湖南省长沙市第一中学2024届高三下学期月考（七）英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份湖南省长沙市第一中学2024届高三下学期月考（七）英语试卷(含答案)，共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
It’s nt like anywhere else I’ve been t: readers’ favurite cities.
Blgna, Italy
When I picture Blgna, it’s always bathed in glden-hur light that makes its rust-red walls glw. But what lies beneath the surface bewitches (迷人) just as much. Explring the small and distinctive museums f the university reveals ancient curtyards. Diving int hidden drs and arches leads t secrets-r fd. Music and debate liven evenings in the main square. On my last trip I watched lcals in impassined discussin, taking turns n stls (凳子) in Piazza Maggire. Nt trusting my Italian, I declined an invitatin t cntribute, but gladly accepted the cherries shared amng the crwd.
Sibhan Maher
Melilla, Spain/Nrth Africa
Melilla, n Mrcc’s nrthern cast, is a relic f Spain’s clnial past with a character determined by its gegraphy. Facing the Mediterranean n ne side and the Rif muntains n the ther, and surrunded by a terrifying brder fence, it is definitively multicultural, with Christian, Muslim, Jewish and Hindu cmmunities living side by side with a large frce f Spanish sldiers. The cityscape is equally diverse: streets f small Mrccan huses give way t wide avenues lined with “art dec” marvels; it’s even hme t Africa’s nly genuine Gthic church.
Digby Warde-Aldam
Padua, Italy
Padua is full f fascinating places t see. Saint Anthny’s Basilica, with a magnificent silver sarcphagus (石棺) husing the saint’s bdy, easily rivals (媲美) Saint Peter’s in Rme. The nearby btanical gardens, filled with plants and flwers, are a delightful way t pass a few hurs. In the mrning, hit Piazza della Frutta and Piazza delle Erbe, fr buzzy markets selling everything frm strawberries t sneakers, r pp int the Palazz della Ragine with its impressive fresces (壁画). At night, bth squares becme pen-air bars and restaurants fr sampling lcal cuisine. If yu have time fr a day trip, Verna and Venice are less than an hur away by train.
Berni G
1．What did Sibhan Maher d in Blgna?
A. She drew landscape paintings.B. She wandered in ld curtyards.
C. She participated in heated debate.D. She bught hand-picked cherries.
2．What d we knw abut Melilla accrding t Digby?
A. It basts the largest Gthic church.B. It is the center f Mrccan culture.
C. It is brdered by the Mediterranean.D. It is a histrical city in Eurpean cntinent.
3．What d Blgna and Padua have in cmmn accrding t the text?
A. Lively night life.B. Splendid gardens.
C. Open-air music cncerts.D. Cnvenient transprtatin.
One Saturday in June, I gt ff the train frm Vienna at Altenberg statin, in the midst f a gathering f bathers, such as ften flck t ur village at fine weekends.
I had gne nly a few steps alng the street and the crwd had nt yet scattered when, high abve me in the air, I saw a bird whse species I culd nt at first determine. It flew with slw, measured wing-beats, varied at set intervals by lnger perids f gliding. It seemed t heavy t be a hawk; fr a strk (鹳), it was nt big enugh and, even at that height, neck and feet shuld have been visible. Then the bird made a sudden turn s that the setting sun shne fr a secnd full n the underside f the great wings which lit up like stars in the blue f the skies. The bird was white. By Heaven, it was my cckat (凤头鹦鹉)! The steady mvements f his wings clearly indicated that he was setting ut n a lng-distance flight.
“What shuld I d? Shuld I call t the bird?” Well, have yu ever heard the flight-call f the greater cckat? N? But yu have prbably heard pig-killing in the traditinal methd. Imagine the ludest lng cry a pig culd make, picked up by a micrphne and amplified many times ver by a pwerful speaker. A man can imitate it quite successfully, thugh smewhat weak, by shuting at the tp f his vice “O-ah”. I had already prved that the cckat understd this imitatin and prmptly “came t heel”. But wuld it wrk at such a height? A bird always has great difficulty in making the decisin t fly dwnwards at a steep angle. T yell, r nt t yell, that was the questin. If I yelled and the bird came dwn, all wuld be well, but what if it sailed calmly n thrugh the cluds? Hw wuld I then explain my sng t the crwd f peple?
Finally, I did yell. The peple arund me std still, rted t the spt. The bird hesitated fr a mment n utstretched wings, and then, flding them, it descended in ne dive and landed upn my utstretched arm. Once again I was master f the situatin.
4．What was the authr’s cckat like?
A. It lked like a hawk.B. It was blue and shiny.
C. Its neck and feet were lng.D. It was white with great wings.
5．Hw did the authr signal t his cckat?
A. By waving at it quickly.B. By singing a sng ludly.
C. By screaming his head ff.D. By using a pwerful ludspeaker.
6．What des the underlined part “came t heel” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Flew abut.B. Came back.
C. Came arund.D. Landed n the grund.
7．Which can be inferred abut the authr frm the text?
A. He knew birds very well.B. He culd speak with his bird.
C. He liked shwing ff in public.D. He ften surprised peple arund him.
Fr the perfect cup f tea, des ne add milk t biling water, r the ppsite? Neither, based n a new research in the jurnal Current Bilgy. What must be prepared first, instead, are the micrbes(微生物).
