湖南省湖湘教育三新探索协作体2023-2024学年高二下学期期中联考英语试题（原卷版+解析版）

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（考试用时120分钟，全卷满分150分）
注意事项：
1．答题前，先将自己的班级、姓名、准考证号写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上相应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，将答题卡上交。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是 C。
1. What will Nancy d tnight?
A. G t cinema. B. Eat ut. C. Stay at hme.
2. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. At a grcery stre. B. At a restaurant. C. At hme.
3. When did the wman cme t Canada?
A. Six years ag. B. Fur years ag. C. Tw years ag.
4. What des Crnell think f the riddle?
A. Easy. B. Funny. C. Difficult.
5. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. Their jbs. B. Their ways f relaxing. C. Their favrite sprts.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What relatin is Susan t the wman?
A. Her hairdresser. B. Her c-wrker. C. Her neighbr.
7. Hw des the man sund in the end?
A. Disappinted. B. Excited. C. Grateful.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Why did the man g t Trinidad?
A. Fr hliday. B. Fr wrk. C. Fr a family reunin.
9. What did the man like ding mst in Trinidad?
A. Playing n the beaches. B. Ging hiking. C. Riding hrses.
10. Where did the man stay at night?
A. At a lcal’s hme. B. At a htel. C. In a car.
听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。
11. Hw many participants were there in the first Eurvisin Sng Cntest?
A. 3. B. 7. C. 52.
12. What was the riginal purpse f the shw?
A. Finding talented singers.
B. Encuraging mre peple t sing.
C. Testing live TV bradcast technlgy.
13. Where did the mst winners cme frm?
A. Ireland. B. Sweden. C. Switzerland.
14. What is the man’s attitude tward entering the cntest?
A. Ambiguus. B. Cnfident. C. Uninterested.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15. What did fficials in Califrnia say?
A. There shuld be a pwer failure.
B. Residents shuld try t save electricity.
C. Air-cnditining systems will be imprved.
16. Which place is experiencing the highest temperatures?
A. Califrnia. B. Clrad. C. Nevada.
17. Why are frest fires mentined?
A. T shw the truble caused by high temperatures.
B. T emphasize the imprtance f prtecting frest.
C. T explain the causes f glbal warming.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Hw lng has Sphie been running the painting curse?
A. Tw years. B. Three years. C. Ten years.
19. What are the students required t d after the 6th week?
A. Wrk in grups.
B. Finish mre hmewrk.
C. Create their wn artwrks.
20. Where will the exhibitin be held?
A. At a gallery. B. At a museum. C. At a cllege.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Bat Scuba Diving at Neil Island is mre than just a usual shre diving experience. The reef here is superb and yu may spt a turtle during yur diving experience at Neil Island.
What T Expect
Yur trip begins at a given alltted time frm Bharatpur where yu gear up with all necessary scuba jackets, xygen masks and ther equipment required fr Scuba Diving. All necessary safety prcedures are taught befre the dive begins, including varius signs and basics abut hw t use the equipment under water.
N swimming skills are required fr this diving t take place. Maximum depth f the prgram is 8m—hw deep yu g will depend n yur cmfrt level in the water and the instructr’s estimatin. The dive duratin depends n yu, yur air cnsumptin and cmfrt level. This prgram lasts fr apprximately 30 t 40 minutes and the ttal Scuba diving experience including basic training and knw-hw is abut 2 hurs.
What’s Included
Use f Scuba Equipment
Certified Diver Accmpany Underwater
Underwater Scuba Phts and Vides
Additinal Infrmatin
Nt recmmended fr travelers with spinal injuries
Nt recmmended fr pregnant travelers
Nt recmmended fr travelers with pr cardivascular (心血管的) health
Travelers shuld have at least a mderate level f physical fitness
Cancellatin Plicy
Fr a full refund (退款), yu must cancel at least 24 hurs befre the experience’s start time. Any changes made less than 24 hurs befre the experience’s start time will nt be accepted. If it’s canceled due t pr weather, yu’ll be ffered a different date r a full refund.
