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2024年江苏省常州市中考一模英语试题（原卷版+解析版）
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这是一份2024年江苏省常州市中考一模英语试题（原卷版+解析版），文件包含2024年江苏省常州市中考一模英语试题原卷版docx、2024年江苏省常州市中考一模英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共28页， 欢迎下载使用。
注意事项：
1. 本试卷共8页，满分90分。考试时间100分钟。
2. 请将答案全部填写在答题卡上，在本试卷上答题无效。
一、单项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —Is ________ here?
—N, Bb and Tim have asked fr leave.
A. anybdyB. everybdyC. smebdyD. nbdy
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——大家都到齐了吗？——没有，鲍勃和提姆请假了。
考查复合不定代词。anybdy任何人；everybdy每个人；smebdy某人；nbdy没有人。由答语“N, Bb and Tim have asked fr leave.”可知问的是每个人是否到了，所以用“everybdy”。故选B。
2. T run ________ the prblems, but nt away frm them. That is what we shuld d.
A. beyndB. thrughC. twardsD. against
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：我们应该做的就是，跑向问题而不是回避它们。
考查介词辨析。 beynd超过、越过；thrugh穿过、通过；twards朝向、面向；against反对。根据“but nt away frm them”可知，此处指 “跑向问题”，故选C。
3. I knw Sphia’s favurite star is a female singer, s it ________ be this actr.
A. may ntB. mustn’tC. shuldn’tD. can’t
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：我知道Sphia最喜欢的明星是个女歌手，所以不可能是这个演员。
考查情态动词否定。may nt也许不是；mustn’t禁止；shuldn’t不应该；can’t不可能。本题“I knw Sphia’s favurite star is a female singer, s this actr.”可知，此处表示推测，can’t是否定推测，故选D。
4. The heres d nt win respect by shwing wh they are, but ________ they have dne.
A. whereB. whatC. hwD. when
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：英雄们赢得尊重的方式不是展示他们是谁，而是展示他们的所作所为。
考查宾语从句。where在哪里；what什么；hw怎样；when什么时候。空出是“shwing”后的宾语从句，且在从句中作宾语，需用what引导，故选B。
5. —We can save energy by riding bicycles r taking buses instead f driving private cars.
—________, we shuld recycle things like newspapers and clthes.
A. AnywayB. OtherwiseC. MreverD. Hwever
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我们可以骑自行车或者乘坐公共汽车代替驾驶私家车节约能源。——不仅如此，我们应该回收像报纸和衣服这样的东西。
考查副词辨析。Anyway无论如何；Otherwise否则；Mrever而且，此外；Hwever然而。根据“we shuld recycle things like newspapers and clthes”可知，此处表示递进关系，故选C。
6. Artemisinin (青蒿素) was first________ by Chinese scientist Tu Yuyu in the 1970s.
A. inventedB. createdC. prducedD. discvered
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：青蒿素于20世纪70年代被中国科学家屠呦呦首次发现。
考查动词。invented发明；created创造；prduced生产；discvered发现。青蒿素是本身就存在，只是后来才被屠呦呦发现，用动词discvered。故选D。
7. A true friend can see the pain in yur eyes ________ thers believe the smile n yur face.
A. becauseB. whileC. befreD. until
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：一个真正的朋友可以看到你眼中的痛苦，而其他人则相信你脸上的笑容。
考查连词。because因为；while然而；befre在……之前；until直到……为止。根据“A true friend can see the pain in yur believe the smile n yur face.”可知，前后两句是对比关系，所以填while。故选B。
8. Last summer, several terrible frest fires ________ in Califrnia and caused great lss.
A. brke utB. carried utC. put utD. turned ut
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：去年夏天，几次可怕的森林火灾在加利福利亚爆发了，造成了巨大的损失。
考查动词短语辨析。brke ut爆发；carried ut执行、实施；put ut熄灭、出版；turned ut结果是、生产、关掉。根据“terrible frest fires”和“ caused great lss”可知，可怕的森林火灾应是爆发了。故选A。
9. —Culd yu please tell me ________?
—Well, he is kind and helpful. Everyne in ur club likes him very much.
A. what des yur buddy likeB. what is yur buddy like
C. what yur buddy likesD. what yur buddy is like
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你的好友是什么样的人吗？ ——他很友善而且乐于助人。我们俱乐部的每个人都非常喜欢他。
考查情景交际和宾语从句。根据“he is kind and helpful.”可知，问句应是询问好友性格是什么样子的，be like问性格，llike问喜好，排除A、C；又因为此处是宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，排除B。故选D。
10. —Giving thers a helping hand nt nly helps us make friends but als makes us happy.
—________.
A. That’s all rightB. That’s the caseC. It’s my pleasureD. Dn’t mentin it
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——向别人伸出援助之手，不仅能帮助我们结交朋友，还能让我们快乐。 ——事实就是那样。
考查情景交际。That’s all right没关系；That’s the case事实就是那样；It’s my pleasure不客气；Dn’t mentin it没关系。根据“Giving thers a helping hand nt nly helps us make friends but als makes us happy.”可知，此空表示赞成，故选B。
二、完形填空（共12小题；每小题1分，满分12分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Life at Cambridge was exciting fr Charles. Then bug (虫子)-cllecting was a ___11___ activity amng the students there. They wuld spend a lt f time lking fr insects and hld cmpetitins t see wh culd find the mst ___12___ bugs! Bug-mad Charles sn became ne f these “cllectrs”.
___13___, while lking fr bugs, Charles fund a dead tree—a great place t lk fr new insects! He pulled away sme f its bark (树皮) and fund a very beautiful bug, which he caught with ne hand. He then fund ___14___, and caught it in his ther hand. That was ___15___ he saw a very unusual bug running arund.
Thinking quickly, he put ne f the insects he was hlding int his ___16___ s he culd catch the new ne. In a secnd, he realized he had made a big ___17___—the bug in his muth let ut sme sur juice that made him spit (吐) it ut. In a cugh, he ___18___ all three bugs and had t start lking all ver again! He culdn’t help but ___19___ at what had happened: hw amazing! It als gave him a great idea: why nt ___20___ a club where he and his friends culd taste ther unusual things?
Charles set up the Gluttn Club t share his interest in ___21___ strange creatures. The members wuld serve different insects and then cmpare their tastes t see which tasted best.
The by wh lved bugs never lst his interest in ___22___ the secrets f nature. He wuld g n t have many exciting adventures (冒险) and discver many amazing things.
Yu might nt have guessed that the by in this stry is Charles Darwin.
11.
A. hiddenB. ppularC. smallD. challenging
12.
A. strangeB. deliciusC. expensiveD. unusual
13.
A. OnceB. FinallyC. FirstlyD. Later
14.
A. the therB. thersC. antherD. the ne
15.
A. whenB. whereC. hwD. why
16.
A. pcketB. muthC. hairD. she
17.
A. achievementB. successC. surpriseD. mistake
18.
A. killedB. hurtC. lstD. caught
19.
A. cryB. laughC. shakeD. scream
20.
A. startB. manageC. chseD. cntrl
21.
A. catchingB. raisingC. eatingD. hlding
22.
