2024届河南省开封市高三下学期第二次质量检测英语试题（原卷版+解析版）

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本试卷分第卷(选择题)和第卷(非选择题)两部分，考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上(答题注意事项见答题卡)，在本试题卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项：
1.本考试设试题卷和答题卡两部分，所有答题必须用2B铅笔涂(选择题)或用黑色签字笔写(非选择题)在答题卡上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
2.答卷前，务必用黑色中性笔在答题卡正面清楚地填写姓名、准考证号。
3.考试时间120分钟。试卷满分150分。
第一部分听力(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What happens t the speakers?
A. They have a car accident.
B. They are stuck in traffic.
C. They quarrel with their daughter.
2. Hw des the man sund?
A. Regretful. B. Pleased. C. Nervus.
3. What des the man cngratulate the wman n?
A. Her prmtin at wrk. B. Her achievement in sales. C. Her perfrmance at a cncert.
4. When will Mary’s first class start?
A. At 8:00. B. At 8:15. C. At 8:30.
5. What des the man decide t d?
A. Live alne near the wrkplace.
B. Chse the huse in the suburb.
C. Share an apartment with thers.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟;听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. What did the man d n Friday?
A. He went swimming. B. He gave a bilgy lessn. C. He wrked n his prject.
7. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. A TV prgram. B. A weekend plan. C. A basketball game.
听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In a supermarket. B. In a factry. C. In an ffice.
9. What des the man suggest ding?
A. Having a rest. B. Testing prducts. C. Imprving quality.
听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。
10. What is the man ding?
A. Jgging. B. Cking dinner. C. Preparing a reprt.
11. Why did the wman skip lunch tday?
A. She had a stmachache. B. She wanted t lse weight. C. She was busy n the phne.
12. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Mther and sn. C. Brther and sister.
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。
13. What is the weather like tday?
A. Snwy. B. Rainy. C. Windy.
14. What will the highest temperature be during the day tmrrw?
A. -7℃. B. -10℃. C. -13℃.
15. What des the man want t d?
A. Read nvels. B. G utside. C. Draw pictures.
16. What des the wman remind the man t d?
A. Charge his cellphne. B. Wear a pair f thick glves. C. Tum n the air cnditiner.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。
17. What did the speaker prbably like when he was yunger?
A. Beer. B. Wine. C. Whiskey.
18. What is the percentage f alchl in Whiskey?
A. Abut 11%. B. Abut 14%. C. Abut 40%.
19. Which place is famus fr wine accrding t the speaker?
A. Sctland. B. Spain. C. Ireland.
20. What des the speaker mean at last?
A. Wine f gd quality csts a lt f mney.
B. Drinking t much wine is harmful t health.
C. Wine shuldn’t be assciated with scial status.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Are yu lking t bridge the gap between lifestyle and health, and start the psitive jurney f living lnger and better?
If s, then Gldster can help. Our friendly cmmunity embraces the challenges, the triumphs, and the aspiratins f ageing, thrugh live nline classes fr all levels f abilities. Classes are science-backed, hsted by industry-leading experts and designed fr the ver 50s.
With up t 20 live classes daily, there’s always smething t enjy, frm Pilates and Tai Chi t Resistance Training and Dance-there are even fitness classes suitable fr all levels if yu fancy smething a-little mre energetic.
Or if yu prefer, craft yur creativity with Creative Writing, Petry and Art and sharpen yur cgnitin with Brain Training classes and ur highly acclaimed bk club.
Yu can even capture sme calm and melt int sme-meditatin (冥想), mindfulness and self-massage with classes that help t invite a peaceful night’s sleep.
Jin fr free nw and receive:
• 5 free live and 5 free n-demand classes, with full access t daily live classes and recrdings
• A daily-email with class jining links
• The Magazine full f weekly health and wellbeing articles
• Exclusive nline events
Simply lg nt httpprm. t claim yur five free classes r scan the QR cde al the bttm f the page.
S why nt chse t feel belter? Jin nw and keep active, healthy, and scially cnnected with Gldsler.
