13倒装句、省略句与强调句(精练)-2024年高考英语一轮复习语法能力突破必备(PPT+复习卡+精练题)(通用版) word+ppt

这是一份13倒装句、省略句与强调句(精练)-2024年高考英语一轮复习语法能力突破必备(PPT+复习卡+精练题)(通用版) word+ppt，文件包含13倒装句省略句与强调句-2024年高考英语一轮复习语法能力突破必备PPT+复习卡+精练题通用版pptx、13倒装句省略句与强调句精练-2024年高考英语一轮复习语法能力突破必备PPT+复习卡+精练题通用版docx、13强调句省略句与倒装句复习卡-2024年高考英语一轮复习语法能力突破必备PPT+复习卡+精练题通用版docx等3份课件配套教学资源，其中PPT共36页， 欢迎下载使用。
考点一 祈使句 祈使句表达说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、请求或命令等。因此,祈使句中一般没有主语,但根据其句意,实际上是省略了主语yu。祈使句的肯定句式一般分为以下三种类型:1.行为动词原形+其他成分(2018·北京高考)In any unsafe situatin,simply press the buttn and a highly-trained agent will get yu the help yu need.在任何不安全的情况下,只要按下按钮,一个训练有素的代理人就会给你需要的帮助。
2.Be动词+其他成分(形容词、名词或介词短语等)
考点二 感叹句　　感叹句表示说话时的惊讶、喜悦、赞赏和愤怒等情绪。大多数感叹句是由what和hw引导的,其句型结构为“What(或Hw)+感叹部分+主语+谓语!”。也有少量其他形式的感叹句,常见的有:1.What感叹句What作定语,修饰名词,其感叹句句型结构:(1)What+a(n)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!如:What an apple this is!
(2)What+a(n)+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!如:What an interesting stry it is!(3)What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语!如:What hnest children they are! What imprtant water it is!
2.Hw感叹句Hw作状语,修饰形容词、副词和动词,其感叹句句型结构:(1)Hw+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!Hw beautiful the city is! Hw hard the wrkers are wrking! (2)Hw+形容词+a(n)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!如:Hw interesting a stry it is! (3)Hw+主语+谓语!如:Hw time flies!
考点三 倒装1.部分倒装(1)将含有否定意义的副词、介词短语或连词置于句首时引起部分倒装。这类词(组)有:never, seldm, rarely, hardly, little, few, at n time, by n means, n lnger, , n , nt als..., nt until, nwhere, 等。The Internet is ne f the ways these feelings are cnveyed and perhaps never befre has it served s much t cnnect different peples and natins.互联网是传达这些情感的一种方式,或许它从未如此有效地将不同的民族和国家联系起来。
(2019·天津高考)The prfessr warned the students that n n accunt shuld they use mbile phnes in his class.这位教授警告学生们,在他的课堂上,决不应该使用手机。(2)“nly+状语”置于句首时, 主句要进行部分倒装。
注意: ①若nly修饰主语,句子不倒装;②nly+状语从句位于句首时,主句倒装,从句不倒装;③构成部分倒装结构时,如果谓语部分无情态动词或be动词,则需要找助动词来帮助构成倒装句。
(3)结构中的s, such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时,主句要用部分倒装结构。
(5)as引导让步状语从句时,状语从句必须部分倒装;thugh引导让步状语从句时,从句可部分倒装,也可不倒装。One has reasn t believe that China’s anti-crruptin campaign ver the past few years, tugh as/thugh it is, has achieved inspiring prgress.有理由相信在过去的几年里中国的反腐行动取得了令人鼓舞的成就,虽然这个行动很艰难。(6)在非真实条件句中,if省略时,助动词had, were, shuld要提到主语前面。(2017·江苏高考) Were it nt fr the supprt f the teachers, the student culd nt vercme her difficulty.要不是老师们的支持,这个学生是不可能克服她的困难的。
2.全部倒装当here, there, nw, then, ut, in, up, dwn, away, n the wall, in the rm等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首, 且句子主语是名词时, 句子用全部倒装。
考点四 强调的两种形式1.强调句型(1)强调句型的基本结构: It is/was+被强调的部分+that+句子其他部分.。该句型可对句子的主语、表语、宾语、同位语、状语等进行强调。当强调部分是人, 且作主语时, 引导词也可用wh。(2020·江苏高考)But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the mst significant, the researchers fund.但研究人员发现,最重要的可能是脂肪细胞内部的影响。注意: 强调主语时要注意连接词与谓语的一致性。It is ur teacher that/wh helps us make great prgress.
