四川省部分地区2023届高三二模英语试题分类汇编：阅读理解1（Word版附答案）

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2023届四川省遂宁市高三二模英语试题
一、阅读理解
Heathfield Day Summer Camp
It’s fr girls aged 7 t 15. Heathfield started its wn Summer Camp fr lcal girls s they culd enjy the high quality activities and sprts that we were already ffering t verseas students n ur Internatinal Summer Schl (ISS). Over the years mre than a thusand girls have attended the camp, many returning year after year and bringing sisters and friends with them. Returning students receive a 10% discunt frm their secnd year. Day girls arrive between 08:45 and 09:15 when activities start. An Early Mrning ptin with Breakfast is available at 08:00. At 5:30 girls are cllected and signed ut by parents r can take ur Late Stay ptin until 6:30.
Heathfield’s teachers ffer the girls a fun-packed and educatinal daily prgram, balancing creative, artistic and sprting skills. Campers are gruped tgether accrding t age and mve tgether between activities. There’re different prgrams fr junir and senir grups.
Girls enjy the pprtunity t spend time as a day girl and as a barder. They can stay frm ne day t fur weeks. But residential stays are fr a minimum f ne week. Each Thursday afternn we invite parents t an exhibitin r shw t see what the girls are ding. The exhibitins include ckery, art, craft and phtgraphy in weeks 1 and 3, and in weeks 2 and 4, music, dance and drama shws take place. Tw r three afternns a week girls mix with the students frm the ISS and take part in sprts and games.
There’s an hur’s lunch break. Our dining-rm service ffers a great range f ht and cld dishes.
1．What d we knw abut Heathfield Day Summer Camp?
A．Its arrangements are flexible.
B．It ffers participants 10% ff.
C．Its prgrams are the same fr grups.
D．It limits the number f participants.
2．What des Heathfield d t the camper?
A．Advise them t stay as barders.
B．Frbid them t g ut n weekdays.
C．Call n them t be independent.
D．Divide them int different grups.
3．What may Tina’s parents d at Heathfield n Thursday f Week 2?
A．Pay a visit t the ISS.
B．Have dinner with her.
C．See her dancing.
D．Take physical exercise.
It was a histry-making mment at Miller ＆ Miller’s Canadiana ＆Decrative Arts auctin (拍卖) when the hammer finally came dwn fr a rare Maud Lewis painting.
Lewis was a Canadian artist wh painted brightly clred scenes. She sld her paintings by the side f the rad fr $2 t $3. Painting wasn’t easy, since she suffered frm a physical challenge that made mving painful. Jhn Kinnear, als an artist, struck up a friendship with the then-little-knwn Lewis after reading an article abut her. He mailed her bxes f painting supplies. At the time, Lewis, with her husband, lived in a ne-rm huse with n electricity r running water, using simple huse paint t paint. After receiving the supplies, Lewis wrte back insisting n repaying him with sme f her paintings. Kinnear sld sme f them, sending sme mney back t Lewis and using the remainder t buy her mre paint.
Kinnear was friends with Irene and Tny Demas, wh wned a restaurant where he ate lunch every day. One day, Kinnear tld them he had sme paintings by an artist and wndered if they might cnsider swapping a few grilled cheese lunches fr ne f them. “When we saw the paintings, we were shcked, and bth f us were hesitant,” recalls Irene. “I had never seen anything like them. They were s childlike, with cats and cws.” But they ended up agreeing t the trade, chsing a painting called Black Truck.
Over 50 years later, they’re lng retired and are nw cnsidering travelling mre. They hped t sell the painting. In the years since Lewis died, her paintings have becme famus. But it was a recent scare that really urged them int actin. After having nn-glare glass added t the painting, the business street where the framer lived burned t the grund just days after they picked up their painting. “We saw that Miller & Miller had sld ne nt lng ag,” says Irene. “We trusted the Miller brthers.”
Recently, the painting was sld at auctin fr $350, 000.
4．Why did Jhn Kinnear send Lewis bxes f painting supplies?
A．T get her paintings.
B．T ffer her assistance.
C．T make friends with her.
D．T learn t paint frm her.
5．Hw did Irene and Tny Demas feel when they first saw Lewis’s paintings?
A．Disappinted.
B．Cnfused.
C．Panicked.
D．Embarrassed.
6．What was the real reasn fr the Demas’ selling “Black Truck”?
A．They were frced by Miller & Miller.
B．They were desperate fr mney t travel.
C．They feared the unexpected wuld happen.
D．They thught the painting wuld lse value.
7．What is the purpse f this text?
A．T intrduce a painting’s adventures.
B．T explain a trend in art cllecting.
C．T expand the painting market.
D．T recmmend an auctin huse.
In 2022, 61 cmpanies in the United Kingdm (UK) tk part in the wrld’s largest test f a fur-day wrk week.
The pilt prgram, cnducted in the UK, guided ver 60 cmpanies and almst 3, 000 wrkers thrugh a six-mnth trial f a 4 day week, with n lss f pay fr wrkers. Overall results shw that almst every rganizatin will stick t a 4-day week pst-trial, with 91% definitely cntinuing r planning t cntinue, and a further 4% leaning twards cntinuing.
Cmpanies rated their verall experience f the trials an average f 8. 5/10, with business prductivity and business perfrmance each scring 7. 5/10. Prfits rse by 35% ver the trial perids when cmpared t similar perids frm the previus year and hiring increased while absenteeism decreased.
Lead researcher, Prfessr Juliet Schr f Bstn Cllege bserved an encuraging cnsistency in the data. “Results are largely steady acrss wrkplaces f varying sizes, shwing it wrks fr many types f rganizatins. There are als sme interesting differences. We fund that emplyees in nn-prfits and prfessinal services had a larger average increase in time spent exercising, while thse in cnstructin enjyed the largest reductins in burnut and sleep prblems,” she said. Getting the carbn ftprint dwn is als encuraging, with cmmuting (通勤) time falling by a half bur per week.
Hw did wrkers d mre in less time? Sme cmpanies cut meetings, r made sure they were shrter. Others used technlgy t help wrkers get mre dne quickly. Sme cmpanies created a “fcus time” s wrkers culd wrk n just ne thing withut being interrupted.
In general, wrkers said the fur-day wrk week left them feeling less tired. Abut 71% said they felt less “burnt ut” with their new wrk hurs, and 39% said they felt less stressed. On average, 73% f the wrkers were mre satisfied with the time they spent wrking.
8．Which f the fllwing best describes the experiment?
A．Cntrversial.
B．Ambitius.
C．Eventful.
D．Successful.
9．What can we say abut the fur-day wrk week?
A．It’s a ne-sided mve.
B．It’s what technlgy brings.
C．I’s envirnmentally friendly.
D．It’s unfit fr big cmpanies.
10．What are the statistics in the last paragraph abut?
A．Wrking habits.
B．Jy at wrk.
C．Health management.
D．Business perfrmance.
11．Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Mnday-Friday Mdel Is Outdated
B．Gd Health Is Gd Business
C．4-Day Wrkweek Trial Finishes
D．4-Day Wrkweek Culd Be Cming
Ever been hungry enugh t eat a huse? Nw, yu actually culd.
Fd waste is a big prblem in Japan and glbally. Japan prduced arund 5. 7 millin tns f fd waste in 2019. The gvernment plans t reduce that by arund 2. 7 millin tns by 2030. Tky University researchers Kta Machida and Yuya Sakai have develped a way t transfrm fd waste int cement (水泥) fr cnstructin use and mre. This is the first-ever prcess created fr making cement entirely frm fd waste. The researchers say their prduct is fur times as strng as traditinal cncrete. This particular cement can be used t make things like tea cups r chairs as well. Hwever, there’s ne additinal feature-it’s als edible (可食的).
Kta and Yuya are the intelligence behind the frmatin f Fabula Inc., a cmpany with purpses f reducing fd waste, and helping fight glbal warming.
As expected, smething this unique tk years t develp. It tk a few attempts t find just the right prcess. Kta and Yuya created the unique technlgy while researching pssible envirnmentally- friendly materials t replace cement-based cncrete. Cement prductin accunts fr 8% f the wrld’s carbn dixide emissins.
After a few failures, they realized they culd get the cement t bind (黏合) by adjusting the temperatures. “The mst challenging part was that each type f fd waste requires different temperatures,” Yuya said. S the researchers had t bserve them and respnd in time. In the experiments, Kta and Yuya have successfully made cement using tea leaves, cffee grunds, cabbage and even lunchbx leftvers.
Fabula Inc. is currently wrking t make tea cups and furniture, but Yuya is thinking a little bit bigger. Their prduct culd prvide relief in the frm f edible emergency shelters in disaster nes “Fr example, if fd cannt be delivered t the peple, they culd eat makeshift beds made ut f fd cement,” he said. T eat the material, a persn needs t break it apart and bil it.
12．Which is ne f Kta and Yuya’ purpses in making use f fd waste?
A．T ffer Fabula Inc. mre cement.
B．T prduce building materials.
C．T warn hw serius fd waste is.
D．T extend cncrete’s service life.
13．What did Kta and Yuya assess previusly abut making edible cement?
A．Its damage t the envirnment.
B．Its cst f recycling the cement.
C．Its difficulties they wuld face.
D．Its ppularity amng the public.
14．What made the experiment f making cement ut f fd waste harder?
A．Making sure t make cement tasty.
B．Selecting crrect fd waste timely.
C．Getting cement brken apart easily.
D．Regulating the temperatures cnstantly.
15．What des the underlined wrd “makeshift” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Temprary.
B．Strng.
C．Bendable.
D．Cmmercial.
2023届四川省南充市高三二诊英语试题
一、阅读理解
Starting a new bk can feel like a bit f a cmmitment, but it desn’t have t be! Here are fur bks yu can read in a single day.
The Huse n Mang Street
Released in 1984 and written by Mexican-American authr Sandra Cisners, The Huse n Mang Street is nly 103 pages lng. It’s a rapid read fr thse lking t dip their tes int the water, but it still deals with cmplex themes and imprtant subject matters including language, race, ageing and trubles.
The Midnight Library
The Midnight Library frm the English authr Matt Haig was released in 2020. It’s 288 pages, which makes it a little mre challenging but still abslutely dable in a single day. The nvel is all abut strytelling, with Nra Seed explring the “what ifs” f her life.
The Perilus Life f Jade Ye
Released in 2012 and written by the fantastic Malaysian-English authr Zen Ch, the page cunt is an extremely manageable 76 pages, which makes this anther effective first read in ne day. The nvel is set in Lndn in the 1920s and fllws the life f anther writer, Jade Ye. There is even enugh time fr readers t appreciate a film adaptatin f the bk after reading it.
Stardust
The 1999 nvel by English authr Neil Gaiman is a perfect presentatin f the writer’s fantasy stylings at their best. Stardust, which became a majr mtin picture, sits at 256 pages. It’s epic in its scale, but the reader can fit the nvel int a single day, giving them a true sense f abslute escapism t the fantasy land f Strmhld.
1．What is NOT invlved in the bk written by Sandra Cisners?
