辽宁省2024届高三下学期高考扣题卷（一）英语试题

这是一份辽宁省2024届高三下学期高考扣题卷（一）英语试题，共10页。试卷主要包含了阅读，第二节，语言运用，第一节，语言运用，第二节，写作等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第Ⅰ卷的注释
第Ⅱ卷 主观题
第Ⅱ卷的注释
一、阅读，第一节，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）(共15题；共37.5分)
阅读理解
Gene-edited Fds: Yes r N?
Gene-edited fds culd sn be hitting supermarket shelves in the UK as the gvernment annunced plans t allw gene-edited fds t be sld unlabeled in British supermarkets, prmting an utcry frm sme cnsumers wh claim they "shuld be given a chice".
GE fds are prduced using the gene-editing tl CRISPR, which edits the existing DNA f a plant r animal. Unlike genetically mdified fd, gene-edited fd cntains n "freign" DNA frm ther species. Scientists use a specialized prtein t make tiny changes t the rganism's DNA that culd ccur naturally r thrugh selective breeding.
Envirnment Secretary Gerge Eustice insisted that GE prducts wuld nt need t be advertised as such because they are "fundamentally natural". Hwever, Sctland and Wales bth vwed t reject the mve, and Britain's biggest supermarkets have s far refused t cnfirm if they will stck the fds.
Nw let's take a clser lk at sme f the GE fds that culd be n shelves in the UK as early as next year.
Vitamin D-bsted tmates
Tmates have been genetically engineered t prduce mre vitamin D. Researchers claim that the "super" fruits culd help reduce the risk f develping diseases such as cancer, Parkinsn's disease and dementia (痴呆).
Mushrms that dn't g brwn
A variety f white buttn mushrm has been genetically edited s that it desn't g brwn when sliced. The researchers used CRISPR t remve a small piece f ne gene that causes mushrm brwning. Thus it can stay n supermarket shelves fr lnger, reducing fd waste.
Bread that reduces cancer risk frm burnt tast
Acrylamide (丙烯酰胺), a substance that can cause cancer, is created when bread is baked r tasted. Researchers have edited the genme (基因组) f wheat t reduce its prductin f the cancer-causing chemical.
Chickens resistant t bird flu
Researchers have used gene-editing techniques t grw chicken cells that are unable t replicate the bird flu virus in a lab. They edited a sectin f chicken DNA t make it resistant t the virus.
1. What can be knwn abut GE fds?
A . They edit their wn existing DNA. B . They have freign DNA frm ther species. C . They are cmpletely as natural as rdinary fds. D . They are exactly the same as genetically mdified fds.
2. What's the right attitude tward GE fds?
A . The UK gvernment supprts GE fds. B . Gerge Eustice is against GE fds. C . Sme cnsumers bject t GE fds being sld. D . Britain's biggest supermarkets welcme GE fds.
3. All f the fllwing can help reduce the disease EXCEPT ____.
A . vitamin D-bsted tmates' B . mushrms that dn't g brwn C . bread that reduces cancer risk frm burnt tast D . chickens resistant t bird flu
阅读理解
A schlgirl has created a slar-pwered backpack that filters ut air pllutin after being inspired by her asthmatic (患哮喘病的) mther.
Eleanr Wds, 12, frm High Burtn, Huddersfield, a twn in West Yrkshire, nrthern England, entered the "Backpack t the Future" cmpetitin after her mther put the applicatin frm in her rm. She went n t win the award fr her innvative bag.
The "Backpack t the future" cmpetitin was launched t change perceptins (认知), encurage mre diversity within engineering and t shw children hw they culd cmbine an interest in fashin with a career in science, technlgy, engineering r math.
Pwered by green energy frm slar pwer and a dynam — a machine that cnverts mechanical energy int electrical energy — the backpack filters plluted air befre fanning ut cleaner air nearby. "I have an air filter at hme because my mum has mild asthma. My Breathe Better Backpack is all abut keeping my friends, family and classmates safe using an air filter. It lks cl and will help get kids utside and fight ff clds," Eleanr said. "The first thing that came t mind is that blue is ne f my favrite clrs and blue feels clean and the bubbles n the utside have a clean theme fr breathing."
The pandemic spurred n Eleanr's awareness f hw pllutin affects a persn's health and the spread f diseases. Spending a lt f time with her asthmatic mum ver several lck dwns gave the 12-year-ld fd fr thught.
