarsB. 3.5 dllarsC. 3 dllars
5．Which is nt true?
A. He repaired watches in the evenings fr fun
B. He enjyed repairing watches and machines when he was very yung.
C. He met with a lt f difficulties in the inventin.
二、阅读理解
Mr. Ga lives in a twn. When he was twenty-five, his sn was brn. He calls him Ga Ling. The little by is clever. He and his wife lve him very much. It's September 1st tday. A new schl year begins. Ga Ling is happy and wears his mst beautiful clthes. He's ging t schl with his new bag. “Let me take yu t schl, dear.”said Mrs. Ga. “Thank yu, Mummy,” said the by. “The schl is nt far frm here. I can g there myself.”
At schl a teacher met the little by and asked, “What's yur name, my little friend?”"Ga Ling, sir.” answered the by. “Hw ld are yu?”"Six, sir.” “What's yur father's name?” “Ga Daling, sir.” “Hw ld is he?” “He is six, t, sir.” “Oh,” the teacher said in surprise. “Is he as ld as yu?”
“Yes, sir,” said the by. “He became a father nly n the day when I was brn.”
6．Mr. Ga is _____nw.
A. sixB. twenty-fiveC. thirty-ne
7．Mr. and Mrs. Ga lve their sn because_____.
A. the by is clever
B. he likes t g t schl
C. he can g t schl himself
8．Ga Ling didn't let his mther take him t schl because_____.
A. she was t busy
B. his friends culd tk him
C. the schl is near and he culd take care f himself
9．Ga Ling went t schl_____.
A. by carB. n ftC. by train
10．Ga Ling thught_____.
A. his father and he were brn n the same day
B. his father was yunger than him
C. Ga Daling became a father nly fr six years
三、阅读理解
11．If yu want t watch a ftball game, the best prgramme fr yu wuld be ______.
A. TV playB. SprtsC. TV play: Ya Ming
12．The prgramme f ___ will let yu knw much abut western cuntries.
A. SistersB. Arund ChinaC. Arund the wrld
13．If yu want t knw smething abut tigers, elephants and mnkeys, the best prgramme fr yu is ______.
A. at 19:40 n Channel 1
B. at 19:00 n Channel2
C. at 18:30 n Channel 2
14．“Mdern English”is a prgramme that ______.
A. lets yu knw smething abut classrm
B. tells yu smething abut students
C. lets yu knw smething abut schl life
D. teacher yu English
15．The prgramme at the end f Channel 2 means ____ n TV next week.
A. newsB. prgrammesC. places
四、阅读理解
Nancy's hbby is cllecting sharpeners. She spends a lt f time n it after schl. She has been cllecting mre than ne hundred sharpeners frm different cuntries. They are all different in clr and size.
Nancy likes sharpeners with animals and birds n them. In this way, she learns the names f many animals and birds. She als brrws bks n animals and birds frm her schl library. She learns a lt abut them frm bks.
Smetimes Nancy has many sharpeners f the same kind. She gives them t her friends. Then they give her ther different sharpeners in return.
Nancy has many pen pals in many cuntries. She sends them sharpeners f her cuntry. In return, they send her sharpeners f their cuntries. Nancy's father als gives her sharpeners. He brings them hme frm his friends fr her.
Many f Nancy's friends cllect ther things. Sme cllect cins and thers cllect matchbxes（火柴盒）r stamps. But, all f them say that Nancy's cllectin is the mst interesting f all.
16．Nancy spends a lt f time n her hbby ________.
A. befre schlB. in classC. after schl
17．________ Nancy's sharpeners are different in clr and size.
A. All fB. Sme fC. Many f
18．Smetimes Nancy has many sharpeners f the same kind. She then ________.
A. keeps them
B. thrws them away
C. sends them t her friends
19．What dn't Nancy's friends cllect?
A. Sharpeners.B. Cins.C. Matchbxes and stamps.
20．Hw des Nancy cllect sharpeners? Which f the fllwing is wrng?
A. Her friends give her sme.
B. Her pen pals send her sme.
C. Her father's friends give her sme.
五、短文填空题
21．New gaming limits (限制)
This winter hliday, sme f yu might have spent a lt f time playing vide games nline. ①_________
Recently, China made new rules that cut nline gaming time fr minrs (未成年人) t stp them frm lsing themselves in vide games. Starting frm September 1, minrs will nly have an hur f play time between 8 pm and 9 pm n Fridays, weekends and hlidays. ②_________
The nline game cmpanies must als make sure that minrs register (登记) with their real names. Hwever, ③_________ In 2019, it made rules t limit play time t less than 1. 5 hurs n weekdays and 3 hurs n weekends and hlidays, with n game playing between 10 pm and8 am.
