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第01讲 名词（练习）-备战2024中考英语一轮复习精品课件+讲义+练习（全国通用）
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第01讲 名词（模拟精练+真题演练）一、根据提示写单词1．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）Do you often take part in your school a ?【答案】(a)ctivities【详解】句意：你经常参加学校的活动吗？根据“take part in your school”及首字母可知，此处指参加学校的活动，activity“活动”，学校活动不止一个，应填复数形式，故填(a)ctivities。2．（2023·安徽·模拟预测）Some children are throwing s (石头) into the river happily.【答案】(s)tones【详解】句意：一些孩子们正开心地往河里扔石头。根据汉语提示可知，此处填“stone石头”，stone为可数名词，根据提示语可知，此处没有冠词，因此需用复数stones。故填stones。3．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）Sam is a good teacher with lots of (经验) in teaching.【答案】experience【详解】句意：山姆是一位有丰富教学经验的好老师。experience“经验”，不可数名词，作宾语。故填experience。4．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）Thomas Edison was a great American (发明家).【答案】inventor【详解】句意：托马斯·爱迪生是一位伟大的美国发明家。根据“a great American”可知此空处是一个名词的单数形式，inventor“发明家”。故填inventor。5．（2023·浙江·模拟预测） (挑战) and chance always come together.【答案】Challenge【详解】句意：挑战和机遇总是相伴而来。challenge“挑战”，名词；由“and chance”可知，and表示并列，连接的两个并列成分形式要一致，故此处用名词单数，句首首字母大写。故填Challenge。6．（2023下·济宁·二模）It’s my (乐意) to help you with the work.【答案】pleasure 【详解】句意：能帮你做这项工作是我的荣幸。根据“It’s my...to help you with the work.”和汉语提示可知，句子为it的固定句式“It’s+n.+to do sth”表示“做某事是……”，形容词性物主代词my后需填名词单数或不可数名词，pleasure“乐意，荣幸”，不可数名词。故填pleasure。7．（2023·宣城·模拟预测）There are some d (不同) between the two cities.【答案】(d)ifferences【详解】句意：这两个城市有一些不同。difference“不同，差异”，根据are可知，此空应填复数名词，故填(d)ifferences。8．（2023·安徽·模拟预测）The activities help children to develop a sense of their own w （价值）.【答案】(w)orth【详解】句意：这些活动帮助孩子们培养对自身价值的认识。根据汉语及首字母提示可知，此处用worth表示“价值”，不可数名词。故填(w)orth。9．（2023·芜湖·模拟预测）Proper s (技能) are as important as hard work in learning something.【答案】(s)kills【详解】句意：正确的技能和努力学习一样重要。技能：skill，根据“are”可知句子主语用名词复数。故填(s)kills。10．（2023·芜湖·模拟预测）We must try to catch every c (机会) because it never waits for anybody.【答案】(c)hance【详解】句意：我们必须努力抓住每一个机会，因为它从不等待任何人。根据“We must try to catch every…”可知，空处应填单数名词，名词chance意为“机会”。故填(c)hance。二、用所给单词适当形式填空11．（2023·包头·三模）To improve the in the countryside, the country sends many teachers there every year. (educate)【答案】education【详解】句意：为了改善农村的教育，国家每年都向那里派遣许多教师。分析“To improve the...in the countryside,”可知，此空缺名词，educate“教育”的名词形式为education，名词作宾语，故填education。12．（2023·包头·三模） for Friday? Sorry, we’ve got none left. How about Saturday? (ticket)【答案】Tickets【详解】句意：星期五的票？对不起，一张也没有了。星期六怎么样？ticket“票”，为可数名词，结合语境，星期五的票应不止一张，此空应用ticket的复数形式。故填Tickets。13．（2023·定西·一模）We’ve run into (difficulty) with the new project.【答案】difficulties【详解】句意：我们在新项目上遇到了困难。difficulty“困难”，名词。句子缺少宾语， 空前没有不定冠词，所以填名词复数difficulties泛指类别。故填difficulties。14．（2023·庆阳·一模）Emily had no (choose) but to wait for her mother to open the door.【答案】choice【详解】句意：Emily除了等待她母亲开门别无选择。根据语境及句子成分可知，设空处需填入名词作宾语。choose“选择”，动词，其名词形式为choice。have no choice but to do sth.“别无选择，只能做某事”。故填choice。15．（2023·兰州·一模）These whales are 43 (foot) long, 50 to 70 tons.【答案】feet【详解】句意：这些鲸鱼有43英尺长，50到70吨重。foot“英尺”，可数名词，基数词43后加名词复数，foot的复数是feet。故填feet。16．（2023·黑龙江·二模）Could you give me some (advise) on how to live a happy life?【答案】advice【详解】句意：你能给我一些关于如何过上幸福生活的建议吗？some后接可数名词复数或不可数名词；advice“建议”，不可数名词，无复数形式。故填advice。17．（2023·黑龙江·二模）Thanks to his enough (prepare), he made it at last.【答案】preparation【详解】句意：多亏了充分的准备，他终于成功了。enough是形容词，此处应填名词preparation“准备”，故填preparation。18．（2023·无锡·二模）At the concert, those (music) skills impressed the little boy so much.【答案】musicians’【详解】句意：在音乐会上，那些音乐家的技巧给小男孩留下了深刻的印象。music表示“音乐”，空后是名词“技巧”，结合语境可知，是指音乐家的演奏技巧，musician“音乐家”，those后加名词复数，此处应用名词复数所有格形式修饰名词skills，故填musicians’。19．（2023·镇江·二模）Zibo has become one of China’s most popular tourist attractions this year. Large numbers of （visit）go there to enjoy the delicious barbecue.【答案】visitors【详解】句意：淄博已成为今年中国最受欢迎的旅游景点之一。大量的游客去那里享受美味的烧烤。根据“Large numbers of ”可知，此空应填复数名词，visitors“游客”，故填visitors。20．（2023·连云港·二模）Is Mr.Wu patient enough to spend enough time explaining math (问题) to you?【答案】problems【详解】句意：吴老师有足够的耐心花足够的时间给你解释数学难题吗？根据汉语提示可知，空处应填problem“问题”，可数名词，分析句子可知，此处使用复数形式，表示问题不止一个。故填problems。21．（2023·昆明·二模）President Xi said, “The people are true , for it is they who create history.” (hero)【答案】heroes【详解】句意：习主席说，“人民是真正的英雄，因为正是他们创造了历史。”hero“英雄”，可数名词，根据are可知此空应填复数形式，故填heroes。22．（2023·昆明·三模）You can see more than one in the concert. (music)【答案】musicians【详解】句意：在音乐会上你能看到不止一位音乐家。more than one后接可数名词复数，此处用music的名词musician表示“音乐家”，其复数为musicians。故填musicians。23．（2023·昆明·三模）Finally she made a to go on climbing the mountain although she was badly hurt. (decide)【答案】decision【详解】句意：尽管她伤得很重，最终她还是决定继续爬山。根据“made a …”可知，此处应用名词单数形式，作宾语。再结合提示词可推测，该动词对应的名词单数形式为decision，与之构成短语“made a decision”，意为“做了一个决定”。故填decision。24．（2023·昆明·一模）Children should be encouraged to tell the instead of telling a lie whenever they do something wrong. （true）【答案】truth【详解】句意：当孩子们做错事时，应该鼓励孩子们说真话，而不是撒谎。根据“the”可知空缺处用名词，故填truth。25．（2023·昆明·一模）At the age of 6, Mike became one of the youngest in this country. （act）【答案】actors【详解】句意：在六岁的时候，Mike成为了这个国家最年轻的演员之一。act“表演”，是动词，one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词，表示“最……的……之一”，因此用复数名词actors“演员”，故填actors。26．（2023·包头·三模）He is generally considered to be one of the greatest in modern China.(write)【答案】writers【详解】句意：他被普遍认为是中国现代最伟大的作家之一。one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数+比较范围，表示“……中最……之一”，所以空处用write的名词writer“作家”的复数形式，故填writers。27．（2023·阜新·二模）These (sheep) are fed well by the old man. All of them look fat.【答案】sheep【详解】句意：这些羊被这位老人喂养得很好。它们看起来全都很肥。根据指示代词“these”和be动词“are”为复数形式，可知此处应使用名词复数，而“sheep”为单复同形的单词。故填sheep。28．（2023·包头·三模）The never dreamed of having a chance for him to win the first prize in the 100-meter race. (compete)【答案】competitor【详解】句意：这位选手做梦也想不到自己有机会在100米比赛中获得第一名。