湖北省宜荆荆随恩2023-2024学年高三上学期1月联考英语试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份湖北省宜荆荆随恩2023-2024学年高三上学期1月联考英语试题（Word版附解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了选择题的作答，非选择题的作答，Wh is the wman?等内容，欢迎下载使用。
注意事项：
1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What is the man?
A．He is an accuntant. B．He is a teacher. C．He is an athlete.
2．What des the wman say abut her teacher?
A．He talks t fast. B．He uses difficult wrds. C．His prnunciatin is terrible.
3．What des the wman think f the plates?
A．They’re f pr quality. B．They’re reasnably priced. C．They’re verpriced.
4．Where are the speakers?
A．In a wine shp. B．In a supermarket. C．In a restaurant.
5．What are the speakers generally talking abut?
A．Statistics n labr market. B．Requirements f mst bsses. C．Decreasing ppularity f gap year.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What will cause a delay?
A．The change f the battery. B．The replacement f the band. C．The repairs f the watch.
7．When will the watch finally be ready?
A．On Tuesday. B．On Wednesday. C．On Thursday.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．Wh is the wman?
A．A travel agent. B．A ticket ffice clerk. C．The mans’ secretary.
9．Why des the wman call Mr. Smith?
A．T remind him f a discunt. B．T arrange a flight schedule. C．T check his flight time.
听第8段材料， 回答第10至12题。
10．What will happen next Tuesday?
A．The teachers will mark the mid-term tests.
B．The speakers will attend the mid-term tests.
C．The wman will get the result f the mid-term tests.
11．What class des the man intend t attend?
A．Internet technlgy. B．Sftware engineering. C．American Revlutin.
12．Hw des the man prbably feel in the end?
A．Astnished and embarrassed. B．Sad and hpeless. C．Disappinted and annyed.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．Hw did the wman knw the gym?
A．Frm a friend. B．Frm a website. C．Frm a newspaper.
14．Hw lng is the gym pen a day?
A．16 hurs. B．19 hurs. C．24 hurs.
15．What service des the gym ffer nw?
A．Nutritius meals. B．Free membership fee. C．Experienced persnal trainers.
16．What des the wman decide t d at last?
A．Pay a visit t the gym. B．Chse a persnal trainer. C．Apply fr a membership card.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What was the weather like in the suth last weekend?
A．Rainy. B．Dry. C．Cludy.
18．Where is there a thunderstrm tday?
A．In Lndn. B．In Manchester. C．In Leeds.
19．What will the highest temperature be in England this week?
A．21℃. B．23℃. C．30℃.
20．What can we learn frm the talk?
A．It will be dry in Lndn until Friday.
B．It will rain tmrrw in England.
C．Temperatures will drp this week.
第二部分 阅读（共两节满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Yur help makes a big difference!
These rganizatins prvide year-rund supprt fr thse wh need it the mst. Please give yur generus supprt t ne r mre f these charities.
Back Up
Fr ver 35 years, Back Up, the natinal charity has helped peple affected by spinal crd injury rebuild their independence after a devastating （毁灭性的） injury. Tday, Back Up is at the frefrnt f helping peple in UK adjust psitively t spinal crd injury. Yur dnatin really matters! Dnate at
Debra UK
Debra has been devted t gifting vital care t EB patients fr 60 years. EB (epidermlysis bullsa) is a genetic disease that causes the skin t blister and tear at the slightest tuch. There are n cures fr EB, but specialist healthcare are available in Birmingham and Lndn. With yur supprt, Debra can cntinue t prvide grants （补助金）, ensuring patients acrss the UK medical supprt. Please dnate at
Chase Africa
When Chase Africa enabled Venzetina t earn a living, she set up her wn business and nw sends her tw children t schl. Venzetina said: “Life culd have been s much harder. Thanks t the Chase Africa, I can supprt my family.” Chase Africa, a charity rganizatin funded in 2012, has changed many African wmen’s life. T dnate, please visit
The Trauma Care Charity
The Trauma Care Charity has helped Trauma （创伤） victims fr 22 years. They wrk with all levels f medical prfessinals, frm vlunteers, nurses and cnsultants. T find ut mre, scan the QR cde r g t