A．Language.B．Race.C．LiteratureD．Grwing ld
2．Which bk is a bit mre difficult t finish in a day?
A．The Huse n Mang Street.
B．The Midnight Library
C．The Perilus Life f Jade Ye.
D．Stardust
3．What d The Perilus Life f Jade Ye and Stardust have in cmmn?
A．They are bth set in Lndn.
B．They are bth intended fr fantasy readers.
C．They were bth made int a film.
D．The characters in the tw bks are fictinal.
Fr years, I lived ut f a suitcase, ever ready t get n a flight whenever I gt a chance. Discvering the wrld thrugh the eyes f a writer, I diligently added nte t every experience, cmmitting it t paper fr when memry faded. I was always eager fr the next destinatin.
Hwever, the pandemic brught all my flights f fancy t a sudden halt, as it did fr everyne else. With the wrld lcked dwn fr mnths, the desire fr travel in me waned. What place was better than hme? But what really was hme?
I was brn in the cstal city f Mumbai. Having lived here fr 15 years, there were parts I knew at length and lved, and thers beynd my cmfrt zne, which I hadn’t explred. I decided t becme a turist, seeing the city anew thrugh the eyes f a visitr, rather than my bred nes as a lcal. I went n a sunset cruise fr the first time n a tiny sailbat n the magical Arabian Sea.
But mst f the time we spent indrs. The United Natins Wrld Turism Organizatin said the biggest challenge f pandemic travel is the uncertainty and the different rules in different cuntries t bey.
I finally gt n a plane t make it t the clsest destinatin pssible t us by flight—the sunshine state f Ga, less than an hur away frm Mumbai. Putting my te int sft pwdery sand was precius, even after a lifetime r extic travel. After a week f bliss n the beach, thugh, I was relieved t be back hme.
Ever since, I have made a few shrt jurneys but the travel bug seems t have been put dwn, at least fr nw. But even as turists will be flcking all ver as revenge travel takes ver, I have realized that there is n place quite like hme.
4．What des the underlined wrd “waned” mean in paragraph 2?
A．Appeared.B．Paused.C．Declined.D．Climbed.
5．What is the biggest challenge t travel during the pandemic time?
A．The crwded traffic in certain destinatins.
B．Peple’s fear f being infected by the viruses.
C．The high cst f travelling in such a special time.
D．The different plicies t bserve in different natins.
6．Which statement is NOT crrect accrding t the text?
A．The extic travel is better than that f at hme.
B．The authr used t have great passin fr travelling
C．The authr felt relaxed after a week f fun n the beach
D．The authr explred his/her city frm a new perspective
7．Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．My Travelling Thirst Satisfied at Hme
B．My Desire fr Travelling in the Pandemic
C．My Revenge Travelling after the Pandemic
D．Challenges f Travelling Taken at Hme
Frm little hummingbirds (蜂鸟) t big wild geese, rughly half f the wrld’s mre than 10, 000 bird species migrate. Lnger wings and strng flying muscles ften help these birds fly in the air fr a lng distance. But a new study f nearly all bird species suggests many migratrs share anther unexpected flight aid: lighter-clred feathers.
Researchers say that having mre lightly clred feathers than nn-migrating birds may help these lng-distance flyers stay cl as they wrk hard under the ht sun t fly.
It’s knwn that clr can help birds hide frm sme dangerus animals which can hunt them as fd, r attract mates by standing ut. But clr has delicate effects t, including regulating temperature by absrbing r reflecting light, says Kaspar Delhey. Fr example, bird eggs laid in clder climates tend t be darker, which may help keep them warm.
Migrating birds push their bdies t the physilgical limit, which creates mre heat. Sme species dealing with the prblem by flying t cler air during daytime. “If verheating is a prblem in migratry birds, anther way f dealing with that wuld be t evlve lighter clrs that absrb less heat,” Delhey says.
Delhey and his clleagues analyzed ver 20, 000 pictures f 10, 618 bird species, ranking wing lightness fr each species and cmparing that with hw far the birds fly. On average, lightness slightly increased with migratry distance, the team fund. The lngest-distance migratrs were abut 4 percent lighter than n-migratrs, an effect that wasn’t explained by size, climate r habitat type fr different species.
“It’s nt a big difference,” Delhey says, nting that many migratrs are darkly clred, perhaps fr reasns unrelated t flight. But the trend was significantly cnsistent.
8．What advantage f the migratrs is beynd peple’s knwledge?
A．They have large grups.
B．They have lnger wings.
C．They have strng bdies.
D．They have lighter-clred feathers.
9．Why des the authr mentin the example f the bird eggs?
A．T indicate that the dark clrs can reflect light.
B．T explain why birds keep eggs warm in cld climates.
C．T prve that clr plays a rle in adjusting temperatures.
D．T shw hw clr helps birds avid being seen by hunters.
10．What prblem d migratrs have t deal with during migratin?
A．The lack f fd.
B．The lng distance.
C．The cler and cler climate.
D．The increasing bdy temperature.
11．Hw did the researchers get their cnclusin?
A．By checking figures.
B．By making cmparisns.
C．By making questinnaires.
D．By drawing pictures.
In principle, it sunds simple: eat less and mve mre. This dietary advice fr handling besity has been arund fr decades. Yet, despite all the calrie cunting, dieting and exercising, wrldwide besity rates just keep saring up. In a recent paper, researchers questin the basic assumptin f whether taking in mre calries than yu burn really is the primary cause f besity. They argue that the evidence actually pints the ther way: we are driven t vereat because we are getting fatter.
This may seem incredible, but cnsider the rapid adlescent grwth. As their grwth rate speeds up, teenagers may eat much mre than they used t. Des this “vereating” cause the rapid grwth?
Or des the rapid grwth make teens hungrier s they eat mre? Clearly the latter, as adults wn’t grw taller, n matter hw much they eat. A few hurs after eating a high-carb meal, the number f calries in the bld stream drps dramatically, s we get hungrier sner. Frm this perspective, the difficulty resisting hunger that s many dieters have isn’t a sign f pr discipline, but rather a bilgical prblem invlving hw ur bdies distribute the calries we cnsume. A lw-calrie, lw-fat diet further restricts an already limited supply f energy, wrsening hunger withut addressing the underlying tendency t stre t many calries in bdy fat. Cnsequently, weight lss becmes a battle between mind and metablism (新陈代谢) that mst peple will prbably lse.
Althugh much mre research will be needed t test this cntrversial idea, it is time t questin the basic assumptins abut cause and effect, calries and weight gain that have dminated ur thinking fr decades.
12．What can be inferred frm the first paragraph?
A．It is extremely tugh t deal with verweight.
B．Eating less and mving mre will make yu lse weight.
C．We are frced t eat mre fd because we are getting fatter.
D．Taking in mre calries than yu burn is the main cause f besity.
13．Why is it difficult fr dieters t resist hunger accrding t the text?
A．Because the dieters are fnd f eating a high-carb meal.
B．Because sme f the dieters are weak in self-discipline.
C．Because the number f calries in the bld drps dramatically.
D．Because the case is mre related t the distributin f calries taken in.
14．What can we learn abut a lw-calrie, lw-fat diet accrding t Paragraph 3?
A．It causes peple t feel hungrier.
B．It slves the tendency fr t much fat.
C．It prvides the energy peple need.
D．It makes peple lse their metablism.
15．What is the authr’s attitude twards the cause and effect between calries and weight gain?
A．Supprtive.B．Dubtful.C．Objective.D．Indifferent.
2023届四川省宜宾市高三下学期第二次诊断考试英语试题
一、阅读理解
TAYKA HOTEL DE SAL
Yu’ve stayed at htels made f brick r wd. But salt? Tayka Htel de Sal,Tahua, Blivia is made mstly f salt, including sme beds－thugh yu’ll sleep with regular mattresses and blankets. The htel, abut $130 a night, sits n the brder f Salar de Uyuni. It’s a prehistric dried-up lake and the wrld’s biggest salt flat. Builders use the salt frm the ver 4,000-square-mile flat t make the bricks and glue them tgether with a paste f wet salt. The wet salt will harden when it dries. When rain starts t disslve the htel, it’s n prblem: the wners just mix up mre salt paste t strengthen the bricks.
COOL THINGS ABOUT BOLIVIA
During rainy summer mnths, Blivia’s Salar de Uyuni salt flat lks like a giant mirrr.
The bus statin in La Paz was designed by Gustav Eiffel. He als designed the Eiffel Twer and the Statue f Liberty.
Every August in Blivia, dgs are hnred during the Feast f St. Rch.
THINGS TO DO IN BOLIVIA
Enjy a salte－a baked pastry filled with spicy meat－frm a street vender in Cchabamba.
Take a bat t Isla del Sl, an island in Lake Titicaca. Mtrized vehicles aren’t allwed there.
Walk up t the Gate f the Sun, a huge stne drway built by the ancient Tiwanaku culture.
Dance with thusands f masked and cstumed perfrmers at the Carnival de Orur.
1．What kind f feature des Tayka Htel de Sal have?
A．It is built largely ut f salt.
B．It is at a very high altitude.
C．It is firm in rainy days.
D．It is attractive in price and quality.
2．What can we learn abut Blivia?
A．Blivia is abundant in natural resurces.
B．The peple in Blivia prbably respect dgs.
C．Mtr vehicles are prhibited everywhere.
D．Blivian buildings were designed by Gustav Eiffel .
3．What can visitrs d in Blivia?
A．They can study Tiwanaku culture.
B．They can ck lcal cuisines in persn.
C．They can travel t Isla del Sl by bat.
D．They can sing with natives at the Carnival.
Sachin za always seemed t catch whatever cld and flu germs were flying arund. Despite being nly in his mid-thirties, he felt ut f shape and ut f srts. He realized that if he didn’t make sme changes, his immune functin wuld cntinue wrsening with age. “I have a family backgrund f diabetes, high chlesterl, and heart disease,” adds Oza. “I had t take actin.”
But Oza’s lifestyle std in the way. He clcked lng days wrking in finance in Lndn, with little pprtunity t be active r fcus n his well-being. His cmmute frm his hme in Orpingtn, Kent, t the ffice was stressful and time-cnsuming, and he was spending far t many hurs stuck behind his desk.
Oza’s increasingly sedentary (久坐不动的) lifestyle had repercussins. In additin t catching bugs easily, he lacked energy, his bdy ached, and he felt lethargic. “My immune system was really weak,” recalls Oza. “I knew that I shuldn’t be feeling this way befre even hitting 40.”
S he began a 15-year jurney t examine his health fully. He cnducted sme changes t his diet, intrducing mre raw fruits and vegetables and cutting dwn n junk fd. He started ging fr runs and began regular training, resistance training, and stretching. He als became interested in mindfulness, practising deep-breathing and meditatin.
Nw 49, Oza feels like a new man. “I catch clds far less frequently than befre,” he says. His aches and pains have eased, his stress levels are lwer, and he sleeps sundly. “I n lnger wake up in the early hurs, which has made a huge difference in hw I feel.”