根据题目可知，此处缺乏主语，应将动词compete“竞争”，转变为名词competitor“竞争者”作为主语。故填competitor。29．（2023·达州·一模）To my surprise, the of the machine is a middle school student. (invent)【答案】inventor【详解】句意：令我惊讶的是，这台机器的发明者是一名中学生。根据“of the machine is a middle school student.”可知，此处指的是inventor“发明者”，句中动词是“is”，名词应用单数形式，故填inventor。30．（2023·河东·二模）My English teacher asked me to write a brief (introduce) to Ningyuan Tower.【答案】introduction【详解】句意：我的英语老师让我写一篇关于宁远塔的简短介绍。introduce“介绍”，是动词，有不定冠词a修饰，用单数名词，故填introduction。31．（2023·陇南·二模）Kate wants to be a (sing) when she grows up.【答案】singer【详解】句意：凯特长大后想成为一名歌手。sing“唱歌”，动词；根据“Kate wants to be a ... when she grows up.”可知，凯特想成为一名歌手；singer“歌手”，名词；由空前的“a”可知，此处应用名词单数。故填singer。32．（2023·包头·二模）We expect to see further in your work this term. (improve)【答案】improvement【详解】句意：我们期望看到你这学期的工作有进一步的进步。improve“提高”，是动词，此处位于further“更进一步的”后，应用名词improvement，故填improvement。33．（2023·武汉·一模）Miss Smith gave us some (suggest) about how to improve spoken English.【答案】suggestions【详解】句意：史密斯小姐就如何提高英语口语给了我们一些建议。根据“some”可知填名词复数形式，suggestion“建议”，可数名词。故填suggestions。34．（2023·南京·二模）Having been introduced in many cities, therapy dogs provide a great (serve) for patients in need.【答案】service【详解】句意：治疗犬已经被引入许多城市，为有需要的病人提供了很棒的服务。根据“a”可知，此空应填serve对应的名词service“服务”，故填service。35．（2023·楚雄·二模）An (agree) is required to bring an end to the fight between the two countries.【答案】agreement【详解】句意：要结束两国之间的争斗，必须达成协议。agree意为“同意”，是动词，根据不定冠词“An”可知，此处应填单数可数名词，agree的名词为agreement，意为“协议”，故填agreement。36．（2023·淮安·三模）If we don’t pay attention to food (safe), our heath will be in danger.【答案】safety【详解】句意：如果我们不注意食品安全，我们的健康就会受到威胁。food saftey“食品安全”，此处填名词形式，在句中作宾语。故填safety。37．（2023·淮安·三模）In spring, we can see (leaf) turn green and everything seems energetic and active.【答案】leaves【详解】句意：在春天，我们可以看到树叶变绿，一切似乎都充满活力。根据“we can see…(leaf) turn green”可知，此处表示泛指，应该用可数名词的复数。故填leaves。38．（2023·杨浦·三模）He was really too old for children’s (toy).【答案】toys【详解】句意：他真的太大了，不适合玩儿童玩具。toy“玩具”，可数名词，此处应用复数表泛指。故填toys。39．（22·23下·杨浦·二模）Bees and are attracted by the beautiful flowers in the garden. (butterfly)【答案】butterflies【详解】句意：花园里美丽的花朵吸引了蜜蜂和蝴蝶。根据Bees可知空处用名词复数。butterfly名词，“蝴蝶”，butterflies复数形式。 故填butterflies。40．（2023·昭通·二模）Susan has been the of the game three years in a row. (win)【答案】winner【详解】句意：苏珊已经连续三年成为比赛的获胜者。win“获胜”，动词；winner“获胜者”，可数名词，该句中指苏珊，所以是单数。故填winner。三、单项选择41．The ________ are going to fly to Beijing next month.A．Germany B．Germen C．Germans【答案】C【详解】句意：这些德国人下个月将要飞去北京。考查名词变复数。Germany德国；Germen错误表达；Germans德国人，复数。根据“are going to fly to”可知，此处应指“德国人”，结合“are”可知应该用German的复数Germans。故选C。42．（2023·张掖·一模）Both ________ watches were broken.A．Jim and Tom’s B．Jim’s and Tom’s C．Jim’s and Tom D．Jim and Tom【答案】B【详解】句意：吉姆和汤姆的表都坏了。考查名词所有格。根据“watches”可知，此处指他们各自的表，表示各自拥有，都需要加’s，即Jim’s nd Tom’s表示两人各自的。 故选B43．（2023·乐山·二模）There are 60 ______ in our school and they are all patient with students.A．woman teacher B．women teachers C．woman teacher【答案】B【详解】句意：我们学校有60名女教师，她们对学生都很有耐心。考查复合名词的复数形式。数词60后加名词复数，woman teacher“女老师”，其复数形式为women teachers。故选B。44．（2023·邵阳·二模）—Excuse me, is the cinema far from here?—No. It’s about ________.A．5 minutes’ walk B．5 minute’s walk C．5 minutes walk【答案】A【详解】句意：——对不起，电影院离这儿远吗？——不远。步行大约5分钟。考查时间来表示路程。当使用时间表示路程时，要用名词所有格，5后接minute的复数，再变所有格，5 minutes’walk为正确的表达格式。故选A。45．（2023·南岸·一模）There are more _______ teachers in this primary school now.A．man B．man’s C．men D．men’s【答案】C【详解】句意：现在小学有更多的男老师。考查复合名词的复数。这里根据“teachers”可知，是复数，man作定语时，man与被修饰的名词都要变成复数，men teachers“男教师”。故选C。46．（2023·巴南·一模）There are about 120 ________ in this hospital. They are very active and patient.A．woman doctors B．women doctors C．women doctor D．woman doctor【答案】B【详解】句意：这家医院大约有120名女医生。他们非常积极和耐心。考查复合名词变复数。根据其前的are和120，可知其后需要可数名词的复数形式；doctor的复数形式为doctors，doctor前有man或woman修饰时，变复数时需要把两个词都变为复数形式，“女医生们”应该为women doctors。故选B。47．（2023·安徽·一模）—Why do you think spring is the most beautiful?—I love spring because when spring comes, the ______ all over the mountains turn green.A．leaf B．leafs C．leafes D．leaves【答案】D【详解】句意：——为什么你认为春天是最漂亮的？——我喜欢春天，因为当春天来的时候漫山遍野的树叶会变绿。考查名词。根据“all over the mountains turn green”可知，此处“leaf”应该用复数。名词“leaf”的复数形式是“leaves”。故选D。48．（2023·白银·一模）This is ________ room and it looks so tidy. We should learn from them.A．Tom and Jerry’s B．Tom’s and Jerry’s C．Tom’s and Jerry D．Tom and Jerry【答案】A【详解】句意：这是汤姆和杰瑞的房间，它看起来很整洁。我们应该向他们学习。考查名词所有格。Tom and Jerry’s汤姆和杰瑞的（共同拥有）；Tom’s and Jerry’s汤姆的和杰瑞的（分别拥有）；Tom’s and Jerry错误表达；Tom and Jerry汤姆和杰瑞。根据“room”可知，此处使用名词所有格表示所属关系，结合“it”可知，此处表示他们共同拥有一个房间。故选A。49．（2023·崇明·一模）Uncle Tom keeps many ________ on his farm and lives a happy life there.A．cat B．dog C．sheep D．chicken【答案】C【详解】句意：汤姆叔叔在他的农场里养了很多羊，过着幸福的生活。考查名词辨析。cat猫，可数名词；dog狗，可数名词；sheep羊，是单数也是复数；chicken鸡，可数名词。根据many可知，此空应填复数形式，故选C。50．The Internet is very useful. We can get much ________ from it.A．idea B．message C．game D．information【答案】D【详解】句意：互联网非常有用。我们可以从中得到很多信息。考查名词辨析。idea想法；message信息；game游戏；information消息。much修饰不可数名词，而ABC都是可数名词，故选D。51．（2023·宿迁·一模）Yan Ning is an excellent scientist who will return to China in the near future. She wants to make a ________to her motherland.A．celebration B．conversation C．contribution D．collection【答案】C【详解】句意：颜宁是一位优秀的科学家，不久将回国。她想为她的祖国做贡献。考查名词辨析。celebration庆祝；conversation谈话；contribution贡献；collection收集。短语make a contribution to表示“为……做贡献”，符合题意。故选C。52．（2023·无锡·一模）The core（核心）of your ________ is that you and your work partner will always be there to help each other in a team.A．friendship B．membership C．relationship D．leadership【答案】C【详解】句意：你们关系的核心是你和你的工作伙伴总是会在一个团队中帮助彼此。考查名词辨析。friendship友谊；membership会员，会员资格；relationship关系，联系；leadership领导，领导地位。根据“that you and your work partner will always be there to help each other in a team”可知，此处应该表示你和你的工作伙伴的关系，故选C。53．