2023-2024学年河北省保定市定州市高一（上）期末英语试卷（含解析）

这是一份2023-2024学年河北省保定市定州市高一（上）期末英语试卷（含解析），共20页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。
A
Fur Art Study Abrad Prgrams in 2024
Whether yu lve art histry，dance，phtgraphy，writing，r beynd，here are the tp art prgrams t attend in 2024.
The 6-week Gap Year Curse in Italy | Art Histry Abrad
Prgram length：6 weeks in summer
Price：＄10，000
If yu're interested in studying artists，criticism，and painting techniques during perids like the Renaissance and styles like barque，Rmanesque，and mdern art，then this prgram is fr yu.It prides itself n nt simply teaching art but als culture and an appreciatin f beauty.
Creative Internships（实习） in Australia with ABI | ArtBund Initiative
Prgram length：1 mnth
Price：＄3，250
If yu've ever had an interest in pursuing a career in the creative industry，cnsider an internship pprtunity with ArtBund Initiative.Interns can wrk in exciting verseas lcatins while getting ne-n-ne career caching frm prfessinals.
The Irish Arts and Culture Prgram | Irish Gap Year
Prgram length：I semester
Price：＄17，000
Explre yur wn areas f interest as yu wrk side by side with lcal Irish artists，phtgraphers，writers，and musicians，learning abut Ireland's rich cultural and artistic heritage.Yur hands-n experience ges hand in hand with day trips t galleries，museums，and castles，and at the end，yu'll have the pprtunity t exhibit yur wrks at the Le Cheile Art Exp.
Creative Semester in France | Berridge Prgrams
Prgram length：1 semester
Price：＄16，500
Whether yu're a cmplete beginner r an experienced perfrmer r artist，yur interests and talents will be nurtured by industry prfessinals.During yur time here，yu will wrk n imprving yur skills which will end with a feature film r creative perfrmance.
1.Where shuld yu g t btain career guidance accrding t the text？ ______
A. France.B. Australia.C. Italy.D. Ireland.
2.Which prgram enables participants t display their wrks？ ______
A. The 6-week Gap Year Curse in Italy.
B. Creative Internships in Australia with ABI.
C. The Irish Arts and Culture Prgram.
D. Creative Semester in France.
3.Hw much shuld an artist pay t imprve his perfrming skills？ ______
A. ＄3，250.B. ＄10，000.C. ＄16，500.D. ＄17，000.
B
Lts f kids like t talk abut sprts，but Jseph D'Avirr talks abut sprts like a prfessinal hst in a shw called Sliders & Curveballs.The 9-year-ld frm Newingtn，Cnnecticut is a natural at sprts talk and has been bradcasting the shw-which is abut baseball，basketball and ther sprts-with his dad，Mike D'Avirr，since September 2019.
The D'Avirrs started the bradcast after tw frmer cllege rmmates f Mike died，which made Mike want t spend mre time with his sn.Then the idea came t him.S far，they have dne abut 50 prgrams.Jseph's favrite is when the father-and-sn team interviewed Jim Calhun，the cach leading the Cnnecticut Huskies t three natinal titles.They have als interviewed imprtant sprts authrs.
The father and sn make abut ne 30-t 40-minute pdcast each mnth.They prepare fr the pdcasts by deciding n the questins they want t ask the guest.Jseph asks half f the questins，and Mike handles the ther half.Jseph reads his questins again and again t get them in his brain well.It is a lt f wrk，but Jseph says it is "a lt mre fun than hmewrk".Jseph has als learned t speak up and speak clearly.He has t listen and t g with the flw f the cnversatin.Fr example，he said，"If the guest is talking abut sprts in the1990s，yu have t think abut sprts in the 1990s."
When asked hw lng he and his dad will cntinue ding the shw，he answered，"Until my dad starts grwing gray hairs."Jseph has ther ambitins when he grws up-t be a sprts player，a sprts bradcaster r t wn a basketball team.Thse are big dreams，but Jseph is already living a dream：talking sprts and spending time with his dad.
4.What is Jseph's shw abut？ ______
A. Sme talk shws n sprts.
B. Ways t get alng with parents.
C. Stries abut famus sprts players.
D. Sprts that his family lves playing.
5.What inspired Mike t start the shw with his sn？ ______
A. His sn's talent fr sprts.
B. His wish t be a hst since cllege.
C. The deaths f his cllege rmmates.
D. The encuragement frm his rmmates.
6.What des Jseph think f memrizing his questins？ ______
A. It's as bring as hmewrk.
B. It's challenging t his brain.
C. It's mre interesting than hmewrk.
D. It takes a lt f time but means a lt.
7.What is the best title fr the text？ ______
A. A rising sprts bradcasterB. A lng rad t g t success
C. Jseph D'Avirr's big dreamD. The father-and-sn team hsts
C
In the nrthernmst edge f Clmbia sits the castal twn f Acandi.Access t the twn is nly by water r air；there is n rad that leads there.The residents there are faced with the struggles f balancing livelihds while prtecting bidiversity.