Previus studies have shwn that the presence f the right micrbes can enhance the absrptin f critical nutrients like irn, phsphrus (磷) and nitrgen (氮).
Tea experts Wei Xin and Wenxin Tang at Fujian Agriculture and Frestry University in China were attracted by it because tea plants rely upn nitrgen-rich ammnium (铵)in the sil arund their rts t prduce theanine, an amin acid (氨基酸) that generates their special pleasant flavrs. Cllecting the rts and leaves f 17 different tea types at different times f year, Dr Xin and Dr Tang fund that theanine prductin varied widely, even amng similar teas. Sme highly valued lng teas, such as Rugui, prduced a lt f the cmpund, whereas thers, such as Maxie, prduced less.
After grwing these tw types under identical cnditins, the researchers cllected sil samples and used genetic analysis t identify which micrbes were present arund the rts. The micrbes f the tw were very different. Crucially, Rugui had mre micrbes assciated with nitrgen than did Maxie. Cnsequently, Rugui als shwed a greater ability t absrb nitrgen frm ammnium in the sil. These differences were particularly clear in the autumn, when the rts were accumulating theanine.
T explre further, the researchers created a cmmunity f micrbes that resembled the cmmunity fund arund autumnal Rugui rts and applied them t the rts f Maxie plants. They reprt that this nt nly enhanced rt grwth in Maxie seedlings by giving them a nitrgen bst, but als nearly tripled the theanine in the leaves.
Flavrs aside, what they fund has the ptential t make a wider envirnmental impact. Mst farmers add sme frm f nitrgen t their sil t enhance grwth. While sme f this is absrbed by plants, mst runs ff during heavy rains and ends up plluting natural water bdies. When the researchers applied their micrbial mixture t sil, they fund that, just as with Maxie, the newcmers enhanced nitrgen uptake. This suggests that these micrbes have the ptential t create new flavrs while als reducing agricultural pllutin. That shuld be everyne’s cup f tea.
8．Which is the key factr in enhancing tea’s flavr?
A. Irn.B. Phsphrus.C. Theanine.D. Oxygen.
9．Why are Rugui and Maxie grwn in the research?
A. T set an example.B. T make a cmparisn.
C. T prve a cnclusin.D. T attract Chinese readers.
10．Based n the text, which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A. Nitrgen is cmmnly used in agriculture.
B. Tea has mre health benefits than expected.
C. When t add milk t a cup f tea is unknwn.
D. Maxie can taste like Rugui after imprvement.
11．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Tea and its flavrB. Micrbes and tea
C. Tea’s new benefitsD. Everyne’s cup f tea
Rmantic attachment is ne f the best predictrs f happiness that scial scientists have identified. Fr example, my review f the General Scial Survey finds that althugh 27 percent f married Americans said they were “very happy” with their lives, nly 11 percent f thse respndents wh were never married, divrced, separated, r widwed answered this way. And research in the Jurnal f Research in Persnality has shwn that marriage can prtect happiness in adulthd.
These findings may help explain the well-dcumented decline in American happiness, especially amng yung adults. The percentage f adults wh are currently married has fallen frm almst 70 in 1960 t abut 50 tday. The slutin t the happiness deficit (赤字) — fr the natin as well as amng individuals — is simply t encurage mre peple t pair ff. Hwever, a clser lk at the singles trend suggests that the prblem is nt a lack f available partners, but that yung adults may unintentinally be aviding rmantic attachment.
Psychlgists cmmnly measure the health f attachment thrugh tw dimensins: anxiety and avidance the latter meaning a resistance t intimacy (亲密). T scre lwer n each dimensin is better. An insecure bnd can invlve smene being anxius but nt avidant, avidant but nt anxius, r bth, while secure attachment is n the ther hand. Unfrtunately, insecure attachment is becming mre and mre cmmn. Over the past tw decades, successive grups f studied cllege students have shwn an increasing likelihd f experiencing ne f the insecure styles. One particular insecure style-avidance-is assciated with a greater preference fr singlehd. That tells us that the underlying prblem is chiefly ne f greater avidance.
The ppularity f avidant attachment is a mre reasnable explanatin fr the increase in unhappiness amng yung adults than their simply being uncupled. After all, we als knw that singlehd can make sme peple happier, and that a bad rmantic partnership is clearly wrse than n relatinship at all. But in cntrast t that mixed picture, many studies shw that avidant attachment is assciated with lwer satisfactin with life.
S what is causing this mass rmantic avidance? Tw psychlgists prvided clues in a paper published in 2022 that was based n surveys f university students in Cyprus, including what led them t prefer being single. Strngly predictive f singledm, the researchers fund, was nt nly a preccupatin with wrk and career but als the wide spread f s-called Dark Triad(narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychpathy). In ther wrds, peple may avid rmantic cmmitment if they are especially self-centered r wrk-fcused.
12．What des the authr think f the slutin t happiness decline?
A. It hits the target.B. It barks up the wrng tree.
C. It cuts t the chase.D. It gets t the bttm.
13．What is secure attachment like accrding t the psychlgists?
A. It is anxius but nt intimate.B. It is bth intimate and anxius.
C. It is neither anxius nr avidant.D. It is neither anxius nr intimate.
14．What is paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A. The benefits f rmantic partnership.