④_________ Sme peple think it's a gd way t stp kids frm playing nline games fr a lng time, but thers are surprised at hw strict the rules are. " Children are easy t lse themselves in vide games, s they need t be limited by parents," ne user wrte n the Weib. There are als thers asked, "What if kids use their parents' mbile phnes?"
The ntice calls n parents and schls t wrk tgether t make sure the rules are fllwed. It is necessary t knw mre abut the laws and rules. ⑤_________. Prtecting their physical and mental health is imprtant.
六、阅读理解
T Have A Nt-t-d List
Like mst peple, yu prbably have a t-d list t help yu finish a task. Hwever, I wuld als suggest yu make a nt-t-d list. This list wrks well with the t-d list and it might be even mre imprtant. Let me explain.
This is Mike. He lves vide games and plays them every day. But he als has an imprtant exam cming up. S Mike puts studying n his t-d list. That day, Mike picked up the bks and studied fr half an hur. Then he tk a shrt break and played sme games. Hwever, he gt s int the game that he played fr three hurs.
The next day, Mike tk n the challenge f studying in a different way. He decided t make a nt-t-d list as well. And what he wrte dwn was: "N vide games until 7:00 pm. " Mike went t study, did it fr half an hur, and then tk a break. Hwever, he didn't get n his cmputer like the day befre because he didn't allw himself t play at that time. Instead, he drank a glass f water. Then he returned t studying fr three hurs mre n that day.
Mike realized that having n restrictins was the prblem. He was always chsing between wrk and free time. Because enjying himself was an easier chice, hardly any wrk gt dne as a result. S Mike made a nt-t-d list.
Smetimes what yu chse nt t d matters mre than what yu decide t d. We shuldn't just limit ur "bad" behavirs but ur "gd" behavirs as well. Fr example, practicing the pian culd be cnsidered a gd habit. But when yu have ther mre imprtant things in the mment, the pian becmes nthing mre than a distractin. Hwever, there's ne thing that shuld never end up n yur nt-t-d list. That is t learn smething new every day.
22．Did a t-d list help Mike prepare fr his exam well?
23．What did Mike write n his nt-t-d list?
24．Hw lng did Mike study the next day?
25．Accrding t Paragraph 4, what prblem has Mike realized?
26．What d yu want t write n it if yu have a nt-t-d list?
七、完形填空
N ne hates husewrk mre than I d. I always try nt t d husewrk, but smetimes I have t. It is really smething that I 1 . But nw I find a few ways f making it 2 . Maybe sme f these 3 can als help yu enjy yur husewrk. Invite friends ver fr dinner: this is my favrite way. Everyne likes t g t a 4 huse. By inviting friends t yur hme, yu'd like t d the 5 . We all knw that a clean huse can make peple 6 . A clean huse is part f a successful 7 . Music and singing: it smetimes seems that I never have time t 8 my favrite music. S smetimes I 9 my CD player and listen t music when wrking. If yu like singing, d it. Yu are ging t find yur wrk is finished befre yu knw it. Give yurself a gift: tell yurself yu are ging t see a mvie 10 yu finish yur husewrk. Plan t d smething that makes yu feel gd.
27．A. likeB. agreeC. dislikeD. disagree
28．A. interestingB. difficultC. happyD. successful
29．A. sngs B. ideasC. giftsD. music
30．A. new B. niceC. bigD. clean
31．A. chresB. hmewrkC. sprtsD. jb
32．A. wiserB. happierC. healthierD. wilder
33．A. lifeB. surveyC. partyD. lunch
34．A. lk B. buyC. playD. enjy
35．A. turn nB. turn ffC. turn upD. turn dwn
36．A. befreB. andC. afterD. r
八、短文填空题
37．Waste can be seen everywhere in the schl. Sme students ask fr mre fd than they can eat and thers ften frget ①________ (turn) ff the lights when they leave the classrm. They say they can affrd these things. But I dn't agree with ②________（they） .Waste can bring a lt f ③________ (prblem). Althugh China is rich in sme resurces, we are shrt f thers, fr example, fresh water. It ④________（be）reprted that we ⑤________ (have) n cal r il t use in 100 years.
