四川省绵阳南山中学2024届高三下学期入学考试英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份四川省绵阳南山中学2024届高三下学期入学考试英语试卷(含答案)，共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，短文改错，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。


一、阅读理解
Ntice n the Orderly Opening f the Natinal Museum f China
The Natinal Museum f China (NMC) has limited the daily visitr arrivals with a new timetable and adpted an nline bking system. We hereby infrm yu f the fllwing regulatins:
·The NMC is pen frm 9:00 t 17:00 (last admissin at 16:00) and clses n Mnday. Evening visits are temprarily cancelled.
·Visitrs must make appintments 1-7 days in advance. Grup reservatins and n-site reservatins are nt accepted.
·Visitrs can make nline appintments thrugh ur fficial website r fficial scial media platfrm accunt.
·On the day f the visit, please enter the museum with Chinese ID cards. Fr ther dcuments hlders, please bring the cpies f the riginal dcuments used at the time f reservatin.
·Visitrs must enter the museum during their reserved time perid t avid crwding. If visitrs miss their reserved time perid, they will be refused. If visitrs cannt make it n time, please apply fr a cancellatin in the reservatin system befre 15:00 n the day f the visit. Reservatins cannt be cancelled after the reserved date, and the system will autmatically recrd ne's accunt as "absent". Fr anyne whse accunt cntains three times f absence, the visitr will nt be able t make new reservatins within 90 days.
·Staff-guided turs are cancelled temprarily. Visitrs must be in an rderly manner thrughut the visit.
The NMC will take measures t ensure rderly and safe visits. Thanks fr yur supprt and cperatin.
Natinal Museum f China
1．When can visitrs enter the NMC?
A.At 11:00, Mnday.B.At 16:30, Friday.
C.At 17:00, Thursday.D.At 10:30, Sunday.
2．What d we knw abut the NMC reservatin?
A.It shuld be made n site.
B.It can be made in grups.
C.It can be made thrugh scial media.
D.It must be made a week ahead.
3．What if a visitr misses the reserved time perid?
A.He shuld reserve in three mnths.
B.He will be refused t enter the museum.
C.His accunt can be recrded as “absent”.
D.He must reserve again befre 15:00.
Lunar New Year used t be a daylng celebratin fr us. My parents tried really hard t recreate the seasn fr my sisters and me here in America. On New Year's day, my family, including all my uncles, aunts, and cusins, dressed in new clthes, gathered at my grandma's huse. Kids were pulled ut f schl, and adults tk the day ff. The celebratin lasted thrughut the day and late int the night, with ne traditin fllwing anther.
Fast-frward t 2019: My grandma has passed away, the adults are elderly, and the kids have grwn up and are living their wn life. The Lunar New Year celebratin is n lnger elabrate as it used t be. As we melt int American culture, the "lden ways", as we call them, have fallen away. Life seems t have gt busier and much mre cmplex, but I ften feel smething is missing.
Fr us first-generatin kids, it is ften easier t let g f the traditins and custms f ur parents'. They dn't mean as much t us as they d fr them. At the same time, they are still a part f ur culture. I realized that the diaspra (流散) f yung Asian American in the United Sates is nt unique t me. It is an nging inner struggle that we all wrestle with. My Asian features and skin clr d nt entirely define wh I am. I am as much a “hamburger” guy as a “rice” individual. I can't quite fully claim that I am an American and nt fully Asian, there isn't really a check bx that I can mark. I am Chinese-Vietnamese-Asian-American.
I nw have tw little bys. It saddens me t think they will never be able t experience what my sisters and I did as little kids during this hliday. Recently, fr the first time, I've hung up Lunar New Year decratins arund the huse and replaced ur Christmas wreath (花环) n the frnt dr with decrative firecrackers. In a way, my sns are frcing me t slw dwn and explre my heritage.
4．What d we knw abut the authr's family in Paragraph 1?
A.They lived a very hard life in America.
B.They respected the ld and lved the yung.
C.They stuck t the traditins f Lunar New Year.
D.They paid little attentin t children's educatin.
5．What dse the underlined wrd "elabrate" in Paragraph 2 mean?
A.carefully prepared and rganized B.extremely simple and easy
C.unbelievable and ridiculus D.humrus and appealing
6．Why des the authr mentin "hamburger" and "rice" in Paragraph 3?
A.T suggest varius chices.B.T indicate diverse identities.
C.T clarify different custms.D.T cmpare persnal tastes.
7．What message des the authr seem t cnvey in the text?
A.We shuld strengthen family bnds.
B.We are what we chse t be.
C.Passing dwn family traditins matters.
D.Knwing yurself is a lifelng prcess.