B. The ppularity f insecure attachment.
C. The explanatin fr avidant attachment.
D. The cause fr declining happiness amng yung adults.
15．In the last paragraph, tw psychlgists fund singledm was als prbably assciated with _____.
A. pressure f jb huntingB. level f educatin
C. different ccupatinsD. persnal characteristics
二、七选五
16．Ask anyne hw they’re feeling these days and chances are that they’ll reply with sme versin f “exhausted”. We’re tired f perating amid uncertainty. We’re tired f balancing childcare with wrk. ① _________ They direct ur fcus t the mst readily available infrmatin t help us make decisins quickly withut prperly cnsidering all the variables.
The result is that we are wired t mve tward things that make us feel gd and away frm things that make us feel uncmfrtable. ② _________ They default (默认) t what feels “nrmal”. Thse netwrks are s deep in ur thinking that when we’re traveling a new and challenging path, ur wheels default back t the wrn-in grves (凹槽). S, hw d we d hard things when ur brains are cnstantly telling us t avid effrt?
③ _________ A 2016 study fund that when peple are upset, they’re less likely t try t d hard things. When they’re feeling upbeat, hwever, they’re mre likely t take n the hard-but-essential tasks that ultimately make life better. One way we can get urselves in the right mindset is t d what’s called “reappraisal”, in which we create a shift in ur brains f hw we perceive a task.
Mrever, we must give ur brains the right amunt f autnmy. When we have a chice, ur brains ften want t prgramme smething easy. ④ _________ Put it int a wrk cntext: D I want t experiment with a new prject management tl that might make things easier fr my team next week, r d I want t stick with the same sheet that a frmer emplyee established that nne f us feel great abut anyway?
⑤ _________ But by understanding what’s ging n in yur brain, yu can wrk tward accmplishing hard things and manage yur fears better.
A. Tackle them when we’re in a gd md.
B. Ding things like hard wrk can seem abnrmal.
C. Our brains label effrt as bad because it’s hard wrk.
D. We shuld be creative and pen-minded when ding tasks.
E. This is called mindset fault, the tendency t d right things.
F. When we feel like this, ur brains want t save mental energy.
G. But we can reduce the respnse by challenging urselves t be innvative.
三、完形填空（15空）
I was srting thrugh sme bxes in the lft last week when I came acrss a teddy bear frm my childhd. The mment that I saw my 1 ld friend, pwerful memries 2 frm nearly 50 years befre. In an instant I was 3 with where I lived, wh was arund-and hw I felt-at an extremely happy time f my life.
Nt all bjects generate such 4 memries, hwever. I nce had t thrw a pair f running shrts because they 5 me t much f the day I 6 and ended up with a brken wrist! But maybe I was t 7 and shuld nt blame my shrts.
Accrding t a recent study, it’s pssible t use thinking tricks t remve negative 8 . And, in the prcess, yu can learn a lt abut hw memry wrks-including hw t get yurs under 9 .
10 were effectively shwn hw t create cnnectins between an item and a set f negative emtins. They did this using vivid mental imagery（意象）—linking a child’s trainer t images f playgrund accident, fr example, s that the bject became 11 t have.
Later, they were shwn hw t 12 frget thse feelings by cnsciusly（有意识地）pushing away any pictures that appeared. And this turned ut t be mre than just a 13 distractin（分心）. It gradually weakened the bad memries—in sme cases, 14 them altgether.
It shws that recall relies n assciatins and images. And yu can strengthen bth f these 15 when yu want t remember.
17．A. fadedB. expectedC. ruinedD. unknwn
18．A. turned verB. flded backC. brke utD. came dwn
19．A. unfamiliarB. equippedC. recnnectedD. ccupied
20．A. welcmeB. ld-fashinedC. paleD. frgettable
21．A. accusedB. cnvincedC. infrmedD. reminded
22．A. peratedB. rippedC. arrivedD. hesitated
23．A. thughtlessB. wrriedC. hurriedD. depressed
24．A. explanatinsB. cmmentsC. cmpetitinsD. assciatins
25．A. cntrlB. pressureC. cnsideratinD. discussin
26．A. SubjectsB. TricksC. AdventuresD. Memries
27．A. naturalB. supprtiveC. excitedD. uncmfrtable
28．A. vitallyB. persnallyC. respectivelyD. actively
29．A. realisticB. substantialC. tempraryD. precise
30．A. awakeningB. erasingC. practicingD. linking
31．A. experiencesB. picturesC. factrsD. abilities
四、短文填空
32．Mre than 700,000 peple in Lndn jined in a carnival n Sunday rganized by the Lndn Chinatwn Chinese Assciatin t welcme the Year f the Dragn.
The celebratin, claimed by the rganizers① _________ (be)the largest Chinese New Year event utside Asia, started at 10 am with a diverse parade（游行）② _________ (feature）handcrafted flats, dragn dance trupes（表演团）, and displays f traditinal Chinese cstumes. The prcessin started frm the east f Trafalgar Square and cncluded n Shaftesbury Avenue in Chinatwn.
During the parade, significant attentin③ _________ (capture)by the traditinal Chinese Puning Yingge flk dance, a natinal intangible cultural heritage in China. The grup f 16 dancers, ④ _________ the Chashan regin in Suth China’s Guangdng prvince, where the art frm riginated, ffered⑤ _________ sensry cultural feast t the peple f the United Kingdm.