1. Wh is an intended reader f this text?
A. A yung lady wh is planning t lse weight.
B. A teenager wh is interested in nline curses.
C. A man in his late 30s wh wants t live a healthy life.
D. An elderly wman wh seeks t live lnger and better.
2. Which is NOT included in Gldster’s classes?
A. Flwer arrangement.B. Fitness training.
C. Sleep imprvement.D. Writing practice.
3. What is the type f this text?
A. A health reprt.B. An advertisement.
C. An annuncement.D. An intrductin.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了专为50岁以上的老年人设计的，让老年人活得更长更健康的Gldster网络直播课。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Are yu lking t bridge the gap between lifestyle and health, and start the psitive jurney f living lnger and better?(你是否想要弥补生活方式和健康之间的差距，开启活得更长更健康的积极之旅？)”和第二段“Classes are science-backed, hsted by industry-leading experts and designed fr the ver 50s.(课程是以科学为基础，有行业领先专家主持，专为50多岁的人设计。)”可知，这个课程专为想要活得更长更健康的老年人设计的，故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“With up t 20 live classes daily, there’s always smething t enjy, frm Pilates and Tai Chi t Resistance Training and Dance-there are even fitness classes suitable fr all levels if yu fancy smething a-little mre energetic.(每天都20多节现场课程，总有一些值得享受的东西，从普拉提和太极到阻力训练和舞蹈，如果你想要精力充沛的话，甚至还有适合所有级别的健康课程。)”、第四段“Or if yu prefer, craft yur creativity with Creative Writing, Petry and Art and sharpen yur cgnitin with Brain Training classes and ur highly acclaimed bk club.(或者，如果你愿意，可以通过创意写作、诗歌和艺术来培养你的创造力，并通过大脑训练课程和我们备受赞誉的读书俱乐部来提高你的认知能力。)”和第五段“Yu can even capture sme calm and melt int sme-meditatin (冥想), mindfulness and self-massage with classes that help t invite a peaceful night’s sleep.(你甚至可以捕捉一些平静、融入一些冥想、正念和自我按摩课程来促进一整晚平静的睡眠。)”可知，Gldster的课程有健康课程、睡眠提升课以及写作练习课程，不包含插花课程，故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Are yu lking t bridge the gap between lifestyle and health, and start the psitive jurney f living lnger and better?(你是想要弥补生活方式和健康之间的差距，开启活得更长更健康的积极之旅？)”以及后文对Gldster直播课程的介绍可知，本文主要是为了宣传Gldster这一网络直播课程，因此本文是一则广告，故选B。
B
Despite an ever-higher bar t grab the attentin f students in large lecture hall, Tatiana Erukhimva, wh teaches physics at Texas A&M University, has managed t get her students, as well as future generatins, excited abut the science.
Knwn as “Dr. Tatiana”, the prfessr perfrms physics tricks with bundless energy and enthusiasm in her vides. A range f everyday bjects are used in her experiments, frm pingpng balls and tilet paper t marshmallws, bicycle wheels and hair dryers. Vides f her dramatic demnstratins have received hundreds f millins f views acrss scial media platfrms.
Hwever, things aren’t always easy. When she first started teaching cllege freshman classes tw decades ag, she als struggled t grab the attentin f her students. “I did nt grab their attentin n the first day-that was my mistake.” she says. “I missed this pprtunity t bnd with them frm the very beginning, and then it tk me a while t find my vice.”
By the secnd semester, she fund her fting, adjusting her apprach t get her students engaged. The key, she says, has been t make herself apprachable and her instructin persnal. And, f curse, add shwy demnstratins. “These demnstratins ften help students t cnnect these abstract cncepts with real life.” she says.
Physics department head Grigry Rgachev says Erukhimva’s wrk has helped bring visibility t the department, with abut 2. 5 millin subscribers n its department’s YuTube page, which has translated t a bst in research funds and physics majr applicants.
As a leader in a STEM field in which wmen are underrepresented, she’s becme a rle mdel fr sme. Afiya Dhanani attended Texas A&M University after seeing Erukhimva’s vides nline. “Watching Dr. Tatiana d the experiments nline, especially since she was a female leader. Was mre inspiring fr me t even g int physics.” Dhanani said in an interview with CBS Mrnings. That’s all Erakhimva says she can hpe fr -making physics less frbidding and mre exciting.
4. What des Erukhimva’s nline vides feature?
A. Rare materials.B. Energetic presentatin.
C. Plain demnstratin.D. Prfessinal explanatin.
5. Which saying explains Erukhimva’s initial failure t grab students’ attentin 20 years ag?
A. All that glitters is nt gld.
B. Sharp tls make gd wrk.
C. First impressins are make r break.
D. A fall int the pit, a gain in yur wit.
6. Hw des Erukhimva’s wrk cntribute t the physics department?
A. It leads mre students t change their majrs.
B. It makes mre peple t knw abut the department.
C. It helps the department translate mre research papers.
D. It attracts mre physics prfessrs t jin the department.
7. Which wrd best describes Erukhimva as a leader in a STEM field?
A. Inspiratinal.B. Underestimated.C. Cperative.D. Ambitius.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了女性代表不足的STEM领域的领导者Erukhimva走向成功的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Knwn as “Dr. Tatiana”, the prfessr perfrms physics tricks with bundless energy and enthusiasm in her vides.(这位被称为‘塔蒂亚娜博士’的教授在她的视频中以无限的能量和热情表演物理技巧。)”可知，Tatiana的网上视频以充满能量和热情的表演为主，故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Hwever, things aren’t always easy. When she first started teaching cllege freshman classes tw decades ag, she als struggled t grab the attentin f her students. “I did nt grab their attentin n the first day-that was my mistake.” she says. “I missed this pprtunity t bnd with them frm the very beginning, and then it tk me a while t find my vice.”(然而，事情并不总是那么容易。当她第一次开始教授大学生时，她也很难吸引学生的注意力。‘第一天我没有引起他们的注意，那是我的错’。她说道。‘从第一开始我就错过了与他们建立联系的机会，后来我花了一段时间才找到自己的声音’。)”可知，20年前，在第一节课上，Erukhimva未能吸引到学生的注意力，因此她后面付出了很多才让学生对这门学科感兴趣，因此“第一印象是成败的关键”，故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Physics department head Grigry Rgachev says Erukhimva’s wrk has helped bring visibility t the department, with abut 2. 5 millin subscribers n its department’s YuTube page (物理系主任Grigry Rgachev说道，Erukhimva的工作有助于提高物理系的知名度，该系的YuTube页面上约有250万订阅者)”可知，Erukhimva的工作提高了物理系的知名度，让更多人知道了物理系，故选B。
7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“As a leader in a STEM field in which wmen are underrepresented, she’s becme a rle mdel fr sme.(作为女性代表不足的STEM领域的领导者，她已经成为了一些人的榜样。)”可知，她是很多人的榜样，因此作为STEM领域的领导者，她是鼓舞人心的，激励人的，故选A。
C
The taste f champagne as we knw it culd change beynd recgnitin in the cming years. As glbal temperatures cntinue t rise, the climate crisis pses a threat t the prductin f wine.