In the past，traditinal cmmunity fishing methds，passed dwn by the elders，fcused n the reasnable fishing and management f resurces.Hwever，the intrductin f large-scale trawling vessels（拖网渔船） decades ag gradually depleted the area's fishing resurces，leading t damage t marine（海洋的） life seriusly.
Jesus Antni Juli Cuestas，wh serves in the regin's cnservatin and management f marine resurces，stresses the bad impact f these develpments and calls fr new fishing techniques."Fishing and cnservatin c-exist as lng as we have gd management practices and reasnable use f ur fishing resurces，"says Cuestas.He and ther fficials actively mnitr fishing activities in Acandi.Each mrning，they visit the fish markets t gather data n fishery resurces-including prices and sizes-t mnitr the state f the lcal fishing industry.
Alng with Cuestas，the fishers wrk t reduce their impact n the marine ecsystem.By changing fishing methds and adpting new practices，they aim fr a mre balanced apprach t fishing."This year the lcal fishermen have nt used the trawl nets that were causing the death f the leatherback sea turtles，"explains Cuestas prudly.Changes include the effrts f bats t prtect the seagrass that serves as feeding grunds fr marine life and an end t fishers thrwing nets where turtles lay their eggs.
This marine reserve in Acandi，Cuestas believes，is their greatest treasure.He attaches great imprtance t wrking tgether with lcal residents t imprve the quality f life while preserving the marine ecsystem.By ding s，he imagines a picture where individuals frm the fishing cmmunity can pursue varius careers，such as engineers r lawyers，prudly stating that they are the prducts f the fishing traditin in Acandi.
8.What des the underlined wrd"depleted"in paragraph 2 mean？ ______
A. Reused.B. Restred.C. Explred.D. Reduced.
9.Why des Juli Cuestas call fr new fishing techniques？ ______
A. T cut dwn n the csts f fishing.
B. T imprve the incme f lcal residents.
C. T prmte the well-being f marine wildlife.
D. T spread traditinal cmmunity fishing methds.
10.What is paragraph 4 mainly abut？ ______
A. The effrts t preserve marine ecsystem.
B. The aim f the changes t fishing methds.
C. The results the trawl nets have brught abut.
D. The impact f fishers n the lcal envirnment.
11.What is Juli Cuestas's attitude twards Acandi's future？ ______
A. Uncaring.B. Cnfident.C. Cncerned.D. Dubtful.
D
Lss f slw-wave sleep as yu age may increase yur risk f develping dementia（痴呆），accrding t a new study.
"We fund that aging was assciated with a decline in the amunt f the deepest stages f sleep，knwn as slw-wave sleep.We then fund that peple with greater declines in slw-wave sleep ver time had a higher risk f getting dementia ver the next 17 years f fllw-up，"said Matthew Pase，senir authr f the study.
Slw-wave sleep is the third and furth stages f sleep，which is imprtant fr brain health.During this stage，the bdy remves unwanted r harmful materials frm the brain."Fr the brain，this deep sleep is thught t be the mst restrative，"said Dr Richard Isaacsn，wh wasn't invlved in the study.
The researchers wanted t knw whether chrnic（慢性的） reductins in slw-wave sleep ver time are linked t dementia risk in humans and whether dementia-related prcesses in the brain may cntribute t getting less f this type f sleep.They studied 346 peple with an average age f 69 and cmpleted tw vernight sleep studies-ne between 1995 and 1998 and the secnd between 1998 and 2001-during which their sleep was mnitred.The researchers als investigated whether any change in the amunt f slw-wave sleep that participants gt was assciated with develping dementia up t 17 years after they cmpleted the sleep studies.By that time，52 participants had been diagnsed with dementia.Each percentage decrease in slw-wave sleep per year was linked t a 27 percent increased risk f develping dementia.The rate f slw-wave sleep lss accelerated（加速） frm age 60，peaked frm ages 75 t 80 and slwed afterwards.
"This is an imprtant study yet again shwing the impact f quality f sleep n a persn's risk f cgnitive decline and dementia，"Isaacsn said."It's imprtant t nt nly pay attentin t the ttal amunt f sleep a persn gets each night，but als mnitr sleep quality as best as pssible."
12.What can we learn frm the new study？ ______
A. The lder yu are，the less sleep yu will have.
B. Slw-wave sleep has been linked t the risk f dementia.
C. The rate f slw-wave sleep lss keeps ging up with age.
D. The amunt f sleep has an impact n the risk f dementia.
13.Hw did researchers get what they wanted？ ______
A. By making a cmparisn.B. By intrducing a cncept.
C. By referring t anther study.D. By making a survey.
14.What did Dr Richard Isaacsn suggest？ ______
A. We shuld have enugh sleep.
B. Sleep quality needs mre attentin.
C. The elderly shuld sleep mre than the yung.
D. The amunt f sleep is mre imprtant than sleep quality.
15.In which sectin f a newspaper may this text appear？ ______
A. Health.B. Sprts.C. Educatin.D. Envirnment.
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
Dusting is particularly annying.Nearly tw-thirds f husehld dust cntent cmes frm the utdrs，sme f which may cntain harmful chemicals.S，keeping yur hme as dust-free as pssible is imprtant t imprve verall health. （1） ______ ？
In general，yu shuld dust yur hme's mst expsed surfaces n a weekly basis.This means items such as tables，shelves，beds，dressers，cunter-tps and windws. （2） ______ .Use micrfiber r natural-fiber clths that will pick up the dust.
