英语：湖南省张家界市2022-2023学年高一下学期期末试题（解析版）

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第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Essex Library Services Reading Friends
What is the rle abut?
Reading Friends is an exciting UK-wide prgramme frm The Reading Agency. It’s been pilted in sme ther parts f the cuntry ver the last few years and nw is being extended t Essex.
Develped with funding frm the Natinal Lttery Cmmunity Fund, Reading Friends deals with lneliness by bringing peple tgether t read, chat and share stries. Essex Library Services is lking fr vlunteers t supprt the rll- ut f the Reading Friends prgramme acrss Essex.
What will it invlve?
*Chatting t peple, either ne t ne, r in grups, using reading t get peple talking. Cntact will be via phne r cmputer initially. After restrictins are lifted, it is planned t d in-persn sessins (活动时间) in libraries.
*Using reading — whether bks, magazines, newspapers, r anything else — t start cnversatins. Nthing needs t be read befre the sessin.
What skills and experience d yu need?
*An interest in peple
*Gd cmmunicatin and peple skills
*Lve f bks and reading is nt necessary, but wuld be a bnus
What will yu get frm vlunteering?
*The satisfactin f cntributing t the cmmunity and ptentially preventing lneliness
*The chance t share the jy f reading
*Develp yur experience and skills t enhance yur resume (简历)
*A certificate f appreciatin fr cming alng and helping ut, which lks great n a resume
1. Wh des the Reading Friends prgramme aim t help?
A. Peple feeling lnely.
B. Peple wanting t change a jb.
C. Peple wanting t publish their stries.
D. Peple having special educatinal needs.
2. What is a requirement fr ptential vlunteers?
A. Having previus wrk experience.B. Reading related bks in advance.
C. Living in restrictins-lifted areas.D. Being cmmunicative.
3. What will the vlunteers get frm their vlunteering?
A. A trip t Essex.B. A certificate f appreciatin.
C. A fund frm the gvernment.D. An pprtunity t wrk in libraries.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍的是Essex Library Services的一项阅读计划项目Reading Friends的相关信息。
【1题详解】细节理解题。根据What is the rle abut?部分中的“Develped with funding frm the Natinal Lttery Cmmunity Fund, Reading Friends deals with lneliness by bringing peple tgether t read, chat and share stries.(在国家彩票社区基金的资助下，阅读朋友通过将人们聚集在一起阅读，聊天和分享故事来解决孤独感)”可知，该项目通过阅读把人们聚在一起，来解决孤独问题。故选A项。
【2题详解】细节理解题。根据What skills and experience d yu need?部分中的“Gd cmmunicatin and peple skills(在国家彩票社区基金的资助下，阅读朋友通过将人们聚集在一起阅读，聊天和分享故事来解决孤独感)”可知，做志愿者需要沟通和交际能力，所以志愿者擅长交流。故选D项。
【3题详解】细节理解题。根据What will yu get frm vlunteering?部分中的“A certificate f appreciatin fr cming alng and helping ut, which lks great n a resume(感谢自己来帮忙的感谢证书，在简历上看起来很棒)”可知，从事志愿者工作的人们由于帮助别人而发一个感谢状。故选B项。
B
On August 15th, in the tiny farming twn f Frst, Minnesta, Sctt Legried was driving his pick-up truck when a puppy ran in frnt f him. Changing the directin suddenly t avid the puppy, Sctt’s truck rlled ver and he was severely injured.
“I gt kncked ut and when I finally recvered cnsciusness, I culdn’t mve,” Sctt said. “I culdn’t even reach up t get my cellphne frm the dashbard f my truck. I remember saying, ‘I’ mging t need sme help here in the next 5 r 10 minutes.’”
And that help came. A strange driver Tim Steer called 911. He was rushed t the clsest hspital, and then airlifted t the May Clinic, where he stayed fr the next several weeks. Tim visited Sctt in the hspital several times and tk him ut fr a drive after his shulder surgery in August.
The Octber harvest was nly six weeks away, and Sctt had 600 acres f sybeans (大豆) and crn t harvest. Nt harvesting them in time culd destry his crps, his sle means f incme. Wh wuld maintain and harvest his crn and sybean crps? And because Sctt lives alne, wh wuld care fr his dgs, and maintain his hme and yard? This twn f 198peple did. While vlunteers checked his hme, mwed his lawn, and fed his dgs, 18 farmers cnducted the harvest. Farmers in Frst, Minnesta, gathered t harvest Sctt’s sybean crps n Octber 4th.
Sctt plans t plant his new crps next spring. If he needs help, he knws where t findit. “Frst really is the heartland f America,” he said. “One day, I hpe I’m able t pay the favr back.”