1. What can we expect frm this diving experience?
A. Necessary guidance.B. A health check.
C. Free pick-up service.D. A diving certificate.
2. Wh is suitable fr scuba diving accrding t the passage?
A. A pregnant wman.B. A left-handed yungster.
C. A man with high bld pressure.D. A lady recvering frm an aching spine.
3. Hw can we get a full refund?
A. Rearranging the date.B. Having n diving cmpany.
C. Calling ff a day befre diving.D. Being late due t pr weather.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个潜水体验项目和相关注意事项。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据What T Expect部分的“All necessary safety prcedures are taught befre the dive begins, including varius signs and basics abut hw t use the equipment under water.(在潜水开始之前，所有必要的安全程序都会被教授，包括各种标志和如何在水下使用设备的基本知识。)”可知，潜水开始之前会知会必要的安全步骤，即必要的指导。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Additinal Infrmatin部分的“Nt recmmended fr travelers with spinal injuries; Nt recmmended fr pregnant travelers; Nt recmmended fr travelers with pr cardivascular (心血管的) health; Travelers shuld have at least a mderate level f physical fitness(不建议脊椎受伤的旅客使用；不建议孕妇使用；不建议心血管健康不佳的旅客使用；旅行者至少应该有中等水平的身体健康)”可知，此项活动不适合脊椎损伤者、孕妇以及有心血管问题者。B项：A left-handed yungster.（一个左撇子的年轻人。）不在其中。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Fr a full refund (退款), yu must cancel at least 24 hurs befre the experience’s start time.(要全额退款，您必须在体验开始时间前至少24小时取消。)”可知，潜水开始前24小时取消可以获得全额退款。故选C。
B
As a child, Liu Wenwen disliked the suna, a “lud, high-pitched” traditinal Chinese musical instrument, an ancestral heritage f her family that was t becme her career.
Her peers at primary schl laughed at her, saying her whle family was engaged nly in “weddings and funerals.” Indeed, these are the tw majr ccasins where the hrn-like wind instrument is played in China’s rural areas. Liu felt ashamed. Peple admired things that were mdern and internatinal. “Suna, in cmparisn, was cnsidered an art f the hillbilly.” Her father’s family has perfrmed suna fr seven generatins.
The music is rted in Liu’s DNA, but it takes time and hard wrk t becme a skilled musician. The instrument was s lud that it annyed the neighbrs when she practiced at hme. “S my parents wuld wake me up at 4 a.m. every day and take me t practice utside in a park.”
While she fllwed her parents t play the suna as a child, she nly fell in lve with the instrument at university. She fund suna music beautiful fr the first time in 2008, when she entered Shanghai Cnservatry f Music t learn the instrument mre systematically.
On China’s scial media platfrms, her name is ften fllwed by a vide f her live perfrmance at a cncert in Sydney, Australia, alngside award-winning cmpser Tan Dun in 2017. Fr her debut n the internatinal stage, she was playing Hundreds f Birds Paying Hmage t Phenix, a masterpiece that ften represents excellence in suna perfrmance.
Liu prmted the “hillbilly” music t an internatinal audience, thanks t Tan and his team, wh recmpsed the traditinal music and arranged the piece int an rchestra. “It was a smth dialgue between a Chinese instrument and a Western rchestra, lved by the musicians and audience alike,” she said. “I felt my hard wrk had paid ff. I trained fr ver 20 years, prbably just t win cheers and applause fr traditinal Chinese music n the internatinal stage.”
4. What can we learn abut Liu frm the first tw paragraphs?
A. She was brn int a musical family.
B. She enjyed playing the suna as a child.
C. She shwed a talent fr suna when she was yung.
D. She felt ashamed f admiring mdern and internatinal things.
5. Why did Liu get up early t practice playing the suna?
A. T get mre time fr her practice.B. T avid disturbing the neighbrs.
C. T spend mre time with her parents.D. T make practising the suna a habit.
6. What can we infer frm the last tw paragraphs?
A. Audience like Chinese instruments better than Western rchestra.
B. Liu’s perfrmance at a Sydney cncert gt her recgnized by the public.
C. Liu prmted traditinal Chinese music t the whle wrld with her parents.
D. Scial media is a majr platfrm t carry frward traditinal Chinese music.
7. In which part f the newspaper can we read the passage?
A. Technlgy.B. Educatin.
C. Peple.D. Entertainment.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了音乐家刘雯雯的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“... an ancestral heritage f her family that was t becme her career.(……她家族的祖传遗产成为了她的事业。)”和文章第二段“Her father’s family has perfrmed suna fr seven generatins.(她父亲的家族已经演奏唢呐七代了。)”可知，刘雯雯出生于音乐世家。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The instrument was s lud that it annyed the neighbrs when she practiced at hme. “S my parents wuld wake me up at 4 a.m. every day and take me t practice utside in a park.”(乐器的声音太大了，她在家练习的时候，邻居们都很烦。“所以我的父母每天早上4点叫醒我，带我去公园外面练习。”)”可知，李雯雯早起是为了避免打扰邻居。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段“On China’s scial media platfrms, her name is ften fllwed by a vide f her live perfrmance at a cncert in Sydney, Australia…(在中国的社交媒体平台上，她的名字后面经常是她在澳大利亚悉尼一场音乐会上的现场表演视频……)”可知，刘雯雯在悉尼音乐会之后出名。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，整篇文章围绕音乐家刘雯雯展开，应出现于报纸中的人物专栏。故选C。
C
Wmen and girls already struggle with gender inequality, but when extreme weather damages a cmmunity, the UN fund that inequalities wrsen.
T explre the cmplex links between gender and climate change, CNN wrked with seven wmen phtjurnalists t dcument the challenges wmen and girls face. This visual prject gives a snapsht f the numerus ways climate crisis is changing their lives, but als shws hw they are fighting back.