（2022·保定）—You look so young, Mrs Green. Could you tell me how old you are? —Oh, sorry. It’s a(n) ________.A．problem B．instruction C．secret D．business【答案】C【详解】句意：——格林夫人，你看起来好年轻。可以告诉我你的年纪吗？——噢，对不起。这是一个秘密。考查名词辨析。problem“问题”；instruction“指导”；secret“秘密”；business“生意”。从题干可知，格林夫人不想告知，年龄是个秘密。选项C符合。故选C。54．（2022·金昌·一模）—Would you please give me two ________? —Sure, here you are.A．cup of tea B．cups of teas C．cups of tea D．cup of teas【答案】C【详解】句意：——请给我两杯茶好吗？——当然，给你。考查名词复数。根据空格前数词“two”可知空格处名词用复数，cup的复数cups，tea是不可数名词，“两杯茶”是two cups of tea。故选C。55．（2022·芜湖·三模）—Miss Yang, do you think I can realize my dream? —Sure. You’ll always have the ________ to be successful if you keep working on it.A．chance B．result C．need D．action【答案】A【详解】句意：——杨小姐，你认为我能实现我的梦想吗?——当然。如果你坚持努力，你永远有机会成功。 考查名词辨析。chance机会；result结果；need需要；action行动；根据“to be successful if you keep working on it.”可知，如果坚持的话，是有机会成功的，故选A。56．（2022·徐州·中考真题）From my ________ on the top of the TV tower, I can have a perfect view of our city.A．tradition B．condition C．position D．situation【答案】C【详解】句意：从我在电视塔顶部的位置，我可以完美地看到我们的城市。考查名词辨析。tradition传统；condition条件；position位置；situation形式，情况。根据“on the top of the TV tower,”可知，此处是要表示一个位置。故选C。57．—How can Linda say bad words about me? I thought we were good friends.—Who told you that? Friends need ________.A．courage B．trust C．pleasure D．success【答案】B【详解】句意：——琳达怎么能说我坏话？我以为我们是好朋友。——谁告诉你的？朋友之间需要信任。考查名词辨析。courage勇气；trust信任；pleasure愉快；success成功。根据“Who told you that?”可知，朋友之间的友谊不能只道听途说，是需要信任的。故选B。58．（2022·常州·一模）The factory cannot continue its level of ________ because the cost of the material has risen a lot. A．instruction B．production C．contribution D．celebration【答案】B【详解】句意：由于材料成本上涨了很多，工厂不能继续它的生产水平了。考查名词辨析。instruction指示，说明；production生产，产量；contribution贡献；celebration庆祝。结合语境可知本句说的是工厂的生产水平与原料价格之间的关系，所以空处用名词production。故选B。59．（2022·南通·一模）The number of the words in your article isn’t important, but the _________ of it matters.A．ability B．size C．quality D．energy【答案】C【详解】句意：在你的文章中字数不重要，但它的质量很重要。考查名词辨析。ability能力；size尺寸；quality质量；energy能量。根据“The number of the words in your article isn’t important”可知文章的字数不重要，结合常识可知重要是是质量。故选C。60．（2023·黄浦·一模）The government has made some _________ in environment protection.A．mistake B．decision C．change D．progress【答案】D【详解】句意：政府在环境保护方面取得了一些进展。考查名词的数。mistake错误；decision决定；change变化；progress进展。mistake，decision和change为可数名词，progress为不可数名词，some+可数名词复数或者不可数名词，故选D。一、根据提示写单词1．（2023·杭州·中考真题）The train j from Hangzhou to Shanghai takes about 40 minutes.【答案】(j)ourney【详解】句意：从杭州到上海的火车旅程大约需要40分钟。根据“from Hangzhou to Shanghai takes about 40 minutes.”可知此处是指火车的旅程，应用名词journey。故填(j)ourney。2．（2023·杭州·中考真题）I like to spend time with my parents on Saturdays and S .【答案】(S)undays【详解】句意：我喜欢在星期六和星期天与父母共度时光。根据“on Saturdays and S…”可知，空处与星期六对应，表示Sunday“星期日”，也用复数。故填(S)undays。3．（2023·宜宾·中考真题）Spring is my favorite s because different kinds of flowers come out.【答案】(s)eason【详解】句意：春天是我最喜欢的季节，因为有不同种类的花。根据“Spring”可知春天是一个季节，season“季节”，此处用名词原形。故填(s)eason。4．（2023·成都·中考真题）Humor is a type of language art, which brings a lot of p and laughter to our daily life.【答案】(p)leasure【详解】句意：幽默是一种语言艺术，它给我们的日常生活带来了许多乐趣和笑声。根据“Humor”和“laughter to our daily life.”可知是指幽默可以给生活带来乐趣和笑声。pleasure“乐趣”，名词。故填(p)leasure。5．（2023·达州·中考真题）We may meet many challenges in our lives. When we fail, we shouldn’t lose c and confidence.【答案】(c)ourage【详解】句意：我们在生活中可能会遇到许多挑战。当我们失败时，我们不应该失去勇气和信心。根据“We may meet many challenges in our lives. When we fail, we shouldn’t lose c...and confidence.”可知，失败时不应该失去勇气和信心，courage“勇气”，在动词后作宾语。故填(c)ourage。6．（2022·内蒙古·中考真题）I’m sure that you will make great p as long as you stick to good methods.【答案】(p)rogress【详解】句意：我相信只要你坚持好的方法，你会取得很大的进步。根据首字母提示及“as long as you stick to good methods.”可知，此处指的是“取得很大的进步”，progress“进步”，不可数名词，故填(p)rogress。7．（2022·四川·中考真题）In most countries, people usually eat traditional food on special h .【答案】(h)olidays【详解】句意：在大多数国家，人们通常在特殊节日吃传统食物。根据“people usually eat traditional food on special”及首字母可知，在特殊节日吃传统食物，holiday“假日，节日”，此空应填名词复数形式表示泛指，故填(h)olidays。8．（2022·六盘水·中考真题）A giraffe is a large African animal with a very long n , long legs.【答案】(n)eck【详解】句意：长颈鹿是一种巨大的非洲动物，脖子很长，腿很长。根据“A giraffe”及首字母n可推出长颈鹿有长长的脖子，neck“脖子”，a后用单数形式。故填(n)eck。9．（2022·日照·中考真题）My friend gave me some a on how to keep a pet.【答案】(a)dvice【详解】句意：我的朋友就如何养宠物给了我一些建议。 根据“gave me some … on how to keep a pet”及首字母可知，就如何养宠物给了一些建议，advice“建议”，不可数名词，故填(a)dvice。10．（2022·甘南·中考真题）Parents should know that comparing their kids with other children is not good for the kid’s (发展).【答案】development【详解】句意：父母应该知道，将孩子与其他孩子进行比较对孩子的发展没有好处。development“发展”，名词作宾语。故填development。11．（2022·甘南·中考真题）To our (惊讶), there have been more than 140 million COVID-19 infections in the US.【答案】surprise【详解】句意：令我们惊讶的是，美国已经有超过1.4亿人感染了新冠肺炎。to one’s surprise“令某人惊讶的”，为固定短语。故填surprise。12．（2022·甘南·中考真题）Because of busy work, Jason refused his friend’s (邀请).【答案】invitation【详解】句意：由于工作繁忙，杰森拒绝了朋友的邀请。invitation“邀请”，名词作宾语。故填invitation。13．（2022·内蒙古·中考真题）Lots of children lost their homes because of （战争）, so we should keep the peace.【答案】wars【详解】句意：许多孩子因为战争失去了家园，所以我们应该维护和平。war“战争”，此处表示复数含义，使用名词复数形式。故填wars。14．（2022·桂林·中考真题）I bought a new house with five (卧室) and two bathrooms.【答案】bedrooms【详解】句意：我买了一套五室两卫的新房子。bedroom“卧室”，此前有five修饰，使用名词复数形式，故填bedrooms。15．（2022·盐城·中考真题）Fishing in Snow, written by Liu Zongyuan, is one of my favourite （诗歌）.【答案】poems【详解】句意：柳宗元的《江雪》是我最喜欢的诗歌之一。poem“诗歌”，one of后加名词复数形式，故填poems。16．（2022·青岛·中考真题）Our monitor won the first （奖）in our school talent show. All of us take pride in him.【答案】prize【详解】句意：我们的班长在我们学校的才艺表演中获得了一等奖。我们都以他为荣。prize“奖”，名词，故填prize。17．（2022·南通·中考真题）More and more people use cloth bags to reduce (污染) when shopping.【答案】pollution【详解】句意：越来越多的人在购物时使用布袋来减少污染。pollution“污染”，是不可数名词，故填pollution。18．（2022·宜宾·中考真题）Schools should help parents realize the (重要性) of family education.