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浙江省会稽联盟2023-2024学年高一下学期4月期中联考英语试题（学生版+教师版）
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这是一份浙江省会稽联盟2023-2024学年高一下学期4月期中联考英语试题（学生版+教师版），文件包含浙江省会稽联盟2023-2024学年高一下学期4月期中联考英语试题教师版docx、浙江省会稽联盟2023-2024学年高一下学期4月期中联考英语试题学生版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共30页， 欢迎下载使用。
高一年级英语学科 试题
考生须知：
1. 本卷共8页, 满分100分, 考试时间100分钟。
2.答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字。
3.所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效。
4. 考试结束后， 只需上交答题纸。
选择题部分
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分 15 分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What des the wman prefer?
A. Cffee B. Tea C. Cld water.
2. Hw many students are there in the girl’s class?
A.15. B.50. C.30.
3. What’s the mst prbable relatinship between the tw speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Husband and wife. C. Bss and emplyee.
4. What will they d next?
A. Buy a bk B. Talk abut a bk. C. Have sme cffee.
5. Hw des the wman sund when talking abut her grade?
A. Disappinted B. Nervus. C. Pleased.
第二节(共 10小题；每小题1分，满分 10分)
听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Hw des the wman prbably feel?
A. Calm. B. Embarrassed. C. Upset.
7. Hw much time d they have befre the play starts?
A. 15 minutes. B. One hur and 15 minutes. C. 45 minutes.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What can be learned frm the cnversatin?
A. Mary enjyed her first day f schl.
B. The classmates are unfriendly.
C. Math class is the shrtest ne.
9. What d we knw abut Mary’s Spanish teacher?
A. She is strict with students.
B She is quite humrus.
C. She is a capable teacher.
听第8段材料, 回答第 10 至 12题。
10. What is the prblem with the lckers?
A. They are almst ut f use.
B. They have all been remved.
C. They are nt being used prperly.
11. What des the man suggest?
A. Increasing the number f the clthes hangers.
B. Making the hangers much strnger in winter.
C. Changing the clthes hangers frequently.
12. Hw des the wman respnd t the man’s wrds?
A. She ignred his advice.
B. She accepted his suggestin.
C. She rejected his argument.
听第9段材料, 回答第 13至 15题。
13. Why is Freethinkers Day celebrated?
A. T encurage and appreciate free thught.
B. T celebrate Thmas Paine’s birthday.
C. T call fr mre wrld changes.
14. What can we learn abut Thmas Paine’s wrks?
A. They are nw used as schlbks.
B. The bk Truthseeker helped end slavery.
C. They helped change scieties acrss the wrld.
15. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. A cmparisn f tw great Americans.
B. The greatness f Thmas Paine.
C. A brief intrductin f Freethinkers Day.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分 40分)
第一节 (共15 小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Lndn Canal Museum
Opening Hurs
The museum is pen frm 10:00 t 16:30 frm Tuesdays t Sundays all the year rund. We clse fr just a few days ver Christmas and New Year. Besides, we are pen n bank hliday Mndays and n the first Thursday f each mnth we pen late until 19:30. The last time t enter the museum is 30 minutes befre clsing time.
Christmas/New Year 2022~2023: We are pen as usual t 23rd December, clsed n 24th, 25th, 26th, 27th and 31st December, 2022. We are pen n Wednesday 28th, Thursday 29th and Friday 30thDecember and n Sunday 1st January, 2023.
Admissin Charges
The admissin charges are as fllws:
·Adults £4.00
Senirs (anyne aged 60 and ver) £3.00
Students (with identity) £3.00
Children aged 5~15 £2.00
·Family £10.00 (2 adults +3 children r 1 adult +4 children)
Children aged 0~4 free
We accept:
·The Lndn Pass
·Railway cmpany 2 fr 1 vuchers (代金券), with the rail ticket
Museums Assciatin members £2.00
English Heritage Members enjy a 2 fr 1 ffer
We accept cash r credit card.
Grups f 10 peple r mre qualify fr special rates and may bk refreshments (点心). Grups f 20r mre can have a free intrductry talk frm a member f staff if pre-bked. We als ffer guided tw-path walks alng the canal fr pre-bked grups at an extra charge. Cntact grups @canalmuseum. rg. uk t bk ahead f time.
1 Hw much will they be charged if a grandfather aged 61 and his grandsn aged 5 visit the museum?
A. £2.00.B. £3.00.C. £4.00.D. £5.00.
2. What shuld we d if we want t be guided t travel alng the canal?
A. Get up early.B. Bk in advance.
C. Buy sme refreshments.D. Set ff n time.
3. What is the purpse f the text?
A. T shw sme advantages f Lndn Canal Museum.
B. T draw mre turists t visit Lndn Canal Museum.
C. T ffer infrmatin abut visiting Lndn Canal Museum.
D. T intrduce smething abut Lndn Canal Museum.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要向游客介绍了参观伦敦运河博物馆所需要了解的一些信息，如开放时间，人场费和一些优惠措施等。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Admissin Charges部分中的“Senirs (anyne aged 60 and ver) £3.00(老年人(60岁及以上)3.00英镑)”以及“Children aged 5~15 £2.00(5~15岁儿童2.00英镑)”可知，60岁及以上的每人3英镑，5——15岁的儿童每人2英镑，所以，一个61岁的祖父和一个5岁的儿童应该收费为5英镑。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据尾段中的“We als ffer guided tw-path walks alng the canal fr pre-bked grups at an extra charge.(我们还为预先预订的团体提供沿着运河的带导游的拖道步行，但需额外付费。)”可知，为预先预定的团体提供导游带领沿着运河游览服务，由此可知，如果要有人带两者沿着运河浏览的话需要提前预定。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据本文的标题“Lndn Canal Museum(伦敦运河博物馆)”以及下文中的“Opening Hurs(开放时间)”、“Admissin Charges(入场费)”、“We accept(我们接受)”以及“Grups f 10 peple r mre qualify fr special rates and may bk refreshments (点心). Grups f 20r mre can have a free intrductry talk frm a member f staff if pre-bked.(10人或以上的团体可享受特价，并可预订茶点。如果提前预订，20人或以上的团体可以免费听取工作人员的介绍。)”等信息可知，本文介绍的是伦敦运河博物馆的开放时间、入场费和一些优惠措施，由此可知，本文主要是向游客提供一些去伦敦运河博物馆参观的相关信息。故选C项。
B
Mst peple have never heard f Tim Berners-Lee. He is nt nearly as rich r famus as Mare Andreessen, wh is the funder f Netscape, r Bill Gates, whse name has becme a well-knwn wrd.
Berners-Lee, wh wrks in a small ffice at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy, is the creatr f the Wrld Wide Web. The creatin f the Web is s imprtant that sme peple cmpare Berners-Lee t Jhann Gutenberg, wh invented printing by mvable type (活字) in the fifteenth century.
Berners-Lee was brn in England in 1955. His parents, wh helped design the wrld’s first cmmercially (商业地) available cmputer, gave him a great lve f mathematics and learning.
In 1980 Berners-Lee went t wrk at CERN, a physics labratry in Geneva, Switzerland, where he had a lt f material t learn quickly. He had a pr memry fr facts and wanted t find a way t help him keep track f things he culdn’t remember. He invented a sftware prgram that allwed him t create a dcument that had links t ther dcuments. He cntinued t develp his idea thrugh the 1980s. He wanted t find a way t cnnect the knwledge and creativity f peple all ver the wrld.
In 1991, his prject became knwn as the Wrld Wide Web. The number f Internet users started t grw quickly. Hwever, Berners-Lee is nt cmpletely happy with the way the We b has develped. He thinks it has becme a passive tl fr s many peple, nt the tl fr creativity that he imagined.
In 1999, Berners-Lee published a bk called Weaving the Web, in which he answers questins he is ften asked: What were yu thinking when yu invented the Web? What d yu think f it nw? Where is the Web ging t take us in the future?
4. Frm Paragraph 1 we can see ________.
A. Tim Berners-Lee has never heard f Netscape.B. Mare Andreesen is as wealthy as Tim Berners-Lee.
C. We knw little abut Tim Berners-Lee.D. Bill Gates is as knwn as Tim Berners-Lee.
5. Why is Jhann Gutenberg mentined in Para. 2?
A. T prve the ppularity f printing.B. T stress the psitin f Berners-Lee.
C. T cnvey peple’s appreciatin fr him.D. T intrduce his inventin f printing.
6. Which can be learned abut Berners-Lee?
A. He was prud f his achievement.B. He was gd at memrizing facts quickly.
C. He was creative and knwledgeable.D. He was prductive in writing bks.
7. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. A Great Inventr-Berners-Lee.B. A Famus Bk-Weaving the Web.
