南宁市第三中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份南宁市第三中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷(含答案)，共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
Yu can kickback and relax in a spacius hme when yu use ne f these vacatin rentals websites.
Airbnb
AirBed and Breakfast (Airbnb) is a cmmerce site where hmewners persnally list a vacatin rental and travelers can bk it directly. What makes Airbnb unique is that yu can chse t spend the night in anything frm a bedrm in smene’s hme t a tree huse t a castle in France.
Vrb
Vacatin Rental by Owner (Vrb) is a platfrm fr vacatin hme rentals. Unlike Airbnb, nne f the listings n Vrb are shared spaces, s yu’ll never find smene else’s fd in the fridge r clthes in the clset. Due t the exclusive use and privacy f the vacatin hmes available, this is a great ptin fr family getaways.
Lve Hme Swap
Want a relaxing vacatin rental but dn’t have the budget fr yur vacatin dreams? A hme swap might be fr yu. And if a basically free vacatin sunds appealing, yu’re nt alne; Lve Hme Swap, a glbal hme-swapping platfrm with hmes in mre than 110 cuntries, saw a nearly 300 percent increase in member sign-ups last year cmpared t 2019.
Evlve
This vacatin rental cmpany fcuses n the best lake, muntain, and beach destinatins acrss the cntinental United States, Hawaii, and Mexic. Amng the mre than 14,000 rental prperties Evlve manages, there are ver 4,000 ptins that will be happy t hst yur lvable fur-legged friends. S tell Fid he’s cming n vacatin!
1．Which website is best fr travelers with pets?
A. AirbnbB. VrbC. Lve Hme SwapD. Evlve
2．Which f the fllwing wrds best describe the vacatin rental n Lve Hme Swap?
A. cnvenientB. cst-effectiveC. ec-friendlyD. time-efficient
3．What distinguishes Vrb frm Airbnb is that ______.
A. there are mre listings all ver the wrld
B. the hme rentals are nt family-friendly
C. shared rms amng strangers are nt available
D. the privacy f the guests is nt guaranteed
Wang Shuang was just five when her parents divrced, drpped he rather uncle’s and left. Ftball, as it ften is, became an escape.
At seven, she was sptted by cach Xu Yilng, wh fund Wang quick in her playful behaviur. As the nly girl in the bys’ team, Wang’s perfrmances were impressive, earning her the nickname “Irn Girl.” And sn, she sensed the sprt’s pwer. Ftball allwed her t “release herself” and realize “whatever happens, ftball never leaves yu alne.”
Hwever, life was never smth sailing. The cnstant jibes (嘲讽) frm sme peple, wh always tried t push her dwn and destry her hpes, affected her s deeply that she lst cnfidence. “They were saying I had n talent at all. Gradually, I felt really s.” Wang nce wrte. But never did she stp playing. When she was called up t the natinal team, aged 17, Wang thught, “Me? Are yu sure?” When a wrld-famus club wanted t sign her, she was “excited that an excellent cach thught I was gd.” It was nly then that she felt cnfident in her abilities. “I felt recgnized. Perhaps I had a bit f talent after all.”
Nt any “bit f talent”; the genius is praised as China’s nce-in-a-generatin player.
China is a pineer f wmen’s ftball in Asia and has wn the cntinental champinship eight times, including seven straight titles between 1986 and 1999. That was their glden age. Gradually, thugh, the dynasty declined. It is hped that Wang will inspire the wmen’s ftball f the cuntry t its frmer height.
Caches are almst always hesitant t speak abut individual players. But when cach Shui was asked abut Wang befre the match against Vietnam, she culdn’t stp mentining her influence n the team. Unfailingly perfrming n the big stage, Wang did nt let her team dwn. When they lacked a quality ball, she delivered tw high assists that finally led her team int the last-fur clash (四分之一决赛).
“Nbdy knws hw hard it was,” declared Wang after the match. “We vercame difficulties. We als shwed ur strng spiritual pwer. I am prud f my team.”
4．What can we infer abut Wang frm the secnd paragraph?
A. She earned a living n her wn.B. She was released frm the team.
C. She was laughed at by the bys.D. She fund a sense f belnging.
5．Hw did Wang regain faith in her abilities?
A. By winning recgnitin.B. By btaining inspiratin.
C. By playing in the natinal team.D. By ignring ther peple’s jibes.
6．Which wuld best describe cach Shui’s attitude t Wang?
A. Cnservative.B. Cntradictry.C. Favurable.D. Demanding.
7．What’s the best title fr the text?
A. Wang Shuang: A Steel Rse.B. Wang Shuang: A Child Genius.
C. Wang Shuang: A Ftball Pineer.D. Wang Shuang: A Glden Age Creatr.
The rechargeable lithium-in (锂离子) battery market is wrth mre than $50 billin. Lithium-in batteries, whse demand cntinues t g up day by day, are used in a wide range f electrnic devices. They are made f fur main cmpnents, and cathde (阴极) is ne f them. The cathde’s active material type is what determines the capacity f a battery.
A recent study, led by Wang Yan, a material scientist f Wrcester Plytechnic Institute, finds that lithium-in batteries made with recycled cathdes wrk better than thse with new cathdes.
