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38，辽宁省大连市2023-2024学年高三上学期期末双基测试英语试卷
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这是一份38，辽宁省大连市2023-2024学年高三上学期期末双基测试英语试卷，共23页。试卷主要包含了作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的名字、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30 分)
第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: Hw much is the shirt?
A £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. What is the man ging t d?
A. Have a picnic. B. G fishing. C. Take a drive.
2. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. The weather. B. Indr activities. C. The wman’s illness:
3. Where des the cnversatin mst prbably take place?
A. At a bus statin. B. At a train statin. C. At an airprt.
4. What des the wman ask the man t d?
A. Surf the Internet. B. Cnduct an interview. C. Pst a jb ad nline.
5. Why des the man talk t the wman?
A. T bk a rm. B. T cnfirm his flight. C. T reschedule a meeting.
第二节(共15 小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟; 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料， 回答第6、7题。
6. When will the hallways be cleaned?
A. This afternn. B. On Wednesday. C. Smeday sn.
7. What will the wman d next week?
A. Hst a dinner. B. Design an agenda. C. Hld a cnference.
听第7段材料， 回答第8、 9题。
8. What did the speakers just d?
A. They watched a shw.
B. They perfrmed in a musical.
C. They practiced dancing tgether.
9. What was prbably the wman?
A. An actress. B. A dancer. C. A musician.
听第8段材料, 回答第10 至 13 题。
10. What des the wman ask the man fr?
A. The receipt. B. The jacket. C. The credit card.
11. What d we knw abut the jacket?
A. It was bught at a discunt.
B. It was unsuitable fr the man.
C. It was large fr the man’s sn.
12. What is the duratin f the credit nte?
A. One mnth. B. Six mnths. C. One year.
13. What will the man d next week?
A. Get his mney back. B. Take a credit nte. C. Visit the stre again.
听第9段材料, 回答第 14至 17 题。
14. What did Paul d after he left schl?
A. He pened a shp.
B. He did several different jbs.
C. He gt a jb as a ch ef in a restaurant.
15. What was Paul’s first restaurant jb like?
A. Bring but well-paid. B. Difficult but beneficial. C. Enjyable but demanding.
16. What des Paul’s current jb invlve?
A. Assisting chefs. B. Cking every day. C. Managing the whle kitchen.
17. What is the key t success in Paul’s view?
A. Sticking t ld dishes.
B. Using quality fd material.
C. Creating less stressful envirnment.
听第10段材料, 回答第18至 20 题。
18. What is the speaker’s jb related t?
A. Medicine. B. Artificial intelligence. C. Wild animals.
19. What is the prgram MediScan used fr?
A. Analyzing data. B. Detecting diseases. C. Prducing reprts.
20. What is the speaker’s attitude twards AI in general?
A. Psitive. B. Wrried. C. Disapprving.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50 分)
第一节:(共 15 小题, 每小题2.5 分, 满分37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Visit Natinal Museum f China
The NMC in Beijing is a wrld-class museum that displays five thusand years f splendid Chinese civilizatin.
Getting Here
N.16 East Chang’an Street, Dngcheng District, Beijing 100006
Bus Rute:
Yu can take the N.1, N.2, N.52, N.82, N.120 buses, r Sightseeing Line 2, Turist Bus Line 1 and Line 2 and get ff at Tian’anmen East Statin.
Metr:
Yu can take Metr Line 1, get ff at Tian’anmen East Statin, and exit the statin thrugh Exit C r D.
Admissin
The NMC pens t the public frm Tuesday t Sunday and clses n Mnday (except fr public hlidays). Its pening hurs are frm 9:00 t 17:30 (last admissin at 16:30).
Accrding t the regulatins n cnducting regular epidemic preventin, all visitrs must make nline appintments (with different time interval available). Please make yur appintments 1-7 days in advance and plan yur visit prperly.
We welcme visitrs t make nline appintments thrugh ur fficial website r fficial WeChat platfrm.
Official Website:
Official WeChat Platfrm: Please scan the QR cde belw scrll dwn and click “Visits”, and access the “Reservatin” page.
Inquiries: 010-65116400 (9:00-16:30)
Ntice t Visitrs
Valid ID dcuments are required t enter the museum during the pening hurs. Visitrs must g thrugh security check. Restricted items r animals such as dgs and cats are prhibited. Applicatins must be filed fr rganizing activities in the museum such as lectures, surveys and vide recrdings, and the activities can be rganized nly upn apprval.
Fr mre infrmatin, click here
1. Where is this text prbably taken frm?
A. A newspaper.B. A text bk.
C. An fficial website.D. An academic article.
2. Hw many ways t make a reservatin?
A. Tw.B. Three.C. Fur.D. Five.
3. What are yu frbidden t d at the museum?
A. Pass the security check.B. Organize any kind f activity.
C. Enter the museum at nn.D. Explre the museum with pets.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要是到中国国家博物馆参观的旅游指南。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Fr mre infrmatin, click here (更多信息，请点击这里。)”可推知，文章可能出自一个官方网站。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Admissin部分中“We welcme visitrs t make nline appintments thrugh ur fficial website r fficial WeChat platfrm.(我们欢迎参观者通过我们的官方网站或官方微信平台进行在线预约。)”可知，有两种预约方法。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Restricted items r animals such as dgs and cats are prhibited.(禁止携带限制物品或动物，如狗和猫。)”可知，和宠物一起探索博物馆是禁止在博物馆内做的事情。故选D。
B
High schl senirs missed ut n s much in 2023—n prms, n traditinal graduatin ceremnies. But that has nt stpped sme f them trying t slve the wrld’s biggest challenges. And Lillian Kay Petersen frm Ls Alams, New Mexic, is amng them.
Petersen invented a simple tl fr predicting harvests early in the grwing seasn, which culd facilitate fd allcatin(分配) planning and ffer useful resurces t thse wrking t tackle glbal fd insecurity. She first tested her tl, which analyzed daily satellite imagery using accepted measures f vegetatin health, n knwn dmestic crp data. She then carried ut experiments fr cuntries in Africa and successfully predicted harvests with high accuracy against reprted prductin.
Petersen wn first place and the $250,000 tp award in the Regenern Science Talent Search 2023, ne f the ldest and mst reputable science and math cmpetitins fr high schl senirs in the US.
In 2014, Petersen’s family adpted her three yunger brthers and sisters, all f whm suffered frm malnutritin due t fd insecurity in their childhd. Their struggles against the lifelng effects left a deep impressin n her. After reading abut a disastrus drught in Ethipia between 2018 and 2019, she put her cmputer science knwledge t use. “I wanted t find a way t help aid rganizatins mnitr crp cnditin as drughts evlve, t help them respnd t fd crises with a better time, and t help children s that they dn’t face malnutritin and lifelng cnsequences,” she said.
While in high schl, she began mnitring drughts in Africa using satellite imagery. Later, she published her first paper n the subject in a peer-reviewed jurnal. She has als met with the Internatinal Fd Plicy Research Institute t discuss the glbal pandemic and its effects n crp prductin in Africa.
4. What benefit culd Petersen’s inventin bring?
A. It culd ensure fd security.B. It culd bst crp prductin.
C. It culd cllect crp data accurately.D. It culd make fd distributin planning easier.
5. What is Paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A. What inspired Petersen t invent the tl.
B. Why fd crises in Africa were s serius.
C. When Petersen began t mnitr crp cnditin.
D. Why Petersen’s brthers and sisters were adpted.
6. Which wrds can best describe Petersen?
A. Innvative and far-sighted.B. Generus and cmmitted.
C. Cmpetent and risk-taking.D. Intelligent and cmpetitive.
7. Why des the authr write this text?
A. T draw public attentin t fd insecurity.
B. T emphasize challenges Africans encunter.
C. T appeal t yung peple t handle glbal issues.
D. T share the benefits f cnducting scientific research.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了创新青年Petersen发明了可预测粮食收成的工具，使粮食分配计划更容易，借此作者呼吁更多年轻人参与到全球性问题中来。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Petersen invented a simple tl fr predicting harvests early in the grwing seasn, which culd facilitate fd allcatin planning and ffer useful resurces t thse wrking t tackle glbal fd insecurity. ”（Petersen发明了一个简单的工具，可以在生长季节早期预测收成，这可以促进粮食分配计划，并为那些致力于解决全球粮食不安全问题的人提供有用的资源。）可知，她的发明可以使粮食分配计划更容易。故选D项。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“In 2014, Petersen’s family adpted her three yunger brthers and sisters, all f whm suffered frm malnutritin due t fd insecurity in their childhd. Their struggles against the lifelng effects left a deep impressin n her. After reading abut a disastrus drught in Ethipia between 2018 and 2019, she put her cmputer science knwledge t use. “I wanted t find a way t help aid rganizatins mnitr crp cnditin as drughts evlve, t help them respnd t fd crises with a better time, and t help children s that they dn’t face malnutritin and lifelng cnsequences,” she said.”（2014年，彼得森的家人收养了她的三个弟弟和妹妹，他们都在童年时期因粮食不够吃而营养不良。这给他们的身体造成了终身的影响，他们毕生都在挣扎。这给她留下了深刻的印象。在阅读了2018年至2019年埃塞俄比亚灾难性干旱的报道后，她将自己的计算机科学知识付诸实践。她说:“我想找到一种方法，帮助援助组织监测干旱演变时的作物状况，帮助他们更好地应对粮食危机，并帮助儿童，使他们不会面临营养不良和终身后果。”）可知，本段介绍了Petersen发明该工具的原因，一方面是由于弟妹童年挨饿的经历，另一方面是看到了国家干旱的报道。故选A项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据根据第二段第一句“Petersen invented a simple tl fr predicting harvests early in the grwing seasn, which culd facilitate fd allcatin planning and ffer useful resurces t thse wrking t tackle glbal fd insecurity. ”（Petersen发明了一个简单的工具，可以在生长季节早期预测收成，这可以促进粮食分配计划，并为那些致力于解决全球粮食不安全问题的人提供有用的资源。）及最后一段“While in high schl, she began mnitring drughts in Africa using satellite imagery. Later, she published her first paper n the subject in a peer-reviewed jurnal. She has als met with the Internatinal Fd Plicy Research Institute t discuss the glbal pandemic and its effects n crp prductin in Africa.”（高中时，她开始使用卫星图像监测非洲的干旱情况。后来，她在一本同行评议的杂志上发表了关于这个主题的第一篇论文。她还会见了国际粮食政策研究所的有关人员，讨论了全球流行病及其对非洲作物生产的影响。）可知，Petersen能够发明预测收成的工具，说明她具有创新思维，她还监测非洲的干旱情况，并参与讨论全球流行病及其对非洲作物生产的影响说明她具有远见。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“High schl senirs missed ut n s much in 2023—n prms, n traditinal graduatin ceremnies. But that has nt stpped sme f them trying t slve the wrld’s biggest challenges. And Lillian Kay Petersen frm Ls Alams, New Mexic, is amng them.”（高中毕业生在2023年错过了太多东西——没有舞会，没有传统的毕业典礼。但这并没有阻止他们中的一些人试图解决世界上最大的挑战。来自新墨西哥州洛斯阿拉莫斯的Lillian Kay Petersen就是其中之一。）并结合下文Petersen的故事可知，主要介绍了创新青年Petersen发明了可预测粮食收成的工具，使粮食分配计划更容易，借此作者呼吁更多年轻人参与到全球性问题中来。故选C项。
C
The Wrld Wide Fund fr Nature (WWF) has released the first glbal blueprint t save the wrld’s frests. The WWF is a glbal cnservatin charity. Its Frest Pathways Reprt details the state f the wrld’s frests and what gvernments can d t better prtect them. The reprt fcuses n the cmmitments that were made at COP26 ——a cnference n the climate emergency held in the UK in 2021. At COP26, mre than 140 cuntries, cvering arund 90% f the wrld’s frest, prmised t end defrestatin by 2030. Hwever, the WWF says that this target is in danger f being missed.