S ⑥________ we g n wasting ur resurces, what can we use in the future and where can we mve? Think abut it. I think we shuld say “n” ⑦________ the students wh waste things every day. Everybdy shuld stp wasting as sn ⑧________ pssible. In ur everyday life, we can d many things t prevent waste frm ⑨________ (happen), fr example, turn ff the water taps when we finish washing, turn ff the lights when we leave the classrm, try nt t rder mre fd than we need ,and s n. Little by little, everything will be changed. Waste can be ⑩________ (stp) ne day, if we d ur best.
九、翻译题
38．语篇翻译
What's yur dream? Peple like t ask their children the same questin, Jake frm the US had different answers t the questin when he was a little by. But at the age f 12, he gt his final answer. After he saw his father d weightlifting (举重)t be strng(强壮的), he had a big dream. ①He wanted t be the strngest child in the wrld. Jake tld us "Like father, like sn". He als said, "My father is very strng. ②因此我想变得和我父亲一样强壮。"After then, he started t train(训练).
③Jake trained very hard t make his dream cme true. When his friends were playing, he spent mst f his time n weightlifting. After tw years f hard wrk, the by culd lift (举起) mre than twice his wn weight. ④现在，他在学校每天训练三次。And he hpes t lift mre weights.
Jake has talked abut his lve f weightlifting and his dream t many peple. Hwever, nt everyne is excited abut it. ⑤Sme peple are wrried that t much training may be bad fr the grwing f the by's bdy. Jake's parents say they dn't wrry abut their sn's health. Because he gets regular check-ups(体格检查)and gd training. Jake said " I will try my best t becme successful. "But he als tld us "Even thugh I may nt succeed in the end, I wuldn't feel pity(遗憾)after trying my best".
一十、写作题
39．假如你是李华，你在“学雷锋纪念日”参加了去敬老院慰问老人的志愿者活动。请你根据以下提示，给你的美国笔友Lisa写一封电子邮件，向她介绍此次活动。
提示：活动：送鲜花、水果；打扫卫生；读报；唱歌跳舞；弹琴……
你参加活动后的感想: ……
要求：要点齐全，80词左右，可适当发挥。电子邮件的格式已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Lisa,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
参考答案
1．答案：B
解析：由本段第三句“The first car was invented nt by a German, but by an American.”可知。
2．答案：A
解析：由第二段最后一句He ver-came(克服) a lt f difficulties and in April 1893, the “hrseless carriage” was finally finished. It was the first car可知。
3．答案：C
解析：根据第一段 “He was the eldest f six children”可知。
4．答案：B
解析：由本段 “Sn he had t wrk in a machine shp fr tw dllars and fifty cents a week. In the evenings he repaired watches fr anther dllar a week.”可知。
5．答案：A
解析：他修表不是为了玩而是为了生活。
6．答案：C
解析：根据第一段第一句“When he was twenty-five, his sn was brn”和第二段“Six, sir.”可知。
7．答案：A
解析：由第一段第四句“The little by is clever. He and his wife lve him very much”可知
8．答案：D
解析：由“The schl is nt far frm here. I can g there myself.”可知选D。
9．答案：B
解析：根据段意，他离家不远所以步行去上学。
10．答案：D
解析：有最后一句话“He became a father nly n the day when I was brn.”可知。
11．答案：B
解析：由本段的节目单Sprts可知。
12．答案：C
解析：Arund the wrld 世界各地节目可以了解西方国家。
13．答案：B
解析：要想了解猴子、老虎、大象要看Channel 2晚七点的动物世界。
14．答案：D
解析：现代英语就是教你英语。
15．答案：B
解析：“On TV next week”指的是下周的节目预告。
16．答案：C
解析：根据第一段第二句“She spends a lt f time n it after schl.”可知。
17．答案：A
解析：由第一段第四句“They are all different in clr and size”可知