The Center fr Girls’ Educatin runs a series f prgrams in Nigeria t help girls stay in schl. One in every five f the wrld’s children wh are ut f schl is in Nigeria, accrding t UNICEF, and it is girls wh are impacted the mst. Mre than 10 millin children between 5 and 14 years ld are absent frm classrms acrss Nigeria, accrding t UNICEF. Fr girls, the statistics are even bleaker: in states in the nrtheast and nrthwest f the cuntry, fewer than half attend schl.
This educatin crisis is the result f a tangle f factrs, but against the backdrp f these individual factrs is the brader cntext f the climate crisis. Nigeria is grwing htter and dryer, and extreme weather such as flash flds and landslides are becming fiercer and mre frequent. Climate disasters can make schls inaccessible and classrms unsafe. Cmmunities struggling t cpe with extreme weather smetimes turn t their children t help r t earn extra mney t supprt the family. And girls, whse attendance at schl is already discuraged in sme cmmunities, are ften mst affected.
There are effrts t supprt girls’ educatin and equip them with the resurces t cpe with a fast-changing climate. The Center fr Girls’ Educatin in the nrthern Nigerian city f Zaria runs prgrams t help girls stay in schl and ffers training n hw t cpe with the impacts f extreme weather. “I feel when we give the girls educatin n climate change, hw t ease it, it will g a lng way in helping the girls in hw t supprt themselves in times f difficulties, and even help them prepare fr it,” said Habiba Mhammed, directr f the Center fr Girls’ Educatin.
8. What des the underlined phrase “gives a snapsht f” mean in Paragraph 2?
A. Cntrasts.B. Strengthens.C. Prevents.D. Reveals.
9. Hw des Paragraph 3 develp?
A. By listing figures.B. By making cmparisn.
C. By giving examples.D. By drawing cnclusins.
10. What cntributes t girls’ absence frm schl in Nigeria?
A. Tense family relatinship.B. Unbearable schl pressure.
C. Wrsening weather cnditins.D. Inaccessible cmmunity resurces.
11. What des Habiba Mhammed think f the measures taken t help girls?
A. Cstly.B. Creative.
C. Shrt-lived.D. Far-reaching.
【答案】8 D 9. A 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了气候变化对女性的影响，主要关注对非洲国家女孩接受教育的影响。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文“T explre the cmplex links between gender and climate change, CNN wrked with seven wmen phtjurnalists t dcument the challenges wmen and girls face.(为了探索性别与气候变化之间的复杂联系，CNN与七名女摄影记者合作，记录了妇女和女孩面临的挑战。)”和下文的“but als shws hw they are fighting back.(也展示了他们是如何反击的)”可知，这是一个摄影记者拍照记录气候变化对女性影响的项目，这个项目从各个方面揭露了/展示了气候危机对女性生活的改变。由此可知，gives a snapsht f意为“揭露，展示”。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Mre than 10 millin children between 5 and 14 years ld are absent frm classrms acrss Nigeria, accrding t UNICEF. Fr girls, the statistics are even bleaker: in states in the nrtheast and nrthwest f the cuntry, fewer than half attend schl.(根据联合国儿童基金会数据，尼日利亚有超过1000万5至14岁的儿童缺课。对于女孩来说，统计数据更令人沮丧：在该国东北部和西北部的各州，只有不到一半的女孩上学。)”可知，这一段落采取了列数据的论证方式。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Nigeria is grwing htter and dryer, and extreme weather such as flash flds and landslides are becming fiercer and mre frequent. Climate disasters can make schls inaccessible and classrms unsafe. Cmmunities struggling t cpe with extreme weather smetimes turn t their children t help r t earn extra mney t supprt the family.(尼日利亚正变得越来越热、越来越干燥，暴洪和山体滑坡等极端天气正变得越来越猛烈和频繁。气候灾害会使学校无法进入，教室不安全。努力应对极端天气的社区有时会求助于他们的孩子来帮助他们或赚取额外的钱来养家糊口。)”可知，气候变化和自然灾害导致上学困难。另外，为了对抗自然灾害，家庭会要求女孩子辍学持家。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““I feel when we give the girls educatin n climate change, hw t ease it, it will g a lng way in helping the girls in hw t supprt themselves in times f difficulties, and even help them prepare fr it,”(“我觉得，当我们给女孩们提供关于气候变化的教育，以及如何缓解气候变化，这将在很大程度上帮助女孩们在困难时期如何养活自己，甚至帮助她们做好准备。”)”可知，Habiba Mhammed认为这些帮助女孩子应对气候变化的措施会支撑她们面对今后遇到的困难，是影响深远的措施。故选D。
D
When TikTk vides emerged shwing “Taylr Swift” making a cin disappear and enjying a lllipp, the accunt name was the nly bvius clue that this wasn’t the real deal. The creatr f the “deeptaylrswift” accunt n the scial media platfrm was using “deepfake” technlgy t shw a machine generated versin f the famus singer perfrming magic tricks.