(2)强调句型的一般疑问句结构: Is/Was+it+被强调的部分+that/wh+句子其他部分?
(4)句型的强调结构:It is/was nt until...+that+句子其他部分.—Hw lng is it since yu picked up yur badmintn training?自从你重新练习羽毛球有多久了?—It was nt until my finance became better in last December that I started the training.直到去年十二月,我的资金状况好转了,我才开始训练的。
2.强调谓语动词用助动词d, des或did来强调谓语动词, 用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定的陈述句中, d还可以用于祈使句。Sme peple d believe that nuclear pwer pses a threat t the wrld peace.注意: 强调句型与三大从句的区别
语法填空题考法1.强调句型用于强调陈述句;2.强调句型用于强调一般疑问句;3.强调句型用于强调特殊疑问句;4.强调句型用于强调特殊疑问句用在宾语从句中的语序;5. 强调句型用于强调句型。
1. 省略主语。如:     Haven't seen yu fr ages!好久不见了! 2.省略谓语。如： (Is there) Anything yu want? 你要什么东西吗? (Des) Anybdy need help? 有人要帮忙吗? 3. 省略宾语。如： I dn‘t knw (where he is ). 我不知道。 4.省略主语和谓语（或谓语的一部分），只剩下表语、宾语、状语或其它成分。如： (I'm) Afraid I can't cme. 恐怕我不能来了。 (Have yu) Gt any ink? 你有墨水吗?
1.在含有状语从句的复合句中 由when，while，as, nce，whenever引导的时间状语从句；或由if，unless引导的条件状语从句；由thugh，althugh，even if ，even thugh引导的让步状语从句；由as thugh，as if，as引导的方式状语从句；由because引导的原因状语从句；由wherever引导的地点状语从句，若从句的主句是it或与主句的主语相同，且在谓语中含有be时，常省略从句的主语和be。When (she was) asked , she didn’t answer a wrd. Water can be changed int vapr if (it is ) heated. When (yu are) wrking ,yu must pay attentin. We may try again when (it is ) necessary .
2.在限定性定语从句中 作宾语的关系代词that，which, whm可以省略；在以the same... as和such... as引导的定语从句中，可以省略与主句相同的部分；the way后面的定语从句中，可以省略that，in which。 All yu ever want t d is ging shpping. Is this the reasn he explained at the meeting fr his carelessness in his wrk? What surprised me was nt what he said but the way he said it.
3.宾语从句的省略。如： Tm has gne hme, but I dn't knw why (he has gne hme). I heard (that ) he had gne abrad. Having checked the drs were clsed , and _________ all the lights were ff, the by pened the dr t his bedrm.    A. why        B. that        C. when       D. where 解析：答案为B 。 that引导并列的宾语从句，Having前省去that,并列的两个以that引导的宾语从句即使省略第一个that,第二个that 一般不能省。
在并列句中,如果后面的分句,与前面的分句有相同的部分,这一部分则常被省略掉,以免重复。如: He teaches English and his brther maths.   We have been waiting fr her t cme back t see us, but (we have been waiting) in vain.
四、在肯定结构中S+助动词/情态动词+主语句型。这一结构用来表示相同概念，即前面所的情况也同样适用于另一人或物，意思是“同样”、“也那样”，常理为倒装结构。如： The by died and a week later. S did his sister. I’m an English teacher, s is my wife.
五、在否定结构中由nr，neither等引导的连续否定的句子也是一种省略句，这种句子在意思上与前面的句子是相同的，而且主谓用倒装。例如： －I wuld never cme t this restaurant again. The fd is terrible! －Neither wuld I .我也不去了。
六、动词不定式的省略1. 在see, watch, hear, feel, bserve, ntice, lk at, listen t等感观动词及使役动词let ,make ,have 后的"宾语+动词不定式作宾语补足语"的结构中，不定式符号t须省略，但这类结构变成被动语态时，其后的不定式要还原加上t。如： I haven't tld yu that my family made a lt f mney in the nineteenth century by making children wrk 16 hurs a day in their factries. The children were made t wrk mre than 16 hurs a day.
2. 系动词（be）+形容词，即be afraid / ready / glad / happy / willing等后面接不定式时有时为了避免重复，常省略与上文表达相同意思的不定式符号t之后的内容，只保留不定式符号，例如： －Culd yu g shpping with me? －I'm glad t (g shpping with yu).