1. Which charity rganizatin has the shrtest histry?
A. The Trauma Care CharityB. Back UpC. Debra UK D. Chase Africa
2. If yu want t help peple brn with EB, yu shuld dnate at ______.
A. B. C. D.
3. What d the tw rganizatins Back Up and Debra UK have in cmmn?
A. They supprt the disabled in Eurpe.B. They prvide jbs fr hmeless peple.
C. They ffer help t patients in UK.D. They dnate mney t wmen in Africa.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了四个为最需要的人提供全年的支持的慈善组织。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Chase Africa中的介绍“Chase Africa, a charity rganizatin funded in 2012, has changed many African wmen’s life.(大通非洲是一家成立于2012年的慈善组织，它改变了许多非洲女性的生活。)”以及其它慈善机构的历史“Fr ver 35 years, Back Up”“Debra has been devted t gifting vital care t EB patients fr 60 years.(60年来，Debra一直致力于为EB患者提供重要的护理。)”“The Trauma Care Charity has helped Trauma（创伤） victims fr 22 years. (创伤护理慈善机构已经帮助创伤受害者22年了。)”可知，Chase Africa慈善组织具有最短的历史。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Debra UK中的介绍“There are n cures fr EB, but specialist healthcare are available in Birmingham and Lndn. With yur supprt, Debra can cntinue t prvide grants （补助金）, ensuring patients acrss the UK medical supprt. Please dnate at ( EB没有治愈方法，但在伯明翰和伦敦有专门的医疗服务。在您的支持下，Debra可以继续提供补助金。请在捐款。)”可知，如果你想帮助患有EB的人，你可以在上捐款。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Back Up中的介绍“Tday, Back Up is at the frefrnt f helping peple in UK adjust psitively t spinal crd injury(今天，Back Up站在帮助英国人积极适应脊髓损伤的最前沿)”以及“but specialist healthcare are available in Birmingham and Lndn. With yur supprt, Debra can cntinue t prvide grants（补助金）, ensuring patients acrss the UK medical supprt.(但在伯明翰和伦敦有专门的医疗服务。在您的支持下，Debra可以继续提供补助金，确保全英国的患者得到医疗支持)”可知，两者的共同点是他们为英国病人提供帮助。故选C。
B
Amy Jandrisevits knws the value f a gd dll. “Dlls have a pwer we dn’t cmpletely understand,” she tld The Tday Shw. It’s a cnclusin she came t while wrking as a scial wrker using dlls t help her yung clients adapt t their changing medical situatins. Many f the kids saw themselves in thse dlls. But fr the kids missing a limb r wh had lst their hair, there were nne they culd relate t.
S, seven years ag, when a friend revealed that her child was transgender, Jandrisevits, nw 49, knew what might help the yuth thrugh this ptentially challenging perid and eventually started a nnprfit, A Dll Like Me. “It’s hard t tell a kid that they are perfect the way they are and t build self-esteem that way, yet never give them anything that lks like them.” she says.
Jandrisevits went abut changing that. She crafted a dll by hand — using fabric, stitching, and markers — that resembled her friend’s child and sent it ff. After the friend psted a pht nline f the happy child and dll, anther wman asked Jandrisevits t make a dll that lked like her baby, wh was missing a leg.
Wrd spread, and sn Jandrisevits was making dlls fr children with scars, birthmarks, facial defrmities (畸形)— in shrt, a dll that lked like them. It takes her as lng as seven hurs t craft each ne. A GFundMe page helps her ffset csts and allws her t dnate her services. She hasn’t charged fr a single dll since she began her nnprfit.
In all she’s made mre than 400 dlls. The waiting list is lng, but Jandrisevits is unbwed. As she explains n her GFundMe page, “Every kid, regardless f gender, ethnicity, age, medical issue, r bdy type, shuld lk int the sweet face f a dll and see their wn.”
4. What’s the value f a gd dll t the sick kids accrding t Jandrisevits?
A. Hiding their sadness.B. Keeping them cmpany.
C. Restring their physical health.D. Helping kids accept themselves.
5. What des the underlined part “changing that” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Making perfect dlls fr children.B. Offering kids dlls t identify with.
C. Telling trubled kids t build self-esteem.D. Encuraging kids t vercme difficulties.
6. What can we infer abut dlls frm the last tw paragraphs?
A. The tailr-made dlls are in shrt supply.
B. Jandrisevits makes dlls at her wn expense.
C. The dlls are nly crafted fr disabled children.
D. It is a piece f cake fr Jandrisevits t craft a dll.
7. What’s the authr’s purpse f writing the text?
A. T share hw t launch a nnprfit.
B. T appeal fr dnatins t sick kids.
C. T highlight the healing pwer f dlls.
D. T publicize a lady’s stry f crafting dlls fr kids.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主人公创办了非盈利组织A Dll Like Me，制作布娃娃帮助儿童度过艰难岁月。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Dlls have a pwer we dn’t cmpletely understand(娃娃有一种我们无法完全理解的力量)”以及“Many f the kids saw themselves in thse dlls.(许多孩子在这些娃娃身上看到了自己)”可知，一个好娃娃对病人的价值在于娃娃帮助孩子们接受自己。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段““It’s hard t tell a kid that they are perfect the way they are and t build self-esteem that way, yet never give them anything that lks like them.” she says.(很难告诉一个孩子，他们现在的样子是完美的，也很难用这种方式建立自尊，但又不能给他们任何看起来像他们的东西。她说。)”和第三段的“She crafted a dll by hand — using fabric, stitching, and markers — that resembled her friend’s child and sent it ff.(她用布料、缝线和记号笔手工制作了一个娃娃，看起来很像她朋友的孩子，然后送了出去)”推知，Jandrisevits试图改变的是“给孩子们提供长得像他们的玩具娃娃(或能让他们产生共鸣的娃娃)”。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第一段“In all, she’s made mre than 400 dlls. The waiting list is lng(她总共制作了400多个娃娃。等待名单很长)”推知Jandrisevits 制作的玩偶很受欢迎，需求量大，供不应求。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Amy Jandrisevits knws the value f a gd dll. “Dlls have a pwer we dn’t cmpletely understand,” she tld The Tday Shw.(Amy Jandrisevits知道一个好娃娃的价值。“娃娃有一种我们无法完全理解的力量，”她告诉《今日秀》)”以及通读全文可知，文章分享了Jandrisevits从作为社工，关注玩偶对生病的孩子的重要意义，到后来通过手工制作与孩子相似的玩偶来帮助孩子们更好地接纳自我，并且创建了非营利性组织ADll Like Me 的故事。由此推知，本文写作本文的目的是讲述Jandrisevits 通过手工制作与孩子相似的玩偶来帮助孩子们更好地接纳自我的故事。故选D。
C
As the sun shines, peple will flck t parks t breathe the fresh air. But air pllutin is wrsening in many places arund the wrld.