The supply f Chardnnay, Pint Nir and Pint Meunier, amng ther ppular wine-making grapes, are at risk. By 2050, abut 85% f the lands that we grw gd wine grapes n will n lnger prduce suitable wine grapes.
Grapes are susceptible t even the mst subtle changes in weather. “Wine is kind f the canary (金丝雀) in the cal mine fr climate change impacts n agriculture because s much f the character f wine is tied t the lcal climate.” said Benjamin Ck, a climate scientist. He published a paper in 2020 examining the effects f climate change n agriculture and hw the diversity f grapes can increase their resilience t such changes.
He adds that scientists are “seeing pretty much all plants, including wine grapevines, start their lifecycle in the grwing seasn earlier, and ften finish up earlier. Yu basically ripen yur fruit earlier and typically yu harvest earlier. In the Champagne regin f France, these changes can alter the distinctive persnalities f grapes grwn there. “If it matures t quickly, the rati f acidity and sugar might be different.” Ck said.
A grape’s qualities are dependent n its envirnment. With a warming planet, it’s harder t prduce grapes that make champagne taste sweeter and bzier (酒精浓度高的). “Fr instance, in a chardnnay grape, what yu’re lking fr in a cler climate is generally an apple taste, whereas in a warmer climate the warmth can change the grapes qualities t be mre like a trpical fruit, r even banana-like.” said Spiess.
One f the many ways farmers and winemakers are trying t alleviate the effects f climate change n grape prductin is site selectin. “Places like Belgium and the Netherlands and Sweden, they’re experiencing psitive effects f climate change as the planet is warming.” Spiess said. As different regins in the wrld experience the effects f climate change differently, they may start t have mre ideal climate cnditins fr wine making.
The dwnside fr thse Swedish winemakers? If thse champagne grapes aren’t grwn in the Champagne regin f France, yu can’t call it champagne, which is a prtected designatin f rigin.
S hw d yu say “bubbly” in Swedish?
8. Hw des the climate change threaten the prductin f wine?
A. By increasing the diversity f grapes.
B By increasing the cst f wine making.
C. By intensify the cmpetitin between winemakers.
D. By reducing the prductin f suitable wine-making grapes.
9. What des the underlined wrd “susceptible” in paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Sensitive.B. Resistant.C. Adaptable.D. Tlerant.
10. Which f the fllwing statements is true?
A. The lifecycle f wine grapevines is becming lnger.
B. A chardnnay grape may taste like banana in cler climate.
C. Grapes’ rati f acidity and sugar influences champagne’s taste.
D. Wine making in Sweden faces the same challenge as that in France.
11. Which can be the best title f the text?
A. Will champagne becme sweeter?
B. Why is champagne called champagne?
C. Culd Champagne sn stp prducing champagne?
D. What impact des climate change have n agriculture?
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了全球气候变化对葡萄酒产业，特别是香槟酒生产的影响。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“By 2050, abut 85% f the lands that we grw gd wine grapes n will n lnger prduce suitable wine grapes.(到2050年，我们种植优质酿酒葡萄的土地中，约85%将不再生产合适的酿酒葡萄。)”可知，这意味着到2050年，大约85%的原本适合种植优质酿酒葡萄的土地将不再能产出适合酿酒的葡萄。因此，气候变化威胁葡萄酒生产的方式是减少了适合酿酒的葡萄的产量。故选D。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线单词下一句““Wine is kind f the canary (金丝雀) in the cal mine fr climate change impacts n agriculture because s much f the character f wine is tied t the lcal climate.” said Benjamin Ck, a climate scientist.(“就气候变化对农业的影响而言，葡萄酒就像是煤矿里的金丝雀，因为葡萄酒的很多特性都与当地气候有关。”气候科学家 Benjamin Ck说。)”可知，气候学家将葡萄就像煤矿里的金丝雀，与气候密切相关。由此可推测，葡萄对于气候的变化很敏感，也就是说葡萄容易受到气候的影响。选项A“Sensitive (敏感的)”；选项B“Resistant(抵抗的)”；选项C“Adaptable(能适应的)”；选项D“Tlerant(容忍的)”。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“In the Champagne regin f France, these changes can alter the distinctive persnalities f grapes grwn there. “If it matures t quickly, the rati f acidity and sugar might be different.” Ck said.(在法国的香槟产区，这些变化可以改变葡萄的独特个性。“如果它成熟得太快，酸度和糖分的比例可能会不同。” Ck说。)”和第五段“A grape’s qualities are dependent n its envirnment. With a warming planet, it’s harder t prduce grapes that make champagne taste sweeter and bzier (酒精浓度高的).(葡萄的品质取决于它生长的环境。随着全球变暖，越来越难生产出能让香槟口感更甜、酒精浓度高的葡萄。)”可知，葡萄的酸度和糖分的比例会影响香槟的味道。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The taste f champagne as we knw it culd change beynd recgnitin in the cming years. As glbal temperatures cntinue t rise, the climate crisis pses a threat t the prductin f wine. (我们所知道的香槟的味道在未来几年可能会变得面目全非。随着全球气温持续上升，气候危机对葡萄酒的生产构成了威胁。)”、倒数第二段“The dwnside fr thse Swedish winemakers? If thse champagne grapes aren’t grwn in the Champagne regin f France, yu can’t call it champagne, which is a prtected designatin f rigin.(这些瑞典酿酒师的不利之处是什么？如果这些香槟葡萄不是生长在法国香槟地区，你就不能称它为香槟，这是受保护的原产地名称。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讨论的是气候变化对香槟生产的影响，特别是由于气候变化导致适合种植酿酒葡萄的土地减少，这可能威胁到香槟的生产。选项C“Culd Champagne sn stp prducing champagne?(香槟很快就会停止生产香槟吗？)”直接点明了文章讨论的核心问题，即气候变化可能导致香槟产区的葡萄种植受影响，进而影响到香槟的生产。故选C。
D
A fallacy is an errr in reasning based n pinin, misunderstanding, r intentinal misdirectin that makes an argument invalid. Cmmn causatin (因果关系) fallacies include thse f versimplificatin and exaggeratin, which ccur when actual ‘causes f an event are reduced t the pint where cnnectins between causes and effects are blurred r buried.