In 2022, 66,000 square kilmetres f frest arund the wrld was lst. Abut tw-thirds f this was frm trpical frests. This is having an effect n wildlife, with the WWF’s blueprint nting a decline in the ppulatins f species that depend n frests, such as grillas, hrnbills, rangutans and black-headed squirrel mnkeys.
Hwever, the reprt als highlights sme cnservatin success stries. Fr instance, the Khata Cnservatin Area in Nepal has grwn by a size amunt t 3,000 ftball pitches, prviding a hme fr tigers and ther species. Meanwhile, in the UK, the Wild Inglebrugh prject, a partnership between the WWF and the Yrkshire Wildlife Trust, is restring 15square kilmetres f land in the Yrkshire Dales back t its natural wild state, cmplete with wdlands. Mary Gagen, authr f the Frest Pathways Reprt, says, “There are pckets f success where cuntries are appraching defrestatin, and we knw what needs t be dne t grw thse.”
The reprt includes a list f recmmendatins fr wrld gvernments, prviding a blueprint t save frests. This includes tughening up rules against defrestatin as well as recgnizing the rights f indigenus (当地的) peples wh live in the frests. They are the descendants (后代) f thse wh lived smewhere befre anther culture arrived and tk ver.There are als sme specific suggestins fr the UK Gvernment, such as bringing in envirnmental standards fr fd that is bught and sld in the UK, s that nne f it cntributes t defrestatin.
8. What d we knw abut WWF?
A. It may fail t meet its gal.B. It fcuses n prtecting ur earth.
C. It ffers prpsals t gvernments.D. It apprves f COP26’s cmmitments.
9. Hw des the authr mainly develp the third paragraph?
A. By listing sme statistics.B. By clarifying a cncept.
C. By citing sme examples.D. By pinting ut similarities.
10. What can yu learn frm the text?
A. The blueprint lays dwn fd criteria fr cuntries.
B. Cncrete tips will help the UK gvernment save frests.
C. The blueprint desn’t acknwledge the rights f natives.
D. The native peple are succeeding generatins f anther culture.
11. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. The Keynte f Frest Pathways Reprt.B. A Cnference n the Climate Emergency.
C. The Wrldwide Effrt fr Defrestatin.D. Successful Stries f Tackling Defrestatin.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是世界自然基金会(WWF)的第一份拯救世界森林的全球蓝图。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据首段中的“The WWF is a glbal cnservatin charity. Its Frest Pathways Reprt details the state f the wrld’s frests and what gvernments can d t better prtect them. (世界自然基金会是一个全球性的环保慈善组织。该组织的《森林路径报告》详细介绍了世界森林的状况，以及各国政府可以采取哪些措施来更好地保护森林。)”可知，WWF是一个全球性的环保慈善组织，它在报告中详细介绍世界的森林情况，并对各国可以采取哪些措施来保护森林，由此可知，WWF旨在保护全球的森林。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Hwever, the reprt als highlights sme cnservatin success stries.(然而，该报告也强调了一些成功的保护案例。)”可知，该报告强调了一些成功的保护案例，结合下文中的“Fr instance, the Khata Cnservatin Area in Nepal has grwn by a size amunt t 3,000 ftball pitches, prviding a hme fr tigers and ther species….(例如，尼泊尔的卡塔保护区的面积已经扩大到3000个足球场，为老虎和其他物种提供了家园……。)”等列举的尼泊尔等国家和地区具体成功的保护案例可知，作者是通过举例的方式展开的第三段内容。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据尾段中的“The reprt includes a list f recmmendatins fr wrld gvernments, prviding a blueprint t save frests.(该报告为世界各国政府提供了一系列建议，为拯救森林提供了蓝图。)”可知，该报告为各国政府提供了一系列的建议来拯救森林，结合下文中的“There are als sme specific suggestins fr the UK Gvernment, such as bringing in envirnmental standards fr fd that is bught and sld in the UK, s that nne f it cntributes t defrestatin.(对英国政府也有一些具体的建议，比如对在英国买卖的食品引入环境标准，这样就不会导致森林砍伐。)”可知，对英国政府也有一些具体的建议，这些具体的建议不会导致森林砍伐，由此可知，具体的建议将帮助英国政府拯救森林。故选B项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段中的“The Wrld Wide Fund fr Nature (WWF) has released the first glbal blueprint t save the wrld’s frests.(世界自然基金会(WWF)发布了第一份拯救世界森林的全球蓝图。)”可知，WWF发布了第一份拯救世界森林的全球蓝图，结合下文中介绍的该蓝图的内容及其作用可知，本文主要介绍的是WWF发布的《森林路径报告》，所以题目“《森林路径报告》的主旨”概括了本文的主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选A项。
D
Stries have lng been emplyed t instill (灌输) mral and cultural values in yung children, but there is little research explring the effectiveness f such stries.
“As parents, we want t knw hw effective the stries actually are in prmting hnesty.” say lead authr Kang Lee f the Dr. Eric Jackman Institute f Child Study at the University f Trnt and c-authr Victria Talwar f McGill University. “Is it ‘in ne ear, ut the ther,’ r d children listen and take the messages t heart?”
T find ut, Lee and Talwar cnducted an experiment with 268 children aged 3 t 7. Each child played a game that required guessing the identity f a ty based n the sund it made. In the middle f the game, the experimenter left the rm fr a minute, instructing the child nt t glance at a ty left n the table. Fr mst children, this temptatin (诱惑) was t hard t resist. When the experimenter returned, she read the child a stry, either The Trtise and the Hare, The By Wh Cried Wlf, Pincchi, r Gerge Washingtn and the Cherry Tree. Afterward, the experimenter asked the child t tell the truth abut whether he r she glanced at the ty.
Cntrary t the experimenters’ expectatins, Pincchi and The By Wh Cried Wlf , which assciate lying with negative cnsequences, were n mre effective at prmting hnest behavir than a fable unrelated t hnesty, in this case The Trtise and the Hare. Only the made-up tale abut yung Gerge Washingtn seemed t inspire the kids t admit glancing: Children wh heard the tale in which the future first president was cmplimented because f admitting his mistake and rewarded a candy were three times mre likely t tell the truth than their fellws wh heard ther stries.
“Our study shws that t prmte mral behavir such as hnesty, emphasizing the psitive utcmes f hnesty rather than the negative cnsequences f dishnesty is the key,” nte they. “This may apply t ther mral behavirs as well.”
They als warn that mre research is necessary t determine whether mral stries influence kids’ behavir in the lng term. Still, they have been quick t take advantage f the findings. Talwar reprts a shift in her wn parenting practices: “It really seems t wrk. I use this nw with my child.”
12. What is the aim f the experiment mentined in the text?
A. T find ut which stry is instructive at schl.
B. T make sure if the children can resist the temptatin.
C. T see the effectiveness f stries in prmting hnesty.
D. T ensure the precisin in guessing the identity f the ty.
13. What des the underlined wrd“cmplimented”mean in Paragraph 4?
A. Criticized.B. Praised.C. Ignred.D. Respected.
14. What des Talwar mean in the last paragraph?
A. She will apply the finding t her child.
B. Her child shws a strng interest in the stry.
C. Her parents have changed their way f educatin.
D. She perceives the psitive influence n her child.
15. Which wrd can describe the authr’s attitude in the text?
A. Unclear.B. Cntradictry.C. Sympathetic.D. Objective.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章就道德故事是否会长期影响孩子行为展开了讨论。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Stries have lng been emplyed t instill (灌输) mral and cultural values in yung children, but there is little research explring the effectiveness f such stries.(长期以来，故事一直被用来向幼儿灌输道德和文化价值观，但很少有研究探讨这些故事的有效性。)”和文章第二段“As parents, we want t knw hw effective the stries actually are in prmting hnesty.(作为父母，我们想知道这些故事在促进诚实方面到底有多大效果。)”可推知，文中提到的实验的目的是为了看看故事在促进诚实方面的有效性。故选C。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据下文“because f admitting his mistake and rewarded a candy were three times mre likely t tell the truth than their fellws wh heard ther stries.(因为承认了自己的错误并奖励了一颗糖果，他们说真话的可能性是听到其他故事的同伴的三倍。)”可知，未来的第一总统因承认错误而受到称赞，由此可知，cmplimented意为“称赞”，和B项：Praised意思接近。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段““Our study shws that t prmte mral behavir such as hnesty, emphasizing the psitive utcmes f hnesty rather than the negative cnsequences f dishnesty is the key,” nte they.(他们指出：“我们的研究表明，要促进诚实等道德行为，强调诚实的积极结果而不是不诚实的消极后果是关键。”)”和最后一段“Talwar reprts a shift in her wn parenting practices: “It really seems t wrk. I use this nw with my child.”(塔尔瓦尔报告了她自己的育儿方式的转变：“这似乎真的有效。我现在和我的孩子一起用这个。”)”可知，她意识到道德故事对孩子的积极影响。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段““Our study shws that t prmte mral behavir such as hnesty, emphasizing the psitive utcmes f hnesty rather than the negative cnsequences f dishnesty is the key,” nte they. “This may apply t ther mral behavirs as well.”(他们指出:“我们的研究表明，要促进诚实等道德行为，强调诚实的积极结果而不是不诚实的消极后果是关键。”“这可能也适用于其他道德行为。”)”和文章最后一段“They als warn that mre research is necessary t determine whether mral stries influence kids’ behavir in the lng term. Still, they have been quick t take advantage f the findings. Talwar reprts a shift in her wn parenting practices: “It really seems t wrk. I use this nw with my child.”(他们还警告说，需要更多的研究来确定道德故事是否会长期影响孩子的行为。尽管如此，他们还是迅速利用了这些发现。塔尔瓦尔报告了她自己的育儿方式的转变：“这似乎真的有效。我现在和我的孩子一起用这个。”)”可知，作者一方面指出了实验结果，另一方面又提出实验结果的局限性，由此可知，作者的态度是客观的。故选D。
第二节(共5 小题; 每小题 2.5分, 满分 12.5 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两处为多余选项。
Fr utdr enthusiasts, it is crucial t be prepared fr any srt f natural disaster in the pen air. ___16___. It includes what kinds f disasters may strike, and what resurces shuld be taken n yur trip.