Unfrtunately, in the western traditin, neither materialist nr idealist thereticians give enugh cnsideratin t this basic cnditin fr life. As fr pliticians, despite prpsing restrictins n envirnmental pllutin, they have nt yet called fr it t be made a crime. Wealthy cuntries are even allwed t pllute if they pay fr it.
But is ur life wrth anything ther than mney? And why d we find it mre difficult t get the clean air? D the wds, which are ften described as “the lungs f the planet”, n lnger, ffer us the gift f breathable air by releasing xygen? N! In fact, they d give ff the xygen, but their capacity t renew the air plluted by industry has lng reached its limit. If we lack the air necessary fr a healthy life, it is because we have filled it with chemicals and weakened the ability f plants t regenerate it. As we knw, rapid defrestatin cmbined with the massive burning f fssil fuels is an explsive recipe fr a permanent disaster.
The plant wrld urges us in silence that it’ time fr us t care fr ur breath and put emphasis n the interdependence which exists between ur humans and the plant wrld. We will have access t clean air nly when humans learn t share life, bth with each ther and with plants. This task is bth ethical and plitical because it can be fulfilled nly when each takes it upn himself and nly when it is accmplished tgether with thers. The lessn taught by plants is that sharing life expands and enhances the sphere (范围)f the living, while dividing life int s-called natural r human resurces diminishes it. We must cme t see the air, the plants and urselves as the cntributrs t the preservatin f life and grwth, rather than prductive ptentialities at ur dispsal. Perhaps then we wuld finally begin t live, rather than being cncerned with bare survival.
8. The western pliticians are accused by the authr because they ______.
A. give pririty t wealthy cuntries.
B. dn’t prtect rdinary peple’s right.
C. fail t pass laws t limit envirnmental pllutin.
D. attach imprtance t thery rather than practical actin.
9. What is paragraph 3 f the text mainly abut?
A. Our relatinship with the plant wrld.
B. Large-scale defrestatin acrss the wrld.
C. The capacity f plants t renew plluted air.
D. The reasns hidden behind the serius air pllutin.
10 Hw can humans accmplish the gal f prtecting the planet?
A. By shwing respect fr plants.B. By using all natural resurces.
C. By preserving all frms f life.D. By pling their effrts tgether.
11. What des the authr suggest in rder nt just t survive?
A. Expanding the sphere f living.B. Sharing life with nature.
C. Develping nature’s ptentials.D. Cntrlling the resurces.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了日益严重的空气污染问题和建议和措施。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“As fr pliticians, despite prpsing restrictins n envirnmental pllutin, they have nt yet called fr it t be made a crime(至于政客们，尽管提出了对环境污染的限制，但他们还没有要求将其定为犯罪)”可知，西方政治家被作者指责，因为他们没有通过法律来限制环境污染。故选C。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“it is because we have filled it with chemicals and weakened the ability f plants t regenerate it. As we knw, rapid defrestatin cmbined with the massive burning f fssil fuels is an explsive recipe fr a permanent disaster.(这是因为我们用化学物质填满了它，削弱了植物再生的能力。正如我们所知，快速的森林砍伐加上化石燃料的大量燃烧是导致永久灾难的爆炸性配方。)”可知，第三段主要讲解的严重的空气污染背后隐藏的原因。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“This task is bth ethical and plitical because it can be fulfilled nly when each takes it upn himself and nly when it is accmplished tgether with thers. (这项任务既是道德的，也是政治的，因为只有当每个人都承担起这项任务，并与他人共同完成时，它才能完成。)”可知，人类可以通过通过共同努力实现保护地球的目标。故选D。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The plant wrld urges us in silence that it’ time fr us t care fr ur breath and put emphasis n the interdependence which exists between ur humans and the plant wrld. We will have access t clean air nly when humans learn t share life, bth with each ther and with plants(植物世界默默地敦促我们，是时候关心我们的呼吸，强调人类和植物世界之间存在的相互依存关系。只有当人类学会与他人以及与植物共享生命时，我们才能获得清洁的空气)”以及“We must cme t see the air, the plants and urselves as the cntributrs t the preservatin f life and grwth, rather than prductive ptentialities at ur dispsal.(我们必须把空气、植物和我们自己看作是保存生命和生长的贡献者，而不是我们可以支配的生产潜力)”可知，作者建议与自然共享生命，而不仅仅是为了生存。故选B。
D
Strings f letters have recently been flding the Chinese Internet. Netizens have embraced the MBTI (Myers-Briggs Type Indicatr) persnality test, using its distinctive cmbinatins f letters t define and classify themselves and thers, sparking the frmatin f active nline cmmunities. Initially designed as a self-assessment tl t utline persnality types and preferences, the MBTI has fund enrmus ppularity in China.
The MBTI categrizes individuals using fur pairs f characteristics: intrversin (I) (内向) r extrversin (E) (外向) , sensing (S) r intuitin (N), thinking (T) r feeling (F), and judging(J) r perceiving (P). This leads t distinct fur-letter cmbinatins, like “ISTJ” r “INFP.” The values “E” and “I” have especially attracted public interest. Thse wh exhibit extrversin (E) characteristics are nw humrusly described as utging, talkative, wild, and scially skilled. They are ften playfully called “scial gangsters” due t their strng scial skills. In cntrast, thse with intrversin (I) are shwn as quiet, reserved, reflective, and scially anxius.