After taking a few steps back, Hadj Benhalima rushed tward the building, pushed himself upward with his ft against the wall and stretched ut his arm. At the peak f his jump, he flipped ff a light switch, and the bright lights f a nearby barbershp went ff immediately.
This is what Hadj and his friends have been ding fr the past tw years: swinging arund Paris and switching ff wasteful shp signs at night, in an effrt t fight against light pllutin and save energy. And they are all enthusiastic abut Parkur—a sprt that cnsists f running and jumping ver urban bstacles.
While climbing ther peple's prperty t turn ff their lights may strike sme as a frm f trespassing (非法入侵) , the Parkur athletes insist their activities are nly abut enfrcing seldm-respected rules.
Mre than a decade ag, Paris City Hall issued rders requiring stres t turn ff all signs and windw displays frm I am t 6 am, but they are widely ignred with little cnsequence. "fr 10 years there has been n fllw-up, n cntrl, n punishment, "said Anne-Marie Ducrux, the head f the Natinal Assciatin fr the Prtectin f the Sky and the Night Envirnment.
That is why Hadj and his friends have taken matters int their wn hands. The grup ften gathers in the s-called Glden Triangle neighbrhd, in western Paris, which is the center f French luxury.
Enfrcing the rders in place f the authrities certainly enters a legal grey area. But the Parkur athletes say all the plice fficers they have met during their runds have allwed their actin—as lng as it causes n damage.
And it seems that their effrts have prduced the desired result, because Hadj says he has nticed that in recent mnths, several shps have stpped leaving their lights n after his grup targeted them. He hpes thers will fllw suit. "At least, I'll sleep better, "he said.
8．What are Hadj Benhalima and his friends trying t d at night?
A.T practice their Parkur skills.
B.T remve pssible urban bstacles.
C.T turn ff unnecessary stre lights.
D.T ensure the safety f their neighbrhd.
9．What can we learn abut the rules set by the gvernment?
A.They are t strict t fllw.
B.They have achieved the desired effect.
C.They put great pressure n stres.
D.They are nt carried ut effectively.
10．What is the gvernment's attitude twards the Parkur athletes' act?
A.Wrried.B.Supprtive C.Dubtful.D.Uncncerned.
11．What des the text mainly talk abut?
A.Why Parkur is s ppular amng yung peple in Paris.
B.Why it is difficult t fight against light pllutin in Paris.
C.Hw the lighting f shp signs affects the night view f Paris.
D.Hw yung peple in Paris help save energy thrugh Parkur.
Next time yu are struggling with the crsswrd, try putting the kettle n. Drinking a cup f tea can imprve creativity, a study suggests.
Researchers gave men and wmen either tea r water and then asked them t cmplete a wrd assciatin game, which was used t measure a frm f creativity knwn as cnvergent thinking (聚合思维).
In the game, the participants were given sets f wrds such as “same, tennis, head” and asked t find a meaningful link between them. The answer, in this case, wuld be “match?”. After analysing the results in a way that ruled ut the ptential effects f a persn’s intelligence and language ability, the researchers, frm Peking University in China, fund that thse wh drank the tea perfrmed significantly better in the wrd assciatin game. The tea drinkers scred an average f 13. 89 in the wrd assciatin game cmpared with 12. 94 fr water drinkers.
The researchers said it was nt clear why tea has this beneficial effect. Tea cntains caffeine and theanine, which can imprve attentin, but the 100 participants in the study drank nly a small amunt f tea—90ml, n average—and caried ut the tests very sn after cnsuming it, meaning any effect wuld have been ignred. “This result shwed that the tea drinking event itself—rather than the bilgical cm-pnents f tea—played a psitive rle,” the researchers said.
“Previus research has fund that peple tend t assciate tea drinking with a specific set f persnality traits, such as smart, creative, elegant, cnfident, and stable. It may be that when participants are stimulated (刺激) by tea, the mental representatin f a tea drinker is als activated, and they uncnsciusly think that they shuld be smarter and mre creative,” they added, “Future research shuld fcus n specific mechanisms (机制) and clarify which variables mderate the impact f tea cnsumptin n cnvergent thinking.
12．What did the participants have t d in the study?
A.Pair the wrds with each ther.
B.Guess the meaning f the wrds.
C.Find a cnnectin between the wrds.
D.Tell the differences amng the wrds.
13．What helped a participant get a higher scre accrding t the researchers?
A.The actin f drinking tea itself.
B.The participant’s intelligence.
C.The participant’s language ability.
D.The bilgical cmpnents f tea.
14．What can be inferred frm the previus research?
A.Drinking tea makes peple mre active.
B.Drinking tea is ppular amng the yuth.
C.Peple tend t drink tea mre than befre.
D.Peple drinking tea are ften thught smart.
15．Which f the fllwing can be the best title f the text?
