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山东省济宁市任城区济宁市第一中学2023-2024学年高一下学期5月期中英语试题（原卷版+解析版）
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这是一份山东省济宁市任城区济宁市第一中学2023-2024学年高一下学期5月期中英语试题（原卷版+解析版），文件包含山东省济宁市任城区济宁市第一中学2023-2024学年高一下学期5月期中英语试题原卷版docx、山东省济宁市任城区济宁市第一中学2023-2024学年高一下学期5月期中英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共41页， 欢迎下载使用。
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What clr is the wman’s cat?
A. Black.B. White.C. Red.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Have yu seen a cat near here?
M: I saw three—a black ne, a red ne and a white ne. Which is yurs?
W: The black and the red ne belng t my neighbr. The ther is mine.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where did the man leave his bag?
A. On the bus.B. At schl.C. At his friend’s.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Yu’re late. What happened? I hpe yu didn’t get int truble at schl.
M: N. I gt ff the bus and then realized I’d left my bag n the seat. My friend tk it t his huse, s I had t g and cllect it.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What caused the mark n the wman’s arm?
A. An insect.B. A dg.C. A child.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: What is that mark n yur arm? Did yu get tuched by an insect?
W: N, I was hlding my sister’s baby and he bit me. He’s like a little dg chewing n everything.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why is the man in such a rush?
A. He missed his train.
B. He needed t buy a train ticket.
C. He went t the wrng statin.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Yur ticket says yur train leaves frm Penn Statin, nt Grand Central Statin. If yu take a taxi there, yu might make it n time!
M: Oh, n. Thanks, I’ll try. I nly have 30 minutes left!
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers discussing?
A. Kinds f restaurants.B. Types f fd.C. Areas f twn.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: We had a great meal at the new place n High Street. The ne acrss the rad des gd fd as well.
M: Have yu tried the Indian restaurant in the twn center? I’ve heard gd reprts abut it.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Hw des the wman feel?
A. Lucky.B. Srry.C. Wrried.
7. What will the man d next?
A. Cmplain t the bss.B. Leave the ft prints.C. Clean the flr again.
【答案】6. B 7. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey lady, I just cleaned that flr. Lk at all yur ft prints. W: Oh n, I d aplgize.
M: There is a big sign utside saying “Nt Available”. Didn’t yu see it? W: I didn’t. Please frgive me.
M: Oh, it’s OK. I’ll d it again.
W: I tell my kids ff when they d that at hme—and nw here I am ding the same thing. M: Dn’t wrry abut it. The bss will just think I’m wrking slwly. It’s nt a big deal.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What d we knw abut the speakers?
A. They are a cuple.B. They are gd friends.C. They are strangers.
9. What will the man d fr the wman?
A. Offer her a free meal.
B. Make plans with her and her family.
C. Help her create a restaurant business.
【答案】8. C 9. A
【解析】
【原文】M: I’ve seen yu sitting in this park ver the last cuple f mnths, but I’ve never said hell. I’m Tm.
W: Hell, my dear. Nice t meet yu. I’m here a lt. At my age, I can’t d much besides siting in the park.
M: D yur friends r family live nearby?
W: Mst friends passed away years ag. I see my family smetimes, but they mved ut f the city.
M: Well, I wn a restaurant arund here. Please, cme by and rder anything yu want. W: Sunds lvely, but is it expensive?
M: Oh, please! It’s n me.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. When did the wman start wrk?
A. At 6:00 a.m.B. At 7:00 a.m.C. At 8:00 a.m.
11. Why is the wman tired?
A. She didn’t sleep.B. She had a lng day.C. She did bring wrk.
12. What is the wman?
A. A patient.B. A nurse.C. A dctr.
【答案】10. A 11. B 12. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Oh, what a day! The hspital was s busy. N sner had the dctrs seen ne patient than they had t see anther.
M: Yu need t sit dwn and relax.
W: I think I might g straight t bed. What time is it?
M: 8:00 p.m.
W: That means I started wrk 14 hurs ag. N wnder I’m tired. The ther nurses are the same.
M: Why was it s busy?
W: The emergency teams kept bringing mre peple in. I’ve never seen anything like that.
M: Was there an accident?
W: N, it was just ne f thse days.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. In a club.B. In a sprts center.C. In a cncert hall.
14. What des the man dislike abut large music cncerts?
A. The high price.B. The bad sund.C. The dark atmsphere.
15. Hw did the man get the tickets?
A. Frm his sister.B. Frm a friend.C. Frm a website.
16. What instrument des the wman play?
A. The vilin.B. The guitar.C. The pian.
【答案】13. C 14. B 15. A 16. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Have yu ever been t this cncert hall befre?
W: N, this is my first time.
M: The sund is amazing. They designed it, s yu have a great audi experience n matter where yu sit.
W: Usually I nly see live music at clubs.
M: I used t g t big cncerts at the sprts center, but it’s just t big, the sund desn’t travel well.
W: I agree. I think peple g t them mainly fr the cmfrtable envirnment.
M: True. It can be electric, but it wuld take a lt f effrt t get t.
W: Hw did yu get these tickets anyway? I thught they had been sld ut.
M: They had, but my sister is in the rchestra. She plays the vilin.
W: Well, tell her thanks fr me. D yu play any instruments?
M: N. I tried t learn guitar, but I’m nt gifted like my sister. Hw abut yu?
W: I play the pian.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What will the weather be like near the cean this weekend?
A. Windy.B. Snwy.C. Sunny.
18. What is the speaker’s suggestin fr thse living in the muntains?
A. Traveling t the cast.B. Staying inside.C. Playing in the snw.
19. What warning are lcal fficials giving?
A. Rads may becme dangerus.
B. Temperatures culd be very lw.
C. Peple might lse electricity.
20. When will gd weather begin?
A. On Tuesday.B. On Friday.C. On Saturday.
【答案】17. A 18. B 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Gd evening, and welcme t the Channel 5 weather reprt. This weekend we expect t see strmy weather thrughut the nrtheast regin. Alng the cast, there will be strng winds and heavy rain starting Friday. Fr thse living further inland, away frm the cean, it will be less windy, but it will still be a very wet weekend. If yu live in r near the muntains, stay warm and get ready fr the heavy snw! Icy rads and snw will make it dangerus t g ut r travel n Saturday, s it’ll be best t d indr activities at hme. Lcal fficials are warning f pssible pwer cut thrughut the entire regin. We at Channel 5 encurage everyne t keep a flashlight and spare batteries at hme in case there’s n electricity. We als want t remind yu t keep yur mbile phnes and battery packs fully charged. Frtunately, this strm system shuld pass quickly, and yu can lk frward t sunny skies starting Tuesday.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Everyne has unique needs and preferences, and individual sleep requirements are n different. Hwever, the amunt f sleep yu need per night is mainly determined by yur age. Official recmmendatins fr the length f a persn’s sleep are brken dwn by age grup:
Older adults (65+): 7–8 hurs
Adults (18–64 years): 7–9 hurs
Teenagers (14–17 years): 8–10 hurs
Schl children (6–13 years): 9–11 hurs
Preschlers (3–5 years): 10–13 hurs (including naps)
Tddlers (1–2 years): 11–14 hurs (including naps)
Infants (4–12 mnths): 12–15 hurs (including naps)
Newbrns (0–3 mnths): 14–17 hurs
Hwever, sme peple might need mre r less sleep than what is generally recmmended, depending n the fllwing factrs.
Genetic makeup
Yur genetics are an imprtant factr in hw many hurs f sleep yu need per night.
Fr example, thse with ne specific genetic mutatin (基因突变) need nly arund 6 hurs, whereas peple withut such particular mutatin require abut 8 hurs, n average.
Sleep quality
The quality f yur sleep can als affect hw much yu need.
If yur sleep quality is pr, yu may find that yu still feel tired after getting what shuld be cnsidered enugh.
Therefre, it’s nt nly imprtant t fcus n sleeping lng enugh but als n sleeping well enugh. If yu ften feel like yu aren’t sleeping well r are extremely tired and dn’t knw why, it’s a gd idea t check in with yur healthcare prvider.
21. What is the main reasn fr the amunt f sleep we need per night?
A. Sleep quality.B. Genetics.C. Our eating habits.D. Our age.
22. Which f the fllwing statements is true accrding t the passage?
A. All schl children need t sleep fr 9 t 11 hurs.
B. Any kind f genetic mutatin can lead t a 6-hur sleep pattern.
C. Yu shuld turn t yur healthcare prvider as lng as yu feel tired.
D. Pr sleep quality may lead t tiredness thugh yu’ve gt enugh sleep.
23. Where des this passage mst prbably cme frm?
A. A health magazine.B. A travel brchure.
C A fashin website.D. A sprts newspaper.
【答案】21. D 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要说明了不同年龄段所需要的睡眠时间以及其他影响睡眠的因素。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Hwever, the amunt f sleep yu need per night is mainly determined by yur age.(然而，你每晚需要的睡眠时间主要取决于你的年龄)”可知，我们每晚需要多少睡眠的主要原因是我们的年龄。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“If yur sleep quality is pr, yu may find that yu still feel tired after getting what shuld be cnsidered enugh.(如果你的睡眠质量很差，你可能会发现你在得到应该被认为足够的睡眠后仍然感到疲倦)”可知，D选项“尽管你睡眠充足，睡眠质量差可能会导致疲劳”正确。故选D。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Everyne has unique needs and preferences, and individual sleep requirements are n different. Hwever, the amunt f sleep yu need per night is mainly determined by yur age. Official recmmendatins fr the length f a persn’s sleep are brken dwn by age grup(每个人都有独特的需求和偏好，个人的睡眠需求也没有什么不同。然而，你每晚需要的睡眠时间主要取决于你的年龄。官方对一个人的睡眠时间的建议是按年龄分组的)”结合文章主要说明了不同年龄段所需要的睡眠时间以及其他影响睡眠的因素。可推知，文章选自一本健康杂志。故选A。
B
At Christmas last year, Cathy Wd’s family hme in Manchester was disturbingly quiet. Her daughters, 19 and 21, were revising fr exams. She says she and her husband “hardly saw anything f them…I was a bit fed up.” Bred and frustrated, she bught a 45kg bunch f secndhand clthes, withut knwing what she was ging t d with it.
Wd a frmer teacher f English, has always lved clthes. At university, Wd hung ut with the fashin students and sewed her wn new rmantic utfits. Wd, nw 62, enjyed shpping fr vintage (老款) clthing and had even discussed getting a shp with a friend, but the rents put them ff. A week r s after the bunch arrived, she bked a stall (货摊) at West Didsbury Makers Market.
Standing at her first market stall was a whlly new experience thugh. “It was very different frm teaching. Yu need just the right amunt f cntact with peple.” Wd sld fur pieces at her first market, which paid fr the stall and left a small surplus (盈余). Nw, she smetimes returns hme with 30 empty cat hangers. But it was the cntact with custmers and fellw traders that she fund mst rewarding. “It’s a lvely envirnment. Yu chat and get t knw each ther. I really enjyed it.” she says.
Smetimes, in quiet mments n the stall, she takes ut her mending and thinks f her mther and grandmther. “My grandmther taught art and crafts, and bth she and my mther spent a lt f time with the sewing machine, teaching me t sew,” “What these clthes d is transprt me back t different times when things were easier fr me. They give me a pleasurable feeling. Nstalgia (怀旧) can be a gd thing in that way.”
After she stpped teaching, she “started t feel like a nn persn”, she says. The market stall “has given me status in my wn mind t be part f the cmmunity, cntributing smething, t be smebdy peple talk t, smebdy peple smile at.”
