模拟卷07-【赢在高考·黄金8卷】备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（北京专用）

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2、锻炼同学的考试心理，训练学生快速进入考试状态。高考的最佳心理状态是紧张中有乐观，压力下有自信，平静中有兴奋。
3、训练同学掌握一定的应试技巧，积累考试经验。模拟考试可以训练答题时间和速度。高考不仅是知识和水平的竞争，也是时间和速度的竞争，可以说每分每秒都是成绩。
4、帮助同学正确评估自己。高考是一种选拨性考试，目的是排序和择优，起决定作用的是自己在整体中的相对位置。因此，模拟考试以后，同学们要想法了解自己的成绩在整体中的位置。
【赢在高考·黄金8卷】备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（北京专用）
黄金卷07

（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分）
第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
As a bilgist and phtgrapher, I always take my camera everywhere t take pictures f wild animals. One day, I was standing n a bat when a very large female lepard seal(海豹) swam by. I put n my diving equipment and grabbed my 1 . I was frightened because she was s big. My muth was dry, and I culdn’t even 2 . But I knew it was time t 3 this mysterius creature.
I jumped int the freezing water. Immediately, the seal swam twards me. Then she put my entire camera and much f my head int her muth. Thinking this must be a sign f 4 , I decided t stay very calm. Althugh the seal was shwing me her teeth, I tried nt t 5 any fear. She did it a few mre times, and then swam away. T my 6 , she came back with a live penguin. And she even shwed me hw t eat it. Then she pushed the penguin int my camera—she thught the camera was my muth!
Being a bilgist, I understd that she was trying t 7 me. But I thught that she was really trying t cmmunicate with me. At this pint, she didn’t seem very 8 . She stayed by me and tk care f me fr fur days.
I gt many amazing pictures during thse fur days. And, mre imprtantly, I’ve learned that animals d nt always behave the way we 9 . I believe the 10 experience I had with this pwerful and intelligent animal will stay with me frever.
1．A．knifeB．bagC．cameraD．gun
2．A．escapeB．makeC．mveD．fight
3．A．apprachB．adptC．imagineD．rescue
4．A．respectB．sympathyC．rewardD．threat
5．A．cnfirmB．expseC．vercmeD．reduce
6．A．satisfactinB．regretC．surpriseD．srrw
7．A．feedB．cmfrtC．attackD．assess
8．A．reliableB．dangerusC．sensitiveD．ambitius
9．A．admireB．prmiseC．demandD．expect
10．A．cnfusingB．similarC．incredibleD．bitter
第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
A
阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Gratitude is mre than just saying “thank yu”. Gratitude is a deeper appreciatin fr smene r smething. Expressing gratitude makes us feel a psitive emtin. Over the past thirty years, there 11 (be) many studies shwing that writing a gratitude letter t anther persn ffers us an pprtunity 12 (escape) frm negative emtins. Even if we dn’t share ur writing with anyne, the act f cmpleting the exercise alne makes us happier and 13 (satisfied) with life. The mre we express gratitude, the mre psitive we feel.
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Accrding t China Daily, the summer f 2022 became the httest since China’s meterlgical (气象学的) recrds 14 (begin). The weather frecast reprted that the high temperature in sme areas culd reach 40℃, 15 (pssible) breaking recrds. 16 (affect) by the high temperatures, sme areas experienced drught and a decrease in agricultural prductin. Peple and gvernments shuld be prepared t d mre t tackle climate change.