A. filmingB. tellingC. watchingD. explring
【答案】11. B 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. A 16. B 17. D 18. C 19. B 20. A 21. C 22. D
【解析】
【导语】本文讲了达尔文读书时热衷收集昆虫，创立美食俱乐部品尝奇异生物，为日后探索自然奥秘奠定基础。
【11题详解】
句意：那时，收集虫子是那里学生的一项流行活动。
hidden隐藏的；ppular受欢迎的，流行的；small小的；challenging有挑战性的。根据“They wuld spend a lt f time lking fr insects and hld cmpetitins”可知，人们会花很多时间寻找虫子，由此推测这个活动很流行。故选B。
【12题详解】
句意：他们会花很多时间寻找昆虫并举行比赛，看看谁能找到最不寻常的虫子！
strange奇怪的；delicius美味的；expensive昂贵的；unusual不同寻常的。根据下文“he saw a very unusual bug running arund.”可知，他们要找的是最不同寻常的虫子。故选D。
【13题详解】
句意：有一次，在寻找虫子时，查尔斯发现了一棵枯树——一个寻找新昆虫的好地方！
Once有一次；Finally最终；Firstly首先；Later后来。根据“while lking fr bugs, Charles fund a dead tree—a great place t lk fr new insects”可知，此处讲的是他的一次寻找虫子的经历，所以填“有一次”，其他选项不符合句意，故选A。
【14题详解】
句意：然后他找到了另一只虫子，并用另一只手抓住了它。
the ther两者中的另一个；thers其他的（人或物）；anther再一，另一；the ne那一个。根据“He then fund...”可知，此处泛指发现了另一只虫子，无范围，所以填anther。故选C。
【15题详解】
句意：就在这时，他看到一只非常不寻常的虫子到处跑。
when……的时候；where……的地方；hw……的方式；why……的原因。根据“and caught it in his ther hand. That saw a very unusual bug running arund.”可知，此处指在用另一只手抓住虫子的时候看到一只非常不寻常的虫子，应用when引导从句，故选A。
16题详解】
句意：他快速地思考着，把手里拿着的一只昆虫放进嘴里，这样他就可以抓住新的昆虫了。
pcket口袋；muth嘴巴；hair头发；she鞋子。根据下文“the bug in his muth”可知，他把虫子放进了嘴里，故选B。
【17题详解】
句意：一秒钟后，他意识到自己犯了一个大错误——他嘴里的虫子吐出了一些酸汁，让他吐了出来。
achievement成就；success成功；surprise惊喜；mistake错误。根据“the bug in his muth let ut sme sur juice that made him spit (吐) it ut”可知，虫子吐出的酸汁使他不舒服，所以他认为把虫子放进嘴巴是一个错误的决定，故选D。
【18题详解】
句意：在咳嗽中，他失去了所有三只虫子，不得不重新开始寻找！
killed杀死；hurt伤害；lst失去；caught抓住。根据“had t start lking all ver again!”可知，需要重新再找虫子，应是之前的虫子都丢失了，故选C。
【19题详解】
句意：他忍不住对所发生的事情大笑起来：真是太神奇了！
cry哭；laugh大笑；shake摇晃；scream尖叫。根据“hw amazing”可知，此处指“大笑”，故选B。
【20题详解】
句意：这也给了他一个好主意：为什么不开一个俱乐部，让他和他的朋友们可以品尝到其他不寻常的东西呢？
start开设；manage管理；chse选择；cntrl控制。根据“set up the Gluttn Club”可知，此处指“开设一个俱乐部”，故选A。
【21题详解】
句意：查尔斯成立了饕餮俱乐部，以分享他对吃奇怪生物的兴趣。
catching抓；raising养；eating吃；hlding握住。根据“cmpare their tastes”可知，此处指“吃奇怪的生物”，故选C。
【22题详解】
句意：这个喜欢虫子的男孩从未失去探索大自然奥秘的兴趣。
filming拍摄；telling讲；watching看；explring探索。根据“He wuld g n t have many exciting adventures (冒险) and discver many amazing things.”可知，此处指“探索大自然”，故选D。
三、阅读理解（共14小题；每小题2分，满分28分）
阅读下面的短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
There are many idims r sayings in English that we use when we want t describe relatinships between and amng friends. Here are a few t practice with yur friends.
The idim “thrugh thick and thin” is used t describe a friend wh is lyal and supprtive during bad times as well as gd times. It mst ften describes a friendship that has been strng fr a lng time. Here are tw examples: Jhn and Lisa have been friends thrugh thick and thin. My best friend and I stayed tgether thrugh thick and thin.
If tw peple are “like tw peas (豌豆) in a pd”, it means that they get alng very well. They are tw very gd friends and they are very similar t each ther. I have never seen Lla and Camille argue; they are like tw peas in a pd.
Sme friends are especially sympathetic and easy t talk t. They are nt judgmental r impatient. They are gd at sharing ur pain, which helps reduce ur pain. A friend like this is ften called “a shulder t cry n”. We can g t this persn with a prblem r sadness and this persn can bring cmfrt t us.
“Hit it ff” with smene means falling in lve with smene quickly r getting alng with smene. This usually happens the first time tw peple are meeting. They ften share interests, gals and beliefs. This can happen between friends wh like each ther at first sight. Carmen and Isabel hit it ff at the party and are ging t a mvie tgether tday. Mike and I did nt hit it ff n ur first date, but we are ging t try nce mre.
23. Which f the fllwing may be friends thrugh thick and thin?
A. Friends wh ften play games.B. Friends wh help reduce pain.
C. Friends wh share a lng friendship.D. Friends wh are easy t deal with.
24. Which f the fllwing idims describes tw similar friends?
A. Hit it ff.B. Thrugh thick and thin.
C A shulder t cry n.D. Like tw peas in a pd.
25. What’s the purpse f the text?
A. T intrduce sme English idims.B. T explain what a gd friendship is.
C. T teach readers hw t learn idims well.D. T ffer sme examples f English sentences.
【答案】23. C 24. D 25. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几个描述朋友之间关系的习语。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The idim ‘thrugh thick and thin’ is used t describe a friend wh is lyal and supprtive during bad times as well as gd times. It mst ften describes a friendship that has been strng fr a lng time.”可知，“thrugh thick and thin”，即“风雨同舟”，这个成语用来描述一个在好时光和坏时光都忠诚支持的朋友，它最常用来形容长久以来牢固的友谊。因此，“风雨同舟”的朋友可能是分享长久友谊的朋友。故选C。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据“If tw peple are ‘like tw peas (豌豆) in a pd’, it means that they get alng very well. They are tw very gd friends and they are very similar t each ther.”可知，“like tw peas (豌豆) in a pd”，即“如出一辙”，意味着他们相处得非常好，他们是两个非常好的朋友，彼此非常相似。故选D。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文可知，文章主要介绍了几个描述朋友之间关系的习语，因此文章的目的是介绍一些英文习语。故选A。
B
Hw many times des the chrus (副歌) repeat in yur favrite sng? Repetitin is a feature that music arund the wrld likes t share. S, why des music depend s heavily n repetitin?
One part f the answer cmes frm what psychlgists (心理学家) call the mere expsure (纯粹的暴露) effect. In shrt, peple usually prefer things they’ve been expsed t befre. Fr example, a sng cmes n the radi that we dn’t especially like, but then we hear the sng at the grcery stre, at the mvie theater and again n the street crner. Sn, we are tapping t the beat, singing the wrds, and even dwnlading it.
Repetitin cnnects each bit f music t the next bit f music that fllws it. S when yu hear a few ntes, yu’re already imagining what’s cming next. Yur mind is uncnsciusly (无意识地) singing alng. Recent studies have shwn that when peple hear a part f music repeated, they are mre likely (可能的) t mve r tap alng t it. Repetitin invites us int music as imagined participants (参与者), rather than as passive (被动的) listeners.
Research has als shwn that listeners shifts their attentin acrss musical repetitins, paying attentin t different parts f the sund n each new listen. Yu might ntice the meldy f a phrase the first time, but when it’s repeated, yur attentin mves t hw the guitarist bends a pitch.
Critic (评论家) are ften embarrassed (被尴尬的) by music’s repetitiveness, finding it childish, but repetitin, far frm an embarrassment, is in fact a key feature that gives rise t the kind f experience as cncert.
26. Which f the fllwing belngs t (属于) the mere expsure effect?
A. The mre yu like a sng, the better yu will sing it.
B. The mre yu are clse t a play, the better yu will act it.
C. The mre yu hear a sng, the mre pssible yu will buy it.
D. The mre yu listen t a sng, the mre pssibly yu will like it.
27. Hw des repetitin invite us int music as imagined participants?
A. By singing with the sng.B. By listening t the music passively.
C. By expecting what’s cming next.D. By imagining what the ntes describe.
28. What des the underlined wrd “shift” prbably mean?
A. 固定B. 转移C. 夸大D. 冷却
【答案】26. D 27. C 28. B
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了音乐的重复性带来熟悉感和预测性，吸引听众参与，让人们无意识地哼唱并关注声音的不同部分，是音乐体验的关键特征。
26题详解】
细节理解题。根据“In shrt, peple usually prefer things they’ve been expsed t befre.”可知，暴露效应指的是人们通常更喜欢他们以前接触过的东西。D选项“你听一首歌的次数越多，你就越有可能喜欢它。”符合，故选D。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Repetitin cnnects each bit f music t the next bit f music that fllws it . S when yu hear a few ntes, yu’re already imagining what’s cming next. Yur mind is uncnsciusly (无意识地) singing alng.”可知，重复将每段音乐与随后的下一段音乐联系起来。所以当你听到几个音符时，你已经在想象下一个音符是什么了。你的大脑在无意识地跟着哼唱。故选C。
【28题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“paying attentin t different parts f the sund n each new listen”可知，每次重新听时都要注意声音的不同部分，所以划线单词意思为“转移”，故选B。
C
If I had a cld, I wuldn’t think twice abut telling my friends r my dctr. Fr sme reasn, hwever, mental (心理的) health is nt treated in the same way.
At my primary schl, mental health was nt discussed even nce as far as I can remember. This makes me wnder hw many ther schls are failing t educate their students n this tpic. It makes me sad that children grwing up with mental illness may feel like it is smething t be ashamed f (对……感到羞耻的) because it is never discussed. When I reached high schl, mental health was still seldm discussed. But when it was in the tpic f health r bilgy class, I was given a brad idea that mental illness was a “thing” that really lies.