18．答案：D
解析：由第三段第一句“Smetimes Nancy has many sharpeners f the same kind. She gives them t her friends.”可知。
19．答案：A
解析：根据最后一段的第二句“Sme cllect cins and thers cllect matchbxes（火柴盒）r stamps”可知。
20．答案：D
解析：本题考查的是在短文中未涉及到的方面。
21．答案：CBEDA
解析：①根据前文语境"This summer hliday , sme f yu might have spent a lt f time playing vide games nline.今年暑假，你们中的一些人可能花了很多时间在网上玩电子游戏。"以及后文语境"Recently,China made new rules that cut nline gaming time fr minrs (未成年人）t stp them frm lsing themselves in vide games.最近，中国制定了减少未成年人在线游戏时间的新规定，以防止他们沉迷于电子游戏。"可知，此处应是承上启下。不能再这样玩游戏了，选项C
"Hwever, yu can't d this anymre.但是，你不能再这样了"符合语境。故选C。
②根据前文语境"Starting frm September 1, minrs will nly have an hur f play time between 8 pm and 9 pm n Fridays, weekends and hlidays.从9月日开始，未成年人在周五、周末、节假日的晚上8点到9点之间只有一个小时的玩耍时间。"可知，其他时间不能玩，选项B"They cannt
play the nline games at any ther time.他们不能在其他时间玩在线游戏"符合语境。故选B。
③根据后文语境"In 2019， it made rules t limit play time t less than 1.5 hurs n weekdays and 3 hurs n weekends and hlidays, with n game playing between 10 pm and 8 am.2019年，它制定了规定，将周日的游戏时间限制在1.5小时以内，周末和假期为3小时，晚上10点至早上8点之间不得玩游戏。"可知，以前也制定过这样的规定，选项E"this isn't the first time that China
made such(这样的)rules.这不是中国第一次制定这样的规定"符合语境。故选E。
④根据后文语境"Sme peple think it's a gd way t stp kids frm playing nline games fr a lng time,but thers are surprised at hw strict the rules are.一些人认为这是阻止孩子长时间玩网络游戏的好方法，但其他人对这些规则的严格程度感到惊讶。"可知，对新规定，不同的人有不同的看法，选项D "Different peple have different ideas n the new rules.不同的人对新规定有不同的想法"符合语境。故选D。
⑤根据后文语境"Prtecting their physical and mental health is imprtant.保护他们的身心健康很重要。"可知，儿童是国家的未来，所以应好好保护他们的身心健康，选项A"Children are the future
f a cuntry.儿童是国家的未来"符合语境。故选A。
22．答案：N.
解析：根据S Mike puts study in a n his t-d list所以迈克把学习列入了他的待办事项清单。及Hwever, he gt s int the game that he played fr three hurs然而，他如此投入游戏，以至于打了三个小时，可知迈克把学习任务加到任务清单中，但是他并没有好好学习，反而玩了很长时间游戏，由此可推知任务清单没有帮助迈克好好准备考试。是否定回答，故填N。
23．答案： N vide games until 7:00pm.
解析：根据He decided t make a nt-t-d list as well. And what he wrte dwn was: ，N vide games until 7:00 pm，可知迈克在清单中写到：晚上7点之前不许玩电子游戏。故填N vide games until 7:00 pm。
24．答案： Fr three and a half hurs.
解析：根据Mike went t study, did it fr half an hur, and then tk a break，可知他学了半个小时；根据Then he returned t studying fr three hurs mre n that day，可知他又继续学习了三个小时，故可推出迈克第二天共学习了三个半小时。故填Fr three and a half hurs。
25．答案： Having n restrictins.
解析：根据第Mike realized that having n restrictins was the prblem，可知迈克意识到没有限制就是问题所在。故填Having n restrictins。
26．答案： N TV befre finishing hmewrk.
解析：根据习惯可知完成作业之前不能看电视。故填N TV befre finishing hmewrk。
27．答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境的理解。A. Like喜欢；B. Agree同意；C. Dislike不喜欢；D. Disagree不同意。句意：真的是我不喜欢的一些事情。这里是不同意的意思。故选C。
28．答案：A
解析：考查形容词及语境的理解。A. Interesting有趣的；B. Difficult困难的；C. Happy高兴的；D. Successful成功的。句意：但是现在我找到一些使它有趣的方法。短语make+宾语+形容词,表示使……处于……状态。根据题意，故选A。
29．答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境的理解。A. Sngs歌曲；B. Ideas主意；C. Gifts礼物；D. Music音乐。根据句意：也许这些想法中的一些也能帮你享受做家务。这里是一些想法。故选B。
30．答案：D
解析：考查形容词及语境的理解。A. New新的；B. Nice漂亮的；C. Big大的；D. Clean干净的。句意：每个人喜欢去一个干净的房子。这里是新的意思。故选D。
31．答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境的理解。 A. Chres家务；B. Hmewrk作业；C. Sprts运动；D. Jb工作。 根据句意：你愿意做家务，邀请朋友到你家。这里是做家务。故选A。