Amng the playful teasing, these eight seemingly simple letters have prmted deeper self-awareness and even develped a sense f friendship n scial media platfrms. Individuals discver their strengths and humrusly acknwledge their dd behavir. This newfund self-awareness nt nly aids in understanding their fundamental values but als ffers a way t deal with the cmmn unease that bthers tday’s yuth. Many find cmfrt in thinking, “My nging anxiety, ver-sensitivity, and self-dubt cme frm being an INFP. Such characteristics are typical fr this persnality type; thus, I’m perfectly nrmal”.
Netizens ften humrusly nte: “In everyday life, during scial events, I switch between intrversin and extrversin. At wrk, I initially act extrverted but gradually becme mre intrverted. When I see smene I like, I’m extrverted in my head but in reality, I’m all intrverted. Haidila Htpt restaurants, knwn fr their fancy birthday celebratins, smetimes make custmers feel awkward. Their typical birthday sng ges, “Say gdbye t all wrries, and embrace all jys.” It’s a shw meant fr the extra-scial. S, if an extrvert is invited t such a celebratin, they might humrusly exclaim, “I can’t take it! I’ve becme intrverted in the face f even mre extrverted individuals.”
12. What is the riginal functin f the MBTI persnality test?
A. T frm active nline cmmunities.B. T scientifically classify Netizen behavirs.
C. T make a definitin and classificatin f peple.D. T evaluate the types f character and preferences.
13. Which f the fllwing is mst likely t be a “scial gangster”?
A. A timid persn.B. A shy persn.C. A daring persn.D. A humble persn.
14. Understanding MBTI type can help t ______.
A. attracted public interest humrusly.B. recgnize and accept persnal characters.
C. cmfrt the peple with persnality shrtages.D. knw yurself better and crrect dd behavir.
15. Why des the authr mentin birthday celebratins in Haidila Htpt restaurants?
A. T explain why an extrvert is ften invited t their celebratin.
B. T shw peple’s persnalities can change n different ccasins.
C. T indicate the birthday sngs culd make custmers embarrassed.
D. T stress the ppularity f birthday parties in Haidila Htpt restaurants.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了MBTI性格测试在中国很受欢迎，介绍了不同类型的人的性格特点以及人们对此的看法。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Initially designed as a self-assessment tl t utline persnality types and preferences, the MBTI has fund enrmus ppularity in China.(MBTI最初是作为一种自我评估工具来概述人格类型和偏好的，在中国非常受欢迎)”可知，MBTI人格测试的原始功能是评估性格和偏好的类型。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“They are ften playfully called “scial gangsters” due t their strng scial skills. In cntrast, thse with intrversin (I) are shwn as quiet, reserved, reflective, and scially anxius.(他们经常被戏称为“社交悍匪”，因为他们有很强的社交能力。相比之下，内向（I）型的人表现为安静、矜持、反思和社交焦虑)”可知，一个大胆的人最有可能是“社交悍匪”。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Amng the playful teasing, these eight seemingly simple letters have prmted deeper self-awareness and even develped a sense f friendship n scial media platfrms. Individuals discver their strengths and humrusly acknwledge their dd behavir. This newfund self-awareness nt nly aids in understanding their fundamental values but als ffers a way t deal with the cmmn unease that bthers tday’s yuth.(在俏皮的调侃中，这八个看似简单的字母促进了更深层次的自我意识，甚至在社交媒体平台上建立了友谊感。个人发现自己的长处，并幽默地承认自己的奇怪行为。这种新发现的自我意识不仅有助于理解他们的基本价值观，而且还提供了一种处理困扰当今年轻人的普遍不安的方法)”可知，了解MBTI类型可以帮助认识并接受个性。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“At wrk, I initially act extrverted but gradually becme mre intrverted. When I see smene I like, I’m extrverted in my head but in reality, I’m all intrverted. Haidila Htpt restaurants, knwn fr their fancy birthday celebratins, smetimes make custmers feel awkward. Their typical birthday sng ges, “Say gdbye t all wrries, and embrace all jys.” It’s a shw meant fr the extra-scial. S, if an extrvert is invited t such a celebratin, they might humrusly exclaim, “I can’t take it! I’ve becme intrverted in the face f even mre extrverted individuals.”(在工作中，我最初表现得外向，但逐渐变得内向。当我看到我喜欢的人时，我在脑海中是外向的，但实际上，我是内向的。海底捞火锅店以其盛大的生日庆祝活动而闻名，但有时会让顾客感到尴尬。他们典型的生日歌是这样唱的：“告别所有的烦恼，拥抱所有的快乐。”这是一个为社交之外的人准备的节目。所以，如果一个性格外向的人被邀请参加这样的庆祝活动，他们可能会幽默地喊道：“我不能接受!面对更外向的人，我变得内向了。”)”可推知，作者提到海底捞火锅店的生日庆祝活动是为了在不同的场合人们展示的性格有所不同。故选B。
第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tickling (使发痒) is an imprtant sign that smene r smething is tuching yu. There are tw types f tickle sensatins.
“Light” tickles are the kind yu get when yu feel an insect n yu. It is yur bdy’s early-warning system which alerts yu t smething tuching yur bdy. ____16____ Mst mammals have evlved the ability t feel gentle tickles. Fr example, hrses will flick up their tails when they feel flies tickling them.