At nn, the event reached its climax n the center stage in Trafalgar Square, with⑥ _________ (nte)figures frm the plitical and business sectrs participating in the eye-dtting ceremny f tw lins, ⑦ _________ (symblic)awakening them. ⑧ _________ awakened, the lins perfrmed a lively flying dance, with acrbats hidden under the cstumes jumping up and dwn n 3-meter-high ples, drawing enthusiastic⑨ _________ (applaud)frm the crwds.
In additin t the lively parade and stage perfrmances, there were cultural wrkshps, interactive games, ⑩ _________ fd stalls set up arund Trafalgar Square.
五、书面表达
33．假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter发来邮件，告诉你他所在的学校即将举办中国传统文化展，让你推荐一种你认为最具代表性的东西去参展。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1.简要介绍推荐的东西；
2.说明推荐理由。
注意：
1.写作词数为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Dear Peter,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Snwed In
Waiting and praying were a daily rutine fr Barbara Schmitt, but tday the prayers were mre intense. Her three-year-ld granddaughter, Michelle, had been shwing danger signs that made an immediate liver transplant critical, but the telephne was as silent as the snwy scene utside.
Then at nine in the mrning, the phne rang. A hspital in Omaha had lcated the right liver dnr, they were sure it was a match fr Michelle, and they needed her there within 12 hurs. Barbara culdn’t tell what t d first — rejice r despair, as they were snwbund (被雪困住的), 600 miles away. “We’re snwed in,” Barbara tld the medical crdinatr n the line, “and the airprt is 17 miles away and there’s n way we’re ging t get there.” “Dn’t give up,” the wman tld Barbara. “Yu have 12 hurs t reach Omaha!”
Frtunately, the phne lines were still wrking, s she started calling Sharn Stevens, wh runs Hair Angels, a fund fr children with special needs. Sharn had already lined up a Lear jet (医疗飞机) and tw pilts t fly the Schmitts t Omaha when transplant time came. Hw t get frm the Schmitts’ huse t the jet was the big questin.
Sharn called fr help thrugh the lcal radi statin, wanting t invite listeners t call in with ideas and suggestins. Teresa Amshff heard the stry and suggested that the church parking lt next t her huse, nly a mile frm the Schmitts, wuld make a perfect helicpter landing pad. As precius minutes ticked away, the Amshffs rushed frm dr t dr, begging fr help t clear the lt. Neighbrs came withut hesitatin.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Within half an hur, 50 vlunteers were wrking in winds t clear the area in snw.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hurs later, they reached the hspital in Omaha.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据Blgna, Italy部分中“Explring the small and distinctive museums f the university reveals ancient curtyards.(探索这所大学的小而有特色的博物馆，可以发现古老的庭院)”可知，西沃恩·马赫在博洛尼亚在古老的庭院里闲逛。故选B。
2．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Melilla, Spain/Nrth Africa部分中“Facing the Mediterranean n ne side and the Rif muntains n the ther, and surrunded by a terrifying brder fence, it is definitively multicultural, with Christian, Muslim, Jewish and Hindu cmmunities living side by side with a large frce f Spanish sldiers.(它一边面对地中海，另一边面对里夫山脉，被可怕的边界围栏包围，它绝对是一个多元文化的国家，基督教、穆斯林、犹太教和印度教社区与大量西班牙士兵并肩生活)”可知，梅利利亚与地中海毗邻。故选C。
3．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据Blgna, Italy部分中“Music and debate liven evenings in the main square.(晚上在主广场上有音乐和辩论)”和Padua, Italy部分中“At night, bth squares becme pen-air bars and restaurants fr sampling lcal cuisine.(到了晚上，两个广场都变成了露天酒吧和餐厅，供人们品尝当地美食)”可知，博洛尼亚和帕多瓦的共同之处是热闹的夜生活。故选A。
4．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Then the bird made a sudden turn s that the setting sun shne fr a secnd full n the underside f the great wings which lit up like stars in the blue f the skies. The bird was white.(接着，鸟儿突然转了个身，落日的余晖在它的大翅膀下面照了整整一秒钟，翅膀就像蓝色天空中的星星一样闪闪发光。鸟是白色的)”可知，作者的凤头鹦鹉是白色的，长着大大的翅膀。故选D。
