99，江苏省无锡市第一中学2020-2021学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题

这是一份99，江苏省无锡市第一中学2020-2021学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题，共27页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What did the man buy fr his father?
A. A hat. B. A card. C. A shirt.
2. Hw will Tm knw if the schl is canceled?
A. By asking his mther. B. By watching the snw. C. By checking the TV news.
3. Where was the man brn?
A. In America. B. In England. C. In Canada.
4. What des the man mean?
A. Anna may nt have time.
B. Anna is at her brther’s huse.
C. Anna shuld invite him t dinner.
5. What des the man think f the music festival this year?
A. It’s t far away. B. It’s t expensive. C. It’s t crwded.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. Hw many fifties did Fred start with?
A. Tw. B. Five. C. Ten.
7. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In a bank. B. In a math class. C. In a grcery stre.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. Wh invited the wman t the party?
A. Michael. B. Michael’s sister. C. Michael’s brther.
9. What is the man ging t get fr Michael?
A. A new CD player. B. Sme recrds. C. Several baseball cards.
10. Why can’t the wman decide what t get fr Michael?
A. She frgets what he likes.
B. She nly has a little mney.
C. She desn’t knw him well.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. What will Judy d this afternn?
A. Send Peter a brchure. B. Design sme mdels. C. Attend a meeting.
12. Why des Peter make the phne call?
A. T rder sme machines
B. T ask fr clred pictures.
C. T change the delivery time.
13. When will the speakers sign the agreement?
A. This evening. B. Tmrrw mrning. C. At nn tmrrw.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. Wh is the wman?
A. The man’s wife. B. The man’s dctr. C. The man’s persnal trainer.
15.What des the man want t d?
A. Jin a basketball team. B. Organize a sprts team. C. Teach high schl sprts.
16. What des the wman advise the mar. t d first?
A. Stp eating ice cream.
B. Have a medical examinatin.
C. Eat mre fruit and vegetables.
17. Why des the wman suggest the man exercise mre?
A. T lse weight.
B. T prevent a heart attack.
C. T strengthen his muscles.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18. Hw did the ld wman’s ckies becme famus?
A. She started a gd ckie business.
B. She gave them t children fr free.
C. She baked them in a special kitchen.
19. Why did the children help the ld wman at first?
A. The ld wman was t busy.
B. Their parents wanted them t d s.
C. They wanted t get sme experience.
20. What did the children d when the ld wman gt sick?
A. They cked fd fr her.
B. They tk turns lking after her.
C. They sld ckies t pay the dctr.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Hiking Trails(路线）fr Families n Lng Island
Planting Fields Arbretum State Histric Park,Oyster Bay
INFO:9 5 ;$8 per carlad n weekends nly
＂Nearly half the 409 acres f the frmer estate f the family and current state park arbretum(植物园）prperty is wdland that includes nature walks and a greenhuse,” cnfirmed by Brian Nearing,an fficer at New Yrk State Parks.Expect t see lts f wildlife,frm fxes and squirrels t birds f prey,such as red-tailed hawks and great hrned wls,a delight fr kids.
Cnnetqut River State Park Preserve,Oakdale
INFO:8 4 p.m.$8 parking fee daily,631-581-1005,
Casey,vice president f the Lng Island Greenbelt Trail Cnference,recmmends this park fr families because they can hike any part f the 50 miles.Alng the way,hikers at Cnnetqut River State Park Preserve might see deer,waterfwl and spreys(鱼鹰）。
Suthamptn trails
INFO:Park in museum parking lt at 377 Bridgehamptn-Sag Harbr Tpke.,Bridge-hamptn.N parking fee.
The Suthamptn Trail Preservatin Sciety runs many guided trails in the Hamptns, sme suitable fr even small children.Behind the Suth Frk Natural Histry Museum in Bridgehamptn is a small field that surrunds arund it and usually has butterflies and birds flying abut.
Blydenburgh Cunty Park,Hauppauge
INFO:Daun t dusk.Nrthern entrance is at the end f New Mill Rad.N parking fee.
The east side is flat,making the walk very kid-friendly.The west side is a bit mre hilly, but bth have spectacular water views f the pnd.On the east side is als the rwbat license that pens n Memrial Day and benches,as well as picnic tables.When yu're at Blyden-burgh Cunty Park,g in the nrth entrance ff New Mill Rad near Rute 347,where the main ffice f the Greenbelt Trail Cnference is situated.The ffice can prvide infrmatin and maps.The start f the trails als is here.
1. Which trail charges fr parking every day?
A. Suthamptn trails.
B. Blydenburgh Cunty Park.
C. Cnnetqut River State Park Preserve.
D. Planting fields Arbretum State Histric Park
2. What are Suthamptn trail special abut?
A. They include a lt f guided trails.
B. There are rare birds alng the way.
C. They cver the lngest hiking rute.
D. They re specially designed fr small kids.
3. What can We learn abut Blydenburgh Cunty Park?
A. Many hills lie n the east side.
B. Maps are ffered at the ffice near the nrth entrance.
C. The trails usually start at the east entrance.
D. A picnic table can be available n the west side.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了长岛的几条家庭徒步旅行路线。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Cnnetqut River State Park Preserve,Oakdale部分的$8 parking fee daily可知，Cnnetqut River State Park Preserve每天都收费。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Suthamptn trails部分的The Suthamptn Trail Preservatin Sciety runs many guided trails in the Hamptns, sme suitable fr even small children.（南安普顿小径保护协会在汉普顿有许多有向导的小径，有些甚至适合小孩子。）可知，这个远足机构经营着很多有导游的路线。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Blydenburgh Cunty Park部分的When yu're at Blyden-burgh Cunty Park,g in the nrth entrance ff New Mill Rad near Rute 347,where the main ffice f the Greenbelt Trail Cnference is situated.The ffice can prvide infrmatin and maps.（当你在布莱顿-伯格县公园时，从347号公路附近的新米尔路(New Mill Rad)的北入口出发，那里是绿带步道会议(Greenbelt Trail Cnference)的主要办公室。办公室可以提供信息和地图。）可知，可以在靠近北入口的办公室获得地图。故选B。
B
Mving arund Bgta can be a bit f a Jekyll-r-Hyde experience. On the ne hand, the city is infamus (声名狼藉的)fr having the wrld’s wrst traffic. Yet, n the ther, its cycling infrastructure is cnsidered a gd mdel f sustainable urban mbility, accrding t the Cpenhagenize Index, which ranks bike-friendly cities. The Clmbian capital generated a nw-internatinal mvement in the 1970s called Ciclvia, which sees 1.5 millin peple cycle acrss 128km f car-free streets each Sunday mrning.