“Heavy” tickles happen when yur family r friends tickle yu, which make us laugh and feelgd. Other than humans, chimpanzees have been bserved chasing and tickling t make each ther laugh. ____17____ Laughter and play are gd ways fr animals t strengthen bnds with friends and family.
____18____ Every time yu mve, that mvement is the result f an actin plan sent t yur muscles by yur brain. This plan is in the frm f electrical signals traveling frm yur brain alng yur nerves t yur muscles. ____19____ It nt nly tells the crrect muscles when and hw t mve, it als sends signals t the rest f yur bdy t tell it what t expect nce yu have mved.
Why can’t yu tickle yurself? That is because yu’re already expecting it. ____20____ When yu try t tickle yurself, yur brain nt nly sends instructins t the muscles that d the tickling, but als tells ther muscles that a tickle is cming. Therefre, n matter hw much yu try, yur brain is already ne step ahead. But when smene else tickles yu, yu have n warning and s the feeling cmes as a sudden and very ticklish surprise.
A. A big part f what makes tickles ticklish is the element f surprise.
B. This respnse helps yu t avid getting bitten r stung by insects.
C. Yur respnse t each type cmes frm the lng histry f human evlutin.
D. The part f yur bdy that manages this cmplex jb is called the mtr system.
E. T understand hw tickling really wrks, we have t lk inside the human bdy.
F. And yu might have seen dgs and cats scratching because f this kind f tickling.
G. Scientists als discvered that rats make high-pitched nises, like laughter, when tickled.
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. E 19. D 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了发痒的类型及成因。
【16题详解】
根据上文“It is yur bdy’s early-warning system which alerts yu t smething tuching yur bdy. (这是你身体的早期预警系统，它会提醒你有东西接触你的身体)”可知，轻微发痒的作用是提醒你有东西接触你的身体，空格处承上启下，下文“Mst mammals have evlved the ability t feel gentle tickles. Fr example, hrses will flick up their tails when they feel flies tickling them.(大多数哺乳动物都进化出了感知轻微挠痒的能力。例如，当马感到苍蝇在挠它们时，它们会扬起尾巴)”举例说明感知轻微挠痒的能力对哺乳类动物的好处，B项“这种反应可以帮助你避免被昆虫咬伤或刺痛”中的This respnse指代了上文提到的轻微发痒，同时也引出了下文轻微发痒给哺乳类动物带来的好处。故选B项。
【17题详解】
下文“Laughter and play are gd ways fr animals t strengthen bnds with friends and family.(笑和玩耍是动物加强与朋友和家人联系的好方法)”是对G项“科学家还发现，老鼠在被挠痒痒时会发出尖锐的声音，比如笑声”事例的概括总结，得出了结论观点——笑和玩耍是动物加强与朋友和家人联系的好方法。故选G项。
【18题详解】
下文“Every time yu mve, that mvement is the result f an actin plan sent t yur muscles by yur brain. This plan is in the frm f electrical signals traveling frm yur brain alng yur nerves t yur muscles.(每次你移动，这个动作都是大脑向你的肌肉发送行动计划的结果。这个计划是以电信号的形式从你的大脑沿着神经传递到你的肌肉)”可知，此处描述了发痒在人身体中是如何工作的，E项“为了理解挠痒是如何起作用的，我们必须研究人体内部”引出下文，起到内容上的承接。故选E项。
【19题详解】
下文“It nt nly tells the crrect muscles when and hw t mve, it als sends signals t the rest f yur bdy t tell it what t expect nce yu have mved.(它不仅告诉正确的肌肉何时以及如何运动，它还向身体的其他部位发送信号，告诉它一旦你运动了会发生什么)”中的It指代的是D项“你身体中负责这项复杂工作的部分被称为运动系统”中的the mtr system，起到内容上的承接，指出了运动系统是如何工作。故选D项。
【20题详解】
下文“But when smene else tickles yu, yu have n warning and s the feeling cmes as a sudden and very ticklish surprise.(但是当别人挠你痒痒的时候，你没有任何警告，所以这种感觉就像一种突然的、非常痒的惊喜)”中的surprise和A项“让人挠痒痒的很大一部分原因是惊喜”中的surprise指代一致，解释了只有让别人挠痒痒才会有感觉的原因是人们会获得惊喜感。故选A项。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D四个选项中， 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When handball was first intrduced t Sri Lankan schls in 2010, I wanted t bring it t my schl, St Anthny’s. I ____21____ it as a glden pprtunity fr ur village schl t ____22____ a place in a sprts cmpetitin fr the first time.
Nevertheless, it was rather a ____23____ with the nly PE teacher incapable f teaching us and many teachers thinking ____24____ f it. As a deputy principal, I was ____25____ t start this game at any cst.
The bys were interested and immediately frty students ____26____ t jin the team. Bb, a member f the Air Frce handball team, vlunteered t ____27____ the team in his spare time.
Althugh handball is an indr game, we trained utdrs fr ____28____ f facilities in ur schl. Training started early in the mrning befre class and cntinued after schl ____29____ it was dark. The bys lved the game and were enthusiastic abut training. “This handball craze will ruin yur studies!” _____30_____ sme f the teachers in an attempt t discurage the game. Beynd expectatin, the bys managed t balance their life with earnest ____31____ fr a whle year.