【答案】importance【详解】句意：学校应该帮助家长认识到家庭教育的重要性。importance“重要性”，是不可数名词，故填importance。19．（2022·南通·中考真题）—Do you think he is telling the ?—Of course. He is an honest boy.【答案】truth【详解】句意：——你认为他说的是实话吗？——当然。他是个诚实的男孩。根据“He is an honest boy.”可知他是个诚实的孩子，所以说的是实话，tell the truth“说实话”，故填truth。20．（2022·南通·中考真题）—Alice, who is the first man to walk on the Moon’s (the outside or top part of something)?—Sorry, I don’t know. Let’s ask Mr. Xu about it.【答案】surface 【详解】句意：——艾丽斯，谁是第一个在月球表面行走的人？——对不起，我不知道。我们问问徐先生吧。根据英文解释“the outside or top part of something”可知是指月球的表面，surface“表面”，名词，故填surface。二、单项选择21．（2022·西藏·中考真题）More and more ________ want to learn about Chinese culture.A．Germans B．German C．Germany D．Germans’【答案】A【详解】句意：越来越多的德国人想了解中国文化。考查词义辨析和名词复数。Germans德国人，名词复数；German德国人，名词单数；Germany德国；Germans’表述错误。“More and more”修饰可数名词复数，指人想了解中国文化。故选A。22．（2022·益阳·中考真题）Look! There are some ________ eating grass on the hill.A．sheep B．cow C．horse【答案】A【详解】句意：看！有一些绵羊在山上吃草。考查名词辨析。sheep绵羊；cow奶牛；horse马。根据“some”可知其后用可数名词复数，sheep单复数同形，其他选项均为单数。故选A。23．（2022·湘西·中考真题）I’m not hungry at all because I just ate much ________.A．apples B．bananas C．bread【答案】C【详解】句意：我一点儿也不饿因为我刚吃了许多面包。考查名词辨析。apples苹果，可数名词复数；bananas香蕉，可数名词复数；bread面包，不可数名词。根据“much”可知此处用不可数名词。故选C。24．（2022·邵阳·中考真题）— Would you like some ________?— Yes, madam.A．egg B．juice C．milk teas【答案】B【详解】句意：——你想要些果汁吗？——是的，夫人。考查名词辨析。egg鸡蛋；juice果汁；milk teas错误表达，奶茶是不可数名词，不可以加s。some修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，只有B选项符合，故选B。25．（2022·哈尔滨·中考真题）The ________ is China’s national treasure. It’s a kind of cute animal that likes eating bamboo.A．panda B．tiger C．elephant【答案】A【详解】句意：熊猫是中国的国宝。它是一种喜欢吃竹子的可爱动物。考查名词辨析。panda熊猫；tiger老虎；elephant大象。根据“China’s national treasure”和“It’s a kind of cute animal that likes eating bamboo.”可知，此处指熊猫。故选A。26．（2022·绥化·中考真题）________ father is a pilot. He has been to many countries around the world.A．Tony and Peter’s B．Tony’s and Peter C．Tony’s and Peter’s【答案】A【详解】句意：托尼和彼得的爸爸是飞行员。他去过世界上许多国家。考查名词所有格。根据“father”可知，此处指两个人共有的爸爸，在后一个人名后加’s，故选A。27．（2022·武威·中考真题）The ________ rang and Pat answered it. It was his son calling from New York.A．telephone B．doorbell C．clock D．bike【答案】A【详解】句意：电话铃响了，帕特接了电话。是他儿子从纽约打来的。考查名词辨析。telephone电话；doorbell门铃；clock时钟；bike自行车。结合语境和下一句“It was his son calling from New York.”可知帕特的儿子从纽约打电话来，所以应该是电话铃声响了。故选A。28．—How did you put together the model plane so perfectly?—It's easy. I just followed the ________．A．instructions B．instrumentsC．interviews D．inventions【答案】A【详解】句意：－你怎样把那航空模型拼得那么完美？－容易，我就是按照说明做的。A. instructions说明；B. instruments乐器；C. interviews采访；D. inventions发明。按照说明拼接。故选A。29．（2022·重庆·中考真题）This year, the family went camping on ________ Day, June 1st.A．Child B．Child’s C．Children D．Children’s【答案】D【详解】句意：今年，全家在6月1日儿童节去露营。考查名词所有格。由语境可知，此处指“儿童节”，英文表达为“Children’s Day”。故选D。30．（2023·湖南岳阳·统考中考真题）Yueyang is one of the top 10 most beautiful ________ in China this year.A．city B．cities C．citys【答案】B【详解】句意：岳阳是今年中国十大最美丽的城市之一。考查名词复数。one of+最高级+名词复数，表示“……中最……之一”，固定句型，可排除A选项；city的复数形式为cities。故选B。31．（2023·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）—Peter was picked out to be on the school volleyball team. —His height gives him a big ________.A．situation B．challenge C．achievement D．advantage【答案】D【详解】句意： ——彼得被选为学校排球队队员。——他的身高给了他很大的优势。考查名词辨析。situation情况；challenge挑战；achievement成就；advantage优势。根据“His height gives him a big”可知他的身高在选拔中是一个优势。故选D。32．（2023·山东滨州·统考中考真题）—What’s your secret of writing so well?—I read a lot, and the works of Lu Xun had a strong ________ on me as a child.A．difference B．attention C．situation D．influence【答案】D【详解】句意：——你写得这么好的秘诀是什么？——我读了很多书，鲁迅的作品对我小时候有很大的影响。考查名词辨析。difference不同；attention关注；situation情况；influence影响。根据“the works of Lu Xun had a strong...on me”可知鲁迅的作品对我有影响。故选D。33．（2023·甘肃白银·统考中考真题）Put ________ first and be careful while riding on the road!A．interest B．money C．knowledge D．safety【答案】D【详解】句意：把安全放在第一位，在路上骑行时要小心！考查名词辨析。interest兴趣；money钱；knowledge知识；safety安全。根据“be careful while riding on the road”可知路上骑车时要小心，要把安全放第一位。故选D。34．（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）—What places of interest are there in Yangzhou?—I recommend the Slender West Lake. A boat tour is a wonderful ________!A．movement B．attraction C．experience D．research【答案】C【详解】句意：——扬州有哪些名胜古迹？——我推荐瘦西湖。乘船游览是一种美妙的体验！考查名词辨析。movement移动，转移；attraction有吸引力的事物；experience经历；research研究。根据“A boat tour is a wonderful”可知，此处说的是一种体验/经历，故选C。35．（2023·天津·统考中考真题）People all over the world love pandas, and the panda has become a ________ of China.A．festival B．poem C．guest D．symbol【答案】D【详解】句意：全世界的人都喜欢熊猫，熊猫已经成为中国的象征。考查名词辨析。festival节日；poem诗；guest客人；symbol象征。根据“panda”以及常识可知熊猫是中国的象征，故选D。36．（2023·安徽·统考中考真题）The proper ________ of your spare time will make your life colorful.A．date B．use C．name D．cause【答案】B【详解】句意：恰当地使用空闲时间会使你的生活丰富多彩。考查名词辨析。date日期；use使用；name名字；cause原因。根据“…will make your life colorful.”可知，想让生活丰富多彩，就要利用好空闲时间。故选B。37．（2023·四川凉山·统考中考真题）All in all, ________ with friends is the best medicine for your mental health (心理健康). Hope my advice can help you.A．communication B．information C．instruction【答案】A【详解】句意：总而言之，与朋友的交流是你心理健康的最佳药物。希望我的建议能帮到你。考查名词辨析。communication交流；information信息；instruction用法说明。根据“All in all, ...with friends is the best medicine for your mental health (心理健康).”可知，与朋友的交流是心理健康的最佳药物，故选A。38．（2023·江西·统考中考真题）—Kevin, could you pass me some ________? It’s so hot today. I’m really thirsty.—OK. Here you are.A．rice B．bread C．water D．chicken【答案】C【详解】句意：——凯文，你能递给我一些水吗？今天很热。我真的很渴。——好的。给你。考查名词辨析。rice米；bread面包；water水；chicken鸡肉。根据“I’m really thirsty.”可知口渴要喝水。故选C。39．（2023·四川自贡·统考中考真题）— What’s your favorite ______?— Apples. An apple a day keeps the doctor away.A．fruit B．drink C．job【答案】A【详解】句意：——你最喜欢的水果是什么？——苹果。一天一个苹果，医生远离我。考查名词辨析。fruit水果；drink饮料；job工作。根据“Apples.”可知，此处询问最喜欢的水果。故选A。