“The battery industry is expected t grw sharply in the next decade. This high demand has led cmpanies t g t extremes, like increasing deep-sea mining, t gain access t the minerals used in lithium-in batteries,” Wang said. “Mining minerals will have envirnmental impacts. Recycling spent lithium-in batteries ffers a way ut.”
But until nw, the prspect f using recycled materials in lithium-in batteries has sme manufacturers (制造商) wrrying that it culd impact perfrmance. Thus, lithium-in batteries are still nt widely recycled. Aware f decreasing resurces and envirnmental impact, Wang and ther researchers set ut t find a way t make recycling lithium-in batteries ecnmically practical. Thrugh experiments, they culd recver mre than 90% f the key metals frm spent batteries. These recvered metals became the basis f the new recycled battery’s cathde’s active material.
In tests between Wang’s team’s recycled batteries and brand-new batteries f the same cmpsitin, the recycled batteries utperfrm the new nes in their ability t maintain capacity. It tk 11,600 charge cycles fr recycled cathde batteries t lse 30 percent f their riginal capacity. That was abut 50 percent better than the 7,600 bserved cycles fr new cathde batteries, the team reprted. Thse thusands f extra cycles culd translate int years f better battery perfrmance, even after repeated use and recharging.
8．What can we learn abut lithium-in batteries frm the first paragraph?
A. They are high in price.B. They are in great demand.
C. They are limited in use.D. They are simple in cmpsitin.
9．What des Wang mainly talk abut in paragraph 3?
A. The target users f recycled batteries.B. The ways t get minerals fr batteries.
C. The majr reasns fr recycling batteries.D. The cmplex prcess f recycling batteries.
10．What are the manufacturers cncerned abut?
A. Declining mineral resurces.B. Difficult recycling techniques.
C. Serius envirnmental prblems.D. Inefficient battery perfrmance.
11．Which f the fllwing details best supprts the main idea f the text?
A. The battery industry is ging t develp dramatically.
B. Recycling batteries reduces impact n the envirnment.
C. Scientists can recver key materials frm spent batteries.
D. Recycled batteries utperfrm new nes in charging circles.
In sutheastern Brazil, lcal fishers walk int dark waters in search f mullet (鲻鱼). On their wn, it wuld be tricky t find the silvery fish. But the humans get help frm an unusual partner: wild bttlense dlphins.
With nets in hand, the fishers patiently wait as their cetacean (鲸类的) partners drive the fish tward the shre. A signal frm the dlphins — usually a deep dive ― indicates when they shuld cast their nets. This fishing partnership has passed dwn thrugh the generatins, lasting fr mre than a century.
While researchers knew humans prfited frm this pairing, they culdn’t cnfirm whether it benefited the dlphins. Nw, in a new study in Prceedings f the Natinal Academy f Sciences, researchers suggest cetaceans that hunt with humans have mre chances t live than thse that dn’t.
“Human-wildlife cperatin in general is a rare phenmenn glbally.” says Maurici Cantr, a bilgist at Oregn State University and leader f the study. “Usually humans gain the benefit, and nature pays the cst. But this interactin has been happening fr ver 150 years.”
Fishers were mre successful when they wrked with the dlphins. When dlphins were present, the fishers were 17 times mre likely t catch prey (猎物) and netted nearly fur times mre mullet when they timed their casting with the cetaceans’ signals. Eighty-six percent f all 4,955 mullet caught during the study perid came frm “synchrnus (同时的) interactins” — when the allies rganized their actins perfectly with ne anther.
The study als revealed dlphins hunting with humans had a 13 percent increase in survival rate ver ther dlphins. These cperative dlphins are mre likely t stay near the shre, reducing their chance f entanglement (缠绕) in illegal fishing equipment. Besides, the dlphins can take sme fish directly frm the fishers’ harvest.
12．What d the first tw paragraphs talk abut cncerning Brazilian fishers?
A. They trick dlphins int fishing fr them.
B. They harvest mre fish with dlphins’ help.
C. They have been training dlphins ver a century.
D. They cast the fishing nets when dlphins surface.
13．What des Maurici Cantr’s research shw?
A. Nature favrs human beings at a huge cst.
B. Fishers benefit frm cperating with cetaceans.
C. Human-wildlife interactin is a new glbal trend.
D. Dlphins wrking with man have higher survival rate.
14．What des the underlined wrd “allies” refer t in paragraph 5?
A. Prey.B. Mullet.C. Partners.D. Researchers.
15．What’s the authr’s main purpse in writing the text?
A. T appeal fr the prtectin f sea creatures.
B. T shw a unique human-dlphin relatinship.
C. T applaud fr develpment in fishing research.
D. T encurage fishers t better draw n dlphins.
二、七选五
16．Self-esteem (自尊) is the ruling view yu have f yurself. This includes yur beliefs abut yur inner qualities and hw yu think thers see yu. Self-esteem is nt always rted in reality, thugh. ① .