In my pinin, verstressed high schl students culd benefit (获益) greatly frm mre deep discussins abut hw t deal with mental health prblems, such as hw t knw when yu shuld care abut yurself r a friend, r wh t reach ut fr help. I knw my friends and I culd have (本可以) benefited. Even if yu persnally have never faced mental health prblems, smene yu knw is sure t have, and yu can ffer timely help.
I believe we need t nrmalize (使……正常化) discussins abut mental health at an early age, rather than hiding them frm sight. At schl, I saw a student’s reprt n mental health educatin and hw it can be carried ut in the American schl system. The student used the film Inside Out (头脑特工队) t explain feelings t yunger kids. This reprt made me believe that it is pssible t start these discussins at a yung age if we try.
Althugh we can’t change the way peple think abut mental health ver ne night, there are still things we can d. Asking ur friends hw they’re feeling is a gd start.
29. What was mental health educatin like when the writer was in high schl?
A. It was dealt with in detail.B. It was paid n attentin t.
C. It was far frm enugh.D. It was cnsidered imprtant.
30. What can we infer (推断) frm Paragraph 3?
A. High schl students are under increasing stress these days.
B. There is an increased awareness f mental health prblems.
C. Many students are ashamed f having mental health prblems.
D. The writer might have had mental health prblems in high schl.
31. What did the writer learn frm the student’s reprt?
A. Kids wh are healthy utside might be ill inside.
B. Mental health discussins can be held with yung kids.
C. The American schl system is pen t mental health educatin.
D. Watching educatinal films can help children with mental illness.
32. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Mental health matters!B. Is it kay if it’s nt gd?
C. The earlier, the better!D. Hw t pay attentin t mental health?
【答案】29. C 30. D 31. B 32. A
【解析】
【导语】本文讲了心理健康问题不像感冒那样被重视，学校教育中也很少讨论。作者认为，公开讨论心理健康问题很重要，尤其是对压力大的高中生。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据“When I reached high schl, mental health was still seldm discussed.”可知，当作者上高中时，心理健康仍然很少被讨论。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据“I knw my friends and I culd have (本可以) benefited.”可知，作者在高中也有心理健康问题，故选D。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“This reprt made me believe that it is pssible t start these discussins at a yung age if we try.”可知，有可能在很小的时候就开始这些心理健康讨论。故选B。
【32题详解】
最佳标题题。本文讲了心理健康问题不像感冒那样被重视，学校教育中也很少讨论。作者认为，公开讨论心理健康问题很重要，尤其是对压力大的高中生。A选项“心理健康很重要！”符合，故选A。
D
“Nw it is ver,” he thught. All the wunds were hurting with the cld f the night. “I hpe s much I d nt have t fight again.”
But at midnight they came again in a grup. He culd nly see the lines in the water that their fins made and their phsphrescence as they threw themselves n the fish.
He beat their heads with the tiller (舵柄), but the ship shk heavily as they kncked belw... They drve in ne after anther, tearing ff the pieces f fish... He swung (摆动) the tiller with all his strength... He heard the tiller break... He threw his sharp prk as heavily as pssible... The last shark rlled away. There was nthing mre fr them t eat.
The ld man culd hardly breathe nw and he felt a strange taste in his muth. He spat (吐) int the cean and said. “Eat that, galans. And make a dream that yu’ve killed a man.”
After a while, he settled the ship n her curse. He had n thughts nr any feelings. He sailed lightly nw as well and as wisely as he culd. The ld man paid n attentin t anything except steering (驾驶). He nly nticed hw lightly and hw well the ship sailed nw — there was n great weight beside her.
“She’s gd,” he thught. “She is nt harmed in any way except fr the tiller. That is easily replaced.”
He culd feel he was inside the current (水流) nw and he culd see the lights f the beach. He knew where he was nw and it was nthing t get hme.
“The wind is ur friend, anyway,” he thught. Then he added, “Smetimes.” “And the great sea with ur friends and ur enemies. Bed is my friend. Just bed. Bed will be a great thing. It is easy when yu are beaten. I never knew hw easy it was. And what beat yu?” he thught.
“Nthing,” he said alud. “I went ut t far.”
33. What des the underlined wrd “they” in the 2nd paragraph refer t (指代)?
A. The sharks attacking the ship.B. The fish in the ship.
C. The fish in the sea.D. Birds abve the sea.
34. The underlined wrd “She” in the 6th paragraph means ________.
A. The last shark.B. The dead fish.C. The ship.D. The sea.
35. Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the stry?
A. The ld came hme safely with a ship f fish.
B. The ld man nly fught against ne shark that night.
C. The ld man wuld never g ut t catch fish any mre.
D. The ld man thught bed was always his gd friend.
36. What wrds can be used t describe the ld man in the stry?
A. Impatient and careless.B. Brave and fighting.
C. Brave but weak.D. Strng but scared.
【答案】33. A 34. C 35. D 36. B
【解析】
【导语】本文讲了老人与鲨鱼搏斗一夜，终于赶走了鲨鱼。尽管精疲力尽，但老人还是驾船返航。他意识到失败并不可怕，可怕的是不知道是什么打败了自己。
【33题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“He culd nly see the lines in the water that their fins made and their phsphrescence as they threw themselves n the fish.”及“but the ship shk heavily as they kncked belw”并结合选项可知，此处“they”指代的是攻击船的鲨鱼，故选A。
【34题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“She is nt harmed in any way except fr the tiller.”可知，“she”指代的是船，故选C。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Bed is my friend. Just bed.”可知，老人认为床一直是他的好朋友，故选D。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据“He beat their heads with the tiller (舵柄), but the ship shk heavily as they kncked last shark rlled away. There was nthing mre fr them t eat.”及“And what beat yu?”可知，他勇敢而好战的，故选B。
四、还原句子（共4小题；每小题1.5分，满分6分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的六个选项中选出四个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Chpsticks were first used in China and then intrduced t ther areas in the wrld. ___37___ Here are 3 things t knw abut them.
When were chpsticks invented?
Lng lng time ag Chinese ancestrs (祖先) actually als used hands t eat. Abut 3,000 years ag during the Shang Dynasty, Chinese peple started t use chpsticks. During the pre-Qin perid, chpsticks were called “Jia (梜)”, and in the Qin and Han dynasties, they were called “Zhu (箸)”. Because “Zhu” shares the same prnunciatin with “stp” in Chinese, which is an unlucky wrd, by the Ming Dynasty, peple began t call them “Kuai”, meaning “fast” in Chinese. ___38___
Wh invented chpsticks?
___39___ One is that Jiang Ziya was inspired (激励) t create chpsticks by a mythical (神话中的) bird. Anther ne is that Daji, the favrite cnsrt (妃子) f the King Zhu f Shang, invented chpsticks in rder t please the king. It is als said that Yu the Great, wh funded the Xia Dynasty, used sticks t pick up ht fd in rder t save time t cntrl flds. S, chpsticks came int being.
___40___
When eating with the elders, Chinese peple usually let the elders take up chpsticks befre anyne else. Besides, playing with chpsticks is thught t be a bad manner. It’s als implite t tap chpsticks n the edge f ne’s bwl, because in ancient China beggars (乞丐) ften did it t attract attentin.
A. What shuld we pay attentin t when using chpsticks?
B. What else shuld we knw abut the histry f chpsticks?
C. This is the rigin (起源) f tday’s name f Chinese chpsticks.
D. Chpsticks are cnsidered ne f the symbls f Chinese fd culture.
E. The inventin f chpsticks plays a very imprtant rle in Chinese histry.
F. There is n exact histrical recrd abut the questin, but there are many flk stries abut it.
【答案】37. D 38. C 39. F 40. A
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了筷子的相关信息，包括发明时间、发明者及使用注意点。
【37题详解】
根据“Chpsticks were first used in China and then intrduced t ther areas in the wrld.”可知，此空从总体上来介绍筷子，D选项“筷子被认为是中国饮食文化的象征之一。”符合，故选D。
【38题详解】
根据空格位置可知，此空总结该段落，C选项“这就是今天中国筷子名字的由来。”符合，故选C。
【39题详解】
根据“Wh invented chpsticks?”及“One is that Jiang Ziya was inspired (激励) t create chpsticks by a mythical (神话中的) bird.”可知，此空讲“问题的答案与故事有关”，F选项“关于这个问题没有确切的历史记载，但有许多民间故事。”符合，故选F。
【40题详解】
根据空格位置可知，此处为段落小标题，为特殊疑问句，结合段落大意可知，主要讲的是“使用筷子需要注意的内容”，A选项“使用筷子时要注意什么？”符合，故选A。
五、综合填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are many special days in a year, nt nly in the Western cuntries ___41___ in China. Mther’s Day is ne f them. It is a special day when peple shw respect t their mthers. But d yu knw hw it riginated (起源)?