24. Why did Wd sell secndhand clthes?
A. T keep her friend cmpany.
B. T pick up her sewing skills.
C. T kill her bring retirement life.
D. T pay her daughter’s schling fees.
25. What des Wd find mst rewarding in her business?
A. The prfits earned frm the business.
B. The cmmunicatin with ther peple.
C. The cmpetitin with different traders.
D. The envirnment f the market stall.
26. What des the underlined wrd “They” in Para.5 refer t?
A. Her grandmther and mther.B. Art and crafts.
C. The secndhand clthes.D. The gd ld days.
27. What des Wd say cncerning her secndhand clthes business?
A. It has made her a wrthy persn.
B. It has imprved her marketing skills.
C. It has helped her t be a funny persn.
D. It has made her cmmunity much richer.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位退休英语教师卖旧服装的故事，她在这个过程中重新实现了自我价值。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Bred and frustrated, she bught a 45kg bunch f secndhand clthes, withut knwing what she was ging t d with it.”（她感到无聊和沮丧，买了一堆45公斤重的二手衣服，不知道她要用这些衣服做什么。）和第二段中“Wd, a frmer teacher f English, has always lved clthes.”（伍德，一位前英语老师，一直喜欢衣服。）可知，伍德之前是一位英语老师，一直喜欢衣服，退休后感到无聊和沮丧，所以，买了一堆45公斤重的二手衣服，开始卖二手衣服，由此可知，伍德卖二手衣服是因为她想结束她无聊的退休生活。故选C项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“But it was the cntact with custmers and fellw traders that she fund mst rewarding.”（但她发现，与客户和同行的接触是最有益的。）可知，伍德认为与客户和同行的接触是最有益的，由此可知，伍德觉得自己的生意最有益的是与其他人的沟通。故选B项。
【26题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线单词上句“What these clthes d is transprt me back t different times when things were easier fr me.”（这些衣服的作用就是把我带回不同的时代，那时候的事情对我来说更容易。）可知，二手衣服把伍德带回到过去美好的日子，由此可知，是过去美好的日子给她一种愉悦的感觉，结合选项可知，“They”代指“过去美好的日子”。故选D项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The market stall “has given me status in my wn mind t be part f the cmmunity, cntributing smething, t be smebdy peple talk t, smebdy peple smile at.””（市场摊位“让我在心中感觉到自己成为了社区的一员，贡献了一些东西，成为人们交谈的对象，成为人们微笑的对象。”）可知，二手衣服生意让伍德重新找到了自我价值，让她感觉自己成为了社区的一员并能贡献一些东西，得到了人们的关注，由此可知，伍德认为二手衣服生意这使她成为了一个有价值的人。故选A项。
C
Artificial intelligence (AI) is shwing prmise in earthquake predictin, challenging the lng-held belief that it is impssible. Researchers at the University f Texas, Austin, have develped an AI algrithm (算法) that crrectly predicted 70% f earthquakes a week in advance during a trial in China and prvided accurate calculatins fr the predicted earthquakes.
The research team believes their methd succeeded because they stuck with a relatively simple machine learning apprach. The AI was prvided with a set f statistical (统计的) features based n the team’s knwledge f earthquake physics, and then instructed t train itself using a five-year database f earthquake recrdings. Once trained, the AI prvided its predictin f earthquake by listening fr signs f incming earthquakes within the backgrund rumblings (隆隆声) in the Earth.
This wrk is clearly a milestne in research fr AI-driven earthquake predictin. “Yu dn’t see earthquakes cming,” explains Alexandrs Savvaidis, a senir research scientist wh leads the Texas Seismlgical Netwrk Prgram (TexNet). “It’s a matter f millisecnds ( 毫秒), and the nly thing yu can cntrl is hw prepared yu are. Even with the 70% accuracy, that’s a huge result and culd help minimize ecnmic and human lsses and has the ptential t remarkably imprve earthquake preparatin wrldwide.”
While it is unknwn whether the same apprach will wrk at ther places, the researchers are cnfident that their AI algrithm culd prduce mre accurate predictins if used in areas with reliable earthquake tracking netwrks. S, their next step is t test artificial intelligence in different places in Texas, since UT’s Bureau TexNet has 300 earthquake statins there and ver six years’ wrth f cntinuus recrds, making it ideal fr these purpses.
Eventually, the authrs hpe t cmbine the system with physics-based mdels. This strategy culd prve especially imprtant where data is pr r lacking. “That may be a lng way ff, but many advances such as this ne, taken tgether, are what mves science frward,” cncludes Sctt Tinker, the bureau’s directr.
28. Hw des the AI predict earthquakes?
A. By analyzing backgrund sunds in the Earth.
B. By identifying data frm remte sensing satellite.
C. By mdeling data based n earthquake recrdings.
D. By mnitring changes in the Earth’s magnetic field.
29. What des Alexandrs Savvaidis intend t shw in paragraph 3?
A. The ways t reduce lsses in earthquakes.
B. The accuracy f AI in earthquake predictin.
C. The limitatin f AI algrithms in earthquake predictin.
D. The significance f develping AI-driven earthquake predictin.
30. What des the fllw-up research fcus n?
A. Cnducting tests in different lcatins.
B. Building mre earthquake statins in Texas.
C. Imprving the quality f earthquake tracking netwrks.
D. Applying AI apprach t ther fields besides earthquake.
31. Which wrds can best describe the earthquake-predicting technlgy?
A. Precise but utdated.B. Effective but cstly.
C. Advanced and prmising.D. Ptential and ecnmical.
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. A 31. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的研究人员在地震预测方面取得的进展，特别是他们开发的AI算法在地震预测方面的应用及其效果。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The AI was prvided with a set f statistical features based n the team’s knwledge f earthquake physics, and then instructed t train itself using a five-year database f earthquake recrdings. Once trained, the AI prvided its predictin by listening fr signs f incming earthquakes within the backgrund rumblings (轰隆隆) in the Earth. (根据团队对地震物理学的了解，为人工智能提供了一组统计特征，然后指示它使用五年的地震记录数据库进行自我训练。经过训练后，人工智能通过在地球的背景隆隆声中收听即将发生地震的迹象来进行预测。)”可知，人工智能经过训练后通过在地球的背景隆隆声中收听即将发生地震的迹象来进行预测。故选A。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“This wrk is clearly a milestne in research fr AI-driven earthquake predictin. “Yu dn’t see earthquakes cming,” explains Alexandrs Savvaidis, a senir research scientist wh leads the Texas Seismlgical Netwrk Prgram (TexNet). “It’s a matter f millisecnds, and the nly thing yu can cntrl is hw prepared yu are. Even with the 70% accuracy (精确度), that’s a huge result and culd help decrease ecnmic and human lsses and has the ptential t remarkably imprve earthquake preparatin wrldwide.” (这项工作显然是人工智能驱动的地震预测研究的一个里程碑。“你看不到地震的到来，”领导德克萨斯地震网项目(TexNet)的高级研究科学家Alexandrs Savvaidis解释说。“这只是几毫秒的问题，你唯一能控制的就是你准备得如何。即使准确率达到70%，这也是一个巨大的成果，可以帮助减少经济和人员损失，并有可能显著改善全球的地震准备工作。”)”可知，Alexandrs Savvaidis 在第三段中解释了地震预测的重要性，并强调了AI预测系统的70%准确率是一个巨大的结果，可以帮助减少经济和人员损失，并有可能显著改善全球的地震准备。这表明他意在展示开发AI预测系统的重要性。故选D。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“While it is unknwn whether the same apprach will wrk at ther lcatins, the researchers are cnfident that their AI algrithm culd prduce mre accurate predictins if used in areas with reliable earthquake tracking netwrks. The next step is t test artificial intelligence in Texas, since UT’s Bureau TexNet has 300 earthquake statins and ver six years wrth f cntinuus recrds, making it an ideal lcatin fr these purpses. (虽然尚不清楚同样的方法是否会在其他地方起作用，但研究人员相信，如果在拥有可靠地震跟踪网络的地区使用，他们的人工智能算法可以产生更准确的预测。下一步是在德克萨斯州测试人工智能，因为德克萨斯大学的德克萨斯网络局(Bureau TexNet)有300个地震观测站，有超过6年的连续记录，使其成为进行这些研究的理想地点。)”可知，这表明他们计划在不同地点进行测试以验证该方法的适用性。因此，该研究的重点是在不同地点进行测试。故选A。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Artificial intelligence (AI) is shwing prmise in earthquake predictin, challenging the lng-held belief that it is impssible. Researchers at the University f Texas, Austin, have develped an Al algrithm (算法) that crrectly predicted 70% f earthquakes a week in advance during a test in China and prvided accurate strength calculatins fr the predicted earthquakes. (人工智能(AI)在地震预测方面显示出希望，挑战了人们长期以来认为地震预测是不可能的信念。德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的研究人员开发了一种人工智能算法，在中国进行的一次测试中，该算法提前一周正确预测了70%的地震，并为预测的地震提供了准确的强度计算。)”可知，地震预测技术有发展前景；再根据文章第三段“This wrk is clearly a milestne in research fr AI-driven earthquake predictin. “Yu dn’t see earthquakes cming,” explains Alexandrs Savvaidis, a senir research scientist wh leads the Texas Seismlgical Netwrk Prgram (TexNet). “It’s a matter f millisecnds, and the nly thing yu can cntrl is hw prepared yu are. Even with the 70% accuracy (精确度), that’s a huge result and culd help decrease ecnmic and human lsses and has the ptential t remarkably imprve earthquake preparatin wrldwide.”(这项工作显然是人工智能驱动的地震预测研究的一个里程碑。“你看不到地震的到来，”领导德克萨斯地震网项目(TexNet)的高级研究科学家Alexandrs Savvaidis解释说。“这只是几毫秒的问题，你唯一能控制的就是你准备得如何。即使准确率达到70%，这也是一个巨大的成果，可以帮助减少经济和人员损失，并有可能显著改善全球的地震准备工作。”)”可知，研究人员相信，如果在拥有可靠地震跟踪网络的地区使用，人工智能算法可以产生更准确的预测。因此，这种技术可以被认为是先进的和前景的。故选C。
D
Three yung American men were n a crwded train when they came acrss a dangerus rbber. Ignring their persnal safety, they rushed the rbber and cntrlled him. Only sme peple seem capable f this sudden frm f herism (英雄主义). Why sme men rise t the ccasin — and thers dn’t — has been a bit difficult t explain. Psychlgists have explred this questin thrugh bilgical and persnality psychlgy.
Of curse, herism and curage can appear in many frms, and men and wmen risk their reputatin (名声), health, and scial recgnitin t d what they think is right. When it cmes t physically risky bravery, peple assume that men will take the lead. There are sund bilgical reasns fr this fixed image. One f the mst cmmn fears in men is that they will be viewed as a cward (懦夫), and a man wh fails t display physical curage will suffer damage t his reputatin in a way that a wman will nt. Thrughut histry, gaining a higher psitin amng peers (同龄人) has been the ticket that needs t get punched fr a man t attract future wife and father children.
Peple tend t have an idea f what heres are like. When rating (打分) the persnalities f mvie heres, participants expected them t be mre hard-wrking, pen t experience, apprachable, and emtinally stable than the average persn. But sme studies suggest that peple wh shw heric behavir usually have the persnalities f madmen: risk-taking, clness under stress, and an eagerness t take ver in scial situatins.
The study f the relatinship between persnality and herism is at an early stage. Psychlgists are still at a lss t predict in advance wh will herically step up when needed. Often, the her is an therwise rdinary persn wh finds himself n an extrardinary ccasin. Meanwhile, sme individuals trained t behave herically might hesitate in a dangerus situatin. Varius factrs like identities, ccasins and specific training will influence the final herism. Hpefully, the right mix f ccasin and persnalities enable curage t carry the day.
32. Hw is the tpic intrduced in the first paragraph?
A. By presenting an idea.B. By giving an example.
C. By making a cmparisn.D. By drawing a cnclusin.
33. What d the underlined wrds “get punched” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Be bught.B. Be returned.C. Be abandned.D. Be gained.
34. Why is it difficult t predict wh will act herically in a crisis?
A. Heres are brn, nt made.
B. Heric acts nly appear in a specific crisis.
C. Individual persnality is nt a dependable sign f herism.
D. Herism is a phenmenn influenced by numerus factrs.
35. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. Hw Are Heres Trained?B. Why Are Heres Imprtant?