C. A Knwn Prject-Wrld Wide Web.D. A Physics Labratry-CERN.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了万维网的发明者Tim Berners-Lee的个人经历以及成就。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Mst peple have never heard f Tim Berners-Lee. He is nt nearly as rich r famus as Mare Andreessen, wh is the funder f Netscape, r Bill Gates, whse name has becme a well-knwn wrd.(大多数人从未听说过Tim Berners-Lee。他远不如网景的创始人马雷•安德森或比尔•盖茨富有，也不如盖茨出名)”可知，我们对Tim Berners-Lee知之甚少。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Berners-Lee, wh wrks in a small ffice at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy, is the creatr f the Wrld Wide Web. The creatin f the Web is s imprtant that sme peple cmpare Berners-Lee t Jhann Gutenberg, wh invented printing by mvable type (活字) in the fifteenth century.(Tim Berners-Lee在麻省理工学院的一间小办公室里工作，他是万维网的发明者。网络的发明如此重要，以至于有人将Tim Berners-Lee与15世纪发明活字印刷术的约翰·古腾堡相提并论)”可知，第二段提到了约翰·古腾堡是为了强调伯Tim Berners-Lee的立场。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Berners-Lee, wh wrks in a small ffice at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy, is the creatr f the Wrld Wide Web.(Tim Berners-Lee在麻省理工学院的一间小办公室里工作，他是万维网的发明者)”以及第四段“In 1980, Berners-Lee went t wrk at CERN, a physics labratry in Geneva, Switzerland, where he had a lt f material t learn quickly.(1980年，Tim Berners-Lee去了欧洲核子研究中心工作，这是一个位于瑞士日内瓦的物理实验室，在那里他有很多材料需要快速学习)”可知，Tim Berners-Lee有创造力，知识渊博。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Mst peple have never heard f Tim Berners-Lee. He is nt nearly as rich r famus as Mare Andreessen, wh is the funder f Netscape, r Bill Gates, whse name has becme a well-knwn wrd.(大多数人从未听说过Tim Berners-Lee。他远不如网景的创始人马雷•安德森或比尔•盖茨富有，也不如盖茨出名)”结合文章主要介绍了万维网的发明者Tim Berners-Lee的个人经历以及成就。可知，A选项“伟大的发明家——Tim Berners-Lee”最符合文章标题。故选A。
C
Fr sme peple, music is n fun at all. Abut 4% f the ppulatin is what scientists call “amusic”. Peple wh are amusic are brn withut the ability t enjy musical ntes. Amusic peple ften cannt tell the differences between tw sngs.
As a result, sngs sund like nise t an amusic. Many amusics cmpare the sund f music t pieces f metal hitting each ther. Life can be hard fr amusics. In fact, mst peple cannt understand what it feels like t be amusic. Just ging t a restaurant r a shpping center can be uncmfrtable r even painful. That is why many amusics have t stay away frm places where there is music. Hwever, this can result in scial lneliness. “I used t hate parties,” says Margaret, a seventy-year-ld wman wh nly recently discvered that she was amusic. By studying peple like Margaret, scientists are finally learning hw t identify this unusual cnditin.
Scientists say that the brains f amusics are different frm thse f peple wh can enjy music. The difference is cmplex, as it is nt cnnected with pr hearing and has nthing t d with intelligence. Amusics can understand ther nn-musical sunds well. They als have n prblems understanding cmmn speech. Scientists cmpare amusics t peple wh just can’t see certain clrs.
Many amusics are happy when their cnditin is finally diagnsed (诊断). Fr years, Margaret felt embarrassed abut her music prblem. Nw she knws that she is nt alne. That makes it easier fr her t explain. “When peple invite me t a cncert, I just say ‘N, thanks. I’m amusic,’” says Margaret.
8. Amusics are the peple wh ________.
A. have a preference fr music.B. have truble in hearing.
C. have a talent fr musicD. are brn unable t enjy music.
9. Life is hard fr amusics mainly because ________.
A. they fail t understand music.B. they find their nrmal life disturbed.
C. they try t stay at the place full f music.D. they regard music as nise.
10. What des the underlined wrd “cmplex” mean in paragraph 3?
A. Difficult.B. Obvius.C. BasicD. Small.
11. What is the main idea f the passage?
A. Sme peple’s musical ability.B. Sme peple’s inability t enjy music.
C. Amusics’ strange behavirs.D. Diagnsis and treatment f amusics.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了没有音乐欣赏能力的一类人，他们被称为“音盲”。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据首段中的“Peple wh are amusic are brn withut the ability t enjy musical ntes.(有“音盲”的人天生就没有欣赏音符的能力。)”可知，有“音盲”的人天生没有欣赏音符的能力。故选A项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In fact, mst peple cannt understand what it feels like t be amusic. Just ging t a restaurant r a shpping center can be uncmfrtable r even painful. That is why many amusics have t stay away frm places where there is music. Hwever, this can result in scial lneliness.(事实上，大多数人无法理解成为一名音盲是什么感觉。只是去餐馆或购物中心可能会感到不舒服甚至痛苦。这就是为什么许多音盲必须远离有音乐的地方。此外，这可能会导致社交孤独。)”可知，有音盲的人是无法被人理解的，而且他们去参观或者购物中心都会不舒服甚至是痛苦，这还可能会导致社交孤独，由此可知，他们正常的生活可能受到影响，由此可知，有音盲的人生活艰难主要是因为他们的正常生活受到了干扰。故选B项。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线单词前的“Scientists say that the brains f amusics are different frm thse f peple wh can enjy music.(科学家们说，音盲的大脑与能欣赏音乐的人的大脑不同。)”可知，科学家发现，音盲的大脑与能欣赏音乐的人的大脑不同，结合划线单词后的“as it is nt cnnected with pr hearing and has nthing t d with intelligence.(因为它与听力差无关，也与智力无关。)”可知，这种差异与听力差和智力均无关系，结合下文中的“Amusics can understand ther nn-musical sunds well. They als have n prblems understanding cmmn speech. (音盲可以很好地理解其他非音乐性的声音。他们在理解普通语言方面也没有问题。)”可知，音盲也能理解其他非音乐声音，而且理解普通语言也没有问题，综合以上信息可知，这种差异是难以理解的，所以划线单词的意思与“难理解的”意义相近。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Abut 4% f the ppulatin is what scientists call “amusic”. Peple wh are amusic are brn withut the ability t enjy musical ntes. Amusic peple ften cannt tell the differences between tw sngs.(大约4% 的人口是科学家所说的“音盲”。音盲的人生来就没有欣赏音符的能力。音盲常常分辨不出两首歌之间的区别。)”以及下文中介绍的音盲带来的影响、音盲的大脑与其他能欣赏音乐的人的大脑的差异分析和对音盲的诊断给音盲者带来的快乐可知，本文主要介绍了没有音乐欣赏能力的一类人，他们被称为“音盲”，文章就这类人的特点展开介绍。故选B项。
D
Earlier this mnth, TikTk annunced that it will be intrducing screen time limits fr the accunts f users aged under 18. Children under 13 will require a parent r guardian t type in a passwrd t cntinue scrlling (滚屏) thrugh their feed, and thse aged 13-17 will be asked t set their wn passwrd s when the viewing time ges beynd the limit.
Studies suggest that 30 minutes may be the best fr scial media use, where users are able t stay cnnected with friends and family and view entertainment. Hwever, many ther studies shw that verly-heavy scial media use can lead t a lt f prblems, like physical and mental prblems.
By suggesting 100 minutes as a hard line where a passwrd is required t be created by the user, TikTk is gradually making the standards clear abut what may be regarded as a prblematic scial media habit in yung peple. Althugh these passwrds fr lder teenagers can bviusly be bypassed, they are a step in the right directin in encuraging children t use scial media respnsibly.
In additin, parents wh wn their wn TikTk accunts will be able t link with their children’s accunts, gaining additinal cntrls, such as muting ntificatins (消息免打扰) and custmizing time limits fr different days in the week.
Algrithms (算法) that culd tell parents if the child has been viewing dangerus material culd sn be put int use. Hwever, the difficulty in this is the amunt f cntent available n the internet. Finally, apps such as TikTk and Instagram will need t cntinue intrducing mre measures t imprve nline safety fr children.
Lawmakers arund the wrld are paying clse attentin t the effect scial media has n the yung, meaning that the develpment f new tls t imprve its use will n dubt take place sn if big tech wishes t avid additinal legal prblems.
12. Why did TikTk intrduce screen time limits fr teenagers?
A. T prevent their veruse f scial media.B. T imprve nline safety.
C. T strengthen their relatinship with parents.D. T develp their ability f self-cntrl.
13. What’s the authr’s attitude twards TikTk’s new plicy?
A. Indifferent.B. Critical.C. Supprtive.D. Unclear.
14. What can parents d t help children use scial media respnsibly?
A. Type in a passwrd t stp the use.B. Get cnnected t the children’s accunt.
C. Set the same time limits in a week.D. Use algrithms t remve dangerus cntent.
15. What des the last paragraph mainly talk abut scial media?
A. Its impacts n the yung.B. Slutins t its technlgical prblems.
C. Its applicatin t lawmaking.D. Legal pressure n its imprvement.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本月早些时候，抖音宣布将对18岁以下用户的账户设置屏幕使用时间限制。改善社交媒体使用的新工具的开发无疑将很快展开。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Studies suggest that 30 minutes may be the best fr scial media use, where users are able t stay cnnected with friends and family and view entertainment. Hwever, many ther studies shw that verly-heavy scial media use can lead t a lt f prblems, like physical and mental prblems.(研究表明，30分钟可能是使用社交媒体的最佳时间，在这段时间里，用户可以与朋友和家人保持联系，并观看娱乐节目。然而，许多其他研究表明，过度使用社交媒体会导致很多问题，比如身体和精神问题)”可知，TikTk会对青少年设置屏幕时间限制是为了防止过度使用社交媒体。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Althugh these passwrds fr lder teenagers can bviusly be bypassed, they are a step in the right directin in encuraging children t use scial media respnsibly.(虽然年龄较大的青少年显然可以绕过这些密码，但这是鼓励孩子们负责任地使用社交媒体的正确方向)”可知，作者对TikTk的新政策持支持态度。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“In additin, parents wh wn their wn TikTk accunts will be able t link with their children’s accunts, gaining additinal cntrls, such as muting ntificatins (消息免打扰) and custmizing time limits fr different days in the week.(此外，拥有自己的抖音帐户的父母将能够与孩子的帐户链接，获得额外的控制，例如静音通知和定制一周中不同日子的时间限制)”可知，父母可以通过自己的账户设定时间限制来帮助孩子负责任地使用社交媒体。故选B。
15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Lawmakers arund the wrld are paying clse attentin t the effect scial media has n the yung, meaning that the develpment f new tls t imprve its use will n dubt take place sn if big tech wishes t avid additinal legal prblems.(世界各地的立法者都在密切关注社交媒体对年轻人的影响，这意味着，如果大型科技公司希望避免更多的法律问题，改善社交媒体使用的新工具的开发无疑将很快展开)”可知，关于社交媒体，最后一段主要讲了对其改进的法律压力。故选D。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分 10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Benefits f Listening t Music
Whether yu like Beethven r Mzart, there is ne thing I think we can all agree n: music makes life better. ____16____.