5．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“But yu have prbably heard pig-killing in the traditinal methd. Imagine the ludest lng cry a pig culd make, picked up by a micrphne and amplified many times ver by a pwerful speaker. A man can imitate it quite successfully, thugh smewhat weak, by shuting at the tp f his vice “O-ah”. I had already prved that the cckat understd this imitatin and prmptly “came t heel”.(但你可能听说过用传统方法杀猪。想象一下，猪能发出的最响亮的长叫声，被麦克风拾取，并被强大的扬声器放大多次。一个人可以很成功地模仿它，虽然有点弱，通过大声喊“O-ah”。我已经证明这只凤头鹦鹉听懂了我的模仿，并立刻“跟了上来”)”可知，作者用尖叫声示意鹦鹉回来。故选C。
6．答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“I had already prved that the cckat understd this imitatin and prmptly “came t heel”. (我已经证明，凤头鹦鹉理解这种模仿，并迅速“came t heel”)”可知，这只凤头鹦鹉听懂了作者的模仿，所以立刻回来了。故划线词意思是“回来”。故选B。
7．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“I had gne nly a few steps alng the street and the crwd had nt yet scattered when, high abve me in the air, I saw a bird whse species I culd nt at first determine. It flew with slw, measured wing-beats, varied at set intervals by lnger perids f gliding. It seemed t heavy t be a hawk; fr a strk (鹳), it was nt big enugh and, even at that height, neck and feet shuld have been visible. Then the bird made a sudden turn s that the setting sun shne fr a secnd full n the underside f the great wings which lit up like stars in the blue f the skies. The bird was white. By Heaven, it was my cckat (凤头鹦鹉)! The steady mvements f his wings clearly indicated that he was setting ut n a lng-distance flight.(我沿着街道刚走了几步，人群还没散去，就在我头顶的高处，我看见一只鸟，起初我还不能确定它的种类。它缓慢而匀称地拍打着翅膀，在固定的时间间隔内，随着滑翔时间的延长而变化。它似乎太重了，不像是一只鹰；对于一只鹳来说，它还不够大，即使在那个高度，脖子和脚也应该是可见的。接着，鸟儿突然转了个身，落日的余晖在它的大翅膀下面照了整整一秒钟，翅膀就像蓝色天空中的星星一样闪闪发光。鸟是白色的。天哪，那是我的凤头鹦鹉！他翅膀的平稳运动清楚地表明他正在进行一次长途飞行)”可推知，作者对不同的鸟都有所了解，所以能区别辨认不同的鸟。故选A。
8．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Tea experts Wei Xin and Wenxin Tang at Fujian Agriculture and Frestry University in China were attracted by it because tea plants rely upn nitrgen-rich ammnium (铵)in the sil arund their rts t prduce theanine, an amin acid (氨基酸) that generates their special pleasant flavrs.(中国福建农林大学的茶叶专家辛伟和唐文新被它所吸引，因为茶树依靠根部周围土壤中富含氮的铵来产生茶氨酸，这种氨基酸能产生独特的宜人味道)”可知，提升茶味的关键因素是茶氨酸。故选C。
9．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“After grwing these tw types under identical cnditins, the researchers cllected sil samples and used genetic analysis t identify which micrbes were present arund the rts. The micrbes f the tw were very different. Crucially, Rugui had mre micrbes assciated with nitrgen than did Maxie. Cnsequently, Rugui als shwed a greater ability t absrb nitrgen frm ammnium in the sil. These differences were particularly clear in the autumn, when the rts were accumulating theanine.(在相同的条件下种植这两种类型的植物后，研究人员收集了土壤样本，并使用基因分析来确定根部周围存在哪些微生物。两者的微生物非常不同。关键是，肉桂比毛蟹有更多与氮相关的微生物。因此，肉桂也表现出更强的吸收土壤中铵态氮的能力。这些差异在秋天尤其明显，因为根部正在积累茶氨酸)”可知，这两种茶被用来对比研究micrbes对nitrgen的不同吸收能力。故选B。
10．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段“They reprt that this nt nly enhanced rt grwth in Maxie seedlings by giving them a nitrgen bst, but als nearly tripled the theanine in the leaves.(他们报告说，这不仅通过给毛蟹幼苗提供氮来促进根系生长，而且还使叶片中的茶氨酸增加了近三倍)”可知，A选项“氮通常用于农业”正确。故选A。
11．答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段“Fr the perfect cup f tea, des ne add milk t biling water, r the ppsite? Neither, based n a new research in the jurnal Current Bilgy. What must be prepared first, instead, are the micrbes(微生物).(一杯完美的茶，是往开水里加牛奶，还是相反？根据《当代生物学》杂志上的一项新研究，两者都不是。相反，首先必须准备的是微生物)”结合文章主要探讨微生物如何在茶叶种植的过程中给茶叶带来了更好的风味。故B选项“微生物和茶”最符合文章标题。故选B。
12．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Hwever, a clser lk at the singles trend suggests that the prblem is nt a lack f available partners, but that yung adults may unintentinally be aviding rmantic attachment.(然而，仔细观察单身趋势就会发现，问题不在于找不到伴侣，而在于年轻人可能无意中避免了恋爱关系)”可知，作者认为幸福下降的解决方案把精力用在了不该用的地方。故选B。