Oversimplificatin is cmmn, which means reducing multiple causes t just ne r a few. Well-intentined writers and speakers can fall int the trap f versimplificatin if nt careful.
One mtivatin fr simplificatin is the basic advice given t writers: Dn’t get stuck in details. In the prcess, hwever, a writer can leave ut t many details, even critical infrmatin. Anther cntributing factr t versimplificatin is the veruse f an imprtant tl in critical thinking called Oceam’s Razr, a principle that states that the simplest explanatin that fits the data is the preferable ne. The prblem is that the simplest explanatin might nt always be the right-ne.
A writer creating an argument can assume that based n Occam’s Razr, the simplest explanatin is likely true, but they must nt assume that is always the case. They must lk at all angles and cmplexities f an issue befre settling n the simplest explanatin.
Here is an example f versimplificatin:
Schl vilence has gne up and academic perfrmance has gne dwn since vide games featuring vilence were intrduced. Therefre, vide games with vilence shuld be banned, resulting in schl imprvement.
This argument exhibits versimplificatin because it assumes prblems in schls (increasing vilence, decreasing academic perfrmance can be attributed t a single cause: the time yung peple spend playing vide games that feature vilence). Varius ther factrs, including scial and ecnmic cnditins that may cntribute t a child’s mental health, are ignred.
Related t the fallacy f versimplificatin is the fallacy f exaggeratin-multiplying a cuple f causes int many.
12. What des paragraph 3 mainly fcus n?
A. The causes f versimplificatin.
B. The impact f versimplificatin.
C. The definitin f versimplificatin.
D. The characteristics f versimplificatin.
13. Hw d writers cmmit versimplificatin when creating an argument based n Occam’s-Razr?
A. They cnsider an issue t be cmplicated.
B. They lk at an issue frm different angles.
C. They believe the simplest explanatin is likely true.
D. They have abslute trust in the simplest explanatin.
14. Which f the fllwing statements is an example f versimplificatin?
A. The natin’s lack f mral standards is caused by multiple factrs.
B. The latest currency plicy takes full blame fr the declining ecnmy.
C. She was saved because f the seal belt as well as dctrs’ timely saving.
D. The prblem f educatin nt just lies in teachers’ failure f ding their jbs.
15. What might the authr discuss in the paragraphs that fllw?
A. Ways t avid versimplificatin.
B. Mre examples f versimplificatin.
C. Causes and examples f exaggeratin.
D. The distinctin between exaggeratin and versimplificatin.
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了常见的因果关系谬论主要包括过于简单化和夸大的谬论，文章重点介绍了造成过于简单化谬论的原因以及具体的例子。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“One mtivatin fr simplificatin is the basic advice given t writers(过于简化的一个动机就是给作家的基本建议)”和“Anther cntributing factr t versimplificatin is the veruse f an imprtant tl in critical thinking called Oceam’s Razr(另一个导致过于简单话的因素就是过度使用了一种名为Oceam’s Razr的批判性思维)”可知，本段主要介绍了造成过于简单化的原因，故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Anther cntributing factr t versimplificatin is the veruse f an imprtant tl in critical thinking called Oceam’s Razr, a principle that states that the simplest explanatin that fits the data is the preferable ne. (另一个导致过度简单化的因素是过去使用一种名为Oceam’s Razr的批判性思维，该原则指出，符合数据的最简单的解释就是最好的解释。)”可知，基于Oceam’s Razr，作家会认为符合数据的最简单的解释就是最好的解释，而最简单的解释不一定就是准确的，因此过度简单化的作家会一味地相信最简单的解释，故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段对文中提到的过于简单化的例子的评判“This argument exhibits versimplificatin because it assumes prblems in schls (increasing vilence, decreasing academic perfrmance can be attributed t a single cause: the time yung peple spend playing vide games that feature vilence). Varius ther factrs, including scial and ecnmic cnditins that may cntribute t a child’s mental health, are ignred.(这一论点过于简单化，因为它假设学校存在问题（暴力事件的增加、学习成绩的下降可能归因于一个简单的原因：年轻人玩以暴力为特征的电子游戏的时间。）但其他因素，包括可能有助于儿童心理健康的社会和经济条件，都被忽视了。)”可知，简单化不懂得从各个角度来考虑问题，而是一味地将原因归咎在一件事情上，故B项“最近的货币政策是导致经济下滑的全部原因”就是一个典型的过于简单化的例子，故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Related t the fallacy f versimplificatin is the fallacy f exaggeratin-multiplying a cuple f causes int many.(与过于简单化的谬论相关的就是将几个原因夸大为多个原因的谬论。)”可知，文章末尾提到了与过于简单化的谬论相关的夸大谬论，且前文提到了过于简单化的原因并给出了相关的例子，故接下来也将讲述夸大谬论的原因以及具体例子，故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Friends are incredibly imprtant peple in ur lives. Sme are with us fr decades. ____16____ Here are sme tips t remember if yu’re prcessing the lss f a friend.