The schlgirl added: "My generatin is really aware f pllutin, and we have lessns n it at schl alng with diseases spreading, and this is anther reasn I designed this, because it is getting much wrse."
The yung designer said she is becming increasingly aware f the pllutin that surrunds her, as she lives n a main rad. Eleanr said: "I walk t schl, next t the rad, and can taste the petrl when buses cme thrugh."
Speaking after winning the cmpetitin, Eleanr said the impact f her backpack will be far-reaching. "If just a few peple start using it, it culd be really gd fr the planet," she said.
4. What was the "Backpack t the future" cmpetitin aimed at?
A . Arusing curisity in fashin. B . Increasing interest in engineering. C . Raising envirnmental awareness. D . Bnding interest with scientific practice.
5. What des the furth paragraph imply?
A . The backpack is easy t carry. B . The backpack is blue with bubbles. C . The backpack is safe fr kids indrs. D . The backpack is nly pwered by slar energy.
6. What is the feature f Eleanr Wds' innvative bag?
A . It is fashinable. B . It des gd t health. C . It is energy-saving. D . It des harm t envirnment.
7. Which wrd describes Eleanr Wds?
A . Creative. B . Generus. C . Active D . Adventurus.
阅读理解
Peple wh keep chickens as pets r barnyard animals tend t be quite passinate abut them. Similar t thse wh keep cats and dgs as animal friends, chicken wners lve t spil their little nes. If that means building tiny amusement parks t keep them happy, then that's exactly what they will d.
Chickens have mre persnality than many peple give them credit fr. Like humans, chickens lve t have fun, explre, and just kind f check stuff ut.
What happens if chickens get bred?
Bred chickens tend t engage in bad behavirs. These can include pecking at and fighting with ne anther and pulling ut each ther's feathers.
Part f keeping and caring fr chickens (r any animal fr that matter) includes making sure they have everything they need t be happy. That includes entertainment and things t keep their days interesting.
One methd is t hang up a piece f cabbage. Nt nly des this keep the chickens entertained, but it als gives them a healthy surce f nurishment.
There is anther fun ty yu can build fr yur chickens, and all yu need is sme ld bicycle tires. Chicken merry-g-runds are abut t becme all the rage (风靡一时) in chicken sciety. T d this, all yu need t d is remve the wheel frm a bike. Then lay the wheel ut ver tp smething s the chickens are able t spin and ride n tp. The chickens seem t knw hw t jump right n and g fr a ride. They might nt react like a human n a rllercaster (过山车), but their behavir tends t shw it is an enjyable experience fr them. The wheels can be spread ut thrugh yur garden, backyard, r wherever yur chickens like t ram. They help make their days mre interesting, fun, and unique!
8. What's the purpse f hanging up a piece f cabbage?
A . T feed chickens. B . T train chickens. C . T amuse chickens. D . T punish chickens.
9. What des the wrd underlined in the last paragraph mean?
A . Hatch. B . Rest. C . Gather. D . Wander.
10. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A . A New Pet B . Chickens' Beautiful Life C . Peple's Friends D . Harmnius Cexistence
11. Where is the text prbably frm?
A . A magazine. B . A bigraphy. C . A diary. D . A nvel.
阅读理解
Parts f East Asia culd see "rivers in the sky" frm due t climate change, bringing recrd-breaking levels f rainfall with them, a new study has revealed.
The team, frm the University f Tsukuba, Japan, have already seen clear signs f glbal warming hitting parts f the cuntry, s they wanted t see hw bad things culd get. "It's been becming mre and mre clear that glbal warming means mre than just warmer temperatures," they wrte.
One particularly-damaging extreme weather event is an increase in rainfall t unexpected and unprecedented (前所未有的) levels, which can result in flding. T help predict rainfall events, researchers lked t ne f the causes — the interactin f atmspheric rivers with muntain ranges.
"As the name suggests, atmspheric rivers are lng, narrw bands f cncentrated water vapur flwing thrugh the atmsphere," the team explained. "When ne f these bands meets a barrier, such as a muntain range, it can prduce extreme levels f rainfall r snwfall."
Parts f East Asia have been subjected t (遭受) an increasing number f damaging, extreme weather events ver the past decade.
T understand the impact, the team used high-reslutin glbal atmspheric circulatins mdel simulatins (模拟) that virtually re-create the cnditins in the atmsphere. They then lked at ther reginal climate mdels, cmparing simulatins based n real, meterlgical data (气象数据) frm 1951 t 2010 t predictins fr 2090.