Having a healthy self-esteem means seeing yurself in a psitive way. ② . Self-esteem des nt equal arrgance. Arrgance, n the ther hand, refers t being verly cnfident abut yur qualities (regardless f their actual quality). It is actually mre cmmnly assciated with smene having lw self-esteem. They will tell yu hw much everyne lves them, what a great jb they d at wrk, and hw amazing they are at pretty everything under the sun even thugh they really wnder if it’s true.
③ . Surrund yurself with peple wh lve themselves. Set small, attainable gals t accmplish. Write a list f yur talents, skills, and achievements. Remember that peple are nt perfect and what’s mst imprtant is that yu’re trying. Keep huseplants r a small garden s yu can see success and hw valuable yu are vertime (as they grw, s des yur cnfidence). With practice and perseverance, yu will win this internal struggle t see yurself-wrth.
In serius cases f lw self-esteem, yu may call in a prfessinal wh can help peple understand their thught patterns and hw thse patterns are cntributing t prblems. ④ . This prcess, vertime, can help yu develp a deeper sense f yur wn capabilities (utside previusly limited beliefs).
Yur past desn’t seal yur future. While it’s true that yur painful past can change the way yu see yurself, it’s just as much the case that yur mind can be changed again. Yu have the pwer t shape a new self-perceptin. It will take sme wrk but yur entire life will be tuched with the pwer that nly cmes frm smene believing in themselves. ⑤ , yu can imprve yurself-esteem and see hw everything else changes as a result.
A. With sme lifestyle changes and supprt
B. The real test is whether they can learn frm their mistakes
C. Sme ideas t build yurself-esteem may include as fllws
D. Yu see yur faults first when thinking abut things yu've dne
E. It’s abut having a stable sense f yur capabilities and a deep trust in yurself
F. He helps t treatment al prblems and relieve symptms f lw self-esteem
G. Understanding self-esteem better might be the key t unlcking yur wn self-wrth.
三、完形填空（15空）
Brne is hme t sme f the mst extrardinary wildlife. Several years ag, I decided t g there fr a visit. A lcal persn ffered t be my guide, which was a great bnus fr me.
One day, my guide turned ff the smth rad and tk me acrss a 1 hillside instead. We picked ur way carefully when 2 , a Rafflesia (大王花) ppped int my view amng thse stnes. Oh, dear! Mre than 3 , I bent dwn and put my nse practically inside the flwer’s cre.
4 , t my surprise, it was nly ne f the 5 during the trip.
As I 6 the end f my trip, there was still smething I had yet t see. We planned t 7 mst feared creature there, the saltwater crcdile, which can grw t a 8 f 6 meters r mre. When we shne a flashlight twards the muddy shre, little sunds 9 in the darkness as if smething unseen underwater had brken the 10 . Taking a secnd lk, we sptted tw greedy 11 just abve the waterline. As we drew near, it 12 and we saw clearly it was a crcdile. With great cautin, we near edit and finally culd 13 its true dimensins. It was a baby — n mre than 0.6 meter lng. Aha, whatever, I culd nw reprt t the 14 back hme, wh had never been t Brne, that I had 15 a hungry crcdile in the wild and lived t tell the tale.
The wrld ut there is s fascinating. Dn’t let wrk run yur life. Why nt step utdrs and enjy the wnders nature ffers t yu?
17．A. rllingB. spectacularC. rughD. breathtaking
18．A. suddenlyB. literallyC. definitelyD. ultimately
19．A. alarmedB. pleasedC. cncernedD. upset
20．A. NeverthelessB. BesidesC. InsteadD. Therefre
21．A. desiresB. mtivatinsC. destinatinsD. highlights
22．A. suspendedB. suspectedC. apprachedD. valued
23．A. hld ntB. pickupC. reflect nD. hunt fr
24．A. widthB. lengthC. heightD. size
25．A. emergedB. pausedC. cntinuedD. declined
26．A. mudB. surfaceC. grundD. shre
27．A. crcdilesB. muthsC. eyesD. teeth
28．A. mvedB. sankC. hidD. escaped
29．A. wrk utB. let utC. figure utD. make ut
30．A. victimsB. ppnentsC. flksD. guides
31．A. challengedB. encunteredC. terrifiedD. chased
四、短文填空
32．Dating back t the Qin Dynasty, the incense (香料) craft and its culture develped fast during the Sng Dynasty and fund wider ppularity during the Ming and Qing ① (dynasty). In ancient times it was used ② (prevent) disease, insects, msquites and preserve peple’s health. Fr decades, Yang Jinqing, an inheritr f incense making, has cmmitted himself ③ the traditinal craft, which ④ (name) a natinal intangible cultural heritage in June 2021. Initially, he purchased incense prductin equipment and raw materials while visiting senir incense masters, frm ⑤ he btained valuable infrmatin. With all the resurces ready, Yang experimented repeatedly ⑥ restred many ancient incense recipes. His effrts ⑦ (pay) ff when he made it t present a dzen ancient incenses, including ambergris (龙涎香) and thse featuring the scents f rse and lily. Yang als makes sure his prducts mve with the times, ⑧ (rll) ut thusands f incense prducts with a mdem appeal. T date, he has innvated ⑨ traditinal craft by making smkeless incense and develping a legendary prduct which, after burning, displays prmising patterns and characters. They have wn him multiple natinal patents ⑩ (succeed).