A new study published in the Prceedings f the Natinal Academy f Sciences f the United States f America prvides a measure f hw far the technlgy has prgressed. The results suggest that real humans can easily fall fr machine-generated faces—and even interpret them as mre trustwrthy than the genuine article. “We fund that nt nly are synthetic (合成的) faces highly realistic, they are regarded mre trustwrthy than real faces,” says study c-authr Hany Farid, a prfessr at the University f Califrnia, Berkeley. The result raises cncerns that these faces culd be highly effective when used fr immral purpses.
After cmpiling 400 real faces matched t 400 synthetic versins, the researchers asked 315 peple t distinguish real frm fake amng a selectin f 128 f the images. Anther grup f 219 participants gt sme training and feedback abut hw t spt fakes as they tried t distinguish the faces. Finally, a third grup f 223 participants each rated a selectin f 128 f the images fr trustwrthiness n a scale f ne (very untrustwrthy) t seven (very trustwrthy). The first grup did nt d better than a cin tss at telling real faces frm fake nes, with an average accuracy f 48.2 percent. The secnd grup failed t shw dramatic imprvement, receiving nly abut 59 percent, even with feedback abut thse participants’ chices. The grup rating trustwrthiness gave the synthetic faces a slightly higher average rating f 4.82, cmpared with 4.48 fr real peple.
The authrs f the study end with a cnclusin after emphasizing that deceptive (欺骗性的) uses f deepfakes will cntinue t pse a threat: “We, therefre, encurage thse develping these technlgies t cnsider whether the assciated risks are greater than their benefits,” they write. “If s, then we discurage the develpment f technlgy simply because it is pssible.”
12. What can we learn frm the first tw paragraphs?
A. Peple have an affectin fr “deepfake” technlgy.
B. Machine-generated faces are thught f as untrustwrthy.
C. Taylr Swift can make a cin disappear and enjy a lllipp.
D. Machine-generated faces raise cncerns fr immral purpses.
13. What is the third paragraph mainly abut?
A. Limitatins f the study.B. Reasns fr the study findings.
C. Suggestins fr further studies.D. Explanatins fr the research prcess.
14. What is the study authrs’ attitude twards the uses f deepfakes?
A. Disapprving.B. Objective.C. Indifferent.D. Favurable.
15. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Hw d we get n with deepfakes?
B. Why d we easily fall fr deepfakes?
C. Are machine generated faces mre reliable?
D. Can machine generated faces g that far?
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“深度伪造”技术。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The result raises cncerns that these faces culd be highly effective when used fr immral purpses.(这一结果引发了人们的担忧，即当这些人脸被用于不道德的目的时，可能会非常有效。)”可知，机器生成的人脸引发了人们对用它做不道德事情的担忧。故选D。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“After cmpiling 400 real faces matched t 400 synthetic versins, the researchers asked 315 peple t distinguish real frm fake amng a selectin f 128 f the images.(在将400张真实面孔与400张合成面孔相匹配后，研究人员要求315人从128张图片中区分真假。)”和“Finally, a third grup f 223 participants each rated a selectin f 128 f the images fr trustwrthiness n a scale f ne (very untrustwrthy) t seven (very trustwrthy).(最后，第三组223名参与者每人对128张图片的可信度进行打分，从1分(非常不可信)到7分(非常可信)。)”可知，本段在解释研究过程。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The authrs f the study end with a cnclusin after emphasizing that deceptive uses f deepfakes will cntinue t pse a threat: “We, therefre, encurage thse develping these technlgies t cnsider whether the assciated risks are greater than their benefits,” they write. “If s, then we discurage the develpment f technlgy simply because it is pssible.”(该研究的作者在强调欺骗性使用深度伪造将继续构成威胁之后，得出了一个结论：“因此，我们鼓励那些开发这些技术的人考虑相关的风险是否大于它们的好处，”他们写道。“如果是这样，那么我们仅仅因为技术的发展是可能的，就不鼓励技术的发展。”)”可推知，研究者们对“深度伪造”技术持反对态度。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，整篇文章围绕“深度伪造”技术展开，全文探讨了及其生成的人脸是否更可靠这一话题。故选C。
第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Research cnfirms that practicing mindfulness reduces stress. ____16____. Here are sme mindfulness activities that will surely benefit yu!
Mindful breathing
Breathing is smething we d every day, but mst ften withut thinking abut it. In fact, it is quite wrthwhile t try mindful breathing. Take a slw breath in thrugh yur nse, breathing int yur lwer belly. ____17____. Exhale slwly thrugh the muth, and wait a few secnds befre taking anther breath. D yu feel calmer? If s, this exercise wrks fr yu.
Bdy scan meditatin (冥想)
The bdy scan meditatin helps yu fcus yur awareness n each part f yur bdy. Yu may start by sitting r lying dwn and then clse yur eyes. Start at the tp f yur bdy and ask yurself what sensatins yu feel in this part f yur bdy. Turn yur attentin dwn t yur shulders and upper back, then yur chest and belly. Cntinue the prcess dwn yur bdy and finish at yur feet. During yur bdy scan meditatin, try nt t label r judge any f yur sensatins. ____18____.
