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18，广东省深圳市龙岗区2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题
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这是一份18，广东省深圳市龙岗区2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题，共21页。试卷主要包含了考试结束，请将答题卡交回， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
注意事项：
1.本试卷共8页，满分 120分，折算成130分计入总分。 考试用时 120分钟。
2.答题前，请将学校、班级、姓名和考号用规定的笔写在答题卡指定的位置上， 并将条形码粘贴在答题卡的贴条形码区。请保持条形码整洁、不污损。
3.本卷试题，考生必须在答题卡上按规定作答; 凡在试卷、草稿纸上作答的，其答案一律无效。答题卡必须保持清洁，不能折叠。
4.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔将答题卡选择题答题区内对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案; 非选择题答案必须用规定的笔，按作答题目的序号，写在答题卡非选择题答题区内。
5.考试结束，请将答题卡交回。
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分 50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Calling All Science Lvers
PacSci is always seeking exceptinally talented peple wh believe deeply in ur missin and reflect ur diverse cmmunity. PacSci ffers a variety f jb pprtunities, frm entry-level psitins t management rles, all with pprtunities t learn, and grw.
Is this yu?
·Intensely curius and mtivated
·Passin fr science and science educatin
·Team player
·Service-riented
Yu might find yurself
·Interpreting exhibits
·Running planetarium(天文馆)shws
·Rwing dwn River Mercer Slugh with summer campers
·Tending t the trpical tree leaves in ur Butterfly Huse
·Managing details fr private event sales
·Making things run smthly behind the scenes
Benefits and bnus
·Exciting lcatin in Seattle Center
·Easy access t public transprtatin(take the Mnrail t wrk!)
·100% emplyer paid medical, dental, and visin benefit ptins
·Apprximately 4 weeks f paid vacatin plus 12 paid hlidays annually
·Annual membership including unlimited admissin and ther great benefits
·Regular pprtunities t learn, grw, and develp new skills acrss departments and prjects
Each PacSci team member plays a vital rle in fulfilling ur missin: t stimulate curisity in every child and fuel a passin fr discvery, experimentatin, and critical thinking in all f us. Jin ur team t help expand access t science, in the Pacific Nrthwest and beynd!
1. What is required f a PacSci member?
A. Prir experience.B. Language skills.
C. Cperative spirit.D. Academic backgrund.
2. Which f the fllwing may be included in the jb respnsibilities at PacSci?
A. Hsting talent shws.
B. Hlding science exhibitins.
C. Planting trpical trees.
D. Accmpanying summer campers.
3. When wrking at PacSci, yu can have ________.
A. unlimited vacatin days
B. self-imprvement pprtunities
C. free public transprtatin
D. discunted annual membership
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章是一则关于PacSci公司的招聘广告，主要介绍了公司提供的各种工作机会和福利，以及公司对员工的期望和要求。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“Is this yu?”部分中的“Team player(团队精神)”可知，拥有团队合作精神是成为PacSci会员需要具备的条件。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“Yu might find yurself”部分中的“Rwing dwn River Mercer Slugh with summer campers(与夏令营者一起划船沿着默瑟斯劳河而下)”可知，选项D“Accmpanying summer campers(陪同夏令营者)”是在PacSci的工作中可能需要承担的职责。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章“Benefits and bnus”部分中的“Regular pprtunities t learn, grw, and develp new skills acrss(定期有机会跨部门和跨项目学习、成长和发展新技能)”可知，在PacSci工作时可以有自我提升的机会。故选B。
B
After the death f her nature-lving mther, Margaret Renkl tenderly placed in an antique jar the “sft white hair” left behind in her mther’s hairbrush. Years passed. When it n lnger carried the scent (气味) she treasured, Renkl laid the hair acrss a tree branch in her yard. This act was meant as a direct invitatin t the birds in her yard, and it was accepted: A bird used the hair fr the nest it was building.
Renkl devtes nly a half-page t this stry, but it cnveys the beautiful interactin f human and ther animal lives at the heart f The Cmfrt f Crws. Starting in winter and cntinuing thrugh the seasnal rund, Renkl brings alive in 52 chapters her lve fr the animals and plants in her half-acre (半英亩) yard in Tennessee and in nearby parks. Equally mving, she admits her desperatin at the human-caused crisis the natural wrld faces, and her determinatin nt t back ff.