A.Drinking Tea Is Gd fr Health.
B.Drinking Tea Is A Ppular Trend.
C.Drinking Tea Makes fr Creativity.
D.Drinking Tea Matters A Lt in Life.
二、七选五
16．Hw t Plitely Cancel Plans Over Text
Yu made plans with friends, but when it's time t leave the huse, yu just dn't have the energy. Or, maybe smething else cmes up, and yu can't make it. ①______ But with a few tips, yu can d it plitely.
◆Text them as sn as pssible.
That way, yur friends can rearrange their schedules. If yu knw yu cannt make it, try t text a day ahead f time. Otherwise, yur friends might be annyed abut the incnvenience. If there's an emergency and yu have t cancel the plan at the last minute, that's fine. ②______
◆Be hnest abut yur situatin.
③______ If yu've encuntered a change in yur schedule, just tell them what it is. Yur friends will be mre understanding if they can tell yu're telling the truth. Just say things like: "I ran int an issue at wrk." Or "I'm dealing with sme family prblems. "
◆Ask if yu can reschedule.
Instead f saying "Let's hang ut sn! ", pick a new time, s yur friends knw that yu're serius. ④______ Try t include this in yur riginal message s they knw what yu're ding right away, and make sure it's a plan yu can stick t s yu dn't have t cancel again.
◆ ⑤______
Add in ne mre nice thing t make a cmpliment (赞美) sandwich. After yu tell yur friends yu have t cancel and aplgize, let them knw hw much yu appreciate them making plans with yu. This will reassure them that yu lve spending time with them, and it can even help yu feel less guilty, t.
A. Start with yur appreciatin.
B. Thank them fr inviting yu ut.
C. Let them knw hw urgent the situatin is.
D. There's n need t lie abut what's ging n.
E. It shws that yu aren't just blwing them ff.
F.Otherwise, yu shuld try t cancel ahead f time.
G.Whatever the case is, cancelling plans can be annying.
Parker's life has changed after a car ride t schl ne mrning.
三、完形填空（15空）
Miss Baugh was the kind f teacher that everyne had at least nce: scary. She 1 n nnsense. She drilled us and grilled us and taught us t take 2 seriusly.
But I had my wn life utside f schl and had just discvered a prp (道具) fr 3 : an ink bttle painted t lk as thugh it had verturned.
Of all the peple I culd have tricked, 4 I chse Miss Baugh. Befre class, I pened her bk and placed the bttle n ne f the pages, prudly 5 that it truly did lk like spilled ink!
Then I waited fr the fun. I wasn't 6 . When Miss Baugh saw the verturned bttle, she let ut a little 7 .
But immediately Miss Baugh discvered the 8 . She picked up the bttle and 9 it. She lked up. Her eyes 10 the classrm with a deadly lk. Sme f my classmates carefully 11 lking at me, s as nt t give me away.
"Wh did this? "asked she.
I quietly 12 my hand. All f my life I've been educated t be hnest. I culdn't help 13 . Besides, I wanted my bttle back.
Miss Baugh fixed me with a stare that struck 14 in my heart. And then, mst 15 , she laughed.
"Well, it certainly 16 me! "she said, and I 17 the bttle t me.
But smething had 18 fr me, anyway. I came t understand that, if even the 19 f Miss Baugh had a warm human being beneath that strict lk, then ther strict peple prbably d, t. And I've happily prved that 20 many times in my life.
17．A.expected B.tlerated C.believed D.understd
18．A.schl B.place C.actin D.life
19．A.plays B.shws C.parties D.tricks
20．A.nrmally B.luckily C.strangely D.extremely
21．A.prving B.reprting C.nting D.imagining
22．A.amused B.disappinted C.discuraged D.annyed
23．A.cry B.call C.sigh D.relief
24．A.secret B.cause C.truth D.result
25．A.pened B.prtected C.adpted D.examined
26．A.swept B.warned C.reminded D.frced
27．A.missed B.hated C.started D.avided
28．A.waved B.held C.pressed D. raised
29．A.shwing up B.wning up C. breaking up D. cming up
30．A.terrr B.surprise C.silence D.shame
31．A.undubtedly B.unfrtunately C.unexpectedly D.uncertainly
32．A.fled B.cntacted C.amazed D.inspired
33．A.pinted B.returned C.shwed D.carried
34．A.disappeared B.finished C.divided D.changed
35．A.threats B.likes C.quality D.success
36．A.principle B.practice C.thery D.law
四、短文填空
37．By bserving the sky, the ancient Chinese divided the sun's annual mtin ①______ 24 equal sectrs, with each ②______ (be) the basis fr ne slar term. The 24 Slar Terms (节气) start frm the "Beginning f Spring" and end with the "Majr Cld".
