江苏省南京市大厂高级中学2021-2022学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷++

这是一份江苏省南京市大厂高级中学2021-2022学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷++，共9页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第二部分 阅读理解（共两节 满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Incredible Wmen Yu Didn't Learn Abut in Histry Class
Here are the stries f wmen yu may nt knw abut, but definitely shuld.
◆Maria Sibylla Merian
Bm in Germany in 1647, Merian was fascinated by insects, and she began cllecting, studying, and drawing them when she was as yung as 13. She was ne f the few naturalists f her time t actually study live insects. It was thrugh her study f caterpillars（毛毛虫） that she discvered the truth abut their life cycles. Her wrk prvided majr cntributins t the field f entmlgy（昆虫学）.
◆Murasaki Shikibu
Murasaki Shikibu, a Japanese wman, was widely cnsidered t be the wrld's first nvelist. She was a nble wman living in Japan arund the year 100 AD. She wrte a tw-part nvel called The Tale f Genji, which tells a riches-t-rags stry abut the sn f a Japanese emperr frced t live as a cmmn man. The Tale f Genji is widely cnsidered t be a masterpiece f Japanese literature.
◆Ada Lvelace
Ada was wrking t design early cmputing machines that she hped wuld be able t quickly slve math prblems. In additin t designing this early cmputer prgram, she als was first t suggest that these cmputers might be able t d mre than, well, calculate. She imagined them ding everything, frm prducing images t cmpsing music.
◆Lucy Stne
Brn in 1818, Stne married a fellw activist and changed her name, but decided t change it back a year later. She held the belief that "a wife shuld n mre take her husband's name than hers." She became the first American married wman t keep her maiden name fr her entire life. Stne was als ne f the funding members f the American Equal Rights Assciatin and fught fr the ending f slavery.
21. What can readers learn abut frm The Tale f Genji?
A. Ancient Japanese culture. B. Develpment f cmputer.
C. Research n living things. D. Mdern life f Japanese wmen.
22. What d Maria Sibylla Merian and Ada Lvelace have in cmmn?
A. They were pineers in cmputer. B. They devted themselves t science.
C. They created masterpieces f literature. D. They made prgress in studying insects.
23. Which f the fllwing wmen fught fr human rights?
A. Lucy Stne B. Ada Lvelace
C. Murasaki Shikibu D. Maria Sibylla Merlan
B
When Peter Zhu was a kid, he culd hardly hld pencil prperly. He'd either wrap all his fingers arund it r hld it uncmfrtably between his middle and furth finger. Thrugh practice he managed t get it right when he was abut eight. Nw at 23, nt nly can he use a pencil cmpetently, he's using it t change the wrld, ne strke at a time.
Peter --- wh ges by the name Peter Draw felt the desire t draw with a purpse after meeting Daniel, a teenager with cerebral palsy（脑瘫）, in Nvember 2006. When Daniel fist jined Peter's drawing class at the Spastic Children's Assciatin f Singapre, Peter dubted if Daniel culd even cmplete a drawing. But strke by strke the then 17-year-ld did.
"His passin fr drawing really tuched me. I felt I shuld d mre with my drawing and help children at the same time." says Peter, wh has since taken n sme mega prjects t raise awareness fr his cause.
Last Octber, he earned a place in the Guinness Bk f Recrds fr drawing the wrld's largest caricature（人物漫画）. His 360-square-metr e drawing f Hng Kng actin star Jackie Chan is twice the size f the previus recrd. Peter cmpleted it in just three-and-a-half hurs while the previus recrd-hlder tk three days.
And in December, he tk n the challenge f drawing caricatures fr 24 hurs nn-stp in rder t raise mney fr Habitat fr Humanity, a nnprfit rganizatin that builds hmes fr the less frtunate. Peter cmpleted 952 sketches （素描） during the time. The event raised $6,000 thrugh dnatins and his accmplishment earned him a mentin in the Singapre Bk f Recrds.