第01讲 名词（模拟精练+真题演练）一、根据提示写单词1．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）Do you often take part in your school a ?【答案】(a)ctivities【详解】句意：你经常参加学校的活动吗？根据“take part in your school”及首字母可知，此处指参加学校的活动，activity“活动”，学校活动不止一个，应填复数形式，故填(a)ctivities。2．（2023·安徽·模拟预测）Some children are throwing s (石头) into the river happily.【答案】(s)tones【详解】句意：一些孩子们正开心地往河里扔石头。根据汉语提示可知，此处填“stone石头”，stone为可数名词，根据提示语可知，此处没有冠词，因此需用复数stones。故填stones。3．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）Sam is a good teacher with lots of (经验) in teaching.【答案】experience【详解】句意：山姆是一位有丰富教学经验的好老师。experience“经验”，不可数名词，作宾语。故填experience。4．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）Thomas Edison was a great American (发明家).【答案】inventor【详解】句意：托马斯·爱迪生是一位伟大的美国发明家。根据“a great American”可知此空处是一个名词的单数形式，inventor“发明家”。故填inventor。5．（2023·浙江·模拟预测） (挑战) and chance always come together.【答案】Challenge【详解】句意：挑战和机遇总是相伴而来。challenge“挑战”，名词；由“and chance”可知，and表示并列，连接的两个并列成分形式要一致，故此处用名词单数，句首首字母大写。故填Challenge。6．（2023下·济宁·二模）It’s my (乐意) to help you with the work.【答案】pleasure 【详解】句意：能帮你做这项工作是我的荣幸。根据“It’s my...to help you with the work.”和汉语提示可知，句子为it的固定句式“It’s+n.+to do sth”表示“做某事是……”，形容词性物主代词my后需填名词单数或不可数名词，pleasure“乐意，荣幸”，不可数名词。故填pleasure。7．（2023·宣城·模拟预测）There are some d (不同) between the two cities.【答案】(d)ifferences【详解】句意：这两个城市有一些不同。difference“不同，差异”，根据are可知，此空应填复数名词，故填(d)ifferences。8．（2023·安徽·模拟预测）The activities help children to develop a sense of their own w （价值）.【答案】(w)orth【详解】句意：这些活动帮助孩子们培养对自身价值的认识。根据汉语及首字母提示可知，此处用worth表示“价值”，不可数名词。故填(w)orth。9．（2023·芜湖·模拟预测）Proper s (技能) are as important as hard work in learning something.【答案】(s)kills【详解】句意：正确的技能和努力学习一样重要。技能：skill，根据“are”可知句子主语用名词复数。故填(s)kills。10．（2023·芜湖·模拟预测）We must try to catch every c (机会) because it never waits for anybody.【答案】(c)hance【详解】句意：我们必须努力抓住每一个机会，因为它从不等待任何人。根据“We must try to catch every…”可知，空处应填单数名词，名词chance意为“机会”。故填(c)hance。二、用所给单词适当形式填空11．（2023·包头·三模）To improve the in the countryside, the country sends many teachers there every year. (educate)【答案】education【详解】句意：为了改善农村的教育，国家每年都向那里派遣许多教师。分析“To improve the...in the countryside,”可知，此空缺名词，educate“教育”的名词形式为education，名词作宾语，故填education。12．（2023·包头·三模） for Friday? Sorry, we’ve got none left. How about Saturday? (ticket)【答案】Tickets【详解】句意：星期五的票？对不起，一张也没有了。星期六怎么样？ticket“票”，为可数名词，结合语境，星期五的票应不止一张，此空应用ticket的复数形式。故填Tickets。13．（2023·定西·一模）We’ve run into (difficulty) with the new project.【答案】difficulties【详解】句意：我们在新项目上遇到了困难。difficulty“困难”，名词。句子缺少宾语， 空前没有不定冠词，所以填名词复数difficulties泛指类别。故填difficulties。14．（2023·庆阳·一模）Emily had no (choose) but to wait for her mother to open the door.【答案】choice【详解】句意：Emily除了等待她母亲开门别无选择。根据语境及句子成分可知，设空处需填入名词作宾语。choose“选择”，动词，其名词形式为choice。have no choice but to do sth.“别无选择，只能做某事”。故填choice。15．（2023·兰州·一模）These whales are 43 (foot) long, 50 to 70 tons.【答案】feet【详解】句意：这些鲸鱼有43英尺长，50到70吨重。foot“英尺”，可数名词，基数词43后加名词复数，foot的复数是feet。故填feet。16．（2023·黑龙江·二模）Could you give me some (advise) on how to live a happy life?【答案】advice【详解】句意：你能给我一些关于如何过上幸福生活的建议吗？some后接可数名词复数或不可数名词；advice“建议”，不可数名词，无复数形式。故填advice。17．（2023·黑龙江·二模）Thanks to his enough (prepare), he made it at last.【答案】preparation【详解】句意：多亏了充分的准备，他终于成功了。enough是形容词，此处应填名词preparation“准备”，故填preparation。18．（2023·无锡·二模）At the concert, those (music) skills impressed the little boy so much.【答案】musicians’【详解】句意：在音乐会上，那些音乐家的技巧给小男孩留下了深刻的印象。music表示“音乐”，空后是名词“技巧”，结合语境可知，是指音乐家的演奏技巧，musician“音乐家”，those后加名词复数，此处应用名词复数所有格形式修饰名词skills，故填musicians’。19．（2023·镇江·二模）Zibo has become one of China’s most popular tourist attractions this year. Large numbers of （visit）go there to enjoy the delicious barbecue.【答案】visitors【详解】句意：淄博已成为今年中国最受欢迎的旅游景点之一。大量的游客去那里享受美味的烧烤。根据“Large numbers of ”可知，此空应填复数名词，visitors“游客”，故填visitors。20．（2023·连云港·二模）Is Mr.Wu patient enough to spend enough time explaining math (问题) to you?【答案】problems【详解】句意：吴老师有足够的耐心花足够的时间给你解释数学难题吗？根据汉语提示可知，空处应填problem“问题”，可数名词，分析句子可知，此处使用复数形式，表示问题不止一个。故填problems。21．（2023·昆明·二模）President Xi said, “The people are true , for it is they who create history.” (hero)【答案】heroes【详解】句意：习主席说，“人民是真正的英雄，因为正是他们创造了历史。”hero“英雄”，可数名词，根据are可知此空应填复数形式，故填heroes。22．（2023·昆明·三模）You can see more than one in the concert. (music)【答案】musicians【详解】句意：在音乐会上你能看到不止一位音乐家。more than one后接可数名词复数，此处用music的名词musician表示“音乐家”，其复数为musicians。故填musicians。23．（2023·昆明·三模）Finally she made a to go on climbing the mountain although she was badly hurt. (decide)【答案】decision【详解】句意：尽管她伤得很重，最终她还是决定继续爬山。根据“made a …”可知，此处应用名词单数形式，作宾语。再结合提示词可推测，该动词对应的名词单数形式为decision，与之构成短语“made a decision”，意为“做了一个决定”。故填decision。24．（2023·昆明·一模）Children should be encouraged to tell the instead of telling a lie whenever they do something wrong. （true）【答案】truth【详解】句意：当孩子们做错事时，应该鼓励孩子们说真话，而不是撒谎。根据“the”可知空缺处用名词，故填truth。25．（2023·昆明·一模）At the age of 6, Mike became one of the youngest in this country. （act）【答案】actors【详解】句意：在六岁的时候，Mike成为了这个国家最年轻的演员之一。act“表演”，是动词，one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词，表示“最……的……之一”，因此用复数名词actors“演员”，故填actors。26．（2023·包头·三模）He is generally considered to be one of the greatest in modern China.(write)【答案】writers【详解】句意：他被普遍认为是中国现代最伟大的作家之一。one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数+比较范围，表示“……中最……之一”，所以空处用write的名词writer“作家”的复数形式，故填writers。27．（2023·阜新·二模）These (sheep) are fed well by the old man. All of them look fat.【答案】sheep【详解】句意：这些羊被这位老人喂养得很好。它们看起来全都很肥。根据指示代词“these”和be动词“are”为复数形式，可知此处应使用名词复数，而“sheep”为单复同形的单词。故填sheep。28．（2023·包头·三模）The never dreamed of having a chance for him to win the first prize in the 100-meter race. (compete)【答案】competitor【详解】句意：这位选手做梦也想不到自己有机会在100米比赛中获得第一名。根据题目可知，此处缺乏主语，应将动词compete“竞争”，转变为名词competitor“竞争者”作为主语。故填competitor。29．