Their perseverance, passin and hard wrk at last _____32_____ n the all-island schl handball turnament held in Clmb. Our bys played wildly and marvelusly but was _____33_____ defeated with the scre 39-41 in the final.
Hwever, it was a supreme hnr and rare _____34_____ in ur heart. The fllwing celebratins sent the whle schl int carnival mde. A large banner was hung, firecrackers set ff everywhere. Fr bys, they gt a valuable life lessn that nthing is impssible t a _____35_____ heart.
21. A. resistedB. viewedC. guessedD. rejected
22 A. secureB. missC. switchD. exchange
23. A. successB. taskC. challengeD. target
24. A. nthingB. muchC. a ltD. anything
25. A. inspiredB. surprisedC. encuragedD. determined
26. A. checked utB. signed upC. mved arundD. set ff
27. A. cachB. trackC. pressD. fllw
28. A. fearB. restC. benefitD. lack
29. A. ifB. unlessC. untilD. nce
30. A. explainedB. cmplainedC. rderedD. jked
31. A. sufferingsB. methdsC. arrangementsD. effrts
32. A. paid ffB. went upC. ran utD. faded away
33. A. ccasinallyB. narrwlyC. frtunatelyD. casually
34. A. chanceB. dreamC. failureD. victry
35. A. willingB. gratefulC. curiusD. disciplined
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为副校长，克服各种困难，把手球运动引入乡村学校，学校里的男孩们对这项运动充满兴趣，热情地投入到训练中，努力平衡训练和学业，一直在坚持，最后在比赛中获得亚军的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把这看作我们的乡村学校第一次在体育比赛中获得一席之地的千载难逢的机会。A. resisted抵抗；B. viewed看待；C. guessed猜测；D. rejected拒绝。根据上文“I wanted t bring it t my schl”可知，作者想把手球引入自己的学校，因此应该是把手球看作一次千载难逢的好机会，固定短语view sth. as表示“把……看作……”。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我把这看作我们的乡村学校第一次在体育比赛中获得一席之地的千载难逢的机会。A. secure获得；B. miss错过；C. switch交换；D. exchange更换。根据学校通常会组织球队参加体育比赛的常识，再结合上文“fr ur village schl t”和下文“a place in a sprts cmpetitin”可推知，作者认为这样学校就有机会在体育比赛中得奖，获得一席之地。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，这是一个相当大的挑战，仅有的一名体育老师不具备教我们的能力，许多老师毫不在意这件事。A. success成功；B. task任务；C. challenge挑战；D. target目标。根据下文“with the nly PE teacher incapable f teaching us”可知，学校仅有的一名体育老师没法教手球，因此这件事是相当大的挑战。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查代词和名词短语辨析。句意：然而，这是一个相当大的挑战，仅有的一名体育老师不具备教我们的能力，许多老师毫不在意这件事。A. nthing没有什么；B. much很多（不可数名词）；C. a lt很多（不可数名词和可数名词）；D. anything任何事情。根据下文““This handball craze will ruin yur studies!” ____10____ sme f the teachers in an attempt t discurage the game.”可知，有些老师不认同学生参加手球活动，试图阻止这场游戏，因此是毫不在意这件事，固定短语think nthing f表示“毫不在意，认为……无所谓”。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一名副校长，我决心不惜一切代价启动这场游戏。A. inspired能力卓越的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. encuraged被鼓励的；D. determined下定决心的。根据上文“I wanted t bring it t my schl”可知，作者想把手球引入自己的学校，因此他作为副校长应该是决心一定要启动这场游戏。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：男孩们很感兴趣，立即有40名学生报名加入了这个团队。A. checked ut退房；B. signed up报名；C. mved arund四处移动；D. set ff出发。根据上文“The bys were interested”和下文“t jin the team”可推知，感兴趣的男孩应该会报名加入手球队。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bb是空军手球队的一员，他自愿在业余时间指导球队。A. cach指导；B. track追踪；C. press挤压；D. fllw追随。根据上文“with the nly PE teacher incapable f teaching us”可知，学校仅有的一名体育老师没法教手球，因此有经验的Bb应该是自愿在业余时间指导球队。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然手球是一项室内运动，但由于学校缺乏设施，我们在室外训练。A. fear恐惧；B. rest休息；C. benefit好处；D. lack缺乏。根据下文“f facilities in ur schl”可推知，因为学校缺乏手球训练的设施，所以不得不在室外训练，固定短语fr lack f表示“由于缺乏，因缺乏”。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：训练从早上上课前开始，放学后一直持续到天黑。A. if如果；B. unless除非；C. until直到；D. nce一旦。根据上文“Training started early in the mrning befre class and cntinued after schl”和下文“it was dark”可知，此处是描述学生们每天长时间训练的情况，应该是放学后一直持续到天黑，和早上很早开始呼应。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“手球热会毁了你的学业！”一些老师抱怨道，试图阻止这场游戏。A. explained解释；B. cmplained抱怨；C. rdered命令；D. jked开玩笑。根据上文“This handball craze will ruin yur studies!”可知，一些老师认为太投入手球运动会阻碍学生的学业，因此是在抱怨。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，这些男孩整整一年都在努力平衡自己的生活。A. sufferings痛苦；B. methds方法；C. arrangements安排；D. effrts努力。根据上文“the bys managed t balance their life with earnest”可推知，男孩们平衡自己边学习边练习手球的生活需要付出很大的努力。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们的毅力、激情和努力最终在科伦坡举行的全岛学校手球锦标赛上得到了回报。A. paid ff得到回报；B. went up上升；C. ran ut用完；D. faded away消失。根据下文“Our bys played wildly and marvelusly but was ____13____ defeated with the scre 39-41 in the final.”