Listening t music can reduce stress
A lt f us may turn t relaxing music when we are feeling stressed r tired. A recent research shws that slw, quiet classical music is suggested t have the mst exciting effect. ____17____. Or listening t a relaxing, classical-style mvie sundtrack can als help yu reduce stress.
Listening t music can imprve yur memry
The interesting part abut the research is that it shws music helps yur brain develp in many areas, ne f the mst imprtant being yur memry. ____18____
____19____.
D yu wrk ut? Have yu always felt like yu perfrm better when yu listen t music? Strange as it might seem, there has actually been a lt f research dne n this subject. And sure enugh, ne study shws that music can increase endurance (耐力) by 15%. ____20____. Hwever, anther study suggests that it’s nt the type f music, but rather the speed f the music—the beats per minute—that matter.
A. Listening t music can imprve endurance.
B. Listening t music can make yu healthier.
C. The fllwings are sme benefits f listening t music fr us humans.
D. One thery is that listening t a classical piece helps yu fcus, which in turn allws yu t persevere lnger.
E. One f my biggest regrets these days is that I never actually tried t learn t play the pian prperly.
F. S if yu’re trubled by a bad memry, learning t play an instrument is smething yu shuld cnsider.
G. S if yu have a hard time dealing with stress, listening t sme classical sngs culd be a gd idea.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. F 19. A 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是听音乐给人们带来的好处。
【16题详解】
根据空前的“Whether yu like Beethven r Mzart, there is ne thing I think we can all agree n: music makes life better.(无论你喜欢贝多芬还是莫扎特，我想有一件事我们都同意:音乐让生活更美好。)”可知，无论听何种音乐都能使我们生活的更好，结合下文中的“Listening t music can reduce stress(听音乐可以减轻压力)”以及“Listening t music can imprve yur memry(听音乐可以提高你的记忆力)”可知，下文中介绍的中听音乐能减轻压力，提高记忆力，由此可知，此空应引出下文介绍的听音乐带给人们的好处，C选项“The fllwings are sme benefits f listening t music fr us humans.(以下是听音乐对我们人类的一些好处。)”承接了空前的内容，同时引出下文介绍的内容，起到承上启下的作用。故选C项。
【17题详解】
根据本段主题句“Listening t music can reduce stress(听音乐可以减轻压力)”可知，本段讲述的为听音乐有助于减轻压力，G选项“S if yu have a hard time dealing with stress, listening t sme classical sngs culd be a gd idea.(所以，如果你很难应对压力，听一些古典歌曲可能是个好主意。)”讲述的是建议有压力时可以听一些古典歌曲，由本段主题吻合，且与空后的“Or listening t a relaxing, classical-style mvie sundtrack can als help yu reduce stress.(或者听一段轻松的、古典风格的电影配乐也能帮助你减轻压力。)”讲述的建议听一段轻松的、古典风格的电影配乐内容一致，符合语境。故选G项。
【18题详解】
根据本段主题句“Listening t music can imprve yur memry(听音乐可以提高你的记忆力)”可知，本段介绍的是听音乐有助于改善记忆力，F选项“S if yu’re trubled by a bad memry, learning t play an instrument is smething yu shuld cnsider.(所以，如果你的记忆力不好，你应该考虑学习一种乐器。)”是建议记忆力不好的可以考虑学习演奏一种乐器，与本段主题吻合。故选F项。
【19题详解】
分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，结合空后的“D yu wrk ut? Have yu always felt like yu perfrm better when yu listen t music? Strange as it might seem, there has actually been a lt f research dne n this subject. And sure enugh, ne study shws that music can increase endurance (耐力) by 15%.(你锻炼身体吗?你是否总觉得自己听音乐时表现得更好?虽然看起来很奇怪，但实际上已经有很多关于这个问题的研究。不出所料，一项研究表明，音乐可以增加15%的耐力。)”可知，研究发现，锻炼时听音乐可以表现更好，音乐可以增加15%的耐力，由此可知，本段主讲述的是听音乐有助于提高耐力，A选项“Listening t music can imprve endurance.(听音乐可以提高耐力。)”讲述的内容与本段内容一致，且概括了本段的主题。故选A项。
【20题详解】
根据空前的“And sure enugh, ne study shws that music can increase endurance (耐力) by 15%.(不出所料，一项研究表明，音乐可以增加15%的耐力。)”可知，研究表明音乐可以提高15%的耐力，结合空后的“Hwever, anther study suggests that it’s nt the type f music, but rather the speed f the music—the beats per minute—that matter.(然而，另一项研究表明，重要的不是音乐的类型，而是音乐的速度——每分钟的节拍。)”可知，此空应与下文内容为转折关系，讲述的是叧一项研究表明重要的不是音乐类型，而是音乐的节拍，由此可知，此空应对空前内容做进一步解释，D选项“One thery is that listening t a classical piece helps yu fcus, which in turn allws yu t persevere lnger.(一种理论是，听古典音乐可以帮助你集中注意力，从而让你坚持更长时间。)”进一步解释了听音乐能提高耐力的原因，承接上文且与空后内容为转折关系，符合逻辑。故选D项。
第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分25分)
第一节：完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分 15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In Eurpe, men d nt usually wear skirts. But the Scttish natinal cstume fr men is a kind f skirt. It is called a kilt. The Scttish like t be ____21____. They are prud f their cuntry and its ____22____ as it is part f the histry. That’s why the men still wear kilts at ld-style dances and n natinal hlidays. They believe they are wearing the same clthes as Scttish men always used t wear.
That’s what they believe. ____23____, kilts are nt really s ld. Befre 1730, Scttish men wre a lng shirt and a ____24____ arund their shulders. These clthes gt ____25____ the way when the men started t wrk in ____26____. S, in 1730 a factry wner changed the blanket int a skirt: the kilt. That’s hw the first kilt was made.
Then, in the late 1700s Scttish sldiers in the ____27____ Army began t wear kilts t be different frm the English sldiers. The Scttish sldiers ____28____ very hard and became famus. The kilt was part f that fame, and in the early 1800s men all rund Sctland began t wear kilts.
These kilts had clrful and ____29____ stripes (条纹) ging up and dwn and acrss. In the 1700s and early1800s, the clur f the stripes had n _____30_____ meaning. But later the clurs became imprtant t the Scttish families. Mst families had their wn clurs fr their kilts. _____31_____, each family just chse the _____32_____ they liked best.
This is nt the _____33_____ yu will hear tday if yu are in Sctland. Mst Scttish peple still _____34_____ that kilts are as ld as Sctland and that the clurs are als as ld as the Scttish families. Smetimes feelings are strnger than _____35_____!