24. When Peter was a kid,______.
A. he had difficulty using his pencil B. he was unable t write a wrd
C. his fingers were flexible D. he culdn't practice writing
25. After Peter met Daniel, he intended t ______.
A. win a place in the Guinness Bk f Recrds
B. help children thrugh his drawing
C. becme an actin actr like Jackie Chan
D. learn drawing like Daniel
26. The underlined wrd "mega" in Paragraph 3 may mean ______.
A. prfitable B. impressive C. interesting D. scary
27. What d we knw abut Peter?
A. He dnated $6,000 t build huses fr the pr.
B. He drew the wrld's largest caricature in three days.
C. He raised a lt f mney fr Daniel t treat his disease.
D. He drew 952 sketches in 24 hurs t raise a lt f mney.
C
A new study has fund that braving the cld maybe a gd way t help burn ff sme fat.
The research was carried ut by scientists at Canada's Laurentian University and fcused n high-intensity interval training(HIIT)（高强度间隔训练）. This frmat has grwn in ppularity recently due t the fat-burning benefits it brings, and the team set ut t explre hw temperature might influence its effects.
The study invlved 11 verweight adults wh tk part in tw HIIT sessins a week apart One f these was carried ut in a c"thermneutral" envirnment with temperatures f arund 70°F(21℃), and the ther at a cld 32°(0℃). The sessins cnsisted f 10 separate cycling race at 90 percent effrt lasting ne minute, fllwed by 90-secnd“recvery”perids f cycling at 30 percent intensity.
After each sessin, the participants cled dwn by gently cycling r walking, ate a nutritin bar befre ging t sleep and enjyed a high-fat breakfast the mrning after. During these sessins, the scientists mnitred skin temperature, cre bdy temperature, heart rate and the amunt f xygen. Bld samples were als drawn t help calculate fat burning rates fllwing the breakfast the next day.
"The present study fund that high-intensity exercise in the cld increased lipid xidatin（脂质氧化）by 358 percent in cmparisn t high-intensity exercise in a thermneutral envirnment," the team writes.
The authrs als nte that the idea that cld temperatures help us burn mre fat during exercise will need further investigatin （调查）, thugh the first-f-a-kind study des indicate it's a pssibility wrth pursuing.
28. What is gd fr burning ff fat accrding t the study?
A. Cld fd. B. Lw temperature. C. Hard wrkut. D. Cycling race.
29. What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A. Intrductin t the study. B. Sme data in the study.
C. The participants in the study. D. The prcess f the study.
30. What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A. Further study needs t be dne. B. Ding exercise burns mre fat.
C. The effrts f scientists are in vain. D. The study result is unreasnable.
31. What f the fllwing culd be the best title fr the text?
A. High-intensity Wrkuts Help Burn ff Extra Calries
B. Cycling in the Cld Is a Great Way t Build up Yur Bdy
C. Study Shws Fat-burning Ptential f Exercising in the Cld
D. Researchers Have Fund Mre Fat-burning Wrkuts
D
Mst Chinese knw the stry f the mythlgical Chang'e, the Chinese gddess f the mn. It's a stry abut a wman wh takes an immrtality pill and flies t the mn. It is tld every year during China's Mid-Autumn Festival, s peple can't hear the wrd "Chang'e" withut thinking f rmantic images f a mn gddess.
Fr this reasn, China's missin t the mn was calling ut fr a strng female figure. Therefre, picture s f a 24-year-ld female space cmmander（指挥官） have gne viral n Chinese scial media fr her wrk n the Chang'e-5 Mn explratin prgramme with cmments abut hw she is a "frntline sldier in the field f aerspace" that yung Chinese can lk up t.
Ms Zhu,a24-year-ld lady f Tujia ethnic grup, is China's yungest ever space cmmander. She was invlved in the successful launch f the Chang'e-5 lunar prbe n 24 Nvember, in charge f the rcket cnnectr system, described as a key rle.
In Wenchang space launch site, thugh she is nly 1.58 meters and lks "mini", she is called "big sister" fr her pwerful "cre and energy". Since senir high, she has dreamed f being a member f a space research team. With her great effrts, she was admitted t an aircraft system and engineering majr f a dmestic university in 2014. making her aerspace dream cme true. T grw int a cmmander, in tw and a half years, she changed five psitins t be familiar with multiple psts and types f wrk, each f which takes great curage and is full f challenges. In a wrking space with n air cnditining and narrw space t accmmdate nly three peple, she wrked fr 60 days until the cmpletin f "the Lng March 5 rcket ges arund" battle.