As early as Shang Dynasty, ur ancestrs set the first fur majr slar terms, ③______ marked the fur seasns. Later they evlved int eight. It was nt until the Western Han Dynasty that the present 24 Slar terms were ④______ (cmplete) established and fficially adpted by the gvernment.
The ⑤______ (lng) f the 24 Slar terms was based n the mvement f the sun, and their names ⑥______ (chse) accrding t the changes in temperature, climate ⑦______ ther aspects f human life. They still serve as an instructin fr farmers, guiding their ⑧______ (agriculture) practices during certain perids f the year. Cmmn peple fllw the calendar. ⑨______ (watch) fr weather changes and live a healthy life.
Each lunar mnth cntains tw slar terms, and each slar term has sme custms. In 2016, the 24 Slar Terms were included n UNESCO's Representative List f ⑩______ Intangible Cultural Heritage f Humanity.
五、短文改错
38．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last Friday's evening, I went t watch the ballet "The White-haired Girl". Because I think ballet was mre r less the same everywhere, I was abslute unprepared fr its unique beauty. I was immersing the mment when the curtain rse. The perfrmance brught abut a lt frm Chinese dance and music, but the Eastern influence n the ballet was clear. The prductin was full f clrs and rmantic symbls, and challenged my senses in many way.
S much did I enjy that it changed my pinin abut ballet. I can't wait t ging again.
六、书面表达
39．假定你是高三学生李华，你的外国笔友Steve询问你的大学专业选择意向，请根据以下要点给他回一封邮件：
1.感谢对方关心；
2.你的选择及理由。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Steve,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
参考答案
1．答案：D
解析：根据第二段中的“The NMC is pen frm 9:00 t 17:00 (last admissin at 16:00) and clses n Mnday.”可知，中国国家博物馆的开放时间为早上9 点到下午5点(最后人场时间为下午4点)，周一闭 馆。D项“在周日上午10点30分。”在中国国家博物 馆开放的时间内。故选D。
2．答案：C
解析：根据第四段“Visitrs can make nline appintments thrugh ur fficial website r fficial scial media platfrm accunt.”可知，游客可以通过中国国家 博物馆的官方网站或官方社交媒体平台账号进行在 线预约。故选C。
3．答案：B
解析：根据第六段中的“If visitrs miss their reserved time perid, they will be refused.”可知,如果 游客错过了他们预约的时间段，将会被拒绝入馆。故 选B。
4．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段"The celebratin lasted thrughut the day and late int the night, with ne traditin fllwing anther.(庆祝活动持续了一整天，一直到深夜，一个传统接一个。)"可知，作者一家在美国依旧按传统方式过 农历新年。故选C项。
5．答案：A
解析：观点态度题。根据第二段最后一句"As we melt int American culture, the 'lden ways', as we call them, have fallen away. Life seems t have gt busier and much mre cmplex, but I ften feel smething is missing. (随着我们融入美国文化，我们所谓的'古老的方式'已经消失了。生活似乎变得更加忙碌和复杂，但 我经常感到缺少了什么。) "可知，作者对于'古老的方式'的消失，感觉心里空落落的，有点失望。故 选A项。
6．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段"My Asian features and skin clr d nt entirely define wh I am.(我的亚裔特征和肤色并不能完全定义 我的身份。)"，及下文"I can't quite fully claim that I am an American and nt fully Asian. There isn't really a check bx that I can mark. I am Chinese-Vietnamese-Asian-American.(我不能 完全说我是美国人而不是完全的亚洲人。没有一个 我可以标记的复选框。我是一个有着中国和越南血 统的亚裔美国人。)"可知，作者用hamburger指代"美国"，用rice指代"亚洲的中国和越南"，指出 了他的两个不同的身份。故选B项。
7．答案：C