21. A. uniqueB. individualC. classicalD. rmantic
22. A. cstumeB. religinC. landscapeD. currency
23. A. TherefreB. SmehwC. HweverD. Obviusly
24. A. clthB. dressC. scarfD. blanket
25. A. ffB. alngC. inD. n
26. A. studisB. factriesC. fieldsD. rdinary
27. A. ScttishB. IrishC. EurpeanD. British
28. A. battledB. wrkedC. studiedD. quarreled
29. A. virtualB. strikingC. previusD. rdinary
30. A. significantB. inspiringC. satisfactryD. special
31. A. In factB. In generalC. In additinD. In particular
32. A. stripesB. kiltsC. clrsD. styles
33. A. stryB. newsC. custmD. phenmenn
34. A. cnfirmB. believeC. ensureD. annunce
35. A. beliefB. reflectinC. reactinD. facts
【答案】21. A 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍苏格兰短裙的历史。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：苏格兰人喜欢与众不同。A. unique独特的；B. individual个人的；C. classical经典的；D. rmantic浪漫的。根据上文“In Eurpe, men d nt usually wear skirts. But the Scttish natinal cstume fr men is a kind f skirt.”可知，这里提到苏格兰男人穿短裙这件事是与众不同的。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们为自己的国家和服装感到骄傲，因为这是历史的一部分。A. cstume服装；B. religin宗教；C. landscape风景；D. currency货币。根据上文“In Eurpe, men d nt usually wear skirts. But the Scttish natinal cstume fr men is a kind f skirt.”可知，这里指苏格兰男人穿的短裙服装。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，方格呢短裙并没有那么古老。A. Therefre因此；B. Smehw无论如何；C. Hwever然而；D. Obviusly明显地。根据上文“They believe they are wearing the same clthes as Scttish men always used t wear.”和下文“kilts are nt really s ld.”可知，上下文是转折关系。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：1730年以前，苏格兰男人穿长衫，肩上裹一条毯子。A. clth布料；B. dress衣服；C. scarf围巾；D. blanket毯子。根据下文“S, in 1730 a factry wner changed the blanket int a skirt:”可知，1730年以前，苏格兰男人肩上裹着一条毯子。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：当这些人开始在工厂工作时，这些衣服挡住了去路。A. ff脱离；B. alng沿着；C. in在……内部；D. n在……上面。根据下文“S, in 1730a factry wner changed the blanket int a skirt: the kilt.”可知，工厂老板把毯子换成了裙子，应该是以前的衣服碍事了。get in the way“妨碍，挡道”，故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第5题详解。A. studis演播室；B. factries工厂；C. fields田野；D. rdinary普通事。根据下文“in 1730 a factry wner changed the blanket int a skirt: the kilt.”可知，换服装款式的事情发生在工厂里面。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，在18世纪末，英国军队中的苏格兰士兵开始穿苏格兰方格呢短裙，以区别于英国士兵。A. Scttish苏格兰的；B. Irish爱尔兰的；C. Eurpean欧洲的；D. British英国的。根据下文“wear kilts t be different frm the English sldiers”可知，这里应该是指在整个英国军队里面，苏格兰穿的和英国士兵不同，这样才能区别开。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：苏格兰士兵战斗非常艰苦，因而声名鹊起。A. battled战争；B. wrked工作；C. studied学习；D. quarreled争吵。根据上文“Army”可知，在军队里面应该是要打仗的。故选A。
29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些方格呢短裙上下左右都有五颜六色的醒目条纹。A. virtual虚拟的；B. striking引人注目的；C. previus以前的；D. rdinary普通的。根据下文“ging up and dwn and acrss”可知，方格呢短裙上下左右都有条纹，所以应该是很引人注目的。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在18世纪和19世纪初，条纹的颜色没有特殊的意义。A. significant意义重大的；B. inspiring令人鼓舞的；C. satisfactry令人满意的；D. special特别的。根据下文“But later the clurs became imprtant t the Scttish families.”可知，最开始的时候，条纹的颜色应该是没有特殊的意义。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：事实上，每个家庭都选择了他们最喜欢的颜色。A. In fact实际上；B. In general大体上；C. In additin此外；D. In particular尤其。根据上文“Mst families had their wn clurs fr their kilts.”和下文“each family just chse the ____12____ they liked best.”可知，此处指事实上，每个家庭都选择了他们最喜欢的颜色。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第11题详解。A. stripes条纹；B. kilts方格呢短裙；C. clrs颜色；D. styles风格。根据上文“Mst families had their wn clurs fr their kilts.”可知，这里指每个家庭在颜色上的选择。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你在苏格兰，这不是你今天听到的故事。A. stry故事；B. news新闻；C. custm风俗；D. phenmenn现象。根据下文“Mst Scttish peple still ____14____ that kilts are as ld as Sctland and that the clurs are als as ld as the Scttish families.”可知，这里指在苏格兰会听到的关于短裙的看法。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大多数苏格兰人仍然相信方格呢短裙和苏格兰一样古老，颜色也和苏格兰家庭一样古老。A. cnfirm证实；B. believe相信；C. ensure确保；D. annunce通知。根据第一段中“They believe they are wearing the same clthes as Scttish men always used t wear.”可知，苏格兰人相信格呢短裙和苏格兰一样古老。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候感情比事实更强大！A. belief信念；B. reflectin反思；C. reactin反应；D. facts事实。根据上文“That’s what they believe. 3 , kilts are nt really s ld.”可知，苏格兰人相信方格呢短裙和苏格兰一样古老，事实上并不是，故此处指感情比事实更强大。故选D。
非选择题部分
第II卷
第二节 (共10 小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Festivals have a wide range f ____36____ (rigin). Hwever, n matter hw different they may seem, the spirit f ____37____ (share) jy, gratitude, lve, r peace is cmmn.
Of all the traditinal festivals, the harvest festival can be fund in almst every culture, which takes place after all the crps ____38____ (gather) in. Peple celebrate t shw that they are grateful fr the year’s supply f fd. In spite f the fact that custms play ____39____ imprtant rle in festivals, smetimes ____40____ can change ver time. Fr instance, in rder t avid air ____41____ (pllute), a number f big cities have given up the custm f lighting firecrackers during the Spring Festival.
These days, festivals are becming mre and mre ____42____ (cmmerce). Sme peple believe festivals shuld nt be cmmercialised, ____43____ thers think the increase in spending is beneficial t the ecnmy and public happiness.
In a wrd, festivals reflect peple’s wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes ____44____ life. They are ccasins that allw us t relax and enjy life, and help us t understand where we came frm, wh we are, and _____45_____ t appreciate. And if yu study festivals carefully, yu will find different cultures have a lt in cmmn.
【答案】36. rigins
37. sharing
38. have been gathered##are gathered
39. an 40. they
41. pllutin
42. cmmercial
43. while##but
44. t##twards
45. what
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了各种不同的节日的起源，变化以及意义。
【36题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：节日的起源很广泛。根据空前的“a wide range f ”可知，此处应用名词复数，rigin意为“起源”，其复数形式是rgins。故填rigins。
【37题详解】
考查动名词。句意：然而，无论他们看起来多么不同，分享快乐、感激、爱或和平的精神是共同的。空前为介词f，所以此处为动名词作宾语，且表示主动意义。故填sharing。
【38题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：在所有的传统节日中，收获节几乎可以在每一种文化中找到，它发生在所有的庄稼都被收集起来之后。根据句意，此处可理解为动作已经发生，所以使用现在完成时，all the crps与gather之间为被动关系，所以此处使用现在完成时的被动语态，且主语为名词复数，所以填have been gathered；也可以根据上文中的takes place可知，此处应用一般现在时，all the crps与gather是被动关系，应用使用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数形式，所以填are gathered。故填have been gathered/are gathered。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：人们通过庆祝来表达他们对一年的食物供应的感激。此处为固定搭配“play a part in”意为“在……中起作用”，所以此处使用不定冠词，因为imprtant的第一个音素是元音，所以用an。故填an。
【40题详解】
考查代词。句意：尽管习俗在节日中扮演着重要的角色，但有时它们会随着时间的推移而改变。此处为句子的主语，无提示词，所以应为代词，结合句意可知，此处指代的是上文中的custms，所以此处使用人称代词they。故填they。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：例如，为了避免空气污染，一些大城市已经放弃了在春节期间放鞭炮的习俗。此处作动词avid后的宾语，应用名词，动词pllute意为“污染”，其名词是pllutin，且为不可数名词。故填pllutin。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：如今，节日正变得越来越商业化。此空位于系动词becming后，应用形容词，名词cmmerce意为“商业”，其形容词是cmmercial意为“商业的”。故填cmmercial。
【43题详解】
考查连词。句意：一些人认为节日不应该被商业化，但另一些人认为消费的增加有利于经济和公众幸福。空前与空后均为完整的句子结构，所以此处应使用连词连接，结合句意可知，空前和空后的内容为表示对比意义或者转折关系，所以此处使用连词while或者是but。故填while/but。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：总之，节日反映了人们的愿望、信仰、信仰和对生活的态度。结合句意可知，此处表示“对……的态度”，所以使用介词t或者twards。故填t/twards。
【45题详解】
考查疑问词。句意：它们是让我们放松和享受生活的机会，并帮助我们了解我们从哪里来，我们是谁，以及我们应该欣赏什么。该句为“疑问词+t d”结构，不定式appreciate缺少宾语，所以此处使用疑问词what。故填what。
第四部分：写作 (共一节，满分 20分)
46. 假如你是李华，你看到很多人在网上表达了他们对“普及人工智能(AI)”的焦虑，担心人类会过于依赖AI， 针对此观点写篇短文， 内容如下：
1. 赞同或反对这种观点。
2. 说明你赞同或反对的理由。
3. 你认为人类应该如何合理使用人工智能。
注意：
1. 词数100 左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
In my pinin, I dn’t cmpletely agree with thse wh are anxius abut human depending heavily n AI. I believe that the develpment f AI has brught significant benefits t us humanity, but we als need t recgnize its challenges.
As is knwn, AI has already changed the way we live, wrk and study, allwing us t be mre efficient and prductive. Fr example, we can use vice assistants n ur smartphnes t cmplete daily tasks. Hwever, the applicatin f AI can als lead t issues such as data privacy and security cncerns.
Therefre, we shuld use AI in a reasnable way. This includes strengthening the regulatin and cntrl f AI, ensuring its applicatin in the public interest and scial prgress.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。很多人在网上表达了他们对“普及人工智能(AI)”的焦虑，担心人类会过于依赖AI， 要求考生针对此观点写篇短文。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
观点：pinin→view
相信：believe→trust
重要的：significant→imprtant
完成：cmplete→finish
2. 句式拓展
同义句替换
原句：As is knwn, AI has already changed the way we live, wrk and study, allwing us t be mre efficient and prductive.
拓展句：As is knwn, AI has already changed the way we live, wrk, and study, which allws us t be mre efficient and prductive.