Her stry has received attentin frm Chinese state-run media as well as verseas media utlets. Hwever, it has nt appeared t have had much f an effect n her. Accrding t the media, she declined repeated requests fr interviews because she des nt wish t let fame get in the way f her wrk.
32. Why des the writer mentin the myth f Chang'e at the beginning f the passage?
A. T intrduce the tpic. B. T give an example.
C. T tell a rmantic stry. D. T spread Chinese culture.
33. What makes peple think f Ms Zhu as a pineer fr the yuth in aerspace?
A. Her yuth and beauty.
B. Her identity f Tujia Ethnic grup.
C. Her perfrmance in the mn-landing prgram.
D. Her pictures n the media.
34. Why did Ms. Zhu reject the media's invitatin t interviews?
A. Because she was t shy.
B. Because she was nt available.
C. Because she feared her fame might affect her career.
D. Because she cnsidered fame nthing but a burden.
35. What can we learn frm Ms Zhu's stry?
A. Attitude is altitude（高度）.
B. The early bird catches the wrms.
C. Many hands make light wrk.
D. Diligence （勤奋） makes up fr inability.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Smartphnes stre a lt f persnal data. These devices knw ur names, the names f ur friends, ur addresses and where we are right nw.(36)______A weather app needs t knw where a persn is t reprt the lcal frecast, fr example.
Many smartphne apps dn't cst anything t dwnlad and use. But dn't be fled. There's still a price.(37)______Thse same apps may ften send data n t advertisers as well. Thse advertisers will pay well t knw hw peple behave and live. Once yur data leave a device, yu can't get them back. And that data theft may nt be harmless. Mrever, thse data may tell when smene leaves hme and when he gets back.(38)______Scial media sites ften have access t a user's images and psts.
Recently a new nline tl has been develped t track the misuse f private data.(39)______It tells peple when their apps are sending data, which can help spt the misuse. SPEPrxy identifies the misuse f data using an apprach that has already been used t diagnse illnesses.
In the clinical field, a kind f medical sftware is used t cllect data frm a patient Then it cmpares them t thse symptms f many pssible illnesses t make a diagnsis.
Right nw, peple can nly track data with the new tl by ging t a website.(40)______It's als a bit awkward t use. Peple may nt want t g t the truble f getting nline t track their data. A mre cnvenient versin that peple culd install n their phnes is in urgent need.
A. It is called SPEPrxy.
B. That means it's limited.
C. It is mre than cnvenient t use in cmputers.
D. Yur privacy is what's paying fr it.
E. Sme apps use thse data t d their jb.
F. Sme apps may charge yu much mney t perate.
G. They can shw hw and where peple spend their days.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Sea turtles are cnsidered a natinal treasure in Sri Lanka. Hwever, in recent years, the sea turtles have faced great 41 .
Grwing up n the beach, Chamara Indika,35, was 42 abut it. In the beginning, he 43 himself t the prtectin f sea turtles as a vlunteer. He gave his spare time t raise 44 f caring fr sea turtles and caried ut sea turtle prtectin and rescue missins.
Later, he decided that this was nt a lng-term 45 . "One persn's abilities are very 46 and I wanted t make real changes," said Indika. 47 , Jack Xia, the funder f Chinese YIK Internatinal Vlunteers(YIKIV), reached ut t Indika and ffered his help t prtect sea turtles. With his assistance, Indika set up the Nil Manel Fundatin in Sri Lanka.
The rganizatin 48 prfessinal training and guidance fr the vlunteers, spreads knwledge f turtle and caries ut cnservatin activities. Vlunteers can then wrk t spread their new knwledge t mre peple.
At first, the vlunteers' main jb was t rescue and care fr 49 turtles lcally. Then they fund peple and animals eat turtle eggs n the beach. S vlunteers started 50 eggs t a prtectin center with artificial cultivatin. It 51 higher survival rates.
Thanks t their effrts, the survival rate f newbrn turtles has reached new highs, and cnservatin awareness has als increased. Many vlunteers nw 52 t use straws and plastic bags which cause many turtles t die accidentally.
"It made me feel that all my wrk had 53 . But it was nt enugh t rely n myself and the current vlunteers. It wuld be imprtant t 54 this knwledge dwn t future generatins," said Indika. With persistence and hard wrk, Indika firmly believes they will make a(n) 55 t the sea turtles.