Her determinatin is mre than lip service. She cures a neighbrhd fx against a skin disease, with the help f a trap, a bit f bacn, and advice frm an animal dctr; ensures that leaves frm the trees in her yard are nt gathered s that insects verwinter and hungry birds can dine there; fills a garden with milkweed in supprt f mnarch butterflies.
With these steps, Renkl refuses t give up in the face f human-caused glbal warming that is changing ur envirnment and harming ther species. In these days f climate crisis, the phenmenn f eclgical anxiety is real. In rder t seize pprtunities t help, many f us d require fuel t restre ur spirits. Find that fuel in Renkl’s chapters f The Cmfrt f Crws. The animals and plants s cherished by Renkl need us nw mre than ever.
4. What is the central theme f Renkl’s The Cmfrt f Crws?
A. Persnal preference twards cuntry life.B. Fnd memries f clse family members.
C. Prfund disappintment at climate crisis.D. Amazing interactins between man and nature.
5. What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A Renkl’s effrts in prtecting animals.B. Renkl’s service in the neighbrhd.
C. Renkl’s attempts t treat an injured fx.D. Renkl’s determinatin t preserve the yard.
6. What is Renkl’s attitude twards glbal warming?
A. Indifferent yet realistic.B. Cncerned yet active.
C. Pessimistic yet tlerant.D. Regretful yet hpeful.
7. What is the purpse f this text?
A. T intrduce the beauty f rural life.B. T present the daily rutine f Renkl.
C. T recmmend an inspiratinal bk.D. T prvide advice n nature prtectin.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Margaret Renkl写的《乌鸦的安慰》一书，传达了人类和其他动物生活的美好互动。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Renkl devtes nly a half-page t this stry, but it cnveys the beautiful interactin f human and ther animal lives at the heart f The Cmfrt f Crws.(Renkl只用了半页纸来讲述这个故事，但它传达了人类和其他动物生活的美好互动，这是《乌鸦的安慰》的核心)”可知，Renkl的the Cmfrt f Crws的中心主题是人与自然的惊人互动。故选D。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Her determinatin is mre than lip service. She cures a neighbrhd fx against a skin disease, with the help f a trap, a bit f bacn, and advice frm an animal dctr; ensures that leaves frm the trees in her yard are nt gathered s that insects verwinter and hungry birds can dine there; fills a garden with milkweed in supprt f mnarch butterflies.(她的决心不只是说说而已。她用一个陷阱、一点熏肉和一位动物医生的建议，治好了邻居家一只狐狸的皮肤病；确保她院子里的树叶不会被收集起来，这样越冬的昆虫和饥饿的鸟儿就可以在那里吃饭了;在花园里种满马利筋，以支持帝王蝶)”可知，第三段的主要内容是Renkl在保护动物方面的努力。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“With these steps, Renkl refuses t give up in the face f human-caused glbal warming that is changing ur envirnment and harming ther species. In these days f climate crisis, the phenmenn f eclgical anxiety is real. In rder t seize pprtunities t help, many f us d require fuel t restre ur spirits. Find that fuel in Renkl’s chapters f The Cmfrt f Crws. The animals and plants s cherished by Renkl need us nw mre than ever.(面对人类造成的全球变暖正在改变我们的环境并伤害其他物种，Renkl拒绝放弃这些步骤。在气候危机的今天，生态焦虑的现象是真实的。为了抓住机会提供帮助，我们中的许多人确实需要动力来恢复我们的精神。在Renkl的《乌鸦的安慰》章节中找到动力。Renkl珍惜的动物和植物现在比以往任何时候都更需要我们)”可推知，Renkl对全球变暖的态度是担忧的，但是Renkl也指出应该找到动力来保护动植物，体现了积极的一面。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Renkl devtes nly a half-page t this stry, but it cnveys the beautiful interactin f human and ther animal lives at the heart f The Cmfrt f Crws.(Renkl只用了半页纸来讲述这个故事，但它传达了人类和其他动物生活的美好互动，这是《乌鸦的安慰》的核心)”结合文章主要介绍了Margaret Renkl写的《乌鸦的安慰》一书，传达了人类和其他动物生活的美好互动。可推知，这篇文章的目的是推荐一本励志书。故选C。
C
Imagine that yu’ve just finished taking a multiple-chice test, and yu start t secnd-guess ne f yur answers. Yu have sme extra time — shuld yu stick t yur first instinct (直觉) r change it? Abut three quarters f students are cnvinced that changing their answers will hurt their scres. Experience indicates that many wh change answers change t the wrng answer.