解析：写作意图题。根据最后第二段第二句开 始"It saddens me t think they will never be able t experience what my sisters and I did as little kids during this hliday. Recently, fr the first time, I've hung up Lunar New Year decratins arund the huse and replaced ur Christmas wreath(花环)n the frnt dr with decrative firecrackers. In a way, my sns are frcing me t slw dwn and explre my heritage.(想到他们将永远无法体验到我和我的姐 妹们小时候在这个节日里所做的事情，我感到很难 过。最近，第一次，我在房子周围挂了农历新年装 饰，取代了前门的圣诞花环与装饰鞭炮。在某种程 度上，我的儿子们正在迫使我放慢脚步，探索我的 传统。)"及最后一段"I suppse smetimes we need t lk back in rder t gain clarity n the path ahead.(我想，有时候我们需要回顾过去， 才能理清前方的道路。)"可知，作者的两个儿子对中国传统新年没有概念，所以作者想通过这些装 饰，通过自身对传统的探索，来影响孩子们，把旧 的传统传承下去。故选C项。
8．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。由第二段中“This is what Hadj and his friends have been ding fr the past tw years: swinging arund Paris and switching ff wasteful shp signs at night, in an effrt t fight against light pllutin and save energy.(这就是Hadj和他的朋友们在 过去两年里一直在做的事情:在巴黎闲逛，晚上关掉浪费的商店招牌，以对抗光污染和节约能源)”可知，Hadj Benhalima和他的 朋友们晚上想做的是关闭不必要的商店照明灯。故选C项。
9．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。由第四段中“Mre than a decade ag, Paris City Hall issued rders requiring stres t turn ff all signs and windw displays frm I am t 6 am, but they are widely ignred with little cnsequence.(十多年前，巴黎市政厅发布命令，要求商店 在凌晨1点至6点关闭所有标志和橱窗展示，但这些命令被广泛忽视，收效甚微)”可知，政府制定的规则没有得到有效执行。故选D项。
10．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。由倒数第二段中"But the Parkur athletes say all the plice fficers they have met during their runds have allwed their actin—as lng as it causes n damage.(但跑酷运动员表示，他们在跑酷中遇到的所有警察都允许他们的行为 只要不会造成损害) "可知，结合警察的做法，可得出政府对跑酷运动员的行为持支持态度。故选B项。
11．答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。由第二段中"This is what Hadj and his friends have been ding fr the past tw years: swinging arund Paris and switching ff wasteful shp signs at night, in an effrt t fight against light pllutin and save energy.(这就是Hadj和他的朋友们在 过去两年里一直在做的事情:在巴黎闲逛，晚上关掉浪费的商店招牌，以对抗光污染和节约能源) "和全文可知，文章主要讲的 是巴黎年轻运动员利用跑酷来节省能源，D项"巴黎的年轻人如何通过跑酷来帮助节约能源"符合文意。故选D项。
12．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“In the game, the participants were given sets f wrds such as “same, tennis, head” and asked t find a meaningful link between them.(在游戏中，参与者被给予一系列单词，如“相同，网球，头部”，并被要求找出它们之间有意义的联系。)”可知，参与者在研究中需要找出单词之间的联系。故选C。
13．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“This result shwed that the tea drinking event itself—rather than the bilgical cmpnents f tea—played a psitive rle(这一结果表明，饮茶事件本身——而不是茶的生物成分——发挥了积极作用。)”可知，根据研究人员的说法，饮茶本身的动作帮助参与者获得了更高的分数。故选A。
14．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Previus research has fund that peple tend t assciate tea drinking with a specific set f persnality traits, such as smart, creative, elegant, cnfident, and stable.(之前的研究发现，人们倾向于将饮茶与一组特定的个性特征联系在一起，比如聪明、有创造力、优雅、自信和稳定。)”可知，从以前的研究中可以推断出喝茶的人通常被认为是聪明的。故选D。
15．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Drinking a cup f tea can imprve creativity, a study suggests.(一项研究表明，喝一杯茶可以提高创造力。)”可知，本文主要讲的是一项研究表明，喝一杯茶可以提高创造力，因此最好的题目是C选项“Drinking Tea Makes fr Creativity(喝茶有助于创造力)”，故选C。
16．答案：GFDEB
解析：①空处上文"Yu made plans with friends, but when it's time t leave the huse, yu just dn't have the energy. Or, maybe smething else cmes up, and yu can't make it."提到了一些你需要取消计 划的情况，空处下文“But with a few tips, yu can d it plitely.”提到有一些小技巧可以帮助有礼貌地取消 计划。由此可知，本空应是承上启下句，指出计划取 消可能会给人带来困扰，进而引出下文对于“礼貌地 取消计划的方法”的介绍。G项“不管是什么情况，取 消计划都会让人讨厌。”承上启下，其中的the case指 的是上文提到的情况。故选G。
②根据本段的主旨句“Text them as sn as pssible.”可知，本段提出的建议是“尽快给他们发 短信”。根据空处上文“That way，yur friends can rearrange their schedules.”和“If there's an emergency and yu have t cancel the plan at the last minute, that's fine.”可知，这样做的目的是让朋友们有时间重新安 排日程，以避免给他们带来不便和困扰，除非你有紧 急情况，不得不在最后一刻取消安排，否则都应该尽 快给朋友发短信。F项“否则，你应该尽量提前取 消。”再次与本段的段落小标题相呼应。其中，ahead f time 与the last minute 相对应。故选F。