13．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Psychlgists cmmnly measure the health f attachment thrugh tw dimensins: anxiety and avidance the latter meaning a resistance t intimacy (亲密). T scre lwer n each dimensin is better. An insecure bnd can invlve smene being anxius but nt avidant, avidant but nt anxius, r bth, while secure attachment is n the ther hand.(心理学家通常通过两个维度来衡量依恋的健康程度:焦虑和回避，后者意味着对亲密的抵制。在每个维度上得分越低越好。不安全的关系可能包括一个人焦虑但不逃避，逃避但不焦虑，或者两者兼而有之，而安全的关系则是另一方面)”可知，心理学家认为安全依恋是既不焦虑也不逃避。故选C。
14．答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据第四段“The ppularity f avidant attachment is a mre reasnable explanatin fr the increase in unhappiness amng yung adults than their simply being uncupled. After all, we als knw that singlehd can make sme peple happier, and that a bad rmantic partnership is clearly wrse than n relatinship at all. But in cntrast t that mixed picture, many studies shw that avidant attachment is assciated with lwer satisfactin with life.(逃避型依恋的流行是年轻人不快乐增加的一个更合理的解释，而不是简单的分手。毕竟，我们也知道单身可以让一些人更快乐，一段糟糕的恋爱关系显然比没有关系更糟糕。但与这种复杂的情况相反，许多研究表明，回避型依恋与较低的生活满意度有关)”可知，第四段的主要内容是年轻人幸福感下降的原因。故选D。
15．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“In ther wrds, peple may avid rmantic cmmitment if they are especially self-centered r wrk-fcused.(换句话说，如果人们特别以自我为中心或以工作为中心，他们可能会避免浪漫的承诺)”可知，在最后一段，两位心理学家发现单身也可能与个人特征有关。故选D。
16．答案：①-⑤FCAGB
解析：①根据上文“Ask anyne hw they’re feeling these days and chances are that they’ll reply with sme versin f “exhausted”. We’re tired f perating amid uncertainty. We’re tired f balancing childcare with wrk.(问任何人最近感觉如何，他们很可能会回答某种形式的“筋疲力尽”。我们厌倦了在不确定的情况下运作。我们厌倦了平衡照顾孩子和工作)”以及后文“They direct ur fcus t the mst readily available infrmatin t help us make decisins quickly withut prperly cnsidering all the variables.(它们将我们的注意力引导到最容易获得的信息上，以帮助我们快速做出决定，而无需适当地考虑所有变量)”可知，上文提到大脑有厌倦感，可推知本句承接上文，解释为什么会有这种感觉。故F选项“当我们有这种感觉时，我们的大脑想要保存精神能量”符合语境，故选F。
②根据后文“They default (默认) t what feels “nrmal”. Thse netwrks are s deep in ur thinking that when we’re traveling a new and challenging path, ur wheels default back t the wrn-in grves (凹槽). S, hw d we d hard things when ur brains are cnstantly telling us t avid effrt?(他们默认感觉“正常”。这些网络在我们的思维中如此之深，以至于当我们走在一条新的、充满挑战的道路上时，我们的车轮默认回到了磨损的凹槽。那么，当我们的大脑不断告诉我们要避免努力时，我们如何去做困难的事情呢？)”可知，后文提到大脑会告知我们避免努力，本句说明原因。故C选项“我们的大脑认为努力是不好的，因为它是辛苦的工作”符合语境，故选C。
③根据后文“A 2016 study fund that when peple are upset, they’re less likely t try t d hard things. When they’re feeling upbeat, hwever, they’re mre likely t take n the hard-but-essential tasks that ultimately make life better. One way we can get urselves in the right mindset is t d what’s called “reappraisal”, in which we create a shift in ur brains f hw we perceive a task.(2016年的一项研究发现，当人们感到沮丧时，他们不太可能尝试去做困难的事情。然而，当他们感到乐观时，他们更有可能承担那些艰难但重要的任务，最终使生活变得更好。让自己进入正确心态的一种方法是做所谓的“重新评估”，在这个过程中，我们在大脑中创造一个我们如何看待任务的转变)”可知，后文的研究表明，在乐观的心态下更有可能承担那些艰难但重要的任务，最终使生活变得更好，说明要在积极的心态下去处理困难的任务。故A选项“当我们心情好的时候处理它们”符合语境，故选A。
④根据上文“Mrever, we must give ur brains the right amunt f autnmy. When we have a chice, ur brains ften want t prgramme smething easy.(此外，我们必须给我们的大脑适当的自主权。当我们有选择的时候，我们的大脑通常会选择一些简单的东西)”以及后文“Put it int a wrk cntext: D I want t experiment with a new prject management tl that might make things easier fr my team next week, r d I want t stick with the same sheet that a frmer emplyee established that nne f us feel great abut anyway?(把它放在工作环境中：我是想尝试一个新的项目管理工具，这可能会让我的团队下周的工作变得更容易，还是想坚持使用一个前员工建立的、我们都不太喜欢的表格？)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出大脑喜欢选择简单的东西，但是可以采取方法来减少这种倾向。故G选项“但是我们可以通过挑战自己的创新来减少这种反应”符合语境，故选G。
⑤根据后文“But by understanding what’s ging n in yur brain, yu can wrk tward accmplishing hard things and manage yur fears better.(但是通过了解你的大脑中发生了什么，你可以努力完成困难的事情，更好地管理你的恐惧)”可知，后文提到了解大脑可以让我们完成困难的事情，可知后文与本句为转折关系，推测本句是在说明完成困难的工作在大脑看来不太寻常。故B选项“做艰苦的工作看起来不正常”符合语境，故选B。