Change yur bed sheets weekly，as dust mites（螨）especially lve bedding.（3） ______ .Every three t six mnths，clean behind and under furniture，and wash yur bedding.
Since s much dust cmes in frm the utdrs，yu can cut dwn n the amunt gathering in yur hme by keeping drs and windws clsed as ften as pssible，and placing carpets n bth sides f drs.（4） ______ ，changing them fr a pair f slippers r private huse shes.
Get rid f dds and ends，which can easily attract dust，and be careful hw yu handle clthes.Since clthes bth cllects dust and sheds（掉落）fibers，regularly wash any clthes r dn't thrw clthing n the grund.
When yu're getting ready t clean a rm，always wrk frm the tp dwn. （5） ______ ，the dust n the highest surfaces will drift dwn t everything yu've just cleaned.
A.If yu dust frm the bttm up
B.Hw can we keep the hme dust-free
C.Why shuld we keep the hme dust-free
D.Yu can remve yur shes when yu cme hme
E.Yu can buy sme new shes befre yu return hme
F.Dn't use feather dusters that simply push the dust arund
G.Items that dn't cllect dust easily can g a mnth withut cleaning
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
Everyne deserves healthy meals.Hwever，unfrtunately，nt everyne has （1） ______ t fresh fds，（2） ______ thse in pr cmmunities.
A teenager named Lauren Schreder （3） ______ this when she vlunteered at a cmmunity fd nnprfit.All vegetables fr families in need came in cans and bxes，rather than straight frm the fields. （4） ______ t make a change，Lauren set ut t grw prduce s she culd dnate it t （5） ______ families.
"I wanted peple t get the nutritin they needed frm fresh vegetables，"Lauren said.This （6） ______ her t start a garden n her parents' farm.While her mm was supprtive，she made her （7） ______ f hw much wrk it wuld take一still，the teenager （8） ______ the challenge.
T kick-start her prject，Lauren gt ecnmic （9） ______ frm the Natinal FFA Organizatin，which （10） ______ agricultural educatin，t pay fr seeds and gardening supplies.Then，the （11） ______ wrk began.Since the summers in Iwa are very ht and dry，she had t water them daily、Lauren added，"I did a lt f research nline and every day，it tk abut tw r three hurs."
But all her effrts （12） ______ .Her first harvest resulted in 40 punds f prduce."It was really gd t knw that anyne wh wanted fresh vegetables wuld be able t get the （13） ______ ，"Lauren said。"I knew that I wanted t keep ging."
S far，she has spent ver 1，000 hurs wrking in the garden，prducing 7，000 punds f vegetables."I want t （14） ______ cmmunity members.It makes a（n）（15） ______ when yu help ther peple ut.That's what makes me happiest，"Lauren said.
21.A. invitatinB. accessC. admissinD. ticket
22.A. especiallyB. actuallyC. bviuslyD. extremely
23.A. cnfirmedB. appreciatedC. recgnizedD. identified
24.A. ArrangingB. DeterminingC. StrugglingD. Pretending
25.A. musicalB. familiarC. uniqueD. lw-incme
26.A. recmmendedB. remindedC. inspiredD. requested
27.A. awareB. cnfidentC. certainD. free
28.A. tk upB. lked intC. applied frD. went ver
29.A. guidanceB. supprtC. pressureD. benefit
30.A. rganizesB. expectsC. prmtesD. demands
31.A. amazingB. specificC. prfessinalD. tugh
32.A. wrked utB. paid ffC. brke ffD. wre ut
33.A. rewardB. rescueC. hnurD. dnatin
34.A. impactB. impressC. challengeD. bserve
35.A. discveryB. prfitC. differenceD. intentin
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.Accrding t legend，the Yellw River flded during the perid f Emperr Ya，and the peple （1） ______ （frce） t leave their villages，and went t live in trees r n muntain tps.The fld （2） ______ （bring） great misfrtune t the peple.S Ya assigned（指派） Gun t regulate it.Gun wanted t cut ff the fld with stnes （3） ______ failed.Then，Shun assigned Yu，Gun's sn，t cntinue the wrk.Having learned （4） ______ （he） father's lessn，Yu dredged（疏浚） new river （5） ______ （channel） as utlets，guiding water int river and river int sea.Day by day，year by year，Yu spent thirteen years （6） ______ （gvern） the fld withut a break.It was said that during the thirteen years，he passed his hme three times，but did nt enter （7） ______ his task was cmpleted.His effrts nt nly slved the fld prblem，but cntributed t the （8） ______ （develp） f agriculture.