___17___ Desert areas are mre likely t be affected by drughts; castal regins are mre likely t see hurricanes; muntainus areas are likely t avalanches (雪崩) in winter and landslides in summer. Therefre, always d sme research ahead f time t help yu find right survival strategies in different cnditins.
While yu’re planning, the essential thing t cnsider is the things yu shuld pack fr yur trip. Any disaster that may separate yu frm civilizatin fr a perid f time will require yu t prvide yur wn fd, water, and shelter fr at least a few days. ___18___ Fr disasters that may wet yur equipment, flameless light surces are a must. What yu bring with yu shuld be suited t the disaster yu might encunter.
Once yu cmplete yur survival plan, it’s better t review it peridically. When a natural disaster strikes, yu prbably wn’t have time t g ver a dcument r g nline t seek advice. ___19___
If a natural disaster strikes while yu are in the wilderness, yu shuld put yur survival plan int effect immediately. ___20___ Then cntact thers fr help. D nt wait arund t see if the disaster is really that serius, d nt panic, and d nt easily abandn yur plan.
A. But this is nt always the case.
B. It’s als a gd idea t bring light surces.
C. That means having a disaster respnse plan.
D. It’s als great t cnsult with the specialists in persn.
E. Cnsequently, revising it frequently is strngly recmmended.
F. Different kinds f disasters are likely t ccur in different areas.
G. Stay calm, act decisively, and begin wrking t keep yurself alive.
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. B 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章就在自然灾害到来之前制定生存计划提出一些建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Fr utdr enthusiasts, it is crucial t be prepared fr any srt f natural disaster in the pen air.(对于户外运动爱好者来说，在户外为任何自然灾害做好准备是至关重要的)”和下文“It includes what kinds f disasters may strike, and what resurces shuld be taken n yur trip.(它包括什么类型的灾难可能会发生，以及在你的旅行中应该带什么资源)”可知，空处承上启下，针对上文提到的做好准备，应该有一个灾难应对计划，下文中则是计划的具体内容。C项中的“a disaster respnse plan”和下文中的“it”对应。C项：That means having a disaster respnse plan.(这意味着要有一个灾难应对计划)符合语境。故选C。
【17题详解】
空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Desert areas are mre likely t be affected by drughts; castal regins are mre likely t see hurricanes; muntainus areas are likely t avalanches (雪崩) in winter and landslides in summer.(沙漠地区更容易受到干旱的影响；沿海地区更容易出现飓风；山区冬季易发生雪崩，夏季易发生山体滑坡)”可知，本段主要讲述了不同地区会发生不同的灾害。F项中的“different areas”与下文的“Desert areas、castal regins、muntainus areas”对应。F项：Different kinds f disasters are likely t ccur in different areas.(不同的地区可能发生不同种类的灾害)符合语境。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Any disaster that may separate yu frm civilizatin fr a perid f time will require yu t prvide yur wn fd, water, and shelter fr at least a few days.(任何可能将你与文明隔离一段时间的灾难将要求你提供你自己的食物，水，和至少几天的避难所)”可知，空处承接上文，提出需要准备的东西，结合下文“Fr disasters that may wet yur equipment, flameless light surces are a must.(对于可能湿润你装备的灾害，无火光源是必不可少的)”可知，空处提到的东西是光源，B项中的“light surces”和下文中的“flameless light surces”对应。B项：It’s als a gd idea t bring light surces.(带光源也是个好主意)符合语境。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Once yu cmplete yur survival plan, it’s better t review it peridically. When a natural disaster strikes, yu prbably wn’t have time t g ver a dcument r g nline t seek advice.(一旦你完成了生存计划，最好定期回顾一下。当自然灾害来袭时，你可能没有时间浏览文件或上网寻求建议)”可知，空处和上文形成因果关系，因为完成生存计划以后可能没有时间浏览文件或寻求建议，因此要经常修改它。E项：Cnsequently, revising it frequently is strngly recmmended.(因此，强烈建议经常修改它)符合语境。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文“If a natural disaster strikes while yu are in the wilderness, yu shuld put yur survival plan int effect immediately.(当你在野外时，如果自然灾害袭击了你，你应该立即实施你的生存计划)”可知，空处承接上文，说明要采取果断行动，G项中的“act decisively”和上文中的“put yur survival plan int effect immediately”对应。G项：Stay calm, act decisively, and begin wrking t keep yurself alive.(保持冷静，果断行动，开始努力让自己活下去)符合语境。故选G。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 完形填空(共15 小题，每小题1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day, a girl came upn a ccn, and she culd tell that a butterfly was trying t ____21____. She waited and watched the butterfly struggle fr hurs t ____22____ itself frm the tiny hle.____23____, the butterfly stpped mving, it seemed t be ___24___ . The girl then decided t help get the butterfly ut and with a pair f scissrs cut pen the ccn. The butterfly was then ___25___able t escape. Hwever, its bdy was swllen (肿胀的) and its wings were ____26____ .
The girl still thught she had dne the butterfly a favr as she sat there waiting fr its wings t grw in rder t ____27____its bdy. That wasn’t happening. The butterfly was unable t fly, and fr the rest f its life, it culd nly mve by crawling arund with little wings and a___28___ bdy. Despite the girl’s gd intentins, she didn’t understand that the ___29___ f the butterfly’s ccn and the struggle the butterfly had t _____30_____ in rder t escape served an imprtant purpse. As butterflies _____31_____ frm tight ccns and stretch wings ut, it frces liquid frm their bdy int their wings t prepare them t be able t fly.
The_____32_____ that we face in life help us grw and get strnger. There is ften a reasn behind the requirement f being ____33____ and persistent. When bearing difficult times, we will develp the necessary _____34_____ that we’ll need in the future. Withut having any struggles, we wn’t grw, which means it’s very imprtant t _____35_____ persnal challenges urselves rather than relying n ther peple t always help us.
21.
A. hatchB. hangC. swingD. nest
22.
A trapB. releaseC. wrapD. thrw
23.
A. Even sB. Sner r laterC. All f a suddenD. As usual
24.
A. scaredB. sughtC. kickedD. stuck
25.
A. easilyB. hardlyC. merelyD. slightly
26.
A. verestimatedB. underdevelpedC. vergrwnD. underfed
27.
A. prtectB. shadeC. supprtD. survive
28.
A. tinyB. skinnyC. strngD. large
29.
A. cnservatinB. restrictinC. tensinD. variatin
30.
A. cme utB. pull upC. g thrughD. leave ff
31.
A. runB. recverC. generateD. emerge
32.
A. strugglesB. adventuresC. detailsD. guidelines
33.
A. industriusB. tlerantC. superirD. straightfrward
34.
A. carefulnessB. strengthC. ptimismD. patience
35.
A. hld ntB. turn dwnC. take nD. bring up
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过一个小女孩自以为是帮助蝴蝶破茧却导致蝴蝶无法飞翔的故事告诉我们，和蝴蝶一样，我们也要经历生命中必要的挣扎和奋斗才能成长，不能一味地依靠他人的帮助。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，一个女孩偶然发现了一个茧，她看得出来一只蝴蝶正试图孵化。A. hatch孵化；B. hang悬挂；C. swing摆动；D. nest筑巢。根据前文“a girl came upn a ccn”及“a butterfly”可知，蝴蝶正试图从茧中孵化。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她等了好几个小时，看着蝴蝶挣扎着从小洞里挣脱出来。A. trap困住；B. release释放；C. wrap包裹；D. thrw扔掉。根据前文“a butterfly was trying t ____1___”可知，蝴蝶正试图破茧而出。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：突然，蝴蝶停止了移动，似乎被卡住了。A. Even s尽管如此；B. Sner r later迟早；C. All f a sudden突然；D. As usual像往常一样。根据后文“the butterfly stpped mving”可知，在蝴蝶破茧的过程中突然停止不动了。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，蝴蝶停止了移动，似乎被卡住了。A. scared使害怕；B. sught寻找；C. kicked踢腿；D. stuck卡住。根据后文“The girl then decided t help get the butterfly ut ”可知，蝴蝶卡住不动了，所以小女孩决定帮助它。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这只蝴蝶很容易就逃脱了。A. easily容易地；B. hardly几乎不；C. merely仅仅；D. slightly略微。根据前文“The girl then decided t help get the butterfly ut and with a pair f scissrs cut pen the ccn”可知，女孩把茧剪开，蝴蝶很容易就出来了。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，它的身体肿胀，翅膀发育不全。 A. verestimated高估的；B. underdevelped发育不全的；C. vergrwn生长过快的；D. underfed营养不良的。根据前文“its bdy was swllen and its wings were”及后文“waiting fr its wings t grw”可知，蝴蝶身体肿胀，翅膀发育不全。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当女孩坐在那里等着蝴蝶的翅膀长出来支撑它的身体时，她仍然认为自己帮了蝴蝶一个忙。A. prtect保护；B. shade遮阳；C. supprt支持；D. survive幸存。根据前文“waiting fr its wings t grw”及后文“its bdy”可知，女孩等着蝴蝶的翅膀长出来支撑它的身体。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这只蝴蝶不会飞，在它余生中，它只能依靠小小的翅膀和巨大的身体到处爬行。A. tiny微小的；B. skinny皮包骨的；C. strng强壮的；D. large巨大的。根据前文“That wasn’t happening.”及“mve by crawling arund with little wings”可知，蝴蝶并没有长出可以支撑它身体的翅膀，和它小小的翅膀相比，身体会长大。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管女孩的初衷是好的，但她不明白蝴蝶的茧的限制和蝴蝶为了逃脱而必须经历的挣扎是有重要意义的。A. cnservatin交谈；B. restrictin限制；C. tensin紧张；D. variatin变化。根据后文“the butterfly’s ccn”及“ tight ccns”可知，茧对蝴蝶来说是一种必不可少的限制。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管女孩的初衷是好的，但她不明白蝴蝶的茧的限制和蝴蝶为了逃脱而必须经历的挣扎是有重要意义的。A. cme ut出现；B. pull up停车；C. g thrugh经历；D. leave ff中断。根据前文“the struggle”可知，蝴蝶破茧需要经历挣扎和奋斗。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当蝴蝶从紧绷的茧中钻出来，展开翅膀时，它会迫使体内的液体进入翅膀，为它们飞行做准备。A. run跑步；B. recver恢复；C. generate生产；D. emerge出现。根据后文“frm tight ccns and stretch wings ut”可知，当蝴蝶破茧而出后，会展开双翅。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在生活中面临的挣扎帮助我们成长并变得更强大。A. struggles挣扎；B. adventures冒险；C. details细节；D. guidelines指导方针。根据前文“the struggle the butterfly had t ____10___”可知，人和蝴蝶一样，也要经历必要的挣扎才能成长。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：要求勤奋和坚持不懈的背后往往是有原因的。A. industrius勤勉的；B. tlerant容忍的；C. superir优越的；D. straightfrward直率的。根据后文“and persistent”可知，此处强调面对困境所需要的坚毅的品质，要勤勉坚持。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们面对困难的时候，我们会培养出我们将来需要的必要力量A. carefulness仔细；B. strength力量；C. ptimism乐观；D. patience耐心。根据前文“being ___13___and persistent. When bearing difficult times”可知，养成了勤勉坚持的品质，才有克服困境的力量。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：没有任何挣扎，我们就不会成长，这意味着自己接受个人挑战而不是依靠别人总是帮助我们是非常重要的。A. hld nt抓住；B. turn dwn拒绝；C. take n接受；D. bring up抚养。根据后文“persnal challenges urselves rather than relying n ther peple t always help us”可知，自己要接受挑战，而不是一味地依靠别人的帮助。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题, 每小题1.5分, 满分 15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has a lng histry f mre than 5000 years. In the vastness f histry, Chinese traditinal culture cnstantly shws ___36___ (it) unique charm and is deeply lved and appreciated by peple arund the wrld. Amng the ancient Chinese literature, the Fur Great Classical Nvels, als referred t as the fur greatest and mst ____37____ (influence) nvels written in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, stand ut.