Mindful eating
T ften we finish ur meal withut truly tasting r enjying what we have eaten. ____19____. Befre putting it in yur muth, clse yur eyes, breathe in the scent, and feel the texture (质地) f the surface. Then take a small bite, and anther slwly, until it is finished, fcusing n the taste and the feel f the fd in yur muth.
____20____
Accrding t research, gratitude is assciated with happiness. Practice bserving and giving thanks t the seemingly insignificant ccurrences in yur life that deserve recgnitin: the parent wh cks yur favrite meal, the friend wh ffers t help yu with hmewrk yu are struggling with, etc.
A. Thankfulness t parents
B. Hld it fr a few secnds
C. Appreciatin f little things in life
D. Just feel them, ntice them and name them
E. Practising mindfulness will be difficult befre it is easy
F. T practice mindfulness, pick a sweet-scented fd, like a strawberry
G. It als imprves physical and mental health as well as academic perfrmance
【答案】16. G 17. B 18. D 19. F 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了练习正念的几种活动。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Research cnfirms that practicing mindfulness reduces stress.(研究证实，练习正念可以减轻压力。)”可知，空处和上文并列，一起说明练习正念的好处。G项中的“It”指代上文中的“practicing mindfulness”。G项：It als imprves physical and mental health as well as academic perfrmance.(它还能改善身心健康和学习成绩。)符合语境。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Take a slw breath in thrugh yur nse, breathing int yur lwer belly.(用你的鼻子慢慢吸气，吸气到你的小腹。)”和下文“Exhale slwly thrugh the muth, and wait a few secnds befre taking anther breath.(用嘴慢慢呼气，等几秒钟再呼吸。)”可知，空处和上下文一起说明如何进行正念呼吸的练习。B项：Hld it fr a few secnds.(坚持几秒钟。)符合语境。故选B。
【18题详解】
根据上文“During yur bdy scan meditatin, try nt t label r judge any f yur sensatins.(在你的身体扫描冥想中，尽量不要给你的任何感觉贴上标签或做出判断。)”可知，空处承接上文，说明如何进行冥想，D项中的“them”指代上文中的“sensatins”。D项：Just feel them, ntice them and name them.(只要感觉它们，注意它们，说出它们的名字。)符合语境。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据下文“Befre putting it in yur muth, clse yur eyes, breathe in the scent, and feel the texture (质地) f the surface.(在把它放进嘴里之前，闭上眼睛，呼吸它的香味，感受它表面的质感。)”可知，空处提到了一种食物，F项中的“a sweet-scented fd,”与下文中的“it”对应。F项：T practice mindfulness, pick a sweet-scented fd, like a strawberry.(为了练习正念，选择一种有甜味的食物，比如草莓。)符合语境。故选F。
【20题详解】
空处为段落小标题。根据下文“Accrding t research, gratitude is assciated with happiness. Practice bserving and giving thanks t the seemingly insignificant ccurrences in yur life that deserve recgnitin: the parent wh cks yur favrite meal, the friend wh ffers t help yu with hmewrk yu are struggling with, etc.(根据研究，感恩与幸福有关。练习观察和感谢你生活中那些看似微不足道但值得肯定的事情：为你做最喜欢的饭菜的父母，帮你解决家庭作业的朋友，等等。)”可知，本段主要讲述了对生活中的小事进行感恩。C项：Appreciatin f little things in life.(感激生活中的小事。)符合语境。故选C。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“D yu mind if I jin yu?” A yung man’s vice made me lk up frm my breakfast.
“That’s fine,” I said.
“It’s really crwded in here,” he said, flashing a nice smile.
Lking arund, I realized there wasn’t ne ____21____ table. As I watched the guy put ht sauce n his sausage, my mind spun with the ____22____ f my visit t a dctr the day befre. I’d cvered ____23____ thrugh a snwstrm t see him, but he didn’t have answers t my prblems.
My breakfast cmpanin nticed me ____24____. “Traveling far?” he asked.
“Yes.” I hped he didn’t have any mre questins fr me. He seemed nice enugh, but I was in n ____25____ fr small talk. I dipped my head back tward my plate and ____26____ my muth with a bite f tast t signal the ____27____ f ur cnversatin.
T my ____28____, the yung man reached int his backpack and pulled ut a ntebk. He wrte as he ate. After a few mments f silence, I started t feel bad abut ____29____ his wrds.
“Are yu a writer?” I asked, _____30_____ my vice.
“N ma’am,” he said. “I’m wrking n a list fr my mm. She’s fighting lung cancer and I’m making her a smile list.” I culd feel his _____31_____ in the silence.
“I’m srry t hear that,” I said, feeling even _____32_____. “What is a smile list?”
“Oh, just little _____33_____ t cmfrt her.”
“Wuld it be t _____34_____ t ask yu t read me sme f yur “smiles”?