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Usually, stress is seen as being bad, but this is nt always true. Eustress(积极压力)is the psitive term fr stress. It 17 (relate) t well-being and psitive attitudes. Eustress ccurs when the gap between what ne has and what ne wants is 18 (slight) pushed. Eustress creates a better envirnment fr peple, which 19 (make) them perfrm better and cst less. Therefre, Eustress is necessary 20 achievement.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 38分）
第一节（共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
One f the best ways t imprve ur cmmunities is thrugh vlunteer wrk. Accrding t a reprt frm United Natins Vlunteers, it is estimated that 140 millin peple vlunteer in every natin and in a variety f settings. Frbes reprts that research has shwn that vlunteering can greatly benefit vlunteers. These benefits include an increased sense f prductivity, the develpment f new skills, resume-building experience, imprved physical health, and the emtinal rewards that cme with thers appreciating yu and yur effrts. Here are sme types fr yu t jin in lcal cmmunities.
Sprts vlunteering
Yu dn’t need t be gd at the sprt in which yu wish t vlunteer. Sme f the mst imprtant characteristics include enthusiasm and interest. Yur sprts rganisatin shuld put yu thrugh any qualificatins that yu need t carry ut yur rle. Mst peple vlunteer n average tw r three hurs a week, but there are als pprtunities t vlunteer mre r less ften.
Supprt the Red Crss
Red Crss is an rganizatin that helps with disaster relief, bld dnatins, and mre. Being a Red Crss vlunteer prvides experience in the medical field and allws yu t help thse in need. The Red Crss respnds t disasters natinwide and helps cmmunities recver. It may be difficult t see damaged cmmunities, but yu culd have a part in assisting them t recver. In additin, yu may meet new friends alng the way.
Organize a Summer Reading Prgram
Summer reading prgrams are ne way t keep children’s reading skills active and their mind fresh during the whle summer vacatin. Organizing a summer reading prgram is an excellent way t get kids t read a bk, braden their vcabulary, and learn smething new. Yu can share yur favrite bks, ffer prizes t children wh meet their gals, and turn the prgram int a friendly cmpetitin, all while teaching children the imprtance f reading.
21．What requirements d yu need t meet if yu want t vlunteer fr sprts?
A．Be fnd f sprts.B．Fllw the fixed schedule.
C．Have past the qualificatin tests.D．Be gd at varius kinds f sprts.
22．The summer reading prgram can help kids t .
A．share their favrite bks
B．rganize bk reading cmpetitins
C．review what they have learned in schl
D．enrich their reading experience in summer
23．What is the main purpse f the passage?
A．T help manage the lcal cmmunity.
B．T intrduce the cmmunities in need.
C．T intrduce different vlunteer prgrams.
D．T shw the benefits f ding vlunteer wrk.
B
Influenced by her family, Xu started t learn the craft f making Chinese knts at hme, but didn’t expect the pastime t change her life at first. Xu became a city-level inheritr f this prvincial-level intangible cultural heritage in 2009, and has been devted t develping the craft since then.
As a fan f phtgraphy, she ften tk phts f dragnflies, butterflies and flwers arund a lake nt far frm her hme, then she made knts resembling them, and psted the phts n a website. That attracted the attentin f sme peple.
As an advertising design majr, she makes innvated knts based n her knwledge f design, and can use varius threads t make small, exquisite designs. She has created many series f wrks based n traditinal Chinese culture, such as festivals, tea and Peking Opera characters.
“Shwing Chinese culture thrugh traditinal Chinese crafts—that is the riginal aspiratin fr me as an inheritr f the intangible cultural heritage,” says Xu. She has made mre than 3,000 designs, and even pened tw ffline branch stres. Her prducts include decratins f different sizes that can be put n walls, car rnaments, cellphne chains and jewelry. “I believe ur intangible cultural heritage can be better develped and passed dwn when it meets peple’s needs in daily life,” says Xu.
Chen, an nline fllwer, has been teaching hw t make knts in the United Arab Emirates. “Influenced by Xu’s wrk, I learn the craft t cultivate my temperament, and I als teach children t better understand Chinese culture,” says Chen. “Chinese culture is ppular in the UAE, and I ften make sme knts with Chinese elements fr lcal peple as gifts.”