Despite the lessns f experience, what des evidence say? In a review f thirty-three studies, three psychlgists fund that the majrity f answer changes were frm wrng t right. Teachers have als fund that students’ final exams have few eraser marks, but thse wh d rethink their first answers rather than sticking t them end up imprving their scres. This phenmenn is knwn as the first instinct fallacy (谬误).
We dn’t just hesitate t rethink ur answers. We hesitate at the very idea f rethinking. Take an experiment where hundreds f cllege students learned abut the first instinct fallacy fr example. Researchers taught them abut the value f changing their minds and gave them advice n when it makes sense t d s. In their next tw tests, they were still unlikely t change their answers.
Part f the prblem is cgnitive (认知的) laziness. Psychlgists pint ut that we favr the cmfrt f firmly-held beliefs ver the discmfrt f dubt. Questining urselves makes the wrld mre unpredictable. It requires us t admit that the facts may have changed, and that what was nce right may nw be wrng.
We’ve all heard abut the ppular stry where a frg wuld immediately escape if drpped int biling ht water, but it wuld stay if the water was gradually heated. Hwever, it isn’t true.
The frg will escape as sn as the water gets uncmfrtably warm. It is just nce we hear the stry and accept it as true, we rarely bther t questin it. S, it’s nt s much changing yur answer that imprves yur scre as cnsidering whether yu shuld change it.
8. What is a cmmn belief amng students when they take tests?
A. Changing answers is a risk.
B. First instinct harms their scres.
C. Reviewing answers is a must.
D. Secnd-guessing imprves their scres.
9 What might cllege students be taught cncerning the first instinct fallacy?
A. Changing ne’s mind hurts.
B. First instinct shuld be ignred.
C. Seeking thers’ advice helps.
D. First answers can be challenged.
10. Why des the authr mentin the stry f a frg?
A. T raise questins abut the stry.
B. T stress the imprtance f escaping.
C. T cnvey the frg’s lessn f survival.
D. T illustrate ur resistance t questining.
11. What is a suitable title fr the text?
A. Rethinking: the Art f Dubt
B. First Instinct is Nt t Be Trusted
C Changing: Frm Right t Wrng
D. Changing Answers Imprves Scres
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，尽管许多人认为改变答案会降低分数，但研究表明，重新思考答案往往能提高成绩。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Imagine that yu’ve just finished taking a multiple-chice test, and yu start t secnd-guess ne f yur answers. Yu have sme extra time — shuld yu stick t yur first instinct (直觉) r change it? Abut three quarters f students are cnvinced that changing their answers will hurt their scres. Experience indicates that many wh change answers change t the wrng answer.(想象一下，你刚刚完成了一次多项选择题测试，你开始猜测其中一个答案。你有一些额外的时间——你应该坚持你的第一直觉还是改变它？大约四分之三的学生相信改变答案会影响他们的分数。经验表明，许多改变答案的人得到的是错误的答案。)”可知，当学生参加考试时，大多数学生都认为改变答案会影响他们的分数，而且许多改变答案的人得到的是错误的答案。由此可推测，学生认为改变答案是有风险的。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Teachers have als fund that students’ final exams have few eraser marks, but thse wh d rethink their first answers rather than sticking t them end up imprving their scres. This phenmenn is knwn as the first instinct fallacy (谬误).(老师们还发现，学生的期末考试很少有橡皮擦标记，但那些重新思考自己的第一个答案而不是坚持的学生最终会提高他们的分数。这种现象被称为第一本能谬论。)”可知，重新思考自己的第一个答案而不是坚持的学生最终会提高他们的分数，也就是说第一个答案未必就是正确的，是可以质疑的。