Mther’s Day that ____42____ (celebrate) tday began with a wman named Anna Jarvis. She wrte ____43____ (thusand) f letters t the lcal gvernment and advised that the secnd Sunday in May shuld be celebrated ____44____ Mther’s Day. In 1914, the gvernment f the US ___45___ (final) agreed. After that, the secnd Sunday in May became a day t express lve fr mthers all ver the cuntry.
On Mther’s Day, children f all ____46____ (age) give their mthers different gifts. Ppular gifts include flwers, jewellery r candy. Children als d nice things s their mther will nt have t d any wrk n this day. Children ____47____ can’t be with their mther n the hliday send a card with a message f lve. They als call their mther n the telephne ___48___ (wish) her a happy day. Mther’s Day is ne f ___49___ (busy) days f the year fr telephne use in the US.
Nwadays, mre and mre peple arund the wrld like t celebrate Mther’s day. In China, many peple invite their mther t see a film r g ____50____ (travel). Sme family get tgether and have a big dinner fr this day. It makes their life clrful and their life is full f mre lve.
【答案】41. but
42. is celebrated
43. thusands
44. as 45. finally
46. ages 47. wh##that
48. t wish
49. the busiest
50. travelling
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了母亲节的起源和活动。
【41题详解】
句意：一年中有很多特殊的日子，不仅在西方国家，在中国也是如此。根据“nt nly”可知，考查nt (als)...“不仅……而且……”，故填but。
【42题详解】
句意：今天庆祝的母亲节始于一位名叫Anna Jarvis的女人。根据“Mther’s Day began with a wman named Anna Jarvis.”可知，此处为定语从句，that指代先行词“Mther’s Day”，与“celebrate”是被动关系，根据“tday”可知，从句为一般现在时的被动语态，主语为“Mther’s Day”，所以结构为“is+过去分词”；celebrate的过去分词为celebrated。故填is celebrated。
【43题详解】
句意：她给当地政府写了数千封信，并建议将五月的第二个星期日定为母亲节。根据“f letters”可知，此处考查thusands f“数千的”，故填thusands。
【44题详解】
句意：她给当地政府写了数千封信，并建议将五月的第二个星期日定为母亲节。根据“the secnd Sunday in May shuld be ’s Day.”可知，此处考查be celebrated as...“作为……被庆祝”，as“作为”符合句意，故填as。
【45题详解】
句意：1914年，美国政府终于同意了。根据“agreed”可知，此处填副词finally修饰动词，故填finally。
【46题详解】
句意：在母亲节，各个年龄段的孩子都会给母亲不同的礼物。根据“all”可知，此处填名词复数ages。故填ages。
【47题详解】
句意：不能在假期与母亲在一起的孩子会寄一张卡片，上面写着爱的信息。根据“’t be with their mther n the hliday send a card with a message f lve.”可知，此处为定语从句，从句缺少主语，且指代先行词“Children”，所以用关系代词wh/that。故填wh/that。
【48题详解】
句意：他们还打电话给母亲，祝她有快乐的一天。根据“They als call their mther n the a happy day.”可知，此处表示打电话的目的，表目的用动词不定式，故填t wish。
【49题详解】
句意：母亲节是美国一年中电话使用最繁忙的日子之一。根据“ne f”可知，考查ne f+the+形容词最高级+名词复数“……之一”，busy的最高级为busiest。故填the busiest。
【50题详解】
句意：在中国，很多人邀请妈妈去看电影或去旅游。根据“g”可知，考查g+动名词“去做某事”，travel的动名词为travelling。故填travelling。
六、根据所给中文完成句子（共6小题；每小题1.5分，满分9分）
51. 三思过后，他们做出了缩短行程的决定。
After ________________, they ________________.
【答案】 ①. thinking twice ②. decided t cut the trip shrt##decided t cut the jurney shrt
【解析】
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“三思”和“做出了缩短行程的决定”的英文表达。think twice“三思”，介词“after”后填动名词thinking；decide t d sth.“做出决定做某事”，该句为一般过去时，填动词过去式decided；cut the trip/jurney shrt“缩短行程”。故填thinking twice；decided t cut the trip/jurney shrt。
52. 每当落后时，他们是怎么让自己振作起来的?
Hw did they ________________________?
【答案】cheer themselves up when falling behind (every time)##cheer themselves up each time they fell behind
【解析】
【详解】根据汉语提示可知缺少部分是“让自己振作起来”和时间状语“每当落后时”，主语是“they”，因此“让自己振作起来”译为“cheer themselves up”，作谓语部分；“每当落后时”可用“when+现在分词”表达，“落后”译为“fall behind”，即“when falling behind (every time)”，也可用“each time+从句”表达，根据“did”可知时态为一般过去时，即“each time they fell behind”。故填cheer themselves up when falling behind (every time) /each time they fell behind。
53. 吉姆觉得很有必要再编两个故事。
Jim thught ________________________.
【答案】it necessary t make up anther tw stries/it was necessary t make up anther tw stries/it necessary t make up tw mre stries/it was necessary t make up tw mre stries
【解析】
【详解】必要的：necessary；编造：make up；再两个故事：anther tw stries/tw mre stries。根据英汉对比可知，此处可以采用think+宾语从句或者think+宾语+宾语补足语；可以用it代替动词不定式作形式宾语或者用it代替动词不定式作形式主语，即：think it+形容词+动词不定式；think it be+形容词+动词不定式。根据主句用一般过去时，所以从句中的be用过去式，故填it necessary t make up anther tw stries/it was necessary t make up anther tw stries/it necessary t make up tw mre stries/it was necessary t make up tw mre strie。
54. 最终证明，迈克与这次事故无关。
________________ Mike ________________ the accident.
【答案】 ①. It turned ut that ②. had nthing t d with
【解析】
【详解】本题需要表达“结果证明他与这次事故无关”这一语义。分析句子可知，本句主语是“It”，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用一般过去式，“结果证明”用到的短语是turn ut，turn应变为过去式turned；“Mike与这次事故无关”是一个完整的句子，所以可用that引导的句子来作宾语；“与……无关”用到的短语是have nthing t d with，have应变为过去式had。故填It turned ut that；had nthing t d with。
55. 西蒙宁愿被嘲笑也不愿放弃自己的梦想。
Simn ________________________________.
【答案】wuld rather be laughed at than give up his dream
【解析】
【详解】根据中英文提示可知，此处缺少成分“宁愿被嘲笑也不愿放弃自己的梦想”，wuld rather d sth. than d sth.“宁愿做某事也不愿做某事”，后接动词原形；laugh at“嘲笑”，被动语态为be laughed at；give up his dream“放弃自己的梦想”。故填wuld rather be laughed at than give up his dream。
56. 火势失控后，及时扑灭大火是多么费劲啊！
Hw ________________ after it is ________________ !
【答案】 ①. difficult it is t put ut the fire ②. ut f cntrl
【解析】
【详解】根据中文提示可知，第一空是一个以Hw引导的感叹句，Hw引导的感叹句结构是：Hw+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其他，Hw difficult it is t put ut the fire in time“及时扑灭大火是多么费劲啊”；第二空应填意为“失控”的英文表达，ut f cntrl“失控”。故填difficult it is t put ut the fire；ut f cntrl。
七、书面表达（共1题；满分15分）
57. 常州历史文化底蕴深厚、经济实力雄厚、自然风光秀丽、人文景观丰富。某报社正在征集主题为“你眼中的常州”的文章，请你写篇英语文章投稿，谈谈你的看法。
Yu shud share yur ideas abut the tpic:
1. What was Changzhu like 10 years ag?
2. What is Changzhu like nw?
3. What d yu think f the changes?
注意：
1. 文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称；
2. 要点齐全，语句通顺，表达清晰，书写规范；
3. 词数不少于100。文章的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Changzhu, my hmetwn, has changed a lt ver the past ten years.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Pssible versin:
Changzhu, my hmetwn, has changed a lt ver the past ten years.
Ten years ag, Changzhu was a quiet and small city with fewer shps and cars. When ging utside, peple didn’t have many chices but t take a bus and it tk them much time. There were nly a few parks and peple needed t pay fr visiting them. Life was a little bring and hard.
Nwadays, Changzhu has becme a mdern place. Mre wide rads and undergrunds make it cnvenient/easy fr us t g everywhere. Besides, s many different pen parks have been built and we can enjy different views freely. Mre imprtantly, peple here have becme richer, and we are devting urselves t making the city mre beautiful and the life better.
What great changes! As we knw, changes mean nt nly pwer but als chances. I hpe mre changes will take place in Changzhu.
【解析】
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇话题作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”，描写十年前的样子用“一般过去时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏信息提示的内容，适当增加细节，并且突出写作的重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍常州十年前的样子；
第二步，介绍常州现在的样子；
第三步，谈谈你对变化的看法。
[亮点词汇]
①devte neself t ding致力于做某事
②nt nly…but als…不仅……而且……
③take place发生
[高分句型]
①What great changes! (感叹句)
②I hpe mre changes will take place in Changzhu. (宾语从句)
注意事项：
1. 本试卷共8页，满分90分。考试时间100分钟。
2. 请将答案全部填写在答题卡上，在本试卷上答题无效。
一、单项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —Is ________ here?
—N, Bb and Tim have asked fr leave.
A. anybdyB. everybdyC. smebdyD. nbdy
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——大家都到齐了吗？——没有，鲍勃和提姆请假了。
考查复合不定代词。anybdy任何人；everybdy每个人；smebdy某人；nbdy没有人。由答语“N, Bb and Tim have asked fr leave.”可知问的是每个人是否到了，所以用“everybdy”。故选B。
2. T run ________ the prblems, but nt away frm them. That is what we shuld d.
A. beyndB. thrughC. twardsD. against
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：我们应该做的就是，跑向问题而不是回避它们。
考查介词辨析。 beynd超过、越过；thrugh穿过、通过；twards朝向、面向；against反对。根据“but nt away frm them”可知，此处指 “跑向问题”，故选C。
3. I knw Sphia’s favurite star is a female singer, s it ________ be this actr.
A. may ntB. mustn’tC. shuldn’tD. can’t
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：我知道Sphia最喜欢的明星是个女歌手，所以不可能是这个演员。
考查情态动词否定。may nt也许不是；mustn’t禁止；shuldn’t不应该；can’t不可能。本题“I knw Sphia’s favurite star is a female singer, s this actr.”可知，此处表示推测，can’t是否定推测，故选D。
4. The heres d nt win respect by shwing wh they are, but ________ they have dne.
A. whereB. whatC. hwD. when
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：英雄们赢得尊重的方式不是展示他们是谁，而是展示他们的所作所为。
考查宾语从句。where在哪里；what什么；hw怎样；when什么时候。空出是“shwing”后的宾语从句，且在从句中作宾语，需用what引导，故选B。
5. —We can save energy by riding bicycles r taking buses instead f driving private cars.
—________, we shuld recycle things like newspapers and clthes.
A. AnywayB. OtherwiseC. MreverD. Hwever
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我们可以骑自行车或者乘坐公共汽车代替驾驶私家车节约能源。——不仅如此，我们应该回收像报纸和衣服这样的东西。
考查副词辨析。Anyway无论如何；Otherwise否则；Mrever而且，此外；Hwever然而。根据“we shuld recycle things like newspapers and clthes”可知，此处表示递进关系，故选C。
6. Artemisinin (青蒿素) was first________ by Chinese scientist Tu Yuyu in the 1970s.
A. inventedB. createdC. prducedD. discvered
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：青蒿素于20世纪70年代被中国科学家屠呦呦首次发现。
考查动词。invented发明；created创造；prduced生产；discvered发现。青蒿素是本身就存在，只是后来才被屠呦呦发现，用动词discvered。故选D。
7. A true friend can see the pain in yur eyes ________ thers believe the smile n yur face.
A. becauseB. whileC. befreD. until
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：一个真正的朋友可以看到你眼中的痛苦，而其他人则相信你脸上的笑容。
考查连词。because因为；while然而；befre在……之前；until直到……为止。根据“A true friend can see the pain in yur believe the smile n yur face.”可知，前后两句是对比关系，所以填while。故选B。
8. Last summer, several terrible frest fires ________ in Califrnia and caused great lss.
A. brke utB. carried utC. put utD. turned ut
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：去年夏天，几次可怕的森林火灾在加利福利亚爆发了，造成了巨大的损失。
考查动词短语辨析。brke ut爆发；carried ut执行、实施；put ut熄灭、出版；turned ut结果是、生产、关掉。根据“terrible frest fires”和“ caused great lss”可知，可怕的森林火灾应是爆发了。故选A。
9. —Culd yu please tell me ________?
—Well, he is kind and helpful. Everyne in ur club likes him very much.
A. what des yur buddy likeB. what is yur buddy like
C. what yur buddy likesD. what yur buddy is like
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你的好友是什么样的人吗？ ——他很友善而且乐于助人。我们俱乐部的每个人都非常喜欢他。
考查情景交际和宾语从句。根据“he is kind and helpful.”可知，问句应是询问好友性格是什么样子的，be like问性格，llike问喜好，排除A、C；又因为此处是宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，排除B。故选D。
10. —Giving thers a helping hand nt nly helps us make friends but als makes us happy.
—________.
A. That’s all rightB. That’s the caseC. It’s my pleasureD. Dn’t mentin it
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——向别人伸出援助之手，不仅能帮助我们结交朋友，还能让我们快乐。 ——事实就是那样。
考查情景交际。That’s all right没关系；That’s the case事实就是那样；It’s my pleasure不客气；Dn’t mentin it没关系。根据“Giving thers a helping hand nt nly helps us make friends but als makes us happy.”可知，此空表示赞成，故选B。
二、完形填空（共12小题；每小题1分，满分12分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Life at Cambridge was exciting fr Charles. Then bug (虫子)-cllecting was a ___11___ activity amng the students there. They wuld spend a lt f time lking fr insects and hld cmpetitins t see wh culd find the mst ___12___ bugs! Bug-mad Charles sn became ne f these “cllectrs”.
___13___, while lking fr bugs, Charles fund a dead tree—a great place t lk fr new insects! He pulled away sme f its bark (树皮) and fund a very beautiful bug, which he caught with ne hand. He then fund ___14___, and caught it in his ther hand. That was ___15___ he saw a very unusual bug running arund.
Thinking quickly, he put ne f the insects he was hlding int his ___16___ s he culd catch the new ne. In a secnd, he realized he had made a big ___17___—the bug in his muth let ut sme sur juice that made him spit (吐) it ut. In a cugh, he ___18___ all three bugs and had t start lking all ver again! He culdn’t help but ___19___ at what had happened: hw amazing! It als gave him a great idea: why nt ___20___ a club where he and his friends culd taste ther unusual things?
Charles set up the Gluttn Club t share his interest in ___21___ strange creatures. The members wuld serve different insects and then cmpare their tastes t see which tasted best.
The by wh lved bugs never lst his interest in ___22___ the secrets f nature. He wuld g n t have many exciting adventures (冒险) and discver many amazing things.
Yu might nt have guessed that the by in this stry is Charles Darwin.
11.
A. hiddenB. ppularC. smallD. challenging
12.
A. strangeB. deliciusC. expensiveD. unusual
13.
A. OnceB. FinallyC. FirstlyD. Later
14.
A. the therB. thersC. antherD. the ne
15.
A. whenB. whereC. hwD. why
16.
A. pcketB. muthC. hairD. she
17.
A. achievementB. successC. surpriseD. mistake
18.
A. killedB. hurtC. lstD. caught
19.
A. cryB. laughC. shakeD. scream
20.
A. startB. manageC. chseD. cntrl
21.
A. catchingB. raisingC. eatingD. hlding
22.