41. A. pprtunities B. pssibilities C. challenges D. demands
42. A. cnfused B. wrried C. challenges D. embarrassed
43. A. encuraged B. supprted C. dnated D. devted
44. A. awareness B. imprtance C. cncern D. request
45. A. idea B. prgress C. slutin D. design
46. A. unique B. limited C. disappinting D. valuable
47. A. By hance B. On purpse C. In all D. By far
48. A. caters B. prvidesC. ffers D. supplies
49 A. injured B. ld C. fragile D. abandned
50. A. picking B. cllecting C. mving D. pulling
51. A. ensured B. freseen C. suggested D. indicated
52. A. tend B. refuse C. hesitate D. struggle
53. A. given ut B. put away C. paid ff D. drawn back
54. A. explain B. send C. pass D. put
55. A. shelter B. achievement C. difference D. breakthrugh
第二节 语法填空（共10题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Each year, sme 50 t 100 millin animals are used in scientific research arund the wrld. Animal testing allws researchers t develp new medicine and (56) ______ (treat), advancing the field f medicine and imprving the-health f sciety. Fr example, many drugs used t treat r prevent cancer, HIV, etc. have resulted frm tests (57)______ (d) n animals.
Animal testing als makes (58)______ pssible fr scientists and researchers t test the safety f medicine. Drugs may pse significant risks t humans, s testing them (59)_______ animals first gives researchers a chance(60)______(determine) their safety befre human trials are perfrmed.
Hwever, a significant number f animals(61)______(harm) r die as a result f experiments and testing each day. Thse wh ppse animal testing say such experiments are(62)______(stress) and smetimes painful fr animals. Oppnents als argue that animals are guile different frm humans,(63)______(make) the results f animal testing unreliable. Thusands f activists wrldwide are campaigning fr raising awareness and demanding an end t animal testing.
Animal testing has taught human beings a great deal and saved a large number f(64)______(life). It needs t be cntinued, even if that means animals smetimes suffer. Hwever, new measures shuld be taken t reduce the number f animals used in experiments and imprve the way in (65)______ scientific research is cnducted.
第四部分 基础知识（共三节，满分20分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）
66. The running race has already been p______ three times because f the weather.
67. Yang Qian was the first athlete t win the gld m______ in the 2020 Tky Olympic Games.
68. The schl has set up a wide v______ f clubs fr students t chse frm.
69. The summary shuld be l______ t 80 wrds, the length f which is ne third f the riginal text.
70. I wuld a______ very much if yu culd reply as early as pssible.
71. My parents lent me the mney. O______,I culdn't have affrded the trip.
72. The reprt ______ that Internet usage in the UK has increased by mre than 30 percent since the first lckdwn.(t make knwn r shw smething that is surprising r that was previusly secret)
73. Despite ur effrts, sme plant species arund the wrld are still ______ at an unbelievable speed every year.(t becme impssible t see)
74. Glbal warming has already made daily life ______ fr millins f peple in sme cuntries.(t painful r unpleasant fr yu t cntinue t experience)
75. Accrding t Mr Brwn, mice have been ______ by researchers and scientists t cnduct experiments fr nearly 200 years.(t prefer smene r smething t thers)
第二节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
选用方框内合适的短语并用其正确形式填空。
76. When yu think f a fearsme hunter, images f lins and sharks may ______.
77. Nne f the kids listened t me. As a result, I______ patience.
78. T my shck, the car nearly ______ befre it crashed int a tree and caught fire.
79. When they failed t prduce any prmising results, Tu ______ the ancient bks f traditinal Chinese medicine again.
80. ______, they successfully discvered qinghasu --- the mst effective part f the qingha extract.
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10 分）根据汉语提示补全下列句子。
81.______by an ver 1,600-year-ld text abut preparing qingha extract with cld water, Tu redesigned the experiments and tried extracting the herb ______ in rder nt t damage its effective part.
据一本1600多年前的古籍记载，古人通过冷水制备青蒿提取物，受此启发，屠呦呦重新设计了实验，为了不破坏其（抗疟的） 有效成分，她尝试在低温下提取青蒿。
82. Yu can _________________t yu ____________________________.
通过外卖程序和网站，你可以让人送餐上门。
83._________________________that these were signs f ______________tsunami.