“N, nt at all,” he said. Then, lking dwn and scanning his ntebk, he read:
● Watching the sunrise
● Finding a shiny penny
● Sharing a table at breakfast with a _____35_____ lady
21. A. decentB. reservedC. vacantD. clean
22. A. cnfusinB. frustratinC. annyanceD. wrry
23. A. milesB. daysC. grundsD. difficulties
24. A. sbbingB. wanderingC. eatingD. staring
25. A. psitinB. mdC. cnditinD. hurry
26. A. zippedB. penedC. stuffedD. wiped
27. A. endB. climaxC. creD. tpic
28. A. srrwB. reliefC. disappintmentD. gratitude
29. A. pulling verB. breaking upC. keeping utD. cutting ff
30. A. strengtheningB. deepeningC. sfteningD. raising
31. A. painB. hesitatinC. sympathyD. embarrassment
32. A. cautiusB. nervusC. wrseD. surprised
33. A. cincidencesB. chresC. rutinesD. blessings
34. A. badB. persnalC. lateD. mistaken
35. A. niceB. talkativeC. humrusD. curius
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在心情沮丧时，被一个年轻人为母亲所做的微笑清单所触动的经历。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：环顾四周，我意识到没有一张空桌子。A. decent体面的；B. reserved保留的；C. vacant空闲的；D. clean干净的。根据上文““It’s really crwded in here,” he said, flashing a nice smile.”可知，餐厅很拥挤，并没有空位。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我看着那个家伙把辣酱涂在他香肠上时，我的脑海里盘旋着前一天去看医生时的沮丧。A. cnfusin困惑；B. frustratin沮丧，挫折感；C. annyance烦恼；D. wrry担心。根据下文“I’d cvered ____3____ thrugh a snwstrm t see him, but he didn’t have answers t my prblems.”可知，作者当时心情不好，因此frustratin符合语境。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我冒着暴风雪跑了几英里去见他，但他没有回答我的问题。A. miles英里；B. days天；C. grunds地面；D. difficulties困难。根据下文““Traveling far?” he asked.”可知，表示距离的miles符合语境。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：句意：我的早餐同伴注意到我在走神。A. sbbing抽泣；B. wandering徘徊，走神；C. eating吃；D. staring盯着。根据第二题句意“当我看着那个家伙把辣酱涂在他的香肠上时，我的脑海里盘旋着前一天去看医生时的沮丧”可知，作者吃早饭时还在想着看病的事情，走神了。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他看起来还不错，但我没心情闲聊。A. psitin位置；B. md情绪；C. cnditin条件，状况；D. hurry匆忙。根据上文“I’d cvered ____3____ thrugh a snwstrm t see him, but he didn’t have answers t my prblems.”可知，作者就医不顺利，心情不好，导致她在早餐时不想过多交谈。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把头探回盘子，往嘴里塞了一口烤面包，示意我们的谈话结束。A. zipped拉上拉链；B. pened打开；C. stuffed塞满，填满；D. wiped清楚，擦去。根据下文“my muth with a bite f tast”可知，作者正往嘴里塞面包。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. end结束；B. climax高潮；C. cre核心；D. tpic话题。从前文可以看出，作者吃早餐时情绪不佳，不想交谈，因此往嘴里塞面包来标志对话的结束。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：让我松了一口气的是，那个年轻人把手伸进背包，拿出了一本笔记本。A. srrw悲伤；B. relief宽慰；C. disappintment失望；D. gratitude感激。根据下文“the yung man reached int his backpack and pulled ut a ntebk. He wrte as he ate.”可知，年轻人不再说话，这让作者感到宽慰。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：沉默了一会儿之后，我开始为打断他的话而感到内疚。A. pulling ver靠边停车；B. breaking up分解；C. keeping ut不让进入；D. cutting ff打断。根据下文““Are yu a writer?” I asked, ____10____ my vice.”作者重新开始向年轻人提问、聊天，可知作者对于打断年轻人的话感到内疚。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你是一名作家吗？”我柔声问道。A. strengthening加强；B. deepening加深；C. sftening使柔和；D. raising提高。根据上文“I started t feel bad abut ____9____ his wrds.”可知，作者重新开始聊天时稍感愧疚，因此在重新对话时，语气比较柔和。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在沉默中我能感觉到他的痛苦。A. pain痛苦；B. hesitatin犹豫；C. sympathy同情；D. embarrassment尴尬。根据下文“She’s fighting lung cancer and I’m making her a smile list.”可以推测年轻人在面临亲人患病时的痛苦。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“听到这个我很难过，”我说，感觉更糟了。A. cautius小心的，谨慎的；B. nervus紧张的；C. wrse更差的；D. surprised感到惊讶的。根据上文“I started t feel bad abut ____9____ his wrds.”可知，作者在了解到年轻人母亲生病后，感觉更糟糕了。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“哦，只是给她一点安慰祝福。”A. cincidences巧合；B. chres家务；C. rutines常规；D. blessings祝福，恩赐。根据下文“Watching the sunrise”、“Finding a shiny penny”可知，这些都是生活中的小小的幸事。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“请你读一下你的“微笑清单”，会不会太私人了？”A. bad坏的；B. persnal个人的；C. late晚的；D. mistaken错误的。从语境中涉及的一般社交礼仪可知，这个微笑清单可能会涉及个人隐私，persnal符合题意。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与一位好心的女士共桌吃早餐。A. nice友好的，亲切的；B. talkative健谈的；C. humrus幽默的；D. curius好奇的。从上文中年轻人界定的小幸事可以推测他认为作者是个友善的女士，与作者同桌进餐是一种美好体验。故选A。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Fr Fang Rui, walking the streets f Nanjing and taking in the buildings and culture f the histrical city is almst a ____36____ (day) rutine. The 28-year-ld landscape designer fund that walking thrugh the city while ____37____ (bserve) cultural and histrical sites gave her life new meaning.