Xu has als been generus in helping thers. She taught this art t wrkers wh lst their jbs in her hmetwn, allwing them t master a skill frm which they culd earn an incme. Students and peple with disabilities were als beneficiaries. Indeed, mre than 20 peple with disabilities nw actually wrk fr her.
Despite the success f her career, Xu says wrking n the craft has benefited her mre in a spiritual way. “Tying knts requires cncentratin, and yu must nt be distracted during the prcess. It has trained me t deal with matters in a calm, peaceful and ratinal way,” says Xu. “I believe the life f ne persn is shrt, and yu have the right t decide hw t spend it.”
24．With the knwledge f design, Xu can ________.
A．pst plenty f attractive phts n the website
B．draw the Peking Opera characters mre vividly
C．make many creative knts related t Chinese culture
D．take many prfessinal phts f animals and flwers
25．What can we learn abut Xu?
A．She plans t pen mre ffline branch stres abrad.
B．She designs prducts with a fcus n peple’s everyday needs.
C．She is well-knwn fr teaching hw t make knts in the UAE.
D．She wants t help disabled students imprve their cncentratin.
26．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Xu?
A．Hnest and easy-ging.B．Mdest and strng-willed.
C．Humrus and hard-wrking.D．Innvative and kind-hearted.
27．Which wuld be the best title fr this passage?
A．Traditinal Chinese Crafts G Glbal
B．Chinese Knt-making, a Skill Nt t be Ignred
C．Traditinal Chinese Culture Becmes Fashinable
D．Chinese Knt-making, a Chance fr the Unemplyed
C
There are hundreds f bacterial(细菌的)species in ur stmach. Bacterial diversity is a gd thing, a general cntributr t and marker f gd health. But what des a healthy stmach lk like? Studies indicate that the cmpsitin varies by many factrs.
One f the mst imprtant, it turns ut, is wh yu currently live with. Researchers have cme t the cnclusin: Diet and heritability(遗传力) are knwn t affect the micrbime(微生物组), but scial relatinships shape it mst—especially when it cmes t marriage. The Dutch Prject, which studied micrbes in 8, 208 individuals belnging t three generatins, finds that the heritability f micrbes is nly 1. 9 percent. They nticed much greater similarity amng the unrelated individuals sharing a husehld than amng relatives wh d nt share husehlds, including twins whse living situatins differ in adulthd.
The researchers fund that nearly 50 percent f micrbial types were significantly affected by chabitatin. In general, the micrbimes f all types f chabitrs (including parents and children) were mre similar than thse f participants living separately n matter their relatedness. Married cuples wh reprt having a clse, lving relatinship have the mst similarity. Evidence f micrbial sharing, especially f rare species, shws exchanges thrugh interactins. And that puts highlight n acts f clse relatinship—including kissing. Scientists have knwn fr decades that scial relatinships, especially marriage, pwerfully affect health. Nt nly are the micrbimes f chabiting cuples mre similar t each ther; they als are mre similarly diverse. There is a greater richness f species than in unmarried, nnchabiting individuals.
Despite the dminating influence f a clse, chabiting relatinship, the micrbime can be different in diet, especially ne rich in plant fiber. It can als be influenced by behavir, such as farming and gardening and exercise. Mrever, it’s adaptable t envirnment—green space and pllutants arund yu. Living in a rural envirnment brings increases in bacteria linked t health, and decreases in bacteria that are harmful. Living with pets als has a psitive effect n the micrbime, while expsure t air pllutin, especially car exhaust, and passive expsure t cigarette smke have negative effects.
It can als be affected by direct additin f specific species f bacteria, delivered in cnsumable prbitics(口服益生菌). There are prbitics nw marketed fr digestive health, thers aimed at immune health, and still thers fr bsting md. Nw that it’s clear that scial relatins play the largest rle in the makeup f the micrbime, can prbitics fr singles be far behind?
28．Which grup has the mst similar micrbimes?
A．Husband and wife.B．Adult twins.