_____38_____ the fur nvels have in cmmn is that they were written in the vernacular (白话文) f their times, _____39_____ mst ancient literature that was written in the classical style f writing. Mst Chinese are familiar with the figures, plts and scenes in the fur nvels. They have ______40______(dramatic) affected the mentality, ideas and values f Chinese peple. They were widely read by peple and cntained philsphical ideas, histry and viewpints abut human sciety that _____41_____ (define) part f the wrldviews f the schlar and the _____42_____ (plitical), which had _____43_____ significant effect n the develpment f Chinese scieties in past eras.
Nwadays, they have already been adapted int mvies r TV series, ______44______ (favr) by lts f audiences. Being high in artistic standard, the Fur Great Classical Nvels are precius heritage f Chinese natin and ______45______ (strike) wrks in the histry f Chinese literature.
【答案】36. its
37. influential
38. What 39. unlike
40. dramatically
41. defined
42. plitician
43. a 44. favred##favured
45. striking
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了四大名著的文化价值及影响。
【36题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：在浩瀚的历史长河中，中国传统文化不断显示出独特的魅力，深受世界人民的喜爱和欣赏。修饰名词短语“unique charm”空处需填形容词性物主代词。故填its。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在中国古代文学中，《四大名著》，也被称为明清时期最伟大、最具影响力的四部小说，脱颖而出。根据“mst”和“nvels”可知，空处需填形容词作定语，influential作形容词，表示“有影响力的”，符合句意。故填influential。
【38题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：这四部小说的共同之处在于，它们都是用它们那个时代的白话文写成的，不像用古典文体写成的最古老的文学作品。分析句子结构可知，“____3_____ the fur nvels have in cmmn”是主语从句，从句缺have的宾语，指代“相同之处”，故用what引导。故填What。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：这四部小说的共同之处在于，它们都是用他们那个时代的白话文写成的，不像用古典文体写成的最古老的文学作品。根据句意可知，这四部小说都是用那个时代的白话文写成的，不像用古典文体写成的文学作品。介词unlike表示“不像”，符合句意。故填unlike。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：他们极大地影响了中国人的心态、思想和价值观。根据“affected”可知，空处需填副词作状语，修饰动词。故填dramatically。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：它们被人们广泛阅读，包含了哲学思想、历史和关于人类社会的观点，这些观点阐明了学者和政治家的部分世界观，对过去中国社会的发展产生了重大影响。分析句子结构可知，that引导的定语从句缺谓语动词，描述过去的事情用一般过去时，故填defined。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：它们被人们广泛阅读，包含了哲学思想、历史和关于人类社会的观点，这些观点阐明了学者和政治家的部分世界观，对过去中国社会的发展产生了重大影响。根据“the schlar and the”可知，空处需填名词，结合句意可知，此处表示“政治家”，plitician作名词，表示“政治家”与“the schlar”并列，用名词单数。故填plitician。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：它们被人们广泛阅读，包含了哲学思想、历史和关于人类社会的观点，这些观点阐明了学者和政治家的部分世界观，对过去中国社会的发展产生了重大影响。have a/an... effect n表示“对……有……影响”，significant的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，它们已被改编成电影或电视剧，受到许多观众的喜爱。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“have been adapted”，故空处需填非谓语动词，favr和逻辑主语they（四大名著）之间为被动关系，故应填过去分词作状语。故填favred或favured。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：四大名著是中华民族的宝贵遗产，是中国文学史上引人注目的作品，艺术水准极高。根据“wrks”可知，空处需填形容词作定语，striking作形容词，表示“引人注目的”，符合句意。故填striking。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40 分)
第一节 (满分15 分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Ben 得知你校开展了丰富多彩的校本课，请你给他写信介绍你最喜欢的体育校本课 (PE schl-based curse) 的相关情况, 内容如下：
1. 上课的时间和内容;
2. 喜欢的原因和收获。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Ben，
My schl has launched a series f schl-based curses.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely，
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Ben,
My schl has launched a series f schl-based curses. I’m writing t share with yu my favrite ne, PE schl-based curse.
The curse, scheduled t be held every Friday afternn, is very diverse, including varius sprts such as basketball, sccer, vlleyball, and badmintn. It is als the best part f my week, because nt nly can it enhance my physical fitness, making me fresh and energetic thrughut the day, but als help me make like-minded friends while learning. Besides, I have gained a deeper insight int team spirit.
What abut yur favrite schl-based curse? Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本书面表达属于应用文。要求写信告知朋友自己最喜欢的体育校本课并说明理由和收获。
【详解】1.词汇积累
各种各样的：a series f→a variety f
加强：enhance→strengthen
精力充沛的：energetic→vigrus
此外：besides → what’s mre
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, I have gained a deeper insight int team spirit.
拓展句：Besides, It is wrth mentining that I have gained a deeper insight int team spirit.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The curse, scheduled t be held every Friday afternn, is very diverse, including varius sprts such as basketball, sccer, vlleyball, and badmintn. （运用了过去分词作定语）
【高分句型2】It is als the best part f my week, because nt nly can it enhance my physical fitness, making me fresh and energetic thrughut the day, but als help me make like-minded friends while learning.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句及nt nly的部分倒装句）
第二节(满分25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I sptted my neighbr, Mnica, wrking in her garden ne day when I returned hme frm schl. It was sunny, and the smell f cut grass made me feel refreshed. I ppped my head ver the fence, and Mnica and I gt talking.
“I’ve seen yu’re very gd at using a lawn mwer(割草机) and gardening tls,” Mnica said. “There’s a hedge(树篱) grwing ver the pathway near here. It’s s vergrwn that it becmes a head ache fr the passers-by. I was planning t cut it back myself. Wuld yu like t help ut?”
I lved the idea f helping Mnica and ur cmmunity. We agreed t cut the hedge the fllwing Sunday. My brther Ivan, aged 10, als came alng t help us. We wheeled Mnica’s garbage can dwn t the hedge, which the cmmunity cuncil was respnsible fr. All three f us cut it with shears (大剪刀) until a truble-free pathway came in sight. Mr. Brwn, a wheelchair user, was grateful that he didn’t have t make a detur(绕行) any mre t pass the hedge. Encuraged by his wrds, I suggested ding mre fr ur cmmunity, t make it a better place.
When we first started, we just made the best f the equipment we already had in my parents’ garage. But as time went n, dnatins came in frm the lcal cmmunity. Our garage gt filled up quickly with brushes, gardening tls, and even dnated pwer tls like leaf blwers. With everything ready, ur first prject was t beautiful park near ur huses, which lked a bit run-dwn. Ivan was in charge f painting the fence arund, Mnica cleared the lawn with a leaf blwer, and I was respnsible fr repairing the benches where ur neighbrs usually sat at their leisure. After tw weeks’ hard wrk, we felt stunned when stepping back and appreciating the clean and brand new small park. My heart swelled with pride because ur effrts paid ff.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150个左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I psted phts f ur hard wrk n ur lcal Facebk Grup.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
With mre neighbrs jining in, we headed fr the flwer bed near the cmmunity center.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin
I psted phts f ur hard wrk n ur lcal Facebk Grup. Shared and frwarded, the phts made a splash immediately. Hundreds f likes pured in like snwflakes after peple knew the stry. Smene cmmented that it inspired him t help the cmmunity. Thinking highly f the small park, anther expressed his gratitude fr ur effrt t bring cnvenience t the residents here. With ur prject getting arund, we felt thrilled. Many peple wanted t get invlved t make ur cmmunity mre beautiful. Then, the secnd prject was brn.
With mre neighbrs jining in, we headed fr the flwer bed near the cmmunity center. The task f this time was heavier than befre. Trimming the bushes with shears, turning the sil with spades, and tidying the withered fallen leaves with leaf blwers, we put ur prject in full swing. Sme time later varius beautiful flwers dnated by ur neighbrs were transplanted perfectly. Seeing the brand new flwer bed, I was cnsumed with jy, because we all devted urselves t making a difference t ur cmmunity, making it a better place fr the residents.
【解析】
【导语】本文按照时间顺序，讲述了作者与Mnica以及10岁大的Ivan一起清理社区，得到了邻居们的响应，越来越多邻居加入进来，共同提升社区环境。
【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我在我们当地的Facebk群组上发布了我们辛勤工作的照片。”可知，第一段可描写作者的事迹在互联网上获得的响应。 ②由第二段首句内容“随着更多的邻居加入，我们朝着社区中心附近的花坛走去。”可知，第二段可描写邻居们的努力带给社区的变化以及我们的感受。
2.续写线索：发帖——积极响应——邻居加入——社区变化。
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.涌入：pured in/crwded in/flded in
②.评论：cmment/remark
情绪类
①.兴奋：thrilled/excited/elating
②.高兴：jy/delight
【点睛】 [高分句型1]. Shared and frwarded, the phts made a splash immediately（过去分词作状语）
[高分句型2]. With mre neighbrs jining in, we headed fr the flwer bed near the cmmunity center.（with的复合结构）
1-5 BACCC 6-10ACABA 11-15ACCBB 16-20CBBBA
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的名字、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30 分)
第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: Hw much is the shirt?