（2023·达州·一模）To my surprise, the of the machine is a middle school student. (invent)【答案】inventor【详解】句意：令我惊讶的是，这台机器的发明者是一名中学生。根据“of the machine is a middle school student.”可知，此处指的是inventor“发明者”，句中动词是“is”，名词应用单数形式，故填inventor。30．（2023·河东·二模）My English teacher asked me to write a brief (introduce) to Ningyuan Tower.【答案】introduction【详解】句意：我的英语老师让我写一篇关于宁远塔的简短介绍。introduce“介绍”，是动词，有不定冠词a修饰，用单数名词，故填introduction。31．（2023·陇南·二模）Kate wants to be a (sing) when she grows up.【答案】singer【详解】句意：凯特长大后想成为一名歌手。sing“唱歌”，动词；根据“Kate wants to be a ... when she grows up.”可知，凯特想成为一名歌手；singer“歌手”，名词；由空前的“a”可知，此处应用名词单数。故填singer。32．（2023·包头·二模）We expect to see further in your work this term. (improve)【答案】improvement【详解】句意：我们期望看到你这学期的工作有进一步的进步。improve“提高”，是动词，此处位于further“更进一步的”后，应用名词improvement，故填improvement。33．（2023·武汉·一模）Miss Smith gave us some (suggest) about how to improve spoken English.【答案】suggestions【详解】句意：史密斯小姐就如何提高英语口语给了我们一些建议。根据“some”可知填名词复数形式，suggestion“建议”，可数名词。故填suggestions。34．（2023·南京·二模）Having been introduced in many cities, therapy dogs provide a great (serve) for patients in need.【答案】service【详解】句意：治疗犬已经被引入许多城市，为有需要的病人提供了很棒的服务。根据“a”可知，此空应填serve对应的名词service“服务”，故填service。35．（2023·楚雄·二模）An (agree) is required to bring an end to the fight between the two countries.【答案】agreement【详解】句意：要结束两国之间的争斗，必须达成协议。agree意为“同意”，是动词，根据不定冠词“An”可知，此处应填单数可数名词，agree的名词为agreement，意为“协议”，故填agreement。36．（2023·淮安·三模）If we don’t pay attention to food (safe), our heath will be in danger.【答案】safety【详解】句意：如果我们不注意食品安全，我们的健康就会受到威胁。food saftey“食品安全”，此处填名词形式，在句中作宾语。故填safety。37．（2023·淮安·三模）In spring, we can see (leaf) turn green and everything seems energetic and active.【答案】leaves【详解】句意：在春天，我们可以看到树叶变绿，一切似乎都充满活力。根据“we can see…(leaf) turn green”可知，此处表示泛指，应该用可数名词的复数。故填leaves。38．（2023·杨浦·三模）He was really too old for children’s (toy).【答案】toys【详解】句意：他真的太大了，不适合玩儿童玩具。toy“玩具”，可数名词，此处应用复数表泛指。故填toys。39．（22·23下·杨浦·二模）Bees and are attracted by the beautiful flowers in the garden. (butterfly)【答案】butterflies【详解】句意：花园里美丽的花朵吸引了蜜蜂和蝴蝶。根据Bees可知空处用名词复数。butterfly名词，“蝴蝶”，butterflies复数形式。 故填butterflies。40．（2023·昭通·二模）Susan has been the of the game three years in a row. (win)【答案】winner【详解】句意：苏珊已经连续三年成为比赛的获胜者。win“获胜”，动词；winner“获胜者”，可数名词，该句中指苏珊，所以是单数。故填winner。三、单项选择41．The ________ are going to fly to Beijing next month.A．Germany B．Germen C．Germans【答案】C【详解】句意：这些德国人下个月将要飞去北京。考查名词变复数。Germany德国；Germen错误表达；Germans德国人，复数。根据“are going to fly to”可知，此处应指“德国人”，结合“are”可知应该用German的复数Germans。故选C。42．（2023·张掖·一模）Both ________ watches were broken.A．Jim and Tom’s B．Jim’s and Tom’s C．Jim’s and Tom D．Jim and Tom【答案】B【详解】句意：吉姆和汤姆的表都坏了。考查名词所有格。根据“watches”可知，此处指他们各自的表，表示各自拥有，都需要加’s，即Jim’s nd Tom’s表示两人各自的。 故选B43．（2023·乐山·二模）There are 60 ______ in our school and they are all patient with students.A．woman teacher B．women teachers C．woman teacher【答案】B【详解】句意：我们学校有60名女教师，她们对学生都很有耐心。考查复合名词的复数形式。数词60后加名词复数，woman teacher“女老师”，其复数形式为women teachers。故选B。44．（2023·邵阳·二模）—Excuse me, is the cinema far from here?—No. It’s about ________.A．5 minutes’ walk B．5 minute’s walk C．5 minutes walk【答案】A【详解】句意：——对不起，电影院离这儿远吗？——不远。步行大约5分钟。考查时间来表示路程。当使用时间表示路程时，要用名词所有格，5后接minute的复数，再变所有格，5 minutes’walk为正确的表达格式。故选A。45．（2023·南岸·一模）There are more _______ teachers in this primary school now.A．man B．man’s C．men D．men’s【答案】C【详解】句意：现在小学有更多的男老师。考查复合名词的复数。这里根据“teachers”可知，是复数，man作定语时，man与被修饰的名词都要变成复数，men teachers“男教师”。故选C。46．（2023·巴南·一模）There are about 120 ________ in this hospital. They are very active and patient.A．woman doctors B．women doctors C．women doctor D．woman doctor【答案】B【详解】句意：这家医院大约有120名女医生。他们非常积极和耐心。考查复合名词变复数。根据其前的are和120，可知其后需要可数名词的复数形式；doctor的复数形式为doctors，doctor前有man或woman修饰时，变复数时需要把两个词都变为复数形式，“女医生们”应该为women doctors。故选B。47．（2023·安徽·一模）—Why do you think spring is the most beautiful?—I love spring because when spring comes, the ______ all over the mountains turn green.A．leaf B．leafs C．leafes D．leaves【答案】D【详解】句意：——为什么你认为春天是最漂亮的？——我喜欢春天，因为当春天来的时候漫山遍野的树叶会变绿。考查名词。根据“all over the mountains turn green”可知，此处“leaf”应该用复数。名词“leaf”的复数形式是“leaves”。故选D。48．（2023·白银·一模）This is ________ room and it looks so tidy. We should learn from them.A．Tom and Jerry’s B．Tom’s and Jerry’s C．Tom’s and Jerry D．Tom and Jerry【答案】A【详解】句意：这是汤姆和杰瑞的房间，它看起来很整洁。我们应该向他们学习。考查名词所有格。Tom and Jerry’s汤姆和杰瑞的（共同拥有）；Tom’s and Jerry’s汤姆的和杰瑞的（分别拥有）；Tom’s and Jerry错误表达；Tom and Jerry汤姆和杰瑞。根据“room”可知，此处使用名词所有格表示所属关系，结合“it”可知，此处表示他们共同拥有一个房间。故选A。49．（2023·崇明·一模）Uncle Tom keeps many ________ on his farm and lives a happy life there.A．cat B．dog C．sheep D．chicken【答案】C【详解】句意：汤姆叔叔在他的农场里养了很多羊，过着幸福的生活。考查名词辨析。cat猫，可数名词；dog狗，可数名词；sheep羊，是单数也是复数；chicken鸡，可数名词。根据many可知，此空应填复数形式，故选C。50．The Internet is very useful. We can get much ________ from it.A．idea B．message C．game D．information【答案】D【详解】句意：互联网非常有用。我们可以从中得到很多信息。考查名词辨析。idea想法；message信息；game游戏；information消息。much修饰不可数名词，而ABC都是可数名词，故选D。51．（2023·宿迁·一模）Yan Ning is an excellent scientist who will return to China in the near future. She wants to make a ________to her motherland.A．celebration B．conversation C．contribution D．collection【答案】C【详解】句意：颜宁是一位优秀的科学家，不久将回国。她想为她的祖国做贡献。考查名词辨析。celebration庆祝；conversation谈话；contribution贡献；collection收集。短语make a contribution to表示“为……做贡献”，符合题意。故选C。52．（2023·无锡·一模）The core（核心）of your ________ is that you and your work partner will always be there to help each other in a team.A．friendship B．membership C．relationship D．leadership【答案】C【详解】句意：你们关系的核心是你和你的工作伙伴总是会在一个团队中帮助彼此。考查名词辨析。friendship友谊；membership会员，会员资格；relationship关系，联系；leadership领导，领导地位。根据“that you and your work partner will always be there to help each other in a team”可知，此处应该表示你和你的工作伙伴的关系，故选C。53．（2022·保定）—You look so young, Mrs Green. Could you tell me how old you are? —Oh, sorry. It’s a(n) ________.A．problem B．instruction C．secret D．