C. Wh Are the True Heres?D. What Makes a Persn Heric?
【答案】32. B 33. D 34. D 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文，本文讨论了为什么有的人愿意冒着生命危险去救助他人。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Three yung American men were n a crwded train when they encuntered a heavily armed terrrist. With little regard fr their persnal safety, they rushed the terrrist and cntrlled him.(三名年轻的美国男子在拥挤的火车上遇到了一名全副武装的恐怖分子。他们不顾自己的人身安全，冲向恐怖分子并控制住了他)”作者描述了三个年轻的美国人在拥挤的列车上不顾个人安危，挺身而出，勇斗并制服全副武装的恐怖分子。这个具体的事例引出了本篇文章的主题——为什么有的人能成为英雄。故选B。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。结合划线部分所在句中“attaining a psitin f high status r dminance amng ne’s peers(在同辈中获得崇高或主导地位)”可推知，在同辈中获得崇高或主导地位对男性来说应是一种荣誉、优势，故此处指在人类历史上，在同辈中获得崇高或主导地位一直是男性吸引伴侣和生育后代的必要条件。get punched指“获取入场券或通行证”。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。最后一段“Psychlgists are still at a lss t predict in advance wh will herically step up when needed. Often, the her is an therwise rdinary persn wh finds himself n an extrardinary ccasin. Meanwhile, sme individuals trained t behave herically might hesitate in a dangerus situatin(心理学家仍然无法提前预测谁会在需要的时候挺身而出。通常，英雄是一个普通人，他发现自己处于非同寻常的环境中。与此同时，一些受过英勇训练的人可能会在危险情况中犹豫不决)”可知，心理学家们仍然无法提前预测谁会在需要时挺身而出。因为英雄主义是与复杂的个人特质有关， 往往是在极端压力和不确定性下表现出来。然而有些人可能接受过英雄主义行为的训练，但这并不意味着他们在所有情况下都能表现出英勇行为，他们可能会在危机中犹豫或失去勇气。 由于个体差异、 不确定情境、受训经历、心理情绪多种因素的影响，很难预测谁会在危机中英勇行动。故选D。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Why sme men rise t the ccasin — and thers dn’t — has been a bit tricky t explain. Psychlgists have explred this questin thrugh bilgical and persnality psychlgy.(为什么有些男人能应付得了，而有些人却不能，这一点很难解释。心理学家通过生物心理学和人格心理学探索了这个问题)”可知，文章主要讲心理学家通过生物心理学和人格心理学探讨了为什么有人愿意冒着生命危险去救助他人这个问题。故选D。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空自处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
We are familiar with an ld saying “Clthes make the man”, which means gd-lking utfits may pssibly make a persn better respected and lk mre like a true gentleman.____36____ Naturally, he may be well treated even thugh he desn’t seem s respectable as thers imagine. In cntrast, if a man is prly r cmmnly dressed, he is highly likely t be lked dwn upn and unfairly treated, fr many peple judge thers nly by the way they dress. ____37____Cnsequently, clthes d seem t help make a gd impressin n thers, and gain mre respect.
____38____ I think the gd impressin ne leaves n thers based n clthes desn’t last lng. Only gd inner quality and beauty will impress peple frever and never fade. ____39____ Instead, when peple wh are fascinated by a persn’s clthes eventually find ut that he is an undesirable persn, they may treat him with cntempt (蔑视) . On tp f this, peple wh attach t much imprtance t clthes wuld waste their time and mney n it. Besides, it has negative effects n their effrt n the things that really matter.
In summary, clthes d help in making a first impressin, but d nt make the man. ____40____Therefre, nly ne’s inner beauty and knwledge are mre decisive f a persn’s value.
A. Hwever, I have a different view n this issue.
B. Thus, a man shuld be always dressed gracefully.
C. Nthing can cunt mre than gd quality in building up the man.
D. If well dressed, a man will prbably gain mre cnfidence and respect.
E. As a result, all the peple spare n mney t buy expensive fine clthes.
F. Clthes just make a man lk better but will in n sense make a better persn.
G. As far as these peple are cncerned, what ne wears is an imprtant expressin f psitins.
【答案】36. D 37. G 38. A 39. F 40. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文，文章主要讲的是衣着的重要性以及作者对衣着的看法。
【36题详解】
根据空前“We are familiar with an ld saying that“Clthes make the man”, which means gd-lking utfits may pssibly make a persn better respected and lk mre like a true gentleman.(我们都熟悉“人靠衣服马靠鞍”这句老话，意思是漂亮的衣服可能会让一个人更受尊敬，看起来更像一个真正的绅士。)”可知漂亮衣服会让一个人更受尊敬，根据空后“Naturally, he may be well treated even thugh he desn’t seem s respectable as thers imagine.(当然，他可能会受到很好的待遇，即使他看起来并不像别人想象的那么受人尊敬。)”可知此处依旧讲的是衣着得体的好处，空处承上启下，所以空处应进一步说明衣着得体的好处，D项“If well dressed, a man will prbably gain mre cnfidence and respect. (如果一个人穿着得体，他可能会获得更多的信心和尊严。)”进一步指出衣着得体会让一个人获得更多的信心和尊严，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境，故选D项。
【37题详解】
根据空前“In cntrast, if a man is prly r cmmnly dressed, he is highly likely t be lked dwn upn and unfairly treated, fr many peple judge thers nly by the way they dress.(相比之下，如果一个男人穿得很差或很普通，他很可能会被看不起和不公平对待，因为许多人只通过穿着来判断别人。)”指出衣着不得体的人可能会被那些只看中衣着的人所看不起，根据空后“Cnsequently, clthes d seem t help make a gd impressin n thers, and gain mre respect.(因此，衣服似乎确实有助于给别人留下好印象，并赢得更多的尊重。)”可知此处强调衣着得体确实会给别人留下好印象并且为自己赢得更多的尊重，Cnsequently表明一种结果，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲衣着不得体会被一些人看不起的原因，G项“As far as these peple are cncerned, what ne wears is an imprtant expressin f psitins.(在这些人看来，一个人的穿着是身份的重要体现。)”指出衣着不得体之所以会被一些人看不起是因为在这些人眼中衣着是身份的体现，承接上文，引出下文，而且G项中的these peple指代上文的many peple，符合上下文语境，故选G项。
【38题详解】
空处位于段首，应是本段的主旨句，根据空后“I think the gd impressin ne leaves n thers based n clthes desn’t last lng. Only gd inner quality and beauty will impress peple frever and never fade.(我认为一个人的衣着给别人留下的好印象不会持续太久。只有良好的内在品质和美丽才能永远打动人，永不褪色。)”可知此处讲的是作者对于衣着的不同看法，所以空处应该指出作者对于衣着有着不同的看法，A项“Hwever, I have a different view n this issue.( 然而，我对这个问题有不同的看法。)”表明作者对于衣着有着不同的看法，概括全段内容，而且过渡词Hwever表明下文的观点与上文是相反的，符合上下文语境，故选A项。
【39题详解】
根据空前“Only gd inner quality and beauty will impress peple frever and never fade.(只有良好的内在品质和美丽才能永远打动人，永不褪色。)”指出良好的内在品质才是最重要的，根据空后“Instead, when peple wh are fascinated by a persn’s clthes eventually find ut that he is an undesirable persn, they may treat him with cntempt (蔑视) .(相反，当被一个人的衣着所吸引的人最终发现他是一个不受欢迎的人时，他们可能会对他不屑一顾。)”指出当人们发现一个人仅仅是衣着吸引人时就会蔑视他，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲作者对于衣着的不同的观点，F项“Clthes just make a man lk better but will in n sense make a better persn.(衣服只能使人看起来更好，但绝不能使人成为更好的人。)”表明作者对于衣着的观点，即衣服只能使人看起来更好，但绝不能使人成为更好的人，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境，故选F项。
【40题详解】
根据空前“In summary, clthes d help in making a first impressin, but d nt make the man.(总之，衣服确实有助于给人留下第一印象，但并不能决定一个人。)”指出衣着虽然能给人留下第一印象，但是并不能决定一个人，根据空后“Therefre, nly ne’s inner beauty and knwledge are mre decisive f a persn’s value.(因此，只有一个人的内在美和知识更能决定一个人的价值。)”指出内在美和知识更能决定一个人的价值，由Therefre可知空处应该指出真正决定一个人的是什么，C项“Nthing can cunt mre than gd quality in building up the man.(在培养一个人的过程中，没有什么比好的品质更重要的了。)”明确指出真正决定一个人的是品质，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境，故选C项。
第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Explring the peaks f the wrld’s highest muntains has becme almst secnd nature fr Prna and Kavya. It has ____41____ Kavya t NASA where her research has included designing space suits, and Prna t the tp f Munt Everest when in 2014, she became the yungest ever wman t ____42____ the tp f the wrld’s highest muntain at 13.
Nw, these tw wmen have channeled their ____43____ spirit int climbing sme f the wrld’s mst difficult muntains as part f their campaign, Prject Shakthi, which ____44____ mney t fund girls’ educatin. At the end f August, they climbed a 6,012m muntain peak in Ladakh, India — ne previusly unmapped and ____45____ by human expeditins (探险队).
Never climbed befre, the muntain ____46____ difficult challenges fr even an experienced muntaineer like Prna, fr there were neither tracks t fllw nr ____47____ frm previus climbers t stick t. “We have t prepare urselves ____48____ t accept everything,” Prna said. “S it’s cmpletely different and it’s given me s much knwledge t ____49____ thers.”
Cmplex and changeable weather cnditins ften ____50____ the difficulties f climbing a muntain peak. The night when they were t set ut, it ____51____, which meant avalanche (雪崩) cnditins ff the muntain. They had t ____52____ cme back as a team, make a safety call and then prepare fr the next day. S it was very challenging.
And fr a relatively ____53____ climber like Kavya, thugh she had trained hard, the challenges were even greater.
“When we were in the ____54____ at night, we wuld talk abut: ‘What if, yu knw, we wn’t be able t make it t the peak?” Kavya says. “But then we wuld always like t ____55____ each ther that, yu knw, let’s just take it ne step at a time.”
41.
A. gatheredB. pleasedC. respndedD. taken
42.
A. cutB. hldC. reachD. draw
43.
A. explringB. mappingC. leadingD. writing
44.
A. designsB. lendsC. changesD. raises
45.
A. questinedB. untuchedC. desertedD. frgtten
46.
A. explainedB. discveredC. presentedD. predicted
47.
A. luggageB. assistanceC. mneyD. advice
48.
A. mentallyB. mrallyC. temprarilyD. passively
49.
A. guideB. persuadeC. understandD. rder
50.
A. brke upB. sped upC. added tD. devted t
51
A. rainedB. snwedC. endedD. began
52.
A. happilyB. shylyC. slwlyD. rapidly
53.
A. strangeB. greenC. skillfulD. learned
54.
A. hleB. labC. tentD. schl
55.