③根据本段的主旨句“Be hnest abut yur situatin.”可知，本段提出的建议是“诚实地说 明自己的情况”。根据空处下文“If yu've encuntered a change in yur schedule, just tell them what it is. Yur friends will be mre understanding if they can tell yu're telling the truth.”可知，如果你的日程发生了变化，只需 告诉朋友实情，这样能够建立更好的信任关系，并且朋友 会更理解你的决定。D项“没有必要对正在发生的事情 撒谎。”符合此处的语境，选项中的lie abut what's ging n与上文中的telling the truth 相呼应。故选D。
④根据本段的主旨句“Ask if yu can reschedule.”可知，本段提出的建议是“询问你们是否 可以重新约时间”。根据空处上文"Instead f saying 'Let's hang ut sn!', pick a new time, s yur friends knw that yu're serius."可知，询问朋友是否可以重 新约时间可以显示出自己的诚意和重视，且有助于朋 友建立朋友对你的信任，并使他们更愿意与你重新安 排时间。E项“这表明你并不只是敷衍他们。”符合语 境。故选E。
⑤空处为段落主旨句。根据下文中的 “ them knw hw much yu appreciate them making plans with yu. This will reassure them that yu lve spending time with them, and it can even help yu feel less guilty, t.”可知，本段的建议是，在告诉朋友你 需要取消计划并道歉之后，你要向朋友表达感谢。这 样可以让他们知道你喜欢和他们在一起(度过时间）。 同时，这也可以帮助你减轻内疚感。B项“谢谢他们 邀请你外出。”能够准确地表达本段的观点。故选B。
17．答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.expected期待; B.tlerated容忍;C.believed相信;D.understd 理解。句意:她不容忍调皮捣蛋。根据上文"scary (令人害怕)"可知，老师是很严厉的，让人害怕的人，所以是不允许学生胡闹。故选B。
18．答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.schl学校; B.place地方;C.actin行动;D.life生活。句意: 她训练我们，督促我们，教我们认真对待学习。根据上文"Miss Baugh was the kind f teacher that everyne had at least nce (Miss Baugh是个大 多数人都遇到的一类老师)"可知，老师会教导我 们认真学对待学习。故选A。
19．答案：D
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.plays玩物; B.shws表演;C.parties政体;D.tricks把戏。句 意:但放学之后我有自己的生活，刚刚发现了一个调皮捣蛋的道具:一个墨水瓶被画成好像是要打翻 了一样。根据下文"an ink bttle painted t lk as thugh it had verturned (一个墨水瓶被画成 好像是要打翻了一样) "可知，作者这里是想愚弄 老师，故选D。
20．答案：C
解析：考查副词及语境理解。A.nrmally正常 地;B.luckily幸运地;C.strangely奇怪地; D.extremely极其地。句意:在所有我可以戏弄的 人当中，奇怪的是我选择了鲍小姐。根据第一 段"Miss Baugh was the kind f teacher that everyne had at least nce: scary. (Miss Baugh是那种让人害怕的老师)"可知，老师让人惧 怕，因此要尽量不找麻烦，但是这里作者选择戏弄 老师，所以做了一件不寻常奇怪的事。故选C。
21．答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.prving证明; B.reprting报告;C.nting指出; D.imagining想象。句意:上课前，我打开她的书，把瓶子放在其 中的一页上，自豪地指出，它看起来确实像洒了墨 水。根据语境可知，作者原本就知道这是恶作剧, 所以骄傲的指出这像洒出来的墨水。故选C。
22．答案：B
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.amused逗乐 的;B.disappinted失望的;C.discuraged受挫 的;D.annyed令人讨厌的。句意:我没有失望。 根据下文"But immediately Miss Baugh discvered(很快老师发现了)"可知，恶作剧之初，我骗到了老师，所以后面才会发现真相，因此 这里是指骗到老师，所以没有感到失望。故选B。
23．答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.cry喊叫; B.call号 召;C.sigh叹气;D.relief释放。句意:当Miss Baugh看到打翻的瓶子时，她叫了出来。根据空前 的let ut cry (叫了出来)可知，老师被骗到以为 墨水洒了，所以会惊恐大叫。故选A。
24．答案：C
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.secret秘密; B.cause原因;C.truth真相;D.result结果。句 意:但Miss Baugh立刻发现了真相。根据语境可知，老师拿起瓶子肯定会发现真相。故选C。
25．答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.pened打开; B.prtected保护;C.adpted收养;D.examined 检查。句意:她拿起瓶子仔细看了看。根据空前的"She picked up the bttle(她拿起瓶子) "可知，老师会拿起瓶子，仔细打量，然后发现真相。 故选D。
26．答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.swept扫; B.warned警告;C.reminded提醒;D.frced逼 迫。句意:她用严厉的目光扫视着教室。根据语境 可知，老师发现是学生恶作剧，会变得严厉，因此会用严厉的目光扫视全班，找出谁在恶作剧。故选 A。
27．答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.missed错过; B.hated讨厌;C.started开始;D.avided避免。 句意:我的一些同学小心翼翼地避免看我，以免暴 露我。根据下文"s as nt t give me away.(以免暴露我)"可知，同学们明知道是我，但是不看 我，要不然就泄露了。故选D。
28．答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.waved挥手; B.held持住;C.pressed按压; D.raised举起。句 意:我平静地举起了手。根据下文"All f my life I've been educated t be hnest.(我一直被教育要诚实)"可知，做好选择诚实，因此会举起手承 认。故选D。
