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2024年新课标全国Ⅰ卷英语高考真题（适用地区山东、广东、湖南、湖北、河北、江苏、福建、浙江、江西、安徽、河南）
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这是一份2024年新课标全国Ⅰ卷英语高考真题（适用地区山东、广东、湖南、湖北、河北、江苏、福建、浙江、江西、安徽、河南），文件包含精品解析2024年新课标全国Ⅰ卷英语真题含听力原卷版docx、精品解析2024年新课标全国Ⅰ卷英语真题含听力解析版docx、1mp3、10mp3、2mp3、3mp3、4mp3、5mp3、6mp3、7mp3、8mp3、9mp3等12份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共38页， 欢迎下载使用。
姓名________________ 准考证号________________
全卷共12页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
考生注意：
1. 答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在试题卷和答题纸规定的位置上。
2. 答题时，请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求，在答题纸相应的位置上规范作答，在本试题卷上的作答一律无效。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is Kate ding?
A. Barding a flight.B. Arranging a trip.C. Seeing a friend ff.
【答案】C
【解析】
原文】M: Thanks fr the wnderful weekend, Kate.
W: That's kay. Bb and I are glad yu came t see us.
M: Oh, I have t g in. My flight will take ff sn. D cntact me when yu're in Sydney.
W: Sure, we will.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers talking abut?
A. A pp star.B. An ld sng.C. A radi prgram.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Paul, listen t the radi. It's Yu've Stlen My Heart, ne f the sngs played at ur wedding.
M: Yeah, hw beautiful! It's been ppular fr almst tw decades.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the speakers d tday?
A. G t an art shw.B. Meet the man's aunt.C. Eat ut with Mark.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: David, frget abut Mark. His aunt is in twn, s he can't g with us tday.
M: Oh, what a pity! It's the last day f the art shw.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What des the man want t d?
A. Cancel an rder.B. Ask fr a receipt.C. Reschedule a delivery.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hw may I help yu?
M: I bught a desk and asked fr it t be delivered t my huse this Friday.
W: Yes, what’s the prblem?
M: I need t have it delivered this Saturday.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When will the next train t Bedfrd leave?
A. At 9:45.B. At 10:15.C. At 11:00.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Next, please.
M: Oh, hi, I missed my 9 'clck train t Bedfrd. D I have t buy anther ticket?
W: N. The next train leaves at a quarter t ten at Platfrm 11.
M: Thank yu.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What will the weather be like tday?
A. Strmy.B. Sunny.C. Fggy.
7. What is the man ging t d?
A. Plant a tree.B. Mve his car.C. Check the map.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hney, have yu checked tday's weather frecast?
M: Yes, it's cld and wet. There is a warning fr strng winds up t 100 kilmeters per hur.
W: What are we ging t d then?
M: Nthing much. Just stay indrs. There is a risk f falling trees and pwer lines.
W: Right.
M: And the lw temperatures culd bring snw t the frest area.
W: I hpe it's ver quickly.
M: Well, it wn't get better until late Wednesday. Anyway, I have t mve the car away frm the trees.
W: Yeah, yu cannt be t careful.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Why is Kathy in Califrnia nw?
A. She is n vacatin there.B. She has just mved there.C. She is ding business there.
9. What is the relatinship between Tm and Fina?
A. Husband and wife.B. Brther and sister.C. Father and daughter.
10. What des Kathy thank Dave fr?
A. Finding her a new jb.B. Sending her a present.C. Calling n her mther.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hell, Dave. This is Kathy frm Sunny Califrnia.
M: Hi, Kathy. Yu finally called. Hw was the mve? All settled in?
W: Srry, I hadn’t called sner, but it’s been a busy mnth. We’re slwly getting things set up in ur new hme.
M: Yeah, I understand. Hw are Jeff and the children?
W: Jeff is ding well with his new jb. Tm has made many new friends here and has a lt t d. Fina is fine, thugh she misses her grandma. By the way, thank yu fr lking in n my mther frm time t time. I call her every week, but it isn’t the same as seeing her.
M: N prblem. Betty and I are friends nw. Hw is the weather there?
W: It’s nice and warm, and we are able t spend sme time every week n the beach with the children.
M: That’s great.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. Hw did Jack g t schl when he was a child?
A. By bike.B. On ft.C. By bus.
12. What is Jack's attitude tward parents driving their kids t schl?
A. Disapprving.B. Encuraging.C. Understanding.
13. What is the prblem with sme parents accrding t the wman?
A. Overprtecting their children.
B. Pushing their children t hard.
C. Having n time fr their children.
【答案】11. B 12. C 13. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Jack, hw did yu get t schl when yu were in primary schl?
M: I lived clse t my schl, s I walked every day. Why?
W: Well, I remember that when we were kids, we ften walked, rde a bike r caught the bus t schl. Few f us were drpped ff at the schl gate by ur parents.
M: I see what yu mean, these days yu can see traffic jams arund schls that drp ff at pick-up times, but it’s hard t blame the parents. They have gd reasns fr driving their kids t schl, mstly t d with safety and cnvenience.
W: Yu have a pint there, but it culd als mean children are missing ut n much needed exercise and ther life skills. Sme parents are just being ver-prtective with their children learning nthing, but living in fear f everything. Studies have fund that children wh spend mre time utside tend t be healthier, better adjusted and better at dealing with stress.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. Why did Marie pst her kitchen gardening nline at first?
A. T keep recrds f her prgress.
B. T sell hme-grwn vegetables.
C. T mtivate her fellw gardeners.
15. Why des Marie recmmend beginners t grw strawberries?
A. They need n special care.
B. They can be used in cking.
C. They bear a lt f fruit sn.
16. What is difficult fr Marie t grw?
A. Herbs.B. Carrts.C. Pears.
17. What is Marie's advice t thse interested in kitchen gardening?
A. Aim high.B. Keep fcused.C. Stay ptimistic.
【答案】14. A 15. C 16. B 17. C
【解析】
【原文】M: S Aurie, yur kitchen garden lks excellent. What made yu turn t scial media t recrd yur vegetable grwing?
W: Initially, I used the nline platfrm as a diary, smething t lk back n, giving me a sense f achievements and keeping me mtivated and mving frward. As time went by, ther gardeners and like-minded peple began t fllw my prgress, t.
M: I knw yu grw lts f fruit n yur land. Which wuld yu recmmend t beginners as the best t grw?
W: Strawberries wuld be a gd chice. They prduce a lt f fruit in their first seasn.
M: That's cl. Well, d yu have plans t try newr any particular crps next year?
W: Next seasn I will be adding sme pear trees t the fruit area. I will be adding mre herbs which I can use in the kitchen. After a cuple f years f failure, I will try grwing carrts again.
M: What advice wuld yu ffer smene thinkingf ding kitchen gardening?
W: Have a plan f what yu want yur kitchen garden t lk like. Dn't be t discuraged if things dn't g accrding t plan. Learn frm yur mistakes and mve n. There's always next seasn.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. What is "Life f Jhnsn"?
A. A magazine clumn.B. A TV series.C. A histrical nvel.
19. What is Jhnsn famus fr?
A. His acting talent.B. His humrus writing.C. His lng sprts career.
20. When did Jhnsn jin Sprts Times?
A. In 1981.B. In 1983.C. In 1985.
【答案】18. A 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Welcme t Meet the Authr. Well, many readers f Sprts Times turn t the last page f their magazine first in rder t read Jacb Jhnsn's weekly article under the title Life f Jhnsn, the articles alng with his nvels and essay cllectins have earned Jhnsn the reputatin as ne f the funniest humans n the planet. Jhnsn began writing abut sprts as a secnd-year student at the University f Clrad, cvering high schl vlleyball games fr his hmetwn newspaper. After graduating in 1981, he mved n t wrk at the Denver Weekly fr 2 years and the Ls Angeles Pst fr tw mre years befre landing at Sprts Times. He has been vted natinal sprts writer f the year 11 times. S nw let's welcme the funny man with serius tne, Jacb Jhnsn.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
HABITAT RESTORATION TEAM
Help restre and prtect Marin's natural areas frm the Marin Headlands t Blinas Ridge. We'll explre beautiful park sites while cnducting invasive (侵入的) plant remval, winter planting, and seed cllectin. Habitat Restratin Team vlunteers play a vital rle in restring sensitive resurces and prtecting endangered species acrss the ridges and valleys.
GROUPS
Grups f five r mre require special arrangements and must be cnfirmed in advance. Please review the List f Available Prjects and fill ut the Grup Prject Request Frm.
AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING
Vlunteers aged 10 and ver are welcme. Read ur Yuth Plicy Guidelines fr yuth under the age f 15.
Bring yur cmpleted Vlunteer Agreement Frm. Vlunteers under the age f 18 must have the parent/guardian apprval sectin signed.
We'll be wrking rain r shine. Wear clthes that can get dirty. Bring layers fr changing weather and a raincat if necessary.
Bring a persnal water bttle, sunscreen, and lunch.
N experience necessary. Training and tls will be prvided. Fulfills (满足) cmmunity service requirements.
UPCOMING EVENTS
21. What is the aim f the Habitat Restratin Team?
A. T discver mineral resurces.B. T develp new wildlife parks.
C. T prtect the lcal ecsystem.D. T cnduct bilgical research.
22. What is the lwer age limit fr jining the Habitat Restratin Team?
A. 5.B. 10.C. 15.D. 18.
23. What are the vlunteers expected t d?
A. Bring their wn tls.B. Wrk even in bad weather.
C. Wear a team unifrm.D. D at least three prjects.
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了参加保护当地生态系统的栖息地恢复小组的时间地点等相关细节。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Help restre and prtect Marin’s natural areas frm the Marin Headlands t Blinas Ridge. We’ll explre beautiful park sites while cnducting invasive (侵入的) plant remval, winter planting, and seed cllectin. Habitat Restratin Team vlunteers play a vital rle in restring sensitive resurces and prtecting endangered species acrss the ridges and valleys. (帮助恢复和保护从马林海岬到波利纳斯岭的马林海的自然区域。我们将探索美丽的公园场地，同时进行入侵植物清除、冬季种植和种子收集。栖息地恢复小组的志愿者在恢复敏感资源和保护山脊和山谷中的濒危物种方面发挥着至关重要的作用)”可知，栖息地恢复小组的目的是保护当地生态系统。故选C项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Vlunteers aged 10 and ver are welcme. (欢迎10岁及以上的志愿者)”可知，参加栖息地恢复小组的最低年龄限制是10岁。故选B项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“We’ll be wrking rain r shine. (我们将风雨无阻地工作)”可知，身为志愿者，即使天气不好也要工作。故选B项。
B
“I am nt crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shrtly after perfrming acupuncture (针灸) n a rabbit. “I am ahead f my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even sme f his cwrkers ccasinally laugh at his unusual methds. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s ne f a small but grwing number f American veterinarians (兽医) nw practicing “hlistic” medicine-cmbining traditinal Western treatments with acupuncture, chirpractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine.
Farber, a graduate f Clrad State University, started ut as a mre cnventinal veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ag when he suffered frm terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but fund little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he imprved after tw r three treatments. What wrked n a veterinarian seemed likely t wrk n his patients. S, after studying the techniques fr a cuple f years, he began ffering them t pets.
Leigh Tindale’s dg Charlie had a serius heart cnditin. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared t put him t sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dg’s suffering s much that she was able t keep him alive fr an additinal five mnths. And Priscilla Dewing reprts that her hrse, Nappy, “mves mre easily and rides mre cmfrtably” after a chirpractic adjustment.