A. encurageB. praiseC. infrmD. reject
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. B 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. A 50. C 51. B 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Prna和Kavya这两位女性攀登世界最高峰和其他困难山峰的经历，以及她们如何通过Prject Shakthi项目筹集资金来支持女孩教育。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它将Kavya带到了美国国家航空航天局(NASA)，在那里她的研究包括设计太空服，并将Prna带到了2014年的珠穆朗玛峰之巅，13岁的她成为了登上世界最高峰的最年轻的女性。A. gathered聚集；B. pleased使开心；C. respnded回应；D. taken带走，引领。根据“Kavya t NASA where her research has included designing space suits, and Prna t the tp f Munt Everest when in 2014”可知，这让Kavya进入了美国国家航空航天局。故选D项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它将Manyapu带到了美国国家航空航天局(NASA)，在那里她的研究包括设计太空服，并将Malavath带到了2014年的珠穆朗玛峰之巅，13岁的她成为了登上世界最高峰的最年轻的女性。A. cut切；B. hld持有；C. reach达到；D. draw画。根据前文“she became the yungest ever wman”以及后文“the tp f the wrld’s highest muntain at 13”可知，应是“13岁的她成为了登上世界最高峰的最年轻的女性”之意符合语境。故选C项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，这两位女性将她们的探索精神投入到攀登一些世界上最困难的山峰上，这是她们的活动“Shakthi项目”的一部分，该活动旨在为女孩的教育筹集资金。A. explring探索；B. mapping绘制地图；C. leading带领；D. writing写。根据后文“spirit int climbing sme f the wrld’s mst difficult muntains”可知，攀登一些世界上最困难的山峰体现了她们的探索精神。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，这两位女性将她们的探索精神投入到攀登一些世界上最困难的山峰上，这是她们的活动“Shakthi项目”的一部分，该活动旨在为女孩的教育筹集资金。A. designs设计；B. lends借给；C. changes改变；D. raises筹集。根据后文“mney t fund girls’ educatin”可知，这个项目主要是为女孩的教育筹集资金。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：8月底，他们爬上了印度拉达克一座6012米高的山峰，这座山峰此前从未被绘制过地图，也没有人类探险队涉足过。A. questined质疑；B. untuched未触动过；C. deserted抛弃；D. frgtten忘记。根据上文“ne previusly unmapped”以及后文“Never climbed befre”可知，这个山峰此前从未被绘制过地图，说明没有人类探险队涉足过。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：以前从未攀登过这座山，即使是像 Prna这样经验丰富的登山者也面临着困难的挑战，因为既没有可以遵循的路线，也没有以前登山者的建议可以坚持。A. explained解释；B. discvered发现；C. presented带来，呈现；D. predicted预测。根据后文“difficult challenges fr even an experienced muntaineer like Malavath”可知，这座山峰没有人攀登过，因此带给登山者挑战，故选C。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：以前从未攀登过这座山，即使是像 Prna这样经验丰富的登山者也面临着困难的挑战，因为既没有可以遵循的路线，也没有以前登山者的建议可以坚持。A. luggage行李；B. assistance帮助；C. mney金钱；D. advice建议。根据上文“Never climbed befre”以及“there were neither trails t fllw”可知，这座山峰没有人攀登过，既没有可以遵循的路线，也没有以前登山者的建议可以坚持。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我们必须做好心理准备，接受一切，”Prna说。A. mentally心理地；B. mrally道德上地；C. temprarily暂时地；D. passively被动地。根据后文“t accept everything”指做好接受一切的心理准备。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“所以这是完全不同的，它给了我很多知识来指导别人。”A. guide指导；B. persuade说服；C. understand理解；D. rder命令。根据上文“S it’s cmpletely different and it’s given me s much knwledge t”可知，正因为这座山峰是陌生的，所以给了Malavath许多知识，让她可以去指导别人。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：复杂多变的天气条件常常增加攀登山峰的困难。A. brke up分手；B. sped up 加速；C. added t增加；D. devted t致力于。根据“Cmplex and changeable weather cnditins”以及常识，复杂多变的天气条件增加攀登山峰困难。故选C。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们出发的那天晚上下起了雪，这意味着山上有雪崩的危险。A. rained下雨；B. snwed下雪；C. ended结束；D. began开始。根据后文“which meant avalanche (雪崩) cnditins n the muntain”可知，有雪崩的危险说明开始下雪了。故选B。
【52题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们必须迅速组成一个团队回来，打一个安全电话，然后为第二天做准备。A. happily快乐地；B. shyly害羞地；C. slwly缓慢地；D. rapidly快速地。根据后文“cme back as a team, make a safety call and then prepare fr the next day”以及上文提到可能会雪崩，所以他们迅速回来了。故选D。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。 句意：对于Kavya这样的新手来说，尽管她接受过广泛的训练，但挑战更大。A. strange奇怪的；B. green不成熟的，新手的；C. skillful熟练的；D. learned学习。根据上文“S it was very challenging.(所以这非常具有挑战性)”以及Kavya之前没有攀登过这座山峰，所以属于新手，缺乏经验。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“当我们在帐篷里时候，我们会讨论：‘如果，你知道，我们无法到达顶峰，你知道，如果这样怎么办？如果那样呢？’”Kavya说。A. hle洞穴；B. lab实验室；C. tent帐篷；D. schl学校。根据上文“they climbed a 6,012m virgin peak in Ladakh, India”可知，他们当时在登山，所以是在帐篷里商量对策。故选C。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“但是我们总是想回去互相鼓励，互相激励，让我们一步一步来。”A. encurage鼓励；B. praise赞美；C. infrm通知；D. reject拒绝。根据“each ther that, yu knw, let’s just take it ne step at a time.”指他们互相鼓励，互相激励，故选A。
第二节 单词拼写(总分 10 分，共 10 小题，每题 1 分)
根据下列句子及汉语提示或词首字母，写出空缺处单词的正确形式。
56. With the VIP card, yu will get a ten percent ________ (折扣). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】discunt
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：有了VIP卡，你就可以得到百分之十优惠。“折扣”为名词discunt作宾语，由a可知，应用单数，故填discunt。
57. On arriving there, we ffered ur ________ (祝贺) t him n his success in this prject. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】cngratulatins
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：到达那里后，我们向他表示祝贺，祝贺他在这个项目中取得的成功。根据句意以及汉语提示可知，空处应填名词cngratulatin“祝贺”的适当形式作宾语，cngratulatins t smebdy n...“祝贺某人……”，通常用复数。故填cngratulatins。
58. I assume that these are interesting scientific ________ (现象). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】phenmena
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我认为这些都是有趣的科学现象。根据汉语提示可知应用名词phenmenn，根据上文are可知用名词复数phenmena作表语。故填phenmena。
59. The Lantern Festival falls n the 15th f the first mnth f the ________ (阴历的) calendar. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】lunar
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：元宵节是在农历的正月十五。根据单词汉语提示“阴历的”及空后的calendar可知，应填形容词形式lunar，作定语。故填lunar。
60. In the nursing prfessin, wmen are in the ________.(大多数)(根据汉语意思单词拼写)
【答案】majrity
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在护理行业中，女性占多数。in the majrity占多数。根据汉语提示及句意，故填majrity。
61. It is t________f Tm t let thers wait fr him.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】typical##ypical
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：汤姆一贯不愿让别人等他。根据句子结构及首字母可知，此处应填形容词作表语。根据句意可知，应填“典型的，一贯的”，故填typical。
62. The prducts are f high quality. In additin, delivery is free f c________. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】charge##harge
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这些产品质量好，且运送免费。根据首字母提示和句意可知，此处应为短语“免费”，表达为free f charge，名词作宾语，故填charge。
63. I hld the firm b________that yu will benefit a lt frm the activity. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】belief##elief
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我坚信你将从活动中受益匪浅。根据句意及首字母提示可知，形容词后使用名词belief作宾语，hld the firm belief that表示“坚信……”，故填belief。
64. In a wrd, t read the ________ wrk is better than t see the film based n in. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】riginal
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：总而言之，阅读原作比看改编的电影要好得多。根据首字母提示及设空后的名词，可知设空处填形容词“原作的”，形容词riginal，表示“原作的”，故填riginal。
65. He has a number f interests, r______ frm playing chess t swimming.
【答案】ranging##anging
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他有许多爱好，从下棋到游泳。根据句首字母以及句意表示“从……到……范围”短语为range frm，且分析句子结构可知range在句中应用非谓语动词形式做状语，与逻辑主语interests构成主动关系，故用现在分词。故填ranging。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 5 分)
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
66. Yu shuld set aside sme time t reflect ________yur successes and failures.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】n##upn
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：你应该留出一些时间来反思你的成功和失败。分析句意可知，此句包含动词短语reflect n/upn...，表示“反省,考虑”。故填n或者upn。
67. She held her sn tightly int her arms, with tears ________ (stream) dwn her cheeks.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】streaming
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她紧紧地把儿子抱在怀里，眼泪顺着脸颊流下来。分析句子可知，此处考查“with+宾语+宾语补足语”，stream用非谓语动词作宾语补足语，stream与逻辑主语tears是主动关系，用现在分词作宾语补足语，故填streaming。
68. The bss f the cmpany is trying t create an easy atmsphere ________ his emplyees enjy their wrk. (适当形式填空)
【答案】where
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：该公司的老板试图创造轻松的氛围，这样他的员工就可以从中享受到工作的乐趣。此处为定语从句修饰先行词an easy atmsphere，且先行词在从句中作地点状语，故要用where。故填where。
69. Large amunts f mney ________ (spend) in rebuilding the ld temple in the last tw years. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】have been spent
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的两年中，为了重建这座古庙花费了大量的资金。spend作本句谓语，根据时间状语in the last tw years可知，用现在完成时，主语是mney，两者是被动关系，用被动语态，所以用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been spent。
70. ________ (absrb) in his wrld f music, he felt as if he culd see the beauty f the wrld arund him. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Absrbed
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：沉浸在音乐的世界里，他觉得自己仿佛能看到周围世界的美丽。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作状语，absrb与逻辑主语he之间为被动关系，所以此处应使用过去分词absrbed，因位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Absrbed。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节(满分 15 分)
71. 假设你是红星中学高三（1）班李华，你校将在下周五举办“校园文化节（Campus Culture Festival）”系列活动。请给你班留学生Jim写封邮件，邀请他参加，邮件的内容包括：
1.介绍你选择活动内容； 2.说明参加该活动的理由； 3.询问是否愿意参加该活动；
注意：1.词数不少于50；2.邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I’m writing t invite yu t the annual Campus Culture Festival t be held next Friday.
This year the festival will prvide varius activities. As a lver f traditinal culture, I’d like t chse kite flying. There will be pictures, pems and prverbs abut kites when the time cmes. We will als have the chance t learn hw t make kites frm flk artists. Besides, a cmpetitin fr kite flying will be held. I’m sure we’ll develp ur awareness f traditinal culture and practical ability during this activity.
If yu are interested in it, please let me knw. Hpe t meet at the Campus Culture Festival.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知, 本篇为一封电子邮件；假设你是红星中学高三（1）班李华，你校将在下周五举办“校园文化节（Campus Culture Festival）”系列活动。请给你班留学生Jim写封邮件，邀请他参加，邮件的内容包括：1.介绍你选择的活动内容； 2.说明参加该活动的理由； 3.询问是否愿意参加该活动。
第2步：根据写作要求, 确定关键词（组）, 如：Campus Culture Festival（校园艺术节）；varius（各种各样的）；traditinal culture（传统文化）；flk artists（民间艺术家）；practical ability（实践能力）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句, 注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般将来时。
第4步：连句成文, 注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡, 书写一定要规范清晰, 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整, 语言规范, 语篇连贯, 词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式, 如There will be pictures, pems and prverbs abut kites when the time cmes.运用了there be句型；If yu are interested in it, please let me knw.运用了条件状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式, 显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外, 文章思路清晰、层次分明, 上下句转换自然, 为文章增色添彩。
第二节(满分 25 分)
72. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的故事。
Gifts fr Jace
I’ll never frget the day that ne f my students shyly raised his hand and said that he had never received a gift. My shcked fifth-graders were discussing a reading stry abut a by wh was nt ging t be getting anything fr his birthday because mney was tight that year. Even thugh this class was very pen during reading discussins, Jace’s hnesty surprised even me. What was even mre eye-pening was the fact that this sweet, fifth-grade by had gne ten years and never experienced the jy and surprise f receiving a present.
I searched my mind fr a reasn that he might be saying this. Did he want attentin frm his peers? N, that was definitely nt his style. Was he exaggerating? Again, he was nt the type. Then I remembered his stry. His mther was ut f the picture and he lived alne with his dad. His father had a hard time hlding dwn a jb, and cming t think f it, I didn’t see his father at registratin r parent-teacher cnferences. Even thugh n the utside Jace was a bit untidy, he always came t schl with a smile and sincere enthusiasm fr learning.
A cuple f weeks after Jace’s cmment, he was absent frm schl due t the fact that he had mved away. This happened t be the day I was sending hme the annual nte abut the classrm Christmas gifts exchange. Traditinally, each by was t bring a gift fr a by in the three-dllar range and the same was true fr each girl.
As we were discussing the specifics, a girl raised her hand and sincerely suggested that we d away with ur traditinal plicy, and each buy a gift fr Jace instead. The enthusiasm grew as the students discussed the kinds f things they knew Jace wuld like. We tk a quick vte and cnsistently agreed t g ahead with this wnderful idea.
注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1: Days befre ur Christmas vacatin, the gifts began t pur in.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: As I drve dwn his rad, I saw a light flashing, signaling which hme was his.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Paragraph 1:
Days befre ur Christmas vacatin, the gifts began t pur in. Students with bright eyes wuld eagerly tell me hw they fund the “perfect gift”. One student bught a cmplete art set, knwing Jace lved t draw. Anther fund ty aliens, remembering a paper Jace had written abut aliens. I was amazed by their thughtfulness and knew I culdn’t let them r Jace dwn. I fund my infrmatin sheet and called the number listed. There was n respnse despite my cntinuus effrts. On Christmas Eve, I decided t try ne last time. Amazingly, Jace answered the phne! The next thing was t drive t his hme.
Paragraph 2:
As I drve dwn his rad, I saw a light flashing, signaling which hme was his. It tk several trips back and frth t my car t get the gifts inside. Eyes fixed n the piles f carefully wrapped gifts, jy mingled with gratitude was written n his face. Unfrgettable was Jace’s jyful smile that lit up the sky like a string f twinkle lights. Thinking abut my thughtful students and hw excited I was t tell them abut finding Jace, I had a smile f my wn, and was thankful t be a part f ne f the mst imprtant “lessns” f their lives.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是读后续写。本文以时间为线索展开，讲述了作者班里的一个学生从未收到过礼物，而作者和班里其他学生趁着圣诞节交换礼物的契机每人给这位同学送了一个礼物。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“圣诞假期前几天，礼物开始纷至沓来。”可知，第一段可描写作者从学生那里收到的各种各样的礼物，以及送这些礼物的原因。
②由第二段首句内容“当我沿着他的路行驶时，我看到一盏灯闪烁，表明哪个家是他的。”可知，第二段可描写作者去学生家送礼物，看到学生高兴的样子。
2.续写线索：收礼物——听故事——送礼物——高兴感动
3.词汇激活
行为类
①回忆：remember/ recall/ recllect
②知道、意识到：knw/ recgnize/ be cnscius f/ be aware f
③尝试：try/ attempt/ have a try
情绪类
①开心的笑：jyful smile/ happy smile/ elated smile/ merry smile
②让某人失望：let sb. dwn/ disappint sb./ frustrate sb.