S, when the pandemic reached its shres in mid-March, Bgta Mayr Claudia Lpez, an avid cyclist herself, intrduced ne f the wrld’s first plans t encurage bike travel, using traffic cnes t create 76 km f temprary lanes.
“Everyne started using a bicycle, and they already knew hw t get arund n ne because we have this bike culture thanks t the Ciclvia,” says Carls Pard, a lcal cycling advcate and senir advisr at the New Urban Mbility Alliance. Pard gt invlved at the beginning f the pandemic by partnering with a lcal bikeshare cmpany t prvide 400 free e-bikes t health wrkers. Nw, he’s busy persuading the public that the gvernment’s new bike lanes shuld becme permanent fixture (固定设施).
“Sme drivers say, ‘yu tk away ur lane’, but we’re saying, we tk ne car lane and made a tw-lane bidirectinal bike lane,” he explains. “S, yu’re duplicating the effectiveness f the space, and mving mre peple per hur, per directin.”
Biking has enjyed a renaissance (复兴) arund the wrld as urban citizens avid public transprt fr the relative safety f a tw-wheeled cmmute. Nw, many advcates like Pard are wrking with lcal gvernments in the hpe f turning these pandemic-respnse measures int lasting changes—nes that are mre plausible nw than ever after lckdwns prvided an unprecedented (空前的)pprtunities t fast-track infrastructure trials. The results f these urban planning experiments culd nt nly radically shape the way we cmmute acrss glbal cities, but als make them mre adaptable t future shcks.
4. What can best illustrate the underlined sentence?
A. Much knwledge that is f help in learning abut a new place.
B. A mixed feeling that is t cnfusing t express themselves.
C. An understanding that everything has bth advantages and disadvantages.
D. An idea that human beings are brn smewhere between gd and evil.
5. What was NOT the cause f the ppularity f cycling in Bgta?
A. The utbreak f the pandemic in mid-March.
B. The wrldwide bike culture dating back t the 1970s.
C. The gvernment’s supprt fr the temprary bike lanes.
D. The lcal bike cmpany’s cntributin t health wrkers.
6. What factr is likely t stp the change f bike-friendly, slw streets?
A. The increasing number f cyclists.B. Duplicated effectiveness f rad use.
C. A well-runded city expansin plan.D. The grwth f car wnership.
7. Which sectin f the newspaper includes articles f this srt?
A. Urban life.B. Plitics.C. SprtsD. Advice clumn.
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍波哥大有着世界上交通最糟糕的坏名声，然而它的自行车基础设施被认为是可持续的城市交通模式。自冠状病毒爆发以来，随着城市居民避免使用公共交通工具，自行车在世界各地重新流行起来。这些城市规划实验的结果不仅可以从根本上改变我们在全球城市之间的通勤方式，还可以使它们更能适应未来的冲击。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线句后“On the ne hand, the city is infamus (声名狼藉的) fr having the wrld’s wrst traffic. Yet, n the ther, its cycling infrastructure is cnsidered a gd mdel f sustainable urban mbility, accrding t the Cpenhagenize Index, which ranks bike-friendly cities. （一方面，这座城市因拥有世界上最糟糕的交通而臭名昭著。然而，另一方面，根据对自行车友好城市进行排名的哥本哈根指数，其自行车基础设施被认为是可持续城市交通的良好典范。）”可知，波哥大有优点和缺点。由此可知划线部分是指“每个事物都有双重性”这种理解，故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The Clmbian capital generated a nw-internatinal mvement in the 1970s called Ciclvia, which sees 1.5 millin peple cycle acrss 128km f car-free streets each Sunday mrning.（哥伦比亚首都在 20 世纪 70 年代发起了一项名为 Ciclvia 的国际运动，每周日早上都有 150 万人骑自行车穿越 128 公里的无车街道）”可知，B项“全球自行车文化可以追溯到20世纪70年代”是波哥大自行车运动流行的原因。第二段“S, when the pandemic reached its shres in mid-March, Bgta Mayr Claudia Lpez, an avid cyclist herself, intrduced ne f the wrld’s first plans t encurage bike travel, using traffic cnes t create 76 km f temprary lanes.（因此，当疫情在 3 月中旬蔓延时，波哥大市长克劳迪娅·洛佩兹（本人也是一名狂热的自行车爱好者）提出了世界上第一个鼓励自行车出行的计划，利用交通锥体修建了 76 公里的临时车道。）”可知，A项“3月中旬，疫情爆发”是波哥大自行车运动流行的原因；第三段“‘Everyne started using a bicycle, and they already knew hw t get arund n ne because we have this bike culture thanks t the Ciclvia,’ says Carls Pard, a lcal cycling advcate and senir advisr at the New Urban Mbility Alliance. Pard gt invlved at the beginning f the pandemic by partnering with a lcal bikeshare cmpany t prvide 400 free e-bikes t health wrkers Nw, he’s busy persuading the public that the gvernment’s new bike lanes shuld becme permanent fixture（固定设施）.（“每个人都开始使用自行车，他们已经知道如何骑自行车出行，因为我们有了 Ciclvia 的自行车文化，”当地自行车倡导者兼新城市交通联盟高级顾问卡洛斯·帕尔多 (Carls Pard) 说道。帕尔多在疫情爆发之初就参与其中，与当地一家自行车共享公司合作，向卫生工作者提供 400 辆免费电动自行车。现在，他正忙着说服公众政府的新自行车道应成为永久设施）”可知，D项“当地自行车公司对卫生工作者的贡献”是波哥大自行车运动流行的原因。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段““Sme drivers say, ‘yu tk away ur lane’, but we’re saying, we tk ne car lane and made a tw-lane bidirectinal bike lane,” he explains. “S, yu’re duplicating the effectiveness f the space, and mving mre peple per hur, per directin.”（“有些司机说，‘你夺走了我们的车道’，但我们的意思是，我们占用了一条汽车车道，并开辟了一条双车道双向自行车道，”他解释道。“所以，你正在复制空间的有效性，并且每小时、每个方向运送更多的人。”）”可知，道路使用的重复有效性可能会阻止自行车友好型慢速街道的改变，故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The Clmbian capital generated a nw-internatinal mvement in the 1970s called Ciclvia, which sees 1.5 millin peple cycle acrss 128km f car-free streets each Sunday mrning.（哥伦比亚首都在 20 世纪 70 年代发起了一项名为 Ciclvia 的国际运动，每周日早上都有 150 万人骑自行车穿越 128 公里的无车街道）”可知，文章介绍波哥大有着世界上交通最糟糕的坏名声，然而它的自行车基础设施被认为是可持续的城市交通模式。由此推知，本文最有可能节选自城市生活栏目，故选A。
C
Given hw valuable intelligence and autmatin (自动化) are we will cntinue t imprve ur technlgy if we are at all able t. At a certain pint, we will build machines that are smarter than we are. Once we have machines that are smarter than we are, they will begin t imprve themselves. And then we risk what the mathematician IJ Gd called an ‘‘intelligence explsin”. The prcess culd get ut f cntrl.