她立刻意识到这是海啸来临的征兆。
84. As the impact f human activities cntinues t grw and the list f___________ becmes lnger, we are left with a questin: can we ___________ the "lungs f the planet"?
随着人类活动影响的不断增加，濒危物种的名单越来越长，这留给我们一个问题：我们能承担得起损害“地球之肺”的后果吗？
85. Perhaps the next generatin f scientists,____________ will indeed discver mre medicines___________ glbal health care.
也许下一代的科学家借鉴中医的智慧， 确实会发现更多有益于全球医疗的药物。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分20分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last year, I went t Ls Angeles fr a hliday after I wn the Vans U. S. Open f Surfing champinship. It was a sunny day, with a blue, cludless sky ver a calm sea. I went utside and climbed up nt the rf fr a break. I sat and watched peple swimming in the sea. But then, as I lked in the distance, I saw a series f three r fur big waves heading tward the shre. I'd seen these mini-tsunamis many times befre. They were heading at speed twards the swimming area. Mst peple knew t lk ut fr them, but frm the screams that started cming frm the beach, I culd tell smene was in truble.
Withut thinking, Iran dwn int the street, grabbing my bdybard（冲浪板） n the way. I shuted at a stranger t call the lifeguard. My neighbr Tm had heard the screaming as well and was als utside with his bdybard, s tgether we rushed t the steps that led dwn t the beach.
When we gt dwn there, we discvered the waves had pulled tw bys int the pen sea. I knew that the nearest bat wuld take at least 30 minutes t reach us. I wasn't used t this srt f emergency --- I'd never ben rained as a lifeguard--- but I didn't think twice abut trying t save them. I suppse in a way I wanted t impress everyne; at 19,a deal like that can seem like a gd pprtunity t shw ff.
Tm and 1 dived int the water. It tk us 10 minutes t lcate them. When we finally reached them, they were hardly able t stay aflat（漂浮的）, their heads bbbing up and dwn in the water. We culd tell they were still alive frm their small breaths but it was clear they wuldn't have been able t stay there much lnger. Tm and I held the bys and pulled them ver ur bards.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
We began pushing them back t the shre, but the waves were getting strnger.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When we arrived at the hspital, the tw kids were in better cnditin.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2021-2022学年高一下学期南京市大厂高级中学期中考试英语试卷参考答案
第二部分 阅读理解
第一节 阅读理解
21-23ABA 24-27ABBD 28-31BAAC 32-35ACCA
第二节 七选五
36-40EDGAB
第三部分 语言知识运用
第一节 完形填空
41-45CBDAC 46-50 BABAC 51-55ABCCC
第二节 语法填空
56. treatment(s) 57. dne 58. It 59. n
60. t determine 61. are harmed 62. stressful 63. making
64. lives 65. which
第四部分 基础知识
第一节
66. pstpned 67. medal 68. variety 69. Limited 70. appreciate 71. Otherwise 72. reveals 63. disappearing
74. unbearable 75. favred
第二节
76. spring t mind 77. ran ut f 78. kncked ff my feet 79. referred t 80. Abve all else
第三节
81. Inspired; at a lw temperature
82. have fd delivered; using fd delivery a apps and sites
83. It immediately ccurred t her; an appraching
84. species in danger f extinctin; affrd t damage
85. drawing n the wisdm f traditinal Chinese medicine; beneficial t
第五部分 读后续写
We began pushing them back t the shre, but the waves were getting strnger. We had t wait. We eagerly hping fr the arrival f the saving bat. The wild wind blew and the freezing sea water clapped ur bdies cntinuusly.30 minutes seemed much lnger as we just helplessly flated n the bundless sea. After a lng time, a light spt appeared in the distance! We waved ur hands and yelled ut fr help. The bat finally reached us and tk all f us back t the shre. The tw children were immediately sent t the nearest hspital.
When we arrived at the hspital, the tw kids were in better cnditin. Picturing what the merry scene wuld be, relief lay in my heart and happiness etched n my face. The next mrning, all the peple I met smiled t me and culd nt stp praising me. It seemed like a gd pprtunity t shw myself ff, but I didn't mean t. In fact, I was ashamed I had thught abut it. It ccurred t me that helping thers was priceless and everyne shuld be a lifeguard.
abve all else; spring t mind; knck sb ff ne's feet;
run ut f; thrugh trial and errr; refer t