五、书面表达
33．假如你是李华，你所在城市的博物馆需要招募多名英文讲解员，请你写一封信申请该职位。内容包括：
1. 写信目的
2. 个人优势
3. 能做的事情。
Dear Sir/Madam
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
34．It was the first week f Mia’s middle schl. The bell’s ringing brught her ut f her daydreaming. She nervusly gathered her bks, preparing t reach anther classrm fr the next new class.
Mia fllwed the ther kids and rushed int the hallway. Others walked in grups, chatted, and laughed, using the break t scialize. Mia, instead, walked alne alng the wall f the hallway, with her head dwn. She was ashy girl, afraid t speak in frnt f ther kids, and didn’t think thers wuld like her.
Mia finally satin Mr. Jhnsn’s Language Arts class nervusly. “Welcme t Language Arts,” said Mr. Jhnsn. He tld jkes a she talked abut English. Mia frgt tday dream and laughed alng with the rest f the class. “We’ll have sme fun with language,” he said. “Just wait and see.”
Fun was far beynd what Mia desired. She just wanted t be like ther kids—running with friends in the hallway, laughing and jking between classes. Reminded f her pimply (长粉刺的) face, she felt hpeless and disappinted.
“Take ut a piece f paper,” the teacher cntinued, when pinting at wrds n the blackbard. “Write fr the next thirty minutes n this tpic.” Mia began writing crazily as idea after idea fught fr recgnitin in her head.
The final result was a shrt stry abut a beautiful beach huse. As she wrte, she culd smell the salty air, hear the crashing waves and feel the pull f the sand beneath her feet. Fr just a mment, she frgt where she was. She was lst in the stry.
“OK, pass yur papers frward,” said the teacher. “Let’s see what we have.” Fr the rest f the class time, the teacher read each individual wrk alud. Mia riginally thught it wuld be awkward. Hwever, she was gradually attracted by the excitement in the teacher’s vice. “He’s actually enjying this,” she thught. When the class wuld be sn ver, there were still fifteen students’ papers nt read, including Mia’s paper. Then, Mr. Jhnsn annunced his decisin, asking these students t read their wrk themselves in frnt f the class next class.
Paragraph 1: A week later, the bell rang and the Language Arts class began again. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: After Mia finished her reading, the clapping (鼓掌) frm her classmates cntinued fr a lng time.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Evlve部分中“Amng the mre than 14,000 rental prperties Evlve manages, there are ver 4.000 ptins that will be happy t hst yur lvable fur-legged friends. S tell Fid he's cming n vacatin!(在Evlve管理的14000多家出租物业中，有4000多家很乐意接待你可爱的四条腿的朋友。所以告诉菲多他要来度假!)”可知，Evlve适合游客带宠物的游客,故选D。
2．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据Lve Hme Swap部分中“Want a relaxing vacatin rental but dn't have the budget fr yur vacatin dreams? A hme swap might be fr yu. And if a basically free vacatin sunds appealing,(想要一个轻松的假期租赁，但没有预算来实现你的假期梦想?换房子可能适合你。如果一个基本免费的假期听起来很吸引人。)”可知，Lve Hme Swap适合那些没有预算却能够实现假期梦想网站，甚至有可能会提供免费假期，因此非常划算。故选B。
3．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Airbnb部分中“What makes Airbnb unique is that yu can chse t spend the night in anything frm a bedrm in smene's hme t a tree huse t a castle in France.(Airbnb的独特之处在于你可以选择在任何地方过夜，从别人家的卧室到法国的树屋，再到城堡)”可知，你可以Airbnb选择和陌生人分享房间。根据Vrb部分中“Unlike Airbnb, nne f the listings nVrb are shared spaces, s yu'll never findsmene else's fd in the fridge r clthes in the clset.(与Airbnb不同，Vrb上的房源都不是共享空间，所以你永远不会在冰箱里找到别人的食物，也不会在衣橱里找到别人的衣服)”可知，在Vb中不会和陌生人共享房间。故Vrb与Airbnb的区别在于，它不提供陌生人之间的合租房间。故选C。
4．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Ftball allwed her t 'release herself and realize 'whatever happens, ftball never leaves yu alne(足球让她“释放自己”，并意识到“无论发生什么，足球永远不会让你孤单。”)"可知，是足球让王霜释放自己，并意识到无论发生什么，足球永远不会让自己孤单。说明她在足球当中她找到了一种归属感。故选D项。
5．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“When a wrld-famus club wanted t sign her, she was 'excited that an excellent cach thught l was gd.it was nly then that she felt cnfident in her abilities.' felt recgnized. Perhaps l had a bit f talent after all.'(当一家世界著名的俱乐部想签下她时，她“很高兴一位优秀的教练认为我很好。"直到那时，她才对自己的能力充满信心。“我觉得被认可了,也许我还是有一点天赋的。)"可知，一位优秀的教练认为王霜很好，并想签下她，因此她通过赢得别人对自己的认可对自己的能力恢复了信心。故选A项。
6．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第六段前三句内容“Caches are almst always hesitant t speak abut individual players. But when cach Shui was asked abut Wang befre the match against Vietnam, she culdn't stp mentining her influence n the team. Unfailingly perfrming n the big stage, Wang did nt let her team dwn.(教练在谈论球员个人时总是犹豫不决。但在与越南队的比赛之前，当水教练被问及王时，她忍不住提到她对球队的影响。一直在大舞台上表演的王没有让她的团队失望。)"可知，水教练认为王霜对球队影响力很大，没有让她的团队失望，说明教练对王霜非常的称赞，C项Favurable“称赞的，赞成的"符合。故选C项。
7．答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段第二句“As the nly girl in the bys’ team, Wang’s perfrmances were impressive, earning her the nickname “Irn Girl.”(作为男队中唯一的女生，王霜的表现令人印象深刻，为她赢得了“铁娘子”的绰号。)”可知，在男足球队中时王霜就表现的非常出色。以及根据第六段前三句内容“Caches are almst always hesitant t speak abut individual players. But when cach Shui was asked abut Wang befre the match against Vietnam, she culdn’t stp mentining her influence n the team. Unfailingly perfrming n the big stage, Wang did nt let her team dwn. (教练在谈论球员个人时总是犹豫不决。但在与越南队的比赛之前，当水教练被问及王霜时，她忍不住提到她对球队的影响。一直在大舞台上表演的王没有让她的团队失望。)”可知教练对王霜的能力非常的认可，对于一个影响力十足的女性足球运动员来说“铿锵玫瑰”的称号值得拥有。因此A项适合作为文章标题。故先A项。
8．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段前两句内容 The rechargeable lithium-in battery market is wrth mre than $50 billin. Lithium-in batteries, whse demand cntinues t g up day by day, are used in a wide range f electrnic devices.可充电锂离子电池市场价值超过500亿美元。锂离子电池的需求与日俱增，广泛应用于电子设备中。可知，锂离子电池市场大，广泛应用电子设备中，它的需求量很大，与日俱增。故正确答案为B。
9．答案：C
解析：段落大意题。根据第三段中的内容" The battery industry is expected t grw sharply in the next decade. This high demand has led cmpanies t g t extremes, like increasing deep-sea mining, t gain access t the minerals used in lithium-in batteries,” Wang said. “Mining minerals will have envirnmental impacts. Recycling spent lithium-in batteries ffers a way ut."电池行业预计将在未来十年迅速增长。这种高需求导致企业走向极端，比如增加深海采矿，以获得用于锂离子电池的矿物。采矿会对环境造成影响。回收废日锂离子电池提供了一条出路。可知，深海采矿获取锂离子矿物质会对环境造成影响，回收利用锂离子会减少对环境的破坏。因此，第三段主要在讲回收电池的主要原因，即为保护环境。故正确答案为C。
10．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第一句 But until nw the prspect f using recycled materials in lithium-in batteries has sme manufacturers(制造商) wrrying that it culd impact perfrmance.但直到现在，在锂离子电池中使用可回收材料的前景让一些制造商担心它可能会影响性能。可知，目前在锂离子电池中使用可回收材料的前景让一些制造商担心它可能会影响性能，也就是说回收回来的锂离子电池性能低效。故正确答案为D