C．Grandfather and grandsn.D．Clleagues.
29．What can we learn frm this passage?
A．Diet has a dminating influence n micrbimes.
B．Chabitatin is helpful fr us t have a balanced diet.
C．Scial relatins play a similar rle as sme prbitics.
D．The micrbimes in cuples are less diverse than singles.
30．Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A．Wh Are the Healthiest Peple?B．Hw Des Scial Life Affect Our Health?
C．What Will a Healthy Stmach Lk Like?D．Hw D Micrbimes Wrk in Our Bdy?
D
Hardly a day ges by withut a cmpany telling us in its beautifully crafted advertising hw much it cntributes t the envirnment n ur behalf. Flwers grw ut f pwer-statin chimneys; SUVs are presented in natural habitats; il cmpanies use sunny, friendly lgs and prmise cleaner technlgies- althugh, in fact, they fail t make enugh investment in renewable r alternative energy surces. Statistics are made up, and the tiniest eclgical imprvements are verstated in multi-millin-dllar advertising campaigns, while in the meantime the greedy side f the business cntinues.
This is knwn as greenwashing, which means “making things that are nt green lk green”. The phenmenn has lng existed since the first Earth Day in 1970, when cmpanies spent $300 millin advertising themselves as green cmpanies—many times mre than the mney they actually spent n research int pllutin reductin itself. And the trend cntinued ver the fllwing decades when sme f the planet’s wrst plluters tried t pass themselves ff as ec-friendly. As the public’s envirnmental awareness grew, s t did the experience f crprate public relatins strategies, and advertisers fund ever- mre-creative ways t use a green curtain t hide dark mtives.
Of curse, sme businesses are genuinely cmmitted t making the wrld a better, greener place. But when a cmpany spends mre time and mney claiming t be “green” than actually adpting business practices that minimize envirnmental impact, it is clear that, fr them, envirnmentalism is little mre than a cnvenient slgan(口号). Their message is “buy ur prducts and yu will end glbal warming, imprve air quality and save the ceans”. At best, such greenwashing pushes the fact t its limits; at wrst, it helps cnceal deceptin.
And what abut tday s cnsumers? Few f them are truly well-equipped t make infrmed decisins abut what is true. Greenwashing is nly pssible because cnsumers ften believe what they are being tld-why else wuld cmpanies d it? Mre infrmatin and greater awareness are essential. Analysing the tricks used by advertisers shuld be part f every schl curriculum. Nn- gvernmental rganisatins can spread the wrd. Cnsumer grups can punish the greenwashing cmpanies. But it is nt enugh. Legally enfrceable systems must be put in place.
S what is already being dne abut planned attempts t pull the wl ver cnsumers’ eyes? In the United States, the Federal Trade Cmmissin is taking actin against misleading advertising claims. France has published Green Claims Guidance, stressing that “an advertisement must avid cnveying a message cntrary t the accepted principles f sustainable develpment”. All f these surely are the heart f the matter: the true impact f advertising is the prmtin f unsustainable lifestyles. And therein lies the real danger t ur planet, a danger which cannt be ignred any lnger.
31．What can we learn abut greenwashing?
A．It is an eclgical cncept.
B．It is a marketing technique.
C．It is an awareness campaign.
D．It is an advertising innvatin.
32．What des the underlined phrase “cnceal deceptin” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Hide the truth.B．Raise the risk.
C．Expse the weakness.D．Break the limit.
33．What can be inferred abut mst cnsumers?
A．They are lacking in legal knwledge.
B．They have encuraged greenwashing.
C．They may questin cnsumer grups.
D．They tend t make sensible decisins.
34．What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A．Actins t fight false advertising.
B．Ways t prtect custmers’ interest.
C．Attempts t slve envirnmental prblems.
D．Prpsals t ensure sustainable develpment.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
An aplgy can achieve great things fr bth the givers and the receivers althugh nbdy likes t admit that they were wrng.