Farber is certain that the hlistic apprach will grw mre ppular with time, and if the past is any indicatin, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Hlistic Veterinary Medical Assciatin has grwn frm 30 t ver 700. “Smetimes it surprises me that it wrks s well,” he says. “I will d anything t help an animal. That’s my jb.”
24. What d sme f Farber’s cwrkers think f him?
A. He’s dd.B. He’s strict.C. He’s brave.D. He’s rude.
25. Why did Farber decide t try acupuncture n pets?
A. He was trained in it at university.B. He was inspired by anther veterinarian.
C. He benefited frm it as a patient.D. He wanted t save mney fr pet wners.
26. What des paragraph 3 mainly talk abut?
A. Steps f a chirpractic treatment.B. The cmplexity f veterinarians’ wrk.
C. Examples f rare animal diseases.D. The effectiveness f hlistic medicine.
27. Why des the authr mentin the American Hlistic Veterinary Medical Assciatin?
A. T prve Farber’s pint.B. T emphasize its imprtance.
C. T praise veterinarians.D. T advcate animal prtectin.
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述兽医威廉·法伯(William Farber)博士在从针灸中受益后，将综合医疗应用于动物，并取得了初步成效。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even sme f his cwrkers ccasinally laugh at his unusual methds.( 如果他看起来有点自卫，那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑他不寻常的方法。) ”可知，Farber的同事们有时会嘲笑他不寻常的方法，他们认为他很奇怪。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he imprved after tw r three treatments. What wrked n a veterinarian seemed likely t wrk n his patients. S, after studying the techniques fr a cuple f years, he began ffering them t pets.(然后，他尝试了针灸，这是一种古老的中国疗法，并惊讶地发现，经过两三次治疗，他的病情有所好转。对兽医有效的方法似乎对他的病人也有效。因此，在研究了这些技术几年后，他开始把它们提供给宠物。)”可知，Farber作为患者从针灸中受益，这促使他决定尝试在宠物上使用针灸。故选C。
【26题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段内容“Leigh Tindale’s dg Charlie had a serius heart cnditin. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared t put him t sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dg’s suffering s much that she was able t keep him alive fr an additinal five mnths. And Priscilla Dewing reprts that her hrse, Nappy, “mves mre easily and rides mre cmfrtably” after a chirpractic adjustment.(利·廷代尔的狗查理患有严重的心脏病。廷代尔说，查理心脏病发作后，她准备让他进入睡眠状态，但法伯的治疗大大减轻了她的狗的痛苦，她能够让它多活五个月。普里西拉·杜因(Priscilla Dewing)报告说，她的马纳皮(Nappy)经过脊椎按摩调整后，“行动更容易，乘车更舒服”。) ”可知，本段主要讲述了两个例子，一个是Farber通过整体医学方法帮助了患有严重心脏病的狗Charlie，另一个是马Nappy在接受脊椎按摩治疗后移动和骑行更为舒适。这些例子都是为了说明整体医学的有效性。故选D。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容“Farber is certain that the hlistic apprach will grw mre ppular with time, and if the past is any indicatin, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Hlistic Veterinary Medical Assciatin has grwn frm 30 t ver 700. ( 法伯确信，随着时间的推移，综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，如果过去有任何迹象的话，他可能是对的:自1982年以来，美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个。)”可知，法伯认为综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，随后作者列举了美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个的例子，因此推断美国整体兽医协会是为证明法伯的观点。故选A。
C
Is cmprehensin the same whether a persn reads a text nscreen r n paper? And are listening t and viewing cntent as effective as reading the written wrd when cvering the same material? The answers t bth questins are ften “n”. The reasns relate t a variety f factrs, including reduced cncentratin, an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency t multitask while cnsuming digital cntent.
When reading texts f several hundred wrds r mre, learning is generally mre successful when it’s n paper than nscreen. A large amunt f research cnfirms this finding. The benefits f print reading particularly shine thrugh when experimenters mve frm psing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — t nes that require mental abstractin — such as drawing inferences frm a text.
The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related t paper’s physical prperties. With paper, there is a literal laying n f hands, alng with the visual gegraphy f distinct pages. Peple ften link their memry f what they’ve read t hw far int the bk it was r where it was n the page.
But equally imprtant is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have prpsed a thery called “shallwing hypthesis (假说)”. Accrding t this thery, peple apprach digital texts with a mindset suited t scial media, which are ften nt s serius, and devte less mental effrt than when they are reading print.
Audi (音频) and vide can feel mre engaging than text, and s university teachers increasingly turn t these technlgies — say, assigning an nline talk instead f an article by the same persn. Hwever, psychlgists have demnstrated that when adults read news stries, they remember mre f the cntent than if they listen t r view identical pieces.
Digital texts, audi and vide all have educatinal rles, especially when prviding resurces nt available in print. Hwever, fr maximizing learning where mental fcus and reflectin are called fr, educatrs shuldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they cntain identical wrds.
28. What des the underlined phrase “shine thrugh” in paragraph 2 mean?
A Seem unlikely t last.B. Seem hard t explain.
C. Becme ready t use.D. Becme easy t ntice.
29. What des the shallwing hypthesis assume?
A. Readers treat digital texts lightly.B. Digital texts are simpler t understand.
C. Peple select digital texts randmly.D. Digital texts are suitable fr scial media.
30. Why are audi and vide increasingly used by university teachers?
A. They can hld students' attentin.B. They are mre cnvenient t prepare.
C. They help develp advanced skills.D. They are mre infrmative than text.
31. What des the authr imply in the last paragraph?
A. Students shuld apply multiple learning techniques.
B. Teachers shuld prduce their wn teaching material.
C. Print texts cannt be entirely replaced in educatin.
D. Educatin utside the classrm cannt be ignred.
【答案】28. D 29. A 30. A 31. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是议论文。主要讨论了纸质阅读与数字阅读、音频和视频学习方式的差异和效果。
【28题详解】
词句猜测题。根据前文“When reading texts f several hundred wrds r mre, learning is generally mre successful when it’s n paper than nscreen. A large amunt f research cnfirms this finding.(当阅读几百字或更多的文本时，在纸上学习通常比在屏幕上学习更成功。大量的研究证实了这一发现)”可知，在纸上学习更有成效，以及后文“when experimenters mve frm psing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — t nes that require mental abstractin — such as drawing inferences frm a text.(当实验人员从提出简单的任务(如识别阅读文章的主旨)转移到需要思维抽象的任务(如从文本中推断)时)”推知，此处应是表达“当实验者从简单的任务转向需要精神抽象的任务时，纸质阅读的益处就变得显而易见”之意，所以shine thrugh应是“显而易见”之意，和D项意思相近。故选D项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“But equally imprtant is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have prpsed a thery called “shallwing hypthesis (假说)”. Accrding t this thery, peple apprach digital texts with a mindset suited t scial media, which are ften nt s serius, and devte less mental effrt than when they are reading print.(但同样重要的是精神层面。阅读研究人员提出了一个名为“shallwing hypthesis”的理论。根据这一理论，人们以适合社交媒体的心态接触数字文本，这些文本通常不那么严肃，与阅读印刷品时相比，投入的精神努力也更少)”可知，shallwing hypthesis假设读者在阅读数字文本时会持有一种轻松的心态，不会像阅读纸质书籍那样投入太多的心理努力。故选A项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Audi (音频) and vide can feel mre engaging than text, and s university teachers increasingly turn t these technlgies — say, assigning an nline talk instead f an article by the same persn.(音频和视频可能比文本更具吸引力，因此大学教师越来越多地转向这些技术，例如分配在线讲座而不是同一作者的文章)”可知，音频和视频比文本更能吸引学生的注意力，所以大学教师越来越多地使用这些技术。故选A项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Digital texts, audi and vide all have educatinal rles, especially when prviding resurces nt available in print. Hwever, fr maximizing learning where mental fcus and reflectin are called fr, educatrs shuldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they cntain identical wrds.(数字文本、音频和视频都具有教育作用，尤其是在提供印刷品中无法获得的资源时。然而，为了在需要精神集中和反思的情况下最大限度地学习，教育工作者不应假定所有媒体都是相同的，即使它们包含相同的单词)”可知，尽管数字文本、音频和视频在教育中有一定作用，但当需要精神集中和反思以最大化学习时，教育者不应假定所有媒体都是相同的，即使它们包含相同的单词。这表明作者认为纸质文本在教育中的作用仍然不可替代，因此暗示纸质文本在教育中的重要性。故选C项。
D
In the race t dcument the species n Earth befre they g extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have cllected billins f recrds. Tday, mst recrds f bidiversity are ften in the frm f phts, vides, and ther digital recrds. Thugh they are useful fr detecting shifts in the number and variety f species in an area, a new Stanfrd study has fund that this type f recrd is nt perfect.
“With the rise f technlgy it is easy fr peple t make bservatins f different species with the aid f a mbile applicatin,” said Barnabas Daru, wh is lead authr f the study and assistant prfessr f bilgy in the Stanfrd Schl f Humanities and Sciences. “These bservatins nw utnumber the primary data that cmes frm physical specimens (标本), and since we are increasingly using bservatinal data t investigate hw species are respnding t glbal change, I wanted t knw: Are they usable?”
Using a glbal dataset f 1.9 billin recrds f plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested hw well these data represent actual glbal bidiversity patterns.
“We were particularly interested in explring the aspects f sampling that tend t bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihd f a citizen scientist t take a picture f a flwering plant instead f the grass right next t it,” said Daru.
Their study revealed that the large number f bservatin-nly recrds did nt lead t better glbal cverage. Mrever, these data are biased and favr certain regins, time perids, and species. This makes sense because the peple wh get bservatinal bidiversity data n mbile devices are ften citizen scientists recrding their encunters with species in areas nearby. These data are als biased tward certain species with attractive r eye-catching features.
What can we d with the imperfect datasets f bidiversity?
“Quite a lt,” Daru explained. “Bidiversity apps can use ur study results t infrm users f versampled areas and lead them t places — and even species — that are nt well-sampled. T imprve the quality f bservatinal data, bidiversity apps can als encurage users t have an expert cnfirm the identificatin f their upladed image.”
32. What d we knw abut the recrds f species cllected nw?
A. They are becming utdated.B. They are mstly in electrnic frm.
C. They are limited in number.D. They are used fr public exhibitin.
33. What des Daru’s study fcus n?
A. Threatened species.B. Physical specimens.
C. Observatinal data.D. Mbile applicatins.
34. What has led t the biases accrding t the study?
A. Mistakes in data analysis.B. Pr quality f upladed pictures.
C. Imprper way f sampling.D. Unreliable data cllectin devices.
35. What is Daru’s suggestin fr bidiversity apps?
A. Review data frm certain areas.B. Hire experts t check the recrds.
C. Cnfirm the identity f the users.D. Give guidance t citizen scientists.
【答案】32. B 33. C 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了斯坦福大学的一项研究发现，数字生物多样性记录存在偏见，建议应用程序引导公民科学家获取更好的数据。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Tday, mst recrds f bidiversity are ften in the frm f phts, vides, and ther digital recrds. (今天，大多数生物多样性记录通常以照片、视频和其他数字记录的形式出现。)”可知，现在收集的物种记录大多是以电子形式存在的。故选B。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“These bservatins nw utnumber the primary data that cmes frm physical specimens (标本), and since we are increasingly using bservatinal data t investigate hw species are respnding t glbal change, I wanted t knw: Are they usable? (这些观察结果现在超过了来自物理标本的原始数据，而且由于我们越来越多地使用观察数据来研究物种如何应对全球变化，我想知道：它们有用吗?)”和第四段““We were particularly interested in explring the aspects f sampling that tend t bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihd f a citizen scientist t take a picture f a flwering plant instead f the grass right next t it,” said Daru. (Daru说“我们特别感兴趣的是探索取样容易产生数据偏差的方面，比如公民科学家更有可能拍摄开花植物的照片，而不是它旁边的草。”)”可知，Daru的研究聚焦于观察数据，即人们通过移动应用记录的物种观察数据。故选C。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段““We were particularly interested in explring the aspects f sampling that tend t bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihd f a citizen scientist t take a picture f a flwering plant instead f the grass right next t it,” said Daru. (Daru说“我们特别感兴趣的是探索取样容易产生数据偏差的方面，比如公民科学家更有可能拍摄开花植物的照片，而不是它旁边的草。”)”以及第五段“This makes sense because the peple wh get bservatinal bidiversity data n mbile devices are ften citizen scientists recrding their encunters with species in areas nearby.( 这是有道理的，因为在移动设备上获得观察生物多样性数据的人通常是公民科学家，他们记录了他们在附近地区与物种的接触。)”可知，导致数据偏差的原因是采样方式的不当。故选C。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Bidiversity apps can use ur study results t infrm users f versampled areas and lead them t places — and even species — that are nt well-sampled. T imprve the quality f bservatinal data, bidiversity apps can als encurage users t have an expert cnfirm the identificatin f their upladed image. (生物多样性应用程序可以使用我们的研究结果来告知用户样本过多的地区，并将他们引导到样本不足的地方，甚至是物种。为了提高观测数据的质量，生物多样性应用程序还可以鼓励用户让专家确认他们上传的图像的身份。)”可知，Daru 建议生物多样性应用应该给公民科学家提供指导。故选D。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Nt all great writers are great spellers. If yu want t be published, it's vital t submit a perfect, prfessinally presented manuscript (原稿). ____36____ N editr is likely t tlerate a writer wh des nt take the truble t spell wrds crrectly.
I keep tw reference bks clse-by n my desk: dictinary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I dn't trust my laptp's spellchecker. ____37____ Of curse, these days there are plenty f nline dictinaries and thesauruses, but I'm ld-fashined enugh t prefer a hard cver and pages I can leaf thrugh with my fingers. I use the Cncise Oxfrd Dictinary and the Cllins Thesaurus.
____38____ It shuld give yu a precise definitin f each wrd, thus differentiating it frm ther wrds whse meanings are similar, but nt identical. It will als usually shw hw the wrd is prnunced.
In additin, I have an ld tw-vlume cpy f the Shrter Oxfrd Dictinary, picked up a few years ag in a bkshp sale fr just 99 pence. Of curse, with its 2,672 pages, it's nt exactly shrt. It cntains arund 163,000 wrds, plus wrd cmbinatins and idimatic phrases. ____39____ Hwever, if I need t check the rigin f a wrd r t lk up examples f its usage, there's nthing better.
Fr well ver a hundred years the mst influential English dictinary was Samuel Jhnsn's Dictinary f the English Language published in 1755. "T make dictinaries is dull (乏味) wrk," wrte Jhnsn, illustrating ne definitin f "dull". ____40____ A few minutes spent casting yur eye ver a page r tw can be a rewarding experience.
A. I dn't ften use this dictinary.
B. It takes n accunt f the cntext.
C. But I still dn't want t replace them.
D. But a dictinary can be a pleasure t read.
E. Of curse, a dictinary is nt nly fr spelling.
F. That means gd grammar and n spelling mistakes.
G. Dictinaries dn't always give yu enugh infrmatin.
【答案】36. F 37. B 38. E 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者使用英语词典的经验和心得以及从中获得的乐趣。
【36题详解】
上文“If yu want t be published, it’s vital t submit a perfect, prfessinally presented manuscript(如果你想发表，提交一份完美的、专业的手稿是至关重要的)”提到了完美的、专业的手稿的重要性，手稿中不能有语法和拼写错误是专业的手稿的要求之一。F选项“That means gd grammar and n spelling mistakes.(这意味着语法正确，没有拼写错误。)”是对手稿要求的进一步解释说明，符合题意。故选F项。
【37题详解】
上文“I dn’t trust my laptp’s spellchecker.(我不相信我笔记本电脑的拼写检查器。)”提到了作者不相信电脑的拼写检查器;下文“Of curse, these days there are plenty f nline dictinaries and thesauruses, but I’m ld-fashined enugh t prefer a hard cver and pages I can leaf thrugh with my fingers.(当然，现在有很多在线词典和同义词库，但我是一个守旧的人，更喜欢精装的书和能用手指翻阅的书页。)”提到了作者更喜欢实体书和能用手指翻阅的书页，说明电子设备可能不会考虑上下文，所以B选项“It takes n accunt f the cntext.(它不考虑上下文。)”解释了上文的原因，具有承上启下的作用。故选B项。
【38题详解】
下文“It shuld give yu a precise definitin f each wrd, thus differentiating it frm ther wrds whse meanings are similar, but nt identical. It will als usually shw hw the wrd is prnunced.(它应该给出每个单词的精确定义，从而将其与其他含义相似但不相同的单词区分开来。它通常还会显示单词的发音。)”提到了字典的功能，E选项“Of curse, a dictinary is nt nly fr spelling.(当然，字典不仅仅是用来拼写的。)”提到了字典的部分功能，能引起下文内容。故选E项。
【39题详解】
下文“Hwever, if I need t check the rigin f a wrd r t lk up examples f its usage, there’s nthing better.(然而，如果我需要检查一个单词的来源或查找其用法的例子，没有什么比这更好的了。)”提到了字典的使用情况，A选项“I dn’t ften use this dictinary.(我不经常用这本字典。)”是对字典使用频率的说明，与下文构成转折关系。故选A项。
【40题详解】
上文“ “T make dictinaries is dull (乏味) wrk, ” wrte Jhnsn, illustrating ne definitin f ”dull".(约翰逊在解释“dull”的一个定义时写道：“编字典是件无聊的工作(乏味)。”)”提到了编写字典是件乏味的工作，下文“A few minutes spent casting yur eye ver a page r tw can be a rewarding experience.(花几分钟的时间浏览一两页是一种有益的体验。)”提到浏览字典也是一种阅读的乐趣，D选项“But a dictinary can be a pleasure t read.(但是一本字典读起来是一种乐趣。)”是作者对字典的评价，与上文的“乏味”形成对比，与上文构成转折关系。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
I’ve been mtivated — and demtivated — by ther flks’ achievement s all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighbrhd friend ____41____ a marathn race. Feeling mtivated, I started running ____42____, but then tw things happened. First, a girl I met ne day tld me she was ____43____ fr a “super,” referring t a 52.4-mile duble marathn. Then, the next day I went n my lngest run — 15 miles. T be hnest, I ____44____ it! Between the girl making my ____45____ seem small and the pure bredm f jgging, I decided that the nly ____46____ I’d ever run again is if a big dg was running after me!
S I ____47____ cycling. I gt a gd bike and rde a lt. I ____48____ f entering cycle races until I flew t San Dieg t visit my sister. While she was at wrk ne day, I ____49____ her bike and went fr a ride. The ____50____: The rads there went thrugh large valleys where I’d be riding uphill fr miles at a time. I’d never faced such ____51____. That day, I gt ____52____ by abut 100 “lcal” bikers wh were used t such rads. When I gt back hme, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as ____53____.
I’ve ____54____ a lt since then. I’ve cme t accept that whatever ____55____ I set fr myself, they just have t be my wn.
41. A. knewB. heldC. wnD. quit
42. A. regularlyB. silentlyC. prudlyD. recently
43. A. askingB. lkingC. waitingD. training
44. A. madeB. believedC. hatedD. deserved
45. A. advantageB. achievementC. cntributinD. influence
46. A. wayB. riskC. placeD. reasn
47. A. gave upB. went nC. turned tD. dealt with
48. A. heardB. dreamedC. cmplainedD. apprved
49. A. paintedB. brrwedC. bughtD. parked
50. A. prblemB. secretC. principleD. advice
51. A. dangersB. eventsC. ppnentsD. challenges
52. A. passedB. cnvincedC. admiredD. stpped
53. A. reliableB. cnvenientC. familiarD. appealing
54. A. traveledB. maturedC. missedD. wrried
55. A. limitsB. datesC. galsD. tests
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. B 50. A 51. D 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。它详细叙述了作者在不同阶段对不同运动（跑步和骑自行车）的兴趣和经历，并通过这些经历反映了作者的成长和心理变化。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我十几岁的时候，一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。A. knew知道；B. held抓住；C. wn赢得；D. quit退出。根据后文“Feeling mtivated”可知，作者有了动力，所以此处应是一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。故选C项。
【42题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：有了动力，我开始定期跑步，但后来发生了两件事。A. regularly有规律地；B. silently默默地；C. prudly自豪地；D. recently最近。根据前文“Feeling mtivated” 可知，作者有了动力，所以应是定期跑步，符合语境。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，有一天我遇到的一个女孩告诉我，她正在为“超级”马拉松训练，指的是52.4英里的双马拉松。A. asking要求；B. lking看；C. waiting等待；D. training训练。根据后文“referring t a 52.4-mile duble marathn”可知，女孩要跑双马拉松，所以此处应是为之训练，符合语境。故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：说实话，我讨厌它!A. made制作；B. believed相信；C. hated讨厌；D. deserved值得。根据前文“Then, the next day I went n my lngest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“Between the girl making my 5 seem small and the pure bredm f jgging”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles和女孩一比微不足道，所以是讨厌这个成绩。故选C项。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我! A. advantage优势；B. achievement成就；C. cntributin贡献；D. influence影响。根据前文“Then, the next day I went n my lngest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“seem small”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles，而女孩在为52.4 miles做训练，所以应是作者的成就微不足道。故选B项。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我!A. way方式；B. risk风险；C. place地方；D. reasn理由。根据后文“I’d ever run again is if a big dg was running after me!”可知，有一只大狗在追“我”，“我”才会再跑步，这里说的是跑步的原因。故选D项。
【47题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我开始骑自行车。A. gave up放弃；B. went n继续；C. turned t转向；D. dealt with处理。根据前文“I decided that the nly 6 I'd ever run again is if a big dg was running after me!”可知，作者决定放弃跑步，所以此处应是转向骑自行车。故选C项。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我梦想着参加自行车比赛，直到我飞到圣地亚哥去看我妹妹。A. heard听到；B. dreamed梦想；C. cmplained抱怨；D. apprved批准。根据后文“f entering cycle races”结合选项可知，此处应是作者梦想着参加自行车比赛，符合语境。故选B项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天她上班的时候，我借了她的自行车去兜风。A. painted把……描绘成；B. brrwed借；C. bught买；D. parked停(车)。根据前文“I flew t San Dieg t visit my sister”以及后文“went fr a ride”可知，作者去看妹妹，所以要去骑行的话，应是向妹妹借自行车。故选B项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是：那里的道路穿过很大的山谷，我一次要骑上坡好几英里。A. prblem问题；B. secret秘密；C. principle原则；D. advice建议。根据后文“I’d be riding uphill fr miles at a time. I’d never faced such 11 .”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说，是一个问题。故选A项。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有遇到过这样的挑战。A. dangers危险；B. events事件；C. ppnents对手；D. challenges挑战。根据前文“The 10 : The rads there went thrugh large valleys where I’d be riding uphill fr miles at a time.”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说是一个挑战。故选D项。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：。那天，我被大约100个习惯了这种道路的“当地”骑自行车的人超过了。A. passed超过；B. cnvinced说服；C. admired欣赏；D. stpped阻止。根据前文“I’d never faced such 11 .”可知，作者骑上坡好几英里是个挑战，所以是被很多人超过。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我回到家，突然骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。A. reliable可信赖的；B. cnvenient方便的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. appealing吸引人的。根据前文“That day, I gt 12 by abut 100 “lcal” bikers wh were used t such rads.”可知，作者那天骑行被100多人超过，所以此时是觉得骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。故选D项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后我成熟了很多。A. traveled旅行；B. matured (情感和认识)成熟；C. missed思念；D. wrried担心。根据后文“I’ve cme t accept that whatever 15 I set fr myself, they just have t be my wn.”可知，作者不再轻易放弃，所以是成熟了很多。故选B项。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经开始接受这样一个事实：无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的。A. limits限制；B. dates日期；C. gals目标；D. tests测试。根据后文“I set fr myself, they just have t be my wn.”可知，此处应是“无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的”，符合语境。故选C项。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Heatherwick Studi recently built a greenhuse at the edge f the Natinal Trust’s Wlbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshuse, is at the centre f a new garden that shws hw the Silk Rad influences English gardens even in mdern times.
The latest ____56____ (engineer) techniques are applied t create this prtective ____57____ (functin) structure that is als beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made f glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals pen n warm days ____58____ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cld weather, the structure stays ____59____ (clse) t prtect the plants.
Further, the Silk Rute Garden arund the greenhuse ____60____ (walk) visitrs thrugh a jurney influenced by the ancient Silk Rad, by which silk as well as many plant species came t Britain fr ____61____ first time. These plants included mdern Western ____62____ (favurite) such as rsemary, lavender and fennel. The garden als cntains a winding path that guides visitrs thrugh the twelve regins f the Silk Rad. The path ffers ver 300 plant species fr visitrs t see, t.
The Glasshuse stands ____63____ a great achievement in cntemprary design, t huse the plants f the suthwestern part f China at the end f a path retracing (追溯) the steps alng the Silk Rute ____64____ brught the plants frm their native habitat in Asia t cme t define much f the _____65_____ (rich) f gardening in England.
【答案】56. engineering
57. functinal
58. t give
59. clsed 60. walks
61 the 62. favrites
63. as 64. which##that
65. richness
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Heatherwick工作室最近公布的一个新项目——一个位于国家信托基金会伍尔贝丁花园边缘的动态温室，并详细描述了该温室的设计、功能、以及它如何与丝绸之路的历史和丝绸之路花园相结合。
【56题详解】
考查名词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。根据句意可知，空处考查短语engineering techniques，意为“工程技术”，符合句意。故填engineering。
【57题详解】
考查形容词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。空处修饰名词structure，应用形容词作定语functinal，符合题意。故填functinal。
【58题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：温室在温暖日子里开放，利用液压系统为内部植物提供阳光和通风。use sth. t d sth.为固定搭配，表示“使用某物去做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式作宾语补足语。故填t give。
【59题详解】
考查形容词。句意：然后在寒冷的天气里，这个结构保持关闭，以保护亚热带植物。空处用于stays之后作表语，应用形容词clsed，表示“紧闭的”，符合题意。故填clsed。
【60题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。walk sb. thrugh，意为“带领某人穿过……”，空处为本句谓语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语the Silk Rute Garden为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。
【61题详解】
考查冠词。句意：亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路线第一次为英国带来了丝绸、香料和许多植物。固定搭配：fr the first time，意为“第一次”，符合句意。故填the。
【62题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：这些植物包括现代西方最受喜爱的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。favrite是可数名词，意为“特别受喜爱的东西”，根据空后such as rsemary, lavender and fennel可知，空处应用名词的复数形式。故填favrites。
【63题详解】
考查介词。句意：Mark Wdruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”根据句意可知，空处指的是“作为”，应用介词as。故填as。
【64题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：Mark Wdruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词design，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。
【65题详解】
考查名词。句意：Mark Wdruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处与glry并列，应用名词形式richness，作介词f的宾语。故填richness。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
66. 假定你是李华，上周五你们班在公园上了一堂美术课。请你给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：
（1）你完成的作品；
（2）你的感想。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
I’m writing t share with yu an art class I had in a park last Friday.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Chris,
I’m writing t share with yu an art class I had in a park last Friday.
We were tasked t draw r paint smething that impressed us mst. Inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided t create a waterclr painting f the small bridge ver the park’s pnd, surrunded by blming flwers.
The entire experience was incredibly refreshing. Being surrunded by nature nt nly sparked my creativity but als ffered a much-needed break frm the usual hustle and bustle f schl life. I felt a deep sense f peace as I painted.
In a wrd, It was nt just an art class; it was a mment f cnnectin with nature that I truly cherished.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇是应用文写作。要求考生给Chris写一封信, 分享在公园上美术课的经历。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
决定：decide→determine
整个的：entire→whle
提供：ffer→prvide
总之：in a wrd→in shrt
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided t create a waterclr painting f the small bridge ver the park’s pnd, surrunded by blming flwers.
拓展句：Because I was inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided t create a waterclr painting f the small bridge ver the park’s pnd, which was surrunded by blming flwers.
【点睛】[高分句型1]We were tasked t draw r paint smething that impressed us mst. (that引导的定语从句)
[高分句型2] I felt a deep sense f peace as I painted.(as引导的时间状语从句)
第二节 （满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I met Gunter n a cld, wet and unfrgettable evening in September. I had planned t fly t Vienna and take a bus t Prague fr a cnference. Due t a big strm, my flight had been delayed by an hur and a half. I tuched dwn in Vienna just 30 minutes befre the departure f the last bus t Prague. The mment I gt ff the plane, I ran like crazy thrugh the airprt building and jumped int the first taxi n the rank withut a secnd thught.
That was when I met Gunter. I tld him where I was ging, but he said he hadn't heard f the bus statin. I thught my prnunciatin was the prblem, s I explained again mre slwly, but he still lked cnfused. When I was abut t give up, Gunter fished ut his little phne and rang up a friend. After a heated discussin that lasted fr what seemed like a century, Gunter put his phne dwn and started the car.
Finally, with just tw minutes t spare we rlled int the bus statin. Thankfully, there was a lng queue (队列) still waiting t bard the bus. Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, turned arund, and lked at me with a big smile n his face. "We made it," he said.
Just then I realised that I had zer cash in my wallet. I flashed him an aplgetic smile as I pulled ut my Prtuguese bankcard. He tried it several times, but the card machine just did nt play alng. A feeling f helplessness washed ver me as I saw the bus queue thinning ut.
At this mment, Gunter pinted twards the waiting hall f the bus statin. There, at the entrance, was a cash machine. I jumped ut f the car, made a mad run fr the machine, and ppped my card in, nly t read the message: "Out f rder. Srry."
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
I ran back t Gunter and tld him the bad news.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fur days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as prmised.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
Para 1
I ran back t Gunter and tld him the bad news. He lked at me in disbelief, asking me what t d. Flashing him anther aplgetic smile, I begged him fr a delayed payment. “If I miss this last bus t Prague, I’ll be late fr the cnference which is s imprtant that I can’t affrd t miss it!” I explained. “May I have yur phne number? I will call yu and return the mney I we yu. I prmise I will keep my wrd r yu keep my watch!” I added, handing him my watch as well as my business card. Gunter accepted my business card but rejected my watch. He wrte dwn his phne number and gave it t me. “Just keep yur prmise, Sir.” A feeling f gratitude washed ver me as I heard his wrds. Giving him a firm handshake, I jumped ut f the car, made a mad run fr the bus, and jumped nt it just befre its departure.I ran back t Gunter and tld him the bad news. He lked at me in disbelief, asking me what t d. Flashing him anther aplgetic smile, I begged him fr a delayed payment. “If I miss this last bus t Prague, I’ll be late fr the cnference which is s imprtant that I can’t affrd t miss it!” I explained. “May I have yur phne number? I will call yu and return the mney I we yu. I prmise I will keep my wrd r yu keep my watch!” I added, handing him my watch as well as my business card. Gunter accepted my business card but rejected my watch. He wrte dwn his phne number and gave it t me. “Just keep yur prmise, Sir.” A feeling f gratitude washed ver me as I heard his wrds. Giving him a firm handshake, I jumped ut f the car, made a mad run fr the bus, and jumped nt it just befre its departure.
Para 2
Fur days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as prmised. He picked me up at the bus statin where he had drpped me ff fur days befre. Beaming a warm smile at him, I gave him a big hug the mment I saw him. We chatted happily n the way t the airprt. I tld him that thanks t his genersity and timely help, everything had gne smthly. When he stpped his taxi utside the airprt, I paid him fr the “duble car ride”, back and frth frm the airprt t the bus statin, tgether with a generus tip that he turned dwn. I als gave him an attractive suvenir I had bught at Prague, which he accepted with delight. We became gd friends and kept in tuch with each ther regularly. I felt blessed t have such a warm-hearted friend like Gunter.Fur days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as prmised. He picked me up at the bus statin where he had drpped me ff fur days befre. Beaming a warm smile at him, I gave him a big hug the mment I saw him. We chatted happily n the way t the airprt. I tld him that thanks t his genersity and timely help, everything had gne smthly. When he stpped his taxi utside the airprt, I paid him fr the “duble car ride”, back and frth frm the airprt t the bus statin, tgether with a generus tip that he turned dwn. I als gave him an attractive suvenir I had bught at Prague, which he accepted with delight. We became gd friends and kept in tuch with each ther regularly. I felt blessed t have such a warm-hearted friend like Gunter.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在一次因风暴延误的旅途中，匆忙搭乘出租车前往车站赶最后一班去布拉格的公共汽车。司机冈特不熟悉车站位置，通过电话求助后顺利抵达。到达时作者却发现自己没带现金，尝试用葡萄牙银行卡支付没有成功，而车站的取款机也故障了。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我跑回到冈特那里，告诉他这个坏消息。”可知，第一段可描写作者留下冈特的电话，承诺会还钱给对方，冈特同意，最终作者及时登上了公共汽车。
②由第二段首句内容“四天后，当我回到维也纳时，我按照承诺给冈特打了电话。”可知，第二段可描写作者付费给冈特，并向对方表示感激，两人成为了好朋友。
2.续写线索：作者给出解决办法——承诺还钱——冈特同意——作者登上公共汽车——履行承诺还钱——两人成为朋友
3.词汇激活
行为类
①拒绝：reject/refuse
②给某人拥抱：give sb. a hug/embrace sb.
③记下，写下：write dwn/set dwn
情绪类
①难以置信地：in disbelief/incredibly/unbelievably
②开心地：happily/jyfully
【点睛】【高分句型1】He picked me up at the bus statin where he had drpped me ff fur days befre.（运用了where引导的限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】When he stpped his taxi utside the airprt, I paid him fr the “duble car ride”, back and frth frm the airprt t the bus statin, tgether with a generus tip that he turned dwn.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句，that引导的限制性定语从句）
Time
Meeting Lcatin
Sunday, Jan. 15 10:00 am — 1:00 pm
Battery Alexander Trailhead
Sunday, Jan. 22 10:00 am — 2:30 pm
Stinsn Beach Parking Lt
Sunday, Jan. 29 9:30 am — 2:30 pm
Cyte Ridge Trailhead
姓名________________ 准考证号________________
全卷共12页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
考生注意：
1. 答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在试题卷和答题纸规定的位置上。
2. 答题时，请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求，在答题纸相应的位置上规范作答，在本试题卷上的作答一律无效。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is Kate ding?
A. Barding a flight.B. Arranging a trip.C. Seeing a friend ff.
【答案】C
【解析】
原文】M: Thanks fr the wnderful weekend, Kate.
W: That's kay. Bb and I are glad yu came t see us.
M: Oh, I have t g in. My flight will take ff sn. D cntact me when yu're in Sydney.
W: Sure, we will.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers talking abut?
A. A pp star.B. An ld sng.C. A radi prgram.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Paul, listen t the radi. It's Yu've Stlen My Heart, ne f the sngs played at ur wedding.
M: Yeah, hw beautiful! It's been ppular fr almst tw decades.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the speakers d tday?
A. G t an art shw.B. Meet the man's aunt.C. Eat ut with Mark.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: David, frget abut Mark. His aunt is in twn, s he can't g with us tday.
M: Oh, what a pity! It's the last day f the art shw.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What des the man want t d?
A. Cancel an rder.B. Ask fr a receipt.C. Reschedule a delivery.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hw may I help yu?
M: I bught a desk and asked fr it t be delivered t my huse this Friday.
W: Yes, what’s the prblem?
M: I need t have it delivered this Saturday.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When will the next train t Bedfrd leave?
A. At 9:45.B. At 10:15.C. At 11:00.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Next, please.
M: Oh, hi, I missed my 9 'clck train t Bedfrd. D I have t buy anther ticket?
W: N. The next train leaves at a quarter t ten at Platfrm 11.
M: Thank yu.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What will the weather be like tday?
A. Strmy.B. Sunny.C. Fggy.
7. What is the man ging t d?
A. Plant a tree.B. Mve his car.C. Check the map.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hney, have yu checked tday's weather frecast?
M: Yes, it's cld and wet. There is a warning fr strng winds up t 100 kilmeters per hur.
W: What are we ging t d then?
M: Nthing much. Just stay indrs. There is a risk f falling trees and pwer lines.
W: Right.
M: And the lw temperatures culd bring snw t the frest area.
W: I hpe it's ver quickly.
M: Well, it wn't get better until late Wednesday. Anyway, I have t mve the car away frm the trees.
W: Yeah, yu cannt be t careful.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Why is Kathy in Califrnia nw?
A. She is n vacatin there.B. She has just mved there.C. She is ding business there.
9. What is the relatinship between Tm and Fina?
A. Husband and wife.B. Brther and sister.C. Father and daughter.
10. What des Kathy thank Dave fr?
A. Finding her a new jb.B. Sending her a present.C. Calling n her mther.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hell, Dave. This is Kathy frm Sunny Califrnia.
M: Hi, Kathy. Yu finally called. Hw was the mve? All settled in?
W: Srry, I hadn’t called sner, but it’s been a busy mnth. We’re slwly getting things set up in ur new hme.
M: Yeah, I understand. Hw are Jeff and the children?
W: Jeff is ding well with his new jb. Tm has made many new friends here and has a lt t d. Fina is fine, thugh she misses her grandma. By the way, thank yu fr lking in n my mther frm time t time. I call her every week, but it isn’t the same as seeing her.
M: N prblem. Betty and I are friends nw. Hw is the weather there?
W: It’s nice and warm, and we are able t spend sme time every week n the beach with the children.
M: That’s great.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. Hw did Jack g t schl when he was a child?
A. By bike.B. On ft.C. By bus.
12. What is Jack's attitude tward parents driving their kids t schl?
A. Disapprving.B. Encuraging.C. Understanding.
13. What is the prblem with sme parents accrding t the wman?
A. Overprtecting their children.
B. Pushing their children t hard.
C. Having n time fr their children.
【答案】11. B 12. C 13. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Jack, hw did yu get t schl when yu were in primary schl?
M: I lived clse t my schl, s I walked every day. Why?
W: Well, I remember that when we were kids, we ften walked, rde a bike r caught the bus t schl. Few f us were drpped ff at the schl gate by ur parents.
M: I see what yu mean, these days yu can see traffic jams arund schls that drp ff at pick-up times, but it’s hard t blame the parents. They have gd reasns fr driving their kids t schl, mstly t d with safety and cnvenience.
W: Yu have a pint there, but it culd als mean children are missing ut n much needed exercise and ther life skills. Sme parents are just being ver-prtective with their children learning nthing, but living in fear f everything. Studies have fund that children wh spend mre time utside tend t be healthier, better adjusted and better at dealing with stress.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. Why did Marie pst her kitchen gardening nline at first?
A. T keep recrds f her prgress.
B. T sell hme-grwn vegetables.
C. T mtivate her fellw gardeners.
15. Why des Marie recmmend beginners t grw strawberries?
A. They need n special care.
B. They can be used in cking.
C. They bear a lt f fruit sn.
16. What is difficult fr Marie t grw?
A. Herbs.B. Carrts.C. Pears.
17. What is Marie's advice t thse interested in kitchen gardening?
A. Aim high.B. Keep fcused.C. Stay ptimistic.
【答案】14. A 15. C 16. B 17. C
【解析】
【原文】M: S Aurie, yur kitchen garden lks excellent. What made yu turn t scial media t recrd yur vegetable grwing?
W: Initially, I used the nline platfrm as a diary, smething t lk back n, giving me a sense f achievements and keeping me mtivated and mving frward. As time went by, ther gardeners and like-minded peple began t fllw my prgress, t.
M: I knw yu grw lts f fruit n yur land. Which wuld yu recmmend t beginners as the best t grw?
W: Strawberries wuld be a gd chice. They prduce a lt f fruit in their first seasn.
M: That's cl. Well, d yu have plans t try newr any particular crps next year?
W: Next seasn I will be adding sme pear trees t the fruit area. I will be adding mre herbs which I can use in the kitchen. After a cuple f years f failure, I will try grwing carrts again.
M: What advice wuld yu ffer smene thinkingf ding kitchen gardening?
W: Have a plan f what yu want yur kitchen garden t lk like. Dn't be t discuraged if things dn't g accrding t plan. Learn frm yur mistakes and mve n. There's always next seasn.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. What is "Life f Jhnsn"?
A. A magazine clumn.B. A TV series.C. A histrical nvel.
19. What is Jhnsn famus fr?
A. His acting talent.B. His humrus writing.C. His lng sprts career.
20. When did Jhnsn jin Sprts Times?
A. In 1981.B. In 1983.C. In 1985.
【答案】18. A 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Welcme t Meet the Authr. Well, many readers f Sprts Times turn t the last page f their magazine first in rder t read Jacb Jhnsn's weekly article under the title Life f Jhnsn, the articles alng with his nvels and essay cllectins have earned Jhnsn the reputatin as ne f the funniest humans n the planet. Jhnsn began writing abut sprts as a secnd-year student at the University f Clrad, cvering high schl vlleyball games fr his hmetwn newspaper. After graduating in 1981, he mved n t wrk at the Denver Weekly fr 2 years and the Ls Angeles Pst fr tw mre years befre landing at Sprts Times. He has been vted natinal sprts writer f the year 11 times. S nw let's welcme the funny man with serius tne, Jacb Jhnsn.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
HABITAT RESTORATION TEAM
Help restre and prtect Marin's natural areas frm the Marin Headlands t Blinas Ridge. We'll explre beautiful park sites while cnducting invasive (侵入的) plant remval, winter planting, and seed cllectin. Habitat Restratin Team vlunteers play a vital rle in restring sensitive resurces and prtecting endangered species acrss the ridges and valleys.
GROUPS
Grups f five r mre require special arrangements and must be cnfirmed in advance. Please review the List f Available Prjects and fill ut the Grup Prject Request Frm.
AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING
Vlunteers aged 10 and ver are welcme. Read ur Yuth Plicy Guidelines fr yuth under the age f 15.
Bring yur cmpleted Vlunteer Agreement Frm. Vlunteers under the age f 18 must have the parent/guardian apprval sectin signed.
We'll be wrking rain r shine. Wear clthes that can get dirty. Bring layers fr changing weather and a raincat if necessary.
Bring a persnal water bttle, sunscreen, and lunch.
N experience necessary. Training and tls will be prvided. Fulfills (满足) cmmunity service requirements.
UPCOMING EVENTS
21. What is the aim f the Habitat Restratin Team?
A. T discver mineral resurces.B. T develp new wildlife parks.
C. T prtect the lcal ecsystem.D. T cnduct bilgical research.
22. What is the lwer age limit fr jining the Habitat Restratin Team?
A. 5.B. 10.C. 15.D. 18.
23. What are the vlunteers expected t d?
A. Bring their wn tls.B. Wrk even in bad weather.
C. Wear a team unifrm.D. D at least three prjects.
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了参加保护当地生态系统的栖息地恢复小组的时间地点等相关细节。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Help restre and prtect Marin’s natural areas frm the Marin Headlands t Blinas Ridge. We’ll explre beautiful park sites while cnducting invasive (侵入的) plant remval, winter planting, and seed cllectin. Habitat Restratin Team vlunteers play a vital rle in restring sensitive resurces and prtecting endangered species acrss the ridges and valleys. (帮助恢复和保护从马林海岬到波利纳斯岭的马林海的自然区域。我们将探索美丽的公园场地，同时进行入侵植物清除、冬季种植和种子收集。栖息地恢复小组的志愿者在恢复敏感资源和保护山脊和山谷中的濒危物种方面发挥着至关重要的作用)”可知，栖息地恢复小组的目的是保护当地生态系统。故选C项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Vlunteers aged 10 and ver are welcme. (欢迎10岁及以上的志愿者)”可知，参加栖息地恢复小组的最低年龄限制是10岁。故选B项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“We’ll be wrking rain r shine. (我们将风雨无阻地工作)”可知，身为志愿者，即使天气不好也要工作。故选B项。
B
“I am nt crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shrtly after perfrming acupuncture (针灸) n a rabbit. “I am ahead f my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even sme f his cwrkers ccasinally laugh at his unusual methds. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s ne f a small but grwing number f American veterinarians (兽医) nw practicing “hlistic” medicine-cmbining traditinal Western treatments with acupuncture, chirpractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine.
Farber, a graduate f Clrad State University, started ut as a mre cnventinal veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ag when he suffered frm terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but fund little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he imprved after tw r three treatments. What wrked n a veterinarian seemed likely t wrk n his patients. S, after studying the techniques fr a cuple f years, he began ffering them t pets.
Leigh Tindale’s dg Charlie had a serius heart cnditin. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared t put him t sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dg’s suffering s much that she was able t keep him alive fr an additinal five mnths. And Priscilla Dewing reprts that her hrse, Nappy, “mves mre easily and rides mre cmfrtably” after a chirpractic adjustment.
Farber is certain that the hlistic apprach will grw mre ppular with time, and if the past is any indicatin, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Hlistic Veterinary Medical Assciatin has grwn frm 30 t ver 700. “Smetimes it surprises me that it wrks s well,” he says. “I will d anything t help an animal. That’s my jb.”