The cncern is really that we will build machines that are much mre cmpetent than we are. And the slightest divergence (分歧) between their gals and ur wn culd destry us.
Just think abut hw we relate t ants. We dn’t hate them. We dn’t g ut f ur way t harm them. In fact, smetimes we take pains nt t harm them. We step ver them n the sidewalk. But whenever their presence seriusly cnflicts with ne f ur gals, we will kill them withut hesitatin. The cncern is that we will ne day build machines that, whether they’re cnscius r nt, culd treat us with similar disregard.
The bare fact is that we will cntinue t imprve ur intelligent machines. We have prblems that we desperately need t slve. S we will d this, if we can. The train is already ut f the statin, and there’s n brake t pull. If we build machines that are mre intelligent than we are, they will very likely develp in ways that we can’t imagine, and exceed us in ways that we can’t imagine.
S imagine we hit upn a design f super intelligent AI that has n safety cncerns. This machine wuld be the perfect labr-saving device. It can design the machine that can build the machine which can d any physical wrk, pwered by sunlight, mre r less fr the cst f raw materials. S we’re talking abut the end f human labur. We’re als talking abut the end f mst intellectual wrk. S what wuld apes like urselves d in this circumstance?
What wuld sme natins d if they heard that sme cmpany in Silicn Valley was abut t deply a super intelligent AI? This machine wuld be capable f starting war, whether terrestrial r cyber, with unbelievable pwer.
Given that the cmpanies and gvernments building super intelligent AI are likely t perceive themselves as being in a race against all thers, and that t win this race is t win the wrld, it seems likely that whatever is easier t d will get dne first unless it is destryed in the next mment.
But the mment we admit that infrmatin prcessing is the surce f intelligence, we have t admit that we are in the prcess f building sme sn f gd. Nw wuld be a gd time t make sure it’s a gd we can live with.
8. What message des Paragraph 3 cnvey?
A. Intelligence and autmatin are very valuable.
B. The imprved machines will get away frm us.
C. The presence f machines des cnflict with ur gals.
D. Future intelligent machines culd treat us withut mercy.
9. Which f the fllwing sayings has similar meaning with the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4?
A. Time and tide wait fr n man.
B. Rme wasn’t built in a day.
C. Tmrrw is anther day.
D. Sht arrws will nt cme back.
10. Hw is the passage mainly develped?
A. By making cmparisns.
B. By giving assumptins.
C. By shwing valid evidence.
D. By analyzing statistics.
11. Which f the fllwing statements can best summarize the authr’s viewpint twards AI?
A. Human beings will n dubt be destryed by AI in the future.
B. Super intelligent AI will put an end t human labur eventually.
C. We shuld keep the develpment f AI within humans’ cntrl.
D. Human beings shuld stp the develpment f super intelligent AI.
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】我们能够制造一个不会失控的人工智能吗？在未来智能机器会毫不怜惜的伤害人类。但是开弓就没有回头箭，人类还是会继续研发人类可操控的人工智能机器。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段的句子“But whenever their presence seriusly cnflicts with ne f ur gals, we will kill them withut hesitatin. The cncern is that we will ne day build machines that, whether they’re cnscius r nt, culd treat us with similar disregard.（但只要他们的存在与我们的目标严重冲突，我们就会毫不犹豫地杀死他们。令人担忧的是，有一天我们会制造出机器，不管它们是否有意识，都可能以同样的漠视态度对待我们。）”可知，在未来智能机器会像我们杀死大片蚂蚁一样对待我们。故选D。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线句前的“The bare fact is that we will cntinue t imprve ur intelligent machines. We have prblems that we desperately need t slve. S we will d this, if we can.（事实是，我们将继续改进我们的智能机器。我们有迫切需要解决的问题。如果可以的话，我们会这么做的。）”可知，人类会继续提升智能机器，因为我们有一些急需解决的问题。可以判断出人类不能停止研发智能机器。所以，划线句子与D项“Sht arrws will nt cme back.（开弓没有回头箭）”意义一致。A. Time and tide wait fr n man.时不我待。B. Rme wasn’t built in a day.罗马不是一日建成的。C. Tmrrw is anther day.明天又是崭新的一天。D. Sht arrws will nt cme back.开弓没有回头箭。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章内容，特别是第五段的“S imagine we hit upn a design f super intelligent（想象一下，我们偶然发现了一个超级智能的设计）” 和第六段的“What wuld sme natins d if they heard that sme cmpany in Silicn Valley was abut t deply a super intelligent AI?（如果一些国家听说硅谷的某家公司即将部署超级智能人工智能，他们会怎么做?）”可知，本文做了大量的猜测，所以本文是通过猜想的手段展开阐述的。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“The bare fact is that we will cntinue t imprve ur intelligent machines. We have prblems that we desperately need t slve. S we will d this, if we can.（事实是，我们将继续改进我们的智能机器。我们有迫切需要解决的问题。如果可以的话，我们会这么做的。）”和最后一段的“Nw wuld be a gd time t make sure it’s a gd we can live with.（现在是时候确定这是一个我们能接受的神了。）”可知，作者认为人类还是会继续研发人类可操控的人工智能机器，故选C。
D
After mre than a year f pandemic, after mnths f an aggressive vaccinatin campaign, the United States shuld finally be better prepared t prtect itself against the crnavirus. Nearly all f ur lng-term-care residents are vaccinated. Tens f millins f ther peple have been vaccinated, and tens f millins mre have sme level f immunity frm previus infectin. With mre peple prtected, a new surge culd behave differently, but early signals frm the states with rising case numbers suggest that this will nt universally be the case.
Just lk at Michigan, the leading edge f this new surge. Cases are ging up quickly, and hspital admissins are mving in lckstep (步伐一致) —just as they have in past surges. This is a bit f a surprise. The United States is entering a new phase f the pandemic. Althugh we’ve previusly described the mst devastating (毁灭性的) perids as “waves” and “surges,” the mre prper metaphr nw is a trnad: Sme cmmunities wn’t see the strm, thers will be well frtified against disaster, and the mst at-risk places will be crushed. The virus has never hit all places equally, but the remarkable prtectin f the vaccines, cmbined with the new attributes f the variants. has created a situatin where the pandemic will disappear, but nly in sme places. The pandemic is r will sn be ver fr a lt f peple in well-resurced (实力雄厚的), heavily vaccinated cmmunities. In places where vaccinatin rates are lw and risk remains high, mre peple will jin the 550,000 wh have already died.
CDC Directr Rchelle Walensky spent her weekly press cnference n Mnday pleading with the American peple, nting “the recurring feeling I have f cming dm (厄运).” She asked the cuntry t “wrk tgether t prevent a furth surge.” Three distinct factrs are nw shaping this cuntry’s pandemic experience.
First, the United States did a terrible jb preventing transmissin (传染) f the disease. The cuntry’s level f excess death has been high, signaling that the pandemic’s true tll has been even steeper than the fficially released COVID-19 deaths. Mst ther cuntries did nt experience the same levels f cnsistent transmissin. Mst estimates place the number clser t 100 millin, and pssibly tens f millins mre.
Secnd, the U.S. is vaccinating peple quite efficiently. It has given ut the largest abslute number f dses (药的一剂) in the wrld. Almst three-quarters f the U.S. ppulatin ver 65 has received at least ne dse f the vaccine, with nearly half nw fully vaccinated. On a percentage basis, the U.S. has immunized nearly three times the number f peple that Germany, Italy, and France have, and in tw mnths, the U.S. will almst certainly have a very large percentage f vaccinated adults.
Third, the virus has had staggeringly unequal effects n the American ppulatin. Fr a persn f a given age, the risk fr certain racial and ethnic grups is several times that f a white persn. Native American, Latin, Pacific Islander, and Black cmmunities have suffered large and deadly utbreaks acrss the cuntry. Racialized ecnmic hierarchy (等级制度) as well as, perhaps, distrust f the medical establishment-are hlding dwn vaccinatin rates in prer places with less access t care. S sme cmmunities have bth higher risk and fewer fully prtected peple.
This all makes fr an extremely messy and vlatile (不稳定的) current situatin. The first tw factrs mean that sme places, such as Califrnia, will see the pandemic’s wrst pressures fade. But where the virus is already spreading quickly, the danger is still high, and the days are running ut t slw transmissin via vaccinatin. S far, the fatality (死亡) numbers have nt turned upward. Nw we can nly wait t see if deaths will fllw hspital admissins at the pace f past surges—r if smething has changed.
12. It can be inferred frm the case f Michigan that _________.
A. Michigan has an edge in bringing the pandemic under cntrl
B. mre patients are receiving prper medical treatment in hspitals
C. a new surge in cases and hspital admissins is unexpected and scary
D. a grwing number f residents have been immune t the infectin
13. The new phase f the pandemic is described as a trnad because _________.
A. the trnad that strikes during the pandemic makes peple suffer mre
B. the measures t fight the crnavirus prduce uneven results in different areas
C. sme pr cmmunities are prtected while sme areas mst at-risk are crushed
D. the crushing effects f the pandemic will last as lng as the trnad effects d
14. What factrs are shaping American’s pandemic experience?
①less access t medical care
②inaccurate estimates f death tlls
③distrust f gvernmental plicies
④disadvantaged sci-ecnmic status f ethnic grups
⑤a larger percentage f vaccinated adults
⑥efficient preventin f the transmissin
A. ①②③④⑤B. ①②③④C. ①②④⑤D. ①②③④⑥
15. Wat’s the authr’s attitude twards the present situatin f the pandemic?
A. Frustrated.B. Optimistic.C. Indifferent.D. Desperate.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了美国新冠疫情的状况以及造成美国疫情当前状况的原因。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Just lk at Michigan, the leading edge f this new surge. Cases are ging up quickly, and hspital admissins are mving in lckstep (步伐一致) —just as they have in past surges. This is a bit f a surprise.(看看密歇根州吧，它是这一新浪潮的前沿。病例数正在迅速增加，入院人数也在同步变化——就像过去激增的情况一样。这有点让人意外。)”可推知，从密歇根州的情况来看，病例和入院人数的新一轮激增是出乎意料且令人恐惧的，故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Althugh we’ve previusly described the mst devastating (毁灭性的) perids as “waves” and “surges,” the mre prper metaphr nw is a trnad: Sme cmmunities wn’t see the strm, thers will be well frtified against disaster, and the mst at-risk places will be crushed. The virus has never hit all places equally, but the remarkable prtectin f the vaccines, cmbined with the new attributes f the variants. has created a situatin where the pandemic will disappear, but nly in sme places. The pandemic is r will sn be ver fr a lt f peple in well-resurced (实力雄厚的), heavily vaccinated cmmunities. In places where vaccinatin rates are lw and risk remains high, mre peple will jin the 550,000 wh have already died.(尽管我们之前将最具破坏性的时期描述为“波浪”和“浪潮”，但现在更合适的比喻是龙卷风：一些社区不会看到风暴，另一些社区将有很好的防御措施来抵御灾难，最危险的地方将被摧毁。这种病毒从来没有平等地袭击所有地方，但疫苗的卓越保护作用以及变种的新属性相结合。造成了这种流行病将会消失的情况，但仅限于某些地方。对于资源充足、疫苗接种充足的社区中的许多人来说，这场大流行已经或即将结束。在疫苗接种率低且风险仍然很高的地方，更多的人将加入到已经死亡的55万人行列中。)”可推知，疫情的新阶段被描述为龙卷风，是因为抗击冠状病毒的措施在不同地区产生的效果参差不齐，故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Three distinct factrs are nw shaping this cuntry’s pandemic experience.(三个不同的因素正在塑造这个国家的疫情经历)”，第四段中“First, the United States did a terrible jb preventing transmissin (传染) f the disease. The cuntry’s level f excess death has been high, signaling that the pandemic’s true tll has been even steeper than the fficially released COVID-19 deaths. (首先，美国在防止疾病传播方面做得很糟糕。该国的超额死亡人数一直很高，这表明该流行病的真实死亡人数甚至比官方公布的COVID-19死亡人数还要高。)”可知，美国对死亡人数估计不准确，故第②点正确，美国在防止疾病传播方面做得很糟糕，第⑥点“有效预防传播”不对，故排除；根据倒数第二段中“Racialized ecnmic hierarchy (等级制度) as well as, perhaps, distrust f the medical establishment-are hlding dwn vaccinatin rates in prer places with less access t care. (种族化的经济等级制度，或许还有对医疗机构的不信任，正在压低获得医疗服务较少的贫困地区的疫苗接种率。)”可知，美国人们获得医疗服务的机会较少，对政府政策的不信任，且弱势族群的社会经济地位较低，故第①，③和④点正确；根据倒数第三段中“On a percentage basis, the U.S. has immunized nearly three times the number f peple that Germany, Italy, and France have, and in tw mnths, the U.S. will almst certainly have a very large percentage f vaccinated adults.(按百分比计算，美国的免疫接种人数几乎是德国、意大利和法国的三倍，并且在两个月内，美国几乎肯定会有很大比例的成年人接种疫苗)”可知，未来美国接种疫苗的成年人比例较高，题干问的是现在的情况，并非将来，故第⑤点不符，故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“This all makes fr an extremely messy and vlatile (不稳定的) current situatin. The first tw factrs mean that sme places, such as Califrnia, will see the pandemic’s wrst pressures fade. But where the virus is already spreading quickly, the danger is still high, and the days are running ut t slw transmissin via vaccinatin. S far, the fatality (死亡) numbers have nt turned upward. Nw we can nly wait t see if deaths will fllw hspital admissins at the pace f past surges—r if smething has changed.(这一切都造成了当前极其混乱和不稳定的局面。前两个因素意味着加州等一些地方的疫情最严重的压力将会消退。但在病毒已经迅速传播的地方，危险仍然很高，通过疫苗接种来减缓传播的日子已经不多了。到目前为止，死亡人数尚未上升。现在我们只能拭目以待，看看入院后死亡人数是否会像过去那样激增，或者情况是否有所改变。)”可知，作者认为当前极其混乱和不稳定，危险仍然很高，由此可推知，作者对当前疫情的情况是沮丧的，D项“绝望的”不符，因为目前死亡人数尚未上升，入院后死亡人数是否会像过去那样激增，或者情况是否有所改变，这都需要拭目以待，故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Nwadays with s much news available, many peple cnsume media in an autmatic, uncnscius state-similar t knwing yu drve hme but nt being able t recall the trip. ____16____. These tips can help yu becme wiser news cnsumers.
Seek ut yur wn news
Like mst peple, yu prbably get a fair amunt f yur news frm scial media. Yu shuld change that. Their gal is t maximize the time yu spend n their sites and apps, getting advertising incme. That means instead f presenting yu with the mst imprtant news f the day, scial media feed yu what will hld yur attentin. ____17____. These rganizatins actually prduce news, usually in the spirit f serving the public interest.
Use basic mathematics
Untrustwrthy news ften use sme data t make unreal statements. ____18____. Fr example, a widely spread rumur (谣言) falsely declared 10,150 Americans were killed by illegal immigrants in 2019. On the surface, it’s hard t knw whether it is true, but ne way t start is t think abut finding ut hw many ttal murders there were in the US in 2019.
____19____
Humans are biased(倾向性的) t believe what’s in frnt f their eyes. Vide cntent is cnsidered mre trustwrthy-even thugh sme vides can be very misleading. ____20____. Seeing and hearing shuld nt necessarily be believing. Treat vide cntent with just as much dubt as news text, checking any facts with news frm a trusted surce.
A. Watch ut fr biases
B. Believe vide cntent
C. Yu’ll see a mre cmplete range f infrmatin
D. Think carefully abut hw yu determine smething is true
E. Simple mathematical calculatins can help yu better spt false data
F. Therefre, regularly visit trusted news apps and news websites directly
G. Hwever, yu can develp habits t cntrl yur news intake mre cnsciusly
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. E 19. A 20. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了明智获取新闻三种方法。
【16题详解】
上一句提到“如今人们可以接触到大量的新闻，许多人在一种自动的、无意识的状态下消费媒体——就像你知道自己开车回家，但却想不起旅行的经过一样。”下一句提到“这些措施能帮助你成为更明智的新闻消费者。”前后句意相反，所以空格处应为转折句，起到承上启下的作用，G选项“但是，你可以培养自己更有意识地控制接受信息的习惯。”切题，故选G项。
【17题详解】
后文提到“These rganizatins actually prduce news…”，译为“这些组织实际上会生产新闻…”，所以这些组织是提供新闻的，由指示代词these可知，在这些组织在前文中就已提到，所以空格处应提到这些真正提供新闻的组织，且在空格之前提到很多社交媒体并不真正提供当天最重要的信息，而是吸引你的注意力从而达到打广告的目的，空格前后句意相反，所以空格处应有转折词，F项“因此，你应该直接访问值得信任的新闻软件和网站。”切题，故选F项。
【18题详解】
根据小标题“Use basic mathematics”可知，E项“简单的数学计算可以帮助你更好地识别错误的数据。”切题，故选E项。
【19题详解】
根据第一句“Humans are biased (倾向性的) t believe what’s in frnt f their eyes.”可知，本段主题与bias（偏见）有关，所以A项“注意偏见”切题，故选A项。
【20题详解】
根据后文“Seeing and hearing shuld nt necessarily be believing. Treat vide cntent with just as much dubt as news text, checking any facts with news frm a trusted surce.”可知，这部分是在讲即使是视频信息也要报以足够的怀疑，对来自受信任来源的信息也要检查，这是讲如何确定得到的信息是真实的，所以D项“仔细想想如何确定某件事是真实的”切题，故选D。
【点睛】对于一些七选五的小题，根据空格前后的名词、动词等对应选项中相同、相近或相反的词语就可以选出答案，例如第三题中小标题中的“mathematics”对应E项中的“mathematical”，故选E项。再例如第四题中第一句中的“biased”对应选项A中的biases，故选A。
第三部分 语言运用（共四节，满分50分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
When I was a teenager, my dad did everything he culd t discurage me frm becming a brewer (酿酒师). He’d spent his life in lcal breweries, ____21____ making a living, as had his father and grandfather befre him.
S I did as he asked. I went t business schl and gt a highly paid jb at a business- cnsulting firm. ____22____, after wrking there fr five years, I was haunted by ____23____. Is this what I want t be ding when I’m 50?
I remembered that sme time befre my dad had been cleaning ut the attic and ____24____ sme ld beers ____25____ . “Tday’s beer is ____26____ water that can hld a head,” he’d tld me.
I agreed. Americans pay gd mney fr inferir beer, I thught. Why nt make gd beer fr Americans using my family way?
I decided t quit my jb t becme a brewer. When I tld Dad, I was hping he’d put his arm arund me and get ____27____ abut cntinuing traditin. Instead, he said, “Jim, that is the dumbest thing I’ve ever heard!”
As much as Dad bjected, in the end he became my new cmpany’s first ____28____, cughing up (支付) $40,000 when I pened the Bstn Beer Cmpany in 1984. Ging frm my fancy ffice t being a brewer was like muntain climbing: exciting, liberating and ____29____.All my safety nets were gne.
Once the beer was made, I faced my biggest _____30_____ yet: n ne had ever heard f it. I needed a name that was _____31_____ and elegant, s I named my beer _____32_____ Samuel Adams, a brewer and patrit (爱国者) wh helped t fund the Bstn Tea Party.
The nly way t get the wrd ut, I realized, was t sell direct. I filled my briefcase with beer and hit every bar in Bstn. Six weeks later, at the Great American Beer Festival, Sam Adams Bstn Lager wn the tp prize fr American beer. The rest is histry. It wasn’t suppsed t wrk ut this way — whatever des? — but in the end I was _____33_____ t be a brewer.