Smetimes things just dn’t wrk ut.
____17____ In fact, peple, n average, lse abut half f their friends every seven years. One f the mst cmmn reasns thse relatinships end is that they just fell thrugh the cracks. Things didn’t wrk ut. Nbdy really wanted the friendship t end, but peple gt busy and didn’t intentinally maintain the friendship.
Make the unsaid said.
Smetimes, in friendship, peple dn’t make the unsaid said. ____18____ And because they’re never directly addressed, peple get t a pint where they want t end the friendship befre actually addressing the prblem. Actually, if they had intervened sner, they might have been able t save the friendship.
It’s nrmal t feel grief.
When a friendship ends, there is a grieving prcess. Allw yurself t feel thse emtins and be patient. Instead f pushing yurself t cheer up, try thinking like this, “Of curse I’m upset. This is a natural part f intimacy (亲密关系) and lss. I lst smene I’m very clse t. ____19____
____20____
It’s imprtant nt t blame yurself and be mean t yurself fr nt getting ver the lss f a friendship. Just because this happened like this desn’t mean mre friendships will happen like this. Allw yurself t have a fresh perspective when yu enter new friendships. Yu dn’t want t g int a new cnnectin fearfully.
A. That means I lve them deeply.
B. Be kind t yurself alng the way.
C. Find ways t enter a new friendship.
D. Small things can kind f accumulate.
E. Lsing friends is a regular part f life.
F. But nt all f them can stand the test f time.
G. When a clse friendship ends, the reasns are cmplicated.
【答案】16. F 17. E 18. D 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些方法以帮助我们走出失去朋友的痛苦。
【16题详解】
根据空前“Sme are with us fr decades. (有些已经存在了几十年。)”可知，空前讲述的是有的朋友已经在我们身边多年。选项F“But nt all f them can stand the test f time.(但并不是所有的都能经受住时间的考验。)”延续上文内容，指的是有的朋友会陪伴我们很久，有些朋友却不能经受时间的考验。故选F。
【17题详解】
根据空后内容“In fact, peple, n average, lse abut half f their friends every seven years.(事实上，人们平均每七年就会失去一半的朋友。)”可知，人们每七年就会失去一半的朋友。选项E“Lsing friends is a regular part f life.(失去朋友是生活中很正常的一部分。)”与下文内容保持一致，指的是失去朋友很正常，人们每七年就会失去一半的朋友。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据空后内容“And because they’re never directly addressed, peple get t a pint where they want t end the friendship befre actually addressing the prblem.(因为这些问题从来没有被直接解决过，所以人们会在真正解决问题之前就想结束友谊。)”可知，下文讲述的是因为这些问题没有解决，所以人们想要结束友谊。选项D“Small things can kind f accumulate.(小事情会累积起来。)”中的“small things”正是下文提到的“they”，内容上也与下文保持一致。指的是小事慢慢堆积成为问题，问题不被解决使人们想要结束友谊。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据空前内容“I lst smene I’m very clse t.(我失去了一个很亲近的人。)”可知，失去朋友就是失去了一个很亲近的人。选项A“That means I lve them deeply.(那意味着我深深地爱着他们。)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的所谓的亲近的人也是我们所深爱的人，失去他们，我们自然感到悲伤。故选A。
【20题详解】
空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“It’s imprtant nt t blame yurself and be mean t yurself fr nt getting ver the lss f a friendship. Just because this happened like this desn’t mean mre friendships will happen like this. Allw yurself t have a fresh perspective when yu enter new friendships. Yu dn’t want t g int a new cnnectin fearfully.(重要的是不要因为没有从失去友谊中走出来而责怪自己，也不要对自己刻薄。仅仅因为这样的事情发生了并不意味着会有更多这样的友谊发生。当你开始一段新的友谊时，让自己有一个新的视角。你不想害怕地进入一段新的关系。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是不要苛责自己。选项B“Be kind t yurself alng the way.(一路走来，要善待自己。)”与本段内容相符，指的是善待自己。故选B。
第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As Gnzales was ____21____ t the martial arts gym where he trained, he saw what lked like a plice pursuit. A(n) ____22____ man f medium build, ____23____ in a black T-shirt, was running frm a plice fficer. When Gnzales saw the fficer in need f ____24____ every element f the mral cde installed in him thrugh his Brazilian jiu-jitsu (巴西柔术) training tld him t ____25____ a hand.
Gnzales slwed dwn. S did the man being chased-t avid ____26____ Gnzales’s minivan. That ____27____ allwed the fficer t catch up and take the suspect t the grund. Hwever, he quickly realized that the fficer did nt have ____28____ f the situatin. The fficer was straddling (跨坐) him, but the suspect was abut t ____29____ the plice fficer ver. Gnzales jumped ut f his vehicle and _____30_____ himself n the man’s legs. _____31_____, his wife, Ortiz, used her phne t recrd the scene. Finally, the threat was ver.