4. Why did Sctt have an accident?
A. He felt a sudden pain.B. He didn’t want t hurt a dg.
C. He was hurrying t meet Tim.D. He was nt familiar with his car.
5. What d we knw abut Sctt?
A. He is a farmer.
B. He has knwn Tim fr many years.
C. He recvered fully befre the harvest time.
D. He kept cnscius after the accident happened.
6. Hw was Sctt helped by peple in his twn?
A. They gathered sybean crps fr him.
B. They ften visited him in the hspital.
C. They prvided fd and clthes fr him.
D. They ffered him sybean seeds fr free.
7. What will Sctt d in the future accrding t the last paragraph?
A. Drive mre carefully.B. Help ther farmers in need.
C. Plant n sybean crps at all.D. Spend mre time with his neighbrs.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. A 7. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了农民Sctt Legried出事故住院了，镇上的人们自发为他收割大豆来帮助他，Sctt希望自己将来可以报答这些人。
【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“On August 15th, in the tiny farming twn f Frst, Minnesta, Sctt Legried was driving his pick-up truck when a puppy ran in frnt f him. Changing the directin suddenly t avid the puppy, Sctt’s truck rlled ver and he was severely injured.(8月15日，在明尼苏达州弗罗斯特的一个农业小镇上，斯科特·莱格里德开着他的小货车，突然一只小狗跑到了他的前面。突然改变方向以避开小狗，斯科特的卡车翻了，他受了重伤)”可知，斯科特会出事是因为他不想伤害狗。故选B。
【5题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The Octber harvest was nly six weeks away, and Sctt had 600 acres f sybeans (大豆) and crn t harvest. Nt harvesting them in time culd destry his crps, his sle means f incme.(距离10月的收成只有六个星期了，斯科特有600英亩的大豆和玉米要收获。不及时收割会毁掉他的庄稼，这是他唯一的收入来源)”可知，斯科特是一个农民。故选A。
【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“While vlunteers checked his hme, mwed his lawn, and fed his dgs, 18 farmers cnducted the harvest. Farmers in Frst, Minnesta, gathered t harvest Sctt’s sybean crps n Octber 4th.(当志愿者检查他的家，修剪草坪，喂他的狗时，18个农民在收割。10月4日，明尼苏达州弗罗斯特的农民们聚集在一起收割斯科特的大豆作物)”可知，镇上人们为斯科特收割大豆来帮助他。故选A。
【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“One day, I hpe I’m able t pay the favr back.(我希望有一天我能报答你们)”可知，斯科特将来会帮助其他需要帮助的农民。故选B。
C
Shaping, drying, glazing and firing... in less than 5 minutes, a mini vase nly millimeters in size starts t take shape as viewers watch n. As the funder f a miniature ceramics (微型陶瓷) studi, Wang Wenhua never expected that his wrks wuld surprise viewers in China, let alne thse abrad, and that his shrt vides wuld earn ver 45 millin views and 4.2 millin likes n a vide applicatin.
Having wrked in China’s “Prcelain Capital (瓷都)” Jingdezhen in East China’s Jiangxi Prvince fr 14 years, Wang said he had nce seen the wrld’s biggest ceramic here but he had never seen the smallest, s he decided ne day t try smething different—making micr prcelain.
Things were nt easy in the beginning, and many peple dubted him. “They called me crazy and mcked me when I went t factries and asked them t help make miniature tls fr me t create micr pttery. Even my wife did nt supprt me,” Wang said.
Hwever, Wang did nt give up and after abut half a year f experimentatin, Wang finally made miniature tls n his wn and was able t cmplete his first miniature prcelain—a vase.
Accrding t Wang, the key t making a miniature ceramic wrk is cncentratin and a pair f steady hands. After numerus attempts, Wang fund that the smallest wrks he culd get were abut 2 millimeters in size. “It wuld prbably miss my riginal intentin if I made micr pttery using a micrscpe, s I have fcused mre attentin n making the smaller pieces mre beautiful and cmplex,” said Wang.
The smallest vase that Wang has made is a bwl nly 2 millimeters tall, 3 millimeters wide and 1 millimeter thick. Wang says he plans t apply fr the Guinness Wrld Recrds fr the wrld’s smallest pttery wrk.