【点睛】【点睛】
【高分句型1】Anther fund ty aliens, remembering a paper Jace had written abut aliens.（运用了现在分词remembering作原因状语和省略关系代词的限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Unfrgettable was Jace’s jyful smile that lit up the sky like a string f twinkle lights. （运用了“表语+系动词+主语”结构的完全倒装句和that引导的限制性定语从句）
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What clr is the wman’s cat?
A. Black.B. White.C. Red.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Have yu seen a cat near here?
M: I saw three—a black ne, a red ne and a white ne. Which is yurs?
W: The black and the red ne belng t my neighbr. The ther is mine.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where did the man leave his bag?
A. On the bus.B. At schl.C. At his friend’s.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Yu’re late. What happened? I hpe yu didn’t get int truble at schl.
M: N. I gt ff the bus and then realized I’d left my bag n the seat. My friend tk it t his huse, s I had t g and cllect it.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What caused the mark n the wman’s arm?
A. An insect.B. A dg.C. A child.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: What is that mark n yur arm? Did yu get tuched by an insect?
W: N, I was hlding my sister’s baby and he bit me. He’s like a little dg chewing n everything.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why is the man in such a rush?
A. He missed his train.
B. He needed t buy a train ticket.
C. He went t the wrng statin.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Yur ticket says yur train leaves frm Penn Statin, nt Grand Central Statin. If yu take a taxi there, yu might make it n time!
M: Oh, n. Thanks, I’ll try. I nly have 30 minutes left!
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers discussing?
A. Kinds f restaurants.B. Types f fd.C. Areas f twn.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: We had a great meal at the new place n High Street. The ne acrss the rad des gd fd as well.
M: Have yu tried the Indian restaurant in the twn center? I’ve heard gd reprts abut it.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Hw des the wman feel?
A. Lucky.B. Srry.C. Wrried.
7. What will the man d next?
A. Cmplain t the bss.B. Leave the ft prints.C. Clean the flr again.
【答案】6. B 7. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey lady, I just cleaned that flr. Lk at all yur ft prints. W: Oh n, I d aplgize.
M: There is a big sign utside saying “Nt Available”. Didn’t yu see it? W: I didn’t. Please frgive me.
M: Oh, it’s OK. I’ll d it again.
W: I tell my kids ff when they d that at hme—and nw here I am ding the same thing. M: Dn’t wrry abut it. The bss will just think I’m wrking slwly. It’s nt a big deal.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What d we knw abut the speakers?
A. They are a cuple.B. They are gd friends.C. They are strangers.
9. What will the man d fr the wman?
A. Offer her a free meal.
B. Make plans with her and her family.
C. Help her create a restaurant business.
【答案】8. C 9. A
【解析】
【原文】M: I’ve seen yu sitting in this park ver the last cuple f mnths, but I’ve never said hell. I’m Tm.
W: Hell, my dear. Nice t meet yu. I’m here a lt. At my age, I can’t d much besides siting in the park.
M: D yur friends r family live nearby?
W: Mst friends passed away years ag. I see my family smetimes, but they mved ut f the city.
M: Well, I wn a restaurant arund here. Please, cme by and rder anything yu want. W: Sunds lvely, but is it expensive?
M: Oh, please! It’s n me.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. When did the wman start wrk?
A. At 6:00 a.m.B. At 7:00 a.m.C. At 8:00 a.m.
11. Why is the wman tired?
A. She didn’t sleep.B. She had a lng day.C. She did bring wrk.
12. What is the wman?
A. A patient.B. A nurse.C. A dctr.
【答案】10. A 11. B 12. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Oh, what a day! The hspital was s busy. N sner had the dctrs seen ne patient than they had t see anther.
M: Yu need t sit dwn and relax.
W: I think I might g straight t bed. What time is it?
M: 8:00 p.m.
W: That means I started wrk 14 hurs ag. N wnder I’m tired. The ther nurses are the same.
M: Why was it s busy?
W: The emergency teams kept bringing mre peple in. I’ve never seen anything like that.
M: Was there an accident?
W: N, it was just ne f thse days.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. In a club.B. In a sprts center.C. In a cncert hall.
14. What des the man dislike abut large music cncerts?
A. The high price.B. The bad sund.C. The dark atmsphere.
15. Hw did the man get the tickets?
A. Frm his sister.B. Frm a friend.C. Frm a website.
16. What instrument des the wman play?
A. The vilin.B. The guitar.C. The pian.
【答案】13. C 14. B 15. A 16. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Have yu ever been t this cncert hall befre?
W: N, this is my first time.
M: The sund is amazing. They designed it, s yu have a great audi experience n matter where yu sit.
W: Usually I nly see live music at clubs.
M: I used t g t big cncerts at the sprts center, but it’s just t big, the sund desn’t travel well.
W: I agree. I think peple g t them mainly fr the cmfrtable envirnment.
M: True. It can be electric, but it wuld take a lt f effrt t get t.
W: Hw did yu get these tickets anyway? I thught they had been sld ut.
M: They had, but my sister is in the rchestra. She plays the vilin.
W: Well, tell her thanks fr me. D yu play any instruments?
M: N. I tried t learn guitar, but I’m nt gifted like my sister. Hw abut yu?
W: I play the pian.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What will the weather be like near the cean this weekend?
A. Windy.B. Snwy.C. Sunny.
18. What is the speaker’s suggestin fr thse living in the muntains?
A. Traveling t the cast.B. Staying inside.C. Playing in the snw.
19. What warning are lcal fficials giving?
A. Rads may becme dangerus.
B. Temperatures culd be very lw.
C. Peple might lse electricity.
20. When will gd weather begin?
A. On Tuesday.B. On Friday.C. On Saturday.
【答案】17. A 18. B 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Gd evening, and welcme t the Channel 5 weather reprt. This weekend we expect t see strmy weather thrughut the nrtheast regin. Alng the cast, there will be strng winds and heavy rain starting Friday. Fr thse living further inland, away frm the cean, it will be less windy, but it will still be a very wet weekend. If yu live in r near the muntains, stay warm and get ready fr the heavy snw! Icy rads and snw will make it dangerus t g ut r travel n Saturday, s it’ll be best t d indr activities at hme. Lcal fficials are warning f pssible pwer cut thrughut the entire regin. We at Channel 5 encurage everyne t keep a flashlight and spare batteries at hme in case there’s n electricity. We als want t remind yu t keep yur mbile phnes and battery packs fully charged. Frtunately, this strm system shuld pass quickly, and yu can lk frward t sunny skies starting Tuesday.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Everyne has unique needs and preferences, and individual sleep requirements are n different. Hwever, the amunt f sleep yu need per night is mainly determined by yur age. Official recmmendatins fr the length f a persn’s sleep are brken dwn by age grup:
Older adults (65+): 7–8 hurs
Adults (18–64 years): 7–9 hurs
Teenagers (14–17 years): 8–10 hurs
Schl children (6–13 years): 9–11 hurs
Preschlers (3–5 years): 10–13 hurs (including naps)
Tddlers (1–2 years): 11–14 hurs (including naps)
Infants (4–12 mnths): 12–15 hurs (including naps)
Newbrns (0–3 mnths): 14–17 hurs
Hwever, sme peple might need mre r less sleep than what is generally recmmended, depending n the fllwing factrs.
Genetic makeup
Yur genetics are an imprtant factr in hw many hurs f sleep yu need per night.
Fr example, thse with ne specific genetic mutatin (基因突变) need nly arund 6 hurs, whereas peple withut such particular mutatin require abut 8 hurs, n average.
Sleep quality
The quality f yur sleep can als affect hw much yu need.
If yur sleep quality is pr, yu may find that yu still feel tired after getting what shuld be cnsidered enugh.
Therefre, it’s nt nly imprtant t fcus n sleeping lng enugh but als n sleeping well enugh. If yu ften feel like yu aren’t sleeping well r are extremely tired and dn’t knw why, it’s a gd idea t check in with yur healthcare prvider.
21. What is the main reasn fr the amunt f sleep we need per night?
A. Sleep quality.B. Genetics.C. Our eating habits.D. Our age.
22. Which f the fllwing statements is true accrding t the passage?
A. All schl children need t sleep fr 9 t 11 hurs.
B. Any kind f genetic mutatin can lead t a 6-hur sleep pattern.
C. Yu shuld turn t yur healthcare prvider as lng as yu feel tired.
D. Pr sleep quality may lead t tiredness thugh yu’ve gt enugh sleep.
23. Where des this passage mst prbably cme frm?
A. A health magazine.B. A travel brchure.
C A fashin website.D. A sprts newspaper.
【答案】21. D 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要说明了不同年龄段所需要的睡眠时间以及其他影响睡眠的因素。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Hwever, the amunt f sleep yu need per night is mainly determined by yur age.(然而，你每晚需要的睡眠时间主要取决于你的年龄)”可知，我们每晚需要多少睡眠的主要原因是我们的年龄。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“If yur sleep quality is pr, yu may find that yu still feel tired after getting what shuld be cnsidered enugh.(如果你的睡眠质量很差，你可能会发现你在得到应该被认为足够的睡眠后仍然感到疲倦)”可知，D选项“尽管你睡眠充足，睡眠质量差可能会导致疲劳”正确。故选D。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Everyne has unique needs and preferences, and individual sleep requirements are n different. Hwever, the amunt f sleep yu need per night is mainly determined by yur age. Official recmmendatins fr the length f a persn’s sleep are brken dwn by age grup(每个人都有独特的需求和偏好，个人的睡眠需求也没有什么不同。然而，你每晚需要的睡眠时间主要取决于你的年龄。官方对一个人的睡眠时间的建议是按年龄分组的)”结合文章主要说明了不同年龄段所需要的睡眠时间以及其他影响睡眠的因素。可推知，文章选自一本健康杂志。故选A。
B
At Christmas last year, Cathy Wd’s family hme in Manchester was disturbingly quiet. Her daughters, 19 and 21, were revising fr exams. She says she and her husband “hardly saw anything f them…I was a bit fed up.” Bred and frustrated, she bught a 45kg bunch f secndhand clthes, withut knwing what she was ging t d with it.
Wd a frmer teacher f English, has always lved clthes. At university, Wd hung ut with the fashin students and sewed her wn new rmantic utfits. Wd, nw 62, enjyed shpping fr vintage (老款) clthing and had even discussed getting a shp with a friend, but the rents put them ff. A week r s after the bunch arrived, she bked a stall (货摊) at West Didsbury Makers Market.
Standing at her first market stall was a whlly new experience thugh. “It was very different frm teaching. Yu need just the right amunt f cntact with peple.” Wd sld fur pieces at her first market, which paid fr the stall and left a small surplus (盈余). Nw, she smetimes returns hme with 30 empty cat hangers. But it was the cntact with custmers and fellw traders that she fund mst rewarding. “It’s a lvely envirnment. Yu chat and get t knw each ther. I really enjyed it.” she says.
Smetimes, in quiet mments n the stall, she takes ut her mending and thinks f her mther and grandmther. “My grandmther taught art and crafts, and bth she and my mther spent a lt f time with the sewing machine, teaching me t sew,” “What these clthes d is transprt me back t different times when things were easier fr me. They give me a pleasurable feeling. Nstalgia (怀旧) can be a gd thing in that way.”
After she stpped teaching, she “started t feel like a nn persn”, she says. The market stall “has given me status in my wn mind t be part f the cmmunity, cntributing smething, t be smebdy peple talk t, smebdy peple smile at.”
24. Why did Wd sell secndhand clthes?
A. T keep her friend cmpany.
B. T pick up her sewing skills.
C. T kill her bring retirement life.
D. T pay her daughter’s schling fees.
25. What des Wd find mst rewarding in her business?
A. The prfits earned frm the business.
B. The cmmunicatin with ther peple.
C. The cmpetitin with different traders.
D. The envirnment f the market stall.
26. What des the underlined wrd “They” in Para.5 refer t?
A. Her grandmther and mther.B. Art and crafts.
C. The secndhand clthes.D. The gd ld days.
27. What des Wd say cncerning her secndhand clthes business?
A. It has made her a wrthy persn.
B. It has imprved her marketing skills.
C. It has helped her t be a funny persn.
D. It has made her cmmunity much richer.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位退休英语教师卖旧服装的故事，她在这个过程中重新实现了自我价值。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Bred and frustrated, she bught a 45kg bunch f secndhand clthes, withut knwing what she was ging t d with it.”（她感到无聊和沮丧，买了一堆45公斤重的二手衣服，不知道她要用这些衣服做什么。）和第二段中“Wd, a frmer teacher f English, has always lved clthes.”（伍德，一位前英语老师，一直喜欢衣服。）可知，伍德之前是一位英语老师，一直喜欢衣服，退休后感到无聊和沮丧，所以，买了一堆45公斤重的二手衣服，开始卖二手衣服，由此可知，伍德卖二手衣服是因为她想结束她无聊的退休生活。故选C项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“But it was the cntact with custmers and fellw traders that she fund mst rewarding.”（但她发现，与客户和同行的接触是最有益的。）可知，伍德认为与客户和同行的接触是最有益的，由此可知，伍德觉得自己的生意最有益的是与其他人的沟通。故选B项。
【26题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线单词上句“What these clthes d is transprt me back t different times when things were easier fr me.”（这些衣服的作用就是把我带回不同的时代，那时候的事情对我来说更容易。）可知，二手衣服把伍德带回到过去美好的日子，由此可知，是过去美好的日子给她一种愉悦的感觉，结合选项可知，“They”代指“过去美好的日子”。故选D项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The market stall “has given me status in my wn mind t be part f the cmmunity, cntributing smething, t be smebdy peple talk t, smebdy peple smile at.””（市场摊位“让我在心中感觉到自己成为了社区的一员，贡献了一些东西，成为人们交谈的对象，成为人们微笑的对象。”）可知，二手衣服生意让伍德重新找到了自我价值，让她感觉自己成为了社区的一员并能贡献一些东西，得到了人们的关注，由此可知，伍德认为二手衣服生意这使她成为了一个有价值的人。故选A项。
C
Artificial intelligence (AI) is shwing prmise in earthquake predictin, challenging the lng-held belief that it is impssible. Researchers at the University f Texas, Austin, have develped an AI algrithm (算法) that crrectly predicted 70% f earthquakes a week in advance during a trial in China and prvided accurate calculatins fr the predicted earthquakes.
The research team believes their methd succeeded because they stuck with a relatively simple machine learning apprach. The AI was prvided with a set f statistical (统计的) features based n the team’s knwledge f earthquake physics, and then instructed t train itself using a five-year database f earthquake recrdings. Once trained, the AI prvided its predictin f earthquake by listening fr signs f incming earthquakes within the backgrund rumblings (隆隆声) in the Earth.
This wrk is clearly a milestne in research fr AI-driven earthquake predictin. “Yu dn’t see earthquakes cming,” explains Alexandrs Savvaidis, a senir research scientist wh leads the Texas Seismlgical Netwrk Prgram (TexNet). “It’s a matter f millisecnds ( 毫秒), and the nly thing yu can cntrl is hw prepared yu are. Even with the 70% accuracy, that’s a huge result and culd help minimize ecnmic and human lsses and has the ptential t remarkably imprve earthquake preparatin wrldwide.”
While it is unknwn whether the same apprach will wrk at ther places, the researchers are cnfident that their AI algrithm culd prduce mre accurate predictins if used in areas with reliable earthquake tracking netwrks. S, their next step is t test artificial intelligence in different places in Texas, since UT’s Bureau TexNet has 300 earthquake statins there and ver six years’ wrth f cntinuus recrds, making it ideal fr these purpses.
Eventually, the authrs hpe t cmbine the system with physics-based mdels. This strategy culd prve especially imprtant where data is pr r lacking. “That may be a lng way ff, but many advances such as this ne, taken tgether, are what mves science frward,” cncludes Sctt Tinker, the bureau’s directr.
28. Hw des the AI predict earthquakes?
A. By analyzing backgrund sunds in the Earth.
B. By identifying data frm remte sensing satellite.
C. By mdeling data based n earthquake recrdings.
D. By mnitring changes in the Earth’s magnetic field.
29. What des Alexandrs Savvaidis intend t shw in paragraph 3?
A. The ways t reduce lsses in earthquakes.
B. The accuracy f AI in earthquake predictin.
C. The limitatin f AI algrithms in earthquake predictin.
D. The significance f develping AI-driven earthquake predictin.
30. What des the fllw-up research fcus n?
A. Cnducting tests in different lcatins.
B. Building mre earthquake statins in Texas.
C. Imprving the quality f earthquake tracking netwrks.
D. Applying AI apprach t ther fields besides earthquake.
31. Which wrds can best describe the earthquake-predicting technlgy?
A. Precise but utdated.B. Effective but cstly.
C. Advanced and prmising.D. Ptential and ecnmical.
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. A 31. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的研究人员在地震预测方面取得的进展，特别是他们开发的AI算法在地震预测方面的应用及其效果。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The AI was prvided with a set f statistical features based n the team’s knwledge f earthquake physics, and then instructed t train itself using a five-year database f earthquake recrdings. Once trained, the AI prvided its predictin by listening fr signs f incming earthquakes within the backgrund rumblings (轰隆隆) in the Earth. (根据团队对地震物理学的了解，为人工智能提供了一组统计特征，然后指示它使用五年的地震记录数据库进行自我训练。经过训练后，人工智能通过在地球的背景隆隆声中收听即将发生地震的迹象来进行预测。)”可知，人工智能经过训练后通过在地球的背景隆隆声中收听即将发生地震的迹象来进行预测。故选A。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“This wrk is clearly a milestne in research fr AI-driven earthquake predictin. “Yu dn’t see earthquakes cming,” explains Alexandrs Savvaidis, a senir research scientist wh leads the Texas Seismlgical Netwrk Prgram (TexNet). “It’s a matter f millisecnds, and the nly thing yu can cntrl is hw prepared yu are. Even with the 70% accuracy (精确度), that’s a huge result and culd help decrease ecnmic and human lsses and has the ptential t remarkably imprve earthquake preparatin wrldwide.” (这项工作显然是人工智能驱动的地震预测研究的一个里程碑。“你看不到地震的到来，”领导德克萨斯地震网项目(TexNet)的高级研究科学家Alexandrs Savvaidis解释说。“这只是几毫秒的问题，你唯一能控制的就是你准备得如何。即使准确率达到70%，这也是一个巨大的成果，可以帮助减少经济和人员损失，并有可能显著改善全球的地震准备工作。”)”可知，Alexandrs Savvaidis 在第三段中解释了地震预测的重要性，并强调了AI预测系统的70%准确率是一个巨大的结果，可以帮助减少经济和人员损失，并有可能显著改善全球的地震准备。这表明他意在展示开发AI预测系统的重要性。故选D。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“While it is unknwn whether the same apprach will wrk at ther lcatins, the researchers are cnfident that their AI algrithm culd prduce mre accurate predictins if used in areas with reliable earthquake tracking netwrks. The next step is t test artificial intelligence in Texas, since UT’s Bureau TexNet has 300 earthquake statins and ver six years wrth f cntinuus recrds, making it an ideal lcatin fr these purpses. (虽然尚不清楚同样的方法是否会在其他地方起作用，但研究人员相信，如果在拥有可靠地震跟踪网络的地区使用，他们的人工智能算法可以产生更准确的预测。下一步是在德克萨斯州测试人工智能，因为德克萨斯大学的德克萨斯网络局(Bureau TexNet)有300个地震观测站，有超过6年的连续记录，使其成为进行这些研究的理想地点。)”可知，这表明他们计划在不同地点进行测试以验证该方法的适用性。因此，该研究的重点是在不同地点进行测试。故选A。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Artificial intelligence (AI) is shwing prmise in earthquake predictin, challenging the lng-held belief that it is impssible. Researchers at the University f Texas, Austin, have develped an Al algrithm (算法) that crrectly predicted 70% f earthquakes a week in advance during a test in China and prvided accurate strength calculatins fr the predicted earthquakes. (人工智能(AI)在地震预测方面显示出希望，挑战了人们长期以来认为地震预测是不可能的信念。德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的研究人员开发了一种人工智能算法，在中国进行的一次测试中，该算法提前一周正确预测了70%的地震，并为预测的地震提供了准确的强度计算。)”可知，地震预测技术有发展前景；再根据文章第三段“This wrk is clearly a milestne in research fr AI-driven earthquake predictin. “Yu dn’t see earthquakes cming,” explains Alexandrs Savvaidis, a senir research scientist wh leads the Texas Seismlgical Netwrk Prgram (TexNet). “It’s a matter f millisecnds, and the nly thing yu can cntrl is hw prepared yu are. Even with the 70% accuracy (精确度), that’s a huge result and culd help decrease ecnmic and human lsses and has the ptential t remarkably imprve earthquake preparatin wrldwide.”(这项工作显然是人工智能驱动的地震预测研究的一个里程碑。“你看不到地震的到来，”领导德克萨斯地震网项目(TexNet)的高级研究科学家Alexandrs Savvaidis解释说。“这只是几毫秒的问题，你唯一能控制的就是你准备得如何。即使准确率达到70%，这也是一个巨大的成果，可以帮助减少经济和人员损失，并有可能显著改善全球的地震准备工作。”)”可知，研究人员相信，如果在拥有可靠地震跟踪网络的地区使用，人工智能算法可以产生更准确的预测。因此，这种技术可以被认为是先进的和前景的。故选C。
D
Three yung American men were n a crwded train when they came acrss a dangerus rbber. Ignring their persnal safety, they rushed the rbber and cntrlled him. Only sme peple seem capable f this sudden frm f herism (英雄主义). Why sme men rise t the ccasin — and thers dn’t — has been a bit difficult t explain. Psychlgists have explred this questin thrugh bilgical and persnality psychlgy.
Of curse, herism and curage can appear in many frms, and men and wmen risk their reputatin (名声), health, and scial recgnitin t d what they think is right. When it cmes t physically risky bravery, peple assume that men will take the lead. There are sund bilgical reasns fr this fixed image. One f the mst cmmn fears in men is that they will be viewed as a cward (懦夫), and a man wh fails t display physical curage will suffer damage t his reputatin in a way that a wman will nt. Thrughut histry, gaining a higher psitin amng peers (同龄人) has been the ticket that needs t get punched fr a man t attract future wife and father children.
Peple tend t have an idea f what heres are like. When rating (打分) the persnalities f mvie heres, participants expected them t be mre hard-wrking, pen t experience, apprachable, and emtinally stable than the average persn. But sme studies suggest that peple wh shw heric behavir usually have the persnalities f madmen: risk-taking, clness under stress, and an eagerness t take ver in scial situatins.
The study f the relatinship between persnality and herism is at an early stage. Psychlgists are still at a lss t predict in advance wh will herically step up when needed. Often, the her is an therwise rdinary persn wh finds himself n an extrardinary ccasin. Meanwhile, sme individuals trained t behave herically might hesitate in a dangerus situatin. Varius factrs like identities, ccasins and specific training will influence the final herism. Hpefully, the right mix f ccasin and persnalities enable curage t carry the day.
32. Hw is the tpic intrduced in the first paragraph?
A. By presenting an idea.B. By giving an example.
C. By making a cmparisn.D. By drawing a cnclusin.
33. What d the underlined wrds “get punched” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Be bught.B. Be returned.C. Be abandned.D. Be gained.
34. Why is it difficult t predict wh will act herically in a crisis?
A. Heres are brn, nt made.
B. Heric acts nly appear in a specific crisis.
C. Individual persnality is nt a dependable sign f herism.
D. Herism is a phenmenn influenced by numerus factrs.
35. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. Hw Are Heres Trained?B. Why Are Heres Imprtant?
C. Wh Are the True Heres?D. What Makes a Persn Heric?
【答案】32. B 33. D 34. D 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文，本文讨论了为什么有的人愿意冒着生命危险去救助他人。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Three yung American men were n a crwded train when they encuntered a heavily armed terrrist. With little regard fr their persnal safety, they rushed the terrrist and cntrlled him.(三名年轻的美国男子在拥挤的火车上遇到了一名全副武装的恐怖分子。他们不顾自己的人身安全，冲向恐怖分子并控制住了他)”作者描述了三个年轻的美国人在拥挤的列车上不顾个人安危，挺身而出，勇斗并制服全副武装的恐怖分子。这个具体的事例引出了本篇文章的主题——为什么有的人能成为英雄。故选B。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。结合划线部分所在句中“attaining a psitin f high status r dminance amng ne’s peers(在同辈中获得崇高或主导地位)”可推知，在同辈中获得崇高或主导地位对男性来说应是一种荣誉、优势，故此处指在人类历史上，在同辈中获得崇高或主导地位一直是男性吸引伴侣和生育后代的必要条件。get punched指“获取入场券或通行证”。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。最后一段“Psychlgists are still at a lss t predict in advance wh will herically step up when needed. Often, the her is an therwise rdinary persn wh finds himself n an extrardinary ccasin. Meanwhile, sme individuals trained t behave herically might hesitate in a dangerus situatin(心理学家仍然无法提前预测谁会在需要的时候挺身而出。通常，英雄是一个普通人，他发现自己处于非同寻常的环境中。与此同时，一些受过英勇训练的人可能会在危险情况中犹豫不决)”可知，心理学家们仍然无法提前预测谁会在需要时挺身而出。因为英雄主义是与复杂的个人特质有关， 往往是在极端压力和不确定性下表现出来。然而有些人可能接受过英雄主义行为的训练，但这并不意味着他们在所有情况下都能表现出英勇行为，他们可能会在危机中犹豫或失去勇气。 由于个体差异、 不确定情境、受训经历、心理情绪多种因素的影响，很难预测谁会在危机中英勇行动。故选D。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Why sme men rise t the ccasin — and thers dn’t — has been a bit tricky t explain. Psychlgists have explred this questin thrugh bilgical and persnality psychlgy.(为什么有些男人能应付得了，而有些人却不能，这一点很难解释。心理学家通过生物心理学和人格心理学探索了这个问题)”可知，文章主要讲心理学家通过生物心理学和人格心理学探讨了为什么有人愿意冒着生命危险去救助他人这个问题。故选D。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空自处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
We are familiar with an ld saying “Clthes make the man”, which means gd-lking utfits may pssibly make a persn better respected and lk mre like a true gentleman.____36____ Naturally, he may be well treated even thugh he desn’t seem s respectable as thers imagine. In cntrast, if a man is prly r cmmnly dressed, he is highly likely t be lked dwn upn and unfairly treated, fr many peple judge thers nly by the way they dress. ____37____Cnsequently, clthes d seem t help make a gd impressin n thers, and gain mre respect.