But fr Gnzales, the ride was just beginning. Ortiz _____32_____ the vide n Facebk, where it attracted ver 56 millin _____33_____. Amng thse awed by the vide was Brazilian jiu-jitsu _____34_____, a furth-degree black belt, wh stated, “The cmbinatin f Gnzales’s technique and his cmmunicatin with bth the fficer and the suspect is _____35_____!”
21. A. jggingB. walkingC. drivingD. cycling
22. A. muscularB. ambitiusC. humrusD. aggressive
23. A. wrnB. absrbedC. dressedD. buried
24. A. assistanceB. emergencyC. slutinD. actin
25 A. sendB. lendC. shakeD. hld
26. A. cming acrssB. hlding upC. breaking dwnD. running int
27. A. accusatinB. hesitatinC. adaptatinD. cmmunicatin
28. A. cnsciusnessB. knwledgeC. cntrlD. advantage
29. A. tipB. fightC. fallD. hand
30. A. abandnedB. draggedC. pulledD. threw
31. A. HweverB. TherefreC. MeanwhileD. Instead
32. A. dwnladedB. editedC. sawD. psted
33. A. custmersB. viewsC. cheersD. researches
34. A. instructrB. cnductrC. peratrD. inventr
35. A. hericB. mvingC. understandableD. legendary
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了学巴西柔术的Gnzales帮助警察捉拿嫌疑犯这一事件，视频传到网上，Gnzales的技术得到了柔术四级黑带教练的称赞。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Gnzales正开车去他锻炼的武术馆时，他看到了一起类似警察追捕事件。A. jgging慢走；B. walking走路；C. driving开车；D. cycling骑自行车。根据后文“Gnzales jumped ut f his vehicle”可知，他从车上跳出来，故此处指他正开车去武术馆，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个中等身材的肌肉男，穿着一件黑色的T恤，从警察局跑出来。A. muscular满是肌肉的；B. ambitius有抱负心的；C. humrus幽默的；D. aggressive挑衅的。根据后文“The fficer was straddling (跨坐) him, but the suspect was abut t ____9____ the plice fficer ver.”可知，警察坐在嫌疑犯身上就差点被推翻了，故可知他是一个有力的肌肉男，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. wrn穿，戴；B. absrbed专心于；C. dressed穿着；D. buried埋头于。根据空后的in a black T-shirt可知，此处指他穿着一件黑色的T恤，be dressed in“穿着……”，故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Gnzales看到需要帮助的警察时，他在巴西柔术训练中养成的道德准则告诉他要伸出援助之手。A. assistance帮助；B. emergency紧急情况；C. slutin解决方法；D. actin行动。根据后文“every element f the mral cde installed in him thrugh his Brazilian jiu-jitsu (巴西柔术) training tld him t ____5____ a hand.”可知，训练的道德准则告诉他要伸出援助之手，故可知这时警察需要帮助，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. send发送；B. lend借，伸出；C. shake摇，握；D. hld举着。根据后文“Gnzales jumped ut f his vehicle and ____10____ himself n the man’s legs.”可知，Gnzales从车里跳出去，坐在那个人的腿上可知，他决定要去帮忙，lend sb. a hand“帮助某人”，故填B。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：被追捕的男子也是如此，慢了下来——为了避免撞上Gnzales的小货车。A. cming acrss偶遇；B. hlding up举起；C. breaking dwn抛锚，垮掉；D. running int撞上。根据前文“Gnzales slwed dwn.S did the man being chased-t”可知，被追赶的男子也慢了下来，故是为了避免撞上Gnzales的小货车，故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一犹豫让警察追了上去，把嫌疑犯按在了地上。A. accusatin控告；B. hesitatin犹豫；C. adaptatin适应；D. cmmunicatin交流。根据前文“S did the man being chased-t avid ____6____ Gnzales’s minivan.”可知，被追捕的男子为了避免撞上Gnzales的小货车，因此慢了下来，故这一犹豫不前让警察逮住机会，追了上去，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他很快意识到警察没有控制住局面。A. cnsciusness意识；B. knwledge知识；C. cntrl控制；D. advantage好处。根据后文“The fficer was straddling (跨坐) him, but the suspect was abut t ____9____ the plice fficer ver.”可知，警察跨坐在嫌疑犯身上，但嫌疑犯似乎要把警察撞翻，故很快Gnzales意识到警察没能控制住局面，故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. tip使倾斜，打翻。B. fight打斗；C. fall掉落，摔倒；D. hand递，交。根据前文“The fficer was straddling (跨坐) him, but”前后的转折可知，警察坐跨在他身上，但嫌疑犯几乎要把警察翻过来，tip sb. ver“把某人撞翻过来”，故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gnzales跳下车，扑到那人的腿上。A. abandned抛弃；B. dragged拖，拽；C. pulled拉；D. threw扔，猛动。根据空后“himself n the man’s legs.”可知，就在嫌疑犯将要把警察翻过来时，Gnzales猛扑到那个人的腿上，thrw neself“投身于，跳下去，扑向”，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，他的妻子Ortiz用手机录下了这个场景。A. Hwever然而；B. Therefre因此；C. Meanwhile与此同时；D. Instead相反。根据空前“Gnzales jumped ut f his vehicle and ____10____ himself n the man’s legs.”和空后“his wife, Ortiz, used her phne t recrd the scene.”可知，空前“他跳出车去帮助警察捉拿嫌疑犯”和空后“他的妻子用手机录下了这一场景”是同时发生的，故应用连词“与此同时”，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ortiz将视频上传到Facebk上，吸引了5600多万次观看。A. dwnladed下载；B. edited编辑；C. saw看到；D. psted上传。根据后文“where it attracted ver 56 millin ____13____.”可知，有5600多万人看这个视频，故此处意为将视频上传到Facebk上，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. custmer顾客；B. views观看；C. cheers欢呼；D. researches研究。根据后文“Amng thse awed by the vide was Brazilian jiu-jitsu ____14____”可知，一位巴西柔术教练都对这个视频感到敬畏，因此是视频有5600多万人观看，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位巴西柔术四级黑带教练都对这个视频感到敬畏，他说道：“Gnzales的技术和与警察以及嫌疑犯的交流的结合是一个传奇。”A. instructr教练；B. cnductr指挥；C. peratr操作者；D. inventr发明家。根据空后“a furth-degree black belt”可知，他是柔术四级黑带选手，因此他是一个柔术教练，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. heric英勇的；B. mving令人感动的；C. understandable可理解的；D. legendary传奇的。根据空前“The cmbinatin f Gnzales’s technique and his cmmunicatin with bth the fficer and the suspect is”可知，教练在视频中看到Gnzales帮助警察捉拿嫌疑犯的视频，对他的柔术技术感到惊叹，故认为其技术和与警察以及嫌疑犯的交流的结合是一个传奇，故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下边短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。
2024 is “The Year f the Dragn” n the Chinese lunar calendar. But ____36____ that’s the prper translatin f the icnic mythical symbl f China r nt has arused ____37____(heat)debate.