32．答案：B
解析：考查形容词及语境的理解。A. Wiser更明智；B. Happier更开心；C. Healthier更健康；D. Wilder更狂热；根据句意：我们所有的人都知道一个干净的房子能使人们更开心。这里是make+宾语+形容词。根据题意，故选B。
33．答案：C
解析：考查名词及 语境的理解。A. Life生命；B. Survey调查；C. Party聚会；D. Lunch午饭。 根据句意：一个干净的房子是一个成功聚会的一部分。故选C。
34．答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境的理解。A. Lk看起来；B. Buy买；C. Play玩；D. Enjy喜欢。根据句意：有时似乎我从来没有时间享受我自己喜欢的音乐。这里是享受的意思，故选D。
35．答案：A
解析：考查动词短语及语境的理解。A. turn n打开；B. turn ff关掉；C. turn up调高；D. turn dwn调低。根据句意：因此当工作听音乐的时候，有时我打开我的CD播放器。这里是打开的意思。故选A。
36．答案：C
解析：考查连词及语境的理解。A. Befre在……以前；B. And和，又；C. After在……之后；D. Or或者。根据句意：告诉你自己你打算去看一场电影，在你完成了家务之后。这里是在……之后。故选C。
37．答案：①t turn②them③prblems④is⑤will have⑥if⑦t⑧as⑨happening⑩stpped
解析：①根据首句Waste can be seen everywhere in the schl.Sme students ask fr mre fd than they can eat and...的描述.可知学生们在学校浪费东西。第二句有and并且关系词可知句意：其他人经常在离开教室时忘记把灯关掉。固定的短语frget t d sth忘记做某事，所以填写t turn。
②根据They say they can affrd these things.的描写可知 But I dn't agree with的句意：但是我不同意他们。 有固定短语agree with sb.结合句意可知该填写them。
③句意：浪费会带来很多问题。所填词被a lt f 修饰，prblem是可数名词，所以填写复数形式prblems。
④根据句意：据报道, 100年后我们将没有煤或石油使用。It is reprted that据报道，是一个固定句型，所以填写 is。
⑤根据 cal r il t use in 100 years.句意：据报道, 100年后我们将没有煤或石油使用。in 100 years可知表示一般将来时，所以填写will have。
⑥ g n wasting ur resurces, what can we use in the future and where can we mve? Think abut it. 句意：我们继续浪费我们的资源,我们在未来可以使用什么？这里前面应该是提出一种条件，所以填写if。
⑦句意：我认为我们应该对那些每天浪费东西的学生说“不”。Say t sb对某人说，所以填写介词t。
⑧句意：每个人都应该尽快停止浪费。固定短语as sn as pssible尽可能快，所以填写as。
⑨In ur everyday life, we can d many things t prevent waste frm句意：在我们的日常生活中,我们能做许多事情,以防止浪费的发生。frm是介词后接动名词ding形式，所以填写happening。
⑩Little by little, everything will be changed. Waste can be _________(stp) ne day, if we d ur best.句意：如果我们竭尽所能，一点一点地，有一天浪费可以停止。浪费被阻止所以用被动语态，be+过去分词，stp过去分词是stpped，故填stpped。
38．答案：①他想成为全世界最强壮的孩子。
②S I want t be as strng as my father.
③Jake非常努力地训练来实现他的梦想。
④Nw he trains three times a day at schl.
⑤有些人担心过多的训练可能对男孩的身体发育不利。
解析：
39．答案：
Dear Lisa,
I tk part in a vlunteer activity and visited the elderly in the nursing hme n "learning frm Lei Feng Memrial Day". This activity is very meaningful and I want t tell yu abut what happened that day.
Befre ging t the nursing hme, we prepared flwers and fruits as gifts fr the elderly. When we gt there, we swept the flr and wiped the glass. After that, we read sme newspaper news t the ld man. In additin, we als perfrmed sme prgrams, including singing and dancing. The ld peple enjyed ur perfrmance very much.
Thrugh this activity, I realized hw gd it is t bring happiness t thers. I enjyed this activity very much.
Yurs,
Li Hua
解析：写作思路：
本文采用总分总结构，第一段总起全文，讲述事情背景；第二段具体描述当天发生的事情；最后一段谈论自己的感受。
重点短语：
take part in 参加
the elderly 老人
the nursing hme 敬老院
bring happiness t thers 为别人带来快乐
其他短语：
enjy the perfrmance 喜欢表演
be ready t help thers 乐于助人
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A. Children are the future f a cuntry.
B. They cannt play the nline games at any ther time.
C. Hwever, yu can't d this anymre.
D. Different peple have different ideas n the new rules.
E. this isn't the first time that China made such(这样的)rules.