8. What inspired Wang Wenhua t make micr prcelain?
A. The high expectatins f the viewers.
B. The ppularity f his vides n a vide applicatin.
C. His decisin t make smething different.
D. The respnsibility f the funder f the studi.
9. Which wrds can best describe Wang Wenhua?
A. Ambitius and wise.B. Brilliant and wealthy.
C. Talented and stubbrn.D. Determined and fcused.
10. What plays a significant rle in Wang prducing a miniature ceramic wrk?
A. Using a micrscpe in his wrk.B. Advanced tls made by himself.
C. Carrying ut numerus experiments.D. Attentin n a thing and steady hands.
11. In which sectin f a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Art.B. Fashin.C. Educatin.D. Psychlgy.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. D 11. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了微型陶瓷工作室的创始人王文华开始制作微瓷器的原因以及经过。
【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Having wrked in China’s “Prcelain Capital” Jingdezhen in East China’s Jiangxi Prvince fr 14 years, Wang said he had nce seen the wrld’s biggest ceramic here but he had never seen the smallest, s he decided ne day t try smething different — making micr prcelain. (在中国东部江西省的“瓷都”景德镇工作了14年之后，王说他曾经在这里看到过世界上最大的陶瓷，但从未见过最小的，所以有一天他决定尝试不同的东西——制作微瓷器)”可知，王文华做微瓷器是因为他决定做一些不同的东西。故选C。
【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Hwever, Wang did nt give up and after abut half a year f experimentatin, Wang finally made miniature tls n his wn and was able t cmplete his first miniature prcelain — a vase. (然而，王并没有放弃，经过大约半年的实验，他终于自己制作了微型工具，并完成了他的第一个微型瓷器——花瓶)”以及第五段中““It wuld prbably miss my riginal intentin if I made micr pttery using a micrscpe, s I have fcused mre attentin n making the smaller pieces mre beautiful and cmplex, ”said Wang. (“如果我用显微镜制作微陶器，可能会错过我的初衷，所以我把更多的注意力放在让小陶器更漂亮、更复杂上，”王说)”可推知，王文华有决心和专注。故选D。
【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Accrding t Wang, the key t making a miniature ceramic wrk is cncentratin and a pair f steady hands. (据王说，制作微型陶瓷作品的关键是专注和一双稳定的手)”可知，在制作微型陶瓷作品的过程中，专注一件事情和手稳起着重要的作用。故选D。
【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“As the funder f a miniature ceramics studi, Wang Wenhua never expected that his wrk wuld surprise viewers in China let alne thse abrad, and that his shrt vides wuld earn ver 45 millin views and 4.2 millin likes n Duyin, the Chinese versin f Tik Tk. (作为一家微型陶瓷工作室的创始人，王文华从未想到自己的作品会让国内观众感到惊讶，更不用说国外了。他的短视频在中国版抖音上获得了4500万点击量和420万点赞)”结合文章主要介绍了微型陶瓷工作室的创始人王文华开始制作微瓷器的原因以及经过。可推知，这篇文章可能出现在报纸的“艺术”版面。故选A。
D
D yu knw that the ldest tree is a 5, 000-year ld bristlecne pine (狐尾松) lcated in the frests f Nevada? Unfrtunately, many f these precius ld-grwth trees are starting t disappear frm ur planet. The term ld-grwth refers t trees that are 150 years r lder. This means that many f the trees n the Earth tday are yunger, smaller, and have shrter lifespans.
As the Earth’s temperature warms up due t climate change, it is having unintended effects n the wrld’s frests. When temperatures rise, trees clse their pres (气孔) t prevent the lss f misture, and this, in turn, slws dwn the prcess f phtsynthesis (光合作用). As a result, these trees are shrter and grw slwly, as well as have a high deathrate. Climate change als increases the pssibility f drughts and wildfires. After wildfires, it takes a while fr the frest ecsystems t recver, and in sme cases, the frests are lst permanently. Trees that are stressed are als susceptible (易受影响的) t attacks by bacteria (细菌). Finally, humans have changed the frest landscape thrugh lgging (伐木).
There are sme wh claim that increased greenhuse gas emissin is helping trees grw faster because CO2, is needed fr phtsynthesis. While sme yunger trees may benefit frm this, we are seeing significantly mre lss f frests than gain.
Old-grwth frests are a strehuse f carbn, and when they die, the stred CO2, is released int the air wrsening the greenhuse effect. Older frests have higher bidiversity, which is beneficial as each rganism has a rle t play and there is a wide variety f species. As these frests disappear, species that nce called them “hme” are frced t relcate, affecting the bidiversity f thse ecsystems. Unfrtunately, sme endangered species are unable t adapt and g extinct.
With trees dying cntinuusly, will future generatins miss ut n the wnders f frests?