The Western cncept f dragn is nt cnsistent with ____38____ f the Chinese dragn. Influenced by Greek mythlgy, the dragn is ften the keeper f treasure. Fr Eurpeans, dragn is usually a mnster ____39____ (keep) distances away frm peple. With fur legs and tw huge black wings, they can spit fire r even pisn gas ut f their muth. Cntrary ____40____ the evil image f Eurpean dragns, Chinese dragns symblize ____41____(strng) and gdluck. In Chinese legends, dragns were appinted head f the fur seas, rulers f weather and water. Thse brn in the year f the Lng are believed ____42____(be)interested in the wrld and willing t give a helping hand.
The differences in perceptin f the mythical creatures in China and the West ____43____(rt)in their different cultural values. What is imprtant is that as we enter ____44____ new lunar year, peple _____45_____(glbal)appreciate the cultural values embdied in such Chinese symbls as Lng.
【答案】36. whether
37. heated 38. that
39. keeping
40. t 41. strength
42. t be 43. are rted
44. a 45. glbally
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国农历2024年作为“龙年”的文化背景，以及中西方对于“龙”这一神话生物的不同理解和感知。
【36题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：但这是否是中国标志性神话符号的正确翻译引发了激烈的争论。这里为主语从句的连接词，根据句意以及下文的“r nt”可推测，空处意为“是否”，用引导词“whether”。故填whether。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：但这是否是中国标志性神话符号的正确翻译引发了激烈的争论。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰空后的名词“debate”。故填heated。
【38题详解】
考查代词。句意：西方的龙的概念与中国的龙并不一致。代指上文出现的名词“cncept”，有后置定语“f the Chinese dragn”，用代词“that”。故填that。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：对欧洲人来说，龙通常是一种与人保持距离的怪物。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“a mnster”和动词“keep”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填keeping。
【40题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：与欧洲龙的邪恶形象相反，中国龙象征着力量和好运。短语：（be）cntrary t，意为“与……相反”，符合句意。故填t。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：与欧洲龙的邪恶形象相反，中国龙象征着力量和好运。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式担当宾语。故填strength。
【42题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：那些出生在龙年的人被认为对世界充满兴趣，乐于助人。考查句型：主语+be+believed+t be…，意为“被认为……”，符合句意。故填t be。
【43题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：中西方对神话生物认知的差异，根源在于不同的文化价值观。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“the differences”，复数，和动词“rt”之间为被动关系。所以用被动语态。故填are rted。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：重要的是，当我们进入农历新年时，全世界的人都欣赏到“龙”等中国符号所体现的文化价值。修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词。new首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：重要的是，当我们进入农历新年时，全世界的人都欣赏到“龙”等中国符号所体现的文化价值。分析句子成分可知，空处为副词形式担当句子的状语。故填glbally。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，你校外教Peter对中国传统美食很感兴趣，请你给他写一封电子邮件推荐一种中国传统美食，内容包括：
1美食介绍；
2.推荐理由。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
I’m Li Hua frm Class 2.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
I’m Li Hua frm Class 2. Learning that yu have a passin fr Chinese traditinal fd, I’d like t recmmend dumplings t yu.
Dumplings have gained great ppularity amng Chinese peple. With thin and elastic dugh skin, fresh and tender stuffing, delicius taste, and unique shapes, dumplings are wrth eating hundreds f times. Just as an ld saying ges, “Nthing tastes better than dumplings.” During the Spring Festival and ther hlidays, Chinese peple like t fllw the auspicius custm f eating dumplings.
I d hpe yu can have a taste f dumplings and I’m sure yu’ll fall in lve them.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的推荐信。要求考生给校外教Peter推荐一种中国传统美食，介绍一下该美食并说明推荐理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
想要：wuld like → want
受欢迎：gain ppularity→ becme ppular
美味的：delicius → muthwatering
希望：hpe→ wish
2.句式拓展
同义句
原句Learning that yu have a passin fr Chinese traditinal fd, I’d like t recmmend dumplings t yu.