business【答案】C【详解】句意：——格林夫人，你看起来好年轻。可以告诉我你的年纪吗？——噢，对不起。这是一个秘密。考查名词辨析。problem“问题”；instruction“指导”；secret“秘密”；business“生意”。从题干可知，格林夫人不想告知，年龄是个秘密。选项C符合。故选C。54．（2022·金昌·一模）—Would you please give me two ________? —Sure, here you are.A．cup of tea B．cups of teas C．cups of tea D．cup of teas【答案】C【详解】句意：——请给我两杯茶好吗？——当然，给你。考查名词复数。根据空格前数词“two”可知空格处名词用复数，cup的复数cups，tea是不可数名词，“两杯茶”是two cups of tea。故选C。55．（2022·芜湖·三模）—Miss Yang, do you think I can realize my dream? —Sure. You’ll always have the ________ to be successful if you keep working on it.A．chance B．result C．need D．action【答案】A【详解】句意：——杨小姐，你认为我能实现我的梦想吗?——当然。如果你坚持努力，你永远有机会成功。 考查名词辨析。chance机会；result结果；need需要；action行动；根据“to be successful if you keep working on it.”可知，如果坚持的话，是有机会成功的，故选A。56．（2022·徐州·中考真题）From my ________ on the top of the TV tower, I can have a perfect view of our city.A．tradition B．condition C．position D．situation【答案】C【详解】句意：从我在电视塔顶部的位置，我可以完美地看到我们的城市。考查名词辨析。tradition传统；condition条件；position位置；situation形式，情况。根据“on the top of the TV tower,”可知，此处是要表示一个位置。故选C。57．—How can Linda say bad words about me? I thought we were good friends.—Who told you that? Friends need ________.A．courage B．trust C．pleasure D．success【答案】B【详解】句意：——琳达怎么能说我坏话？我以为我们是好朋友。——谁告诉你的？朋友之间需要信任。考查名词辨析。courage勇气；trust信任；pleasure愉快；success成功。根据“Who told you that?”可知，朋友之间的友谊不能只道听途说，是需要信任的。故选B。58．（2022·常州·一模）The factory cannot continue its level of ________ because the cost of the material has risen a lot. A．instruction B．production C．contribution D．celebration【答案】B【详解】句意：由于材料成本上涨了很多，工厂不能继续它的生产水平了。考查名词辨析。instruction指示，说明；production生产，产量；contribution贡献；celebration庆祝。结合语境可知本句说的是工厂的生产水平与原料价格之间的关系，所以空处用名词production。故选B。59．（2022·南通·一模）The number of the words in your article isn’t important, but the _________ of it matters.A．ability B．size C．quality D．energy【答案】C【详解】句意：在你的文章中字数不重要，但它的质量很重要。考查名词辨析。ability能力；size尺寸；quality质量；energy能量。根据“The number of the words in your article isn’t important”可知文章的字数不重要，结合常识可知重要是是质量。故选C。60．（2023·黄浦·一模）The government has made some _________ in environment protection.A．mistake B．decision C．change D．progress【答案】D【详解】句意：政府在环境保护方面取得了一些进展。考查名词的数。mistake错误；decision决定；change变化；progress进展。mistake，decision和change为可数名词，progress为不可数名词，some+可数名词复数或者不可数名词，故选D。一、根据提示写单词1．（2023·杭州·中考真题）The train j from Hangzhou to Shanghai takes about 40 minutes.【答案】(j)ourney【详解】句意：从杭州到上海的火车旅程大约需要40分钟。根据“from Hangzhou to Shanghai takes about 40 minutes.”可知此处是指火车的旅程，应用名词journey。故填(j)ourney。2．（2023·杭州·中考真题）I like to spend time with my parents on Saturdays and S .【答案】(S)undays【详解】句意：我喜欢在星期六和星期天与父母共度时光。根据“on Saturdays and S…”可知，空处与星期六对应，表示Sunday“星期日”，也用复数。故填(S)undays。3．（2023·宜宾·中考真题）Spring is my favorite s because different kinds of flowers come out.【答案】(s)eason【详解】句意：春天是我最喜欢的季节，因为有不同种类的花。根据“Spring”可知春天是一个季节，season“季节”，此处用名词原形。故填(s)eason。4．（2023·成都·中考真题）Humor is a type of language art, which brings a lot of p and laughter to our daily life.【答案】(p)leasure【详解】句意：幽默是一种语言艺术，它给我们的日常生活带来了许多乐趣和笑声。根据“Humor”和“laughter to our daily life.”可知是指幽默可以给生活带来乐趣和笑声。pleasure“乐趣”，名词。故填(p)leasure。5．（2023·达州·中考真题）We may meet many challenges in our lives. When we fail, we shouldn’t lose c and confidence.【答案】(c)ourage【详解】句意：我们在生活中可能会遇到许多挑战。当我们失败时，我们不应该失去勇气和信心。根据“We may meet many challenges in our lives. When we fail, we shouldn’t lose c...and confidence.”可知，失败时不应该失去勇气和信心，courage“勇气”，在动词后作宾语。故填(c)ourage。6．（2022·内蒙古·中考真题）I’m sure that you will make great p as long as you stick to good methods.【答案】(p)rogress【详解】句意：我相信只要你坚持好的方法，你会取得很大的进步。根据首字母提示及“as long as you stick to good methods.”可知，此处指的是“取得很大的进步”，progress“进步”，不可数名词，故填(p)rogress。7．（2022·四川·中考真题）In most countries, people usually eat traditional food on special h .【答案】(h)olidays【详解】句意：在大多数国家，人们通常在特殊节日吃传统食物。根据“people usually eat traditional food on special”及首字母可知，在特殊节日吃传统食物，holiday“假日，节日”，此空应填名词复数形式表示泛指，故填(h)olidays。8．（2022·六盘水·中考真题）A giraffe is a large African animal with a very long n , long legs.【答案】(n)eck【详解】句意：长颈鹿是一种巨大的非洲动物，脖子很长，腿很长。根据“A giraffe”及首字母n可推出长颈鹿有长长的脖子，neck“脖子”，a后用单数形式。故填(n)eck。9．（2022·日照·中考真题）My friend gave me some a on how to keep a pet.【答案】(a)dvice【详解】句意：我的朋友就如何养宠物给了我一些建议。 根据“gave me some … on how to keep a pet”及首字母可知，就如何养宠物给了一些建议，advice“建议”，不可数名词，故填(a)dvice。10．（2022·甘南·中考真题）Parents should know that comparing their kids with other children is not good for the kid’s (发展).【答案】development【详解】句意：父母应该知道，将孩子与其他孩子进行比较对孩子的发展没有好处。development“发展”，名词作宾语。故填development。11．（2022·甘南·中考真题）To our (惊讶), there have been more than 140 million COVID-19 infections in the US.【答案】surprise【详解】句意：令我们惊讶的是，美国已经有超过1.4亿人感染了新冠肺炎。to one’s surprise“令某人惊讶的”，为固定短语。故填surprise。12．（2022·甘南·中考真题）Because of busy work, Jason refused his friend’s (邀请).【答案】invitation【详解】句意：由于工作繁忙，杰森拒绝了朋友的邀请。invitation“邀请”，名词作宾语。故填invitation。13．（2022·内蒙古·中考真题）Lots of children lost their homes because of （战争）, so we should keep the peace.【答案】wars【详解】句意：许多孩子因为战争失去了家园，所以我们应该维护和平。war“战争”，此处表示复数含义，使用名词复数形式。故填wars。14．（2022·桂林·中考真题）I bought a new house with five (卧室) and two bathrooms.【答案】bedrooms【详解】句意：我买了一套五室两卫的新房子。bedroom“卧室”，此前有five修饰，使用名词复数形式，故填bedrooms。15．（2022·盐城·中考真题）Fishing in Snow, written by Liu Zongyuan, is one of my favourite （诗歌）.【答案】poems【详解】句意：柳宗元的《江雪》是我最喜欢的诗歌之一。poem“诗歌”，one of后加名词复数形式，故填poems。16．（2022·青岛·中考真题）Our monitor won the first （奖）in our school talent show. All of us take pride in him.【答案】prize【详解】句意：我们的班长在我们学校的才艺表演中获得了一等奖。我们都以他为荣。prize“奖”，名词，故填prize。17．（2022·南通·中考真题）More and more people use cloth bags to reduce (污染) when shopping.【答案】pollution【详解】句意：越来越多的人在购物时使用布袋来减少污染。pollution“污染”，是不可数名词，故填pollution。18．（2022·宜宾·中考真题）Schools should help parents realize the (重要性) of family education.【答案】importance【详解】句意：学校应该帮助家长认识到家庭教育的重要性。importance“重要性”，是不可数名词，故填importance。