可知，男孩们打进了决赛，成绩很棒，因此是毅力、激情和努力最终得到了回报。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们的男孩们打得激烈而精彩，但在决赛中以39比41的微弱差距被打败。A. ccasinally偶尔地；B. narrwly勉强地；C. frtunately幸运地；D. casually随意地。根据下文“with the scre 39-41 in the final”可知，决赛中作者学校球队的分数是39，对方球队分数是41，分数差距很小，因此是以微弱差距被打败，固定表达be narrwly defeated表示“以微弱差距被打败”。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，这在我们心中却是无上的荣誉和难得的胜利。A. chance机会；B. dream梦想；C. failure失败；D. victry胜利。根据上文“it was a supreme hnr”可推知，victry“胜利”符合语境，表示难得的胜利，可与无上的荣誉并列。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于男孩来说，他们得到了宝贵的人生启示，那就是心之所愿，无事不成。A. willing愿意的；B. grateful感激的；C. curius好奇的；D. disciplined遵守纪律的。根据上文叙述的男孩们对手球运动充满兴趣，热情地投入到训练中，努力平衡训练和学业，一直在坚持，最后取得了很好的成绩可推知，此处指他们愿意为喜欢的事情付出，并取得了成功，可用“心之所愿，无事不成”来形容这个启示。故选A。
第二节（共10 小题；每小题1.5分，满分 15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Harbin, the capital city f Heilngjiang prvince, welcmed nearly 3.05 millin visitrs, ____36____ (gain) 5.91 billin yuan f turism incme during the three-day New Year hliday.
The trend was then enlarged n scial media where influencers (网红)highlighted that many ‘sutherners’, wh ____37____ (refer) t as “little ptates frm the suth”, flded int the city’s ski resrts and bathhuses. The phrase is assciated with the ____38____ (remarkable) distinctive light-clred jackets and lvely hats that turists frm suthern China typically wear when traveling t the nrth, as well as their relatively ____39____ (shrt) figure cmpared with lcal’s. Thugh ____40____ (criticize) nline fr being steretypes, lcals clarified that it reflected a genuine sense f gdwill and friendship.
Apart ____41____ the icnic Harbin Ice and Snw festival, turist spts intrduced varieties f new attractins, such as ht balln rides and bnfire parties. On Central Street, ____42____ struck the turists mst was the rganized parades featuring the Orqen (鄂伦春族), ____43____ ethnic minrity frm the regin.
T facilitate the ____44____ (cnsume) f Harbin’s ppular frzen pears, the city has even intrduced frzen pear platters (摆盘), making it mre cnvenient fr turists t taste the delicacy.
“Yu can get the incmparable snw experience and service in Harbin, ____45____ the temperatures can drp t -35℃,” a turist said.
【答案】36. gaining
37. were referred
38. remarkably
39. shrter
40. criticized##criticised
41. frm 42. what
43. an 44. cnsumptin
45. where
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。 本文主要介绍了今冬哈尔滨旅游爆火的现象和原因。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在为期三天的新年假期中，黑龙江省省会哈尔滨接待了近305万游客，获得了59.1亿元的旅游收入。句中已有谓语动词welcmed，空处应用非谓语动词，gain和逻辑主语Harbin为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填gaining。
【37题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：这一趋势随后在社交媒体上被放大，网红们强调，许多“南方人”——被称为“来自南方的小土豆”——涌入了这座城市的滑雪场和澡堂。设空处在wh引导的非限制性的定语从句中作谓语，wh指代先行词sutherners，refer主语wh之间是被动关系，叙述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，设空处应用一般过去时的被动语态，结合主谓一致。故填were referred。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：这句话与中国南方游客到北方旅游时典型的浅色外套和可爱的帽子，以及与当地人相比他们相对较矮的身材有关。设空处应用副词的形式作状语修饰空后的形容词。故填remarkably。
【39题详解】
考查形容词的比较级。句意见上题解析。根据空后的“cmpared with lcal’s. (与当地人相比)”可知，设空处应用比较级的形式。故填shrter。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然网上批评是刻板印象，但当地人澄清说，这反映了一种真诚的善意和友谊。设空处在句中作非谓语，和其逻辑主语之间是逻辑的被动关系，应用动词的过去分词的形式，故填criticized/criticised。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：除了标志性的哈尔滨冰雪节，旅游景点还推出了各种新景点，比如热气球和篝火晚会。apart frm除了……之外。故填frm。
【42题详解】
考查主语从句的引导词。句意：在中央大街上，最令游客印象深刻的是有组织的鄂伦春人游行，鄂伦春人是该地区的少数民族。设空处引导主语从句且在句中作指物的主语，应用what。故填what。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意见上题解析。设空处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，空后为元音音素开头的形容词，应用an。故填an。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：为了方便人们食用哈尔滨的冻梨，该市甚至推出了冻梨拼盘，让游客更方便地品尝到美味。设空处应用名词的形式作宾语，表示抽象概念为不可数名词。故填cnsumptin。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句的引导词。句意：一位游客说:“在哈尔滨，你可以获得无与伦比的雪地体验和服务，那里的气温可以降至零下35℃。”设空处引导非限制性的定语从句且在句中作地点状语，先行词为Harbin。故填where。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是校英语俱乐部的部长李华，目前高三同学们的压力大， 晚上经常熬夜学习，导致白天精神状态不佳，学习效率低。请你针对这一现象，在社团活动中发言， 内容包括：
1．该现象及你的看法；
2．你的建议和理由；
3．你的鼓励和祝福。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear classmates,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank yu fr yur listening!