There are many factrs affecting the immune system that we can’t cntrl — ageing weakens ur immune functin, fr example, and we have individual genetic differences that affect hw we deal with diseases.
4．What was the barrier fr Oza t make changes befre?
A．His immune system.
B．His family backgrund.
C．His unfavurable lifestyle.
D．His weak health situatin.
5．What des the underlined wrd “lethargic” mean?
A．Puzzled.B．Sleepy.C．Uncnfident.D．Energetic.
6．Hw has Oza regained health?
A．By taking a 15-year jurney.
B．By giving up his jb in Lndn.
C．By eating raw fruits and vegetables.
D．By changing diets and keeping training.
7．What d yu think f Oza accrding t his experience?
A．Busy.B．Determined.C．Intelligent.D．Dull.
Nise pllutin is ne f the serius yet least recgnized health threats f ur time. Nise increase risks f heart disease, cgnitive damage and develpmental delays. Nw, scientists are revealing that nn-humans, t, suffer frm nise pllutin and that they are far mre sensitive than humans. Als, marine animals see and sense the wrld thrugh sund, which travels farther underwater than light. But scientists are nw revealing that a vast range f marine creatures are extremely sensitive t sund. The range f negative effects caused by marine nise pllutin is astnishing: delayed develpment, slw grwth etc.
Aquatic (水生的) plants are highly sensitive t sund. Take marine seagrass fr example, just like frests n land, seagrass is a carbn sink, cntributing t stabilizing ur glbal climate. In the past few decades, seagrass meadws the size f the Amazn have vanished. Climate change, pllutin, bat anchrs and the building f seawalls and harbrs are all likely factrs. As researchers at the Technical University f Catalnia have recently discvered, we can nw add nise pllutin t this list f threats. When the scientists expsed a sample f Mediterranean seagrass t pwerful blast-level sund, the seagrass was severely damaged.
Their sensitive hearing is an advantage in the dark depths f the cean, but it makes aquatic rganisms very vulnerable. Lud underwater sunds can damage r destry their hearing ability. These effects ccur at much lwer intensities (强度) f sund than are knwn t be damaging t animals n land.
These findings stress the vast threat that marine nise pllutin pses t ur ceans. As ffshre peratins - frm seabed mining t il and gas and renewable energy cnstructin - are increasing, little thught has been given t nise pllutin. While expsure limitatin levels haven’t yet been determined, it is clear that this emerging science will lead t new restrictins n the permitting and peratins f marine industrial and shipping activities.
8．What’s the main idea f paragraph 1?
A．Nise pllutin is the mst serius pllutin.
B．Nise pllutin hardly influences marine creatures .
C．Nise pllutin is regarded as the cause f diseases.
D．Nise pllutin harms humans and marine creatures.
9．What is the functin f marine seagrass?
A．It has high sensitivity t light.
B．It can keep glbal climate stable.
C．It can adjust aquatic rganisms.
D．It has weak hearing ability.
10．Why is aquatic plants’ hearing ability easily damaged?
A．Because it’s sensitive t the intensities f underwater sunds.
B．Because humans have develped ceans quickly.
C．Because there is lack f light in the deep cean.
D．Because aquatic plants grw rather slwly.
11．What can be inferred frm the text?
A．Marine nise pllutin will prbably be imprved.
B．The restrictins n marine nise has been perated.
C．Ocean transprtatin and fishery will be frbidden.
D．The cean will be sharply threatened by nise pllutin.
Over the years I have been fascinated t read abut studies int the pwer f tuch. One famus study examined vide ftage f hw peple respnded t thse near them wh had been the victim f a crime. Observing their reactin and cmparing their behavirs in nn-human primates, researchers fund that there are striking similarities between the ways that humans and primates such as chimpanzees cmfrt ne anther and demnstrate cmpassin and care.
But t me, it als speaks abut the imprtance f clseness and intimacy. Anther study fund that hlding hands t cmfrt a lved ne can actually reduce their pain. It fund that when peple wh are clse t ne anther hld hands, their bdies synchrnize (同步) their heart rate and breathing rate. Perhaps we shuldn’t be surprised, as we have knwn fr many years abut the imprtance f tuch. It symblizes safety and lve which is ne f the mst imprtant aspects fr develpment as a child. Is it any wnder that, when we are upset, distressed and vulnerable as adults, we seek ut the same thing?
The value f tuch was demnstrated by a series f disturbing experiments n mnkeys back in the 1950s by Harry Harlw, an American psychlgist. His wrk shwed the incrediable drive fr warmth and intimacy that we have. In his experiments, he tk yung mnkeys and placed them in different enclsures. When given a chice between a surrgate (替代) “mther” t cling t made f wire mesh that had a ready supply f milk r a warm, sft mther that didn’t prvide any fd, they chse, t everyne’s astnishment, the cmfrt ver fd. This flew in the face f what was expected. Yet this appeared t shw that it was nt fd, but being cmfrted and intimate, that was the mst imprtant. The experiments shwed fr the first time hw vital the feeling f being lved is t us.
12．What can be learned frm paragraph 1?
A．Humans have different behavirs frm chimpanzees befre vilence.
B．Cmparing behavir f humans and primates is necessary.
C．Cmfrting the victims f vilence is imprtant.
D．Humans and primates resemble in sme way.
13．Which example shws the imprtance f clseness and intimacy?
A．Giving an upset child candies can cmfrt him.
B．Observing a victim’s reactin releases his pain.
C．Tuching a patient’s hands can make him less distressed.
D．Hlding the same heart rate illustrates the clse relatinship.
14．Why did the peple feel surprised at the experiment results?
A．Because they fund the mnkeys were nt hungry at all.
B．Because the mnkeys culd cmfrt the surrgate mther.
C．Because the sft mther didn’t prvide any fd fr the mnkeys.
D．Because they always assumed that fd was mst likely t be chsen.
15．What can be the mst suitable title fr the passage?
A．The Pwer f Tuch
B．Hw t Cmfrt a Lved One
C．Hlding Hands Reduces Pain
D．Lve and Safety is Essential
2023届四川省凉山州高三下学期二诊考试英语试题
一、阅读理解
A petry cmpetitin has been launched fr pupils. It invites yung peple t reflect n the “many ways we are cnnected t the universe”. The cmpetitin is aimed at pupils aged 4-18.
Winners will receive a range f ther prizes, including bks and chclate, plus cntinued develpment and caching pprtunities frm the Petry Sciety. The rules are as fllws:
1. The cmpetitin is free t enter. Entries will be accepted frm anywhere in the UK. Entries frm utside the UK are nt accepted. If yu are aged 4-12, yur parents will need t give permissin fr yu t enter.
2. Yur entry must be the riginal wrk f the creatr. Yur wrk is accepted n the basis that this will be its first appearance anywhere in the wrld.
3. Pems must be written in English r Welsh, but yu can include phrases in yur mther tngue r anther language. Pems must nt be lnger than 20 lines. Yu are free t write in any style r frm.
4. Yu may enter either nline via website r by pst t the Petry Sciety, 22 Bettertn Street, Lndn. All nline entries must be received by 23:59 GMT n 19 December 2022. All pems entered by pst must be pst-dated n r befre 19 December 2022.
If yu wuld like t enter nline, please cntinue thrugh the nline system n this website. Email AbutUspetrysciety.rg if yu have prblems with yur submissin.
1．What is the theme f the cmpetitin?
A．Reflectin n the envirnment.
B．Cnnectin t the universe.
C．Yung peple’s passin fr petry.
D．Natinal celebratin f creativity.
2．What is the age range f the participants?
A．4-12.
B．4-18.
C．Over 18.
D．Belw 4.
3．What shuld participants d, accrding t the rules?
A．Enter their riginal wrks.
B．Pay fr their entries.
C．Send their pems by email.
D．Ask their parents fr permissin.
Many African peple have always dreamed that ne day the capitals f all African cuntries will be linked by high-speed railway lines. Nw they have ne step clser t realizing that dream.
On Octber 10, 2016, Africa’s first mdern electrified railway, the Ethipia-Djibuti railway, became fully peratinal. This railway, built by Chinese cmpanies, is the first railway built using a cmplete set f Chinese standards utside China.
But it has nt been easy fr Chinese cmpanies t win Ethipian supprt fr the prject. The Ethipian gvernment nce cnsidered Western standards the best nes. But thanks t China’s utstanding perfrmance in building and managing railways, Chinese firms ended up getting the prject.
“After runds f talks, the Ethipian gvernment came t realize that Chinese standards are nt inferir (次于) t western nes, and mre imprtantly, they best suit the cuntry, ＂ Meng Fengcha, bard chairman f China Railway Cnstructin Crp, tld Xinhua.
This is just anther f China’s recent achievements in railway building. China has the wrld’s lngest railway and they make up a huge 60 percent f the wrld’s ttal. Besides length, China als des well in speed. China is the nly cuntry with trains running at 350 km per hur n lines such as Beijing-Tianjin and Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railways.
Thanks t these achievements, it’s easy t frget that China wasn’t an early starter in the high-speed rail netwrk game. Japan started 50 years ag, while Germany began 20 years ag. China nly launched its high-speed railway14 years ag.
Hw has China’s high-speed railway been able t develp s quickly? The driving frce behind the fast develpment has been the cuntry’s great need fr transprtatin.
“The high-speed railway nt nly cvers the distance, but als cnnects peple, infrmatin and gds, greatly bsting the reginal ecnmy, peple’s lives and turism, ” Huang Xin, an fficial frm China Railway Crpratin, tld China Daily. The high-speed railway has becme the transprtatin f chice fr many Chinese peple. Accrding t China Railway Crp, abut 4, 200 bullet trains run in China each day, meaning that mre than 4. 5 millin passengers can travel.
This is nly the beginning f China’s high -speed railway develpment. The Natinal Develpment and Refrm Cmmissin said that China plans t have 38, 000 km f high-speed railways by 2025.
4．What can be learned abut the Ethipia-Djibuti railway?
A．It was still under cnstructin.
B．It links capitals f several cuntries.
C．It was the first electrified railway in Africa.
D．It was a cmbinatin f Chinese and West standards.
5．What is China’s recent achievement in railway building?
A．China helps many ther cuntries build railway.
B．Chinese standards suit mst f the cuntries in the wrld.
C．China excels at bth the length f railway and speed f trains.
D．China is ne f the cuntries whse trains can run at 350km/h.
6．Which statement is true accrding t the passage?
A．China was the pineer f building high-speed rail netwrks.
B．China spent 14 years building a lngest railway in the wrld.
C．China’s railway accunts fr less than 60% f the wrld’s ttal.
D．China’s great need fr transprtatin has driven railway develpment.
7．Which culd be the best title fr the text?
A．China’s Railways G t the Wrld.
B．The Crpratin between China and Africa.
C．The Railway Develpment in Africa.
D．The Histry f High-speed Railway in the wrld.
Invlving little rte learning, a new teaching apprach is becming ppular where teachers encurage debate and discussin in the classrm. Hw will students cpe with this inspiring style f teaching? One way is thrugh critical thinking, which is a necessary skill.