Authrs used the climate scenari that wuld result in 4℃ f warming, cmpared t preindustrial levels — which is significantly mre than 2℃ target set as part f Paris Climate Agreement.
First authr, Prfessr Yichi Kamae, said that their simulatins predict strengthened water vapur transprt, as well as increased rainfall at unprecedented levels. In simulatins the greatest amunts f atmspheric river-related rainfall ccurred n the suthern and western slpes f muntains in East Asia, including in Japan, the Krean Peninsula, and nrtheastern China. They had t limit the study t East Asia due t cmputer time and prcessing limitatins, but predict it wuld apply t ther regins arund the wrld.
12. What's the pssible cnsequence f the glbal warming?
A . It cntributes t plluted air. B . It leads t ht and rainy climate. C . It nly results in the rise f temperature. D . It causes the destructin f mre species.
13. The authr wrte Paragraph 4 t ____.
A . describe the new study B . intrduce atmspheric rivers C . analyze the cause f rainfall
D warn peple f glbal warming
14. Hw is the research carried t knw the effect?
A . By cmparisn. B . By discussin. C . By examples. D . By explanatin
15. What's the attitude f Prfessr Yichi Kamae tward their simulatins?
A . They are risky. B . They are valueless. C . They are perfect. D . They are cnvincing.
二、阅读，第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）(共1题；共12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
5 Prven Ways t Imprve Yur Cncentratin
We're all suffering frm prer cncentratin nwadays. 16 Here are sme simple habits t try.
Minimize distractin.
17 Wrk in a different rm if yu can. If yu find yurself sidetracked (转移目标) by digital devices, turn ff ntificatins (通知) and train yurself t check them at set intervals. Set a timer.
18_
Whether it's music, white nise r even silence, yu might find there's a particular sund that helps yu maintain yur attentin. This enhances alpha waves—brain waves that prmte relaxatin and are thught t play a rle in cgnitin (认知) and, accrding t a small 2015 American study, make yu mre creative.
Fcus n the right fds.
Yu might get help frm certain s-called "brain fds". 19 One f the best ways t keep yur brain fit is t eat a healthy diet.
Mve yur bdy.
When yu exercise, yur heart rate increases, causing yur bdy t release a prtein called brain-derived neurtrphic factr, r BDNF, which aids nerve cell grwth. 20
Sleep well.
Wh desn't suffer frm brain fg after a bad night? Everyne needs different amunts f shuteye but aiming fr seven t nine hurs is cnsidered the ideal.
A. Structure yur life.
B. Find the right sund.
C. These include fish, nuts, blueberries and dark chclate.
D. This is imprtant fr cncentratin, memry and learning.
E. But there are ways yu can imprve yur fcus and get stuff dne.
F. But even news platfrms, and emails can be highly attentin sapping.
G. Remving yurself frm peple and devices will allw yu t cncentrate better.
三、语言运用，第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）(共1题；共15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Jan Dnvan was 84 years ld when she finished her cllege degree, but the great-grandmther said she didn't want t stp learning just yet.
"I culdn't wait t get up in the mrning t g t schl. I met the mst 21 peple and fessrs. Everyne surrunded me with 22 and supprt. And I learned that I had a 23 fr writing," Dnvan said. "That's when I fund Suthern New Hampshire University, which is a wnderful schl. I just lved every minute f it."
Fur years later, n December 13, 2022, Dnvan graduated frm Suthern New Hampshire University with a master's 24 in creative writing.
Dnvan said the university heard she was graduating when her sn called the schl t 25 a frame fr her diplma as a Christmas present. 26 , the schl decided t send mre than just a framed diplma, including a cap and gwn, cupcakes, ballns and university spirit wear (印有大学精神的服装).
When she was yung, Dnvan's mther called her "Brilliant". She started first grade at the age f 4 and graduated high schl by 16. The family culdn't 27 cllege, but she was able t take sme pst-graduate classes fr free at her high schl.
Dnavan always wanted a 28 educatin, but marriage, babies and a busy life 29 things a bit. But she never gave up n her dream.
"I'm a gal-seeker," she said. "And it was a gal, and I30 it. It's a dream cme true, really." Nw, Dnvan said she is using her new degree t write a nvel as well as an autbigraphy.
"Well, I waited 60 years t 31 my dream. S I hpe thers dn't have t wait that lng," said Dnvan, adding that her autbigraphy will be abut 32 the "radblcks" f life.
Dnvan, wh has 10 grandchildren and nine great-grandchildren, said the mst imprtant thing she's learned in life is t be a "33 learner".