My advice t all yung entrepreneurs is simple: Life is very shrt, s dn’t _____34_____ t make decisins. Life desn’t let yu _____35_____.
21.
A. barelyB. easilyC. sufficientlyD. adequately
22.
A. ThughB. OtherwiseC. StillD. Anyhw
23.
A. fearB. dubtC. regretD. desire
24.
A. came acrssB. picked utC. put dwnD. bring abut
25.
A. menusB. cansC. recipesD. labels
26.
A. exactlyB. particularlyC. rughlyD. basically
27.
A. miserableB. amusedC. excitedD. cncerned
28.
A. emplyerB. custmerC. investrD. salesman
29.
A. inspiringB. relaxingC. pushingD. frightening
30.
A. pprtunityB. decisinC. bstacleD. defeat
31.
A respectableB. hnrableC. recgnizableD. understandable
32.
A. afterB. byC. asD. fr
33.
A. appintedB. brnC. cnsideredD. intended
34.
A. hesitateB. needC. waitD. rush
35.
A. delayB. dreamC. planD. prepare
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从商业咨询师转型为酿酒师的经历。作者在年轻时受到父亲的反对，但最终实现了自己的梦想，并创建了自己的酿酒公司。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他一生都在当地啤酒厂里度过，就像他的父亲和祖父一样，勉强维持生计。A. barely勉强；B. easily轻易地；C. sufficiently足够地；D. adequately充分地。根据上文“When I was a teenager, my dad did everything he culd t discurage me frm becming a brewer (酿酒师).”可知，作者的父亲并不想让作者做酿酒师，由此可推测，做酿酒师的收入微薄，只能勉强维持生计。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，在那里工作了五年之后，我还是被怀疑所困扰。A. Thugh虽然；B. Otherwise否则；C. Still尽管如此；D. Anyhw无论如何。根据上文“I went t business schl and gt a highly paid jb at a business-cnsulting firm.”以及空后的“after wrking there fr five years, I was haunted by ____3____.”可知，两句之间存在转折关系。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，在那里工作了五年之后，我还是被怀疑所困扰。A. fear害怕；B. dubt怀疑；C. regret遗憾；D. desire渴望。根据下文的“Is this what I want t be ding when I’m 50?”可知，作者的内心充满了自我怀疑，作者不确定这是不是自己想要的生活。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我记得不久前，我爸爸在清理阁楼时偶然发现了一些旧的啤酒配方。A. came acrss偶然发现；B. picked ut挑出；C. put dwn记下；D. bring abut带来。根据上文的“I remembered that sme time befre, my dad had been cleaning ut the attic”可知，作者的爸爸是在清理阁楼的时候发现的啤酒配方。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我记得不久前，我爸爸在清理阁楼时偶然发现了一些旧的啤酒配方。A. menus菜单；B. cans罐子；C. recipes食谱；D. labels标签。根据下文““Tday’s beer is ____6___ water that can hld a head,” he’d tld me.”以及“Why nt make gd beer fr Americans using my family way?”可推测，作者的爸爸是发现了一些啤酒配方。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我：“今天的啤酒特别水，能让人保持清醒。”A. exactly确切地；B. particularly特别、尤其；C. rughly粗略地；D. basically基本上、主要地。根据空后的“that can hld a head”可知，作者的爸爸认为现在的啤酒特别水，所以会让人保持清醒。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我告诉爸爸的时候，我本希望他会搂着我，为延续传统而感到兴奋。A. miserable悲惨的；B. amused愉快的；C. excited兴奋的；D. cncerned担忧的。根据上文的“he’d put his arm arund me”以及下文“Instead, he said, “Jim, that is the dumbest thing I’ve ever heard!””中的“instead”可推测，作者本以为自己的爸爸会兴奋，然而爸爸却认为这个想法很愚蠢。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管父亲极力反对，但最终他还是成为了我新公司的第一位投资者。A. emplyer雇主；B. custmer顾客；C. investr投资者；D. salesman销售员。根据下文的“cughing up (支付) $40,000 when I pened the Bstn Beer Cmpany in 1984”可知，作者的父亲投入了第一笔资金，所以是新公司的第一位投资者。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从我的豪华办公室变成一名酿酒师，就像爬山一样：令人兴奋、解放和恐惧。A. inspiring令人振奋的；B. relaxing轻松的；C. pushing有进取心的；D. frightening令人害怕的。根据下文的“All my safety nets were gne.”可知，对作者而言，成为一名酿酒师心中也会感到害怕。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：啤酒酿造出来后，我遇到了最大的障碍：没人听说过它。A. pprtunity机会；B. decisin决定；C. bstacle障碍；D. defeat击败。根据空后的“n ne had ever heard f it”可知，作者的创业遭遇了障碍，即并没有人听说过作者所酿造的啤酒。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我需要一个可识别且优雅的名字，所以我用Samuel Adams的名字来命名我的啤酒，他是一位酿酒商和爱国者，曾帮助创立Bstn Tea Party。A. respectable可接受的；B. hnrable可敬的；C. recgnizable可识别的；D. understandable可理解的。根据常识可知，想要一个产品被大众所熟悉，拥有一个可识别的品牌名也很重要。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：我需要一个可识别且优雅的名字，所以我用Samuel Adams的名字来命名我的啤酒，他是一位酿酒商和爱国者，曾帮助创立Bstn Tea Party。A. after在……后；B. by用；C. as作为；D. fr为了。根据下文“Six weeks later, at the Great American Beer Festival, Sam Adams Bstn Lager wn the tp prize fr American beer.”可知，作者用Samuel Adams的名字来命名自己酿造的啤酒。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事情不应该是这样的——不管怎样？——但最终，我生来就是一个酿酒师。A. appinted任命；B. brn出生；C. cnsidered考虑；D. intended打算。根据上文“Six weeks later, at the Great American Beer Festival, Sam Adams Bstn Lager wn the tp prize fr American beer.”以及全文内容可知，作者所酿造的啤酒大获成功，由此可知，作者的啤酒很好，所以说作者生来就是一个酿酒师。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对所有年轻企业家的建议很简单：人生苦短，所以不要急于做决定。生活不让你计划。A. hesitate犹豫；B. need需要；C. wait等待；D. rush急忙。根据全文内容可知，作者最初并没有当酿酒师，工作多年后，作者才成为了一名酿酒师。由此可推测，作者希望年轻人不要急于做决定。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对所有年轻企业家的建议很简单：人生苦短，所以不要急于做决定。生活不让你计划。A. delay延误；B. dream梦想；C. plan计划；D. prepare准备。根据全文内容可知，作者最初并没有成为酿酒师，后来才决定当酿酒师，并取得了成功。由此可推测，作者认为生活不是计划出来的，年轻人也不要急于做出决定。故选C。
第二节 单句填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
36. Quite a few abriginal tribes became ________ (extinctin) as a result f this endless pandemic. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】extinct
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：由于这场无休止的流行病，相当多的土著部落灭绝了。作表语，应用形容词extinct。故填extinct。
37. The Suez Canal is ________ (strategy) imprtant because it prvides the shrtest maritime rute cnnecting the Mediterranean and the Red Sea. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】strategically