The city-walk pastime f fllwing ____38____ (plan) rutes t explre a city’s histry, culture and urban envirnment riginated in Lndn. The pastime is nw attracting a grwing number f fllwers in China, with many yung peple taking part. The scale f the trend is hard ____39____ (measure), but widely shared scial media psts dcument different rutes in varius metrplises with vivid descriptins and pictures. Fr turists as well as lcals nt ____40____ (full) familiar with a city’s histry and culture, the rganized walks are ____41____ authentic and immersive experience. Walk rganizers have a mre persnalized and deeper understanding f their city, ____42____ ges beynd just visiting icnic landmarks.
In May, Fang rganized a free city walk fr arund 50 peple wh came frm all ver the cuntry t experience a deeper cnnectin with Nanjing. She chse t walk in Cinna Lane, r Xinan Li, a turist area nt as ppular r famus ____43____ ther Nanjing landmarks like Fuzimia Cnfucius Temple r Sun Yat-sen Mausleum. In terms f its grand scale and layut, it ____44____ (believe) t be the largest and mst cmplete ancient residential building cmpund in China. “One f the aims f ur city walks is t als let _____45_____ (participate) becme witnesses t the transfrmatin f the city itself,” Fang said.
【答案】36. daily
37. bserving
38. planned
39. t measure
40. fully 41. an
42. which 43. as
44. is believed
45. participants
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章通过一个年轻人在南京组织的city walk活动来介绍这种新型旅游方式的特点及受欢迎程度。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：对于方睿(音译)来说，走在南京的街道上，欣赏这座历史名城的建筑和文化，几乎是他的日常生活。修饰名词rutine需填形容词daily，作定语。故填daily。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这位28岁的景观设计师发现，在城市中漫步，观察文化和历史遗迹，给了她新的生活意义。walking和bserving两个动作是同时发生的，while后使用现在分词形式bserving作伴随状语。故填bserving。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：城市步行活动起源于伦敦，人们沿着规划好的路线，探索一个城市的历史、文化和城市环境。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词rutes，plan和rutes为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填planned。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这种趋势规模很难衡量，但社交媒体上广泛分享的帖子用生动的描述和图片记录了各个大都市的不同路线。be adj.+t d为固定用法，此处用动词不定式主动表被动。故填t measure。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：对于游客和不完全熟悉一个城市的历史和文化的当地人来说，有组织的散步是一种真实而身临其境的体验。修饰动词短语be familiar with，应用副词fully，作状语。故填fully。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意同上。experience为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且authentic发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：步行组织者对他们的城市有更个性化和更深入的了解，这不仅仅是参观标志性的地标。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，关系词在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【43题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：她选择了在Cinna Lane（或新安里）散步，这是一个旅游景区，没有南京的其他地标，如夫子庙或中山陵那样受欢迎或著名。nt as…as为固定句型，此处as引导比较状语从句。故填as。
【44题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：就其规模和布局而言，它被认为是中国最大和最完整的古代住宅建筑群。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语it和believe为被动关系，主语为it，be动词用is，It is believed that…为固定句型，意为“它被认为是……”。故填is believed。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：方说:“我们城市步行的目的之一是让参与者成为城市本身转变的见证人。”空处需填名词作宾语，结合“witnesses”可知，使用名词复数形式。故填participants。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，请向21st Century Teens的“Sunshine Sprts”专栏投稿，介绍一下你校的阳光体育活动。要点包括：
1. 活动目的；
2. 组织形式；
3. 个人收获。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Aiming t relieve study pressure, enhance students’ physical and mental health, ur schl has launched the “Sunshine Sprts” campaign ver the past term.
Amng a series f ptins, which include badmintn, vlleyball, tennis, table tennis and gymnastics, students select ne autnmusly based n interest. After cnfirming chices and gruped, they are guided t play certain sprts respectively by PE teachers at 4 ’clck every Tuesday afternn n the playgrund r in the schl gym.
I picked badmintn as my event. After mnths’ training, my skills have been sharpened and my health imprved bviusly, and I am seldm seen sleepy in class nw! It’s indeed a prject wrth prmting.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生向21st Century Teens的“Sunshine Sprts”专栏投稿，介绍一下学校的阳光体育活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
增强：enhance→strengthen
挑选：select→pick ut
明显地：bviusly→evidently
压力：pressure→stress
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：It’s indeed a prject wrth prmting.