In the face f difficulties，we shuld have the wisdm （9） ______ （vercme） difficulties and the spirit f public selflessness.We als need pwerful spirit and strng faith，nly （10） ______ that way can we wrk tgether t deal with a variety f difficulties.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。
37.假定你是李华，你寒假准备去英国旅行。请给你的英国朋友Andy写封邮件，向他咨询旅行计划，内容包括：
（1）写信目的；
（2）咨询的内容（旅行目的地、旅行最佳时间等）；
（3）表达期待。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Andy，

Yurs， Li Hua
was a very wealthy man wh lived in the early days in the United States.It was ne f his chief pleasures t walk thrugh the cuntryside near his hme，and as he walked，he ften nticed a particularly fine grup f cattle.One day he stpped t visit the rancher（牧场主） wh wned the cattle and purchased a cw frm him with the agreement that the cw wuld be delivered t his huse the fllwing day.
The next day as Mr.Barnes was ut fr his mrning walk，he saw a yung by trying his hardest t lead the cw ver t Mr.Barnes' field.The by，wh did nt knw Mr.Barnes，called t him，"Please sir，wuld yu cme and help me with this cw？It is s stubbrn!"
Mr.Barnes readily agreed and went ver t help.As they walked alng tgether，he asked the by，"Hw much d yu expect t get fr delivering the cw？"
"I..I dn't knw，"the by said，"but I think I'll get smething because the peple wh are buying the cw live in that huse，and thse peple are very kind t everyne."
By nw the stubbrn cw was walking alng nicely，s Mr.Barnes excused himself and tk a path thrugh a wded area that led t his back dr.As sn as he gt int the huse，he gave ne f his trusted wrkers a fifty-dllar bill and tld him t give it t the by wh was delivering the cw.After the cw had been left at the huse and the by was returning t the ranch，Mr.Barnes went ut again and met the by n the rad.
"Well，hw much did yu get？"asked Mr.Barnes.
"Five dllars，"answered the by.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Mr.Barnes felt surprised when hearing the answer.

The by agreed，and they walked back t the huse tgether.

答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、C、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Creative Internships（实习） in Australia with ABI | ArtBund Initiative部分Interns can wrk in exciting verseas lcatins while getting ne-n-ne career caching frm prfessinals.（实习生可以在令人兴奋的海外地区工作，同时获得专业人士一对一的职业指导。）可知根据文章，应该去Australia获得职业指导。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据The Irish Arts and Culture Prgram | Irish Gap Year部分Yur hands-n experience ges hand in hand with day trips t galleries，museums，and castles，and at the end，yu'll have the pprtunity t exhibit yur wrks at the Le Cheile Art Exp.（您的实践经验与一日游画廊，博物馆和城堡齐头并进，最后，您将有机会在Le Cheile艺术博览会上展示您的作品。）可知可以让参与者展示自己的作品爱尔兰艺术和文化项目。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据Creative Semester in France | Berridge Prgrams部分Price：＄16，500（价格：16500美元）以及During yur time here，yu will wrk n imprving yur skills which will end with a feature film r creative perfrmance.（在此期间，你将努力提高你的技能，并以一部故事片或创意表演结束。）可知一个艺术家应该花16500美元来提高他的表演技巧。故选C。
本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了2024年四个海外艺术学习项目的相关信息。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
4~7.【答案】A、C、C、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一段Lts f kids like t talk abut sprts，but Jseph D'Avirr talks abut sprts like a prfessinal hst in a shw called Sliders & Curveballs（许多孩子喜欢谈论体育，但约瑟夫•达维罗谈论体育就像一个专业主持人在一个名为"滑块与曲线球"的节目中一样）可知约瑟夫的节目是关于一些体育脱口秀的。故答案为A。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第二段The D'Avirrs started the bradcast after tw frmer cllege rmmates f Mike died，which made Mike want t spend mre time with his sn.（在迈克的两个前大学室友去世后，D'avirrs夫妇开始了广播，这使迈克想花更多的时间陪伴他的儿子。）可知他的大学室友的死启发了迈克和他的儿子一起开始了这个节目。故答案为C。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章第三段Jseph reads his questins again and again t get them in his brain well.It is a lt f wrk，but Jseph says it is "a lt mre fun than hmewrk".（约瑟夫一遍又一遍地阅读他的问题，以便把它们记在脑子里。虽然工作量很大，但约瑟夫说这"比家庭作业有趣多了"。）可知约瑟夫认为记问题比做作业更有趣。故答案为C。