【点睛】[高分句型1]In my pinin, I dn’t cmpletely agree with thse wh are anxius abut human depending heavily n AI.(wh引导的定语从句)
[高分句型2]I believe that the develpment f AI has brught significant benefits t us humanity, but we als need t recgnize its challenges.(that引导的宾语从句)
听力答案:1-5 BCABA 6-7 CB 8-9 AB 10-12 CBB 13-15 ACB
高一年级英语学科 试题
考生须知：
1. 本卷共8页, 满分100分, 考试时间100分钟。
2.答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字。
3.所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效。
4. 考试结束后， 只需上交答题纸。
选择题部分
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分 15 分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What des the wman prefer?
A. Cffee B. Tea C. Cld water.
2. Hw many students are there in the girl’s class?
A.15. B.50. C.30.
3. What’s the mst prbable relatinship between the tw speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Husband and wife. C. Bss and emplyee.
4. What will they d next?
A. Buy a bk B. Talk abut a bk. C. Have sme cffee.
5. Hw des the wman sund when talking abut her grade?
A. Disappinted B. Nervus. C. Pleased.
第二节(共 10小题；每小题1分，满分 10分)
听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Hw des the wman prbably feel?
A. Calm. B. Embarrassed. C. Upset.
7. Hw much time d they have befre the play starts?
A. 15 minutes. B. One hur and 15 minutes. C. 45 minutes.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What can be learned frm the cnversatin?
A. Mary enjyed her first day f schl.
B. The classmates are unfriendly.
C. Math class is the shrtest ne.
9. What d we knw abut Mary’s Spanish teacher?
A. She is strict with students.
B She is quite humrus.
C. She is a capable teacher.
听第8段材料, 回答第 10 至 12题。
10. What is the prblem with the lckers?
A. They are almst ut f use.
B. They have all been remved.
C. They are nt being used prperly.
11. What des the man suggest?
A. Increasing the number f the clthes hangers.
B. Making the hangers much strnger in winter.
C. Changing the clthes hangers frequently.
12. Hw des the wman respnd t the man’s wrds?
A. She ignred his advice.
B. She accepted his suggestin.
C. She rejected his argument.
听第9段材料, 回答第 13至 15题。
13. Why is Freethinkers Day celebrated?
A. T encurage and appreciate free thught.
B. T celebrate Thmas Paine’s birthday.
C. T call fr mre wrld changes.
14. What can we learn abut Thmas Paine’s wrks?
A. They are nw used as schlbks.
B. The bk Truthseeker helped end slavery.
C. They helped change scieties acrss the wrld.
15. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. A cmparisn f tw great Americans.
B. The greatness f Thmas Paine.
C. A brief intrductin f Freethinkers Day.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分 40分)
第一节 (共15 小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Lndn Canal Museum
Opening Hurs
The museum is pen frm 10:00 t 16:30 frm Tuesdays t Sundays all the year rund. We clse fr just a few days ver Christmas and New Year. Besides, we are pen n bank hliday Mndays and n the first Thursday f each mnth we pen late until 19:30. The last time t enter the museum is 30 minutes befre clsing time.
Christmas/New Year 2022~2023: We are pen as usual t 23rd December, clsed n 24th, 25th, 26th, 27th and 31st December, 2022. We are pen n Wednesday 28th, Thursday 29th and Friday 30thDecember and n Sunday 1st January, 2023.
Admissin Charges
The admissin charges are as fllws:
·Adults £4.00
Senirs (anyne aged 60 and ver) £3.00
Students (with identity) £3.00
Children aged 5~15 £2.00
·Family £10.00 (2 adults +3 children r 1 adult +4 children)
Children aged 0~4 free
We accept:
·The Lndn Pass
·Railway cmpany 2 fr 1 vuchers (代金券), with the rail ticket
Museums Assciatin members £2.00
English Heritage Members enjy a 2 fr 1 ffer
We accept cash r credit card.
Grups f 10 peple r mre qualify fr special rates and may bk refreshments (点心). Grups f 20r mre can have a free intrductry talk frm a member f staff if pre-bked. We als ffer guided tw-path walks alng the canal fr pre-bked grups at an extra charge. Cntact grups @canalmuseum. rg. uk t bk ahead f time.
1 Hw much will they be charged if a grandfather aged 61 and his grandsn aged 5 visit the museum?
A. £2.00.B. £3.00.C. £4.00.D. £5.00.
2. What shuld we d if we want t be guided t travel alng the canal?
A. Get up early.B. Bk in advance.
C. Buy sme refreshments.D. Set ff n time.
3. What is the purpse f the text?
A. T shw sme advantages f Lndn Canal Museum.
B. T draw mre turists t visit Lndn Canal Museum.
C. T ffer infrmatin abut visiting Lndn Canal Museum.
D. T intrduce smething abut Lndn Canal Museum.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要向游客介绍了参观伦敦运河博物馆所需要了解的一些信息，如开放时间，人场费和一些优惠措施等。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Admissin Charges部分中的“Senirs (anyne aged 60 and ver) £3.00(老年人(60岁及以上)3.00英镑)”以及“Children aged 5~15 £2.00(5~15岁儿童2.00英镑)”可知，60岁及以上的每人3英镑，5——15岁的儿童每人2英镑，所以，一个61岁的祖父和一个5岁的儿童应该收费为5英镑。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据尾段中的“We als ffer guided tw-path walks alng the canal fr pre-bked grups at an extra charge.(我们还为预先预订的团体提供沿着运河的带导游的拖道步行，但需额外付费。)”可知，为预先预定的团体提供导游带领沿着运河游览服务，由此可知，如果要有人带两者沿着运河浏览的话需要提前预定。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据本文的标题“Lndn Canal Museum(伦敦运河博物馆)”以及下文中的“Opening Hurs(开放时间)”、“Admissin Charges(入场费)”、“We accept(我们接受)”以及“Grups f 10 peple r mre qualify fr special rates and may bk refreshments (点心). Grups f 20r mre can have a free intrductry talk frm a member f staff if pre-bked.(10人或以上的团体可享受特价，并可预订茶点。如果提前预订，20人或以上的团体可以免费听取工作人员的介绍。)”等信息可知，本文介绍的是伦敦运河博物馆的开放时间、入场费和一些优惠措施，由此可知，本文主要是向游客提供一些去伦敦运河博物馆参观的相关信息。故选C项。
B
Mst peple have never heard f Tim Berners-Lee. He is nt nearly as rich r famus as Mare Andreessen, wh is the funder f Netscape, r Bill Gates, whse name has becme a well-knwn wrd.
Berners-Lee, wh wrks in a small ffice at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy, is the creatr f the Wrld Wide Web. The creatin f the Web is s imprtant that sme peple cmpare Berners-Lee t Jhann Gutenberg, wh invented printing by mvable type (活字) in the fifteenth century.
Berners-Lee was brn in England in 1955. His parents, wh helped design the wrld’s first cmmercially (商业地) available cmputer, gave him a great lve f mathematics and learning.
In 1980 Berners-Lee went t wrk at CERN, a physics labratry in Geneva, Switzerland, where he had a lt f material t learn quickly. He had a pr memry fr facts and wanted t find a way t help him keep track f things he culdn’t remember. He invented a sftware prgram that allwed him t create a dcument that had links t ther dcuments. He cntinued t develp his idea thrugh the 1980s. He wanted t find a way t cnnect the knwledge and creativity f peple all ver the wrld.
In 1991, his prject became knwn as the Wrld Wide Web. The number f Internet users started t grw quickly. Hwever, Berners-Lee is nt cmpletely happy with the way the We b has develped. He thinks it has becme a passive tl fr s many peple, nt the tl fr creativity that he imagined.
In 1999, Berners-Lee published a bk called Weaving the Web, in which he answers questins he is ften asked: What were yu thinking when yu invented the Web? What d yu think f it nw? Where is the Web ging t take us in the future?
4. Frm Paragraph 1 we can see ________.
A. Tim Berners-Lee has never heard f Netscape.B. Mare Andreesen is as wealthy as Tim Berners-Lee.
C. We knw little abut Tim Berners-Lee.D. Bill Gates is as knwn as Tim Berners-Lee.
5. Why is Jhann Gutenberg mentined in Para. 2?
A. T prve the ppularity f printing.B. T stress the psitin f Berners-Lee.
C. T cnvey peple’s appreciatin fr him.D. T intrduce his inventin f printing.
6. Which can be learned abut Berners-Lee?
A. He was prud f his achievement.B. He was gd at memrizing facts quickly.
C. He was creative and knwledgeable.D. He was prductive in writing bks.
7. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. A Great Inventr-Berners-Lee.B. A Famus Bk-Weaving the Web.