12. What is the main idea f the secnd paragraph?
A. Why bacteria may attack ld trees.
B. What leads t the rising temperatures.
C. Why ld-grwth frests are disappearing.
D. Hw glbal warming causes natural disasters.
13. What des the underlined wrd “them” in paragraph 4 refer t?
A. Species.B. Older frests.
C. Organisms.D. Rles rganisms play.
14. The last sentence f the text is actually____________.
A. a dubtB. a warningC. a blameD. a suggestin
15. What is the authr’s purpse f writing this text?
A. T urge peple t reduce gas emissin.
B. T explain the greenhuse effect n trees.
C. T intrduce the prcess f phtsynthesis.
D. T call n peple t prtect ld-grwth trees.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. B 15. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了古树正在消失，今天地球上的许多树木都更年轻，更小，寿命更短。文章解释了为什么古老森林正在消失以及古老森林的重要性。
【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“As the Earth’s temperature warms up due t climate change, it is having unintended effects n the wrld’s frests. When temperatures rise, trees clse their pres (气孔) t prevent the lss f misture, and this, in turn, slws dwn the prcess f phtsynthesis (光合作用). As a result, these trees are shrter and grw slwly, as well as have a high death rate. Climate change als increases the pssibility f drughts and wildfires. After wildfires, it takes a while fr the frest ecsystems t recver, and in sme cases, the frests are lst permanently. Trees that are stressed are als susceptible (易受影响的) t attacks by bacteria (细菌). Finally, humans have changed the frest landscape thrugh lgging (伐木). (由于气候变化导致地球温度升高，这对世界森林产生了意想不到的影响。当温度升高时，树木会关闭气孔以防止水分流失，而这反过来又会减缓光合作用的过程。因此，这些树较矮，生长缓慢，死亡率也很高。气候变化也增加了干旱和野火的可能性。野火过后，森林生态系统需要一段时间才能恢复，在某些情况下，森林会永久消失。受到压力的树木也容易受到细菌的攻击。最后，人类通过伐木改变了森林景观)”可知，第二段的主旨是为什么古老森林正在消失。故选C。
【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Older frests have higher bidiversity, which is beneficial as each rganism has a rle t play and there is a wide variety f species.(古老森林具有更高的生物多样性，这是有益的，因为每种生物都可以发挥作用，而且此处物种种类繁多)”可知古老森林是许多物种的家园，以及划线词所在句“As these frests disappear, species that nce called them “hme” are frced t relcate, affecting the bidiversity f thse ecsystems”可知，随着古老森林的消失，曾经把古老森林称为“家园”的物种被迫搬迁，影响了这些生态系统的生物多样性。故划线词指的是“古老森林”。故选B。
【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“With trees dying cntinuusly, will future generatins miss ut n the wnders f frests?(随着树木的不断死亡，子孙后代会错过森林的奇观吗？)”结合文章主要说明了古树正在消失，今天地球上的许多树木都更年轻，更小，寿命更短。文章解释了为什么古老森林正在消失以及古老森林的重要性。可推知，作者通过文章最后一句反问来警告人们失去古树的后果。故选B。
【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Unfrtunately, many f these precius ld-grwth trees are starting t disappear frm ur planet.(不幸的是，许多珍贵的古树正开始从我们的星球上消失。)”和倒数第二段“Old-grwth frests are a strehuse f carbn, and when they die, the stred CO2, is released int the air wrsening the greenhuse effect.(古老森林是碳的仓库，当它们死亡时，储存的二氧化碳被释放到空气中，加剧了温室效应)”结合文章主要说明了古树正在消失，今天地球上的许多树木都更年轻，更小，寿命更短。文章解释了为什么古老森林正在消失以及古老森林的重要性。可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁人们保护古树。故选D。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Way’s t Make a Great First Impressin
Yu’ve heard it a millin times already, but it really takes a few secnds t make a gd first impressin. Here are sme easy ways fr yu t impress yur classmates r teachers.
____16____
Befre yu shake hands with smebdy, make sure that yur hands are clean. The handshake shuld nt be t strng r weak. Mst peple use their right hands, unless they have a reasn t use the left. ____17____
Be n time
When meeting smene fr the first time, arriving n time is very imprtant. Yu may have an excuse, but that will leave the persn with a bad impressin. ____18____ It’s better t be a little earlier than be late.
Intrduce yurself and ask fr names
Make sure yu prperly intrduce yurself. Ask fr their names in a plite way. ___19___ This will increase the chances f their remembering yur name in the future. Always remember t stand up when greeting smene and be sure t intrduce them t anyne yu’re with.
Make gd cnversatin
T get the mst ut f yur discussin, try t find smething cmmn between the tw f yu. ____20____ A persn will feel mre cmfrtable with smene they can relate t (产生共鸣).