拓展句：Because I learn that yu have a passin fr Chinese traditinal fd, I’d like t recmmend dumplings t yu.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Learning that yu have a passin fr Chinese traditinal fd, I’d like t recmmend dumplings t yu.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】I d hpe yu can have a taste f dumplings and I’m sure yu’ll fall in lve them.（运用了省略引导词that的宾语从句）
第二节：(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My daughter and I were fans f Mister Rgers’ Neighbrhd, an educatinal children’s televisin series that was created and hsted by Fred Rgers, mre cmmnly knwn as Mister Rgers.
Arund my daughter’s secnd birthday, I had a Mister Rgers-inspired idea. Why nt invite ne key persn in my daughter’s wrld t dinner each mnth? The lcal children’s librarian culd visit ne evening, and perhaps the brugh mayr (区长) culd drp by a few weeks later.
But I wanted t start at the tp.
“Let’s invite Mister Rgers himself, ” I said t my wife. “After all, he lives just a few neighbrhds away. I bet he’d cme.”
She lked at me as if I wanted t invite the President. “Yu really think Mister Rgers wuld cme t ur huse fr dinner? Fat chance.”
Undeterred (不气馁的), I sent a letter t Mister Rgers that fall, telling him f my newfund delight in his shw and my idea fr inviting neighbrhd peple ver t talk abut their lives, and asking him and Mrs. Rgers t be ur guests.
I tld my daughter abut the letter. Her eyes glistened (发光). “Mister Rgers cming? Really, Daddy?”
One mnth later, n reply. My daughter hadn’t frgtten and peridically asked when Mister Rgers wuld be visiting. I always tld her that he hadn’t called yet and that it was a gd pprtunity t learn abut patience.
Tw mnths later, n respnse. At the three-mnth mark, my wife simply rlled her eyes when I raised the tpic. I was beginning t lse ptimism. Mister Rgers had let me dwn.
Sadly, Mister Rgers passed away in late February f the fllwing year. I was unaware f his illness and nw understd why ur invitatin had gne unanswered. Mister Rgers wuld nt be cming t dinner after all. Yet, even after his passing, Mister Rgers gave us a far greater gift than I ever culd have imagined.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A week later, I was surprised t find a letter in ur mailbx frm Mister Rgers.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The letter is a treasured gift and his kind wrds tuched my life and my daughter.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
A week later, I was surprised t find a letter in ur mailbx frm Mister Rgers. With my trembling hands, I fingered the letter and read it wrd fr wrd. He appreciated my daughter’s enjyment f his prgram and thanked us fr ur invitatin, adding that he was much hnred t be ur “guest” . But he aplgized fr nt respnding sner and nt being able t make it t ur dinner party then due t his stmach cancer treatment. In a delightful tne he expressed his wish t meet sme day. The ne-page typed letter was like smething frm an ld friend: persnal and caring.
The letter is a treasured gift and his kind wrds tuched my life and my daughter. We culd never imagine it was written when he was then suffering great pains. Mister Rgers is gne, but his remarkable talents are left behind. Rgers never came fr dinner, but his belief in the imprtance f being gd neighbrs is passed n. His spirits will never die: caring fr peple including the unknwn, hping fr the future, and mst imprtantly, psing a psitive attitude t life whatever happens. When least expected, smetimes the best presents in life cme frm a special neighbr.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者为了庆祝女儿的两岁生日，临时想到了一个主意：邀请著名的儿童节目主持人罗杰斯先生参加女儿的生日晚宴。经过了漫长的等待，还是未能等到罗杰斯先生的到来，最后作者和家人们才得知，原来是罗杰斯先生去世了。但是让他们意想不到的是，虽然他终究不会来吃晚饭，但是罗杰斯先生还是给了他们一份比作者所能想象的更大的礼物——原来是他亲自写了一封信解释了未能到来的原因，以及用愉快的语气表示希望有一天能见面。亲切的话语感动了作者和家人。通过此事，作者明白了：罗杰斯的精神永不会消亡，他关心包括未知的人，对未来充满希望，最重要的是，无论发生什么，都要向罗杰斯先生一样，对生活都保持积极的态度。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“一周后，我惊奇地在信箱里发现了一封罗杰斯先生的信。”可知，第一段可描写作者收到罗杰斯先生手写信件的激动和惊讶。同时也需要讲述到罗杰斯在信中交代为什么不能来参加作者女儿的生日晚宴的原因，以及表达对作者女儿的祝福。
②由第二段首句内容“这封信是一份珍贵的礼物，他亲切的话语感动了我和我的女儿。”可知，第二段可描写作者读到罗杰斯先生的信后深深的感动，并且表达了对罗杰斯先生的崇拜和尊敬，以及感悟。
2.续写线索：打开信箱——惊讶——信件内容——感动——赞美——学习——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.感谢：thank/appreciate/gratitude
②.道歉：say srry/aplgize
③.期待：expect/hpe/wish
情绪类
①.感谢：shwing his appreciatin/shw his gratitude/be grateful
②.关心他人的：caring/cnsiderate
[高分句型1]. With my trembling hands, I fingered the letter and read it wrd fr wrd.（使用复合结构）
[高分句型2]. When least expected, smetimes the best presents in life cme frm a special neighbr.（由when引导的时间状语从句，同时使用的非谓语动词过去分词expected做伴随状语）
听力答案：1-5 BAABC 6-10 CCBAC 11-15 BACAB 16-20 BACBC