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The frg will escape as sn as the water gets uncmfrtably warm. It is just nce we hear the stry and accept it as true, we rarely bther t questin it.(一旦水变暖，青蛙就会逃跑。只是一旦我们听到这个故事并接受它是真的，我们就很少费心去质疑它。)”可知，作者提到青蛙的故事是为了说明我们从心理上就抵抗质疑。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“We dn’t just hesitate t rethink ur answers. We hesitate at the very idea f rethinking.(我们在重新思考答案时不会犹豫。我们对重新思考的想法犹豫不决。)”以及文章第四段“Part f the prblem is cgnitive (认知的) laziness. Psychlgists pint ut that we favr the cmfrt f firmly-held beliefs ver the discmfrt f dubt. Questining urselves makes the wrld mre unpredictable. It requires us t admit that the facts may have changed, and that what was nce right may nw be wrng.(部分问题在于认知上的懒惰。心理学家指出，我们更喜欢坚定信念带来的舒适感，而不是怀疑带来的不适。质疑自己会让世界变得更加不可预测。它要求我们承认事实可能已经改变，曾经正确的东西现在可能是错误的。)”可知，文章主要讲述的是重新思考是有意义的，故A选项（反思:怀疑的艺术）适合作为标题。故选A。
D
When yu eagerly dig int a lng-awaited dinner, it’s traditinally believed that signals frm yur stmach t yur brain stp yu eating s much. Hwever, a research team recently discvered that it’s ur sense f taste that immediately pulls us back frm eating fd verly n a hungry day. Stimulated by the perceptin f flavr, a set f brain cells becme active t quickly curtail fd intake.
Previus studies have suggested that the fd taste may cntrl hw fast we eat, but it’s been impssible t study relevant brain activities during eating because brain cells that cntrl this prcess are lcated deep in ur brains, making them hard t access r recrd in an awake animal. New techniques develped by the team allwed fr the first-ever imaging and recrding f a brainstem structure critical fr feeling full, called NTS, in an active muse.
The new study fund that when researchers put fd directly int the muse’s stmach, brain cells called PRLH were activated by signals frm the gut (消化道), in line with traditinal thinking. Hwever, when they allwed the mice t eat the fd as they nrmally wuld, thse signals frm the gut didn’t shw up. Instead, the PRLH brain cells switched t a new activity pattern that was entirely cntrlled by signals frm the muth. “It’s astnishing that these cells were activated by the perceptin f taste,” said researchers. “It shws that there are ther cmpnents f the appetite-cntrl system that deserves ur attentin.”
The PRLH-activated slwdwn als makes sense in terms f timing. The taste f fd allws PRLH t switch their activity in secnds. In cntrast, anther grup f brain cells, called CGC, takes several minutes t respnd t signals frm the gut. The gd thing is that CGC can hld back hunger fr a much lnger time. These tw sets f brain cells interact t wrk tgether: ne uses taste t slw dwn eating, while the ther signals that yu are full.
Understanding hw bdy signals regulate appetite culd imprve weight-lss prgrams fr the verweight by making use f interactins between signals frm different brain cell sets.
12. What des the underline wrd “curtail” in paragraph 1 prbably mean?
A. Activate.B. Limit.C. Expand.D. Assist.
13. What is the limitatin f previus studies accrding t paragraph 2?
A. Inadequate technlgies.
B. Inefficient funds.
C. Unqualified prfessinals.
D. Imprper methds.
14. What did the new study find abut PRLH brain cells when the mice nrmally ate?
A. They helped stimulate the mice’s appetite.
B They encuraged the mice t speed up eating.