A. Use bdy language
B. Have a prper handshake.
C. Repeat the name and use it later in cnversatin.
D. As a general rule, plan t arrive abut 30 minutes early.
E. It culd be a similar taste in clthes r a cmmn hbby.
F. Yu’ll be in serius truble if yu leave them with a bad impressin.
G. Hwever, dn’t have yur left hand in yur pcket because this appears implite.
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. D 19. C 20. E
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何给人留下美好的第一印象。
【16题详解】考查本段小标题。根据下文“Befre yu shake hands with smebdy, make sure that yur hands are clean. The handshake shuld nt be t strng r weak.（在你和别人握手之前，确保你的手是干净的。握手的力度不能太大，也不能太弱。）”可知，这段主要介绍握手的方式。B项Have a prper handshake.（握手要得体。）符合文意。选择项中的“handshake”和下文中的“shake hands”、“handshake”内容一致。故选B。
【17题详解】根据前句“Mst peple use their right hands, unless they have a reasn t use the left.（大多数人使用右手，除非他们有理由使用左手。）”可知，后句承接本句中提到的the left。G项Hwever, dn’t have yur left hand in yur pcket because this appears implite.（但是，不要把你的左手放在口袋里，因为这样会显得不礼貌。）符合文意。选择项中的“left hand”和前句中的“the left”保持一致，且前后句之间为转折关系。故选G。
【18题详解】根据后句“It’s better t be a little earlier than be late.（早一点到总比晚一点好。）”可知，前句建议要提前到达。D项As a general rule, plan t arrive abut 30 minutes early.（一般来说，计划提前30分钟到达。）符合文意。选择项中的“early”和后句中的“earlier”保持一致。故选D。
【19题详解】根据前句“Ask fr their names in a plite way.（礼貌地问他们的名字。）”和后句“This will increase the chances f their remembering yur name in the future.（这将增加他们在将来记住你名字的机会。）”可知，这里建议要礼貌地询问对方的名字并在随后的交谈中提及到对方的名字。C项Repeat the name and use it later in cnversatin.（重复对方的名字，在以后的对话中使用。）符合文意。选择项中的“name”和前句中的“names”和后句中的“name”保持一致。故选C。
【20题详解】根据前句“T get the mst ut f yur discussin, try t find smething cmmn between the tw f yu.（为了从你们的讨论中获得最大的好处，试着找出你们之间的共同点。）”可知，要找到彼此的共同点，容易找到共同的话题。E项It culd be a similar taste in clthes r a cmmn hbby.（可能是相似的穿衣品味或共同的爱好。）符合文意。选择项中的“cmmn hbby.”和后句中的“smething cmmn”保持一致。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
N ne is brn a winner. Peple make themselves int winners by their wn effrts.
I learned this lessn frm a(n) ____21____ many years ag when I tk the head ____22____ jb at a schl in Gergia.
It was a traditin fr the schl’s ld team t ____23____ the new team at the end f spring practice. The ld team had n ____24____ and they even didn’t prepare fr the game. Being the cach f the new team, I was excited because I knew we were ging t win, but disappintedly, we were defeated. I culdn’t ____25____ I had gt int such a situatin. Thinking hard abut it, I came t ____26____ that my team might nt be the number ne team, but they were ____27____ me. I had t change my attitude abut their ability and ptential.
I started ding anything I culd t help them build a little ____28____. Mst imprtantly, I began t treat them like ____29____. That summer, when the ther teams enjyed their vacatins, we met every day and practiced.
Six mnths after suffering ur defeat, we wn ur first game and ur secnd, and cntinued t ____30____. Finally, we faced the number ne team in the state. I felt it wuld be a ____31____ fr us even if we lst the game. But my bys beat them, giving me ne f the greatest ____32____ f my life!
Frm the experience I learned a lt abut hw the attitude f the leader can ____33____ the team. Instead f seeing my bys as lsers, I pushed and ____34____ them. I helped them t see themselves ____35____, and they built themselves int winners.
Winners are made, nt brn.