C. A Knwn Prject-Wrld Wide Web.D. A Physics Labratry-CERN.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了万维网的发明者Tim Berners-Lee的个人经历以及成就。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Mst peple have never heard f Tim Berners-Lee. He is nt nearly as rich r famus as Mare Andreessen, wh is the funder f Netscape, r Bill Gates, whse name has becme a well-knwn wrd.(大多数人从未听说过Tim Berners-Lee。他远不如网景的创始人马雷•安德森或比尔•盖茨富有，也不如盖茨出名)”可知，我们对Tim Berners-Lee知之甚少。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Berners-Lee, wh wrks in a small ffice at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy, is the creatr f the Wrld Wide Web. The creatin f the Web is s imprtant that sme peple cmpare Berners-Lee t Jhann Gutenberg, wh invented printing by mvable type (活字) in the fifteenth century.(Tim Berners-Lee在麻省理工学院的一间小办公室里工作，他是万维网的发明者。网络的发明如此重要，以至于有人将Tim Berners-Lee与15世纪发明活字印刷术的约翰·古腾堡相提并论)”可知，第二段提到了约翰·古腾堡是为了强调伯Tim Berners-Lee的立场。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Berners-Lee, wh wrks in a small ffice at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy, is the creatr f the Wrld Wide Web.(Tim Berners-Lee在麻省理工学院的一间小办公室里工作，他是万维网的发明者)”以及第四段“In 1980, Berners-Lee went t wrk at CERN, a physics labratry in Geneva, Switzerland, where he had a lt f material t learn quickly.(1980年，Tim Berners-Lee去了欧洲核子研究中心工作，这是一个位于瑞士日内瓦的物理实验室，在那里他有很多材料需要快速学习)”可知，Tim Berners-Lee有创造力，知识渊博。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Mst peple have never heard f Tim Berners-Lee. He is nt nearly as rich r famus as Mare Andreessen, wh is the funder f Netscape, r Bill Gates, whse name has becme a well-knwn wrd.(大多数人从未听说过Tim Berners-Lee。他远不如网景的创始人马雷•安德森或比尔•盖茨富有，也不如盖茨出名)”结合文章主要介绍了万维网的发明者Tim Berners-Lee的个人经历以及成就。可知，A选项“伟大的发明家——Tim Berners-Lee”最符合文章标题。故选A。
C
Fr sme peple, music is n fun at all. Abut 4% f the ppulatin is what scientists call “amusic”. Peple wh are amusic are brn withut the ability t enjy musical ntes. Amusic peple ften cannt tell the differences between tw sngs.
As a result, sngs sund like nise t an amusic. Many amusics cmpare the sund f music t pieces f metal hitting each ther. Life can be hard fr amusics. In fact, mst peple cannt understand what it feels like t be amusic. Just ging t a restaurant r a shpping center can be uncmfrtable r even painful. That is why many amusics have t stay away frm places where there is music. Hwever, this can result in scial lneliness. “I used t hate parties,” says Margaret, a seventy-year-ld wman wh nly recently discvered that she was amusic. By studying peple like Margaret, scientists are finally learning hw t identify this unusual cnditin.
Scientists say that the brains f amusics are different frm thse f peple wh can enjy music. The difference is cmplex, as it is nt cnnected with pr hearing and has nthing t d with intelligence. Amusics can understand ther nn-musical sunds well. They als have n prblems understanding cmmn speech. Scientists cmpare amusics t peple wh just can’t see certain clrs.
Many amusics are happy when their cnditin is finally diagnsed (诊断). Fr years, Margaret felt embarrassed abut her music prblem. Nw she knws that she is nt alne. That makes it easier fr her t explain. “When peple invite me t a cncert, I just say ‘N, thanks. I’m amusic,’” says Margaret.
8. Amusics are the peple wh ________.
A. have a preference fr music.B. have truble in hearing.
C. have a talent fr musicD. are brn unable t enjy music.
9. Life is hard fr amusics mainly because ________.
A. they fail t understand music.B. they find their nrmal life disturbed.
C. they try t stay at the place full f music.D. they regard music as nise.
10. What des the underlined wrd “cmplex” mean in paragraph 3?
A. Difficult.B. Obvius.C. BasicD. Small.
11. What is the main idea f the passage?
A. Sme peple’s musical ability.B. Sme peple’s inability t enjy music.
C. Amusics’ strange behavirs.D. Diagnsis and treatment f amusics.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了没有音乐欣赏能力的一类人，他们被称为“音盲”。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据首段中的“Peple wh are amusic are brn withut the ability t enjy musical ntes.(有“音盲”的人天生就没有欣赏音符的能力。)”可知，有“音盲”的人天生没有欣赏音符的能力。故选A项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In fact, mst peple cannt understand what it feels like t be amusic. Just ging t a restaurant r a shpping center can be uncmfrtable r even painful. That is why many amusics have t stay away frm places where there is music. Hwever, this can result in scial lneliness.(事实上，大多数人无法理解成为一名音盲是什么感觉。只是去餐馆或购物中心可能会感到不舒服甚至痛苦。这就是为什么许多音盲必须远离有音乐的地方。此外，这可能会导致社交孤独。)”可知，有音盲的人是无法被人理解的，而且他们去参观或者购物中心都会不舒服甚至是痛苦，这还可能会导致社交孤独，由此可知，他们正常的生活可能受到影响，由此可知，有音盲的人生活艰难主要是因为他们的正常生活受到了干扰。故选B项。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线单词前的“Scientists say that the brains f amusics are different frm thse f peple wh can enjy music.(科学家们说，音盲的大脑与能欣赏音乐的人的大脑不同。)”可知，科学家发现，音盲的大脑与能欣赏音乐的人的大脑不同，结合划线单词后的“as it is nt cnnected with pr hearing and has nthing t d with intelligence.(因为它与听力差无关，也与智力无关。)”可知，这种差异与听力差和智力均无关系，结合下文中的“Amusics can understand ther nn-musical sunds well. They als have n prblems understanding cmmn speech. (音盲可以很好地理解其他非音乐性的声音。他们在理解普通语言方面也没有问题。)”可知，音盲也能理解其他非音乐声音，而且理解普通语言也没有问题，综合以上信息可知，这种差异是难以理解的，所以划线单词的意思与“难理解的”意义相近。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Abut 4% f the ppulatin is what scientists call “amusic”. Peple wh are amusic are brn withut the ability t enjy musical ntes. Amusic peple ften cannt tell the differences between tw sngs.(大约4% 的人口是科学家所说的“音盲”。音盲的人生来就没有欣赏音符的能力。音盲常常分辨不出两首歌之间的区别。)”以及下文中介绍的音盲带来的影响、音盲的大脑与其他能欣赏音乐的人的大脑的差异分析和对音盲的诊断给音盲者带来的快乐可知，本文主要介绍了没有音乐欣赏能力的一类人，他们被称为“音盲”，文章就这类人的特点展开介绍。故选B项。
D
Earlier this mnth, TikTk annunced that it will be intrducing screen time limits fr the accunts f users aged under 18. Children under 13 will require a parent r guardian t type in a passwrd t cntinue scrlling (滚屏) thrugh their feed, and thse aged 13-17 will be asked t set their wn passwrd s when the viewing time ges beynd the limit.
Studies suggest that 30 minutes may be the best fr scial media use, where users are able t stay cnnected with friends and family and view entertainment. Hwever, many ther studies shw that verly-heavy scial media use can lead t a lt f prblems, like physical and mental prblems.
By suggesting 100 minutes as a hard line where a passwrd is required t be created by the user, TikTk is gradually making the standards clear abut what may be regarded as a prblematic scial media habit in yung peple. Althugh these passwrds fr lder teenagers can bviusly be bypassed, they are a step in the right directin in encuraging children t use scial media respnsibly.
In additin, parents wh wn their wn TikTk accunts will be able t link with their children’s accunts, gaining additinal cntrls, such as muting ntificatins (消息免打扰) and custmizing time limits fr different days in the week.
Algrithms (算法) that culd tell parents if the child has been viewing dangerus material culd sn be put int use. Hwever, the difficulty in this is the amunt f cntent available n the internet. Finally, apps such as TikTk and Instagram will need t cntinue intrducing mre measures t imprve nline safety fr children.
Lawmakers arund the wrld are paying clse attentin t the effect scial media has n the yung, meaning that the develpment f new tls t imprve its use will n dubt take place sn if big tech wishes t avid additinal legal prblems.
12. Why did TikTk intrduce screen time limits fr teenagers?
A. T prevent their veruse f scial media.B. T imprve nline safety.
C. T strengthen their relatinship with parents.D. T develp their ability f self-cntrl.
13. What’s the authr’s attitude twards TikTk’s new plicy?
A. Indifferent.B. Critical.C. Supprtive.D. Unclear.
14. What can parents d t help children use scial media respnsibly?
A. Type in a passwrd t stp the use.B. Get cnnected t the children’s accunt.
C. Set the same time limits in a week.D. Use algrithms t remve dangerus cntent.
15. What des the last paragraph mainly talk abut scial media?
A. Its impacts n the yung.B. Slutins t its technlgical prblems.
C. Its applicatin t lawmaking.D. Legal pressure n its imprvement.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本月早些时候，抖音宣布将对18岁以下用户的账户设置屏幕使用时间限制。改善社交媒体使用的新工具的开发无疑将很快展开。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Studies suggest that 30 minutes may be the best fr scial media use, where users are able t stay cnnected with friends and family and view entertainment. Hwever, many ther studies shw that verly-heavy scial media use can lead t a lt f prblems, like physical and mental prblems.(研究表明，30分钟可能是使用社交媒体的最佳时间，在这段时间里，用户可以与朋友和家人保持联系，并观看娱乐节目。然而，许多其他研究表明，过度使用社交媒体会导致很多问题，比如身体和精神问题)”可知，TikTk会对青少年设置屏幕时间限制是为了防止过度使用社交媒体。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Althugh these passwrds fr lder teenagers can bviusly be bypassed, they are a step in the right directin in encuraging children t use scial media respnsibly.(虽然年龄较大的青少年显然可以绕过这些密码，但这是鼓励孩子们负责任地使用社交媒体的正确方向)”可知，作者对TikTk的新政策持支持态度。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“In additin, parents wh wn their wn TikTk accunts will be able t link with their children’s accunts, gaining additinal cntrls, such as muting ntificatins (消息免打扰) and custmizing time limits fr different days in the week.(此外，拥有自己的抖音帐户的父母将能够与孩子的帐户链接，获得额外的控制，例如静音通知和定制一周中不同日子的时间限制)”可知，父母可以通过自己的账户设定时间限制来帮助孩子负责任地使用社交媒体。故选B。
15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Lawmakers arund the wrld are paying clse attentin t the effect scial media has n the yung, meaning that the develpment f new tls t imprve its use will n dubt take place sn if big tech wishes t avid additinal legal prblems.(世界各地的立法者都在密切关注社交媒体对年轻人的影响，这意味着，如果大型科技公司希望避免更多的法律问题，改善社交媒体使用的新工具的开发无疑将很快展开)”可知，关于社交媒体，最后一段主要讲了对其改进的法律压力。故选D。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分 10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Benefits f Listening t Music
Whether yu like Beethven r Mzart, there is ne thing I think we can all agree n: music makes life better. ____16____.