（4）标题归纳题。根据文章最后一段When asked hw lng he and his dad will cntinue ding the shw，he answered，"Until my dad starts grwing gray hairs."Jseph has ther ambitins when he grws up-t be a sprts player，a sprts bradcaster r t wn a basketball team.Thse are big dreams，but Jseph is already living a dream：talking sprts and spending time with his dad.（当被问及他和他的爸爸将继续做这个节目多久时，他回答说："直到我爸爸开始长白发。"约瑟夫长大后还有其他抱负——成为一名体育运动员、体育播音员或拥有一支篮球队。这些都是远大的梦想，但约瑟夫已经实现了梦想：谈论体育和与父亲共度时光。）可知本文主要讲述了九岁的Jseph D'Avirr和他的父亲Mike D'Avirr一起主持名为《Sliders & Curveballs》的体育节目。因此本文的最佳标题是D.The father-and-sn team hsts（父子队主持）。A.A rising sprts bradcaster冉冉升起的体育广播公司；B.A lng rad t g t success通往成功的漫长道路；C.Jseph D'Avirr's big dream约瑟夫•达维罗的大梦想；D.The father-and-sn team hsts父子队主持。故答案为D。
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了九岁的Jseph D'Avirr和他的父亲Mike D'Avirr一起主持名为《Sliders & Curveballs》的体育节目。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析。
8~11.【答案】D、C、A、B
【解析】（1）词义猜测题。根据文章第二段第二句Hwever，the intrductin f large-scale trawling vessels decades ag gradually depleted the area's fishing resurces，leading t damage t marine life seriusly.（然而，几十年前引进的大型拖网渔船逐渐耗尽了该地区的渔业资源，导致对海洋生物的严重破坏。）以及划线部分前后内容可知，划线词意为"耗尽，减少"。A.Reused重复使用；B.Restred修复；C.Explred探索；D.Reduced减少。故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句话Hwever，the intrductin f large-scale trawling vessels decades ag gradually depleted the area's fishing resurces，leading t damage t marine life seriusly.（然而，几十年前引进的大型拖网渔船逐渐耗尽了该地区的渔业资源，导致海洋生物受到严重破坏。）及第三段中 Jesus Antni Juli Cuestas，wh serves in the regin's cnservatin and management f marine resurces，stresses the bad impact f these develpments and calls fr new fishing techniques."Fishing and cnservatin c-exist as lng as we have gd management practices and reasnable use f ur fishing resurces，"says Cuestas.（负责该地区海洋资源保护和管理的Jesus Antni Juli Cuestas强调了这些发展的不良影响，并呼吁采用新的捕鱼技术。Cuestas说："只要我们有良好的管理措施和合理利用渔业资源，捕捞和保护就可以共存。"）可知，Juli Cuestas之所以呼吁采用新的捕鱼技术是因为他想促进海洋野生动物的健康。故选C。
（3）段落大意题。根据第四段Alng with Cuestas，the fishers wrk t reduce their impact n the marine ecsystem.By changing fishing methds and adpting new practices，they aim fr a mre balanced apprach t fishing."This year the lcal fishermen have nt used the trawl nets that were causing the death f the leatherback sea turtles，"explains Cuestas prudly.Changes include the effrts f bats t prtect the seagrass that serves as feeding grunds fr marine life and an end t fishers thrwing nets where turtles lay their eggs.（渔民们与Cuestas一起努力减少对海洋生态系统的影响。通过改变捕鱼方法和采用新的做法，他们的目标是实现更平衡的捕鱼方式。Cuestas自豪地解释说："今年，当地渔民没有使用拖网，因为拖网会导致棱皮海龟死亡。"变化包括船只努力保护海草，海草是海洋生物的觅食地，渔民不再在海龟产卵的地方撒网。）可知，第四段主要讲的是渔民们与Cuestas为保护海洋生态系统所做的努力。故选A。
（4）观点态度题。根据最后一段中By ding s，he imagines a picture where individuals frm the fishing cmmunity can pursue varius careers，such as engineers r lawyers，prudly stating that they are the prducts f the fishing traditin in Acandi.（通过这样做，他想象了这样一幅画面：来自渔业社区的个人可以从事各种职业，比如工程师或律师，并自豪地宣称他们是Acandi捕鱼传统的产物。）可知，Juli Cuestas对Acandi这个海洋保护区的未来是充满信心的。A.Uncaring不关心的；B.Cnfident自信的；C.Cncerned关心的；D.Dubtful怀疑的。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了渔民们与Cuestas为了平衡生计和保护Acandi这个海洋保护区生物多样性一起所做的努力。哥伦比亚最北端的海滨小镇阿坎迪，只能通过水路或空中进入，没有通往那里的道路。居民在平衡生计和保护生物多样性方面面临挑战。过去，传统的社区捕鱼方法注重合理捕捞和资源管理，但几十年前大规模拖网船的引入逐渐耗尽了该地区的渔业资源，严重破坏了海洋生态。胡利奥•库埃斯等人积极监测阿坎迪的捕鱼活动，改变捕鱼方法，努力实现更加平衡的捕捞方式。他们重视与当地居民合作，改善生活质量的同时保护海洋生态系统。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