3. mean, try, want, wuld like, wuld lve, affrd等后面接不定式时： －Did yu get a ticket? －N, I meant t (get ne), but there weren't any left
4. tell, warn, rder, advise, ask等动词后接不定式作宾语补足语时： The students want t enter the lab, but the mnitr advises them nt t (enter the lab).
Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.It was when I gt back t my apartment ____I first came acrss my new until recently ___they encurage the develpment f turist-related activities in the rural are waiting at a wrng place.It is at the htel ____the cach picks up nly ___the nurses want a pay increase,they want reduced hurs as sner ____he stepped n the stage than the audience brke int thunderus ’s nt ding the things we like,but liking the things we have t d ____makes life __ because Jack came late fr schl that Mr Smith gt angry?8.It was nt _____near the end f the letter that she mentined her wn plan.
Ⅱ.语篇语法填空　　In 2020,Huang Xuhua 1.__________ (present)with China’s tp scientific hnr, the State Preeminent Science and Technlgy Award as ne f the chief designers fr China’s first generatin f nuclear submarines(潜水艇).Huang was als ne f the eight leading figures 2.__________ received the Medal f the Republic in 2019 fr their cntributins 3.__________ the natin. 　　After cmpleting an engineering degree in shipbuilding frm Shanghai Jia Tng University in 1949, Huang jined China’s first nuclear submarine prject.During the hardest time, China was unable t get any freign 4.__________ (assist)
since it was under a technlgy blckade(技术封锁) frm ther cuntries. 5.__________(face)with varius difficulties,Huang and his team wrked ut millins f data with abacus and slipsticks(算盘和计算尺). 6.__________(eventual), they managed t develp the first nuclear submarine in China, thus 7.__________ (make) China the fifth cuntry wning nuclear submarines in the wrld. 　　Fr 8.__________ (decade), his wrk remained a tp secret.He maintained little cntact with his parents.“Given the jb I did, I had t make family ties less f a pririty,” Huang recalled.He has wrked n the develpment f nuclear submarines, 9.__________ (lead) his team t carry ut research and develpment f a series f key mdels, and trained 10.__________ large number f utstanding scientific and technlgical talents. 
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文,讲述我国核潜艇研究专家黄旭华的经历。1.【解析】was presented。考查动词的时态和语态。句意:作为我国第一代核潜艇的主要设计师之一,黄旭华于2020年被颁发了中国科学最高荣誉:国家最高科学技术奖。分析句子结构,空格处的动词“颁发”present在句中充当谓语动词,且与主语Huang Xuhua构成被动关系,故present用被动形式,由时间状语2020年可知用一般过去时的被动形式。故填was presented。2.【解析】wh。考查定语从句。句意:2019年,因为他们对我国做出的贡献,有八名领军人物获得了共和国勋章,黄老也是其中之一。分析句子结构可知先行词“领军人物”leading figures后接的是定语从句,即“2019年获得共和国勋章的八名领军人物”。定语从句缺主语,因为先行词是人,故填wh。
3.【解析】t。考查介词。句意:2019年,因为他们对我国做出的贡献,有八名领军人物获得了共和国勋章,黄老也是其中之一。句意中“对……的贡献”用短语“cntributins t sth.”,句中缺介词t,故填t。4.【解析】assistance。考查名词。句意:在遭受外国技术封锁的最艰难时刻,中国无法获得任何外国援助。根据句意可知“外国援助”在句中作动词“获得”get的宾语,故需要用名词形式,即形容词“外国的”freign后的“援助”使用名词形式assistance,此词为不可数名词,故填assistance。5.【解析】Faced。考查非谓语动词。句意:面对各种困难,黄老和他的团队用算盘和计算尺计算出了无数的数据。be faced with sth.为固定短语,意为“面对某事”,此处需用过去分词短语作状语,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Faced。
6.【解析】Eventually。考查副词。句意:最终,他们成功地开发了中国第一艘核潜艇,使得中国成为世界上第五个拥有核潜艇的国家。空格处的“最终”与主句用逗号隔开了,用于修饰整个句子。形容词无法修饰整个句子,而副词可以。故填Eventually。7.【解析】making。考查非谓语动词。句意:最终,他们成功地开发了中国第一艘核潜艇,使得中国成为世界上第五个拥有核潜艇的国家。根据句意可知,“中国开发第一艘核潜艇”直接导致了“中国成为第五个拥有核潜艇的国家”,即前者自然而然导致了后者的结果。现在分词可用于表示自然而然的结果。故填making。