29．答案：B
解析：考查动词短语及语境理解。A. shwing up 出现;B. wning up坦白; C. breaking up破裂; D. cming up提出。句意:我忍不住坦白了。另 外，我想要回我的瓶子。根据上文"All f my life I've been educated t be hnest.(我一直被教育 要诚实)"，可知，作者举手是要坦白承认自己恶作剧。故选B。
30．答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.terrr恐惧; B.surprise惊喜;C.silence沉默;D.shame羞愧。 句意:Miss Baugh盯着我的眼神让我心惊胆战。 根据第一段"Miss Baugh was the kind f teacher that everyne had at least nce: scary. ( Miss Baugh是那种让人害怕的老师)"可知，这里老师让 人恐惧，与上文scary属于前后统一。故选A。
31．答案：C
解析：考查副词及语境理解。A.undubtedly毫 无疑问地;B.unfrtunately不幸地; C.unexpectedly出乎意料地;D.uncertainly不确定 地。句意:然后，最出乎意料的是，她笑了。根据 第一段"She drilled us and grilled us and taught us(她训练我们，鞭策我们) "可知，作者以为老 师会严厉的批评，但是下句"she laughed (她笑了)"可知，老师的举动与作者之前的认知不一 致，所以是出乎意料。故选C。
32．答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.fled愚弄; B.cntacted联系;C.amazed给惊喜;D.inspired 启发。句意:好吧，它确实把我忽悠了!根据上下语境可知，老师检查瓶子之后才发现真相，说明这个恶作剧骗到了老师，所以这里指老师被骗了。故选A。
33．答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.pinted指出; B.returned归还;C.shwed展示;D.carried携 带。句意:她说着，把瓶子还给了我。根据上文"I wanted my bttle back(我想要回瓶子) "以及 意为归还，可知，此处老师把瓶子还 给了我。故选B。
34．答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.disappeared消失; B.finished完成;C.divided分割;D.changed 改变。句意:但无论如何，对我来说，有些事情已经改变了。根据上下语境可知，作者认为老师很严厉，但现在却把瓶子还给我，没有严厉批评我，因 此我对老师的看法发生了改变。故选D。
35．答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.threats威胁; B.likes像这样的人;C.quality质量;D.success成 功。句意:我开始明白，如果连Miss Baugh这样 的人在严厉的目光背后都是一个温暖的人，那么其 他严厉的人可能同样是很善良的。根据所给句子及上下句意可知，这里作者在描述像老师这样的人。 即外表严厉，内心温暖的人。故选B。
36．答案：C
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.principle原则; B.practice练习;C.thery理论;D.law法律法规。 句意:在我的生活中，我很高兴地多次证明了这个 理论。根据上下句意可知，这里作者在描述像老师 这样外表严厉的人，其实内心很温暖，这是我经过这次恶作剧之后，总结出来的一个理论。故选C。
37．答案：int；being；which；cmpletely；length；were chsen；and；agricultural；t watch；the
解析：①考查固定短语。句意:通过观察天空，古代中国人将太阳每年的运动分为24个相等的扇区，每个扇区是一个节气的基础。固定短语(把……分成)。故填int。
②考查现在分词。句意:通过观察天空，古代中国人将太阳每年的运动分为24个相等的扇区，每个扇区是一个节气的基础。此处是"with+宾语补足语"的复合结构;宾语each和be之间逻辑上为主动关系，be用现在分词形式作宾语补足语。故填being。
③考查定语从句。句意:早在商朝，我们的祖先就设定了第一个四大节气，标志着四季。分析句子结构，设空处后是非限制性定语从句，先行词the first fur majr slar terms，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
④考查副词。句意:直到西汉，现在的二十四节气才被政府完全确立和正式采用。修饰过去分词established，应用副词 cmpletely作状语。故填cmpletely。
⑤考查名词。句意:二十四节气的长度是以太阳的运动为基础的，它们的名称是根据温度、气候和人类生活的其他方 面的变化而选择的。分析句子结构，所填词在句中作主语，因此用名词;lng是形容词，名词形式为length。故填length。
⑥考查时态和语态。句意:二十四节气的长度是以太阳的运动为基础的，它们的名称是根据温度、气候和人类生活的其他方面的变化而选择的。分析句子结构，结合并列句谓语was based n用一般过去时，可知本句也用一般过去时，主语their names和谓语动词chse是被动关系，主语复数，谓语复数形式。故填were chsen。
⑦考查并列连词。句意:二十四节气的长度是以太阳的运动为基础的，它们的名称是根据温度、气候和人类生活的其 他方面的变化而选择的。temperature, climate和ther aspects f human life是并列关系，用并列连词and。故填and。
⑧考查形容词。句意:它们仍然是对农民的一种指导，在一年中的某些时期指导他们的农业做法。形容词agricultural作 定语，修饰名词practices。故填agricultural。
⑨考查不定式。句意:普通人按照日历来观察天气变化，过着健康的生活。结合句意，watch用不定式形式作目的状 语。故填t watch。
⑩考查定冠词。句意:2016年，二十四节气被列入联合国教科文组织《人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录》。特指人类 非物质文化遗产代表作名录，用定冠词the。故填the。
38．答案：
Last evening, I went t watch the ballet "The White-haired Girl". Because I ballet was mre r less the same everywhere, I was unprepared fr its unique beauty. I was the mment the curtain rse. The perfrmance brught a lt frm Chinese dance and music, the Eastern influence n the ballet was clear. The prductin was full f clrs and rmantic symbls, and challenged my senses in many .