19．（2022·南通·中考真题）—Do you think he is telling the ?—Of course. He is an honest boy.【答案】truth【详解】句意：——你认为他说的是实话吗？——当然。他是个诚实的男孩。根据“He is an honest boy.”可知他是个诚实的孩子，所以说的是实话，tell the truth“说实话”，故填truth。20．（2022·南通·中考真题）—Alice, who is the first man to walk on the Moon’s (the outside or top part of something)?—Sorry, I don’t know. Let’s ask Mr. Xu about it.【答案】surface 【详解】句意：——艾丽斯，谁是第一个在月球表面行走的人？——对不起，我不知道。我们问问徐先生吧。根据英文解释“the outside or top part of something”可知是指月球的表面，surface“表面”，名词，故填surface。二、单项选择21．（2022·西藏·中考真题）More and more ________ want to learn about Chinese culture.A．Germans B．German C．Germany D．Germans’【答案】A【详解】句意：越来越多的德国人想了解中国文化。考查词义辨析和名词复数。Germans德国人，名词复数；German德国人，名词单数；Germany德国；Germans’表述错误。“More and more”修饰可数名词复数，指人想了解中国文化。故选A。22．（2022·益阳·中考真题）Look! There are some ________ eating grass on the hill.A．sheep B．cow C．horse【答案】A【详解】句意：看！有一些绵羊在山上吃草。考查名词辨析。sheep绵羊；cow奶牛；horse马。根据“some”可知其后用可数名词复数，sheep单复数同形，其他选项均为单数。故选A。23．（2022·湘西·中考真题）I’m not hungry at all because I just ate much ________.A．apples B．bananas C．bread【答案】C【详解】句意：我一点儿也不饿因为我刚吃了许多面包。考查名词辨析。apples苹果，可数名词复数；bananas香蕉，可数名词复数；bread面包，不可数名词。根据“much”可知此处用不可数名词。故选C。24．（2022·邵阳·中考真题）— Would you like some ________?— Yes, madam.A．egg B．juice C．milk teas【答案】B【详解】句意：——你想要些果汁吗？——是的，夫人。考查名词辨析。egg鸡蛋；juice果汁；milk teas错误表达，奶茶是不可数名词，不可以加s。some修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，只有B选项符合，故选B。25．（2022·哈尔滨·中考真题）The ________ is China’s national treasure. It’s a kind of cute animal that likes eating bamboo.A．panda B．tiger C．elephant【答案】A【详解】句意：熊猫是中国的国宝。它是一种喜欢吃竹子的可爱动物。考查名词辨析。panda熊猫；tiger老虎；elephant大象。根据“China’s national treasure”和“It’s a kind of cute animal that likes eating bamboo.”可知，此处指熊猫。故选A。26．（2022·绥化·中考真题）________ father is a pilot. He has been to many countries around the world.A．Tony and Peter’s B．Tony’s and Peter C．Tony’s and Peter’s【答案】A【详解】句意：托尼和彼得的爸爸是飞行员。他去过世界上许多国家。考查名词所有格。根据“father”可知，此处指两个人共有的爸爸，在后一个人名后加’s，故选A。27．（2022·武威·中考真题）The ________ rang and Pat answered it. It was his son calling from New York.A．telephone B．doorbell C．clock D．bike【答案】A【详解】句意：电话铃响了，帕特接了电话。是他儿子从纽约打来的。考查名词辨析。telephone电话；doorbell门铃；clock时钟；bike自行车。结合语境和下一句“It was his son calling from New York.”可知帕特的儿子从纽约打电话来，所以应该是电话铃声响了。故选A。28．—How did you put together the model plane so perfectly?—It's easy. I just followed the ________．A．instructions B．instrumentsC．interviews D．inventions【答案】A【详解】句意：－你怎样把那航空模型拼得那么完美？－容易，我就是按照说明做的。A. instructions说明；B. instruments乐器；C. interviews采访；D. inventions发明。按照说明拼接。故选A。29．（2022·重庆·中考真题）This year, the family went camping on ________ Day, June 1st.A．Child B．Child’s C．Children D．Children’s【答案】D【详解】句意：今年，全家在6月1日儿童节去露营。考查名词所有格。由语境可知，此处指“儿童节”，英文表达为“Children’s Day”。故选D。30．（2023·湖南岳阳·统考中考真题）Yueyang is one of the top 10 most beautiful ________ in China this year.A．city B．cities C．citys【答案】B【详解】句意：岳阳是今年中国十大最美丽的城市之一。考查名词复数。one of+最高级+名词复数，表示“……中最……之一”，固定句型，可排除A选项；city的复数形式为cities。故选B。31．（2023·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）—Peter was picked out to be on the school volleyball team. —His height gives him a big ________.A．situation B．challenge C．achievement D．advantage【答案】D【详解】句意： ——彼得被选为学校排球队队员。——他的身高给了他很大的优势。考查名词辨析。situation情况；challenge挑战；achievement成就；advantage优势。根据“His height gives him a big”可知他的身高在选拔中是一个优势。故选D。32．（2023·山东滨州·统考中考真题）—What’s your secret of writing so well?—I read a lot, and the works of Lu Xun had a strong ________ on me as a child.A．difference B．attention C．situation D．influence【答案】D【详解】句意：——你写得这么好的秘诀是什么？——我读了很多书，鲁迅的作品对我小时候有很大的影响。考查名词辨析。difference不同；attention关注；situation情况；influence影响。根据“the works of Lu Xun had a strong...on me”可知鲁迅的作品对我有影响。故选D。33．（2023·甘肃白银·统考中考真题）Put ________ first and be careful while riding on the road!A．interest B．money C．knowledge D．safety【答案】D【详解】句意：把安全放在第一位，在路上骑行时要小心！考查名词辨析。interest兴趣；money钱；knowledge知识；safety安全。根据“be careful while riding on the road”可知路上骑车时要小心，要把安全放第一位。故选D。34．（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）—What places of interest are there in Yangzhou?—I recommend the Slender West Lake. A boat tour is a wonderful ________!A．movement B．attraction C．experience D．research【答案】C【详解】句意：——扬州有哪些名胜古迹？——我推荐瘦西湖。乘船游览是一种美妙的体验！考查名词辨析。movement移动，转移；attraction有吸引力的事物；experience经历；research研究。根据“A boat tour is a wonderful”可知，此处说的是一种体验/经历，故选C。35．（2023·天津·统考中考真题）People all over the world love pandas, and the panda has become a ________ of China.A．festival B．poem C．guest D．symbol【答案】D【详解】句意：全世界的人都喜欢熊猫，熊猫已经成为中国的象征。考查名词辨析。festival节日；poem诗；guest客人；symbol象征。根据“panda”以及常识可知熊猫是中国的象征，故选D。36．（2023·安徽·统考中考真题）The proper ________ of your spare time will make your life colorful.A．date B．use C．name D．cause【答案】B【详解】句意：恰当地使用空闲时间会使你的生活丰富多彩。考查名词辨析。date日期；use使用；name名字；cause原因。根据“…will make your life colorful.”可知，想让生活丰富多彩，就要利用好空闲时间。故选B。37．（2023·四川凉山·统考中考真题）All in all, ________ with friends is the best medicine for your mental health (心理健康). Hope my advice can help you.A．communication B．information C．instruction【答案】A【详解】句意：总而言之，与朋友的交流是你心理健康的最佳药物。希望我的建议能帮到你。考查名词辨析。communication交流；information信息；instruction用法说明。根据“All in all, ...with friends is the best medicine for your mental health (心理健康).”可知，与朋友的交流是心理健康的最佳药物，故选A。38．（2023·江西·统考中考真题）—Kevin, could you pass me some ________? It’s so hot today. I’m really thirsty.—OK. Here you are.A．rice B．bread C．water D．chicken【答案】C【详解】句意：——凯文，你能递给我一些水吗？今天很热。我真的很渴。——好的。给你。考查名词辨析。rice米；bread面包；water水；chicken鸡肉。根据“I’m really thirsty.”可知口渴要喝水。故选C。39．（2023·四川自贡·统考中考真题）— What’s your favorite ______?— Apples. An apple a day keeps the doctor away.A．fruit B．drink C．job【答案】A【详解】句意：——你最喜欢的水果是什么？——苹果。一天一个苹果，医生远离我。考查名词辨析。fruit水果；drink饮料；job工作。根据“Apples.”可知，此处询问最喜欢的水果。故选A。
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