12~15.【答案】B、D、B、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Lss f slw-wave sleep as yu age may increase yur risk f develping dementia（痴呆），accrding t a new study.（一项新的研究表明，随着年龄的增长，慢波睡眠的丧失可能会增加患痴呆症的风险。）可知，低波睡眠与患痴呆症的风险有关。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段They studied 346 peple with an average age f 69 and cmpleted tw vernight sleep studies-ne between 1995 and 1998 and the secnd between 1998 and 2001-during which their sleep was mnitred.The researchers als investigated whether any change in the amunt f slw-wave sleep that participants gt was assciated with develping dementia up t 17 years after they cmpleted the sleep studies.（他们研究了346名平均年龄69岁的人，完成了两项夜间睡眠研究，一项是1995年至1998年，另一项是1998年至2001年，期间对他们的睡眠进行了监测。研究人员还调查了参与者在完成睡眠研究17年后，慢波睡眠量的任何变化是否与患痴呆症有关。）可知，研究人员通过调查得到的结果。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段Isaacsn said."It's imprtant t nt nly pay attentin t the ttal amunt f sleep a persn gets each night，but als mnitr sleep quality as best as pssible."（艾萨克森说："重要的是，不仅要注意一个人每晚的睡眠总量，还要尽可能地监测睡眠质量。"）可知，Richard Isaacsn博士建议更多地关注睡眠质量。故选B。
（4）文章出处题。根据对全文的理解，新研究表明，随着年龄的增长，慢波睡眠的减少可能会增加患痴呆症的风险。慢波睡眠是睡眠的第三和第四阶段，对大脑健康至关重要，有助于清除大脑中的有害物质。可知，本文介绍的是睡眠和患痴呆症的影响。与健康有关。故选A。
新研究表明，随着年龄的增长，慢波睡眠的减少可能会增加患痴呆症的风险。慢波睡眠是睡眠的第三和第四阶段，对大脑健康至关重要，有助于清除大脑中的有害物质。研究人员对346名平均年龄为69岁的人进行了两次夜间睡眠研究，监测他们的睡眠情况，并发现慢波睡眠减少的人在随后的17年里患痴呆症的风险更高。每年慢波睡眠减少的百分比与患痴呆症风险增加27%相关。研究还发现，从60岁开始慢波睡眠的减少速度加快，在75至80岁之间达到峰值，之后减慢。专家强调，除了关注每晚睡眠总量外，监测睡眠质量也非常重要。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
16~20.【答案】B、F、G、D、A
【解析】（1）联系下文题。根据下文In general，yu shuld dust yur hme's mst expsed surfaces n a weekly basis.（一般来说，你应该每周对家里最暴露的表面进行除尘。）和Change yur bed sheets weekly，as dust mites（螨）especially lve bedding（每周更换床单，因为尘螨特别喜欢床上用品）可知下面讲述的是保持家里无尘的方法。因此B.Hw can we keep the hme dust-free（我们怎样才能保持家里无尘呢）符合语境。故选B。
（2）联系下文题。根据下文Use micrfiber r natural-fiber clths that will pick up the dust.（使用超细纤维或天然纤维布来吸尘。）可知本段主要讲述了应该用什么工具除尘。因此F.Dn't use feather dusters that simply push the dust arund（不要使用只会推动灰尘的鸡毛掸子）符合语境。故选F。
（3）联系上文题。根据上文Change yur bed sheets weekly，as dust mites（螨）especially lve bedding（每周更换床单，因为尘螨特别喜欢床上用品）可知要根据物品的不同来规定除尘的时间。因此G.Items that dn't cllect dust easily can g a mnth withut cleaning（不容易积灰的物品可以一个月不清洗）符合语境。故选G。
（4）联系下文题。根据下文changing them fr a pair f slippers r private huse shes（把它们换成一双拖鞋或私房鞋）可知本空的意思是"回家后把鞋脱掉"。因此D.Yu can remve yur shes when yu cme hme（你回家时可以脱掉鞋子）符合语境。故选D。
（5）语境衔接题。根据上文When yu're getting ready t clean a rm，always wrk frm the tp dwn（当你准备打扫房间时，一定要从上往下打扫）和下文the dust n the highest surfaces will drift dwn t everything yu've just cleaned.（最高表面上的灰尘会飘落到你刚刚清洁过的所有物品上。）可知你不应该从下往上掸灰尘。因此A.If yu dust frm the bttm up（如果你从下往上掸灰尘）符合语境。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了保持家里无尘的方法。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】B、A、C、B、D、C、A、A、B、C、B、B、D、A、C
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.invitatin邀请；B.access通道，机会；C.admissin录用；D.ticket票。句意：然而，不幸的是，并不是每个人都能获得新鲜食物，尤其是在贫困社区。根据上句Everyne deserves healthy meals.（每个人都值得健康饮食。）和Hwever表示转折，可知并不是每个人都能获得新鲜食物，access t有机会获得。故答案为B。