24. What d sme f Farber’s cwrkers think f him?
A. He’s dd.B. He’s strict.C. He’s brave.D. He’s rude.
25. Why did Farber decide t try acupuncture n pets?
A. He was trained in it at university.B. He was inspired by anther veterinarian.
C. He benefited frm it as a patient.D. He wanted t save mney fr pet wners.
26. What des paragraph 3 mainly talk abut?
A. Steps f a chirpractic treatment.B. The cmplexity f veterinarians’ wrk.
C. Examples f rare animal diseases.D. The effectiveness f hlistic medicine.
27. Why des the authr mentin the American Hlistic Veterinary Medical Assciatin?
A. T prve Farber’s pint.B. T emphasize its imprtance.
C. T praise veterinarians.D. T advcate animal prtectin.
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述兽医威廉·法伯(William Farber)博士在从针灸中受益后，将综合医疗应用于动物，并取得了初步成效。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even sme f his cwrkers ccasinally laugh at his unusual methds.( 如果他看起来有点自卫，那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑他不寻常的方法。) ”可知，Farber的同事们有时会嘲笑他不寻常的方法，他们认为他很奇怪。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he imprved after tw r three treatments. What wrked n a veterinarian seemed likely t wrk n his patients. S, after studying the techniques fr a cuple f years, he began ffering them t pets.(然后，他尝试了针灸，这是一种古老的中国疗法，并惊讶地发现，经过两三次治疗，他的病情有所好转。对兽医有效的方法似乎对他的病人也有效。因此，在研究了这些技术几年后，他开始把它们提供给宠物。)”可知，Farber作为患者从针灸中受益，这促使他决定尝试在宠物上使用针灸。故选C。
【26题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段内容“Leigh Tindale’s dg Charlie had a serius heart cnditin. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared t put him t sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dg’s suffering s much that she was able t keep him alive fr an additinal five mnths. And Priscilla Dewing reprts that her hrse, Nappy, “mves mre easily and rides mre cmfrtably” after a chirpractic adjustment.(利·廷代尔的狗查理患有严重的心脏病。廷代尔说，查理心脏病发作后，她准备让他进入睡眠状态，但法伯的治疗大大减轻了她的狗的痛苦，她能够让它多活五个月。普里西拉·杜因(Priscilla Dewing)报告说，她的马纳皮(Nappy)经过脊椎按摩调整后，“行动更容易，乘车更舒服”。) ”可知，本段主要讲述了两个例子，一个是Farber通过整体医学方法帮助了患有严重心脏病的狗Charlie，另一个是马Nappy在接受脊椎按摩治疗后移动和骑行更为舒适。这些例子都是为了说明整体医学的有效性。故选D。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容“Farber is certain that the hlistic apprach will grw mre ppular with time, and if the past is any indicatin, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Hlistic Veterinary Medical Assciatin has grwn frm 30 t ver 700. ( 法伯确信，随着时间的推移，综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，如果过去有任何迹象的话，他可能是对的:自1982年以来，美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个。)”可知，法伯认为综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，随后作者列举了美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个的例子，因此推断美国整体兽医协会是为证明法伯的观点。故选A。
C
Is cmprehensin the same whether a persn reads a text nscreen r n paper? And are listening t and viewing cntent as effective as reading the written wrd when cvering the same material? The answers t bth questins are ften “n”. The reasns relate t a variety f factrs, including reduced cncentratin, an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency t multitask while cnsuming digital cntent.
When reading texts f several hundred wrds r mre, learning is generally mre successful when it’s n paper than nscreen. A large amunt f research cnfirms this finding. The benefits f print reading particularly shine thrugh when experimenters mve frm psing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — t nes that require mental abstractin — such as drawing inferences frm a text.
The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related t paper’s physical prperties. With paper, there is a literal laying n f hands, alng with the visual gegraphy f distinct pages. Peple ften link their memry f what they’ve read t hw far int the bk it was r where it was n the page.
But equally imprtant is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have prpsed a thery called “shallwing hypthesis (假说)”. Accrding t this thery, peple apprach digital texts with a mindset suited t scial media, which are ften nt s serius, and devte less mental effrt than when they are reading print.
Audi (音频) and vide can feel mre engaging than text, and s university teachers increasingly turn t these technlgies — say, assigning an nline talk instead f an article by the same persn. Hwever, psychlgists have demnstrated that when adults read news stries, they remember mre f the cntent than if they listen t r view identical pieces.
Digital texts, audi and vide all have educatinal rles, especially when prviding resurces nt available in print. Hwever, fr maximizing learning where mental fcus and reflectin are called fr, educatrs shuldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they cntain identical wrds.
28. What des the underlined phrase “shine thrugh” in paragraph 2 mean?
A Seem unlikely t last.B. Seem hard t explain.
C. Becme ready t use.D. Becme easy t ntice.
29. What des the shallwing hypthesis assume?
A. Readers treat digital texts lightly.B. Digital texts are simpler t understand.
C. Peple select digital texts randmly.D. Digital texts are suitable fr scial media.
30. Why are audi and vide increasingly used by university teachers?
A. They can hld students' attentin.B. They are mre cnvenient t prepare.
C. They help develp advanced skills.D. They are mre infrmative than text.
31. What des the authr imply in the last paragraph?
A. Students shuld apply multiple learning techniques.
B. Teachers shuld prduce their wn teaching material.
C. Print texts cannt be entirely replaced in educatin.
D. Educatin utside the classrm cannt be ignred.
【答案】28. D 29. A 30. A 31. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是议论文。主要讨论了纸质阅读与数字阅读、音频和视频学习方式的差异和效果。
【28题详解】
词句猜测题。根据前文“When reading texts f several hundred wrds r mre, learning is generally mre successful when it’s n paper than nscreen. A large amunt f research cnfirms this finding.(当阅读几百字或更多的文本时，在纸上学习通常比在屏幕上学习更成功。大量的研究证实了这一发现)”可知，在纸上学习更有成效，以及后文“when experimenters mve frm psing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — t nes that require mental abstractin — such as drawing inferences frm a text.(当实验人员从提出简单的任务(如识别阅读文章的主旨)转移到需要思维抽象的任务(如从文本中推断)时)”推知，此处应是表达“当实验者从简单的任务转向需要精神抽象的任务时，纸质阅读的益处就变得显而易见”之意，所以shine thrugh应是“显而易见”之意，和D项意思相近。故选D项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“But equally imprtant is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have prpsed a thery called “shallwing hypthesis (假说)”. Accrding t this thery, peple apprach digital texts with a mindset suited t scial media, which are ften nt s serius, and devte less mental effrt than when they are reading print.(但同样重要的是精神层面。阅读研究人员提出了一个名为“shallwing hypthesis”的理论。根据这一理论，人们以适合社交媒体的心态接触数字文本，这些文本通常不那么严肃，与阅读印刷品时相比，投入的精神努力也更少)”可知，shallwing hypthesis假设读者在阅读数字文本时会持有一种轻松的心态，不会像阅读纸质书籍那样投入太多的心理努力。故选A项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Audi (音频) and vide can feel mre engaging than text, and s university teachers increasingly turn t these technlgies — say, assigning an nline talk instead f an article by the same persn.(音频和视频可能比文本更具吸引力，因此大学教师越来越多地转向这些技术，例如分配在线讲座而不是同一作者的文章)”可知，音频和视频比文本更能吸引学生的注意力，所以大学教师越来越多地使用这些技术。故选A项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Digital texts, audi and vide all have educatinal rles, especially when prviding resurces nt available in print. Hwever, fr maximizing learning where mental fcus and reflectin are called fr, educatrs shuldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they cntain identical wrds.(数字文本、音频和视频都具有教育作用，尤其是在提供印刷品中无法获得的资源时。然而，为了在需要精神集中和反思的情况下最大限度地学习，教育工作者不应假定所有媒体都是相同的，即使它们包含相同的单词)”可知，尽管数字文本、音频和视频在教育中有一定作用，但当需要精神集中和反思以最大化学习时，教育者不应假定所有媒体都是相同的，即使它们包含相同的单词。这表明作者认为纸质文本在教育中的作用仍然不可替代，因此暗示纸质文本在教育中的重要性。故选C项。
D
In the race t dcument the species n Earth befre they g extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have cllected billins f recrds. Tday, mst recrds f bidiversity are ften in the frm f phts, vides, and ther digital recrds. Thugh they are useful fr detecting shifts in the number and variety f species in an area, a new Stanfrd study has fund that this type f recrd is nt perfect.
“With the rise f technlgy it is easy fr peple t make bservatins f different species with the aid f a mbile applicatin,” said Barnabas Daru, wh is lead authr f the study and assistant prfessr f bilgy in the Stanfrd Schl f Humanities and Sciences. “These bservatins nw utnumber the primary data that cmes frm physical specimens (标本), and since we are increasingly using bservatinal data t investigate hw species are respnding t glbal change, I wanted t knw: Are they usable?”
Using a glbal dataset f 1.9 billin recrds f plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested hw well these data represent actual glbal bidiversity patterns.
“We were particularly interested in explring the aspects f sampling that tend t bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihd f a citizen scientist t take a picture f a flwering plant instead f the grass right next t it,” said Daru.
Their study revealed that the large number f bservatin-nly recrds did nt lead t better glbal cverage. Mrever, these data are biased and favr certain regins, time perids, and species. This makes sense because the peple wh get bservatinal bidiversity data n mbile devices are ften citizen scientists recrding their encunters with species in areas nearby. These data are als biased tward certain species with attractive r eye-catching features.
What can we d with the imperfect datasets f bidiversity?
“Quite a lt,” Daru explained. “Bidiversity apps can use ur study results t infrm users f versampled areas and lead them t places — and even species — that are nt well-sampled. T imprve the quality f bservatinal data, bidiversity apps can als encurage users t have an expert cnfirm the identificatin f their upladed image.”