21. A. experimentB. experienceC. adventureD. vacatin
22. A. peratingB. editingC. cnsultingD. caching
23. A. play againstB. wrk withC. answer frD. stand fr
24. A. playerB. cachC. supprterD. vlunteer
25. A. agreeB. believeC. describeD. regret
26. A. realizeB. claimC. permitD. demand
27. A. wrrying abutB. lking frC. depending nD. caring abut
28. A. relatinshipB. cultureC. frtuneD. pride
29. A. leadersB. partnersC. winnersD. learners
30. A. relaxB. imprveC. expandD. defend
31. A. shameB. burdenC. victryD. favr
32. A. chancesB. thrillsC. cncernsD. ffers
33. A. impactB. serveC. interestD. surprise
34. A. caughtB. prtectedC. punishedD. encuraged
35. A. hnestlyB. individuallyC. calmlyD. differently
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为一个新球队的教练，在球队失利的情况下，作者通过改变球员们的态度帮助他们建立了自豪感，球员们不断努力训练，赢得了一次次的比赛。
【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从多年前的一次经历中学到了这个教训，当时我在乔治亚州的一所学校担任主教练。A. experiment 实验；B. experience 经历、经验；C.adventure 冒险、历险；D. vacatin 假期。根据倒数第二段“Frm the experience I learned a lt abut hw the attitude f the leader can the team. ”（从这次经历中，我学到了领导者的态度是如何影响团队的。）及全文内容可知，作者是从多年前的一次经历中学到了这个教训。故选B。
【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从多年前的一次经历中学到了这个教训，当时我在乔治亚州的一所学校担任主教练。A. perating 做手术、运营；B. editing 编辑；C. cnsulting 咨询、请教；D. caching 训练、指导。根据第三段“Being the cach f the new team, I was excited because I knew we were ging t win, but disappintedly, we were defeated.”（作为新球队的教练，我很兴奋，因为我知道我们会赢，但令人失望的是，我们被击败了。）可知，作者是这个球队的教练，担任训练、指导球队的工作。故选D。
【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：学校的老队在春季训练结束时与新队比赛是一个传统。A. play against 同……比赛；B. wrk with 和……一起工作；C. answer fr 负责、保证；D. stand fr 代表、象征。根据第三段“Being the cach f the new team, I was excited because I knew we were ging t win, but disappintedly, we were defeated.”（作为新球队的教练，我很兴奋，因为我知道我们会赢，但令人失望的是，我们被击败了。）可知，学校的新老两个队伍是在一起进行了比赛。故选A。
【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：老队没有教练，他们甚至没有为比赛做准备。A. player 队员；B. cach 教练；C. supprter 支持者；D. vlunteer 志愿者。根据句意及下一句“Being the cach f the new team, I was excited because I knew we were ging t win, but disappintedly, we were defeated.”（作为新球队的教练，我很兴奋，因为我知道我们会赢，但令人失望的是，我们被击败了。）可知，老队甚至没有为比赛做准备，还是赢了有着教练的新队，出乎了作者的意料，说明老队应该是连教练都没有。故选B。
【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我无法相信我陷入了这样的境地。A. agree 同意；B. believe 相信；C. describe 描写、描述；D. regret 后悔、遗憾。根据上一句“Being the cach f the new team, I was excited because I knew we were ging t win, but disappintedly, we were defeated.”（作为新球队的教练，我很兴奋，因为我知道我们会赢，但令人失望的是，我们被击败了。）可知，作者之前对赢得比赛是信心满满的，被老队打败是出乎他意料的，因此他无法相信自己陷入了这种境地。故选B。
【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：仔细想了想，我意识到我的团队可能不是最好的团队，但他们都依赖于我。A. realize 意识到；B. claim 声称；C. permit 允许；D. demand 要求。根据句中“Thinking hard abut it”可知，作者在仔细思考之后，应该是意识到了自己的团队可能不是最好的，但他们都依赖于自己。故选A。
【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：仔细想了想，我意识到我的团队可能不是最好的团队，但他们都依赖于我。A. wrrying abut 担忧；B. lking fr 寻找；C. depending n 依赖；D. caring abut 关心、担心。根据下一句“I had t change my attitude abut their ability and ptential.”（我必须改变我对他们的能力和潜力的态度。）并结合句意和常识可知，作者决定作出改变，是因为意识到队员们都依赖作为教练的自己。故选C。
【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始尽我所能帮助他们建立自豪感。A. relatinship 关系；B. culture 文化；C. frtune 运气、财富；D. pride 自豪、骄傲。根据倒数第二段“Instead f seeing my bys as lsers, I pushed and them.”（我没有把我的孩子们视为失败者，而是推动并鼓励他们。）可知，作者一直在鼓励他的队员，以此建立他们的信心和自豪感。故选D。