A £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. What is the man ging t d?
A. Have a picnic. B. G fishing. C. Take a drive.
2. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. The weather. B. Indr activities. C. The wman’s illness:
3. Where des the cnversatin mst prbably take place?
A. At a bus statin. B. At a train statin. C. At an airprt.
4. What des the wman ask the man t d?
A. Surf the Internet. B. Cnduct an interview. C. Pst a jb ad nline.
5. Why des the man talk t the wman?
A. T bk a rm. B. T cnfirm his flight. C. T reschedule a meeting.
第二节(共15 小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟; 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料， 回答第6、7题。
6. When will the hallways be cleaned?
A. This afternn. B. On Wednesday. C. Smeday sn.
7. What will the wman d next week?
A. Hst a dinner. B. Design an agenda. C. Hld a cnference.
听第7段材料， 回答第8、 9题。
8. What did the speakers just d?
A. They watched a shw.
B. They perfrmed in a musical.
C. They practiced dancing tgether.
9. What was prbably the wman?
A. An actress. B. A dancer. C. A musician.
听第8段材料, 回答第10 至 13 题。
10. What des the wman ask the man fr?
A. The receipt. B. The jacket. C. The credit card.
11. What d we knw abut the jacket?
A. It was bught at a discunt.
B. It was unsuitable fr the man.
C. It was large fr the man’s sn.
12. What is the duratin f the credit nte?
A. One mnth. B. Six mnths. C. One year.
13. What will the man d next week?
A. Get his mney back. B. Take a credit nte. C. Visit the stre again.
听第9段材料, 回答第 14至 17 题。
14. What did Paul d after he left schl?
A. He pened a shp.
B. He did several different jbs.
C. He gt a jb as a ch ef in a restaurant.
15. What was Paul’s first restaurant jb like?
A. Bring but well-paid. B. Difficult but beneficial. C. Enjyable but demanding.
16. What des Paul’s current jb invlve?
A. Assisting chefs. B. Cking every day. C. Managing the whle kitchen.
17. What is the key t success in Paul’s view?
A. Sticking t ld dishes.
B. Using quality fd material.
C. Creating less stressful envirnment.
听第10段材料, 回答第18至 20 题。
18. What is the speaker’s jb related t?
A. Medicine. B. Artificial intelligence. C. Wild animals.
19. What is the prgram MediScan used fr?
A. Analyzing data. B. Detecting diseases. C. Prducing reprts.
20. What is the speaker’s attitude twards AI in general?
A. Psitive. B. Wrried. C. Disapprving.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50 分)
第一节:(共 15 小题, 每小题2.5 分, 满分37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Visit Natinal Museum f China
The NMC in Beijing is a wrld-class museum that displays five thusand years f splendid Chinese civilizatin.
Getting Here
N.16 East Chang’an Street, Dngcheng District, Beijing 100006
Bus Rute:
Yu can take the N.1, N.2, N.52, N.82, N.120 buses, r Sightseeing Line 2, Turist Bus Line 1 and Line 2 and get ff at Tian’anmen East Statin.
Metr:
Yu can take Metr Line 1, get ff at Tian’anmen East Statin, and exit the statin thrugh Exit C r D.
Admissin
The NMC pens t the public frm Tuesday t Sunday and clses n Mnday (except fr public hlidays). Its pening hurs are frm 9:00 t 17:30 (last admissin at 16:30).
Accrding t the regulatins n cnducting regular epidemic preventin, all visitrs must make nline appintments (with different time interval available). Please make yur appintments 1-7 days in advance and plan yur visit prperly.
We welcme visitrs t make nline appintments thrugh ur fficial website r fficial WeChat platfrm.
Official Website:
Official WeChat Platfrm: Please scan the QR cde belw scrll dwn and click “Visits”, and access the “Reservatin” page.
Inquiries: 010-65116400 (9:00-16:30)
Ntice t Visitrs
Valid ID dcuments are required t enter the museum during the pening hurs. Visitrs must g thrugh security check. Restricted items r animals such as dgs and cats are prhibited. Applicatins must be filed fr rganizing activities in the museum such as lectures, surveys and vide recrdings, and the activities can be rganized nly upn apprval.
Fr mre infrmatin, click here
1. Where is this text prbably taken frm?
A. A newspaper.B. A text bk.
C. An fficial website.D. An academic article.
2. Hw many ways t make a reservatin?
A. Tw.B. Three.C. Fur.D. Five.
3. What are yu frbidden t d at the museum?
A. Pass the security check.B. Organize any kind f activity.
C. Enter the museum at nn.D. Explre the museum with pets.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要是到中国国家博物馆参观的旅游指南。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Fr mre infrmatin, click here (更多信息，请点击这里。)”可推知，文章可能出自一个官方网站。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Admissin部分中“We welcme visitrs t make nline appintments thrugh ur fficial website r fficial WeChat platfrm.(我们欢迎参观者通过我们的官方网站或官方微信平台进行在线预约。)”可知，有两种预约方法。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Restricted items r animals such as dgs and cats are prhibited.(禁止携带限制物品或动物，如狗和猫。)”可知，和宠物一起探索博物馆是禁止在博物馆内做的事情。故选D。
B
High schl senirs missed ut n s much in 2023—n prms, n traditinal graduatin ceremnies. But that has nt stpped sme f them trying t slve the wrld’s biggest challenges. And Lillian Kay Petersen frm Ls Alams, New Mexic, is amng them.
Petersen invented a simple tl fr predicting harvests early in the grwing seasn, which culd facilitate fd allcatin(分配) planning and ffer useful resurces t thse wrking t tackle glbal fd insecurity. She first tested her tl, which analyzed daily satellite imagery using accepted measures f vegetatin health, n knwn dmestic crp data. She then carried ut experiments fr cuntries in Africa and successfully predicted harvests with high accuracy against reprted prductin.
Petersen wn first place and the $250,000 tp award in the Regenern Science Talent Search 2023, ne f the ldest and mst reputable science and math cmpetitins fr high schl senirs in the US.
In 2014, Petersen’s family adpted her three yunger brthers and sisters, all f whm suffered frm malnutritin due t fd insecurity in their childhd. Their struggles against the lifelng effects left a deep impressin n her. After reading abut a disastrus drught in Ethipia between 2018 and 2019, she put her cmputer science knwledge t use. “I wanted t find a way t help aid rganizatins mnitr crp cnditin as drughts evlve, t help them respnd t fd crises with a better time, and t help children s that they dn’t face malnutritin and lifelng cnsequences,” she said.
While in high schl, she began mnitring drughts in Africa using satellite imagery. Later, she published her first paper n the subject in a peer-reviewed jurnal. She has als met with the Internatinal Fd Plicy Research Institute t discuss the glbal pandemic and its effects n crp prductin in Africa.
4. What benefit culd Petersen’s inventin bring?
A. It culd ensure fd security.B. It culd bst crp prductin.
C. It culd cllect crp data accurately.D. It culd make fd distributin planning easier.
5. What is Paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A. What inspired Petersen t invent the tl.
B. Why fd crises in Africa were s serius.
C. When Petersen began t mnitr crp cnditin.
D. Why Petersen’s brthers and sisters were adpted.
6. Which wrds can best describe Petersen?
A. Innvative and far-sighted.B. Generus and cmmitted.
C. Cmpetent and risk-taking.D. Intelligent and cmpetitive.
7. Why des the authr write this text?
A. T draw public attentin t fd insecurity.
B. T emphasize challenges Africans encunter.
C. T appeal t yung peple t handle glbal issues.
D. T share the benefits f cnducting scientific research.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了创新青年Petersen发明了可预测粮食收成的工具，使粮食分配计划更容易，借此作者呼吁更多年轻人参与到全球性问题中来。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Petersen invented a simple tl fr predicting harvests early in the grwing seasn, which culd facilitate fd allcatin planning and ffer useful resurces t thse wrking t tackle glbal fd insecurity. ”（Petersen发明了一个简单的工具，可以在生长季节早期预测收成，这可以促进粮食分配计划，并为那些致力于解决全球粮食不安全问题的人提供有用的资源。）可知，她的发明可以使粮食分配计划更容易。故选D项。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“In 2014, Petersen’s family adpted her three yunger brthers and sisters, all f whm suffered frm malnutritin due t fd insecurity in their childhd. Their struggles against the lifelng effects left a deep impressin n her. After reading abut a disastrus drught in Ethipia between 2018 and 2019, she put her cmputer science knwledge t use. “I wanted t find a way t help aid rganizatins mnitr crp cnditin as drughts evlve, t help them respnd t fd crises with a better time, and t help children s that they dn’t face malnutritin and lifelng cnsequences,” she said.”（2014年，彼得森的家人收养了她的三个弟弟和妹妹，他们都在童年时期因粮食不够吃而营养不良。这给他们的身体造成了终身的影响，他们毕生都在挣扎。这给她留下了深刻的印象。在阅读了2018年至2019年埃塞俄比亚灾难性干旱的报道后，她将自己的计算机科学知识付诸实践。她说:“我想找到一种方法，帮助援助组织监测干旱演变时的作物状况，帮助他们更好地应对粮食危机，并帮助儿童，使他们不会面临营养不良和终身后果。”）可知，本段介绍了Petersen发明该工具的原因，一方面是由于弟妹童年挨饿的经历，另一方面是看到了国家干旱的报道。故选A项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据根据第二段第一句“Petersen invented a simple tl fr predicting harvests early in the grwing seasn, which culd facilitate fd allcatin planning and ffer useful resurces t thse wrking t tackle glbal fd insecurity. ”（Petersen发明了一个简单的工具，可以在生长季节早期预测收成，这可以促进粮食分配计划，并为那些致力于解决全球粮食不安全问题的人提供有用的资源。）及最后一段“While in high schl, she began mnitring drughts in Africa using satellite imagery. Later, she published her first paper n the subject in a peer-reviewed jurnal. She has als met with the Internatinal Fd Plicy Research Institute t discuss the glbal pandemic and its effects n crp prductin in Africa.”（高中时，她开始使用卫星图像监测非洲的干旱情况。后来，她在一本同行评议的杂志上发表了关于这个主题的第一篇论文。她还会见了国际粮食政策研究所的有关人员，讨论了全球流行病及其对非洲作物生产的影响。）可知，Petersen能够发明预测收成的工具，说明她具有创新思维，她还监测非洲的干旱情况，并参与讨论全球流行病及其对非洲作物生产的影响说明她具有远见。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“High schl senirs missed ut n s much in 2023—n prms, n traditinal graduatin ceremnies. But that has nt stpped sme f them trying t slve the wrld’s biggest challenges. And Lillian Kay Petersen frm Ls Alams, New Mexic, is amng them.”（高中毕业生在2023年错过了太多东西——没有舞会，没有传统的毕业典礼。但这并没有阻止他们中的一些人试图解决世界上最大的挑战。来自新墨西哥州洛斯阿拉莫斯的Lillian Kay Petersen就是其中之一。）并结合下文Petersen的故事可知，主要介绍了创新青年Petersen发明了可预测粮食收成的工具，使粮食分配计划更容易，借此作者呼吁更多年轻人参与到全球性问题中来。故选C项。
C
The Wrld Wide Fund fr Nature (WWF) has released the first glbal blueprint t save the wrld’s frests. The WWF is a glbal cnservatin charity. Its Frest Pathways Reprt details the state f the wrld’s frests and what gvernments can d t better prtect them. The reprt fcuses n the cmmitments that were made at COP26 ——a cnference n the climate emergency held in the UK in 2021. At COP26, mre than 140 cuntries, cvering arund 90% f the wrld’s frest, prmised t end defrestatin by 2030. Hwever, the WWF says that this target is in danger f being missed.
In 2022, 66,000 square kilmetres f frest arund the wrld was lst. Abut tw-thirds f this was frm trpical frests. This is having an effect n wildlife, with the WWF’s blueprint nting a decline in the ppulatins f species that depend n frests, such as grillas, hrnbills, rangutans and black-headed squirrel mnkeys.
Hwever, the reprt als highlights sme cnservatin success stries. Fr instance, the Khata Cnservatin Area in Nepal has grwn by a size amunt t 3,000 ftball pitches, prviding a hme fr tigers and ther species. Meanwhile, in the UK, the Wild Inglebrugh prject, a partnership between the WWF and the Yrkshire Wildlife Trust, is restring 15square kilmetres f land in the Yrkshire Dales back t its natural wild state, cmplete with wdlands. Mary Gagen, authr f the Frest Pathways Reprt, says, “There are pckets f success where cuntries are appraching defrestatin, and we knw what needs t be dne t grw thse.”
The reprt includes a list f recmmendatins fr wrld gvernments, prviding a blueprint t save frests. This includes tughening up rules against defrestatin as well as recgnizing the rights f indigenus (当地的) peples wh live in the frests. They are the descendants (后代) f thse wh lived smewhere befre anther culture arrived and tk ver.There are als sme specific suggestins fr the UK Gvernment, such as bringing in envirnmental standards fr fd that is bught and sld in the UK, s that nne f it cntributes t defrestatin.
8. What d we knw abut WWF?
A. It may fail t meet its gal.B. It fcuses n prtecting ur earth.
C. It ffers prpsals t gvernments.D. It apprves f COP26’s cmmitments.
9. Hw des the authr mainly develp the third paragraph?
A. By listing sme statistics.B. By clarifying a cncept.
C. By citing sme examples.D. By pinting ut similarities.
10. What can yu learn frm the text?
A. The blueprint lays dwn fd criteria fr cuntries.
B. Cncrete tips will help the UK gvernment save frests.
C. The blueprint desn’t acknwledge the rights f natives.
D. The native peple are succeeding generatins f anther culture.
11. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. The Keynte f Frest Pathways Reprt.B. A Cnference n the Climate Emergency.
C. The Wrldwide Effrt fr Defrestatin.D. Successful Stries f Tackling Defrestatin.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是世界自然基金会(WWF)的第一份拯救世界森林的全球蓝图。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据首段中的“The WWF is a glbal cnservatin charity. Its Frest Pathways Reprt details the state f the wrld’s frests and what gvernments can d t better prtect them. (世界自然基金会是一个全球性的环保慈善组织。该组织的《森林路径报告》详细介绍了世界森林的状况，以及各国政府可以采取哪些措施来更好地保护森林。)”可知，WWF是一个全球性的环保慈善组织，它在报告中详细介绍世界的森林情况，并对各国可以采取哪些措施来保护森林，由此可知，WWF旨在保护全球的森林。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Hwever, the reprt als highlights sme cnservatin success stries.(然而，该报告也强调了一些成功的保护案例。)”可知，该报告强调了一些成功的保护案例，结合下文中的“Fr instance, the Khata Cnservatin Area in Nepal has grwn by a size amunt t 3,000 ftball pitches, prviding a hme fr tigers and ther species….(例如，尼泊尔的卡塔保护区的面积已经扩大到3000个足球场，为老虎和其他物种提供了家园……。)”等列举的尼泊尔等国家和地区具体成功的保护案例可知，作者是通过举例的方式展开的第三段内容。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据尾段中的“The reprt includes a list f recmmendatins fr wrld gvernments, prviding a blueprint t save frests.(该报告为世界各国政府提供了一系列建议，为拯救森林提供了蓝图。)”可知，该报告为各国政府提供了一系列的建议来拯救森林，结合下文中的“There are als sme specific suggestins fr the UK Gvernment, such as bringing in envirnmental standards fr fd that is bught and sld in the UK, s that nne f it cntributes t defrestatin.(对英国政府也有一些具体的建议，比如对在英国买卖的食品引入环境标准，这样就不会导致森林砍伐。)”可知，对英国政府也有一些具体的建议，这些具体的建议不会导致森林砍伐，由此可知，具体的建议将帮助英国政府拯救森林。故选B项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段中的“The Wrld Wide Fund fr Nature (WWF) has released the first glbal blueprint t save the wrld’s frests.(世界自然基金会(WWF)发布了第一份拯救世界森林的全球蓝图。)”可知，WWF发布了第一份拯救世界森林的全球蓝图，结合下文中介绍的该蓝图的内容及其作用可知，本文主要介绍的是WWF发布的《森林路径报告》，所以题目“《森林路径报告》的主旨”概括了本文的主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选A项。
D
Stries have lng been emplyed t instill (灌输) mral and cultural values in yung children, but there is little research explring the effectiveness f such stries.
“As parents, we want t knw hw effective the stries actually are in prmting hnesty.” say lead authr Kang Lee f the Dr. Eric Jackman Institute f Child Study at the University f Trnt and c-authr Victria Talwar f McGill University. “Is it ‘in ne ear, ut the ther,’ r d children listen and take the messages t heart?”
T find ut, Lee and Talwar cnducted an experiment with 268 children aged 3 t 7. Each child played a game that required guessing the identity f a ty based n the sund it made. In the middle f the game, the experimenter left the rm fr a minute, instructing the child nt t glance at a ty left n the table. Fr mst children, this temptatin (诱惑) was t hard t resist. When the experimenter returned, she read the child a stry, either The Trtise and the Hare, The By Wh Cried Wlf, Pincchi, r Gerge Washingtn and the Cherry Tree. Afterward, the experimenter asked the child t tell the truth abut whether he r she glanced at the ty.
Cntrary t the experimenters’ expectatins, Pincchi and The By Wh Cried Wlf , which assciate lying with negative cnsequences, were n mre effective at prmting hnest behavir than a fable unrelated t hnesty, in this case The Trtise and the Hare. Only the made-up tale abut yung Gerge Washingtn seemed t inspire the kids t admit glancing: Children wh heard the tale in which the future first president was cmplimented because f admitting his mistake and rewarded a candy were three times mre likely t tell the truth than their fellws wh heard ther stries.
“Our study shws that t prmte mral behavir such as hnesty, emphasizing the psitive utcmes f hnesty rather than the negative cnsequences f dishnesty is the key,” nte they. “This may apply t ther mral behavirs as well.”
They als warn that mre research is necessary t determine whether mral stries influence kids’ behavir in the lng term. Still, they have been quick t take advantage f the findings. Talwar reprts a shift in her wn parenting practices: “It really seems t wrk. I use this nw with my child.”
12. What is the aim f the experiment mentined in the text?
A. T find ut which stry is instructive at schl.
B. T make sure if the children can resist the temptatin.
C. T see the effectiveness f stries in prmting hnesty.
D. T ensure the precisin in guessing the identity f the ty.
13. What des the underlined wrd“cmplimented”mean in Paragraph 4?
A. Criticized.B. Praised.C. Ignred.D. Respected.
14. What des Talwar mean in the last paragraph?
A. She will apply the finding t her child.
B. Her child shws a strng interest in the stry.
C. Her parents have changed their way f educatin.
D. She perceives the psitive influence n her child.
15. Which wrd can describe the authr’s attitude in the text?
A. Unclear.B. Cntradictry.C. Sympathetic.D. Objective.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章就道德故事是否会长期影响孩子行为展开了讨论。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Stries have lng been emplyed t instill (灌输) mral and cultural values in yung children, but there is little research explring the effectiveness f such stries.(长期以来，故事一直被用来向幼儿灌输道德和文化价值观，但很少有研究探讨这些故事的有效性。)”和文章第二段“As parents, we want t knw hw effective the stries actually are in prmting hnesty.(作为父母，我们想知道这些故事在促进诚实方面到底有多大效果。)”可推知，文中提到的实验的目的是为了看看故事在促进诚实方面的有效性。故选C。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据下文“because f admitting his mistake and rewarded a candy were three times mre likely t tell the truth than their fellws wh heard ther stries.(因为承认了自己的错误并奖励了一颗糖果，他们说真话的可能性是听到其他故事的同伴的三倍。)”可知，未来的第一总统因承认错误而受到称赞，由此可知，cmplimented意为“称赞”，和B项：Praised意思接近。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段““Our study shws that t prmte mral behavir such as hnesty, emphasizing the psitive utcmes f hnesty rather than the negative cnsequences f dishnesty is the key,” nte they.(他们指出：“我们的研究表明，要促进诚实等道德行为，强调诚实的积极结果而不是不诚实的消极后果是关键。”)”和最后一段“Talwar reprts a shift in her wn parenting practices: “It really seems t wrk. I use this nw with my child.”(塔尔瓦尔报告了她自己的育儿方式的转变：“这似乎真的有效。我现在和我的孩子一起用这个。”)”可知，她意识到道德故事对孩子的积极影响。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段““Our study shws that t prmte mral behavir such as hnesty, emphasizing the psitive utcmes f hnesty rather than the negative cnsequences f dishnesty is the key,” nte they. “This may apply t ther mral behavirs as well.”(他们指出:“我们的研究表明，要促进诚实等道德行为，强调诚实的积极结果而不是不诚实的消极后果是关键。”“这可能也适用于其他道德行为。”)”和文章最后一段“They als warn that mre research is necessary t determine whether mral stries influence kids’ behavir in the lng term. Still, they have been quick t take advantage f the findings. Talwar reprts a shift in her wn parenting practices: “It really seems t wrk. I use this nw with my child.”(他们还警告说，需要更多的研究来确定道德故事是否会长期影响孩子的行为。尽管如此，他们还是迅速利用了这些发现。塔尔瓦尔报告了她自己的育儿方式的转变：“这似乎真的有效。我现在和我的孩子一起用这个。”)”可知，作者一方面指出了实验结果，另一方面又提出实验结果的局限性，由此可知，作者的态度是客观的。故选D。
第二节(共5 小题; 每小题 2.5分, 满分 12.5 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两处为多余选项。
Fr utdr enthusiasts, it is crucial t be prepared fr any srt f natural disaster in the pen air. ___16___. It includes what kinds f disasters may strike, and what resurces shuld be taken n yur trip.
___17___ Desert areas are mre likely t be affected by drughts; castal regins are mre likely t see hurricanes; muntainus areas are likely t avalanches (雪崩) in winter and landslides in summer. Therefre, always d sme research ahead f time t help yu find right survival strategies in different cnditins.
While yu’re planning, the essential thing t cnsider is the things yu shuld pack fr yur trip. Any disaster that may separate yu frm civilizatin fr a perid f time will require yu t prvide yur wn fd, water, and shelter fr at least a few days. ___18___ Fr disasters that may wet yur equipment, flameless light surces are a must. What yu bring with yu shuld be suited t the disaster yu might encunter.
Once yu cmplete yur survival plan, it’s better t review it peridically. When a natural disaster strikes, yu prbably wn’t have time t g ver a dcument r g nline t seek advice. ___19___
If a natural disaster strikes while yu are in the wilderness, yu shuld put yur survival plan int effect immediately. ___20___ Then cntact thers fr help. D nt wait arund t see if the disaster is really that serius, d nt panic, and d nt easily abandn yur plan.
A. But this is nt always the case.
B. It’s als a gd idea t bring light surces.
C. That means having a disaster respnse plan.
D. It’s als great t cnsult with the specialists in persn.
E. Cnsequently, revising it frequently is strngly recmmended.
F. Different kinds f disasters are likely t ccur in different areas.
G. Stay calm, act decisively, and begin wrking t keep yurself alive.
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. B 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章就在自然灾害到来之前制定生存计划提出一些建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Fr utdr enthusiasts, it is crucial t be prepared fr any srt f natural disaster in the pen air.(对于户外运动爱好者来说，在户外为任何自然灾害做好准备是至关重要的)”和下文“It includes what kinds f disasters may strike, and what resurces shuld be taken n yur trip.(它包括什么类型的灾难可能会发生，以及在你的旅行中应该带什么资源)”可知，空处承上启下，针对上文提到的做好准备，应该有一个灾难应对计划，下文中则是计划的具体内容。C项中的“a disaster respnse plan”和下文中的“it”对应。C项：That means having a disaster respnse plan.(这意味着要有一个灾难应对计划)符合语境。故选C。
【17题详解】
空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Desert areas are mre likely t be affected by drughts; castal regins are mre likely t see hurricanes; muntainus areas are likely t avalanches (雪崩) in winter and landslides in summer.(沙漠地区更容易受到干旱的影响；沿海地区更容易出现飓风；山区冬季易发生雪崩，夏季易发生山体滑坡)”可知，本段主要讲述了不同地区会发生不同的灾害。F项中的“different areas”与下文的“Desert areas、castal regins、muntainus areas”对应。F项：Different kinds f disasters are likely t ccur in different areas.(不同的地区可能发生不同种类的灾害)符合语境。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Any disaster that may separate yu frm civilizatin fr a perid f time will require yu t prvide yur wn fd, water, and shelter fr at least a few days.(任何可能将你与文明隔离一段时间的灾难将要求你提供你自己的食物，水，和至少几天的避难所)”可知，空处承接上文，提出需要准备的东西，结合下文“Fr disasters that may wet yur equipment, flameless light surces are a must.(对于可能湿润你装备的灾害，无火光源是必不可少的)”可知，空处提到的东西是光源，B项中的“light surces”和下文中的“flameless light surces”对应。B项：It’s als a gd idea t bring light surces.(带光源也是个好主意)符合语境。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Once yu cmplete yur survival plan, it’s better t review it peridically. When a natural disaster strikes, yu prbably wn’t have time t g ver a dcument r g nline t seek advice.(一旦你完成了生存计划，最好定期回顾一下。当自然灾害来袭时，你可能没有时间浏览文件或上网寻求建议)”可知，空处和上文形成因果关系，因为完成生存计划以后可能没有时间浏览文件或寻求建议，因此要经常修改它。E项：Cnsequently, revising it frequently is strngly recmmended.(因此，强烈建议经常修改它)符合语境。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文“If a natural disaster strikes while yu are in the wilderness, yu shuld put yur survival plan int effect immediately.(当你在野外时，如果自然灾害袭击了你，你应该立即实施你的生存计划)”可知，空处承接上文，说明要采取果断行动，G项中的“act decisively”和上文中的“put yur survival plan int effect immediately”对应。G项：Stay calm, act decisively, and begin wrking t keep yurself alive.(保持冷静，果断行动，开始努力让自己活下去)符合语境。故选G。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 完形填空(共15 小题，每小题1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day, a girl came upn a ccn, and she culd tell that a butterfly was trying t ____21____. She waited and watched the butterfly struggle fr hurs t ____22____ itself frm the tiny hle.____23____, the butterfly stpped mving, it seemed t be ___24___ . The girl then decided t help get the butterfly ut and with a pair f scissrs cut pen the ccn. The butterfly was then ___25___able t escape. Hwever, its bdy was swllen (肿胀的) and its wings were ____26____ .
The girl still thught she had dne the butterfly a favr as she sat there waiting fr its wings t grw in rder t ____27____its bdy. That wasn’t happening. The butterfly was unable t fly, and fr the rest f its life, it culd nly mve by crawling arund with little wings and a___28___ bdy. Despite the girl’s gd intentins, she didn’t understand that the ___29___ f the butterfly’s ccn and the struggle the butterfly had t _____30_____ in rder t escape served an imprtant purpse. As butterflies _____31_____ frm tight ccns and stretch wings ut, it frces liquid frm their bdy int their wings t prepare them t be able t fly.
The_____32_____ that we face in life help us grw and get strnger. There is ften a reasn behind the requirement f being ____33____ and persistent. When bearing difficult times, we will develp the necessary _____34_____ that we’ll need in the future. Withut having any struggles, we wn’t grw, which means it’s very imprtant t _____35_____ persnal challenges urselves rather than relying n ther peple t always help us.
21.
A. hatchB. hangC. swingD. nest
22.
A trapB. releaseC. wrapD. thrw
23.
A. Even sB. Sner r laterC. All f a suddenD. As usual
24.
A. scaredB. sughtC. kickedD. stuck
25.
A. easilyB. hardlyC. merelyD. slightly
26.
A. verestimatedB. underdevelpedC. vergrwnD. underfed
27.
A. prtectB. shadeC. supprtD. survive
28.
A. tinyB. skinnyC. strngD. large
29.
A. cnservatinB. restrictinC. tensinD. variatin
30.
A. cme utB. pull upC. g thrughD. leave ff
31.
A. runB. recverC. generateD. emerge
32.
A. strugglesB. adventuresC. detailsD. guidelines
33.
A. industriusB. tlerantC. superirD. straightfrward
34.
A. carefulnessB. strengthC. ptimismD. patience
35.
A. hld ntB. turn dwnC. take nD. bring up
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过一个小女孩自以为是帮助蝴蝶破茧却导致蝴蝶无法飞翔的故事告诉我们，和蝴蝶一样，我们也要经历生命中必要的挣扎和奋斗才能成长，不能一味地依靠他人的帮助。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，一个女孩偶然发现了一个茧，她看得出来一只蝴蝶正试图孵化。A. hatch孵化；B. hang悬挂；C. swing摆动；D. nest筑巢。根据前文“a girl came upn a ccn”及“a butterfly”可知，蝴蝶正试图从茧中孵化。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她等了好几个小时，看着蝴蝶挣扎着从小洞里挣脱出来。A. trap困住；B. release释放；C. wrap包裹；D. thrw扔掉。根据前文“a butterfly was trying t ____1___”可知，蝴蝶正试图破茧而出。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：突然，蝴蝶停止了移动，似乎被卡住了。A. Even s尽管如此；B. Sner r later迟早；C. All f a sudden突然；D. As usual像往常一样。根据后文“the butterfly stpped mving”可知，在蝴蝶破茧的过程中突然停止不动了。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，蝴蝶停止了移动，似乎被卡住了。A. scared使害怕；B. sught寻找；C. kicked踢腿；D. stuck卡住。根据后文“The girl then decided t help get the butterfly ut ”可知，蝴蝶卡住不动了，所以小女孩决定帮助它。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这只蝴蝶很容易就逃脱了。A. easily容易地；B. hardly几乎不；C. merely仅仅；D. slightly略微。根据前文“The girl then decided t help get the butterfly ut and with a pair f scissrs cut pen the ccn”可知，女孩把茧剪开，蝴蝶很容易就出来了。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，它的身体肿胀，翅膀发育不全。 A. verestimated高估的；B. underdevelped发育不全的；C. vergrwn生长过快的；D. underfed营养不良的。根据前文“its bdy was swllen and its wings were”及后文“waiting fr its wings t grw”可知，蝴蝶身体肿胀，翅膀发育不全。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当女孩坐在那里等着蝴蝶的翅膀长出来支撑它的身体时，她仍然认为自己帮了蝴蝶一个忙。A. prtect保护；B. shade遮阳；C. supprt支持；D. survive幸存。根据前文“waiting fr its wings t grw”及后文“its bdy”可知，女孩等着蝴蝶的翅膀长出来支撑它的身体。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这只蝴蝶不会飞，在它余生中，它只能依靠小小的翅膀和巨大的身体到处爬行。A. tiny微小的；B. skinny皮包骨的；C. strng强壮的；D. large巨大的。根据前文“That wasn’t happening.”及“mve by crawling arund with little wings”可知，蝴蝶并没有长出可以支撑它身体的翅膀，和它小小的翅膀相比，身体会长大。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管女孩的初衷是好的，但她不明白蝴蝶的茧的限制和蝴蝶为了逃脱而必须经历的挣扎是有重要意义的。A. cnservatin交谈；B. restrictin限制；C. tensin紧张；D. variatin变化。根据后文“the butterfly’s ccn”及“ tight ccns”可知，茧对蝴蝶来说是一种必不可少的限制。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管女孩的初衷是好的，但她不明白蝴蝶的茧的限制和蝴蝶为了逃脱而必须经历的挣扎是有重要意义的。A. cme ut出现；B. pull up停车；C. g thrugh经历；D. leave ff中断。根据前文“the struggle”可知，蝴蝶破茧需要经历挣扎和奋斗。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当蝴蝶从紧绷的茧中钻出来，展开翅膀时，它会迫使体内的液体进入翅膀，为它们飞行做准备。A. run跑步；B. recver恢复；C. generate生产；D. emerge出现。根据后文“frm tight ccns and stretch wings ut”可知，当蝴蝶破茧而出后，会展开双翅。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在生活中面临的挣扎帮助我们成长并变得更强大。A. struggles挣扎；B. adventures冒险；C. details细节；D. guidelines指导方针。根据前文“the struggle the butterfly had t ____10___”可知，人和蝴蝶一样，也要经历必要的挣扎才能成长。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：要求勤奋和坚持不懈的背后往往是有原因的。A. industrius勤勉的；B. tlerant容忍的；C. superir优越的；D. straightfrward直率的。根据后文“and persistent”可知，此处强调面对困境所需要的坚毅的品质，要勤勉坚持。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们面对困难的时候，我们会培养出我们将来需要的必要力量A. carefulness仔细；B. strength力量；C. ptimism乐观；D. patience耐心。根据前文“being ___13___and persistent. When bearing difficult times”可知，养成了勤勉坚持的品质，才有克服困境的力量。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：没有任何挣扎，我们就不会成长，这意味着自己接受个人挑战而不是依靠别人总是帮助我们是非常重要的。A. hld nt抓住；B. turn dwn拒绝；C. take n接受；D. bring up抚养。根据后文“persnal challenges urselves rather than relying n ther peple t always help us”可知，自己要接受挑战，而不是一味地依靠别人的帮助。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题, 每小题1.5分, 满分 15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has a lng histry f mre than 5000 years. In the vastness f histry, Chinese traditinal culture cnstantly shws ___36___ (it) unique charm and is deeply lved and appreciated by peple arund the wrld. Amng the ancient Chinese literature, the Fur Great Classical Nvels, als referred t as the fur greatest and mst ____37____ (influence) nvels written in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, stand ut.