拓展句：It’s indeed a prject that is wrth prmting.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Aiming t relieve study pressure, enhance students’ physical and mental health, ur schl has launched the “Sunshine Sprts” campaign ver the past term.（运用了现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]Amng a series f ptins, which include badmintn, vlleyball, tennis, table tennis and gymnastics, students select ne autnmusly based n interest.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
第二节（满分 25 分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Will yu give my kite a lift?” said my little nephew t his sister, after trying in vain t make it fly by dragging it alng the grund. Lucy very kindly tk it up and threw it int the air, but her brther neglecting t run ff at the same mment, the kite fell dwn again. “Ah! Nw, hw awkward yu are!” said the little fellw. “It was yur fault entirely,” answered his sister. “Try again.”
Lucy nce mre tk up the kite. But nw Jhn was in t great a hurry; he ran ff s suddenly that he pulled the kite ut f her hand, and it fell flat as befre. “Well, wh is t blame nw?” asked Lucy. “Try again,” said I. They did, and with mre care; but a side wind cming suddenly, as Lucy let g the kite, it was blwn against sme bushes, and the tail became twisted in a mment, leaving the pr kite hanging with its head dwnward.
“There, there!” exclaimed Jhn. “That cmes f yur thrwing it all t ne side.” “As if I culd make the wind blw straight,” said Lucy. In the meantime, I went t the kite’s assistance; and having disengaged the lng tail, I rlled it up, saying, “Cme, children, there are t many trees here; let us find a mre pen space, and then try again.”
We presently fund a nice grassplt, at ne side f which I tk my stand; and all things being prepared, I tssed the kite up just as little Jhn ran ff. It rse with all the dignity f a balln, and prmised a lfty flight; but Jhn, delighted t find it pulling s hard at the string, stpped shrt t lk upward and admire. The string lsened, the kite wavered, and, the wind nt being very favrable, dwn came the kite t the grass. “Jhn, yu shuld nt have stpped,” said I. “Hwever, try again.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“I wn’t try anymre,” he replied t me, rather upset. “
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We std there, gazing n the kite high up in the blue sky.
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【答案】 “I wn’t try anymre,” he replied t me, rather upset. “It is f n use, yu see. The kite wn’t fly, and I dn’t want t be trubled with it any lnger.” With these wrds, he tried hard t hld back the tears. “Oh, my little man! Wuld yu give up the sprt, after all the pains we have taken bth t make and t fly the kite? A few disappintments ught nt t discurage us.” I strked his hair and handed him the stick firmly, “Cme n and nw try again.” And he did try with all his effrts, fr the kite was carried upward n the breeze as lightly as a feather, and finally, we made it!
We std there, gazing n the kite high up in the blue sky. “Lk, lk, hw high it flies!” We all cheered and jumped with wild jy. After enjying the sight as lng as he pleased, little Jhn prceeded t rll up the string slwly; and when the kite fell, he tk it up with great merriment and care. “Shall we cme ut tmrrw, aunt, and try again?” Jhn lked at me eagerly. “Of curse, dear children,” I replied with a smile, adding, “And I hpe yu can recgnize the value f perseverance, even when nthing mre depends upn it than the flying f a kite. Whenever yu fail in yur attempts t d any gd thing, let yur mtt be—try again.”
【解析】
【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了这篇文章描述了一个小男孩约翰（Jhn）和他的姐姐露西（Lucy）尝试放风筝的有趣场景。约翰尝试了各种方法让风筝飞起来，但都没有成功。露西好心地帮助他，但风筝总是因为不同的原因而坠落。最终，约翰和露西在作者的帮助下找到了一个更开阔的空地。当作者抛起风筝，约翰开始跑时，风筝终于飞了起来，但约翰因为停下来欣赏风筝而让风筝再次坠落。整个过程中，虽然遇到了一些困难和挫折，但姐弟俩还是展现出了他们对放风筝的热情和耐心。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段首句内容““我不会再试了，”他很沮丧地回答我。”可知，第一段可描写作者劝说侄子坚持下去最终成功放飞风筝的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“我们站在那里，凝视着蓝天上高高的风筝。”可知，第二段可描写孩子们看到风筝飞起很高兴以及感悟。
2.续写线索：劝说侄子不要气馁——成功放飞风筝——孩子们欣喜若狂——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
想要做某事：want t d/wuld like t d
成功做到：make it/succeed in ding
意识到：recgnize/be aware f
抑制：hld back/restrain
情绪类
欢呼：cheer/applause
渴望地：eagerly/lngingly
【点睛】[高分句型1]
After enjying the sight as lng as he pleased, little Jhn prceeded t rll up the string slwly; and when the kite fell, he tk it up with great merriment and care.（运用了when引导时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]
And I hpe yu can recgnize the value f perseverance, even when nthing mre depends upn it than the flying f a kite.（运用了省略了that的宾语从句，when引导时间状语从句）