（2）考查副词及语境理解。A.especially尤其；B.actually事实上；C.bviusly明显地；D.extremely极其。句意：然而，不幸的是，并不是每个人都能获得新鲜食物，尤其是在贫困社区。根据空后thse in pr cmmunities可知不幸的是，并不是每个人都能获得新鲜食物，尤其是在贫困社区。故答案为A。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.cnfirmed确认；B.appreciated欣赏；C.recgnized认识；D.identified确认。句意：一位名叫劳伦•施罗德的青少年在一家社区食品非营利组织做志愿者时认识到了这一点。根据下句All vegetables fr families in need came in cans and bxes，rather than straight frm the fields可知所有供有需要的家庭食用的蔬菜都是罐装或盒装的，而不是直接从地里运来的。说明劳伦•施罗德在一家社区食品非营利组织做志愿者时认识到了这一点。故答案为C。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.Arranging安排；B.Determining决定；C.Struggling奋斗；D.Pretending假装。句意：劳伦决心做出改变，开始种植农产品，以便捐赠给低收入家庭。根据下句Lauren set ut t grw prduce s she culd dnate it t （5）families可知劳伦开始种植农产品，以便捐赠给低收入家庭。说明她决心做出改变，故答案为B。
（5）考查形容词及语境理解。A.musical音乐的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.unique独特的；D.lw-incme低收入的。句意：劳伦决心做出改变，开始种植农产品，以便捐赠给低收入家庭。根据前文Hwever，unfrtunately，nt everyne has （1）t fresh fds，（2）thse in pr cmmunities可知然而，不幸的是，并不是每个人都能获得新鲜食物，尤其是在贫困社区。说明劳伦开始种植农产品，以便捐赠给低收入家庭。故答案为D。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.recmmended推荐；B.reminded提醒；C.inspired激励，激发；D.requested要求。句意：这激发了她在父母的农场上开辟花园的灵感。根据空后her t start a garden n her parents' farm可知这激发了她在父母的农场上开辟花园的灵感。故答案为C。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.aware意识到的；B.cnfident自信的；C.certain一定的；D.free自由的。句意：虽然她妈妈支持她，但她让她意识到需要做多少工作---尽管如此，这名少年还是接受了挑战。根据下句still，the teenager （8）the challenge可知尽管如此，这名少年还是接受了挑战。说明她意识到了需要做多少工作。故答案为A。
（8）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.tk up开始从事；B.lked int调查；C.applied fr申请；D.went ver复习。句意：虽然她妈妈支持她，但她让她意识到需要做多少工作---尽管如此，这名少年还是接受了挑战。根据下句T kick-start her prject，Lauren gt ecnmic （9）frm the Natinal FFA Organizatin，which （10）agricultural educatin，t pay fr seeds and gardening supplies.可知为了启动她的项目，劳伦得到了促进农业教育的国家FFA组织的经济支持，以支付种子和园艺用品的费用。说明她接受了挑战。故答案为A。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.guidance指导；B.supprt支持；C.pressure压力；D.benefit好处。句意：为了启动她的项目，劳伦得到了促进农业教育的国家FFA组织的经济支持，以支付种子和园艺用品的费用。根据空后pay fr seeds and gardening supplies.可知劳伦得到了促进农业教育的国家FFA组织的经济支持，以支付种子和园艺用品的费用。故答案为B。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.rganizes组织；B.expects期盼；C.prmtes提升；D.demands要求。句意：为了启动她的项目，劳伦得到了促进农业教育的国家FFA组织的经济支持，以支付种子和园艺用品的费用。根据空后agricultural educatin可知国家FFA组织的目的是促进农业教育。故答案为C。
（11）考查形容词及语境理解。A.amazing令人惊讶的；B.specific具体的；C.prfessinal专业的；D.tugh艰难的。句意：然后，具体工作开始了。根据下句Since the summers in Iwa are very ht and dry，she had t water them daily可知由于爱荷华州的夏天非常炎热干燥，她不得不每天浇水。说明具体工作开始了。故答案为B。
（12）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.wrked ut解出；B.paid ff得到回报；C.brke ff断开；D.wre ut穿破。句意：但她所有的努力都得到了回报。根据下句Her first harvest resulted in 40 punds f prduce可知她的第一次收获了40磅农产品。说明她的努力得到了回报。故答案为B。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.reward奖励；B.rescue拯救；C.hnur荣誉；D.dnatin捐赠。句意：劳伦说："知道任何想要新鲜蔬菜的人都可以得到捐赠真是太好了。根据前文（4）t make a change，Lauren set ut t grw prduce s she culd dnate it t （5）families.可知劳伦决心做出改变，开始种植农产品，以便捐赠给低收入家庭。说明她把新鲜蔬菜捐赠给了需要的人。故答案为D。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.impact影响；B.impress留下印象；C.challenge挑战；D.bserve观察。句意："我想影响社区成员。当你帮助别人时，情况就不一样了。这是让我最开心的事情，"劳伦说。根据空后cmmunity members可知她影响社区成员。故答案为A。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.discvery发现；B.prfit利益；C.difference不同；D.intentin打算。句意："我想影响社区成员。当你帮助别人时，情况就不一样了。这是让我最开心的事情，"劳伦说。make a difference发生变化。故答案为C。
本文是一篇记叙文。短文讲述了一个名叫劳伦•施罗德的青少年在社区食品非营利组织志愿服务时发现贫困社区的人们无法获得新鲜食物的问题。因此，她决定在父母的农场上种植蔬菜，并捐赠给需要的家庭。她从国家FFA组织获得经济支持，开始了她的种植项目。尽管工作艰巨，但她的努力最终收获了40磅的蔬菜。到目前为止，她已经在花园里工作了超过1000小时，生产了7000磅的蔬菜，她表示帮助社区成员让她感到最快乐。
完形填空题的解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
36.【答案】【小题1】were frced
【小题2】brught
【小题3】but
【小题4】his
【小题5】channels
【小题6】gverning
【小题7】until
【小题8】develpment
【小题9】t vercme
【小题10】in
【解析】（1）考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：根据传说，在尧帝时期，黄河泛滥，人们被迫离开他们的村庄，去住在树上或山顶上。根据Accrding t legend可知，要用一般过去时，peple与frce之间是动宾关系，要用一般过去时的被动语态，主语peple是集合名词，be动词用were。故填were frced。