32. What d we knw abut the recrds f species cllected nw?
A. They are becming utdated.B. They are mstly in electrnic frm.
C. They are limited in number.D. They are used fr public exhibitin.
33. What des Daru’s study fcus n?
A. Threatened species.B. Physical specimens.
C. Observatinal data.D. Mbile applicatins.
34. What has led t the biases accrding t the study?
A. Mistakes in data analysis.B. Pr quality f upladed pictures.
C. Imprper way f sampling.D. Unreliable data cllectin devices.
35. What is Daru’s suggestin fr bidiversity apps?
A. Review data frm certain areas.B. Hire experts t check the recrds.
C. Cnfirm the identity f the users.D. Give guidance t citizen scientists.
【答案】32. B 33. C 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了斯坦福大学的一项研究发现，数字生物多样性记录存在偏见，建议应用程序引导公民科学家获取更好的数据。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Tday, mst recrds f bidiversity are ften in the frm f phts, vides, and ther digital recrds. (今天，大多数生物多样性记录通常以照片、视频和其他数字记录的形式出现。)”可知，现在收集的物种记录大多是以电子形式存在的。故选B。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“These bservatins nw utnumber the primary data that cmes frm physical specimens (标本), and since we are increasingly using bservatinal data t investigate hw species are respnding t glbal change, I wanted t knw: Are they usable? (这些观察结果现在超过了来自物理标本的原始数据，而且由于我们越来越多地使用观察数据来研究物种如何应对全球变化，我想知道：它们有用吗?)”和第四段““We were particularly interested in explring the aspects f sampling that tend t bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihd f a citizen scientist t take a picture f a flwering plant instead f the grass right next t it,” said Daru. (Daru说“我们特别感兴趣的是探索取样容易产生数据偏差的方面，比如公民科学家更有可能拍摄开花植物的照片，而不是它旁边的草。”)”可知，Daru的研究聚焦于观察数据，即人们通过移动应用记录的物种观察数据。故选C。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段““We were particularly interested in explring the aspects f sampling that tend t bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihd f a citizen scientist t take a picture f a flwering plant instead f the grass right next t it,” said Daru. (Daru说“我们特别感兴趣的是探索取样容易产生数据偏差的方面，比如公民科学家更有可能拍摄开花植物的照片，而不是它旁边的草。”)”以及第五段“This makes sense because the peple wh get bservatinal bidiversity data n mbile devices are ften citizen scientists recrding their encunters with species in areas nearby.( 这是有道理的，因为在移动设备上获得观察生物多样性数据的人通常是公民科学家，他们记录了他们在附近地区与物种的接触。)”可知，导致数据偏差的原因是采样方式的不当。故选C。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Bidiversity apps can use ur study results t infrm users f versampled areas and lead them t places — and even species — that are nt well-sampled. T imprve the quality f bservatinal data, bidiversity apps can als encurage users t have an expert cnfirm the identificatin f their upladed image. (生物多样性应用程序可以使用我们的研究结果来告知用户样本过多的地区，并将他们引导到样本不足的地方，甚至是物种。为了提高观测数据的质量，生物多样性应用程序还可以鼓励用户让专家确认他们上传的图像的身份。)”可知，Daru 建议生物多样性应用应该给公民科学家提供指导。故选D。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Nt all great writers are great spellers. If yu want t be published, it's vital t submit a perfect, prfessinally presented manuscript (原稿). ____36____ N editr is likely t tlerate a writer wh des nt take the truble t spell wrds crrectly.
I keep tw reference bks clse-by n my desk: dictinary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I dn't trust my laptp's spellchecker. ____37____ Of curse, these days there are plenty f nline dictinaries and thesauruses, but I'm ld-fashined enugh t prefer a hard cver and pages I can leaf thrugh with my fingers. I use the Cncise Oxfrd Dictinary and the Cllins Thesaurus.
____38____ It shuld give yu a precise definitin f each wrd, thus differentiating it frm ther wrds whse meanings are similar, but nt identical. It will als usually shw hw the wrd is prnunced.
In additin, I have an ld tw-vlume cpy f the Shrter Oxfrd Dictinary, picked up a few years ag in a bkshp sale fr just 99 pence. Of curse, with its 2,672 pages, it's nt exactly shrt. It cntains arund 163,000 wrds, plus wrd cmbinatins and idimatic phrases. ____39____ Hwever, if I need t check the rigin f a wrd r t lk up examples f its usage, there's nthing better.
Fr well ver a hundred years the mst influential English dictinary was Samuel Jhnsn's Dictinary f the English Language published in 1755. "T make dictinaries is dull (乏味) wrk," wrte Jhnsn, illustrating ne definitin f "dull". ____40____ A few minutes spent casting yur eye ver a page r tw can be a rewarding experience.
A. I dn't ften use this dictinary.
B. It takes n accunt f the cntext.
C. But I still dn't want t replace them.
D. But a dictinary can be a pleasure t read.
E. Of curse, a dictinary is nt nly fr spelling.
F. That means gd grammar and n spelling mistakes.
G. Dictinaries dn't always give yu enugh infrmatin.
【答案】36. F 37. B 38. E 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者使用英语词典的经验和心得以及从中获得的乐趣。
【36题详解】
上文“If yu want t be published, it’s vital t submit a perfect, prfessinally presented manuscript(如果你想发表，提交一份完美的、专业的手稿是至关重要的)”提到了完美的、专业的手稿的重要性，手稿中不能有语法和拼写错误是专业的手稿的要求之一。F选项“That means gd grammar and n spelling mistakes.(这意味着语法正确，没有拼写错误。)”是对手稿要求的进一步解释说明，符合题意。故选F项。
【37题详解】
上文“I dn’t trust my laptp’s spellchecker.(我不相信我笔记本电脑的拼写检查器。)”提到了作者不相信电脑的拼写检查器;下文“Of curse, these days there are plenty f nline dictinaries and thesauruses, but I’m ld-fashined enugh t prefer a hard cver and pages I can leaf thrugh with my fingers.(当然，现在有很多在线词典和同义词库，但我是一个守旧的人，更喜欢精装的书和能用手指翻阅的书页。)”提到了作者更喜欢实体书和能用手指翻阅的书页，说明电子设备可能不会考虑上下文，所以B选项“It takes n accunt f the cntext.(它不考虑上下文。)”解释了上文的原因，具有承上启下的作用。故选B项。
【38题详解】
下文“It shuld give yu a precise definitin f each wrd, thus differentiating it frm ther wrds whse meanings are similar, but nt identical. It will als usually shw hw the wrd is prnunced.(它应该给出每个单词的精确定义，从而将其与其他含义相似但不相同的单词区分开来。它通常还会显示单词的发音。)”提到了字典的功能，E选项“Of curse, a dictinary is nt nly fr spelling.(当然，字典不仅仅是用来拼写的。)”提到了字典的部分功能，能引起下文内容。故选E项。
【39题详解】
下文“Hwever, if I need t check the rigin f a wrd r t lk up examples f its usage, there’s nthing better.(然而，如果我需要检查一个单词的来源或查找其用法的例子，没有什么比这更好的了。)”提到了字典的使用情况，A选项“I dn’t ften use this dictinary.(我不经常用这本字典。)”是对字典使用频率的说明，与下文构成转折关系。故选A项。
【40题详解】
上文“ “T make dictinaries is dull (乏味) wrk, ” wrte Jhnsn, illustrating ne definitin f ”dull".(约翰逊在解释“dull”的一个定义时写道：“编字典是件无聊的工作(乏味)。”)”提到了编写字典是件乏味的工作，下文“A few minutes spent casting yur eye ver a page r tw can be a rewarding experience.(花几分钟的时间浏览一两页是一种有益的体验。)”提到浏览字典也是一种阅读的乐趣，D选项“But a dictinary can be a pleasure t read.(但是一本字典读起来是一种乐趣。)”是作者对字典的评价，与上文的“乏味”形成对比，与上文构成转折关系。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
I’ve been mtivated — and demtivated — by ther flks’ achievement s all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighbrhd friend ____41____ a marathn race. Feeling mtivated, I started running ____42____, but then tw things happened. First, a girl I met ne day tld me she was ____43____ fr a “super,” referring t a 52.4-mile duble marathn. Then, the next day I went n my lngest run — 15 miles. T be hnest, I ____44____ it! Between the girl making my ____45____ seem small and the pure bredm f jgging, I decided that the nly ____46____ I’d ever run again is if a big dg was running after me!
S I ____47____ cycling. I gt a gd bike and rde a lt. I ____48____ f entering cycle races until I flew t San Dieg t visit my sister. While she was at wrk ne day, I ____49____ her bike and went fr a ride. The ____50____: The rads there went thrugh large valleys where I’d be riding uphill fr miles at a time. I’d never faced such ____51____. That day, I gt ____52____ by abut 100 “lcal” bikers wh were used t such rads. When I gt back hme, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as ____53____.
I’ve ____54____ a lt since then. I’ve cme t accept that whatever ____55____ I set fr myself, they just have t be my wn.
41. A. knewB. heldC. wnD. quit
42. A. regularlyB. silentlyC. prudlyD. recently
43. A. askingB. lkingC. waitingD. training
44. A. madeB. believedC. hatedD. deserved
45. A. advantageB. achievementC. cntributinD. influence
46. A. wayB. riskC. placeD. reasn
47. A. gave upB. went nC. turned tD. dealt with
48. A. heardB. dreamedC. cmplainedD. apprved
49. A. paintedB. brrwedC. bughtD. parked
50. A. prblemB. secretC. principleD. advice
51. A. dangersB. eventsC. ppnentsD. challenges
52. A. passedB. cnvincedC. admiredD. stpped
53. A. reliableB. cnvenientC. familiarD. appealing
54. A. traveledB. maturedC. missedD. wrried
55. A. limitsB. datesC. galsD. tests
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. B 50. A 51. D 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。它详细叙述了作者在不同阶段对不同运动（跑步和骑自行车）的兴趣和经历，并通过这些经历反映了作者的成长和心理变化。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我十几岁的时候，一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。A. knew知道；B. held抓住；C. wn赢得；D. quit退出。根据后文“Feeling mtivated”可知，作者有了动力，所以此处应是一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。故选C项。
【42题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：有了动力，我开始定期跑步，但后来发生了两件事。A. regularly有规律地；B. silently默默地；C. prudly自豪地；D. recently最近。根据前文“Feeling mtivated” 可知，作者有了动力，所以应是定期跑步，符合语境。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，有一天我遇到的一个女孩告诉我，她正在为“超级”马拉松训练，指的是52.4英里的双马拉松。A. asking要求；B. lking看；C. waiting等待；D. training训练。根据后文“referring t a 52.4-mile duble marathn”可知，女孩要跑双马拉松，所以此处应是为之训练，符合语境。故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：说实话，我讨厌它!A. made制作；B. believed相信；C. hated讨厌；D. deserved值得。根据前文“Then, the next day I went n my lngest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“Between the girl making my 5 seem small and the pure bredm f jgging”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles和女孩一比微不足道，所以是讨厌这个成绩。故选C项。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我! A. advantage优势；B. achievement成就；C. cntributin贡献；D. influence影响。根据前文“Then, the next day I went n my lngest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“seem small”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles，而女孩在为52.4 miles做训练，所以应是作者的成就微不足道。故选B项。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我!A. way方式；B. risk风险；C. place地方；D. reasn理由。根据后文“I’d ever run again is if a big dg was running after me!”可知，有一只大狗在追“我”，“我”才会再跑步，这里说的是跑步的原因。故选D项。
【47题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我开始骑自行车。A. gave up放弃；B. went n继续；C. turned t转向；D. dealt with处理。根据前文“I decided that the nly 6 I'd ever run again is if a big dg was running after me!”可知，作者决定放弃跑步，所以此处应是转向骑自行车。故选C项。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我梦想着参加自行车比赛，直到我飞到圣地亚哥去看我妹妹。A. heard听到；B. dreamed梦想；C. cmplained抱怨；D. apprved批准。根据后文“f entering cycle races”结合选项可知，此处应是作者梦想着参加自行车比赛，符合语境。故选B项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天她上班的时候，我借了她的自行车去兜风。A. painted把……描绘成；B. brrwed借；C. bught买；D. parked停(车)。根据前文“I flew t San Dieg t visit my sister”以及后文“went fr a ride”可知，作者去看妹妹，所以要去骑行的话，应是向妹妹借自行车。故选B项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是：那里的道路穿过很大的山谷，我一次要骑上坡好几英里。A. prblem问题；B. secret秘密；C. principle原则；D. advice建议。根据后文“I’d be riding uphill fr miles at a time. I’d never faced such 11 .”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说，是一个问题。故选A项。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有遇到过这样的挑战。A. dangers危险；B. events事件；C. ppnents对手；D. challenges挑战。根据前文“The 10 : The rads there went thrugh large valleys where I’d be riding uphill fr miles at a time.”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说是一个挑战。故选D项。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：。那天，我被大约100个习惯了这种道路的“当地”骑自行车的人超过了。A. passed超过；B. cnvinced说服；C. admired欣赏；D. stpped阻止。根据前文“I’d never faced such 11 .”可知，作者骑上坡好几英里是个挑战，所以是被很多人超过。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我回到家，突然骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。A. reliable可信赖的；B. cnvenient方便的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. appealing吸引人的。根据前文“That day, I gt 12 by abut 100 “lcal” bikers wh were used t such rads.”可知，作者那天骑行被100多人超过，所以此时是觉得骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。故选D项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后我成熟了很多。A. traveled旅行；B. matured (情感和认识)成熟；C. missed思念；D. wrried担心。根据后文“I’ve cme t accept that whatever 15 I set fr myself, they just have t be my wn.”可知，作者不再轻易放弃，所以是成熟了很多。故选B项。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经开始接受这样一个事实：无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的。A. limits限制；B. dates日期；C. gals目标；D. tests测试。根据后文“I set fr myself, they just have t be my wn.”可知，此处应是“无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的”，符合语境。故选C项。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Heatherwick Studi recently built a greenhuse at the edge f the Natinal Trust’s Wlbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshuse, is at the centre f a new garden that shws hw the Silk Rad influences English gardens even in mdern times.
The latest ____56____ (engineer) techniques are applied t create this prtective ____57____ (functin) structure that is als beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made f glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals pen n warm days ____58____ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cld weather, the structure stays ____59____ (clse) t prtect the plants.
Further, the Silk Rute Garden arund the greenhuse ____60____ (walk) visitrs thrugh a jurney influenced by the ancient Silk Rad, by which silk as well as many plant species came t Britain fr ____61____ first time. These plants included mdern Western ____62____ (favurite) such as rsemary, lavender and fennel. The garden als cntains a winding path that guides visitrs thrugh the twelve regins f the Silk Rad. The path ffers ver 300 plant species fr visitrs t see, t.
The Glasshuse stands ____63____ a great achievement in cntemprary design, t huse the plants f the suthwestern part f China at the end f a path retracing (追溯) the steps alng the Silk Rute ____64____ brught the plants frm their native habitat in Asia t cme t define much f the _____65_____ (rich) f gardening in England.
【答案】56. engineering
57. functinal
58. t give
59. clsed 60. walks
61 the 62. favrites
63. as 64. which##that
65. richness
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Heatherwick工作室最近公布的一个新项目——一个位于国家信托基金会伍尔贝丁花园边缘的动态温室，并详细描述了该温室的设计、功能、以及它如何与丝绸之路的历史和丝绸之路花园相结合。
【56题详解】
考查名词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。根据句意可知，空处考查短语engineering techniques，意为“工程技术”，符合句意。故填engineering。
【57题详解】
考查形容词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。空处修饰名词structure，应用形容词作定语functinal，符合题意。故填functinal。
【58题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：温室在温暖日子里开放，利用液压系统为内部植物提供阳光和通风。use sth. t d sth.为固定搭配，表示“使用某物去做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式作宾语补足语。故填t give。
【59题详解】
考查形容词。句意：然后在寒冷的天气里，这个结构保持关闭，以保护亚热带植物。空处用于stays之后作表语，应用形容词clsed，表示“紧闭的”，符合题意。故填clsed。
【60题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。walk sb. thrugh，意为“带领某人穿过……”，空处为本句谓语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语the Silk Rute Garden为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。
【61题详解】
考查冠词。句意：亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路线第一次为英国带来了丝绸、香料和许多植物。固定搭配：fr the first time，意为“第一次”，符合句意。故填the。
【62题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：这些植物包括现代西方最受喜爱的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。favrite是可数名词，意为“特别受喜爱的东西”，根据空后such as rsemary, lavender and fennel可知，空处应用名词的复数形式。故填favrites。
【63题详解】
考查介词。句意：Mark Wdruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”根据句意可知，空处指的是“作为”，应用介词as。故填as。
【64题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：Mark Wdruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词design，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。
【65题详解】
考查名词。句意：Mark Wdruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处与glry并列，应用名词形式richness，作介词f的宾语。故填richness。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
66. 假定你是李华，上周五你们班在公园上了一堂美术课。请你给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：
（1）你完成的作品；
（2）你的感想。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
I’m writing t share with yu an art class I had in a park last Friday.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Chris,
I’m writing t share with yu an art class I had in a park last Friday.
We were tasked t draw r paint smething that impressed us mst. Inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided t create a waterclr painting f the small bridge ver the park’s pnd, surrunded by blming flwers.
The entire experience was incredibly refreshing. Being surrunded by nature nt nly sparked my creativity but als ffered a much-needed break frm the usual hustle and bustle f schl life. I felt a deep sense f peace as I painted.
In a wrd, It was nt just an art class; it was a mment f cnnectin with nature that I truly cherished.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇是应用文写作。要求考生给Chris写一封信, 分享在公园上美术课的经历。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
决定：decide→determine
整个的：entire→whle
提供：ffer→prvide
总之：in a wrd→in shrt
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided t create a waterclr painting f the small bridge ver the park’s pnd, surrunded by blming flwers.
拓展句：Because I was inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided t create a waterclr painting f the small bridge ver the park’s pnd, which was surrunded by blming flwers.
【点睛】[高分句型1]We were tasked t draw r paint smething that impressed us mst. (that引导的定语从句)
[高分句型2] I felt a deep sense f peace as I painted.(as引导的时间状语从句)
第二节 （满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I met Gunter n a cld, wet and unfrgettable evening in September. I had planned t fly t Vienna and take a bus t Prague fr a cnference. Due t a big strm, my flight had been delayed by an hur and a half. I tuched dwn in Vienna just 30 minutes befre the departure f the last bus t Prague. The mment I gt ff the plane, I ran like crazy thrugh the airprt building and jumped int the first taxi n the rank withut a secnd thught.
That was when I met Gunter. I tld him where I was ging, but he said he hadn't heard f the bus statin. I thught my prnunciatin was the prblem, s I explained again mre slwly, but he still lked cnfused. When I was abut t give up, Gunter fished ut his little phne and rang up a friend. After a heated discussin that lasted fr what seemed like a century, Gunter put his phne dwn and started the car.
Finally, with just tw minutes t spare we rlled int the bus statin. Thankfully, there was a lng queue (队列) still waiting t bard the bus. Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, turned arund, and lked at me with a big smile n his face. "We made it," he said.
Just then I realised that I had zer cash in my wallet. I flashed him an aplgetic smile as I pulled ut my Prtuguese bankcard. He tried it several times, but the card machine just did nt play alng. A feeling f helplessness washed ver me as I saw the bus queue thinning ut.
At this mment, Gunter pinted twards the waiting hall f the bus statin. There, at the entrance, was a cash machine. I jumped ut f the car, made a mad run fr the machine, and ppped my card in, nly t read the message: "Out f rder. Srry."
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
I ran back t Gunter and tld him the bad news.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fur days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as prmised.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
Para 1
I ran back t Gunter and tld him the bad news. He lked at me in disbelief, asking me what t d. Flashing him anther aplgetic smile, I begged him fr a delayed payment. “If I miss this last bus t Prague, I’ll be late fr the cnference which is s imprtant that I can’t affrd t miss it!” I explained. “May I have yur phne number? I will call yu and return the mney I we yu. I prmise I will keep my wrd r yu keep my watch!” I added, handing him my watch as well as my business card. Gunter accepted my business card but rejected my watch. He wrte dwn his phne number and gave it t me. “Just keep yur prmise, Sir.” A feeling f gratitude washed ver me as I heard his wrds. Giving him a firm handshake, I jumped ut f the car, made a mad run fr the bus, and jumped nt it just befre its departure.I ran back t Gunter and tld him the bad news. He lked at me in disbelief, asking me what t d. Flashing him anther aplgetic smile, I begged him fr a delayed payment. “If I miss this last bus t Prague, I’ll be late fr the cnference which is s imprtant that I can’t affrd t miss it!” I explained. “May I have yur phne number? I will call yu and return the mney I we yu. I prmise I will keep my wrd r yu keep my watch!” I added, handing him my watch as well as my business card. Gunter accepted my business card but rejected my watch. He wrte dwn his phne number and gave it t me. “Just keep yur prmise, Sir.” A feeling f gratitude washed ver me as I heard his wrds. Giving him a firm handshake, I jumped ut f the car, made a mad run fr the bus, and jumped nt it just befre its departure.
Para 2
Fur days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as prmised. He picked me up at the bus statin where he had drpped me ff fur days befre. Beaming a warm smile at him, I gave him a big hug the mment I saw him. We chatted happily n the way t the airprt. I tld him that thanks t his genersity and timely help, everything had gne smthly. When he stpped his taxi utside the airprt, I paid him fr the “duble car ride”, back and frth frm the airprt t the bus statin, tgether with a generus tip that he turned dwn. I als gave him an attractive suvenir I had bught at Prague, which he accepted with delight. We became gd friends and kept in tuch with each ther regularly. I felt blessed t have such a warm-hearted friend like Gunter.Fur days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as prmised. He picked me up at the bus statin where he had drpped me ff fur days befre. Beaming a warm smile at him, I gave him a big hug the mment I saw him. We chatted happily n the way t the airprt. I tld him that thanks t his genersity and timely help, everything had gne smthly. When he stpped his taxi utside the airprt, I paid him fr the “duble car ride”, back and frth frm the airprt t the bus statin, tgether with a generus tip that he turned dwn. I als gave him an attractive suvenir I had bught at Prague, which he accepted with delight. We became gd friends and kept in tuch with each ther regularly. I felt blessed t have such a warm-hearted friend like Gunter.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在一次因风暴延误的旅途中，匆忙搭乘出租车前往车站赶最后一班去布拉格的公共汽车。司机冈特不熟悉车站位置，通过电话求助后顺利抵达。到达时作者却发现自己没带现金，尝试用葡萄牙银行卡支付没有成功，而车站的取款机也故障了。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我跑回到冈特那里，告诉他这个坏消息。”可知，第一段可描写作者留下冈特的电话，承诺会还钱给对方，冈特同意，最终作者及时登上了公共汽车。
②由第二段首句内容“四天后，当我回到维也纳时，我按照承诺给冈特打了电话。”可知，第二段可描写作者付费给冈特，并向对方表示感激，两人成为了好朋友。
2.续写线索：作者给出解决办法——承诺还钱——冈特同意——作者登上公共汽车——履行承诺还钱——两人成为朋友
3.词汇激活
行为类
①拒绝：reject/refuse
②给某人拥抱：give sb. a hug/embrace sb.
③记下，写下：write dwn/set dwn
情绪类
①难以置信地：in disbelief/incredibly/unbelievably
②开心地：happily/jyfully
【点睛】【高分句型1】He picked me up at the bus statin where he had drpped me ff fur days befre.（运用了where引导的限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】When he stpped his taxi utside the airprt, I paid him fr the “duble car ride”, back and frth frm the airprt t the bus statin, tgether with a generus tip that he turned dwn.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句，that引导的限制性定语从句）
Time
Meeting Lcatin
Sunday, Jan. 15 10:00 am — 1:00 pm
Battery Alexander Trailhead
Sunday, Jan. 22 10:00 am — 2:30 pm
Stinsn Beach Parking Lt
Sunday, Jan. 29 9:30 am — 2:30 pm
Cyte Ridge Trailhead
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