17．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看到我褪色的老朋友的那一刻，近50年前的强烈记忆如潮水般涌上心头。A. faded褪色的；B. expected预料到的； C. ruined被毁灭的；D. unknwn未知的。根据上文“I came acrss a teddy bear frm my childhd”可知，泰迪熊褪色了。故选A项。
18．答案：B
解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我看到我褪色的老朋友的那一刻，近50年前的强烈记忆如潮水般涌上心头。A. turned ver翻转；B. flded back涌现；C. brke ut爆发；D. came dwn传承。根据下文“nearly 50 years befre”可知，50年前的强烈记忆如潮水般涌上心头，故选B项。
19．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：刹那间，我重新与我所住的地方，周围的人以及我的感受联系在一起，这是我生命中极其快乐的时刻。A. unfamiliar不熟悉的；B. equipped装备齐全的；C. recnnected重新连接的；D. ccupied 忙于……的。根据下文“wh was arund-and hw I felt-at an extremely happy time f my life.”故可知，作者重新与过去联系在一起。选C项。
20．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，并不是所有的物品都能产生如此令人愉快的记忆。A. welcme欢迎的，令人愉快的；B. ld-fashined老式的；C. pale苍白的；D. frgettable忘记的。并不是所有的物品都能产生如此令人愉快的记忆。故选A项。
21．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我不得不扔掉一条跑步短裤，因为它们让我想起了那天我划破了裤子，结果手腕骨折的情景。A. accused起诉；B. cnvinced使确信；C. infrmed告知；D. reminded提醒，想起。作者在回忆过去，所以是想起。故选D项。
22．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我不得不扔掉一条跑步短裤，因为它们让我想起了那天我划破了裤子，结果手腕骨折的情景。A. perated操作；B. ripped （使）划破；C. arrived到达；D. hesitated犹豫。根据上文“thrw a pair f running shrts”以及“brken wrist”可知，作者划破了裤子。故选B项。
23．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但也许我太草率了，不应该怪我的短裤。A. thughtless欠考虑的；B. wrried担忧的；C. hurried匆忙的，草率的；D. depressed抑郁的。根据下文“shuld nt blame my shrts.”可知，作者太草率了。故选C项。
24．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据最近的一项研究，使用思维技巧来消除负面联想是可能的。A. explanatins解释；B. cmments评论；C. cmpetitins竞争；D. assciatins协会，联想。根据下文assciatins”可知，使用思维技巧来消除负面联想是可能的。故选D项。
25．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这个过程中，你可以学到很多关于记忆是如何工作的——包括如何控制你的记忆。A. cntrl控制；B. pressure压力；C. cnsideratin考虑；D. discussin讨论。根据上文“it’s pssible t use thinking tricks t remve negative”可知，包括如何控制你的记忆。故选A项。
26．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：受试者被有效地展示了如何在一个项目和一组负面情绪之间建立联系。A. Subjects主题，话题；接受试验者；B. Tricks诡计； C. Adventures冒险； D. Memries记忆。根据上文“a recent study”以及下文“were effectively shwn hw t create cnnectins between an item and a set f negative emtins.”可知，这里指受试者。 故选A项。
27．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们利用生动的心理意象做到了这一点——例如，将儿童教练与操场事故的图像联系起来，这样一来，对象就会变得不舒服。A. natural自然的；B. supprtive支持的；C. excited兴奋的；D. uncmfrtable不舒服的。根据上文“images f playgrund accident”可知，受试对象就会变得不舒服。故选D项。
28．答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：之后，研究人员向他们展示了如何通过有意识地推开任何出现的图片来积极地忘记这些感觉。A. vitally 极其；B. persnally个人地；C. respectively各自地；D. actively积极地。根据下文“by cnsciusly（有意识地）pushing away any pictures that appeared”可知，积极地忘记这些感觉。故选D项。
29．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，这不仅仅是暂时的分心。A. realistic现实的；B. substantia大量的；C. temprary暂时的；D. precise精确的。根据下文“It gradually weakened the bad memries”可知，这不仅仅是暂时的分心。故选C项。
30．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：它逐渐削弱了糟糕的记忆——在某些情况下，完全抹去了它们。A. awakening 唤醒；B. erasing 抹去；C. practicing练习；D. linking连接。根据上文“It gradually weakened the bad memries”可知，在某些情况下，完全抹去了它们。故选B项。
31．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你想要记忆的时候，你可以加强这两个因素。A. experiences经历；B. pictures图片；C. factrs因素；D. abilities能力。根据上文“It shws that recall relies n assciatins and images”可知，这是两个因素。故选C项。
32．答案：①t be②featuring③was captured④frm⑤a⑥ntable/nted⑦symblically⑧Once/If/When⑨applause⑩and
解析：①考查不定式。句意：主办方称，此次庆祝活动是亚洲以外规模最大的农历新年活动，从上午10点开始，以手工制作的花车、舞龙团和中国传统服饰展示为特色的多样化游行。claim sth. t be为固定短语，表示“声称是”，故填t be。
②考查现在分词。句意：主办方称，此次庆祝活动是亚洲以外规模最大的农历新年活动，从上午10点开始，以手工制作的花车、舞龙团和中国传统服饰展示为特色的多样化游行。分析可知，a diverse parade作宾语，空处应为宾语补足语，a diverse parade与feature之间为主动关系，用现在分词表示主动，featuring表示“以……为特色”故填featuring。
③考查被动语态。句意：在游行期间，中国传统的普宁颖歌民间舞蹈引起了人们的极大关注，这是中国的国家级非物质文化遗产。分析可知，事情发在过去，应为一般过去时，significant attentin与capture之间为被动关系，且significant attentin为单数，故填was captured。
④考查介词。句意：这支由16名舞者组成的队伍来自中国南方广东省潮汕地区，是这种艺术形式的发源地，为英国人民带来了一场感官文化盛宴。根据句意可知，空处表示“来自……”，故填frm。