A. filmingB. tellingC. watchingD. explring
【答案】11. B 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. A 16. B 17. D 18. C 19. B 20. A 21. C 22. D
【解析】
【导语】本文讲了达尔文读书时热衷收集昆虫，创立美食俱乐部品尝奇异生物，为日后探索自然奥秘奠定基础。
【11题详解】
句意：那时，收集虫子是那里学生的一项流行活动。
hidden隐藏的；ppular受欢迎的，流行的；small小的；challenging有挑战性的。根据“They wuld spend a lt f time lking fr insects and hld cmpetitins”可知，人们会花很多时间寻找虫子，由此推测这个活动很流行。故选B。
【12题详解】
句意：他们会花很多时间寻找昆虫并举行比赛，看看谁能找到最不寻常的虫子！
strange奇怪的；delicius美味的；expensive昂贵的；unusual不同寻常的。根据下文“he saw a very unusual bug running arund.”可知，他们要找的是最不同寻常的虫子。故选D。
【13题详解】
句意：有一次，在寻找虫子时，查尔斯发现了一棵枯树——一个寻找新昆虫的好地方！
Once有一次；Finally最终；Firstly首先；Later后来。根据“while lking fr bugs, Charles fund a dead tree—a great place t lk fr new insects”可知，此处讲的是他的一次寻找虫子的经历，所以填“有一次”，其他选项不符合句意，故选A。
【14题详解】
句意：然后他找到了另一只虫子，并用另一只手抓住了它。
the ther两者中的另一个；thers其他的（人或物）；anther再一，另一；the ne那一个。根据“He then fund...”可知，此处泛指发现了另一只虫子，无范围，所以填anther。故选C。
【15题详解】
句意：就在这时，他看到一只非常不寻常的虫子到处跑。
when……的时候；where……的地方；hw……的方式；why……的原因。根据“and caught it in his ther hand. That saw a very unusual bug running arund.”可知，此处指在用另一只手抓住虫子的时候看到一只非常不寻常的虫子，应用when引导从句，故选A。
16题详解】
句意：他快速地思考着，把手里拿着的一只昆虫放进嘴里，这样他就可以抓住新的昆虫了。
pcket口袋；muth嘴巴；hair头发；she鞋子。根据下文“the bug in his muth”可知，他把虫子放进了嘴里，故选B。
【17题详解】
句意：一秒钟后，他意识到自己犯了一个大错误——他嘴里的虫子吐出了一些酸汁，让他吐了出来。
achievement成就；success成功；surprise惊喜；mistake错误。根据“the bug in his muth let ut sme sur juice that made him spit (吐) it ut”可知，虫子吐出的酸汁使他不舒服，所以他认为把虫子放进嘴巴是一个错误的决定，故选D。
【18题详解】
句意：在咳嗽中，他失去了所有三只虫子，不得不重新开始寻找！
killed杀死；hurt伤害；lst失去；caught抓住。根据“had t start lking all ver again!”可知，需要重新再找虫子，应是之前的虫子都丢失了，故选C。
【19题详解】
句意：他忍不住对所发生的事情大笑起来：真是太神奇了！
cry哭；laugh大笑；shake摇晃；scream尖叫。根据“hw amazing”可知，此处指“大笑”，故选B。
【20题详解】
句意：这也给了他一个好主意：为什么不开一个俱乐部，让他和他的朋友们可以品尝到其他不寻常的东西呢？
start开设；manage管理；chse选择；cntrl控制。根据“set up the Gluttn Club”可知，此处指“开设一个俱乐部”，故选A。
【21题详解】
句意：查尔斯成立了饕餮俱乐部，以分享他对吃奇怪生物的兴趣。
catching抓；raising养；eating吃；hlding握住。根据“cmpare their tastes”可知，此处指“吃奇怪的生物”，故选C。
【22题详解】
句意：这个喜欢虫子的男孩从未失去探索大自然奥秘的兴趣。
filming拍摄；telling讲；watching看；explring探索。根据“He wuld g n t have many exciting adventures (冒险) and discver many amazing things.”可知，此处指“探索大自然”，故选D。
三、阅读理解（共14小题；每小题2分，满分28分）
阅读下面的短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
There are many idims r sayings in English that we use when we want t describe relatinships between and amng friends. Here are a few t practice with yur friends.
The idim “thrugh thick and thin” is used t describe a friend wh is lyal and supprtive during bad times as well as gd times. It mst ften describes a friendship that has been strng fr a lng time. Here are tw examples: Jhn and Lisa have been friends thrugh thick and thin. My best friend and I stayed tgether thrugh thick and thin.
If tw peple are “like tw peas (豌豆) in a pd”, it means that they get alng very well. They are tw very gd friends and they are very similar t each ther. I have never seen Lla and Camille argue; they are like tw peas in a pd.
Sme friends are especially sympathetic and easy t talk t. They are nt judgmental r impatient. They are gd at sharing ur pain, which helps reduce ur pain. A friend like this is ften called “a shulder t cry n”. We can g t this persn with a prblem r sadness and this persn can bring cmfrt t us.
“Hit it ff” with smene means falling in lve with smene quickly r getting alng with smene. This usually happens the first time tw peple are meeting. They ften share interests, gals and beliefs. This can happen between friends wh like each ther at first sight. Carmen and Isabel hit it ff at the party and are ging t a mvie tgether tday. Mike and I did nt hit it ff n ur first date, but we are ging t try nce mre.
23. Which f the fllwing may be friends thrugh thick and thin?
A. Friends wh ften play games.B. Friends wh help reduce pain.
C. Friends wh share a lng friendship.D. Friends wh are easy t deal with.
24. Which f the fllwing idims describes tw similar friends?
A. Hit it ff.B. Thrugh thick and thin.
C A shulder t cry n.D. Like tw peas in a pd.
25. What’s the purpse f the text?
A. T intrduce sme English idims.B. T explain what a gd friendship is.
C. T teach readers hw t learn idims well.D. T ffer sme examples f English sentences.
【答案】23. C 24. D 25. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几个描述朋友之间关系的习语。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The idim ‘thrugh thick and thin’ is used t describe a friend wh is lyal and supprtive during bad times as well as gd times. It mst ften describes a friendship that has been strng fr a lng time.”可知，“thrugh thick and thin”，即“风雨同舟”，这个成语用来描述一个在好时光和坏时光都忠诚支持的朋友，它最常用来形容长久以来牢固的友谊。因此，“风雨同舟”的朋友可能是分享长久友谊的朋友。故选C。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据“If tw peple are ‘like tw peas (豌豆) in a pd’, it means that they get alng very well. They are tw very gd friends and they are very similar t each ther.”可知，“like tw peas (豌豆) in a pd”，即“如出一辙”，意味着他们相处得非常好，他们是两个非常好的朋友，彼此非常相似。故选D。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文可知，文章主要介绍了几个描述朋友之间关系的习语，因此文章的目的是介绍一些英文习语。故选A。
B
Hw many times des the chrus (副歌) repeat in yur favrite sng? Repetitin is a feature that music arund the wrld likes t share. S, why des music depend s heavily n repetitin?
One part f the answer cmes frm what psychlgists (心理学家) call the mere expsure (纯粹的暴露) effect. In shrt, peple usually prefer things they’ve been expsed t befre. Fr example, a sng cmes n the radi that we dn’t especially like, but then we hear the sng at the grcery stre, at the mvie theater and again n the street crner. Sn, we are tapping t the beat, singing the wrds, and even dwnlading it.
Repetitin cnnects each bit f music t the next bit f music that fllws it. S when yu hear a few ntes, yu’re already imagining what’s cming next. Yur mind is uncnsciusly (无意识地) singing alng. Recent studies have shwn that when peple hear a part f music repeated, they are mre likely (可能的) t mve r tap alng t it. Repetitin invites us int music as imagined participants (参与者), rather than as passive (被动的) listeners.
Research has als shwn that listeners shifts their attentin acrss musical repetitins, paying attentin t different parts f the sund n each new listen. Yu might ntice the meldy f a phrase the first time, but when it’s repeated, yur attentin mves t hw the guitarist bends a pitch.
Critic (评论家) are ften embarrassed (被尴尬的) by music’s repetitiveness, finding it childish, but repetitin, far frm an embarrassment, is in fact a key feature that gives rise t the kind f experience as cncert.
26. Which f the fllwing belngs t (属于) the mere expsure effect?
A. The mre yu like a sng, the better yu will sing it.
B. The mre yu are clse t a play, the better yu will act it.
C. The mre yu hear a sng, the mre pssible yu will buy it.
D. The mre yu listen t a sng, the mre pssibly yu will like it.
27. Hw des repetitin invite us int music as imagined participants?
A. By singing with the sng.B. By listening t the music passively.
C. By expecting what’s cming next.D. By imagining what the ntes describe.
28. What des the underlined wrd “shift” prbably mean?
A. 固定B. 转移C. 夸大D. 冷却
【答案】26. D 27. C 28. B
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了音乐的重复性带来熟悉感和预测性，吸引听众参与，让人们无意识地哼唱并关注声音的不同部分，是音乐体验的关键特征。
26题详解】
细节理解题。根据“In shrt, peple usually prefer things they’ve been expsed t befre.”可知，暴露效应指的是人们通常更喜欢他们以前接触过的东西。D选项“你听一首歌的次数越多，你就越有可能喜欢它。”符合，故选D。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Repetitin cnnects each bit f music t the next bit f music that fllws it . S when yu hear a few ntes, yu’re already imagining what’s cming next. Yur mind is uncnsciusly (无意识地) singing alng.”可知，重复将每段音乐与随后的下一段音乐联系起来。所以当你听到几个音符时，你已经在想象下一个音符是什么了。你的大脑在无意识地跟着哼唱。故选C。
【28题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“paying attentin t different parts f the sund n each new listen”可知，每次重新听时都要注意声音的不同部分，所以划线单词意思为“转移”，故选B。
C
If I had a cld, I wuldn’t think twice abut telling my friends r my dctr. Fr sme reasn, hwever, mental (心理的) health is nt treated in the same way.
At my primary schl, mental health was nt discussed even nce as far as I can remember. This makes me wnder hw many ther schls are failing t educate their students n this tpic. It makes me sad that children grwing up with mental illness may feel like it is smething t be ashamed f (对……感到羞耻的) because it is never discussed. When I reached high schl, mental health was still seldm discussed. But when it was in the tpic f health r bilgy class, I was given a brad idea that mental illness was a “thing” that really lies.
In my pinin, verstressed high schl students culd benefit (获益) greatly frm mre deep discussins abut hw t deal with mental health prblems, such as hw t knw when yu shuld care abut yurself r a friend, r wh t reach ut fr help. I knw my friends and I culd have (本可以) benefited. Even if yu persnally have never faced mental health prblems, smene yu knw is sure t have, and yu can ffer timely help.