11．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段前三句内容In tests between Wang's team's recycled batteries and brand-new batteries f the same cmpsitin the recycled batteries utperfrm the new nes in their ability t maintain capacity. It tk 11,600 charge cycles fr recycled cathde batteries t lse 30 percent f their riginal capacity. That was abut 50 percent better than the7,600 bserved cycles fr new cathde batteries, the team reprted.在王的团队对回收电池和相同成分的全新电池进行的测试中，回收电池的容量保持能力优于新电池。回收的阴极电池需要11600次充电，才会失去原来容量的30%。研究小组报告说，这比新阴极电池观察到的7600个周期要好50%。可知，回收电池的容量保持能力优于新电池。回收的阴极电池需要11600次充电，才会失去原来容量的30%。研究小组报告说，这比新阴极电池观察到的7600个周期要好50%，可见在充电方面，回收电池的性能优于新电池。这篇文章主要是讲锂离子的需求变大，但开采锂离子矿物质会破坏环境，因此回收电池显得格外重要，所以D项最好地支持了文章的主要观点。故正确答案为D。
12．答案：B
解析：细节理解顾。根据第一段“In sutheastern Brazil, lcal fishers walk int dark waters in search f mullet (鲻鱼). On their wn, it wuld be tricky t find the silvery fish. But the humans get help frm an unusual partner: wild bttlense dlphins"(在巴西南部，当地渔民走进黑暗的水域寻找幅鱼，独自一人要找到这种银色的鱼是很困难的，但人类得到了个不寻常的伙伴的帮朋野生宽吻海豚，)以及第二段中“A signal frm the dlphins — usually a deep dive ― indicates when they shuld cast their nets. This fishing partnership has passed dwn thrugh the generatins, lasting fr mre than a century."(海豚发生的信目-表明它们应该在什么时候撒网。这种捕鱼伙伴关系世代相传，持续了一个多世纪。)可知，前两段主要讲了巴西渔民在海豚的帮助下收获了更多的鱼，故洗B项
13．答案：D
解析：推理判断题，根据第三段中“Nw, in a new study in Prceedings f the Natinal Academy f Sciences, researchers suggest cetaceans that hunt with humans have mre chances t live than thse that dn’t. (现在，在《羊国国家型学院院利》上发表的一新研究中，研究人员指出，与人类一起捕食的鲸目动物比那些不与人类物有更多的生存机会。)可推知，与人类合作的海豚存活率更高。故选D项
14．答案：C
解析：词句猜测频，根据第四段中“Fishers were mre successful when they wrked with the dlphins.”(当渔民和海豚一起工作时，他们更成功。)可知，渔民和海豚的合作是取得成功的原因结合划线词所在句“Eighty-six percent f all 4,955 mullet caught during the study perid came frm “synchrnus (同时的) interactins” — when the allies rganized their actins perfectly with ne anther.”(在研究期间捕获的4955条鲻鱼中，86%来自于他们同时的互动:当allies们完美地组织他们的行动时，)可推知，大多数的鱼都是渔民和海豚合作配合捕获的所以，是”渔民和海豚地组织了他们的行动，他们是“盟友，合作伙伴”，划ermne产用，动选C
15．答案：B
解析：推理判断题，通读全文，结合第一段" In sutheastern Brazil, lcal fishers walk int dark waters in search f mullet”(在巴西东南部，当地渔民走讲里暗的水域寻找照鱼，独自一人要找到这种银色的鱼是很困难的，但人类得到了一不寻常的伙伴的帮助一野生宽吻海剧The study als revealed dlphins hunting with humans had a 13 percent increase in survival rate ver ther dlphins. These cperative dlphins are mre likely t stay near the shre, reducing their chance f entanglement (缠绕) in illegal fishing equipment. Besides, the dlphins can take sme fish directly frm the fishers’ harvest.”(研不显示减少了被非法捕鱼设备缠住的人类一起捕猎的海豚比其他海豚的存活率提高了13%这些合作的海豚更有可能呆在海岸附近机会。此外，海豚可以直接从渔民的收获中获得一些鱼，)可知，文章主要介绍了人类和野生宽吻海豚合作捕鱼的故事，所以作者写文章的主要目的是展示一种独特的人与海豚的关系，故选B
16．答案：GECFA
解析：①G .根据 Self-esteem(自尊) is the ruling view yu have f yurself. This includes yur beliefs abut yur inner qualities and hw yu think thers see yu. Self-esteem is nt always rted in reality, thugh.自尊是你对自己的主要看法。这包括你对自己内在品质的信念，以及你认为别人如何看待你。然而，自尊并不总是根植于现实。可知，此处强调的是什么是自尊，后文应该指出自尊的重要性。G选项“Understanding self-esteem better might be the key t unlcking yur wn self-wrth 更好地理解自尊可能是开启自我价值的关键”承接前文，指出更好的理解自尊能够开启自我价值的关键。故正确答案为G。
②E根据 Having a healthy self-esteem means seeing yurself in a psitive way.拥有健康的自尊意味着以积极的方式看待自己。可知，此处强调拥有健康自尊意味着什么。后面应该继续探讨该话题，即健康的自尊。E选项“It's abut havin9 a stable sense f yur capabilities and a deep trust in yurself 它是关于对自己的能力有一个稳定的感觉，对自己有一个深刻的信任”承接前文，指出健康的自尊就是关于对自己的能力有一个稳定的感觉，对自己有一个深刻的信任。故正确答案为E。