The easiest way t learn t think critically is t frce yurself t questin everything, accrding t Michael Tabachnick, a physics prfessr at Delaware Valley Cllege. “That des nt mean yu can’t believe, but yu must questin. Is it true? Is it pinin? Is it justified by the fact?. . . Students eventually learn t analyze,” Tabachnick said.
Yung learners cnstantly ask questins because they are curius abut the wrld that remains unknwn t them. But this natural curisity disappears with time.
Hwever, questining yur teachers shuld be encuraged. After all, they are the nes wh have been educated, and have a lt mre experience and knwledge than students.
When I taught in a cllege in Sctland, I enjyed answering students’ questins. Sme f my students psted difficult queries (问题). I didn’t always knw the answers. If I didn’t, I’d admit it and try t find ut later.
I still remember when I was at university, my peers and I were encuraged t challenge each ther and ur prfessrs. A student wuld write a paper n a subject, and fellw students wuld criticize it. It culd be very challenging. But it was a way f develping critical thinking and lgical thinking. Having a lgical mind can help develp critical thinking. Sme peple dn’t have a lgical mind, but they d have emtinal intelligence, which is als imprtant fr critical thinking. Peple with high emtinal intelligence can understand ther peple’s feelings, cmmunicate prperly with them, and read their persnalities. If yu can’t at least try t put yurself in smene else’s shes, hw can yu understand their situatins, their prblems and their issues?
S, try t develp yur pwer f critical thinking. Start with bks, films, music and newspapers. And dn’t believe everything yu read r see. Think fr yurself.
8．Which f the fllwing is an example f an inspiring style f teaching?
A．Students are rganized t have sme discussin.
B．Students are asked t recite sme histrical facts.
C．Students are required t cpy sme histrical facts.
D．Students are quizzed n sme famus peple in histry.
9．Hw can yu develp critical thinking as Michael Tabachnick says?
A．Have a debate n a subject.
B．D nt believe anything.
C．Discuss a tpic with classmates.
D．Ask a questin and analyze.
10．What des the underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 5 refer t?
A．The fault in the answer I gave.
B．The fact that I didn’t knw the answers.
C．The gd questins that students asked.
D．The answers that I needed t find ut later.
11．Hw can emtinal intelligence help critical thinking?
A．Peple with high emtinal intelligence are pen-minded.
B．Peple with high emtinal intelligence are gd at criticizing.
C．High emtinal intelligence helps peple understand thers better.
D．High emtinal intelligence helps peple think in a mre lgical way.
These days, Earth Day is celebrated every year n April 22 in schls and cities acrss the United States. There are class prjects, prgrams, tree plantings and many ther fficial events. S, it may be hard t realize that when it first started, Earth Day was cnsidered a radical (激进的) prtest.
The mdern envirnmental mvement began in the 1960s. It was a time f the generatin gap. Yung peple were acting ut against their parents’ way f life. Cllege campuses were rcked by demnstratin against the war in Vietnam and ther issues. In the middle f this, in 1970, a US senatr (参议员) frm Wiscnsin named Gaylrd Nelsn camp up with the idea fr Earth Day. As he later explained it, the idea was t channel “the student antiwar energy” int the envirnmental cause.
A lt f yung peple felt that science was the enemy. This was in spite f the fact that a lt f the peple wh were warning the public abut air and water pllutin and animals in danger were scientists. After all, wasn’t it technlgy- cars, husing develpments and factries-that was causing the prblem by spreading pllutin and destrying nature? Sme adults wh had thught Earth Day supprters had gne t far made fun f them. They called them “tree huggers”.
Envirnmentalists were right that technlgy had t be cntrlled. Laws and regulatins were needed t make sure that bth industry and science acted respnsibly. Still, science gt a bad name. It was as if yu had t chse either science r nature. Yu culdn’t have bth.
Lately, thugh, the situatin has changed. We have cme t see that science and the envirnment d nt have t be enemies. Technlgy can be used t prtect the envirnment, nt destry it. Lk at all the advances in clean energy that have cme frm science. Just as Earth Day has evlved, s has ur view f science and nature. We knw tday that we d nt have t chse between the tw. Instead, we understand that science is ne f the main tls we can use t prtect the envirnment. Yu can be a scientist and a “tree hugger”. That’s big advancement fr science and great news fr trees.
12．What can peple usually d n Earth Day?
A．Cut dwn trees.
B．Jin in a prtest.
C．Launch an investigatin.
D．Cmplete a class prject.
13．Why did Gaylrd Nelsn suggest celebrating Earth Day?
A．T encurage yung students t prtect nature.
B．T direct the public’s attentin t envirnmental changes.
C．T take students’ attentin away frm antiwar demnstratin.
D．T narrw the generatin gap between yung peple and their parents.
14．What did sme adults think f “tree huggers”?
A．T extreme.
B．Quite ratinal.
C．Very knwledgeable.
D．Really cnsiderate.
15．Which statement is supprted by the authr?
A．Peple have t chse either science r nature.
B．Nwadays science can serve t prtect the envirnment.
C．Science has been playing a psitive part the whle time.
D．The develpment f science des harm t the envirnment.
2023届四川省成都市高中毕业班第二次诊断性检测英语试题
一、阅读理解
Hw d yu decide which charities t supprt? If a charity receives a high ranking, it must be effective at meeting its missin. Therefre, we pick sme internatinal charities that rank A+ in terms f financial health, accuntability, and transparency.
Internatinal Children’s Fund
The missin f the Internatinal Children’s Fund (ICF) is t cme t the aid f needy children wrldwide since 1987. This charity distributes life-saving fd, clthing, and medicine and it supprts the cnstructin f rphanages, schls, churches and vcatinal training centers acrss the African cntinent. ICF uses an impressive 99.7 percent f its funding fr prjects.
Direct Relief
With a histry f ver 7 decades, Direct Relief (DR) is a humanitarian rganizatin with a missin t imprve the health and lives f peple affected by pverty and emergencies. DR’s assistance prgrams fcus n emergency preparedness and disaster relief, disease preventin and treatment f the mst vulnerable ppulatins. DR uses a 99.4 percent f its funding fr prgrams.
MAP Internatinal
Since its fundatin in 1954, MAP has served millins f peple. Its missin is t prvide medicines and health supplies t thse in need arund the wrld s they might experience life t the fullest. At present, MAP is respnding t recent emergencies that include areas hit by earthquakes r hurricanes, as well as helping refugees. Cntributins g a lng way here; a $25 dnatin prvides $1,500 f medicine. A ntable 99 percent f its funding is used fr aid prgrams.
Bks fr Africa
Bks fr Africa rganizatin cllects, srts, ships and distributes bks that are dnated by publishers, schls, libraries, rganizatins, and individuals. Vlunteers chse bks that are age and subject apprpriate. Enugh bks fr entire classes are sent. T date, 41 millin bks have been distributed t nce-empty libraries and rural schls in every African cuntry. This rganizatin, funded 35 years ag, als uses 99 percent f its funding fr its missins.
1．What des MAP fcus n?
A．Building schls.
B．Imprving peple’s fitness.
C．Preventing natural disasters.
D．Supplying studying materials.
2．Which charity has the lngest histry?
A．Direct Relief.
B．Bks fr Africa.
C．MAP Internatinal.
D．Internatinal Children’s Fund.
3．What d the listed charities have in cmmn?
A．The peple wh funded them.
B．The regin they ffer help t.
C．The rganizatin that spnsrs them.
D．The reputatin they enjy wrldwide.
Chinese ink paintings nce were n the edge f being frgtten-at least accrding t a paper f Li Xiashan, a pstgraduate art student.
At the time, many Chinese painting prfessinals passed away withut finding yunger artists t fill their shes. Yung artists were left n their wn t find breakthrughs and define themselves as artists. While extremely exaggerated (夸张), Li’s cmment sent shck waves thrugh the Chinese painting cmmunity. Since then, many experimental painters have taken t their studis in China, creating many astnishing and inspiratinal ink paintings using new methds and cncepts, marking an imprtant step fr the develpment f cntemprary Chinese paintings.
Sha Ge is a representative f this new frm. Brn t an rdinary family in Beijing in 1962, Sha was keen n traditinal Chinese paintings. As a child, he spent much f his time staring at the ink masterpieces in the Palace Museum. There was an elder neighbr, wh was gd at Chinese painting and calligraphy. In his spare time, the kind elder talked abut traditinal Chinese culture t yung Sha. Sme years later, Sha decided t study painting after graduating frm high schl. After graduating in the Beijing Arts and Crafts Schl in 1978, Sha was sent t wrk at a small crafts factry. Befre lng, the factry went bankrupt. Sha later passed an exam and became a painter fr RngBa Zhai, a famus Chinese art gallery established in 1672.This career jump allwed Sha t springbard int a lifetime f ink paintings.
“At first, I just drew everything-landscapes, figures, flwers, birds, and fish,” Sha said. “But I sn fund sticking t traditinal thughts and skills f Chinese paintings wuld be a brake n my develpment as a prfessinal painter. Fr this reasn, I decided t innvate my wn style.”
4．What d the underlined wrds “fill their shes” mean in Paragraph 2?
A．Calm them dwn.
B．Ask them fr help.
C．Fcus n themselves.
D．Take ver their rles.
5．What des Paragraph 3 mainly intrduce abut Sha Ge?
A．His jurney t art.
B．His family backgrund.
C．His neighbr’s influence.
D．His passin fr learning.
6．What will be prbably talked abut in the next paragraph?
A．Peple’s view f Sha’s painting.
B．Sha’s impact n Chinese painting.
C．The develpment f traditinal painting.
D．Sha’s successful experiment in painting.
7．In which clumn f a newspaper can this text prbably be fund?
A．Fashin.B．Feature.C．Educatin.D．Literature.
Sme Italian architects have cmpleted the first 3D-printed hme made frm clay recently. It is called TECLA, which cmes frm “technlgy” and “clay”.
Its funder, Mari Cucinella, pints ut that building hmes frm earth is nt new. Adbe-made frm a mix f earth, water and rganic material-is ne f the wrld’s earliest cnstructin materials, knwn fr its firmness, and bi-degradability. He hpes that its design can becme a practical ptin t huse peple wh lack adequate husing due t financial issues.
Over the past few years, many 3D-printed hmes and cmmunities have been cnceptualized, prmising lw cnstructin csts. But while previus structures were built using cncrete r plastic, TECLA was mainly built frm sil at the site mixed with water and fibers frm rice husks. Cucinella believes this apprach can be adpted in different parts f the wrld, using whatever lcal materials are available, and culd be particularly helpful in remte areas, where industrial cnstructin materials are harder t cme by.
Printing with clay has its drawbacks. It’s a much slwer prcess than quick-drying cncrete 3D-printed hmes and all-clay skyscrapers are nt likely in the future. Hwever, the use f available sil and the prgram’s ease f cnstructin mean that TECLA culd be well-suited t prvide husing in many different cuntries. It is estimated that by 2030, 3 billin peple will require access t accessible and affrdable residences. “Yu can build this kind f huse in many mre places when yu are nt dependent n sme specific prduct,” Cucinella explained.