I believe we need t nrmalize (使……正常化) discussins abut mental health at an early age, rather than hiding them frm sight. At schl, I saw a student’s reprt n mental health educatin and hw it can be carried ut in the American schl system. The student used the film Inside Out (头脑特工队) t explain feelings t yunger kids. This reprt made me believe that it is pssible t start these discussins at a yung age if we try.
Althugh we can’t change the way peple think abut mental health ver ne night, there are still things we can d. Asking ur friends hw they’re feeling is a gd start.
29. What was mental health educatin like when the writer was in high schl?
A. It was dealt with in detail.B. It was paid n attentin t.
C. It was far frm enugh.D. It was cnsidered imprtant.
30. What can we infer (推断) frm Paragraph 3?
A. High schl students are under increasing stress these days.
B. There is an increased awareness f mental health prblems.
C. Many students are ashamed f having mental health prblems.
D. The writer might have had mental health prblems in high schl.
31. What did the writer learn frm the student’s reprt?
A. Kids wh are healthy utside might be ill inside.
B. Mental health discussins can be held with yung kids.
C. The American schl system is pen t mental health educatin.
D. Watching educatinal films can help children with mental illness.
32. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Mental health matters!B. Is it kay if it’s nt gd?
C. The earlier, the better!D. Hw t pay attentin t mental health?
【答案】29. C 30. D 31. B 32. A
【解析】
【导语】本文讲了心理健康问题不像感冒那样被重视，学校教育中也很少讨论。作者认为，公开讨论心理健康问题很重要，尤其是对压力大的高中生。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据“When I reached high schl, mental health was still seldm discussed.”可知，当作者上高中时，心理健康仍然很少被讨论。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据“I knw my friends and I culd have (本可以) benefited.”可知，作者在高中也有心理健康问题，故选D。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“This reprt made me believe that it is pssible t start these discussins at a yung age if we try.”可知，有可能在很小的时候就开始这些心理健康讨论。故选B。
【32题详解】
最佳标题题。本文讲了心理健康问题不像感冒那样被重视，学校教育中也很少讨论。作者认为，公开讨论心理健康问题很重要，尤其是对压力大的高中生。A选项“心理健康很重要！”符合，故选A。
D
“Nw it is ver,” he thught. All the wunds were hurting with the cld f the night. “I hpe s much I d nt have t fight again.”
But at midnight they came again in a grup. He culd nly see the lines in the water that their fins made and their phsphrescence as they threw themselves n the fish.
He beat their heads with the tiller (舵柄), but the ship shk heavily as they kncked belw... They drve in ne after anther, tearing ff the pieces f fish... He swung (摆动) the tiller with all his strength... He heard the tiller break... He threw his sharp prk as heavily as pssible... The last shark rlled away. There was nthing mre fr them t eat.
The ld man culd hardly breathe nw and he felt a strange taste in his muth. He spat (吐) int the cean and said. “Eat that, galans. And make a dream that yu’ve killed a man.”
After a while, he settled the ship n her curse. He had n thughts nr any feelings. He sailed lightly nw as well and as wisely as he culd. The ld man paid n attentin t anything except steering (驾驶). He nly nticed hw lightly and hw well the ship sailed nw — there was n great weight beside her.
“She’s gd,” he thught. “She is nt harmed in any way except fr the tiller. That is easily replaced.”
He culd feel he was inside the current (水流) nw and he culd see the lights f the beach. He knew where he was nw and it was nthing t get hme.
“The wind is ur friend, anyway,” he thught. Then he added, “Smetimes.” “And the great sea with ur friends and ur enemies. Bed is my friend. Just bed. Bed will be a great thing. It is easy when yu are beaten. I never knew hw easy it was. And what beat yu?” he thught.
“Nthing,” he said alud. “I went ut t far.”
33. What des the underlined wrd “they” in the 2nd paragraph refer t (指代)?
A. The sharks attacking the ship.B. The fish in the ship.
C. The fish in the sea.D. Birds abve the sea.
34. The underlined wrd “She” in the 6th paragraph means ________.
A. The last shark.B. The dead fish.C. The ship.D. The sea.
35. Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the stry?
A. The ld came hme safely with a ship f fish.
B. The ld man nly fught against ne shark that night.
C. The ld man wuld never g ut t catch fish any mre.
D. The ld man thught bed was always his gd friend.
36. What wrds can be used t describe the ld man in the stry?
A. Impatient and careless.B. Brave and fighting.
C. Brave but weak.D. Strng but scared.
【答案】33. A 34. C 35. D 36. B
【解析】
【导语】本文讲了老人与鲨鱼搏斗一夜，终于赶走了鲨鱼。尽管精疲力尽，但老人还是驾船返航。他意识到失败并不可怕，可怕的是不知道是什么打败了自己。
【33题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“He culd nly see the lines in the water that their fins made and their phsphrescence as they threw themselves n the fish.”及“but the ship shk heavily as they kncked belw”并结合选项可知，此处“they”指代的是攻击船的鲨鱼，故选A。
【34题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“She is nt harmed in any way except fr the tiller.”可知，“she”指代的是船，故选C。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Bed is my friend. Just bed.”可知，老人认为床一直是他的好朋友，故选D。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据“He beat their heads with the tiller (舵柄), but the ship shk heavily as they kncked last shark rlled away. There was nthing mre fr them t eat.”及“And what beat yu?”可知，他勇敢而好战的，故选B。
四、还原句子（共4小题；每小题1.5分，满分6分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的六个选项中选出四个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Chpsticks were first used in China and then intrduced t ther areas in the wrld. ___37___ Here are 3 things t knw abut them.
When were chpsticks invented?
Lng lng time ag Chinese ancestrs (祖先) actually als used hands t eat. Abut 3,000 years ag during the Shang Dynasty, Chinese peple started t use chpsticks. During the pre-Qin perid, chpsticks were called “Jia (梜)”, and in the Qin and Han dynasties, they were called “Zhu (箸)”. Because “Zhu” shares the same prnunciatin with “stp” in Chinese, which is an unlucky wrd, by the Ming Dynasty, peple began t call them “Kuai”, meaning “fast” in Chinese. ___38___
Wh invented chpsticks?
___39___ One is that Jiang Ziya was inspired (激励) t create chpsticks by a mythical (神话中的) bird. Anther ne is that Daji, the favrite cnsrt (妃子) f the King Zhu f Shang, invented chpsticks in rder t please the king. It is als said that Yu the Great, wh funded the Xia Dynasty, used sticks t pick up ht fd in rder t save time t cntrl flds. S, chpsticks came int being.
___40___
When eating with the elders, Chinese peple usually let the elders take up chpsticks befre anyne else. Besides, playing with chpsticks is thught t be a bad manner. It’s als implite t tap chpsticks n the edge f ne’s bwl, because in ancient China beggars (乞丐) ften did it t attract attentin.
A. What shuld we pay attentin t when using chpsticks?
B. What else shuld we knw abut the histry f chpsticks?
C. This is the rigin (起源) f tday’s name f Chinese chpsticks.
D. Chpsticks are cnsidered ne f the symbls f Chinese fd culture.
E. The inventin f chpsticks plays a very imprtant rle in Chinese histry.
F. There is n exact histrical recrd abut the questin, but there are many flk stries abut it.
【答案】37. D 38. C 39. F 40. A
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了筷子的相关信息，包括发明时间、发明者及使用注意点。
【37题详解】
根据“Chpsticks were first used in China and then intrduced t ther areas in the wrld.”可知，此空从总体上来介绍筷子，D选项“筷子被认为是中国饮食文化的象征之一。”符合，故选D。
【38题详解】
根据空格位置可知，此空总结该段落，C选项“这就是今天中国筷子名字的由来。”符合，故选C。
【39题详解】
根据“Wh invented chpsticks?”及“One is that Jiang Ziya was inspired (激励) t create chpsticks by a mythical (神话中的) bird.”可知，此空讲“问题的答案与故事有关”，F选项“关于这个问题没有确切的历史记载，但有许多民间故事。”符合，故选F。
【40题详解】
根据空格位置可知，此处为段落小标题，为特殊疑问句，结合段落大意可知，主要讲的是“使用筷子需要注意的内容”，A选项“使用筷子时要注意什么？”符合，故选A。
五、综合填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are many special days in a year, nt nly in the Western cuntries ___41___ in China. Mther’s Day is ne f them. It is a special day when peple shw respect t their mthers. But d yu knw hw it riginated (起源)?
Mther’s Day that ____42____ (celebrate) tday began with a wman named Anna Jarvis. She wrte ____43____ (thusand) f letters t the lcal gvernment and advised that the secnd Sunday in May shuld be celebrated ____44____ Mther’s Day. In 1914, the gvernment f the US ___45___ (final) agreed. After that, the secnd Sunday in May became a day t express lve fr mthers all ver the cuntry.