_____38_____ the fur nvels have in cmmn is that they were written in the vernacular (白话文) f their times, _____39_____ mst ancient literature that was written in the classical style f writing. Mst Chinese are familiar with the figures, plts and scenes in the fur nvels. They have ______40______(dramatic) affected the mentality, ideas and values f Chinese peple. They were widely read by peple and cntained philsphical ideas, histry and viewpints abut human sciety that _____41_____ (define) part f the wrldviews f the schlar and the _____42_____ (plitical), which had _____43_____ significant effect n the develpment f Chinese scieties in past eras.
Nwadays, they have already been adapted int mvies r TV series, ______44______ (favr) by lts f audiences. Being high in artistic standard, the Fur Great Classical Nvels are precius heritage f Chinese natin and ______45______ (strike) wrks in the histry f Chinese literature.
【答案】36. its
37. influential
38. What 39. unlike
40. dramatically
41. defined
42. plitician
43. a 44. favred##favured
45. striking
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了四大名著的文化价值及影响。
【36题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：在浩瀚的历史长河中，中国传统文化不断显示出独特的魅力，深受世界人民的喜爱和欣赏。修饰名词短语“unique charm”空处需填形容词性物主代词。故填its。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在中国古代文学中，《四大名著》，也被称为明清时期最伟大、最具影响力的四部小说，脱颖而出。根据“mst”和“nvels”可知，空处需填形容词作定语，influential作形容词，表示“有影响力的”，符合句意。故填influential。
【38题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：这四部小说的共同之处在于，它们都是用它们那个时代的白话文写成的，不像用古典文体写成的最古老的文学作品。分析句子结构可知，“____3_____ the fur nvels have in cmmn”是主语从句，从句缺have的宾语，指代“相同之处”，故用what引导。故填What。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：这四部小说的共同之处在于，它们都是用他们那个时代的白话文写成的，不像用古典文体写成的最古老的文学作品。根据句意可知，这四部小说都是用那个时代的白话文写成的，不像用古典文体写成的文学作品。介词unlike表示“不像”，符合句意。故填unlike。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：他们极大地影响了中国人的心态、思想和价值观。根据“affected”可知，空处需填副词作状语，修饰动词。故填dramatically。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：它们被人们广泛阅读，包含了哲学思想、历史和关于人类社会的观点，这些观点阐明了学者和政治家的部分世界观，对过去中国社会的发展产生了重大影响。分析句子结构可知，that引导的定语从句缺谓语动词，描述过去的事情用一般过去时，故填defined。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：它们被人们广泛阅读，包含了哲学思想、历史和关于人类社会的观点，这些观点阐明了学者和政治家的部分世界观，对过去中国社会的发展产生了重大影响。根据“the schlar and the”可知，空处需填名词，结合句意可知，此处表示“政治家”，plitician作名词，表示“政治家”与“the schlar”并列，用名词单数。故填plitician。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：它们被人们广泛阅读，包含了哲学思想、历史和关于人类社会的观点，这些观点阐明了学者和政治家的部分世界观，对过去中国社会的发展产生了重大影响。have a/an... effect n表示“对……有……影响”，significant的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，它们已被改编成电影或电视剧，受到许多观众的喜爱。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“have been adapted”，故空处需填非谓语动词，favr和逻辑主语they（四大名著）之间为被动关系，故应填过去分词作状语。故填favred或favured。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：四大名著是中华民族的宝贵遗产，是中国文学史上引人注目的作品，艺术水准极高。根据“wrks”可知，空处需填形容词作定语，striking作形容词，表示“引人注目的”，符合句意。故填striking。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40 分)
第一节 (满分15 分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Ben 得知你校开展了丰富多彩的校本课，请你给他写信介绍你最喜欢的体育校本课 (PE schl-based curse) 的相关情况, 内容如下：
1. 上课的时间和内容;
2. 喜欢的原因和收获。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Ben，
My schl has launched a series f schl-based curses.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely，
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Ben,
My schl has launched a series f schl-based curses. I’m writing t share with yu my favrite ne, PE schl-based curse.
The curse, scheduled t be held every Friday afternn, is very diverse, including varius sprts such as basketball, sccer, vlleyball, and badmintn. It is als the best part f my week, because nt nly can it enhance my physical fitness, making me fresh and energetic thrughut the day, but als help me make like-minded friends while learning. Besides, I have gained a deeper insight int team spirit.
What abut yur favrite schl-based curse? Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本书面表达属于应用文。要求写信告知朋友自己最喜欢的体育校本课并说明理由和收获。
【详解】1.词汇积累
各种各样的：a series f→a variety f
加强：enhance→strengthen
精力充沛的：energetic→vigrus
此外：besides → what’s mre
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, I have gained a deeper insight int team spirit.
拓展句：Besides, It is wrth mentining that I have gained a deeper insight int team spirit.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The curse, scheduled t be held every Friday afternn, is very diverse, including varius sprts such as basketball, sccer, vlleyball, and badmintn. （运用了过去分词作定语）
【高分句型2】It is als the best part f my week, because nt nly can it enhance my physical fitness, making me fresh and energetic thrughut the day, but als help me make like-minded friends while learning.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句及nt nly的部分倒装句）
第二节(满分25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I sptted my neighbr, Mnica, wrking in her garden ne day when I returned hme frm schl. It was sunny, and the smell f cut grass made me feel refreshed. I ppped my head ver the fence, and Mnica and I gt talking.
“I’ve seen yu’re very gd at using a lawn mwer(割草机) and gardening tls,” Mnica said. “There’s a hedge(树篱) grwing ver the pathway near here. It’s s vergrwn that it becmes a head ache fr the passers-by. I was planning t cut it back myself. Wuld yu like t help ut?”
I lved the idea f helping Mnica and ur cmmunity. We agreed t cut the hedge the fllwing Sunday. My brther Ivan, aged 10, als came alng t help us. We wheeled Mnica’s garbage can dwn t the hedge, which the cmmunity cuncil was respnsible fr. All three f us cut it with shears (大剪刀) until a truble-free pathway came in sight. Mr. Brwn, a wheelchair user, was grateful that he didn’t have t make a detur(绕行) any mre t pass the hedge. Encuraged by his wrds, I suggested ding mre fr ur cmmunity, t make it a better place.
When we first started, we just made the best f the equipment we already had in my parents’ garage. But as time went n, dnatins came in frm the lcal cmmunity. Our garage gt filled up quickly with brushes, gardening tls, and even dnated pwer tls like leaf blwers. With everything ready, ur first prject was t beautiful park near ur huses, which lked a bit run-dwn. Ivan was in charge f painting the fence arund, Mnica cleared the lawn with a leaf blwer, and I was respnsible fr repairing the benches where ur neighbrs usually sat at their leisure. After tw weeks’ hard wrk, we felt stunned when stepping back and appreciating the clean and brand new small park. My heart swelled with pride because ur effrts paid ff.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150个左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I psted phts f ur hard wrk n ur lcal Facebk Grup.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
With mre neighbrs jining in, we headed fr the flwer bed near the cmmunity center.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin
I psted phts f ur hard wrk n ur lcal Facebk Grup. Shared and frwarded, the phts made a splash immediately. Hundreds f likes pured in like snwflakes after peple knew the stry. Smene cmmented that it inspired him t help the cmmunity. Thinking highly f the small park, anther expressed his gratitude fr ur effrt t bring cnvenience t the residents here. With ur prject getting arund, we felt thrilled. Many peple wanted t get invlved t make ur cmmunity mre beautiful. Then, the secnd prject was brn.
With mre neighbrs jining in, we headed fr the flwer bed near the cmmunity center. The task f this time was heavier than befre. Trimming the bushes with shears, turning the sil with spades, and tidying the withered fallen leaves with leaf blwers, we put ur prject in full swing. Sme time later varius beautiful flwers dnated by ur neighbrs were transplanted perfectly. Seeing the brand new flwer bed, I was cnsumed with jy, because we all devted urselves t making a difference t ur cmmunity, making it a better place fr the residents.
【解析】
【导语】本文按照时间顺序，讲述了作者与Mnica以及10岁大的Ivan一起清理社区，得到了邻居们的响应，越来越多邻居加入进来，共同提升社区环境。
【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我在我们当地的Facebk群组上发布了我们辛勤工作的照片。”可知，第一段可描写作者的事迹在互联网上获得的响应。 ②由第二段首句内容“随着更多的邻居加入，我们朝着社区中心附近的花坛走去。”可知，第二段可描写邻居们的努力带给社区的变化以及我们的感受。
2.续写线索：发帖——积极响应——邻居加入——社区变化。
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.涌入：pured in/crwded in/flded in
②.评论：cmment/remark
情绪类
①.兴奋：thrilled/excited/elating
②.高兴：jy/delight
【点睛】 [高分句型1]. Shared and frwarded, the phts made a splash immediately（过去分词作状语）
[高分句型2]. With mre neighbrs jining in, we headed fr the flwer bed near the cmmunity center.（with的复合结构）
1-5 BACCC 6-10ACABA 11-15ACCBB 16-20CBBBA
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