【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，我开始像对待赢家一样对待他们。A. leaders 领导；B. partners 合伙人、伙伴；C. winners 赢家、胜利者；D. learners 学习者。根据第8小题“I started ding anything I culd t help them build a little pride”和倒数第二段“Instead f seeing my bys as lsers, I pushed and them.”（我没有把我的孩子们视为失败者，而是推动并鼓励他们。）可知，作者没有把队员当作失败者，而是把他们当作胜利者，鼓励他们。故选C。
【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在遭受失败的六个月后，我们赢得了第一场比赛和第二场比赛，并继续进步。A. relax 放松；B. imprve 提高、改进；C. expand 扩大、扩展；D. defend 保卫、防御。根据下一句“Finally, we faced the number ne team in the state.”（最后，我们面对的是全州排名第一的球队。）可知，作者的队伍一直在赢得比赛，一直在提高和进步，最终与排名第一的球队对战。故选B。
【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我觉得即使我们输了比赛，对我们来说也是一场胜利。A. shame 羞愧、羞耻；B. burden 负担；C. victry 胜利；D. favr 支持。根据上一句“Finally, we faced the number ne team in the state.”（最后，我们面对的是全州排名第一的球队。）可知，作者的球队由最初输给没有教练的老队到现在能够和排名第一的队伍对决，已经是很大的胜利了，所以对他们来说，即使输了比赛，也已经是一场胜利了。故选C。
【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我的孩子们打败了他们，给了我一生中最激动的一次！A.chances机会；B. thrills 激动、兴奋；C. cncerns担心、忧虑；D. ffers提供、录取通知。根据第11小题“I felt it wuld be a victry fr us even if we lst the game.”可知，作者对战胜排名第一的球队并没有抱很大的希望，能够与之对战，作者已经感到很满意了，但是他的球队却取得了胜利，因此这对他而言是一生中最激动的一次体验。故选B。
【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从这次经历中，我学到了领导者的态度是如何影响团队的。A. impact 影响；B. serve 服务；C. interest 使感兴趣；D. surprise 使惊讶。根据第三段“I had t change my attitude abut their ability and ptential.”（我必须改变我对他们的能力和潜力的态度。）及作者所做的改变而使球队获得的胜利可知，作者改变了态度，对球队产生了巨大的影响。故选A。
【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有把我的孩子们视为失败者，而是推动并鼓励他们。A. caught 抓住；B. prtected 保护；C. punished 惩罚；D. encuraged 鼓励。根据第8、9小题“I started ding anything I culd t help them build a little pride. Mst imprtantly, I began t treat them like winners.”及句中的并列动词“pushed”和句意可知，作者没有把球队当作失败者来对待，而是像对待胜利者一样，不断地推动和鼓励他们，帮助他们树立了信心和自豪感。故选D。
【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我帮助他们以不同的方式看待自己，他们把自己打造成了赢家。A. hnestly诚实地；B. individually单独地、个别地；C. calmly 平静地；D. differently 不同地。根据第14小题“Instead f seeing my bys as lsers, I pushed and encuraged them.”及全文内容可知，作者没有像大多数人那样把队员当作失败者，而是鼓励他们，帮助他们以不同的方式来看待自己，从而取得了胜利。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
“What shall I read” Yu might have asked ____36____(yu) this questin mre than nce. If yu are nt sure what t read, yu can get ideas frm different ____37____(surce), but it is als imprtant t develp yur wn taste.
T start with, ask yur friends, parents and teachers ____38____(recmmend) what bks yu ught t read. Mst peple will be happy t share their favurite bks with thers. Teachers in particular can prvide suggestins fr interesting reading materials that can ____39____(find) in the library r bkshp easily. Yu culd als read bk reviews in newspapers, in magazines ____40____nline. ____41____ bk review can ften tell yu whether a bk is wrth reading r nt.
These ideas shuld pint yu in the right directin. Hwever, yu must als decide fr yurself what kind f bks t read. Yu d nt have t read a bk just because everyne recmmends it. Instead, lk fr bks n tpics ____42____ interest yu. Take time t lk thrugh the cllectins ____43____ different sectins f yur lcal library, and yu are likely t cme acrss bks yu lve t read. Over time, yu may find yurself ____44____(well) able t seek ut bks t yur taste and enjy _____45_____(read) all the mre.