"Dn't ever give up. I mean,34 smething desn't wrk the first time, just try it again," she said. "And 35 , yu'll find yur dream cme true."
21.
A . imprtant B . cmpetitive C . prmising D . intelligent
22.
A . curisity B . encuragement C . admiratin D . cngratulatin
23.
A . lve B . trick C . interest D . hbby
24.
A . psitin B . dcument C . degree D . grade
25.
A . apply fr B . ask fr C . care fr D . lk fr
26.
A . Still B . Besides C . Hwever D . Anyway
27.
A . attend B . admit C . apprve D . affrd
28.
A . frmal B . valuable C . special D . flexible
29.
A . buried B . delayed C . permitted D . expanded
30.
A . reached B . established C . searched D . succeeded
31.
A . satisfy B . challenge C . discver D . fulfill
32.
A . building B . abandning C . vercming D . seizing
33.
A . hard-wrking B . lifelng C . well-knwn D . selfless
34.
A . if B . since C . thugh D . while
35.
A . frtunately B . immediately C . thankfully D . eventually
四、语言运用，第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）(共1题；共15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Smetimes referred t as the Thailand Water Festival, Sngkran is an annual event that marks the 36 (begin) f the Thai New Year. It's the 37 (large) celebratin thrughut the whle cuntry.
The festival kicks ff 38 April 13 and usually lasts three days thugh festivities can start early r end later in sme cities. The hliday's main fcus is abut mving frward — in fact, the wrd Sngkran cmes frm a phrase in 39 Sanskrit language that means "passage f the sun".
Water plays a majr rle in the festival. 40 (symblical) it washes away the previus year s peple can get ready fr the next ne.
Many families wake up early during Sngkran and visit Buddhist temples, 41 they bring fferings such as fd and listen t mnks as they preach. Peple sprinkle clean r scented water ver statues f Buddha t represent purificatin and gd frtune. Yunger 42 (visit) als pur water n the hands f elderly relatives and friends 43 (shw) their respect and ask fr blessings in the cming year.
Hnring family traditins and 44 (religin) practices are imprtant, but s is having sme fun. Outside, Sngkran 45 (celebrate) with street parties featuring lud music and a giant friendly water fight!
五、写作（共两节，满分40分）(共2题；共40分)
46. 目前，很多学生苦恼学习效率低，觉得时间不够用。学校组织班会，以"Hw t Spend Time Prperly"为题，让同学们进行讨论。请你从以下方面准备发言稿。1. 恰当管理时间的意义；2. 如何恰当管理时间，给出建议。
注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Hw t Spend Time Prperly
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
A yung man named Mnty Rberts wh was the sn f an itinerant (巡回的) hrse trainer wh wuld g frm stable t stable, race track t race track, farm t farm and ranch (大农场) t ranch, training hrses. As a result, the by's high schl career was cntinuusly interrupted. When he was a senir, he was asked t write a paper describing his gal f smeday wning a hrse ranch. He wrte abut his dream in great detail and he even drew a diagram f a 200-acre ranch, shwing the lcatin f all the buildings, the stables and the truck. Then he drew a detailed flr plan fr a 40000 square-ft huse that wuld sit n the 200-acre dream ranch.
"He put a great deal f his heart int the prject and the next day he handed it in t his teacher. Tw days later he received his paper back. On the frnt page was a large red F with a nte that read, "See me after class."
The by with the dream went t see the teacher after class and asked, "Why did I receive an F?"
The teacher said, "This is an unrealistic dream fr a yung by like yu. Yu have n mney. Yu cme frm an itinerant family. Yu have n resurces. Owning a hrse ranch requires a lt f mney. Yu have t buy the land. Yu have t pay fr the riginal breeding stck and later yu'll have t pay large stud fees. There's n way yu culd ever d it." Then the teacher added, "If yu rewrite this paper with a mre realistic gal, I will recnsider yur grade."
Paragraph 1:
The by went hme and thught abut it lng and hard.
Paragraph 2:
Many years later, the same schl teacher brught 30 kids t camp n a hrse ranch wned by Mnty Rberts.
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分数：120分
题数：9
难度系数：0
第Ⅰ卷 客观题
第Ⅱ卷 主观题
一、阅读，第一节，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
1-3 4-7 8-11 12-15
二、阅读，第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
16-20
三、语言运用，第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
21-35
四、语言运用，第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
36-45
五、写作（共两节，满分40分）
46 47