③C根据 Surrund yurself with peple wh lve themselves. Set small, attainable gals t accmplish. Write a list f yur talents, skills, and achievements. Remember that peple are nt perfect and what’s mst imprtant is that yu’re trying. Keep huseplants r a small garden s yu can see success and hw valuable yu are vertime (as they grw, s des yur cnfidence). With practice and perseverance, yu will win this internal struggle t see yurself-wrth.和爱自己的人在一起。设定可以实现的小目标。列出你的才能、技能和成就。记住，人不是完美的，最重要的是你在努力。种植室内植物或一个小花园，这样你就能看到成功和你的价值(随着它们的成长，你的信心也会增加)。通过练习和坚持，你会赢得这场内心的斗争，看到自己的价值。可知，此处讲述的是建立自尊的方法。C选项“Sme ideas t build yurself-esteem may include as fllws 以下是一些建立自尊的方法”能够概括后面的内容。故正确答案为C。
④F根据 in serius cases f lw self-esteem, yu may call in a prfessinal wh can help pe0ple understand their thught patterns and hw thse patterns are cntributing t prblems.在严重的低自尊的情况下，你可以打电话给专业人士，他们可以帮助人们了解他们的思维模
式，以及这些模式是如何导致问题的。可知，此处强调在低自尊的情况下，寻找专业人士来进行帮助。F选项“He helps t treatment al prblems and relieves symptms f lw self-esteem 他帮助治疗所有问题，缓解自卑的症状”承接前文，指出专业人士能够帮助治疗所有问题，缓解自卑的症状。故正确答案为F。
⑤A根据 yu can imprve yurself-esteem and see hw everything else changes as a result 你可以提高你的自尊，看看其他事情是如何改变的。可知，此处强调的是自己最终会提高自尊。前文应该指出产生该结果的原因。A选项“With sme lifestyle changes and supprt 通过一些生活方式的改变和支持”指出在一些生活方式的改变和支持之下，最终会提高自己的自尊。故正确答案为A。
17．答案：C
解析：根据空前的 smth rad 和空后的 instead 可知,与平坦的道路相对应的是崎岖的山路。rugh意为“高低不平的,参差不齐的”,符合题意。spectacular 意为“壮观的”breathtaking意为“惊人的”。
18．答案：A
解析：根据语境可知,作者和导游小心翼翼地走着,突然(suddenly)一朵大王花映入作者的眼帘。literally意为“按字面,字面上”;definitely 意为“明确地”;ultimately 意为“最终”。
19．答案：B
解析：空后提到,作者弯下腰,几乎把鼻子伸进了花心故可推知,作者见到大王花非常高兴(pleased)。alarmec意为“担心的”
20．答案：A
解析：句意:然而,令我惊讶的是,这只是此次旅行的亮点之一。下文提到作者遇到了鳄鱼,可推知遇到大王花只是旅途中的一个亮点,上下文在语义上是转折关系。nevertheless 意为“然而”,符合题意。
21．答案：D
解析：根据语境可知,此处指遇到大王花只是旅途中的一个亮点。highlight意为“最精彩或最激动人心的部分”,符合题意。desire 意为“渴望”;mtivatin 意为“动力”;destinatin 意为“目的地”。
22．答案：C
解析：句意:在我的旅行即将结束之时,我仍有还未看到的事物。apprach 意为“接近”,符合题意。suspend 意为“暂停”;suspect 意为“怀疑”
23．答案：D
解析：句意:我们计划在那里寻找最可怕的生物--咸水鳄,它可以长到6米或更长。根据句意,结合下文中的用手电筒照向泥泞的岸边”可推知,此处指作者他们在寻找咸水鳄。hunt fr 意为“搜寻”,符合题意。hld nt意为“坚持;握住”;pick up意为“捡起;学会”;reflect n意为“考虑:回想”
24．答案：C
解析：根据常识可知,空后的6metres r mre 指的是鳄鱼的长度(length)。
25．答案：A
解析：句意:当我们用手电筒照向泥泞的岸边时,黑暗中传来微弱的声音,好像水下有什么看不见的东西冲破了水面。根据句意可知,此处指黑暗中出现了(emerged)-些声音。pause 意为“停顿”;decline 意为“下降”。
26．答案：B
解析：根据空前的smething unseen underwater 可推知此处指水下有什么看不见的东西冲破了水面。surface意为“表面;水面”,符合题意。
27．答案：C
解析：根据本句中的数词 tw 和下一句中的“那是一条鳄鱼”可推知,此处指水位线上方有两只贪婪的眼睛(eyes)。
28．答案：A
解析：句意:当我们走近时,它移动了(mved),我们清楚地看到那是一条鳄鱼。sink意为“下沉”;hide意为“躲藏”;escape 意为“逃脱”。
29．答案：D
解析：根据下一句It was a baby-n mre than 0.6metre lng可推知,此处指作者他们小心翼翼地靠近它,最终弄清了它的真实尺寸。Make ut意为“(勉强地)辨认”,符合题意。wrk ut 意为“解决;算出”;let ut 意为“泄露”;figure ut 意为“弄清楚;算出”。
30．答案：C
解析：句意:啊哈,不管怎样,我现在可以向家乡那些从未去过婆罗洲的人宣称,我在野外遇到了一条饥饿的鳄鱼,并活下来给大家讲述这个故事。分析句子成分可知,逗号后是wh引导的定语从句,空处是先行词,应指人。结合句意可知,此处指那些从未去过婆罗洲的人(flks)。victim 意为“受害者”;ppnent 意为“反对者”;guide 意为“向导”。
31．答案：B
解析：根据语境可知,此处指作者在野外遇到了一条饥饿的鳄鱼。encunter 意为“偶遇,邂逅”,符合题意。challenge意为“挑战”;terrify 意为“使害怕”;chase 意为“追逐”。
32．答案：①Dynasties②t prevent③t④was named⑤whm⑥and⑦paid⑧rlling⑨the⑩successfully
解析：①Dynasties本题主要考查名词。句意:熏香工艺及其文化可追溯到秦朝，在宋朝发展迅速，并在明清时期得到了更广泛的普及。此处应用名词作宾语，dynasty 意为“朝代”，可数名词，此处表示复数意义，指的是“明清时期”。故正确答案为 Dynasties.
②t prevent本题主要考查非谓语动词。句意:在古代，它被用来预防疾病、昆虫、蚊子和保持人们的健康。be used t d 意为“被用来去做”，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故正确答案为 t prevent
③t本题主要考查介词。句意:几十年来，熏香传承人杨金青一直致力于这一传统工艺，该工艺于2021年6月被评为国家级非物质文化遗产。Cmmit neself t 意为“致力于，投身于”。故正确答案为 t.