TECLA has drawn wide attentin. “I’m nt in the psitin t say this will be the future f all huses n the planet, “Russ, anther 3D-printing architect said. Hwever, he added, “I think this revlutin f 3D printing is t give peple a degree f freedm in hw t d things, withut being cnnected t a big, prfessinal industry.”
8．What’s the purpse f TECLA?
A．T make 3D-printed hmes firmer.
B．T assist in slving husing issues.
C．T prvide alternatives fr huse buyers.
D．T help the pr thrugh financial difficulty.
9．What can we learn abut the cnstructin f TECLA?
A．It’s quite expensive.
B．It takes a shrter time.
C．It’s a demanding prcess.
D．It’s flexible in material selectin.
10．What is Russ’s attitude t TECLA?
A．Favrable.B．Critical.C．Dubtful.D．Tlerant.
11．What’s the text mainly abut?
A．A design that can replace the previus patterns.
B．A technlgy that takes the lead in architecture.
C．A structure where traditin meets new technlgy.
D．A trend where technlgy is cupled with architecture.
In 2007 a team led by Stefan Rahmstrf cmpared actual bservatins with predictins made by theretical mdels fr three key climate indicatrs: carbn dixide, glbal temperature and sea-level rise. While the predictins gt CO2 levels right, they were lw fr real temperature and sea-level rise.
Climate scientists have a surprising habit: They ften underestimate the climate threat. The articles reprting the underestimates have been widely cited, s ne might think that scientists have taken crrective steps. But recent studies f Arctic warming suggest that the prblem may nt have gne away. As plar ice melts because f glbal warming, the Arctic Ocean absrbs mre heat, which causes the Arctic t warm even mre. It shuld surprise n ne that the area is warming fast. Yet scientists have been caught ff-guard by just hw fast the regin is heating up.
In 2013, a paper was published pinting ut that these underestimates represent subcnscius bias (偏向) caused by defensiveness. Scientists tended tward lwer and misleading predictin because they did nt want t be accused f making dramatic and verstressed claims. Even nw scientists cntinue t be accused f verestimating climate risks by wrrying figures which get much media attentin, thus biasing their mdels t be unrealistically cnservative.
If scientists have underestimated Arctic warming, they have likely minimized amunts f permafrst (永久冻土) melting and methane (甲烷) release as well. And that culd be truly dire because the permafrst hlds abut 1.5 billin tns f rganic carbn, twice as much as nw in the atmsphere. Were that carbn t be rapidly released, it culd cause a picture: a runaway greenhuse effect. Whatever the cause, it’s time that scientists lked seriusly at whether their measuring mdels cntinue t underestimate critical aspects f the climate prblem. Lw estimates can create the false impressin that we have mre time t fix the prblem than we actually d.
12．Why is Rahmstrf’s research in Paragraph 1 mentined?
A．T highlight the urgency in glbal warming.
B．T shw the inaccuracy f climate predictins.
C．T state the imprtance f precise measurement.
D．T express the difficulty in making right plicies.
13．Why d climate scientists always underestimate climate threats?
A．They are misled by the statistics.
B．Their reprts have been widely cited.
C．They want t avid blame fr causing anxiety.
D．They aim t defend themselves frm fake infrmatin.
14．What des the underlined wrd “dire” in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A．Disastrus.B．Cnfusing.C．Impressive.D．Discuraging.
15．What’s the best title f this text?
A．The Arctic Ocean Is Calling fr Help
B．Climate Scientists Are Under Fire
C．The Warming Pace Is Underestimated
D．Climate Predictins Prve Crrect
参考答案
2023届四川省遂宁市高三二模英语试题
1．A 2．D 3．C
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍希斯菲尔德日间夏令营活动。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Day girls arrive between 08:45 and 09:15 when activities start. An Early Mrning ptin with Breakfast is available at 08:00. At 5:30 girls are cllected and signed ut by parents r can take ur Late Stay ptin until 6:30. (走读生在活动开始的08:45到09:15之间到达。08:00提供带早餐的早餐选项。在5:30，女孩会被家长接走并签名，或者可以选择在6:30之前入住。)”可知，夏令营的安排很灵活。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“There’re different prgrams fr junir and senir grups. (初级组和高级组有不同的项目。)”可知，希斯菲尔德日间夏令营会把参加夏令营的孩子们分组。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Each Thursday afternn we invite parents t an exhibitin r shw t see what the girls are ding. The exhibitins include ckery, art, craft and phtgraphy in weeks 1 and 3, and in weeks 2 and 4, music, dance and drama shws take place. (每周四下午，我们都会邀请家长参加一个展览或展览，看看女孩们在做什么。展览包括第一周和第三周的烹饪、艺术、工艺和摄影，第二周和第四周的音乐、舞蹈和戏剧表演。)”可知，第二周的周四，家长们可以去看孩子们的音乐、舞蹈和戏剧表演。故选C。
4．B 5．A 6．C 7．A
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍在米勒和米勒的加拿大装饰艺术拍卖会上，一幅罕见的莫德·刘易斯画作终于落槌的事情。
4．推理判断题。根据第二段“Lewis was a Canadian artist wh painted brightly clred scenes. She sld her paintings by the side f the rad fr $2 t $3. Painting wasn’t easy, since she suffered frm a physical challenge that made mving painful. Jhn Kinnear, als an artist, struck up a friendship with the then-little-knwn Lewis after reading an article abut her. He mailed her bxes f painting supplies. At the time, Lewis, with her husband, lived in a ne-rm huse with n electricity r running water, using simple huse paint t paint. After receiving the supplies, Lewis wrte back insisting n repaying him with sme f her paintings. Kinnear sld sme f them, sending sme mney back t Lewis and using the remainder t buy her mre paint. (刘易斯是一位加拿大艺术家，他画了色彩鲜艳的场景。她在路边以2到3美元的价格卖掉了自己的画。画画并不容易，因为她遭受了身体上的挑战，移动起来很痛苦。约翰·金尼尔也是一位艺术家，在阅读了一篇关于刘易斯的文章后，他和当时鲜为人知的刘易斯建立了友谊。他给她邮寄了成箱的绘画用品。当时，刘易斯和丈夫住在一间没有电和自来水的单间房子里，用简单的油漆粉刷。收到补给后，刘易斯回信，坚持要用她的一些画作回报他。金尼尔卖掉了其中的一些，把一些钱寄回刘易斯，并用剩下的钱给她买了更多的油漆。)”可知，约翰·金尼尔为什么要给刘易斯送成箱的绘画用品是为了给她提供一些帮助。故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段““When we saw the paintings, we were shcked, and bth f us were hesitant,” recalls Irene. “I had never seen anything like them. They were s childlike, with cats and cws.” (艾琳回忆道：“当我们看到这些画时，我们都很震惊，我们都犹豫不决。”“我从来没有见过像它们这样的画。上面有猫和牛，真是太天真了。”)”可知，Irene和Tny Demas第一次看到Lewis的画时感到很失望。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据第四段“Over 50 years later, they’re lng retired and are nw cnsidering travelling mre. They hped t sell the painting. In the years since Lewis died, her paintings have becme famus. But it was a recent scare that really urged them int actin. After having nn-glare glass added t the painting, the business street where the framer lived burned t the grund just days after they picked up their painting. (50多年后，他们早已退休，现在正在考虑更多地旅行。他们希望把这幅画卖掉。在刘易斯去世后的几年里，她的画已经出名了。但真正促使他们采取行动的是最近的一次恐慌。在画作中添加了防眩光玻璃后，装帧者居住的商业街在他们拿起画作几天后就被烧毁了。)”可知，Demas卖掉Black Truck的原因是他害怕会有什么意外的事情发生。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据第一段“It was a histry-making mment at Miller ＆ Miller’s Canadiana ＆Decrative Arts auctin (拍卖) when the hammer finally came dwn fr a rare Maud Lewis painting. (在米勒和米勒的加拿大装饰艺术拍卖会上，一幅罕见的莫德·刘易斯画作终于落槌，这是一个创造历史的时刻。)”，第三段“But they ended up agreeing t the trade, chsing a painting called Black Truck. (但他们最终同意了这笔交易，选择了一幅名为《黑色卡车》的画作。)”和最后一段“Recently, the painting was sld at auctin fr $350, 000. (最近，这幅画在拍卖会上以35万美元的价格售出。)”可知，这篇文章是介绍一幅画的经历。故选A。
8．D 9．C 10．B 11．D
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述2022年，英国有61家公司参加了世界上最大的一周工作四天的测试情况。
8．推理判断题。根据第二段“Overall results shw that almst every rganizatin will stick t a 4-day week pst-trial, with 91% definitely cntinuing r planning t cntinue, and a further 4% leaning twards cntinuing. (总体结果显示，几乎每个组织都会坚持试验后每周4天，91%的组织肯定会继续或计划继续，另有4%的组织倾向于继续。)”和第三段“Cmpanies rated their verall experience f the trials an average f 8. 5/10, with business prductivity and business perfrmance each scring 7. 5/10. Prfits rse by 35% ver the trial perids when cmpared t similar perids frm the previus year and hiring increased while absenteeism decreased. (各公司对其试验的总体经验的评分平均为8.5/10，业务生产率和业务绩效各得7.5/10。与上年同期相比，试用期利润增长了35%，招聘人数增加，缺勤率下降。)”可知，试验结果是很成功的。故选D。
9．细节理解题。根据第四段“Getting the carbn ftprint dwn is als encuraging, with cmmuting (通勤) time falling by a half bur per week. (减少碳足迹也令人鼓舞，通勤时间每周减少半个小时。)”可知，一周工作四天的方法是环保的。故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In general, wrkers said the fur-day wrk week left them feeling less tired. Abut 71% said they felt less “burnt ut” with their new wrk hurs, and 39% said they felt less stressed. On average, 73% f the wrkers were mre satisfied with the time they spent wrking (总的来说，工人们表示，每周工作四天让他们感觉不那么累。约71%的人表示，他们对新的工作时间感到不那么“精疲力竭”，39%的人表示压力较小。平均而言，73%的工人对他们花在工作上的时间更满意。)”可知，这些数据表明人们在工作中的幸福感增强了。故选B。
11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“In 2022, 61 cmpanies in the United Kingdm (UK) tk part in the wrld’s largest test f a fur-day wrk week. (2022年，英国有61家公司参加了世界上最大的一周工作四天的测试。)”和第二段“The pilt prgram, cnducted in the UK, guided ver 60 cmpanies and almst 3, 000 wrkers thrugh a six-mnth trial f a 4 day week, with n lss f pay fr wrkers. Overall results shw that almst every rganizatin will stick t a 4-day week pst-trial, with 91% definitely cntinuing r planning t cntinue, and a further 4% leaning twards cntinuing. (这项在英国进行的试点项目指导了60多家公司和近3000名工人完成了为期六个月的每周4天的试验，工人的工资没有损失。总体结果显示，几乎每个组织都会坚持试验后每周4天，91%的组织肯定会继续或计划继续，另有4%的组织倾向于继续。)”可知，每周工作4天很受员工们欢迎，所以它可能会被广泛普及。故选D。
12．B 13．C 14．D 15．A
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述日本东京大学的两名研究人员Kta Machida和Yuya Sakai开发了一种将食物垃圾转化为建筑用水泥等的方法。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段“Tky University researchers Kta Machida and Yuya Sakai have develped a way t transfrm fd waste int cement (水泥) fr cnstructin use and mre. (东京大学的研究人员Kta Machida和Yuya Sakai开发了一种将食物垃圾转化为建筑用水泥等的方法。)”可知，Kta Machida和Yuya Sakai利用食物垃圾的目的是为了生产建筑材料。故选B。
13．推理判断题。根据第四段“As expected, smething this unique tk years t develp. It tk a few attempts t find just the right prcess. (不出所料，这种独特的东西花了数年时间才发展起来。经过几次尝试才找到正确的流程。)”可知，Kta Machida和Yuya Sakai在研发的时候遇到了很多的困难。故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据第五段“After a few failures, they realized they culd get the cement t bind (黏合) by adjusting the temperatures. “The mst challenging part was that each type f fd waste requires different temperatures,” Yuya said. (在几次失败后，他们意识到可以通过调节温度来使水泥结合。Yuya说：“最具挑战性的是，每种食物垃圾都需要不同的温度。”)”可知，让用食物垃圾制作水泥的实验变得更加困难的是要不断地调节温度。故选D。
15．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Their prduct culd prvide relief in the frm f edible emergency shelters in disaster nes “Fr example, if fd cannt be delivered t the peple, they culd eat makeshift beds made ut f fd cement,” he said. (他们的产品可以在受灾地区以可食用的紧急避难所的形式提供救济。“例如，如果食物不能送到人们手中，他们可以吃由食品水泥制成的makeshift床，”他说。)”可知，人们为了应急，可以食用由食品水泥制成的床，那样的床应该是临时的，所以makeshift的意思应该是“临时的”，和选项A意思一致。故选A。
2023届四川省南充市高三二诊英语试题
1．C 2．B 3．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍的是可以在一天内读完的四本书的相关情况。
1．细节理解题。根据The Huse n Mang Street部分的“Released in 1984 and written by Mexican-American authr Sandra Cisners, The Huse n Mang Street is nly 103 pages lng. It’s a rapid read fr thse lking t dip their tes int the water, but it still deals with cmplex themes and imprtant subject matters including language, race, ageing and trubles.(《芒果街上的房子》出版于1984年，由墨西哥裔美国作家Sandra Cisners撰写，全书只有103页。这本书对于那些想要涉水的人来说是一本快速读物，但它仍然涉及复杂的主题和重要的主题，包括语言、种族、衰老和烦恼)”可知，Sandra Cisners写的书中没有涉及文学。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据The Midnight Library部分的“It’s 288 pages, which makes it a little mre challenging but still abslutely dable in a single day.(这本书有288页，这使得它更具挑战性，但在一天内仍然完全可以完成)”可知，The Midnight Library这本书在一天内读完比较难。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据The Perilus Life f Jade Ye部分的“There is even enugh time fr readers t appreciate a film adaptatin f the bk after reading it.(这本书甚至有足够的时间让读者在读完之后欣赏根据这本书改编的电影)”和Stardust部分的“Stardust, which became a majr mtin picture, sits at 256 pages.(Stardust后来成为一部重要的电影，长达256页)”可知，The Perilus Life f Jade Ye和Stardust两本书的共同点是它们都被拍成了电影。故选C。
4．C 5．D 6．A 7．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者很喜欢旅游，但是疫情期间旅游受限，作者反而觉得没有哪个地方比得上家。
4．词义猜测题。根据文章第二段划线单词前一句“Hwever, the pandemic brught all my flights f fancy t a sudden halt, as it did fr everyne else.(然而，像其他人一样，疫情让我所有的幻想都戛然而止。)”以及划线单词下一句“What place was better than hme?(还有什么地方比家更好呢？)”可知，作者对于旅游的渴望没之前强烈了。选项A“Appeared (出现)”；选项B“Paused (停止)”；选项C“Declined (下降)”；选项D“Climbed (爬)”。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The United Natins Wrld Turism Organizatin said the biggest challenge f pandemic travel is the uncertainty and the different rules in different cuntries t bey.(联合国世界旅游组织表示，疫情期间旅行的最大挑战是不确定性和不同国家要遵守的不同规则。)”可知，疫情期间旅行面对的最大挑战是需要遵守各个国家的不同规则。故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“I finally gt n a plane t make it t the clsest destinatin pssible t us by flight—the sunshine state f Ga, less than an hur away frm Mumbai. Putting my te int sft pwdery sand was precius, even after a lifetime r extic travel. After a week f bliss n the beach, thugh, I was relieved t be back hme.(我终于坐上了飞机，飞往离我们最近的目的地——阳光普照的果阿邦，距离孟买不到一小时的路程。把脚趾伸进柔软的粉状沙子里是很珍贵的，即使是在经历了一生或异国旅行之后。不过，在海滩上享受了一周的幸福之后，回到家让我松了一口气。)”可知，国内旅游不比异国旅游差。选项A“The extic travel is better than that f at hme.(异国旅行比在国内好。)”表述错误。故选A。
7．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Ever since, I have made a few shrt jurneys but the travel bug seems t have been put dwn, at least fr nw. But even as turists will be flcking all ver as revenge travel takes ver, I have realized that there is n place quite like hme.(从那以后，我做了几次短途旅行，但至少现在，旅行的毛病似乎已经被放下了。但是，尽管游客们会蜂拥而来，因为报复性旅游占据了上风，但我已经意识到，没有哪个地方比得上家。)”可知，作者对旅游的渴望被家的感觉所治愈了。所以“My Travelling Thirst Satisfied at Hme(我的旅行渴望在家里得到了满足)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。
8．D 9．C 10．D 11．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员的新发现：长途迁徙的候鸟拥有颜色更浅的羽毛。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“But a new study f nearly all bird species suggests many migratrs share anther unexpected flight aid: lighter-clred feathers.(但一项针对几乎所有鸟类的新的研究表明，许多候鸟都有另一种意想不到的飞行辅助物：颜色较浅的羽毛。)”以及第二段“Researchers say that having mre lightly clred feathers than nn-migrating birds may help these lng-distance flyers stay cl as they wrk hard under the ht sun t fly.(研究人员说，与非迁徙鸟类相比，羽毛颜色更浅这可能有助于这些长途飞行的鸟类在炎热的太阳下努力飞行时保持凉爽。)” 可知，很多候鸟羽毛颜色较浅，这有助于它们长途飞行，这是人们以前没有认识到的。故选D。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句“But clr has delicate effects t, including regulating temperature by absrbing r reflecting light, says Kaspar Delhey. Fr example, bird eggs laid in clder climates tend t be darker, which may help keep them warm.(但颜色也有微妙的影响，包括通过吸收或反射光线来调节温度，Kaspar Delhey说。例如，在寒冷气候下的鸟蛋往往颜色较深，这可能有助于保暖。)”可知，作者提到鸟蛋的例子是为了证明上句的观点：颜色有微妙的影响，能够通过吸收或反射光线来调节温度。故选C。
10．细节理解题。根据第四段“Migrating birds push their bdies t the physilgical limit, which creates mre heat. Sme species dealing with the prblem by flying t cler air during daytime. ‘If verheating is a prblem in migratry birds, anther way f dealing with that wuld be t evlve lighter clrs that absrb less heat,’ Delhey says.(迁徙的鸟类将身体推向生理极限，从而产生更多的热量。一些物种通过在白天飞到凉爽的空气中来解决这个问题。‘如果过热是候鸟的一个问题，另一种处理方法是进化出更浅的颜色，吸收更少的热量，’Delhey说。)”可知，候鸟在迁徙过程中必须解决体温升高的问题。故选D。
11．推理判断题。根据第五段“Delhey and his clleagues analyzed ver 20, 000 pictures f 10, 618 bird species, ranking wing lightness fr each species and cmparing that with hw far the birds fly. On average, lightness slightly increased with migratry distance, the team fund. The lngest-distance migratrs were abut 4 percent lighter than n-migratrs, an effect that wasn’t explained by size, climate r habitat type fr different species.(Delhey和他的同事分析了10, 618种鸟类的20, 000多张照片，对每种鸟类的翅膀颜色深浅度进行排名，并将其与鸟类的飞行距离进行比较。研究小组发现，平均而言，随着迁徙距离越远，颜色也越浅。迁徙距离最长的候鸟比留鸟颜色浅约4%，这种影响并不能用不同物种的大小、气候或栖息地类型来解释。。)”可知，研究人员通过比较鸟类迁徙距离和羽毛颜色的深浅度得出研究结论。故选B。
12．A 13．D 14．A 15．B
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是在最近的一篇论文中，研究人员质疑了一个基本假设，即摄入的卡路里是否真的是导致肥胖的主要原因。他们认为，事实恰恰相反:我们之所以吃得过多，是因为我们越来越胖。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Yet, despite all the calrie cunting, dieting and exercising, wrldwide besity rates just keep saring up.(然而，尽管我们在计算卡路里、节食和锻炼，全球肥胖率仍在飙升。)”可知，处理超重问题是极其困难的。故选A。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Frm this perspective, the difficulty resisting hunger that s many dieters have isn’t a sign f pr discipline, but rather a bilgical prblem invlving hw ur bdies distribute the calries we cnsume.(从这个角度来看，许多节食者难以抵抗饥饿并不是缺乏自制力的表现，而是一个生物学问题，涉及到我们的身体如何分配我们消耗的卡路里。)”可知，节食者很难抵抗饥饿是因为这种情况更与摄入的卡路里分布有关。故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段的“A lw-calrie, lw-fat diet further restricts an already limited supply f energy, wrsening hunger withut addressing the underlying tendency t stre t many calries in bdy fat.(低卡路里、低脂肪的饮食进一步限制了本已有限的能量供应，加剧了饥饿感，却没有解决身体脂肪中储存过多卡路里的潜在趋势。)”可知，低热量低脂肪饮食使人们感到更饿。故选A。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Althugh much mre research will be needed t test this cntrversial idea, it is time t questin the basic assumptins abut cause and effect, calries and weight gain that have dminated ur thinking fr decades.(虽然还需要更多的研究来验证这个有争议的想法，但现在是时候质疑几十年来主导我们思维的关于因果关系、卡路里和体重增加的基本假设了。)”可知，作者对卡路里和体重增加之间的因果关系持怀疑态度，故选B。
2023届四川省宜宾市高三下学期第二次诊断考试英语试题
1．A 2．B 3．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在玻利维亚旅行的一些趣事。
1．细节理解题。根据TAYKA HOTEL DE SAL中“Tayka Htel de Sal,Tahua, Blivia is made mstly f salt, including sme beds－thugh yu’ll sleep with regular mattresses and blankets.”（玻利维亚塔瓦的泰卡萨尔酒店主要是用盐建造的，包括一些床——尽管你会睡在普通的床垫和毯子上。）可知，泰卡萨尔酒店的特色是它主要是用盐建造的。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据COOL THINGS ABOUT BOLIVIA中“Every August in Blivia, dgs are hnred during the Feast f St. Rch.”（在玻利维亚，每年八月的圣罗赫节(Feast f St. Rch)都会以狗为荣耀。）可知，关于玻利维亚，我们能了解到他们可能很尊重狗。故选B项。
3．细节理解题。根据THINGS TO DO IN BOLIVIA中“Take a bat t Isla del Sl, an island in Lake Titicaca.”（乘船前往的的喀喀湖中的太阳岛。）可知，游客在玻利维亚可以乘船前往太阳岛。故选C项。
4．C 5．B 6．D 7．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述Oza在三十多岁时由于不良生活方式身体很虚弱，他决心作出改变，开始改变饮食和坚持运动，通过长达15年的坚持重获健康的故事。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段首句“But Oza’s lifestyle std in the way. (但是Oza的生活方式成为了阻碍)”可知，Oza久坐的生活方式阻碍着他作出改变。故选C。
5．词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Oza’s increasingly sedentary (久坐不动的) lifestyle had repercussins. In additin t catching bugs easily, he lacked energy, his bdy ache (越来越久坐的生活方式产生了不良影响。除了容易生病，他还缺乏精力，身体疼痛)”可知，此处是描述Oza久坐不动的生活方式对身体造成的负面影响，由此推知lethargic意为“昏昏欲睡”。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段中“He cnducted sme changes t his diet, intrducing mre raw fruits and vegetables and cutting dwn n junk fd. He started ging fr runs and began regular training, resistance training, and stretching.(他对自己的饮食进行了一些改变，引入了更多的生水果和蔬菜，减少了垃圾食品的摄入量。他开始跑步，并开始定期训练，阻力训练和拉伸)”可知，Oza通过改变饮食和坚持训练重获健康。故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第四段首句“S he began a 15-year jurney t examine his health fully. (于是，他开始了长达15年的旅程，全面检查自己的健康状况)”可知，Oza在三十多岁时由于不良生活方式身体很虚弱，他决心作出改变，开始改变饮食和坚持运动，通过长达15年的坚持重获健康，所以他是一个有决心的人。故选B。
8．D 9．B 10．A 11．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了海洋噪音给海洋生物带来的危害。
8．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Nise pllutin is ne f the serius yet least recgnized health threats f ur time. Nise increase risks f heart disease, cgnitive damage and develpmental delays. Nw, scientists are revealing that nn-humans, t, suffer frm nise pllutin and that they are far mre sensitive than humans. Als, marine animals see and sense the wrld thrugh sund, which travels farther underwater than light. But scientists are nw revealing that a vast range f marine creatures are extremely sensitive t sund. The range f negative effects caused by marine nise pllutin is astnishing: delayed develpment, slw grwth etc.”（噪音污染是我们这个时代最严重的健康威胁之一，但却很少有人认识到。噪音会增加心脏病、认知损伤和发育迟缓的风险。现在，科学家们发现，非人类也受到噪音污染的影响，而且它们比人类要敏感得多。此外，海洋动物通过声音看到和感知世界，声音在水下比光传播得更远。但科学家们现在发现，大量海洋生物对声音极其敏感。海洋噪音污染造成的负面影响范围是惊人的：发育迟缓，生长缓慢等）可知，第一段主要讲的是噪音污染危害人类和海洋生物。故选D项。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Take marine seagrass fr example, just like frests n land, seagrass is a carbn sink, cntributing t stabilizing ur glbal climate.”（以海洋海草为例，就像陆地上的森林一样，海草是碳汇，有助于稳定我们的全球气候）可知，海草的功能是可以保持全球气候稳定。故选B项。
10．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Their sensitive hearing is an advantage in the dark depths f the cean, but it makes aquatic rganisms very vulnerable. Lud underwater sunds can damage r destry their hearing ability. These effects ccur at much lwer intensities f sund than are knwn t be damaging t animals n land.”（它们灵敏的听觉在黑暗的海洋深处是一种优势，但这使水生生物非常脆弱。巨大的水下声音会损害或破坏它们的听力。这些影响发生在比已知的对陆地动物的损害低得多的声音强度下）可知，水生植物的听力容易受损是因为它对水下声音的强度很敏感。故选A项。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“While expsure limitatin levels haven’t yet been determined, it is clear that this emerging science will lead t new restrictins n the permitting and peratins f marine industrial and shipping activities.”（虽然接触限制水平尚未确定，但很明显，这一新兴科学将导致对海洋工业和航运活动的许可和操作提出新的限制）可推知，海洋噪音污染可能会得到改善。故选A项。
12．D 13．C 14．D 15．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章通过一系列研究表明了触摸的力量。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段中“researchers fund that there are striking similarities between the ways that humans and pimates such as chimpanzees cmfrt ne anther and demnstrate cmpassin and care(研究人员发现，人类和灵长类动物如黑猩猩相互安慰、表现出同情和关怀的方式有惊人的相似之处)”可知，人类和灵长类动物在某些方面很相似。故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段中“But t me, it als speaks abut the imprtance f clseness and intimacy. Anther study fund that hlding hands t cmfrt a lved ne can actually reduce their pain.(但对我来说，这也说明了亲密和亲昵的重要性。另一项研究发现，牵手安慰所爱的人实际上可以减轻他们的痛苦)”可知，牵起病人的手可以减轻他的痛苦，这表明亲密和亲昵的重要性。故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“they chse, t everyne’s astnishment, the cmfrt ver fd. This flew in the face f what was expected.(令所有人惊讶的是，他们选择了舒适而不是食物。这完全违背了人们的期望)”可知，人们总是认为食物是最有可能被选择的，所以当猴子没有选择食物时人们感到很惊讶。故选D。
15．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Over the years I have been fascinated t read abut studies int the pwer f tuch.(多年来，我一直着迷于阅读有关触摸的力量的研究)”可知，文章通过一系列研究表明了触摸的力量。故选A。
2023届四川省凉山州高三下学期二诊考试英语试题
1．B 2．B 3．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一场诗歌比赛的详细信息和参赛细则。
1．细节理解题。由第一段中的“It invites yung peple t reflect n the “many ways we are cnnected t the universe”. (它邀请年轻人反思“我们与宇宙的许多联系方式”)”可知，比赛的主题与“宇宙的联系”有关。故选B项。
2．细节理解题。由第一段中的“The cmpetitin is aimed at pupils aged 4-18. (比赛面向4-18岁的学生)”可知，参赛者的年龄范围是4-18岁。故选B项。
3．细节理解题。由第三段“2. Yur entry must be the riginal wrk f the creatr. (2.您的参赛作品必须是创作者的原创作品)”可知，参赛者应该提交他们的原创作品。故选A项。
4．C 5．C 6．D 7．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国高铁在非洲的发展情况以及中国高铁近几年所取得的成就和发展历史。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“On Octber 10, 2016, Africa’s first mdern electrified railway, the Ethipia-Djibuti railway, became fully peratinal. (2016年10月10日，非洲第一条现代电气化铁路埃塞俄比亚-吉布提铁路全面运营)”可知，埃塞俄比亚-吉布提铁路是非洲第一条电气化铁路。故选C项。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“China has the wrld’s lngest railway and they make up a huge 60 percent f the wrld’s ttal. Besides length, China als des well in speed. (中国拥有世界上最长的铁路，占世界铁路总量的60%。除了长度，中国在速度上也做得很好。)”可知，中国最近在铁路建设方面取得的成就包括中国在铁路长度和火车速度方面都很出色。故选C项。
6．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段“The driving frce behind the fast develpment has been the cuntry’s great need fr transprtatin. (快速发展背后的驱动力是国家对交通运输的巨大需求。)”可知，中国对交通运输的巨大需求推动了铁路的发展。故选D项。
7．主旨大意题。分析全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了中国高铁在非洲的发展情况以及中国高铁近几年所取得的成就和发展历史。所以A选项“中国的铁路走向世界”能概括全文内容，适合用作文章标题。故选A项。
8．A 9．D 10．B 11．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的教学方法，教师鼓励在课堂上进行辩论和讨论。
8．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Invlving little rte learning, a new teaching apprach is becming ppular where teachers encurage debate and discussin in the classrm.(一种新的教学方法正在流行，这种方法很少涉及死记硬背，教师鼓励在课堂上进行辩论和讨论。)”可知，学生们被组织起来进行讨论是一个是鼓舞人心的教学风格的例子。故选A项。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The easiest way t learn t think critically is t frce yurself t questin everything, accrding t Michael Tabachnick, a physics prfessr at Delaware Valley Cllege.(特拉华谷学院物理学教授迈克尔·塔巴克尼克认为，学会批判性思考最简单的方法就是强迫自己质疑一切。)”以及“That des nt mean yu can’t believe, but yu must questin. Is it true? Is it pinin? Is it justified by the fact?. . . Students eventually learn t analyze,” Tabachnick said.”（这并不意味着你不能相信，但你必须质疑。这是真的吗?是意见吗?事实证明这是正确的吗?学生们最终会学会分析。”）可知，质疑一切就是提出问题并进行分析才能像迈克尔·塔巴克尼克所说的那样培养批判性思维。故选D项。
10．词义猜测题。根据第五段划线词it的上文“Sme f my students psted difficult queries (问题). I didn’t always knw the answers.(我的一些学生提出了一些困难的问题。我并不总是知道答案。)”和下文“and try t find ut later(以后再试着找出答案)”推知，it指代“我并不总是知道答案”这件事。故选B项。
11．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Peple with high emtinal intelligence can understand ther peple’s feelings, cmmunicate prperly with them, and read their persnalities.(高情商的人能理解别人的感受，与他们恰当地沟通，并能读懂他们的性格)”可知，情商如何帮助批判性思维体现在高情商有助于人们更好地理解他人。故选C项。
12．D 13．C 14．A 15．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了地球日的起源和发展以及作者希望人们转变观念——科学可以为保护环境服务。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段“There are class prjects, prgrams, tree plantings and many ther fficial events.”（有班级项目、项目介绍、植树和许多其它的官方活动。）可知，人们通常在地球日可以完成班级项目。故选D项。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段“As he later explained it, the idea was t channel “the student antiwar energy” int the envirnmental cause.”（正如他后来解释的一样，他的想法是将“学生反战能量”引导到环保事业中去。）可知，盖洛德·尼尔森是想把学生的注意力从反战示威上转移开。故选C项。
14．推理判断题。根据第三段“Sme adults wh had thught Earth Day supprters had gne t far made fun f them. They called them “tree huggers”.”（一些曾经认为地球日的支持者们做的太过火了的成年人还拿他们开玩笑。他们称他们为“环境保护狂”。）可知，一些成年人认为地球日的支持者的做法太过火了，换句话说，一些成年人认为地球日的支持者们的做法太极端了。故选A项。