C. They were activated by signals frm the muth.
D. They were cntrlled by signals frm the stmach.
15. What is the functin f CGC brain cells?
A. T slw dwn eating speed.
B. T imprve the digestin system.
C. T extend the feeling f fullness.
D. T interact with signals frm taste.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现，该研究表明，脑细胞PRLH在接收到来自口腔的信号时会迅速改变其活动模式，而另一组脑细胞CGC则需要几分钟才能对来自肠道的信号作出反应。这两种脑细胞相互作用，共同调节食欲。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词上一句“a research team recently discvered that it’s ur sense f taste that immediately pulls us back frm eating fd verly n a hungry day.(一个研究小组最近发现，在饥饿的日子里，我们的味觉会立即把我们从过度进食中拉回来。)”可知，味觉可以阻止我们过度进食。由此可推测，划线单词指的是“减少”食物的摄入。选项A“Activate (激活)”；选项B“Limit (限制)”；选项C“Expand (扩展)”；选项D“Assist (协助)”。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Previus studies have suggested that the fd taste may cntrl hw fast we eat, but it’s been impssible t study relevant brain activities during eating because brain cells that cntrl this prcess are lcated deep in ur brains, making them hard t access r recrd in an awake animal. New techniques develped by the team allwed fr the first-ever imaging and recrding f a brainstem structure critical fr feeling full, called NTS, in an active muse.(之前的研究表明，食物的味道可能会控制我们吃东西的速度，但研究进食过程中相关的大脑活动是不可能的，因为控制这一过程的脑细胞位于我们大脑的深处，很难在清醒的动物身上获得或记录它们。研究小组开发的新技术首次对活动小鼠的脑干结构NTS进行了成像和记录，该结构对饱腹感至关重要。)”中的“new techniques”可推测，以前的研究的局限性是因为技术不足。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Hwever, when they allwed the mice t eat the fd as they nrmally wuld, thse signals frm the gut didn’t shw up. Instead, the PRLH brain cells switched t a new activity pattern that was entirely cntrlled by signals frm the muth. “It’s astnishing that these cells were activated by the perceptin f taste,” said researchers. “It shws that there are ther cmpnents f the appetite-cntrl system that deserves ur attentin.”(然而，当他们让老鼠像往常一样吃这些食物时，这些来自肠道的信号就没有出现。相反，PRLH脑细胞切换到一种完全由口腔信号控制的新活动模式。研究人员说：“令人惊讶的是，这些细胞被味觉激活了。”“这表明食欲控制系统中还有其他组成部分值得我们关注。”)”可知，当老鼠正常进食时，PRLH脑细胞切换到一种完全由口腔信号控制的新活动模式，也就是说这些细胞被味觉激活了。故选C。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The gd thing is that CGC can hld back hunger fr a much lnger time.(好消息是，CGC可以在更长的时间内抑制饥饿。)”可知，CGC脑细胞可以长时间抑制饥饿，也就是可以延长饱腹感。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Yu knw the scene: A child runs dwnstairs in pajamas t unwrap her hliday presents and sheds jyful tears as she hugs a new puppy rescued frm a shelter. The music builds up, hearts duble in size and faith in humanity is restred. ____16____ Befre taking that step, there are a few things t cnsider.
First is the element f surprise. The timing culd be a surprise, but the animal shuld abslutely nt be a surprise. The decisin shuld be based n many cnversatins. Everyne invlved shuld understand the lng term cnsequences, children included.____17____
Next, yu’ll chse whether t adpt frm a shelter r rescue. ____18____ The y are acrss the cuntry flded with lvable animals. They als ffer physical lcatins where yu can meet a lt f animals at nce. On the ther hand, rescues are smaller and funded by dnatins. They ften rely n fsters t huse animals.
____19____Applicatins and their prcessing times vary and can include tasks like prving that yur landlrd allws pets. Check t see if applying nline is pssible. If yu’re applying in persn, make sure yu knw what t bring.
If yu’re wrried abut the huge respnsibility f chsing the pet fr yur child, yu can wrap a leash (牵引绳)r a pet bag as the gift, and then take the future pet wner t the shelter. ____20____ This step will be mre meaningful and memrable than just having an animal shw up at yur dr.