【答案】36. yurself 37. surces 38. t recmmend 39. be fund
40. r 41. A 42. that/which 43. in 44. better 45. reading
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍如何选择自己应该阅读的书籍。
【36题详解】考查代词。句意：你可能不止一次地问过自己这个问题。表示“问你自己”应用反身代词yurself。故填yurself。
【37题详解】考查名词的数。句意：如果你不确定读什么书，你可以从不同的来源获得灵感，但培养自己的品味也很重要。surce为可数名词，结合different可知为复数。故填surces。
【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：首先，让你的朋友、父母和老师推荐你应该读什么书。表示“让某人做某事”短语为ask sb. t d sth.。故填t recmmend。
【39题详解】考查语态。句意：尤其是老师可以为学生推荐有趣的阅读材料，这些材料很容易在图书馆或书店找到。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且can后跟动词原形。故填be fund。
【40题详解】考查连词。句意：你也可以在报纸、杂志或网上读书评。此处前后为选项关系，应用r。故填r。
【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：书评通常可以告诉你一本书是否值得一读。review为可数名词，此处为泛指且bk是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填A。
【42题详解】考查定语从句。句意：相反，找一些你感兴趣的主题的书。定语从句修饰先行词tpics，在从句中作主语，指物，故填that/which。
【43题详解】考查介词。句意：花点时间浏览当地图书馆不同区域的藏书，你很可能会找到你喜欢读的书。后跟名词作宾语，表示“在不同区域”应用介词in。故填in。
【44题详解】考查比较级。句意：随着时间的推移，你可能会发现自己能够更好地找到适合自己口味的书，并且更加享受阅读。此处与之前的情况比较“更好”应用比较级。故填better。
【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着时间的推移，你可能会发现自己能够更好地找到适合自己口味的书，并且更加享受阅读。短语enjy ding sth.表示“享受做某事”。故填reading。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. Write an article abut water pllutin accrding t the fllwing instructins.
1. The causes f water pllutin.
2. The cnsequences f water pllutin.
3. Hw t cntrl water pllutin.
注意：写作词数不少于80。
开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Water pllutin
There are varius causes f water pllutin.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Water pllutin
There are varius causes f water pllutin. Much industrial waste pisn the water after they enter water bdies. Mrever, animal and human waste pllutes the water. Water pllutin is als caused by pisnus chemicals used in agriculture.
Plluted water bdies nt nly d harm t animals and plants; they als have a lng-lasting effect n humans.
T prevent further damage t water bdies, it is necessary t take sme measures. First, we must draw public attentin t the prblem. Secnd, mre strict laws shuld be passed t help reduce water pllutin. Third, we can vlunteer t take part in clean-up activities.
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
That night, I quarreled with my mther, then strmed ut f the huse. While n the rad, I remembered that I did nt have any mney in my pcket, and I did nt even take my cell phne with me t make a call hme.
At the same time, I went thrugh a ndle shp. Picking up the sweet fragrance, I suddenly felt very hungry. I wished fr a bwl f ndles, but I had n mney!
The seller saw me standing befre the cunter and asked, “Hey, little girl, yu want t eat a bwl?”
“But…but I d nt carry mney…” I shyly replied.
“Okay, I’ll treat yu.” the seller said. “Cme in, I will ck yu a bwl.”
A few minutes later the wner brught me a steaming bwl f ndles. After eating sme pieces, I cried.
“What is it?” He asked.
“Nthing. I am just tuched by yur kindness!” I said as I wiped my tears. “Even a stranger n the street gives me a bwl f ndles, and my mther, after a quarrel, chased me ut f the huse. She is cruel!”
The seller sighed, “Girl, why d yu think s? Think again. I nly gave yu a bwl f ndles and yu felt that way. Yur mther has been taking care f yu since yu were little, why were yu nt grateful and why did yu hurt yur mm?”
I was really surprised after hearing that.
Why didn’t I think f that? A bwl f ndles frm a stranger made me feel grateful, and my mther has raised me since I was little and I have never felt s, nt even a little. I thught she was suppsed t take care f me and lve me.
On the way hme, I thught in my head what I wuld say t my mther when I arrived hme: “Mm, I’m srry, I knw it is my fault, please frgive me…”
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150词左右：
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1
Meanwhile many memries came back int my mind.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2
When arriving hme, I saw my mther sitting at the dinner table, wrried and tired.
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【答案】Meanwhile many memries came back int my mind. When I was ill, she was always the ne taking care f me. When I had truble with my study, she never lst faith in me and encuraged me t keep ging. When I arrived hme during the weekend, she always prepared my favurite fd. All her kindness came back t me. I shuld be grateful fr all she had dne fr me. I realized that I shuld return hme immediately and say srry t my mther.
When arriving hme, I saw my mther sitting at the dinner table, wrried and tired. She must have been lking fr me everywhere. I was ready fr her anger and shuts. Hwever, befre I culd aplgize, my mther saw me and gently said: “h, hney, thank Gd, yu’re back! Cme inside. Yu are prbably very hungry? I cked yur favrite ndles, cme and eat while they are still ht...” N lnger able t cntrl myself, I cried in her arms. “I’m srry, mm, please frgive me.” I whispered t her thrugh tears, extremely ashamed f myself.