④was named本题主要考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意:几十年来，熏香传承人杨金青一直致力于这一传统工艺，该工艺于2021年6月被评为国家级非物质文化遗产。根据句子可知，此处应用动词作 which引导定语从句的谓语动词。此处表示过去事实，同时 which 指代前文的 traditinal craft,表示单数意义，且与动词 name 之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，be 动词用 was故正确答案为 was named。
⑤whm本题主要考查定语从句。句意:最初，他在拜访资深香师的过程中购买了制香设备和原料，并从他们那里获得了宝贵的信息。根据句子可知，此处与 frm 构成“介词+关系代词”的结构，引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是 masters，指人，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词 whm。故正确答案为 whm。
⑥and本题主要考查连词。句意:在所有资源准备就绪的情况下，杨反复试验，恢复了许多古代的熏香配方。根据句意可知，此处表示并列关系，应使用连词 and 连接前后两个动词 experimented和restred。故正确答案为 and。
⑦paid本题主要考查一般过去时。句意:他努力得到了回报，他成功制作了12种古代香，包括龙涎香和那些具有玫瑰和百合味的香。此处应用动词作谓语，句子表述过去事实，应用一般过去时。故正确答案为 paid。
⑧rlling本题主要考查非谓语动词。句意:杨还确保他的产品与时俱进，推出了数千种具有现代吸引力的香产品。句中 makes 为谓语，此处应用非谓语动词。此处表示伴随，且动词rll和逻辑主语 Yang 之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语。故正确答案为 rlling。
⑨the本题主要考查定冠词。句意:到目前为止，他已经创新了传统工艺，制作了无烟熏香，并开发了一种传奇产品，燃烧后显示出有希望的图案和字符。traditinal craft 表示特指，特指“熏香这项传统工艺”，此处应用定冠词。故正确答案为 the.
⑩successfully本题主要考查副词。句意:这些香已经成功为他赢得多项国家专利。此处应用副词作状语，修饰动词，successfully 意为“成功地”。故正确答案为 successfully。
33．答案：
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am writing t express my keen interest in the English Dcent psitin at ur widely respected City Museum. I am enthusiastic abut this pprtunity t utilize my language prficiency and histrical knwledge, and I am certain that I can be an asset t yur team f prfessinal dcents.
As a native Mandarin speaker wh hlds a bachelr's degree in English, I have a slid cmmand f bth English and Mandarin. N nly d I pssess excellent verbal and written cmmunicatin skills. but als I have acquired a prfund insight int American and British cultures.
Thank yu fr cnsidering my applicatin. I wuld greatly appreciate the pprtunity t further discuss my candidacy with yu in an interview.
Yurs,
Li Hua
解析：1.词汇积累
机会:pprtunity- chance
利用:utilize- make use f
持有:hld→ keep
获得:btain→ get
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句:I am writing t express my keen
interest in the English Dcent psitin at ur
widely respected City Museum.
拓展句:I am writing t express my keen interest in the English Dcent psitin at ur widely respected City Museum, which I am eager t apply fr.
【高分句型1】I am certain that I can be an asset t yur team f prfessinal dcents.(用了that引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】As a native Mandarin speake1wh hlds a bachelr's degree in English, have a slid cmmand f bth English and Mandarin.(运用了wh引导的定语从句)
34．答案：
A week later, the bell rang and the Language Arts class began again. Mia was nervus with her head dwn. After ther students finished reading the papers ne by ne, finally, it was Mia's turn. Frzen with fear, Mia std in frnt f the class, with her hands hlding her paper, shaking Seeing it, Mr. Jhnsn tld a funny jke, which made all laugh. Feeling mre relaxed, Mia began reading. She was s fcused that she felt she was alne. She didn't ntice that her stry sn attracted all her classmates wh sat up straight, withut any chatting. They were lst in her fantastic stry.
After Mia finished her reading, the clapping frm her classmates cntinued fr a lng time. Mia was shcked. When she raised her head, she fund everyne staring at her excitedly Mia finally smiled. She fund everyne in the class respnded t her stry psitively. After that class, Mia slwly lifted her head while walking. Later. she kept writing. And she began speaking in frnt f peple and enjyed it. A braver and mre cnfident girl appeared. And she was grateful t Mr. Jhnsn wh believed in every student.
解析：①由第一段首句内容“一周后，铃声响起，语言艺术课又开始了。”可知，第一段可描Mia上去读自己故事时刚开始很不自信，很紧张，通过Mr.Jhnsn的帮助，她逐渐进入状态，同学们也聚精会神地听。
②由第二段首句内容“Mia读完后，同学们的掌声持续了很长时间。"可知，第二段可描写同学们很喜欢Mia的故事，Mia对自己的成功感到震惊和激动，从此她爱上了写作并逐渐自信了。
Mia上台读故事紧张--Mr.Jhnsn缓解气氛--Mia顺利读完自己写的故事-一得到同学们认可--Mia爱上写作--Mia变得更自信了
行为类
①完成:finish/cmplete/accmplish
②颤抖:shake/tremble/quiver
③笑:laugh/burst ut laugh in a/burst int laugh