（2）考查动词时态。句意：洪水给人们带来了巨大的不幸。因讲述的是过去的事情，要用一般过去时。故填brught。
（3）考查连词。句意：鲧想用石头把洪水截断，但失败了。根据句意可知，上下文之间是转折关系，要用连词but连接。故填but。
（4）考查形容词性物主代词。句意：他吸取了父亲的教训，疏通了新的河道作为出口，引水入江，引水入海。father's lessn是名词短语，要用形容词性物主代词his修饰作定语。故填his。
（5）考查可数名词复数。句意：他吸取了父亲的教训，疏通了新的河道作为出口，引水入江，引水入海。channel是可数名词，根据utlets可知，要用复数形式。故填channels。
（6）考查动名词。句意：禹日复一日，年复一年，连续治水十三年。spend time/mney （in） ding sth.意为"花费时间（金钱）做某事"，其中in可以省略。故填gverning。
（7）考查连词。句意：据说，在十三年的时间里，他三次经过他的家，但直到他的任务完成才进入。nt until"直到……才"，是连词词组。故填until。
（8）考查不可数名词。句意：他的努力不仅解决了洪水问题，而且促进了农业的发展。cntribute t"有助于"，t是介词，后接名词作宾语，develpment是不可数名词。故填develpment。
（9）考查动词不定式。句意：在困难面前，我们要有战胜困难的智慧和大公无私的精神。wisdm后接动词不定式作后置定语。故填t vercme。
（10）考查介词。句意：我们还需要强大的精神和坚定的信念，只有这样，我们才能共同应对各种困难。in that way"那样，用那种方法"，是介词短语。故填in。
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述大禹治水。禹吸取了鲧的教训，改用疏导的方法治水，让洪水顺河道流向大海。传说他在外治水13年，三次经过家门都没有抽时间进去看看。最后，禹终于制服了水患。
在一篇200词左右的语篇（短文或对话）中留出10处空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语不得多于3个单词。要做好语法填空题，理解短文是解题的前提，扎实的词汇、句型和语法知识是基础，英语国家的背景知识是必要的补充。考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容。答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境。
37.【答案】Dear Andy，
Hw's everything ging？These days I'm cnsidering a brief trip t Lndn in the cming winter hlidays.The fllwing is my expectatin and I badly need yur advice. （写信目的）
First，wuld yu please tell me the rute that I shuld take and which place I shuld visit. 【高分句型一】I have heard that there are many places f interest in Lndn.S I want t enjy as many as pssible.What's the mst imprtant is the best time when I shuld set ut.【高分句型二】（咨询的内容）
I will appreciate it if yu can give me sme suggestins.Lking frward t hearing frm yu sn. （表达期待）
Yurs， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：First，wuld yu please tell me the rute that I shuld take and which place I shuld visit.
译文：首先，你能告诉我该走哪条路，该去哪个地方吗。
分析：这句话使用了that引导的限制性定语从句，which引导的宾语从句。
高分句型二：What's the mst imprtant is the best time when I shuld set ut.
译文：最重要的是我应该出发的最佳时间。
分析：这句话使用了what引导的主语从句，when引导的限制性定语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
38.【答案】Mr.Barnes felt surprised when hearing the answer. "Only five dllars？Yu must have gtten mre than that，" Mr.Barnes said with certainty. "N，that's what I was given，and that was plenty，dn't yu think？【高分句型一】" answered the by with a happy smile and a little dubt. "N，I'm surprised it wasn't mre，" said Mr.Barnes. "I knw Mr.Barnes well and he will give much mre than five dllars.I believe that if yu cme back with me，yu'll get mre than five dllars."（描写了Barnes先生提出让小男孩一起回到房子里）
The by agreed，and they walked back t the huse tgether. When they went in，Mr.Barnes called his wrkers and asked the by t tell him wh had given him the five dllars. "It was him，" the by said，pinting t ne f the wrkers.When the man realized that his dishnesty had been discvered，he admitted it and felt embarrassed. 【高分句型二】Mr.Barnes demanded that he give the fifty dllars t the by immediately.And he said t the man， "Yur dishnesty has cst yu yur jb and yur gd name.I hpe yu sn learn that dishnesty is nt nly very flish but a terrible mistake." And Mr.Barnes fired him n the spt.（描写了Barnes先生惩罚了那位不诚实的工人并让他归还小男孩50美元）
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Barnes先生购买牛的过程中发生的一系列事件，包括他如何帮助一个小男孩，以及后来如何处理一个工人的不诚实行为。
高分句型一：N，that's what I was given，and that was plenty，dn't yu think？
翻译：不，那是给我的，而且够多了，你不觉得吗？
分析：本句运用了what引导的表语从句。
高分句型二：When the man realized that his dishnesty had been discvered，he admitted it and felt embarrassed.
翻译：当这个人意识到他的不诚实被发现时，他承认了，感到很尴尬。
分析：本句运用了when引导的时间状语从句和that引导的宾语从句。
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。