⑤考查冠词。句意：这支由16名舞者组成的队伍来自中国南方广东省潮汕地区，是这种艺术形式的发源地，为英国人民带来了一场感官文化盛宴。根据句意可知，空处表示“一场”之意，表示泛指，空后sensry为非元音音素开头的单词，故填a。
⑥考查形容词。句意：中午时分，活动在特拉法加广场的中央舞台上达到高潮，政界和商界知名人士参加了两只狮子的点睛仪式，象征性地唤醒了他们。分析可知，空处应为形容词作定语修饰名词figures，表示“出名的”，故填ntable/nted。
⑦考查副词。句意：中午时分，活动在特拉法加广场的中央舞台上达到高潮，政界和商界知名人士参加了两只狮子的点睛仪式，象征性地唤醒了他们。分析可知，空处应为副词作状语，修饰空后动词awakening，故填symblically。
⑧考查连词。句意：一旦被唤醒，狮子们表演了活泼的飞舞，身着戏服的杂技表演者在3米高的竿子上跳跃，引来人群热烈的掌声。分析可知，空处引导时间状语从句，表示“一旦”或“当……的时候”，故填Once/If/When。
⑨考查名词。句意：一旦醒来，狮子们就表演了一场热烈的飞行舞蹈，身着戏服的特技演员在3米高的杆子上上下跳跃，赢得了观众们的热烈掌声。根据空前形容词enthusiastic可知空处应为名词作宾语，applause为不可数名词，故填applause。
⑩考查连词。句意：除了热闹的游行和舞台表演外，特拉法加广场周围还有文化工作坊、互动游戏和食品摊位。分析可知，cultural wrkshps、interactive games及fd stalls为并列成分，空处应用连词and连接，故填and。
33．答案：
Dear Peter,
In yur recent email, yu wanted me t recmmend a representative thing fr the Chinese traditinal culture exhibitin t be held in yur schl. Persnally, I recmmend Peking Opera masks.
Peking Opera masks are a great demnstratin f Peking Opera facial makeup, which is unique t stage perfrmance f Chinese pera. The clrs f Peking Opera facial makeup are based n sme special figures. Specific facial makeup is put n the actrs’ faces t symblize the persnalities, characteristics and fates f the rles. The facial makeup is nt nly a symbl f the characters in the play, but a symbl f Chinese traditinal culture.
Sincerely wish the exhibitin a cmplete success!
Yurs,
Li Hua
解析：1.词汇积累
推荐：recmmend→ nminate
特别的：special→ particular
独特的：specific→ distinct
命运：fate→ destiny
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：The clrs f Peking Opera facial makeup are based n sme special figures.
拓展句：It is sme special figures that the clrs f Peking Opera facial makeup are based n.
【高分句型1】Peking Opera masks are a great demnstratin f Peking Opera facial makeup, which is unique t stage perfrmance f Chinese pera.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Specific facial makeup is put n the actrs’ faces t symblize the persnalities, characteristics and fates f the rles. （运用了不定式t symblize作目的状语）
34．答案： Within half an hur, 50 vlunteers were wrking in winds t clear the area in snw. They braved the freezing temperatures and battled against the munting snw. With shvels and brms in hand, they labred tirelessly, their determinatin fueled by the belief that their effrts culd save a yung girl’s life. Sharn als sent a fur-wheel vehicle t transprt the Schmitts t the church. The crwd cheered as the jet descended nt the makeshift landing pad and waved as the Schmitts flew ff int the snwy night.
Hurs later, they reached the hspital in Omaha. A team f medical prfessinals anxiusly awaited Michelle’s arrival. The transplant was a success, and the Schmitts were grateful t all the peple wh had helped make this miracle pssible. The act f clearing the parking lt had nt nly cleared a path fr the jet, but it had als cleared a path fr hpe t enter their lives again. The snwstrm that nce threatened t separate the Schmitt family frm the life-saving medical care they desperately needed had ultimately brught them clser t their cmmunity. It had shwn them the true pwer f unity.
解析：1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“不到半小时，50名志愿者冒着大风清理了积雪。”可知，第一段可描写志愿者们如何克服困难把停机坪的雪全部清理掉，并成功把Schmitt一家人送上飞机。
②由第二段首句内容“几个小时后，他们到达了奥马哈的医院。” 可知，第二段可描写Michelle的手术非常成功，她的家人对志愿者们表达感谢。
2.续写线索：志愿者清理积雪——帮助他们一家人坐上飞机——及时到达医院完成手术——Schmitt一家人表示感谢——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①对抗：battle against/fight against
②拯救：save/rescue
③等待：await/wait fr
情绪类
①焦虑地：anxiusly/wrriedly/uneasily
②感谢：be grateful t/shw ne’s appreciatin t/shw ne’s gratitude t
[高分句型1] With shvels and brms in hand, they labred tirelessly, their determinatin fueled by the belief that their effrts culd save a yung girl’s life. (运用了that引导的同位语从句)
[高分句型2] The transplant was a success, and the Schmitts were grateful t all the peple wh had helped make this miracle pssible. (运用了wh引导的限制性定语从句)