Listening t music can reduce stress
A lt f us may turn t relaxing music when we are feeling stressed r tired. A recent research shws that slw, quiet classical music is suggested t have the mst exciting effect. ____17____. Or listening t a relaxing, classical-style mvie sundtrack can als help yu reduce stress.
Listening t music can imprve yur memry
The interesting part abut the research is that it shws music helps yur brain develp in many areas, ne f the mst imprtant being yur memry. ____18____
____19____.
D yu wrk ut? Have yu always felt like yu perfrm better when yu listen t music? Strange as it might seem, there has actually been a lt f research dne n this subject. And sure enugh, ne study shws that music can increase endurance (耐力) by 15%. ____20____. Hwever, anther study suggests that it’s nt the type f music, but rather the speed f the music—the beats per minute—that matter.
A. Listening t music can imprve endurance.
B. Listening t music can make yu healthier.
C. The fllwings are sme benefits f listening t music fr us humans.
D. One thery is that listening t a classical piece helps yu fcus, which in turn allws yu t persevere lnger.
E. One f my biggest regrets these days is that I never actually tried t learn t play the pian prperly.
F. S if yu’re trubled by a bad memry, learning t play an instrument is smething yu shuld cnsider.
G. S if yu have a hard time dealing with stress, listening t sme classical sngs culd be a gd idea.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. F 19. A 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是听音乐给人们带来的好处。
【16题详解】
根据空前的“Whether yu like Beethven r Mzart, there is ne thing I think we can all agree n: music makes life better.(无论你喜欢贝多芬还是莫扎特，我想有一件事我们都同意:音乐让生活更美好。)”可知，无论听何种音乐都能使我们生活的更好，结合下文中的“Listening t music can reduce stress(听音乐可以减轻压力)”以及“Listening t music can imprve yur memry(听音乐可以提高你的记忆力)”可知，下文中介绍的中听音乐能减轻压力，提高记忆力，由此可知，此空应引出下文介绍的听音乐带给人们的好处，C选项“The fllwings are sme benefits f listening t music fr us humans.(以下是听音乐对我们人类的一些好处。)”承接了空前的内容，同时引出下文介绍的内容，起到承上启下的作用。故选C项。
【17题详解】
根据本段主题句“Listening t music can reduce stress(听音乐可以减轻压力)”可知，本段讲述的为听音乐有助于减轻压力，G选项“S if yu have a hard time dealing with stress, listening t sme classical sngs culd be a gd idea.(所以，如果你很难应对压力，听一些古典歌曲可能是个好主意。)”讲述的是建议有压力时可以听一些古典歌曲，由本段主题吻合，且与空后的“Or listening t a relaxing, classical-style mvie sundtrack can als help yu reduce stress.(或者听一段轻松的、古典风格的电影配乐也能帮助你减轻压力。)”讲述的建议听一段轻松的、古典风格的电影配乐内容一致，符合语境。故选G项。
【18题详解】
根据本段主题句“Listening t music can imprve yur memry(听音乐可以提高你的记忆力)”可知，本段介绍的是听音乐有助于改善记忆力，F选项“S if yu’re trubled by a bad memry, learning t play an instrument is smething yu shuld cnsider.(所以，如果你的记忆力不好，你应该考虑学习一种乐器。)”是建议记忆力不好的可以考虑学习演奏一种乐器，与本段主题吻合。故选F项。
【19题详解】
分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，结合空后的“D yu wrk ut? Have yu always felt like yu perfrm better when yu listen t music? Strange as it might seem, there has actually been a lt f research dne n this subject. And sure enugh, ne study shws that music can increase endurance (耐力) by 15%.(你锻炼身体吗?你是否总觉得自己听音乐时表现得更好?虽然看起来很奇怪，但实际上已经有很多关于这个问题的研究。不出所料，一项研究表明，音乐可以增加15%的耐力。)”可知，研究发现，锻炼时听音乐可以表现更好，音乐可以增加15%的耐力，由此可知，本段主讲述的是听音乐有助于提高耐力，A选项“Listening t music can imprve endurance.(听音乐可以提高耐力。)”讲述的内容与本段内容一致，且概括了本段的主题。故选A项。
【20题详解】
根据空前的“And sure enugh, ne study shws that music can increase endurance (耐力) by 15%.(不出所料，一项研究表明，音乐可以增加15%的耐力。)”可知，研究表明音乐可以提高15%的耐力，结合空后的“Hwever, anther study suggests that it’s nt the type f music, but rather the speed f the music—the beats per minute—that matter.(然而，另一项研究表明，重要的不是音乐的类型，而是音乐的速度——每分钟的节拍。)”可知，此空应与下文内容为转折关系，讲述的是叧一项研究表明重要的不是音乐类型，而是音乐的节拍，由此可知，此空应对空前内容做进一步解释，D选项“One thery is that listening t a classical piece helps yu fcus, which in turn allws yu t persevere lnger.(一种理论是，听古典音乐可以帮助你集中注意力，从而让你坚持更长时间。)”进一步解释了听音乐能提高耐力的原因，承接上文且与空后内容为转折关系，符合逻辑。故选D项。
第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分25分)
第一节：完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分 15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In Eurpe, men d nt usually wear skirts. But the Scttish natinal cstume fr men is a kind f skirt. It is called a kilt. The Scttish like t be ____21____. They are prud f their cuntry and its ____22____ as it is part f the histry. That’s why the men still wear kilts at ld-style dances and n natinal hlidays. They believe they are wearing the same clthes as Scttish men always used t wear.
That’s what they believe. ____23____, kilts are nt really s ld. Befre 1730, Scttish men wre a lng shirt and a ____24____ arund their shulders. These clthes gt ____25____ the way when the men started t wrk in ____26____. S, in 1730 a factry wner changed the blanket int a skirt: the kilt. That’s hw the first kilt was made.
Then, in the late 1700s Scttish sldiers in the ____27____ Army began t wear kilts t be different frm the English sldiers. The Scttish sldiers ____28____ very hard and became famus. The kilt was part f that fame, and in the early 1800s men all rund Sctland began t wear kilts.
These kilts had clrful and ____29____ stripes (条纹) ging up and dwn and acrss. In the 1700s and early1800s, the clur f the stripes had n _____30_____ meaning. But later the clurs became imprtant t the Scttish families. Mst families had their wn clurs fr their kilts. _____31_____, each family just chse the _____32_____ they liked best.
This is nt the _____33_____ yu will hear tday if yu are in Sctland. Mst Scttish peple still _____34_____ that kilts are as ld as Sctland and that the clurs are als as ld as the Scttish families. Smetimes feelings are strnger than _____35_____!