On Mther’s Day, children f all ____46____ (age) give their mthers different gifts. Ppular gifts include flwers, jewellery r candy. Children als d nice things s their mther will nt have t d any wrk n this day. Children ____47____ can’t be with their mther n the hliday send a card with a message f lve. They als call their mther n the telephne ___48___ (wish) her a happy day. Mther’s Day is ne f ___49___ (busy) days f the year fr telephne use in the US.
Nwadays, mre and mre peple arund the wrld like t celebrate Mther’s day. In China, many peple invite their mther t see a film r g ____50____ (travel). Sme family get tgether and have a big dinner fr this day. It makes their life clrful and their life is full f mre lve.
【答案】41. but
42. is celebrated
43. thusands
44. as 45. finally
46. ages 47. wh##that
48. t wish
49. the busiest
50. travelling
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了母亲节的起源和活动。
【41题详解】
句意：一年中有很多特殊的日子，不仅在西方国家，在中国也是如此。根据“nt nly”可知，考查nt (als)...“不仅……而且……”，故填but。
【42题详解】
句意：今天庆祝的母亲节始于一位名叫Anna Jarvis的女人。根据“Mther’s Day began with a wman named Anna Jarvis.”可知，此处为定语从句，that指代先行词“Mther’s Day”，与“celebrate”是被动关系，根据“tday”可知，从句为一般现在时的被动语态，主语为“Mther’s Day”，所以结构为“is+过去分词”；celebrate的过去分词为celebrated。故填is celebrated。
【43题详解】
句意：她给当地政府写了数千封信，并建议将五月的第二个星期日定为母亲节。根据“f letters”可知，此处考查thusands f“数千的”，故填thusands。
【44题详解】
句意：她给当地政府写了数千封信，并建议将五月的第二个星期日定为母亲节。根据“the secnd Sunday in May shuld be ’s Day.”可知，此处考查be celebrated as...“作为……被庆祝”，as“作为”符合句意，故填as。
【45题详解】
句意：1914年，美国政府终于同意了。根据“agreed”可知，此处填副词finally修饰动词，故填finally。
【46题详解】
句意：在母亲节，各个年龄段的孩子都会给母亲不同的礼物。根据“all”可知，此处填名词复数ages。故填ages。
【47题详解】
句意：不能在假期与母亲在一起的孩子会寄一张卡片，上面写着爱的信息。根据“’t be with their mther n the hliday send a card with a message f lve.”可知，此处为定语从句，从句缺少主语，且指代先行词“Children”，所以用关系代词wh/that。故填wh/that。
【48题详解】
句意：他们还打电话给母亲，祝她有快乐的一天。根据“They als call their mther n the a happy day.”可知，此处表示打电话的目的，表目的用动词不定式，故填t wish。
【49题详解】
句意：母亲节是美国一年中电话使用最繁忙的日子之一。根据“ne f”可知，考查ne f+the+形容词最高级+名词复数“……之一”，busy的最高级为busiest。故填the busiest。
【50题详解】
句意：在中国，很多人邀请妈妈去看电影或去旅游。根据“g”可知，考查g+动名词“去做某事”，travel的动名词为travelling。故填travelling。
六、根据所给中文完成句子（共6小题；每小题1.5分，满分9分）
51. 三思过后，他们做出了缩短行程的决定。
After ________________, they ________________.
【答案】 ①. thinking twice ②. decided t cut the trip shrt##decided t cut the jurney shrt
【解析】
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“三思”和“做出了缩短行程的决定”的英文表达。think twice“三思”，介词“after”后填动名词thinking；decide t d sth.“做出决定做某事”，该句为一般过去时，填动词过去式decided；cut the trip/jurney shrt“缩短行程”。故填thinking twice；decided t cut the trip/jurney shrt。
52. 每当落后时，他们是怎么让自己振作起来的?
Hw did they ________________________?
【答案】cheer themselves up when falling behind (every time)##cheer themselves up each time they fell behind
【解析】
【详解】根据汉语提示可知缺少部分是“让自己振作起来”和时间状语“每当落后时”，主语是“they”，因此“让自己振作起来”译为“cheer themselves up”，作谓语部分；“每当落后时”可用“when+现在分词”表达，“落后”译为“fall behind”，即“when falling behind (every time)”，也可用“each time+从句”表达，根据“did”可知时态为一般过去时，即“each time they fell behind”。故填cheer themselves up when falling behind (every time) /each time they fell behind。
53. 吉姆觉得很有必要再编两个故事。
Jim thught ________________________.
【答案】it necessary t make up anther tw stries/it was necessary t make up anther tw stries/it necessary t make up tw mre stries/it was necessary t make up tw mre stries
【解析】
【详解】必要的：necessary；编造：make up；再两个故事：anther tw stries/tw mre stries。根据英汉对比可知，此处可以采用think+宾语从句或者think+宾语+宾语补足语；可以用it代替动词不定式作形式宾语或者用it代替动词不定式作形式主语，即：think it+形容词+动词不定式；think it be+形容词+动词不定式。根据主句用一般过去时，所以从句中的be用过去式，故填it necessary t make up anther tw stries/it was necessary t make up anther tw stries/it necessary t make up tw mre stries/it was necessary t make up tw mre strie。
54. 最终证明，迈克与这次事故无关。
________________ Mike ________________ the accident.
【答案】 ①. It turned ut that ②. had nthing t d with
【解析】
【详解】本题需要表达“结果证明他与这次事故无关”这一语义。分析句子可知，本句主语是“It”，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用一般过去式，“结果证明”用到的短语是turn ut，turn应变为过去式turned；“Mike与这次事故无关”是一个完整的句子，所以可用that引导的句子来作宾语；“与……无关”用到的短语是have nthing t d with，have应变为过去式had。故填It turned ut that；had nthing t d with。
55. 西蒙宁愿被嘲笑也不愿放弃自己的梦想。
Simn ________________________________.
【答案】wuld rather be laughed at than give up his dream
【解析】
【详解】根据中英文提示可知，此处缺少成分“宁愿被嘲笑也不愿放弃自己的梦想”，wuld rather d sth. than d sth.“宁愿做某事也不愿做某事”，后接动词原形；laugh at“嘲笑”，被动语态为be laughed at；give up his dream“放弃自己的梦想”。故填wuld rather be laughed at than give up his dream。
56. 火势失控后，及时扑灭大火是多么费劲啊！
Hw ________________ after it is ________________ !
【答案】 ①. difficult it is t put ut the fire ②. ut f cntrl
【解析】
【详解】根据中文提示可知，第一空是一个以Hw引导的感叹句，Hw引导的感叹句结构是：Hw+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其他，Hw difficult it is t put ut the fire in time“及时扑灭大火是多么费劲啊”；第二空应填意为“失控”的英文表达，ut f cntrl“失控”。故填difficult it is t put ut the fire；ut f cntrl。
七、书面表达（共1题；满分15分）
57. 常州历史文化底蕴深厚、经济实力雄厚、自然风光秀丽、人文景观丰富。某报社正在征集主题为“你眼中的常州”的文章，请你写篇英语文章投稿，谈谈你的看法。
Yu shud share yur ideas abut the tpic:
1. What was Changzhu like 10 years ag?
2. What is Changzhu like nw?
3. What d yu think f the changes?
注意：
1. 文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称；
2. 要点齐全，语句通顺，表达清晰，书写规范；
3. 词数不少于100。文章的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Changzhu, my hmetwn, has changed a lt ver the past ten years.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Pssible versin:
Changzhu, my hmetwn, has changed a lt ver the past ten years.
Ten years ag, Changzhu was a quiet and small city with fewer shps and cars. When ging utside, peple didn’t have many chices but t take a bus and it tk them much time. There were nly a few parks and peple needed t pay fr visiting them. Life was a little bring and hard.
Nwadays, Changzhu has becme a mdern place. Mre wide rads and undergrunds make it cnvenient/easy fr us t g everywhere. Besides, s many different pen parks have been built and we can enjy different views freely. Mre imprtantly, peple here have becme richer, and we are devting urselves t making the city mre beautiful and the life better.
What great changes! As we knw, changes mean nt nly pwer but als chances. I hpe mre changes will take place in Changzhu.
【解析】
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇话题作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”，描写十年前的样子用“一般过去时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏信息提示的内容，适当增加细节，并且突出写作的重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍常州十年前的样子；
第二步，介绍常州现在的样子；
第三步，谈谈你对变化的看法。
[亮点词汇]
①devte neself t ding致力于做某事
②nt nly…but als…不仅……而且……
③take place发生
[高分句型]
①What great changes! (感叹句)
②I hpe mre changes will take place in Changzhu. (宾语从句)
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