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：苏伊士运河具有重要的战略意义，因为它提供了连接地中海和红海的最短海上航线。修饰形容词imprtant应用副词strategically，作状语。故填strategically。
38. The hspital is searching far and wide fr a heart ________ (dnate) fr he 8-year-ld. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】dnatr
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：医院正在为这个8岁的孩子寻找心脏捐献者。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。根据句意，用名词 dnatr，表示“捐赠者”。故填dnatr。
39. That superpwer’s bans made us aware and ________ (appreciate) f the imprtance f self-reliance. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】appreciative
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个超级大国的禁令使我们意识到并欣赏自力更生的重要性。分析句式结构可知，aware是形容词作宾补；再根据and可知，空格处应该用提示词的形容词形式与and前的形容词aware并列。故填appreciative。
40. Fr the same reasn its plicy is as narrw as always s that it will hardly prduce any result ________ (benefit) t the wrld at large. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】beneficial
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：出于同样的原因，它的政策一如既往地狭隘，因此它几乎不会产生任何有利于整个世界的结果。修饰名词result，作后置定语应用形容词beneficial。故填beneficial。
41. Thse respnsible NGOs ________ (take) varius measures t deal with the increasingly serius pllutin. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】are taking
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：那些负责任的非政府组织正在采取各种措施来应对日益严重的污染。分析句子可知，空处应用现在进行时，表示现在正在进行的动作，句子主语NGOs为复数名词，be动词用are。故填are taking。
42. ________ as Artemisinin（青蒿素） cntinues t serve as the fundatin f anti-malarial treatment, numerus challenges have arisen in the further applicatin and develpment f this family f drug. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】Even
【解析】
【详解】考查连词。句意：正当青蒿素继续作为抗疟疾治疗的基础时，该家族药物的进一步应用和开发也面临着诸多挑战。even as的意思是：恰巧在……时候；正当，一般用来连接时间状语从句，位于句首首字母大写，故填Even。
43. The escalatr in the shpping mall wn’t be put t use befre ________ (repair). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】being repaired
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在修理之前，购物中心的自动扶梯不会投入使用。befre 是介词，后接动词时应用动名词形式，且 escalatr与 repair之间是被动关系，应用动名词的被动语态。故填 being repaired。
44. With many eyes ________ (glue) t their smartphnes, peple neglect their real-life activities n a daily basis. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】glued
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于很多人的眼睛都盯着智能手机，人们忽略了日常生活中的活动。动词glue意为“全神贯注于；专注于”，作with复合结构中宾语补足语，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语many eyes之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填glued。
45. It is ur respnsibility as scientists, knwing the great prgress that is the fruit f freedm f thught, ________ (teach) hw dubt is nt t be feared but t be welcmed and discussed. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】t teach
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为科学家，我们有责任知道思想自由带来的巨大进步，教导人们如何不要害怕怀疑，而是欣然接受和讨论怀疑。It is…that为强调句型，结合句意，空处缺少表语，表示“责任是去教导……”，用不定式t teach。故填t teach。
第二节 完成句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
46. 只有当学生能获取所需的学习资料时，他们才能取得进步。（Only句首；access）(汉译英)
【答案】Only when students have access t the learning materials they need can they make prgress.
【解析】
【详解】考查时间状语从句，部分倒装，时态和定语从句。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“只有”是nly，“当学生能获取所需的学习资料时”用when引导的时间状语从句，从句主语“学生”是student，要用复数形式students表示泛指，“能获取”是have access t，主语students是复数，have用原形形式，“学习资料”是the learning materials，使用复数形式表示泛指，作介词t的宾语，“所需的”是they need，为省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰名词materials，“取得进步”是make prgress，“他们才能取得进步”是they can make prgress，nly+状语从句位于句首时，主句应用部分倒装结构，即把can提到主语they的前面，因此整句话翻译为“Only when students have access t the learning materials they need can they make prgress”。故答案为Only when students have access t the learning materials they need can they make prgress.
47. 沉溺于互联网会对青少年的身心健康产生不好的影响。（addicted；impact）(汉译英)
【答案】Being addicted t the Internet will have a bad impact n teenagers’ physical and mental health.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词、动词和固定短语。根据句意和提示词可知，本句时态可用一般将来时；表示“沉溺于”可用短语be addicted t，因为是主语的位置，所以用动名词形式；表示“互联网”可用短语the Internet；表示“产生不好的影响”可用短语 have a bad impact n；表示“青少年的身心健康”可用短语teenagers’ physical and mental health。故答案为Being addicted t the Internet will have a bad impact n teenagers’ physical and mental health.
48. 不要理所当然地认为无论何时你想摆脱坏习惯你就能摆脱。(take; rid) (汉译英)
【答案】Dn’t take it fr granted that yu can get rid f a bad habit whenever yu want.
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句、让步状语从句、动词短语和名词。句子为否定祈使句，应用dn’t d表示“不要做某事”，“理所当然地认为”可用固定句型take it fr granted that，其中it是形式宾语，that引导的名词性从句是真正的宾语；从句中主语“你”用代词yu，“能”用情态动词can，“摆脱”可用动词短语get rid f，“坏习惯”可用名词短语a bad habit；“无论何时你想（摆脱坏习惯）”可用意为“无论何时”的whenever引导让步状语从句，主语“你”用代词yu，“想”可用动词want，且此处描述通常性的行为，时态应用一般现在时，want应保持原形。故译为：Dn’t take it fr granted that yu can get rid f a bad habit whenever yu want.
49. 我们突然想到应该提高人们保护濒危物种的意识。（ccur；awareness）(汉译英)
【答案】It ccurred t us that we shuld raise peple’s awareness f prtecting endangered species.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态、短语、主语从句、非谓语动词和名词。“某人突然想到”用短语ccur t smebdy，描述过去的事情用一般过去时，it作形式主语，that引导主语从句，从句中主语是we，谓语是“应该提高”表示为shuld raise，“人们保护濒危物种的意识”表示为peple’s awareness f prtecting endangered species.，介词后用动名词，“意识”是名词awareness，“物种”是复数名词species,故翻译为It ccurred t us that we shuld raise peple’s awareness f prtecting endangered species.