21. A. uniqueB. individualC. classicalD. rmantic
22. A. cstumeB. religinC. landscapeD. currency
23. A. TherefreB. SmehwC. HweverD. Obviusly
24. A. clthB. dressC. scarfD. blanket
25. A. ffB. alngC. inD. n
26. A. studisB. factriesC. fieldsD. rdinary
27. A. ScttishB. IrishC. EurpeanD. British
28. A. battledB. wrkedC. studiedD. quarreled
29. A. virtualB. strikingC. previusD. rdinary
30. A. significantB. inspiringC. satisfactryD. special
31. A. In factB. In generalC. In additinD. In particular
32. A. stripesB. kiltsC. clrsD. styles
33. A. stryB. newsC. custmD. phenmenn
34. A. cnfirmB. believeC. ensureD. annunce
35. A. beliefB. reflectinC. reactinD. facts
【答案】21. A 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍苏格兰短裙的历史。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：苏格兰人喜欢与众不同。A. unique独特的；B. individual个人的；C. classical经典的；D. rmantic浪漫的。根据上文“In Eurpe, men d nt usually wear skirts. But the Scttish natinal cstume fr men is a kind f skirt.”可知，这里提到苏格兰男人穿短裙这件事是与众不同的。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们为自己的国家和服装感到骄傲，因为这是历史的一部分。A. cstume服装；B. religin宗教；C. landscape风景；D. currency货币。根据上文“In Eurpe, men d nt usually wear skirts. But the Scttish natinal cstume fr men is a kind f skirt.”可知，这里指苏格兰男人穿的短裙服装。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，方格呢短裙并没有那么古老。A. Therefre因此；B. Smehw无论如何；C. Hwever然而；D. Obviusly明显地。根据上文“They believe they are wearing the same clthes as Scttish men always used t wear.”和下文“kilts are nt really s ld.”可知，上下文是转折关系。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：1730年以前，苏格兰男人穿长衫，肩上裹一条毯子。A. clth布料；B. dress衣服；C. scarf围巾；D. blanket毯子。根据下文“S, in 1730 a factry wner changed the blanket int a skirt:”可知，1730年以前，苏格兰男人肩上裹着一条毯子。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：当这些人开始在工厂工作时，这些衣服挡住了去路。A. ff脱离；B. alng沿着；C. in在……内部；D. n在……上面。根据下文“S, in 1730a factry wner changed the blanket int a skirt: the kilt.”可知，工厂老板把毯子换成了裙子，应该是以前的衣服碍事了。get in the way“妨碍，挡道”，故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第5题详解。A. studis演播室；B. factries工厂；C. fields田野；D. rdinary普通事。根据下文“in 1730 a factry wner changed the blanket int a skirt: the kilt.”可知，换服装款式的事情发生在工厂里面。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，在18世纪末，英国军队中的苏格兰士兵开始穿苏格兰方格呢短裙，以区别于英国士兵。A. Scttish苏格兰的；B. Irish爱尔兰的；C. Eurpean欧洲的；D. British英国的。根据下文“wear kilts t be different frm the English sldiers”可知，这里应该是指在整个英国军队里面，苏格兰穿的和英国士兵不同，这样才能区别开。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：苏格兰士兵战斗非常艰苦，因而声名鹊起。A. battled战争；B. wrked工作；C. studied学习；D. quarreled争吵。根据上文“Army”可知，在军队里面应该是要打仗的。故选A。
29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些方格呢短裙上下左右都有五颜六色的醒目条纹。A. virtual虚拟的；B. striking引人注目的；C. previus以前的；D. rdinary普通的。根据下文“ging up and dwn and acrss”可知，方格呢短裙上下左右都有条纹，所以应该是很引人注目的。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在18世纪和19世纪初，条纹的颜色没有特殊的意义。A. significant意义重大的；B. inspiring令人鼓舞的；C. satisfactry令人满意的；D. special特别的。根据下文“But later the clurs became imprtant t the Scttish families.”可知，最开始的时候，条纹的颜色应该是没有特殊的意义。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：事实上，每个家庭都选择了他们最喜欢的颜色。A. In fact实际上；B. In general大体上；C. In additin此外；D. In particular尤其。根据上文“Mst families had their wn clurs fr their kilts.”和下文“each family just chse the ____12____ they liked best.”可知，此处指事实上，每个家庭都选择了他们最喜欢的颜色。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第11题详解。A. stripes条纹；B. kilts方格呢短裙；C. clrs颜色；D. styles风格。根据上文“Mst families had their wn clurs fr their kilts.”可知，这里指每个家庭在颜色上的选择。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你在苏格兰，这不是你今天听到的故事。A. stry故事；B. news新闻；C. custm风俗；D. phenmenn现象。根据下文“Mst Scttish peple still ____14____ that kilts are as ld as Sctland and that the clurs are als as ld as the Scttish families.”可知，这里指在苏格兰会听到的关于短裙的看法。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大多数苏格兰人仍然相信方格呢短裙和苏格兰一样古老，颜色也和苏格兰家庭一样古老。A. cnfirm证实；B. believe相信；C. ensure确保；D. annunce通知。根据第一段中“They believe they are wearing the same clthes as Scttish men always used t wear.”可知，苏格兰人相信格呢短裙和苏格兰一样古老。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候感情比事实更强大！A. belief信念；B. reflectin反思；C. reactin反应；D. facts事实。根据上文“That’s what they believe. 3 , kilts are nt really s ld.”可知，苏格兰人相信方格呢短裙和苏格兰一样古老，事实上并不是，故此处指感情比事实更强大。故选D。
非选择题部分
第II卷
第二节 (共10 小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Festivals have a wide range f ____36____ (rigin). Hwever, n matter hw different they may seem, the spirit f ____37____ (share) jy, gratitude, lve, r peace is cmmn.
Of all the traditinal festivals, the harvest festival can be fund in almst every culture, which takes place after all the crps ____38____ (gather) in. Peple celebrate t shw that they are grateful fr the year’s supply f fd. In spite f the fact that custms play ____39____ imprtant rle in festivals, smetimes ____40____ can change ver time. Fr instance, in rder t avid air ____41____ (pllute), a number f big cities have given up the custm f lighting firecrackers during the Spring Festival.
These days, festivals are becming mre and mre ____42____ (cmmerce). Sme peple believe festivals shuld nt be cmmercialised, ____43____ thers think the increase in spending is beneficial t the ecnmy and public happiness.
In a wrd, festivals reflect peple’s wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes ____44____ life. They are ccasins that allw us t relax and enjy life, and help us t understand where we came frm, wh we are, and _____45_____ t appreciate. And if yu study festivals carefully, yu will find different cultures have a lt in cmmn.
【答案】36. rigins
37. sharing
38. have been gathered##are gathered
39. an 40. they
41. pllutin
42. cmmercial
43. while##but
44. t##twards
45. what
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了各种不同的节日的起源，变化以及意义。
【36题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：节日的起源很广泛。根据空前的“a wide range f ”可知，此处应用名词复数，rigin意为“起源”，其复数形式是rgins。故填rigins。
【37题详解】
考查动名词。句意：然而，无论他们看起来多么不同，分享快乐、感激、爱或和平的精神是共同的。空前为介词f，所以此处为动名词作宾语，且表示主动意义。故填sharing。
【38题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：在所有的传统节日中，收获节几乎可以在每一种文化中找到，它发生在所有的庄稼都被收集起来之后。根据句意，此处可理解为动作已经发生，所以使用现在完成时，all the crps与gather之间为被动关系，所以此处使用现在完成时的被动语态，且主语为名词复数，所以填have been gathered；也可以根据上文中的takes place可知，此处应用一般现在时，all the crps与gather是被动关系，应用使用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数形式，所以填are gathered。故填have been gathered/are gathered。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：人们通过庆祝来表达他们对一年的食物供应的感激。此处为固定搭配“play a part in”意为“在……中起作用”，所以此处使用不定冠词，因为imprtant的第一个音素是元音，所以用an。故填an。
【40题详解】
考查代词。句意：尽管习俗在节日中扮演着重要的角色，但有时它们会随着时间的推移而改变。此处为句子的主语，无提示词，所以应为代词，结合句意可知，此处指代的是上文中的custms，所以此处使用人称代词they。故填they。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：例如，为了避免空气污染，一些大城市已经放弃了在春节期间放鞭炮的习俗。此处作动词avid后的宾语，应用名词，动词pllute意为“污染”，其名词是pllutin，且为不可数名词。故填pllutin。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：如今，节日正变得越来越商业化。此空位于系动词becming后，应用形容词，名词cmmerce意为“商业”，其形容词是cmmercial意为“商业的”。故填cmmercial。
【43题详解】
考查连词。句意：一些人认为节日不应该被商业化，但另一些人认为消费的增加有利于经济和公众幸福。空前与空后均为完整的句子结构，所以此处应使用连词连接，结合句意可知，空前和空后的内容为表示对比意义或者转折关系，所以此处使用连词while或者是but。故填while/but。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：总之，节日反映了人们的愿望、信仰、信仰和对生活的态度。结合句意可知，此处表示“对……的态度”，所以使用介词t或者twards。故填t/twards。
【45题详解】
考查疑问词。句意：它们是让我们放松和享受生活的机会，并帮助我们了解我们从哪里来，我们是谁，以及我们应该欣赏什么。该句为“疑问词+t d”结构，不定式appreciate缺少宾语，所以此处使用疑问词what。故填what。
第四部分：写作 (共一节，满分 20分)
46. 假如你是李华，你看到很多人在网上表达了他们对“普及人工智能(AI)”的焦虑，担心人类会过于依赖AI， 针对此观点写篇短文， 内容如下：
1. 赞同或反对这种观点。
2. 说明你赞同或反对的理由。
3. 你认为人类应该如何合理使用人工智能。
注意：
1. 词数100 左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
In my pinin, I dn’t cmpletely agree with thse wh are anxius abut human depending heavily n AI. I believe that the develpment f AI has brught significant benefits t us humanity, but we als need t recgnize its challenges.
As is knwn, AI has already changed the way we live, wrk and study, allwing us t be mre efficient and prductive. Fr example, we can use vice assistants n ur smartphnes t cmplete daily tasks. Hwever, the applicatin f AI can als lead t issues such as data privacy and security cncerns.
Therefre, we shuld use AI in a reasnable way. This includes strengthening the regulatin and cntrl f AI, ensuring its applicatin in the public interest and scial prgress.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。很多人在网上表达了他们对“普及人工智能(AI)”的焦虑，担心人类会过于依赖AI， 要求考生针对此观点写篇短文。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
观点：pinin→view
相信：believe→trust
重要的：significant→imprtant
完成：cmplete→finish
2. 句式拓展
同义句替换
原句：As is knwn, AI has already changed the way we live, wrk and study, allwing us t be mre efficient and prductive.
拓展句：As is knwn, AI has already changed the way we live, wrk, and study, which allws us t be mre efficient and prductive.
【点睛】[高分句型1]In my pinin, I dn’t cmpletely agree with thse wh are anxius abut human depending heavily n AI.(wh引导的定语从句)
[高分句型2]I believe that the develpment f AI has brught significant benefits t us humanity, but we als need t recgnize its challenges.(that引导的宾语从句)
听力答案:1-5 BCABA 6-7 CB 8-9 AB 10-12 CBB 13-15 ACB
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