S much did I enjy that it changed my pinin abut ballet. I can't wait t again.
解析：1.考查时间状语。句意:上星期五晚上我去看了芭蕾舞《白毛女》。表示“上周五晚”，用last Friday evening，此处直接用Friday作定语。故将Friday's改为Friday。
2.考查动词时态。句意:因为我认为芭蕾在任何地方或多或少都是一样的，所以我对它独特的美完全没有准备。根据第一句中的went可知，此文描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故将think改为thught。
3.考查副词。句意:因为我认为芭蕾在任何地方或多或少都是一样的，所以我对它独特的美完全没有准备。修饰unprepared"无准备的"，用副词作状语，abslute为形容词，应该改为对应的副词形式 abslutely。故将abslute改为 abslutely。
4.考查形容词。句意:幕布一升起，我就被吸引住了。此处修饰主语I，表示人的感情，应用-ed结尾形容词immersed“专注的"。故将immersing改为immersed。
5.考查从属连词。句意:幕布一升起，我就被吸引住了。此句中 the mment引导时间状语从句,when与其重复。故将when去掉。
6.考查介词。句意:这部作品引入了很多中国舞蹈和音乐。根据句意可知，此处是固定短语bring in"引入"。故将 abut改为in。
7.考查并列连词。句意:表演引入了很多中国舞蹈和音乐，所以东方对芭蕾的影响是显而易见的。由句意可知， the Eastern influence n the ballet was clear是逗号前句子的结果，应用s引出结果。故将but改为s。
8.考查名词复数。句意:表演引入了很多中国舞蹈和音乐，所以东方对芭蕾的影响是显而易见的。此处表示“在许多方面”，用way的复数形式，构成短语in many ways。故将way改为ways。
9.考查代词。句意:我非常喜欢它，以至于它改变了我对芭蕾舞的看法。本句为引导的结果状语从句，enjy后缺少宾语，指代这场芭蕾舞表演，用代词it。故在that前加it。
10.考查非谓语动词。句意:我等不及要再去了!固定短语can't wait t d sth."迫不及待做某事"，t后面用动词原形构成不定式。故将ging改为g。
39．答案：
Dear Steve,
Thanks fr yur cncern abut my intentin t chse a majr in the university, and nw I am writing t tell yu that I have decided t majr in cmputer science.
There are sme reasns why I made such a decisin. First and fremst, with the develpment f sciety, cmputers are playing an vital rle in many aspects f ur life. Further mre, brwsing the Internet is ne f my hbbies, s I think I can study cmputer science well. Last but nt least, being gd at cmputer science may help me find a gd jb after graduating frm cllege.
If I can learn cmputer science there as I wish, I will fcus n it and study hard t develp sme sftware.
Best wishes！
Yurs,
Li Hua
Dear Steve,
Thank yu fr caring abut my majr chice. With s many majrs t chse frm, I feel it essential and challenging t make a decisin. Everything taken int accunt, I wuld like t majr in medicine at cllege. The reasns are listed as fllws.
First and fremst, bth my parents are medical wrkers, wh have great influences n me. Besides, I d well in science n my study, which cntributes t the chice. What's mre, it is dctrs and nurses that heal the wunded and rescue the dying, especially during the pandemic, and I want t be ne f them.
I will spare n effrt t wrk fr my ideal majr and make my dream cme true.
Yurs,
Li Hua
解析：