【答案】Dear classmates,
I’m greatly hnured t make a shrt speech tday. Recently I have fund that many classmates study late int the night. As a result, they ften cannt help falling asleep in class during the day. And sme classmates even develp a bad eating habit, which will surely d harm t their health.
As is knwn t all, it’s extremely imprtant fr us students t have enugh sleep and a prper diet. We must make wise use f ur time, and develp a gd eating habit. Only in this way can we keep fit and study well. I hpe yu will develp a great learning habits and make great prgress in yur study.
Thank yu fr listening!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。目前高三同学们的压力大， 晚上经常熬夜学习，导致白天精神状态不佳，学习效率低。要求英语俱乐部的部长李华针对这一现象，在社团活动中发言。
【详解】1.词汇积累
荣幸的： hnured→privileged
结果：as a result→ as a cnsequence
对……有害：d harm t→ be bad fr
培养：develp→ fster
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m greatly hnured t make a shrt speech tday.
拓展句：It is greatly hnured fr me t make a shrt speech tday
【点睛】【高分句型1】And sme classmates even develp a bad eating habit, which will surely d harm t their health.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Recently I have fund that many classmates study late int the night.（运用了that引导宾语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料， 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Wh Stle Grandma’s Pie?
My grandma is the best pie maker in the wrld. S when she called me — the best detective she knws — that ne f her pies was missing, I knew that it was serius.
I hurried t Grandma’s huse. The kitchen was still warm frm the ven, and the air smelled buttery and sweet. When I hugged Grandma hell, I realized that I hadn’t visited her fr a lng time.
“Start frm the beginning,” I said. “I cut the pie int six pieces,” she began, “in this pie tin.” She shwed me the tin. There were nly a few crumbs (碎屑)left.
“The pie is definitely missing,” I said, scping up the crumbs and ppping them int my muth. “A pumpkin pie” I shuted, nearly jumping. “My favrite kind! This is even mre serius than I thught” I tk a small nte bk and a pencil frm my pcket. “Nw, when did yu last see this pie?”
“I baked it this mrning,” said Grandma. “Then the drbell rang. It was that nice yung man wh rakes (耙平)my leaves.”
“Just as I suspected,” I said, writing dwn “leaf raker” in my ntebk. “He stle the pie.”
“Oh, dear, n,” Grandma said. “He just wanted me t knw that he was finished. He did such a gd jb that I gave him a piece f pie.”
“Then what happened, Grandma?”
“When I went utside with the yung man’s piece f pie, the mail carrier was there. She tld me she culd smell that pie all the way frm the curb.”
“Aha!” I said, writing “mail carrier” in my ntebk. “The mail carrier must have sneaked int the huse and stle the pie” Grandma shk her head. “N, I gave her a piece f pie myself.”
“G n,” I said, getting a little cncerned.
“Then the phne rang, and it was my neighbr, Grace. Yu knw, the wman with a white cat?” I ndded and wrte “G.” in my bk. “She is such a dear. She calls me every day t see if I need anything. S I invited her and her daughter ver fr sme pie and tea.”
“Grandma!” I said. “N ne stle the pie. One t the leaf raker. Anther t the mail carrier. Yu and Grace each had ne. And her daughter’s is five. Yu gave away all the pieces.” Grandma lked thughtful.
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
“There were six pieces!” Grandma reminded me.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
At last I pened the dr f the refrigeratr.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
“There were six pieces!” Grandma reminded me. “Maybe it was ne f Glria’s cats, r maybe a mnster tk it.” Grandma hid her face in her handkerchief; I culdn’t tell if she was laughing r blwing her nse. “I am sure that there must be ne left.” said my grandma. Therefre, I had t search fr mre clues. I went t the refrigeratr.
I pened the dr f the refrigeratr. “What’s this?” I asked. Grandma lked surprised. “That’s it!” She said, “I’ll just warm it up. Yu must be hungry frm the wrk, Jane!” It was nly then did I realize that this was just an excuse fr Grandma t visit her, and I did nt expse Grandma’s game. The pie was delicius, just as I suspected.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，文章讲述了作者的奶奶因为找不到自己做的派，而打电话给作者，让作者帮忙寻找的故事，最后作者也明白了这只不过是奶奶想要自己来看望她的一个借口，作者也没有戳穿奶奶的这个游戏，体现了奶奶与作者之间的子孙情深。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容““有六块！”奶奶提醒我。”可知，第一段可描写作者继续寻找另一块派。
②由第二段首句内容“最后我打开了冰箱的门。”可知，第二段可描写作者在冰箱中找到第六块派以及作者明白了奶奶的用意及感悟。
2.续写线索：寻找第六块派——冰箱找到——奶奶热派——明白奶奶用意——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①辨别，区别：tell/ distinguish
②寻找：lk fr / search fr
③意识到：be aware f / realize
情绪类
①吃惊的：surprised /shcked
②确定：be sure /be certain
【点睛】[高分句型1] Only then did I realize that this was just an excuse fr grandma t visit her（运用部分倒装）