An aplgy is crucial t ur physical health. When we acknwledge that we are wrngders and express ur guilt t thers, we will free urselves frm the uncmfrtable state. This act feels like a weight n us has been lifted. 35 Research shwed that heart rate, sweat levels and facial tensin decreased in victims f wrngs even when they simply imagined receiving an aplgy.
Aplgizing affects us nt just physically, but als mentally. 36 When presented with an aplgy, the victims may view us as imperfect human beings and find it easier t give frgiveness. In a pwerful piece in Psychlgy Tday, writer Beverly Engel described hw a simple “I’m srry” frm her mther, after being estranged frm each ther fr three years, made her relieved emtinally. But let’s be real, aplgizing can be difficult.
37 We shuld recgnize ur actin did hurt smene even if ur intentin may nt have been s. Instead f making excuses fr what we did, try t bear respnsibility and ffer a prmise t take actin s that we will nt repeat the behavir in future. 38
Of curse, the mst effective aplgies ften bring a cst t ur dignity, since we have t admit that we are wrng in frnt f thers r many peple. 39 As is knwn, it is ne f the mst psitive actins we can take when we d smething wrng—fr urselves, the thers, and the relatinship. S, g ahead, aplgize a little mre ften fr the things wrth aplgizing fr.
A．There are agreed-upn ways t express ur aplgy t thers.
B．It’s a way f shwing the price we paid fr the wrnged actin.
C．A gd aplgy affects the health f thse n the receiving end, t.
D．But this can ften be minr cmpared t the benefits f a prper aplgy.
E．This means we shuld take the blame and nt try t justify it r explain it away.
F．Aplgize fr what yu did rather than what ther peple might have thught abut it.
G．It has the ability t disarm thers f their anger and t prevent further misunderstandings.
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Befre ending upn a supermarket shelf, an avcad(牛油果) has prduced 1.3 kilgrams f carbn int the atmsphere. Its prductin alne cnsumes 60 gallns f water. Despite this, the fruit will ften be thrwn away as husehld waste.
Husehld fd waste is the result f mismanagement. Much f the waste is avidable and the fd may have been eaten had it been better managed. T reduce husehld fd waste, a grwing number f fd retailers decide t remve date labelling(标签), such as the “use-by” r “best-befre” date, frm sme fresh fd items.
Past studies have cnfirmed the imprtance f date labelling. Almst 60% f western Eurpean cnsumers surveyed said they “always” check date labels while purchasing. But date labelling has lng cme under criticism because failure t truly understand date labelling ften leads t unreasnable decisin making. Indeed, cnsumers cmmnly dn’t accept edible(可食用的), but date-expired(过期的) fd.
The remval f date labelling is therefre a prmising start. Withut date labels, infrmatin that may affect cnsumers’ understanding f what is edible, is remved. Instead, cnsumers are encuraged t sense-check fresh fd items.
In the case f an avcad, the advice given t cnsumers is that when ripe, it shuld have a “pleasant and slightly sweet arma(气味)”, while the skin shuld be “dark green r brwn”. Infrmatin is als prvided n hw an avcad shuld lk, taste, and feel when “verripe”. It is hped that a better infrmed cnsumer will be less likely t blindly thrw away fd due t an expiratin date.
40．What d fd retailers decide t d t reduce husehld fd waste?

41．Why has date labelling lng been criticized?

42．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
If cnsumers can be better infrmed, they will nt accept edible, but date-expired fd.

43．Once date labels are remved frm sme fresh fd items, what prblem(s) might be caused? (In abut 40 wrds)

第二节(20分)
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校正在为高三毕业典礼征集活动方案。你有意参加，并对活动设计形成了一些想法。请你给英国好友Jim写一封邮件询问他的建议。内容包括：
1.介绍设计想法；
2.说明设计理由。
注意：1.词数100左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua