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初中英语语法精讲+精练-宾语从句
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这是一份初中英语语法精讲+精练-宾语从句，共5页。试卷主要包含了宾语从句的结构，宾语从句的时态，注意事项等内容，欢迎下载使用。
主语+谓语+if/ whether/ that/ 特殊疑问词+主语+谓语。如：
一）that引导的宾语从句：
1.He thinks that she is a gd girl.
他认为她是一个好女孩儿。
2.I’m afraid that I have made a mistake.
我恐怕我犯了一个错误。
3.The reasn fr his absence was that he was ill.
他缺席的原因是他病了。
4.He said that he knew yu.
他说他知道你。
5.He thinks that he’s the cleverest in his class.
他认为他是班上最聪明的。
6.She said in her letter that she wuld cme next mnth.
她在信中说，她将会下个月来。
7. He thught that he was strng and that nly he culd help them.
他认为他是强壮的，并且认为只有他能帮助他们。
8.Lily said that she was at hme at that time.
莉莉说那个时候她正在家里。
二）if/ whether引导的宾语从句：当后边没有r nt时，能用if或whether；当后边有r nt时，只能用whether。
9.Culd yu tell me if/ whether yur brther is a league member?
你能告诉我你的哥哥是否是一个共青团员？
10.I dn’t knw if/ whether they’re talking abut me.
我不知道他们是否正在谈论我。
11.Can yu tell me whether the ld man is alive r nt?
你能告诉我那个老人是否还活着？
12.He asked me if/ whether I culd help him pick apples next week.
他问我，我是否能够在下周帮他摘苹果。
三）特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句：
13.He desn’t knw where the pst ffice is.
他不知道邮局在哪儿。
14.He tld me what I shuld read.
他告诉我应该读什么。
15.This is why we put ff the meeting.
这就是为什么我推迟开会的原因。
16.I asked him what he wanted.
我问他想要什么。
17.Can yu guess wh is yur father talking with nw?
你能猜出来你父亲现在正在和谁谈话吗？
18.He asked me hw they wuld finish the wrk.
他问我他们将怎样完成工作。
19.D yu knw when they began t teach her English?
你知道他们什么时候开始教她英语吗？
20.They knw which hspital she wrks in.
他们知道她在哪个医院工作。
三、宾语从句的时态：
宾语从句的时态要和主句的时态保持一致。
一）当主句是现在时态时，从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。如：
1. Culd yu tell me where yu bught the ty bear?
你能告诉我了你在什么地方买的这个玩具熊吗？
2. I wnder when we will have a meeting.
我不知道我们将什么时候开会。
二）当主句是过去时态时，从句用相应的过去时态。如：
1. I called my friends t see Whether they wuld like t g.
我给我的朋友打电话，让他们看看他们将是否愿意来。
（主句的时态是过去时，从句里的will改成了wuld。）
2.I asked him what he wanted.
我问他他想要什么。
（主句的时态是过去时态，从句里的一般现在时态改成了一般过去时态。）
四、注意事项：
1. 看语序。要确定宾语从句的语序是主语+谓语。
2. 时态。要注意主语的时态。
3. 特殊疑问词在宾语从句中做主语时要注意语序是：特殊疑问词+谓语。如：
Culd yu tell me what’s wrng with yu?
Culd yu tell me what’s the matter with yu?
Culd yu tell me what’s the truble with yu?
你能告诉我你怎么了吗？
She didn't knw what happened t yu?
她不知道你发生了什么事。
4.宾语从句中的意思表示客观真理时，一律用一般现在时态。如：
Our teacher said the earth runs arund the sun.
我们老师说地球围着太阳转。
5.注意主句是culd, wuld等表示委婉请求的主句，其实是一般现在时态，其后的宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。如：
1）Culd/Wuld yu please tell me where they’re playing cards?
请你告诉我他们正在什么地方玩牌好吗？
2）Culd yu find ut why he’s always late fr schl?
你能发现他为什么总是上学迟到吗？
四、 做题时的思路：先看语序，再看时态，再看意思。
中考真题
1. （2022年黑龙江省哈尔滨市）—Culd yu tell me ________ n weekdays?
—I usually g t schl n ft but smetimes by bike.
A. why d yu g t schl
B. when yu went t schl
C. hw yu g t schl
2. （2022年北京市） —D yu knw _________the new natinal park?
—Yes, I d. T prtect wildlife and benefit the lcal peple
A. why did China set up
B. why China set up
C. when did China set up
D. when China set up
3．（2022年天津市）—Culd yu tell me ________?—It’s abut 6,300 kilmetres lng.
A. hw wide is the Changjiang River
B. hw wide the Changjiang River is
C. hw lng is the Changjiang River
D. hw lng the Changjiang River is
4. （2022年海南省） —Have yu decided ________ the children in the pr area?
—By sending them bks and schlbags.
A. hw yu will help
B. hw will yu help
C. when yu will help
5. （2022年吉林省）—Kate, d yu knw______?
—In the schl hall.
A. when we’ll have the English party
B. why we’ll have the English party
C. where we’ll have the English party
6．（2022年云南省）—Yur stamps are s fantastic. Culd yu please tell me______？
—Oh,I bught them in the pst ffice next t the bank.
A. why did yu buy them
B. where did yu buy them
B. why yu bught them
D. where yu bught them
7. （2022年重庆市A卷）-Can yu tell me ______?
-Yes. In the language center.
A. where will the speech cmpetitin be held
B. where the speech cmpetitin will be held
C. when will the speech cmpetitin be held
D. when the speech cmpetitin will be held
8. （2022年重庆市B卷）—Excuse me, d yu knw ________?
—Yes. Next Friday.
A．when will the vlunteers cme back
B．when the vlunteers will cme back
C．hw will the vlunteers cme back
D．hw the vlunteers will cme back
9. （2022年辽宁省沈阳市）—Hi, Tm. Culd yu tell me ________?
—I’ll g there next Sunday.
A. hw yu will g t Beiling Park
B. when yu will g t Beiling Park
C. hw will yu g t Beiling Park
D. when will yu g t Beiling Park
10. （2022年江苏省扬州市）—Excuse me, culd yu tell me ________?
—Yu can take N. 6 bus there. It’s abut 15 minutes’ ride.
A. hw far is the Slender West Lake
B. hw far the Slender West Lake is
C. hw can I get t the Slender West Lake
11. （2022年江苏省宿迁市）--Jenny,d yu knw ________ ?
--Er,next Tuesday.
A.when the sprts meeting will take place
B.when will the sprts meeting take place
C.where the sprts meeting will take place
D.where will the sprts meeting take place
12. （2022年江苏省无锡市）—There will be a rbt n shw in ur schl next week.
—Really? I wnder ________.
A. what it likes
B. what it is like
C. what des it like
D. what is it like
13. （2022年山东省济南市） — Excuse me. I am new here. Can yu tell me ________?
— Sure. G straight and yu will see it n yur left.
A. where is the nearest cinema
B. where was the nearest cinema
C. where the nearest cinema is
D. where the nearest cinema was
14. （2022年湖北省武汉市） —Can yu tell me __________?
—T get practical skills.
A. what d yu learn abut safety
B. when d yu have the art festival
C. hw yu balance yur studies and hbbies
D. why yu learn cking at schl
15. （2022年湖北省十堰市） —Culd yu please tell me ________ ?
—Next Sunday.
A. when I can get back my ntebk
B. when can I get back my ntebk
C. hw lng I can get back my ntebk
D. hw lng can I get back my ntebk
16. （2022年湖南省怀化市）—D yu knw _______?
—She is a teacher.
A. What is Linda’s jb
B. What Linda’s jb is
C. What was Linda’s jb
17. ---Culd yu tell me ___ ?
--- “Rme was nt built in a day.” Yu shuld try t give it enugh chances t becme strng.
A. why I shuld d t have a gd memry
B. what I can d t have a gd memry
C. hw can I have a gd memry
18. —D yu knw ____ the meeting?
—Tmrrw mrning.
A. when they had
B. when they are ging t have
C. when did they have
D. when are they ging t have
19.—Culd yu tell me ___ yuanxia in China?
—Usually at the Lantern Festival.
A. when d peple eat
B. hw d peple eat
C. when peple eat
D. hw peple eat
20.—D yu knw ____?
—This afternn.
A.when will the pliceman give us a talk
B.where will the pliceman give us a talk
C.when the pliceman will give us a talk
D.where the pliceman will give us a talk
参考答案
1-5 CBDAC 6-10 DBBBB 11-15 ABCDA 16-20 BBBBC
主语+谓语+if/ whether/ that/ 特殊疑问词+主语+谓语。如：
一）that引导的宾语从句：
1.He thinks that she is a gd girl.
他认为她是一个好女孩儿。
2.I’m afraid that I have made a mistake.
我恐怕我犯了一个错误。
3.The reasn fr his absence was that he was ill.
他缺席的原因是他病了。
4.He said that he knew yu.
他说他知道你。
5.He thinks that he’s the cleverest in his class.
他认为他是班上最聪明的。
6.She said in her letter that she wuld cme next mnth.
她在信中说，她将会下个月来。
7. He thught that he was strng and that nly he culd help them.
他认为他是强壮的，并且认为只有他能帮助他们。
8.Lily said that she was at hme at that time.
莉莉说那个时候她正在家里。
二）if/ whether引导的宾语从句：当后边没有r nt时，能用if或whether；当后边有r nt时，只能用whether。
9.Culd yu tell me if/ whether yur brther is a league member?
你能告诉我你的哥哥是否是一个共青团员？
10.I dn’t knw if/ whether they’re talking abut me.
我不知道他们是否正在谈论我。
11.Can yu tell me whether the ld man is alive r nt?
你能告诉我那个老人是否还活着？
12.He asked me if/ whether I culd help him pick apples next week.
他问我，我是否能够在下周帮他摘苹果。
三）特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句：
13.He desn’t knw where the pst ffice is.
他不知道邮局在哪儿。
14.He tld me what I shuld read.
他告诉我应该读什么。
15.This is why we put ff the meeting.
这就是为什么我推迟开会的原因。
16.I asked him what he wanted.
我问他想要什么。
17.Can yu guess wh is yur father talking with nw?
你能猜出来你父亲现在正在和谁谈话吗？
18.He asked me hw they wuld finish the wrk.
他问我他们将怎样完成工作。
19.D yu knw when they began t teach her English?
你知道他们什么时候开始教她英语吗？
20.They knw which hspital she wrks in.
他们知道她在哪个医院工作。
三、宾语从句的时态：
宾语从句的时态要和主句的时态保持一致。
一）当主句是现在时态时，从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。如：
1. Culd yu tell me where yu bught the ty bear?
你能告诉我了你在什么地方买的这个玩具熊吗？
2. I wnder when we will have a meeting.
我不知道我们将什么时候开会。
二）当主句是过去时态时，从句用相应的过去时态。如：
1. I called my friends t see Whether they wuld like t g.
我给我的朋友打电话，让他们看看他们将是否愿意来。
（主句的时态是过去时，从句里的will改成了wuld。）
2.I asked him what he wanted.
我问他他想要什么。
（主句的时态是过去时态，从句里的一般现在时态改成了一般过去时态。）
四、注意事项：
1. 看语序。要确定宾语从句的语序是主语+谓语。
2. 时态。要注意主语的时态。
3. 特殊疑问词在宾语从句中做主语时要注意语序是：特殊疑问词+谓语。如：
Culd yu tell me what’s wrng with yu?
Culd yu tell me what’s the matter with yu?
Culd yu tell me what’s the truble with yu?
你能告诉我你怎么了吗？
She didn't knw what happened t yu?
她不知道你发生了什么事。
4.宾语从句中的意思表示客观真理时，一律用一般现在时态。如：
Our teacher said the earth runs arund the sun.
我们老师说地球围着太阳转。
5.注意主句是culd, wuld等表示委婉请求的主句，其实是一般现在时态，其后的宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。如：
1）Culd/Wuld yu please tell me where they’re playing cards?
请你告诉我他们正在什么地方玩牌好吗？
2）Culd yu find ut why he’s always late fr schl?
你能发现他为什么总是上学迟到吗？
四、 做题时的思路：先看语序，再看时态，再看意思。
中考真题
1. （2022年黑龙江省哈尔滨市）—Culd yu tell me ________ n weekdays?
—I usually g t schl n ft but smetimes by bike.
A. why d yu g t schl
B. when yu went t schl
C. hw yu g t schl
2. （2022年北京市） —D yu knw _________the new natinal park?
—Yes, I d. T prtect wildlife and benefit the lcal peple
A. why did China set up
B. why China set up
C. when did China set up
D. when China set up
3．（2022年天津市）—Culd yu tell me ________?—It’s abut 6,300 kilmetres lng.
A. hw wide is the Changjiang River
B. hw wide the Changjiang River is
C. hw lng is the Changjiang River
D. hw lng the Changjiang River is
4. （2022年海南省） —Have yu decided ________ the children in the pr area?
—By sending them bks and schlbags.
A. hw yu will help
B. hw will yu help
C. when yu will help
5. （2022年吉林省）—Kate, d yu knw______?
—In the schl hall.
A. when we’ll have the English party
B. why we’ll have the English party
C. where we’ll have the English party
6．（2022年云南省）—Yur stamps are s fantastic. Culd yu please tell me______？
—Oh,I bught them in the pst ffice next t the bank.
A. why did yu buy them
B. where did yu buy them
B. why yu bught them
D. where yu bught them
7. （2022年重庆市A卷）-Can yu tell me ______?
-Yes. In the language center.
A. where will the speech cmpetitin be held
B. where the speech cmpetitin will be held
C. when will the speech cmpetitin be held
D. when the speech cmpetitin will be held
8. （2022年重庆市B卷）—Excuse me, d yu knw ________?
—Yes. Next Friday.
A．when will the vlunteers cme back
B．when the vlunteers will cme back
C．hw will the vlunteers cme back
D．hw the vlunteers will cme back
9. （2022年辽宁省沈阳市）—Hi, Tm. Culd yu tell me ________?
—I’ll g there next Sunday.
A. hw yu will g t Beiling Park
B. when yu will g t Beiling Park
C. hw will yu g t Beiling Park
D. when will yu g t Beiling Park
10. （2022年江苏省扬州市）—Excuse me, culd yu tell me ________?
—Yu can take N. 6 bus there. It’s abut 15 minutes’ ride.
A. hw far is the Slender West Lake
B. hw far the Slender West Lake is
C. hw can I get t the Slender West Lake
11. （2022年江苏省宿迁市）--Jenny,d yu knw ________ ?
--Er,next Tuesday.
A.when the sprts meeting will take place
B.when will the sprts meeting take place
C.where the sprts meeting will take place
D.where will the sprts meeting take place
12. （2022年江苏省无锡市）—There will be a rbt n shw in ur schl next week.
—Really? I wnder ________.
A. what it likes
B. what it is like
C. what des it like
D. what is it like
13. （2022年山东省济南市） — Excuse me. I am new here. Can yu tell me ________?
— Sure. G straight and yu will see it n yur left.
A. where is the nearest cinema
B. where was the nearest cinema
C. where the nearest cinema is
D. where the nearest cinema was
14. （2022年湖北省武汉市） —Can yu tell me __________?
—T get practical skills.
A. what d yu learn abut safety
B. when d yu have the art festival
C. hw yu balance yur studies and hbbies
D. why yu learn cking at schl
15. （2022年湖北省十堰市） —Culd yu please tell me ________ ?
—Next Sunday.
A. when I can get back my ntebk
B. when can I get back my ntebk
C. hw lng I can get back my ntebk
D. hw lng can I get back my ntebk
16. （2022年湖南省怀化市）—D yu knw _______?
—She is a teacher.
A. What is Linda’s jb
B. What Linda’s jb is
C. What was Linda’s jb
17. ---Culd yu tell me ___ ?
--- “Rme was nt built in a day.” Yu shuld try t give it enugh chances t becme strng.
A. why I shuld d t have a gd memry
B. what I can d t have a gd memry
C. hw can I have a gd memry
18. —D yu knw ____ the meeting?
—Tmrrw mrning.
A. when they had
B. when they are ging t have
C. when did they have
D. when are they ging t have
19.—Culd yu tell me ___ yuanxia in China?
—Usually at the Lantern Festival.
A. when d peple eat
B. hw d peple eat
C. when peple eat
D. hw peple eat
20.—D yu knw ____?
—This afternn.
A.when will the pliceman give us a talk
B.where will the pliceman give us a talk
C.when the pliceman will give us a talk
D.where the pliceman will give us a talk
参考答案
1-5 CBDAC 6-10 DBBBB 11-15 ABCDA 16-20 BBBBC
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