50. 毕业后用光了所有钱，他不得不向这家公司申请一份工作。（v. -ing；apply）(汉译英)
【答案】Having run ut f all the mney after graduatin, he had t apply fr a jb t the cmpany.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词，固定短语和时态。“毕业后用光了所有钱”用现在分词having dne作状语，表示先于谓语动作发生的非谓语动作，“用光了”是run ut f，“所有钱”是all the mney，“毕业后”是after graduatin，“他不得不向这家公司申请一份工作”描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，“不得不做某事”是have t d sth.，have用过去式，“向……申请……”是apply fr sth. t sb.，“这家公司”是the cmpany，“一份工作”是a jb，因此整句话翻译为“Having run ut f all the mney after graduatin, he had t apply fr a jb t the cmpany”。故答案为Having run ut f all the mney after graduatin, he had t apply fr a jb t the cmpany.
第四节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nezha is the subject f the latest cartn film, which ___51___ (fficial) pened in cinemas in China n July 26. Nezha has gt wnderful reviews and is rated higher than Mnkey King : Her is Back. Since July 26, the film ___52___ (earn) mre than 140 millin yuan at the bx ffice, and the film has a scre f 8. 8 ___53___ (pint) (ut f 10) n China's largest filming rating site, Duban.
Yang Yu, ___54___is the directr f it, made up his mind ___55___ (prduce) a film n the theme f breaking ld rules and changing fate. Yang chse Nezha as his character, the___56___ (cmbine) f the rebellius (叛逆的)but straight yuth. The film is lsely based n the Chinese nvel The Investiture f the Gds. In the nvel, Nezha is brn during the Shang dynasty and is famus ______57______ fighting against the Dragn King.
It tk Yang Yu tw years t plish the script, and the film was in prductin fr three years. It is___58___mst cmplex cartn prductin ever ___59___ (make) in China. It has mre than 1 ,300 special effects shts, and it tk ver 20 Chinese special effects studis, ___60___(emply) mre than 1, 600 peple, t realize the film's fairy tale setting, the mysterius Dragn King's palace. One spectacular scene alne tk tw mnths t cmplete.
【答案】51. fficially
52. has earned
53. pints 54. wh
55. t prduce
56. cmbinatin
57. fr 58. the
59. made 60. emplying
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。《哪吒》是7月26日在中国电影院正式上映的最新的一部动画片，该片的主题是打破旧规则和改变命运，其科技含量很高，获得了观众的好评。
【51题详解】
考查副词。句意：《哪吒》是7月26日在中国电影院正式上映最新的一部动画片。分析句式可知，设空处所给词是修饰动词pened的，修饰动词要用副词，因此，用fficial的副词形式。故填fficially。
【52题详解】
考查时态。句意：自7月26日以来，该片票房收入超过1.4亿元。根据上下文语境，尤其是时间状语Since July 26可知，该句用现在完成时态，故填has earned。
【53题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：中国最大的电影点评网站豆瓣网给这部影片打了8.8分，满分是10分。pint是可数名词，前面有数字8.8修饰，故用复数形式pints。
【54题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：导演杨钰下定决心拍摄一部以打破旧规则、改变命运为主题的电影。分析句子结构可知，两个逗号之间为非限制性定语从句，先行词为Yang Yu（人名），且从句缺主语。故填wh。
【55题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：导演杨钰下定决心拍摄一部以打破旧规则、改变命运为主题的电影。本句运用了make up ne’s mind t d sth，意为“下定决心去做某事”，故填t prduce。
【56题详解】
考查名词。句意：杨选择了《哪吒》作为角色人物，它代表了叛逆但直率的青春。由空格前的定冠词the可以确定空格处应该填名词形式，cmbine的名词是cmbinatin。故填cmbinatin。
【57题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：小说中，哪吒生于商朝，以对抗龙王而闻名。本句运用了be famus fr，意为“以……闻名”。故填fr。
【58题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：这是中国有史以来最复杂的动画片。根据后面的mst cmplex可知，它是最复杂的，前面要加上定冠词the。故填the。
【59题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：这是中国有史以来最复杂的动画片。句中cartn prductin和动词make是被动关系，应使用过去分词表被动，作cartn prductin的定语。故填made。
【60题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：电影有1300多个特效镜头，雇用1600多人，来实现影片的童话场景的布置。本句谓语动词为“has和tk ver”，所以空格处动词emply应使用非谓语动词形式。“雇佣”这个动作是由it发出的，所以使用现在分词形式。故填emplying。
第四部分 写作（满分20分）
61. 假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Tm向你发来e-mail，询问我支持新疆棉花吗。请你给他回信，内容包括：
1. 民众对于知名运动品牌（sprtswear brands）禁用新疆棉（a ban n Xinjiang cttn）的不同看法并陈述理由；
2. 你对于民众中抵制（byctt）知名运动品牌的看法并陈述理由。
注意：
1. 词数100词左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tm,
Hw are yu ding?
I’m glad t share with yu
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I’m lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】One pssible versin:
Dear Tm,
Hw are yu ding?
I’m glad t share with yu the issue f supprting Xinjiang cttn.
There are varying pinins amng the public twards the ban n Xinjiang cttn by sme sprtswear brands. Sme peple believe that banning Xinjiang cttn is necessary t address human rights cncerns. They are cncerned abut reprts f frced labr and vilatins f human rights in Xinjiang. Hwever, thers see the ban as an unjust accusatin against Xinjiang. They argue that the ban is plitically mtivated and unfairly targets an entire regin’s industry.
I persnally believe that byctting sprtswear brands may nt be the mst effective way t address the issue. Instead, I think engaging in cnstructive dialgue, advcating fr respnsible surcing, and supprting transparent supply chains wuld be mre prductive in prmting ethical practices in the cttn industry.
I’m lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生以李华的身份，回复美国朋友Tm有关“我支持新疆棉花”话题的邮件，需先说明民众对知名运动品牌禁用新疆棉的看法和理由，再分享自己对民众中抵制知名运动品牌的看法和理由。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
不同的：varying→different
必要的：necessary→essential, indispensable
处理：address→tackle, cpe with
有效的：prductive→effectual, impactful
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Hwever, thers see the ban as an unjust accusatin against Xinjiang.
拓展句：Hwever, thers think that the ban is an unjust accusatin against Xinjiang.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Sme peple believe that banning Xinjiang cttn is necessary t address human rights cncerns. (运用了that引导名词性从句作believe的宾语、动名词短语banning…作主语)
[高分句型2] Instead, I think engaging in cnstructive dialgue, advcating fr respnsible surcing, and supprting transparent supply chains wuld be mre prductive in prmting ethical practices in the cttn industry. (运用了that引导名词性从句作think的宾语并被省略、动名词短语engaging…, advcating…和supprting…并列作主语)