____38____ I think the gd impressin ne leaves n thers based n clthes desn’t last lng. Only gd inner quality and beauty will impress peple frever and never fade. ____39____ Instead, when peple wh are fascinated by a persn’s clthes eventually find ut that he is an undesirable persn, they may treat him with cntempt (蔑视) . On tp f this, peple wh attach t much imprtance t clthes wuld waste their time and mney n it. Besides, it has negative effects n their effrt n the things that really matter.
In summary, clthes d help in making a first impressin, but d nt make the man. ____40____Therefre, nly ne’s inner beauty and knwledge are mre decisive f a persn’s value.
A. Hwever, I have a different view n this issue.
B. Thus, a man shuld be always dressed gracefully.
C. Nthing can cunt mre than gd quality in building up the man.
D. If well dressed, a man will prbably gain mre cnfidence and respect.
E. As a result, all the peple spare n mney t buy expensive fine clthes.
F. Clthes just make a man lk better but will in n sense make a better persn.
G. As far as these peple are cncerned, what ne wears is an imprtant expressin f psitins.
【答案】36. D 37. G 38. A 39. F 40. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文，文章主要讲的是衣着的重要性以及作者对衣着的看法。
【36题详解】
根据空前“We are familiar with an ld saying that“Clthes make the man”, which means gd-lking utfits may pssibly make a persn better respected and lk mre like a true gentleman.(我们都熟悉“人靠衣服马靠鞍”这句老话，意思是漂亮的衣服可能会让一个人更受尊敬，看起来更像一个真正的绅士。)”可知漂亮衣服会让一个人更受尊敬，根据空后“Naturally, he may be well treated even thugh he desn’t seem s respectable as thers imagine.(当然，他可能会受到很好的待遇，即使他看起来并不像别人想象的那么受人尊敬。)”可知此处依旧讲的是衣着得体的好处，空处承上启下，所以空处应进一步说明衣着得体的好处，D项“If well dressed, a man will prbably gain mre cnfidence and respect. (如果一个人穿着得体，他可能会获得更多的信心和尊严。)”进一步指出衣着得体会让一个人获得更多的信心和尊严，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境，故选D项。
【37题详解】
根据空前“In cntrast, if a man is prly r cmmnly dressed, he is highly likely t be lked dwn upn and unfairly treated, fr many peple judge thers nly by the way they dress.(相比之下，如果一个男人穿得很差或很普通，他很可能会被看不起和不公平对待，因为许多人只通过穿着来判断别人。)”指出衣着不得体的人可能会被那些只看中衣着的人所看不起，根据空后“Cnsequently, clthes d seem t help make a gd impressin n thers, and gain mre respect.(因此，衣服似乎确实有助于给别人留下好印象，并赢得更多的尊重。)”可知此处强调衣着得体确实会给别人留下好印象并且为自己赢得更多的尊重，Cnsequently表明一种结果，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲衣着不得体会被一些人看不起的原因，G项“As far as these peple are cncerned, what ne wears is an imprtant expressin f psitins.(在这些人看来，一个人的穿着是身份的重要体现。)”指出衣着不得体之所以会被一些人看不起是因为在这些人眼中衣着是身份的体现，承接上文，引出下文，而且G项中的these peple指代上文的many peple，符合上下文语境，故选G项。
【38题详解】
空处位于段首，应是本段的主旨句，根据空后“I think the gd impressin ne leaves n thers based n clthes desn’t last lng. Only gd inner quality and beauty will impress peple frever and never fade.(我认为一个人的衣着给别人留下的好印象不会持续太久。只有良好的内在品质和美丽才能永远打动人，永不褪色。)”可知此处讲的是作者对于衣着的不同看法，所以空处应该指出作者对于衣着有着不同的看法，A项“Hwever, I have a different view n this issue.( 然而，我对这个问题有不同的看法。)”表明作者对于衣着有着不同的看法，概括全段内容，而且过渡词Hwever表明下文的观点与上文是相反的，符合上下文语境，故选A项。
【39题详解】
根据空前“Only gd inner quality and beauty will impress peple frever and never fade.(只有良好的内在品质和美丽才能永远打动人，永不褪色。)”指出良好的内在品质才是最重要的，根据空后“Instead, when peple wh are fascinated by a persn’s clthes eventually find ut that he is an undesirable persn, they may treat him with cntempt (蔑视) .(相反，当被一个人的衣着所吸引的人最终发现他是一个不受欢迎的人时，他们可能会对他不屑一顾。)”指出当人们发现一个人仅仅是衣着吸引人时就会蔑视他，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲作者对于衣着的不同的观点，F项“Clthes just make a man lk better but will in n sense make a better persn.(衣服只能使人看起来更好，但绝不能使人成为更好的人。)”表明作者对于衣着的观点，即衣服只能使人看起来更好，但绝不能使人成为更好的人，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境，故选F项。
【40题详解】
根据空前“In summary, clthes d help in making a first impressin, but d nt make the man.(总之，衣服确实有助于给人留下第一印象，但并不能决定一个人。)”指出衣着虽然能给人留下第一印象，但是并不能决定一个人，根据空后“Therefre, nly ne’s inner beauty and knwledge are mre decisive f a persn’s value.(因此，只有一个人的内在美和知识更能决定一个人的价值。)”指出内在美和知识更能决定一个人的价值，由Therefre可知空处应该指出真正决定一个人的是什么，C项“Nthing can cunt mre than gd quality in building up the man.(在培养一个人的过程中，没有什么比好的品质更重要的了。)”明确指出真正决定一个人的是品质，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境，故选C项。
第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Explring the peaks f the wrld’s highest muntains has becme almst secnd nature fr Prna and Kavya. It has ____41____ Kavya t NASA where her research has included designing space suits, and Prna t the tp f Munt Everest when in 2014, she became the yungest ever wman t ____42____ the tp f the wrld’s highest muntain at 13.
Nw, these tw wmen have channeled their ____43____ spirit int climbing sme f the wrld’s mst difficult muntains as part f their campaign, Prject Shakthi, which ____44____ mney t fund girls’ educatin. At the end f August, they climbed a 6,012m muntain peak in Ladakh, India — ne previusly unmapped and ____45____ by human expeditins (探险队).
Never climbed befre, the muntain ____46____ difficult challenges fr even an experienced muntaineer like Prna, fr there were neither tracks t fllw nr ____47____ frm previus climbers t stick t. “We have t prepare urselves ____48____ t accept everything,” Prna said. “S it’s cmpletely different and it’s given me s much knwledge t ____49____ thers.”
Cmplex and changeable weather cnditins ften ____50____ the difficulties f climbing a muntain peak. The night when they were t set ut, it ____51____, which meant avalanche (雪崩) cnditins ff the muntain. They had t ____52____ cme back as a team, make a safety call and then prepare fr the next day. S it was very challenging.
And fr a relatively ____53____ climber like Kavya, thugh she had trained hard, the challenges were even greater.
“When we were in the ____54____ at night, we wuld talk abut: ‘What if, yu knw, we wn’t be able t make it t the peak?” Kavya says. “But then we wuld always like t ____55____ each ther that, yu knw, let’s just take it ne step at a time.”
41.
A. gatheredB. pleasedC. respndedD. taken
42.
A. cutB. hldC. reachD. draw
43.
A. explringB. mappingC. leadingD. writing
44.
A. designsB. lendsC. changesD. raises
45.
A. questinedB. untuchedC. desertedD. frgtten
46.
A. explainedB. discveredC. presentedD. predicted
47.
A. luggageB. assistanceC. mneyD. advice
48.
A. mentallyB. mrallyC. temprarilyD. passively
49.
A. guideB. persuadeC. understandD. rder
50.
A. brke upB. sped upC. added tD. devted t
51
A. rainedB. snwedC. endedD. began
52.
A. happilyB. shylyC. slwlyD. rapidly
53.
A. strangeB. greenC. skillfulD. learned
54.
A. hleB. labC. tentD. schl
55.