15．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Instead, we understand that science is ne f the main tls we can use t prtect the envirnment. ”（相反，我们认为科学是我们能使用来保护环境的主要工具之一。）可知，作者支持的观点是现如今科学可以为保护环境服务。故选B项。
2023届四川省成都市高中毕业班第二次诊断性检测英语试题
1．B 2．A 3．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些在财务健康、责任和透明度方面排名A+的国际慈善机构。
1．细节理解题。根据MAP Internatinal中的“Its missin is t prvide medicines and health supplies t thse in need arund the wrld s they might experience life t the fullest.(它的使命是为世界各地有需要的人提供药品和卫生用品，使他们能够充分体验生活。)”可知，MAP的重点是改善人们的健康。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Internatinal Children’s Fund中的“The missin f the Internatinal Children’s Fund (ICF) is t cme t the aid f needy children wrldwide since 1987. (自1987年以来，国际儿童基金会(ICF)的使命是帮助世界各地的贫困儿童。自1987年以来，国际儿童基金会(ICF)的使命是帮助世界各地的贫困儿童。)”、Direct Relief中的“With a histry f ver 7 decades, Direct Relief (DR) is a humanitarian rganizatin with a missin t imprve the health and lives f peple affected by pverty and emergencies.(直接救济(DR)是一个具有70多年历史的人道主义组织，其使命是改善受贫困和紧急情况影响的人们的健康和生活。)”、MAP Internatinal中的“Since its fundatin in 1954, MAP has served millins f peple. (自1954年成立以来，MAP已经服务了数百万人。)”和Bks fr Africa 中的“This rganizatin, funded 35 years ag, als uses 99 percent f its funding fr its missins. (这个成立于35年前的组织还将99%的资金用于其使命。)”可知，慈善机构Direct Relief历史最悠久。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据第一段“Therefre, we pick sme internatinal charities that rank A+ in terms f financial health, accuntability, and transparency.(因此，我们挑选了一些在财务健康、责任和透明度方面排名A+的国际慈善机构。)”可推断，列出的慈善机构共同之处在于它们在世界范围内享有的声誉。故选D。
4．D 5．A 6．D 7．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国当代实验水墨家代表人物——邵戈，介绍了其成名过程以及艺术特色。
4．词句猜测题。根据划线短语上一句“At the time, many Chinese painting prfessinals passed away (当时，许多中国画专业人士去世了)”可知，老一辈的国画家去世了；而根据划线短语下一句“Yung artists were left n their wn t find breakthrughs (年轻的艺术家们只能靠自己去寻找突破)”可知，年轻的艺术家们只有靠自己去突破，由此判断，老一辈国画家去世后，年轻的艺术家们还未具有取代他们的地位的能力。所以fill their shes为“接管他们的角色；取代他们的地位”之意。故选D。
5．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Sha Ge is a representative f this new frm. Brn t an rdinary family in Beijing in 1962, Sha was keen n traditinal Chinese paintings. As a child, he spent much f his time staring at the ink masterpieces in the Palace Museum. There was an elder neighbr, wh was gd at Chinese painting and calligraphy. In his spare time, the kind elder talked abut traditinal Chinese culture t yung Sha. Sme years later, Sha decided t study painting after graduating frm high schl. After graduating in the Beijing Arts and Crafts Schl in 1978, Sha was sent t wrk at a small crafts factry. Befre lng, the factry went bankrupt. Sha later passed an exam and became a painter fr RngBa Zhai, a famus Chinese art gallery established in 1672. This career jump allwed Sha t springbard int a lifetime f ink paintings. (邵戈就是这种新形式的代表。邵戈1962年出生于北京的一个普通家庭，他热衷于中国画。作为一个孩子，他花了很多时间盯着故宫博物院的水墨杰作。有一个年长的邻居，他擅长中国画和书法。闲暇时，这位慈祥的老人给小邵讲起了中国传统文化。若干年后，邵戈高中毕业后决定学习绘画。1978年，邵戈从北京工艺美术学校毕业后，被送到一家小工艺品厂工作。不久，这家工厂就破产了。邵戈后来通过考试，成为了1672年成立的中国著名美术馆荣宝斋的画家。这一事业上的飞跃让邵戈走上了水墨画的道路。)”可知，本段主要介绍了邵戈追求艺术的道路。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““At first, I just drew everything-landscapes, figures, flwers, birds, and fish,” Sha said. “But I sn fund sticking t traditinal thughts and skills f Chinese paintings wuld be a brake n my develpment as a prfessinal painter. Fr this reasn, I decided t innvate my wn style.” (“一开始，我什么都画——风景、人物、花鸟和鱼，”邵说。“但我很快发现，坚持中国画的传统思想和技巧会阻碍我成为一名职业画家。因此，我决定创新自己的风格。”)”可知，下文将讲述邵戈如何开始走上实验水墨画的道路并取得成功。故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Sha Ge is a representative f this new frm. Brn t an rdinary family in Beijing in 1962, Sha was keen n traditinal Chinese paintings. As a child, he spent much f his time staring at the ink masterpieces in the Palace Museum. There was an elder neighbr, wh was gd at Chinese painting and calligraphy. In his spare time, the kind elder talked abut traditinal Chinese culture t yung Sha. Sme years later, Sha decided t study painting after graduating frm high schl. After graduating in the Beijing Arts and Crafts Schl in 1978, Sha was sent t wrk at a small crafts factry. Befre lng, the factry went bankrupt. Sha later passed an exam and became a painter fr RngBa Zhai, a famus Chinese art gallery established in 1672. This career jump allwed Sha t springbard int a lifetime f ink paintings. (邵戈就是这种新形式的代表。邵戈1962年出生于北京的一个普通家庭，他热衷于中国画。作为一个孩子，他花了很多时间盯着故宫博物院的水墨杰作。有一个年长的邻居，他擅长中国画和书法。闲暇时，这位慈祥的老人给小邵讲起了中国传统文化。若干年后，邵戈高中毕业后决定学习绘画。1978年，邵戈从北京工艺美术学校毕业后，被送到一家小工艺品厂工作。不久，这家工厂就破产了。邵戈后来通过考试，成为了1672年成立的中国著名美术馆荣宝斋的画家。这一事业上的飞跃让邵戈走上了水墨画的道路。)”可知，本文主要介绍了中国实验水墨家代表人邵戈，所以这篇文章会出现在人物介绍专栏。故选B。
8．B 9．D 10．A 11．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了首个由黏土制成的3D打印房屋。
8．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“He hpes that its design can becme a practical ptin t huse peple wh lack adequate husing due t financial issues.(他希望它的设计可以成为一个实际的选择，为那些由于经济问题而缺乏足够住房的人提供住房。)”可知，TECLA的设计意图是为了帮助那些有经济问题的人解决住房问题。故选B。
9．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“But while previus structures were built using cncrete r plastic, TECLA was mainly built frm sil at the site mixed with water and fibers frm rice husks. Cucinella believes this apprach can be adpted in different parts f the wrld, using whatever lcal materials are available, and culd be particularly helpful in remte areas, where industrial cnstructin materials are harder t cme by.(但是，虽然以前的结构是用混凝土或塑料建造的，TECLA主要是用现场的土壤与水和稻壳纤维混合建造的。Cucinella认为，这种方法可以在世界不同的地方采用，使用任何当地可用的材料，在工业建筑材料更难获得的偏远地区尤其有用。)”可知，TECLA的建造在选材上更为灵活。故选D。
10．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Hwever, he added, “I think this revlutin f 3D printing is t give peple a degree f freedm in hw t d things, withut being cnnected t a big, prfessinal industry.”(然而，他补充说：“我认为3D打印的这场革命让人们在如何做事方面有了一定程度的自由，而无需与大型专业行业联系在一起。”)”可知，Russ对TECLA的态度是支持的。故选A。
11．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Sme Italian architects have cmpleted the first 3D-printed hme made frm clay recently. It is called TECLA, which cmes frm “technlgy” and “clay”.(近日，一些意大利建筑师完成了首个由粘土制成的3D打印房屋。它被称为TECLA，由“技术”和“粘土”组成。)”以及第二段“Adbe-made frm a mix f earth, water and rganic material-is ne f the wrld’s earliest cnstructin materials, knwn fr its firmness, and bi-degradability. (Adbe是由土、水和有机材料混合制成的，是世界上最早的建筑材料之一，以其坚固性和可生物降解性而闻名。)”可知，本文主要介绍了世界上首个由黏土制成的3D打印房屋，土、水和有机材料是世界上最古老的建筑材料之一，加上最新的技术，形成了新型建筑。故选C。
12．B 13．C 14．A 15．C
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了研究表明，全球变暖的速度被低估了，而这会给人类带来可怕的后果。
12．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“In 2007 a team led by Stefan Rahmstrf cmpared actual bservatins with predictins made by theretical mdels fr three key climate indicatrs: carbn dixide, glbal temperature and sea-level rise. While the predictins gt CO2 levels right, they were lw fr real temperature and sea-level rise.( 2007年，Stefan Rahmstrf领导的一个研究小组对三个关键气候指标(二氧化碳、全球温度和海平面上升)的实际观测结果与理论模型的预测结果进行了比较。虽然预测的二氧化碳水平是正确的，但与实际温度和海平面上升相比，这些预测都很低。)”可知，第一段提到Rahmstrf的研究结果是为了表明气候学家对于气候预测的不精准。故选B。
13．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Scientists tended tward lwer and misleading predictin because they did nt want t be accused f making dramatic and verstressed claims.(科学家倾向于做出更低的、误导性的预测，因为他们不想被指责做出夸张的、过度强调的断言。)”可知，科学家们低估气候威胁是为了不想被指责造成了恐慌。故选C。
14．词义猜测题。根据划线单词下一句“because the permafrst hlds abut 1.5 billin tns f rganic carbn, twice as much as nw in the atmsphere.(因为永久冻土含有大约15亿吨有机碳，是现在大气中有机碳含量的两倍。)”可知，如果放任这种情况的发展，导致北极冻土融化和甲烷的释放，后果是恐怖的。选项A“Disastrus (灾难性的)”；选项B“Cnfusing (令人困惑的)”；选项C“Impressive (令人印象深刻的)”；选项D“Discuraging (令人沮丧的)”。故选A。
15．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“In 2007 a team led by Stefan Rahmstrf cmpared actual bservatins with predictins made by theretical mdels fr three key climate indicatrs: carbn dixide, glbal temperature and sea-level rise. While the predictins gt CO2 levels right, they were lw fr real temperature and sea-level rise.( 2007年，Stefan Rahmstrf领导的一个研究小组对三个关键气候指标(二氧化碳、全球温度和海平面上升)的实际观测结果与理论模型的预测结果进行了比较。虽然预测的二氧化碳水平是正确的，但与实际温度和海平面上升相比，这些预测都很低。)”以及第二段“As plar ice melts because f glbal warming, the Arctic Ocean absrbs mre heat, which causes the Arctic t warm even mre. It shuld surprise n ne that the area is warming fast. Yet scientists have been caught ff-guard by just hw fast the regin is heating up.(由于全球变暖，极地冰融化，北冰洋吸收了更多的热量，这导致北极更加温暖。该地区正在快速变暖，这应该不足为奇。然而，科学家们对该地区升温的速度感到措手不及。)”及全文可知，文章主要讲述的是全球变暖速度被低估了。故选C。