A. encurageB. praiseC. infrmD. reject
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. B 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. A 50. C 51. B 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Prna和Kavya这两位女性攀登世界最高峰和其他困难山峰的经历，以及她们如何通过Prject Shakthi项目筹集资金来支持女孩教育。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它将Kavya带到了美国国家航空航天局(NASA)，在那里她的研究包括设计太空服，并将Prna带到了2014年的珠穆朗玛峰之巅，13岁的她成为了登上世界最高峰的最年轻的女性。A. gathered聚集；B. pleased使开心；C. respnded回应；D. taken带走，引领。根据“Kavya t NASA where her research has included designing space suits, and Prna t the tp f Munt Everest when in 2014”可知，这让Kavya进入了美国国家航空航天局。故选D项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它将Manyapu带到了美国国家航空航天局(NASA)，在那里她的研究包括设计太空服，并将Malavath带到了2014年的珠穆朗玛峰之巅，13岁的她成为了登上世界最高峰的最年轻的女性。A. cut切；B. hld持有；C. reach达到；D. draw画。根据前文“she became the yungest ever wman”以及后文“the tp f the wrld’s highest muntain at 13”可知，应是“13岁的她成为了登上世界最高峰的最年轻的女性”之意符合语境。故选C项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，这两位女性将她们的探索精神投入到攀登一些世界上最困难的山峰上，这是她们的活动“Shakthi项目”的一部分，该活动旨在为女孩的教育筹集资金。A. explring探索；B. mapping绘制地图；C. leading带领；D. writing写。根据后文“spirit int climbing sme f the wrld’s mst difficult muntains”可知，攀登一些世界上最困难的山峰体现了她们的探索精神。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，这两位女性将她们的探索精神投入到攀登一些世界上最困难的山峰上，这是她们的活动“Shakthi项目”的一部分，该活动旨在为女孩的教育筹集资金。A. designs设计；B. lends借给；C. changes改变；D. raises筹集。根据后文“mney t fund girls’ educatin”可知，这个项目主要是为女孩的教育筹集资金。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：8月底，他们爬上了印度拉达克一座6012米高的山峰，这座山峰此前从未被绘制过地图，也没有人类探险队涉足过。A. questined质疑；B. untuched未触动过；C. deserted抛弃；D. frgtten忘记。根据上文“ne previusly unmapped”以及后文“Never climbed befre”可知，这个山峰此前从未被绘制过地图，说明没有人类探险队涉足过。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：以前从未攀登过这座山，即使是像 Prna这样经验丰富的登山者也面临着困难的挑战，因为既没有可以遵循的路线，也没有以前登山者的建议可以坚持。A. explained解释；B. discvered发现；C. presented带来，呈现；D. predicted预测。根据后文“difficult challenges fr even an experienced muntaineer like Malavath”可知，这座山峰没有人攀登过，因此带给登山者挑战，故选C。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：以前从未攀登过这座山，即使是像 Prna这样经验丰富的登山者也面临着困难的挑战，因为既没有可以遵循的路线，也没有以前登山者的建议可以坚持。A. luggage行李；B. assistance帮助；C. mney金钱；D. advice建议。根据上文“Never climbed befre”以及“there were neither trails t fllw”可知，这座山峰没有人攀登过，既没有可以遵循的路线，也没有以前登山者的建议可以坚持。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我们必须做好心理准备，接受一切，”Prna说。A. mentally心理地；B. mrally道德上地；C. temprarily暂时地；D. passively被动地。根据后文“t accept everything”指做好接受一切的心理准备。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“所以这是完全不同的，它给了我很多知识来指导别人。”A. guide指导；B. persuade说服；C. understand理解；D. rder命令。根据上文“S it’s cmpletely different and it’s given me s much knwledge t”可知，正因为这座山峰是陌生的，所以给了Malavath许多知识，让她可以去指导别人。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：复杂多变的天气条件常常增加攀登山峰的困难。A. brke up分手；B. sped up 加速；C. added t增加；D. devted t致力于。根据“Cmplex and changeable weather cnditins”以及常识，复杂多变的天气条件增加攀登山峰困难。故选C。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们出发的那天晚上下起了雪，这意味着山上有雪崩的危险。A. rained下雨；B. snwed下雪；C. ended结束；D. began开始。根据后文“which meant avalanche (雪崩) cnditins n the muntain”可知，有雪崩的危险说明开始下雪了。故选B。
【52题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们必须迅速组成一个团队回来，打一个安全电话，然后为第二天做准备。A. happily快乐地；B. shyly害羞地；C. slwly缓慢地；D. rapidly快速地。根据后文“cme back as a team, make a safety call and then prepare fr the next day”以及上文提到可能会雪崩，所以他们迅速回来了。故选D。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。 句意：对于Kavya这样的新手来说，尽管她接受过广泛的训练，但挑战更大。A. strange奇怪的；B. green不成熟的，新手的；C. skillful熟练的；D. learned学习。根据上文“S it was very challenging.(所以这非常具有挑战性)”以及Kavya之前没有攀登过这座山峰，所以属于新手，缺乏经验。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“当我们在帐篷里时候，我们会讨论：‘如果，你知道，我们无法到达顶峰，你知道，如果这样怎么办？如果那样呢？’”Kavya说。A. hle洞穴；B. lab实验室；C. tent帐篷；D. schl学校。根据上文“they climbed a 6,012m virgin peak in Ladakh, India”可知，他们当时在登山，所以是在帐篷里商量对策。故选C。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“但是我们总是想回去互相鼓励，互相激励，让我们一步一步来。”A. encurage鼓励；B. praise赞美；C. infrm通知；D. reject拒绝。根据“each ther that, yu knw, let’s just take it ne step at a time.”指他们互相鼓励，互相激励，故选A。
第二节 单词拼写(总分 10 分，共 10 小题，每题 1 分)
根据下列句子及汉语提示或词首字母，写出空缺处单词的正确形式。
56. With the VIP card, yu will get a ten percent ________ (折扣). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】discunt
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：有了VIP卡，你就可以得到百分之十优惠。“折扣”为名词discunt作宾语，由a可知，应用单数，故填discunt。
57. On arriving there, we ffered ur ________ (祝贺) t him n his success in this prject. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】cngratulatins
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：到达那里后，我们向他表示祝贺，祝贺他在这个项目中取得的成功。根据句意以及汉语提示可知，空处应填名词cngratulatin“祝贺”的适当形式作宾语，cngratulatins t smebdy n...“祝贺某人……”，通常用复数。故填cngratulatins。
58. I assume that these are interesting scientific ________ (现象). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】phenmena
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我认为这些都是有趣的科学现象。根据汉语提示可知应用名词phenmenn，根据上文are可知用名词复数phenmena作表语。故填phenmena。
59. The Lantern Festival falls n the 15th f the first mnth f the ________ (阴历的) calendar. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】lunar
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：元宵节是在农历的正月十五。根据单词汉语提示“阴历的”及空后的calendar可知，应填形容词形式lunar，作定语。故填lunar。
60. In the nursing prfessin, wmen are in the ________.(大多数)(根据汉语意思单词拼写)
【答案】majrity
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在护理行业中，女性占多数。in the majrity占多数。根据汉语提示及句意，故填majrity。
61. It is t________f Tm t let thers wait fr him.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】typical##ypical
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：汤姆一贯不愿让别人等他。根据句子结构及首字母可知，此处应填形容词作表语。根据句意可知，应填“典型的，一贯的”，故填typical。
62. The prducts are f high quality. In additin, delivery is free f c________. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】charge##harge
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这些产品质量好，且运送免费。根据首字母提示和句意可知，此处应为短语“免费”，表达为free f charge，名词作宾语，故填charge。
63. I hld the firm b________that yu will benefit a lt frm the activity. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】belief##elief
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我坚信你将从活动中受益匪浅。根据句意及首字母提示可知，形容词后使用名词belief作宾语，hld the firm belief that表示“坚信……”，故填belief。
64. In a wrd, t read the ________ wrk is better than t see the film based n in. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】riginal
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：总而言之，阅读原作比看改编的电影要好得多。根据首字母提示及设空后的名词，可知设空处填形容词“原作的”，形容词riginal，表示“原作的”，故填riginal。
65. He has a number f interests, r______ frm playing chess t swimming.
【答案】ranging##anging
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他有许多爱好，从下棋到游泳。根据句首字母以及句意表示“从……到……范围”短语为range frm，且分析句子结构可知range在句中应用非谓语动词形式做状语，与逻辑主语interests构成主动关系，故用现在分词。故填ranging。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 5 分)
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
66. Yu shuld set aside sme time t reflect ________yur successes and failures.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】n##upn
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：你应该留出一些时间来反思你的成功和失败。分析句意可知，此句包含动词短语reflect n/upn...，表示“反省,考虑”。故填n或者upn。
67. She held her sn tightly int her arms, with tears ________ (stream) dwn her cheeks.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】streaming
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她紧紧地把儿子抱在怀里，眼泪顺着脸颊流下来。分析句子可知，此处考查“with+宾语+宾语补足语”，stream用非谓语动词作宾语补足语，stream与逻辑主语tears是主动关系，用现在分词作宾语补足语，故填streaming。
68. The bss f the cmpany is trying t create an easy atmsphere ________ his emplyees enjy their wrk. (适当形式填空)
【答案】where
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：该公司的老板试图创造轻松的氛围，这样他的员工就可以从中享受到工作的乐趣。此处为定语从句修饰先行词an easy atmsphere，且先行词在从句中作地点状语，故要用where。故填where。
69. Large amunts f mney ________ (spend) in rebuilding the ld temple in the last tw years. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】have been spent
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的两年中，为了重建这座古庙花费了大量的资金。spend作本句谓语，根据时间状语in the last tw years可知，用现在完成时，主语是mney，两者是被动关系，用被动语态，所以用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been spent。
70. ________ (absrb) in his wrld f music, he felt as if he culd see the beauty f the wrld arund him. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Absrbed
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：沉浸在音乐的世界里，他觉得自己仿佛能看到周围世界的美丽。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作状语，absrb与逻辑主语he之间为被动关系，所以此处应使用过去分词absrbed，因位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Absrbed。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节(满分 15 分)
71. 假设你是红星中学高三（1）班李华，你校将在下周五举办“校园文化节（Campus Culture Festival）”系列活动。请给你班留学生Jim写封邮件，邀请他参加，邮件的内容包括：
1.介绍你选择活动内容； 2.说明参加该活动的理由； 3.询问是否愿意参加该活动；
注意：1.词数不少于50；2.邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I’m writing t invite yu t the annual Campus Culture Festival t be held next Friday.
This year the festival will prvide varius activities. As a lver f traditinal culture, I’d like t chse kite flying. There will be pictures, pems and prverbs abut kites when the time cmes. We will als have the chance t learn hw t make kites frm flk artists. Besides, a cmpetitin fr kite flying will be held. I’m sure we’ll develp ur awareness f traditinal culture and practical ability during this activity.
If yu are interested in it, please let me knw. Hpe t meet at the Campus Culture Festival.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知, 本篇为一封电子邮件；假设你是红星中学高三（1）班李华，你校将在下周五举办“校园文化节（Campus Culture Festival）”系列活动。请给你班留学生Jim写封邮件，邀请他参加，邮件的内容包括：1.介绍你选择的活动内容； 2.说明参加该活动的理由； 3.询问是否愿意参加该活动。
第2步：根据写作要求, 确定关键词（组）, 如：Campus Culture Festival（校园艺术节）；varius（各种各样的）；traditinal culture（传统文化）；flk artists（民间艺术家）；practical ability（实践能力）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句, 注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般将来时。
第4步：连句成文, 注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡, 书写一定要规范清晰, 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整, 语言规范, 语篇连贯, 词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式, 如There will be pictures, pems and prverbs abut kites when the time cmes.运用了there be句型；If yu are interested in it, please let me knw.运用了条件状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式, 显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外, 文章思路清晰、层次分明, 上下句转换自然, 为文章增色添彩。
第二节(满分 25 分)
72. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的故事。
Gifts fr Jace
I’ll never frget the day that ne f my students shyly raised his hand and said that he had never received a gift. My shcked fifth-graders were discussing a reading stry abut a by wh was nt ging t be getting anything fr his birthday because mney was tight that year. Even thugh this class was very pen during reading discussins, Jace’s hnesty surprised even me. What was even mre eye-pening was the fact that this sweet, fifth-grade by had gne ten years and never experienced the jy and surprise f receiving a present.
I searched my mind fr a reasn that he might be saying this. Did he want attentin frm his peers? N, that was definitely nt his style. Was he exaggerating? Again, he was nt the type. Then I remembered his stry. His mther was ut f the picture and he lived alne with his dad. His father had a hard time hlding dwn a jb, and cming t think f it, I didn’t see his father at registratin r parent-teacher cnferences. Even thugh n the utside Jace was a bit untidy, he always came t schl with a smile and sincere enthusiasm fr learning.
A cuple f weeks after Jace’s cmment, he was absent frm schl due t the fact that he had mved away. This happened t be the day I was sending hme the annual nte abut the classrm Christmas gifts exchange. Traditinally, each by was t bring a gift fr a by in the three-dllar range and the same was true fr each girl.
As we were discussing the specifics, a girl raised her hand and sincerely suggested that we d away with ur traditinal plicy, and each buy a gift fr Jace instead. The enthusiasm grew as the students discussed the kinds f things they knew Jace wuld like. We tk a quick vte and cnsistently agreed t g ahead with this wnderful idea.
注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1: Days befre ur Christmas vacatin, the gifts began t pur in.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: As I drve dwn his rad, I saw a light flashing, signaling which hme was his.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Paragraph 1:
Days befre ur Christmas vacatin, the gifts began t pur in. Students with bright eyes wuld eagerly tell me hw they fund the “perfect gift”. One student bught a cmplete art set, knwing Jace lved t draw. Anther fund ty aliens, remembering a paper Jace had written abut aliens. I was amazed by their thughtfulness and knew I culdn’t let them r Jace dwn. I fund my infrmatin sheet and called the number listed. There was n respnse despite my cntinuus effrts. On Christmas Eve, I decided t try ne last time. Amazingly, Jace answered the phne! The next thing was t drive t his hme.
Paragraph 2:
As I drve dwn his rad, I saw a light flashing, signaling which hme was his. It tk several trips back and frth t my car t get the gifts inside. Eyes fixed n the piles f carefully wrapped gifts, jy mingled with gratitude was written n his face. Unfrgettable was Jace’s jyful smile that lit up the sky like a string f twinkle lights. Thinking abut my thughtful students and hw excited I was t tell them abut finding Jace, I had a smile f my wn, and was thankful t be a part f ne f the mst imprtant “lessns” f their lives.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是读后续写。本文以时间为线索展开，讲述了作者班里的一个学生从未收到过礼物，而作者和班里其他学生趁着圣诞节交换礼物的契机每人给这位同学送了一个礼物。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“圣诞假期前几天，礼物开始纷至沓来。”可知，第一段可描写作者从学生那里收到的各种各样的礼物，以及送这些礼物的原因。
②由第二段首句内容“当我沿着他的路行驶时，我看到一盏灯闪烁，表明哪个家是他的。”可知，第二段可描写作者去学生家送礼物，看到学生高兴的样子。
2.续写线索：收礼物——听故事——送礼物——高兴感动
3.词汇激活
行为类
①回忆：remember/ recall/ recllect
②知道、意识到：knw/ recgnize/ be cnscius f/ be aware f
③尝试：try/ attempt/ have a try
情绪类
①开心的笑：jyful smile/ happy smile/ elated smile/ merry smile
②让某人失望：let sb. dwn/ disappint sb./ frustrate sb.
【点睛】【点睛】
【高分句型1】Anther fund ty aliens, remembering a paper Jace had written abut aliens.（运用了现在分词remembering作原因状语和省略关系代词的限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Unfrgettable was Jace’s jyful smile that lit up the sky like a string f twinkle lights. （运用了“表语+系动词+主语”结构的完全倒装句和that引导的限制性定语从句）
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