A. Nw, yu can welcme the lvely ne with pen arms.
B. Nthing is mre beautiful than seeing yur child smile.
C. Shelters tend t be larger and quicker t prcess applicatins.
D. Whichever yu chse, apply and becme apprved as an adpter first.
E. While it is sweet, giving a living creature as a gift isn’t a light decisin.
F. Invlving yur child in the selectin prcess adds t the whle experience.
G. Respnsibilities can be assigned t them even befre their new pet arrives.
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. C 19. D 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在收养宠物的时候我们需要考虑的几件事。
【16题详解】
根据空前内容“Yu knw the scene: A child runs dwnstairs in pajamas t unwrap her hliday presents and sheds jyful tears as she hugs a new puppy rescued frm a shelter. The music builds up, hearts duble in size and faith in humanity is restred.(你一定见过这样的场景：一个孩子穿着睡衣跑下楼打开节日礼物的包装，抱着一只从收容所救出来的小狗，流下了快乐的眼泪。音乐响起，人心倍增，对人性的信心得以恢复。)”可知，上文描述了收养一只小狗的美好场景。选项E“While it is sweet, giving a living creature as a gift isn’t a light decisin.(虽然这很甜蜜，但送一个生物作为礼物并不是一个轻松的决定。)”延续上文内容，指出这一场景非常的甜蜜，同时引出下文指出收养小狗并不轻松。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据上文内容“The timing culd be a surprise, but the animal shuld abslutely nt be a surprise. The decisin shuld be based n many cnversatins. Everyne invlved shuld understand the lng term cnsequences, children included.(时机可能会让人感到意外，但动物绝对不应该让人感到意外。这个决定应该建立在多次谈话的基础上。包括儿童在内的所有相关人员都应该了解长期后果。)”可知，在领养动物前，家庭成员都应该了解领养动物的责任所在。选项G“Respnsibilities can be assigned t them even befre their new pet arrives.(甚至在他们的新宠物到来之前，责任就已经分配给他们了。)”延续上文内容，指的是在动物到家之前，每个人都已经了解了自己的责任。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据空前“Next, yu’ll chse whether t adpt frm a shelter r rescue.(接下来，你要选择从收容所收养还是从救援机构收养。)”可知，我们需要确定收容所收养还是从救援机构收养。而下文“On the ther hand, rescues are smaller and funded by dnatins. They ften rely n fsters t huse animals.(另一方面，救援机构规模较小，资金来自捐赠。他们经常依靠饲养员来饲养动物。)”介绍的是救援机构的动物。由此可知，空处指的是收容所的情况。选项C“Shelters tend t be larger and quicker t prcess applicatins.(收容所往往更大，处理申请的速度也更快。)”与上下文内容相符。故选C。
【19题详解】
空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“Applicatins and their prcessing times vary and can include tasks like prving that yur landlrd allws pets. Check t see if applying nline is pssible. If yu’re applying in persn, make sure yu knw what t bring.(申请及其处理时间各不相同，可能包括证明房东允许养宠物之类的任务。检查一下是否可以在网上申请。如果你是亲自申请，确保你知道要带什么。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是我们要申请成为收养人。选项D“Whichever yu chse, apply and becme apprved as an adpter first.(无论你选择哪一种，首先申请并被批准为收养人。)”与下文内容相一致，指的是我们应该申请成为收养人。故选D。
【20题详解】
根据上文“If yu’re wrried abut the huge respnsibility f chsing the pet fr yur child, yu can wrap a leash (牵引绳)r a pet bag as the gift, and then take the future pet wner t the shelter.(如果你担心为孩子选择宠物的责任巨大，你可以用牵引绳或宠物袋作为礼物，然后带未来的宠物主人去收容所。)”可知，作者建议可以让孩子参与收养动物的过程。选项F“Invlving yur child in the selectin prcess adds t the whle experience.(让你的孩子参与到选择过程中会增加整个体验。)”与上文内容相符，指的是让孩子参与收养动物的过程。故选F。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
City walk gains ppularity amng yung Chinese. Different frm the fast-paced “special frces style” (特种部队式) turism, city walk is ____21____ and nt very purpseful.
T a certain extent, “special frces style” turism is just a(n) ____22____ f regular travel, where yung peple spend 24 hurs in a city with the same travel guides and check-in list. By cmparisn, city walk allws peple t explre a city ____23____ withut deliberately jining the ____24____ at ppular turist spts r waiting in ____25____ lines utside ppular restaurants fr hurs. Peple ____26____ the past and present f a city as a lcal resident. After all, time is nt ____27____ and the need fr travel is nt s pressing any mre.
While “special frces style” turists ____28____ fast pace and purpsefulness, city walkers are cmpletely slw and free. What really matters is ____29____ wandering. Peple expect that a trip frees themselves frm high _____30_____ and repetitive daily life. Since such wrds as leisure, _____31_____ and purpselessness are assciated with city walk, it seems nt difficult t understand why yung peple are _____32_____ abut it.
When we were children in schl, 45 minutes f class was wrth a 10 minute _____33_____. As we have _____34_____ and started wrking hard, we always want t _____35_____ freedm in life during free time. City walk is a path where we can freely chse, plan, and explre.
21. A. cstlyB. leisurelyC. briefD. nrmal
22. A. innvatinB. lessnC. repetitinD. secret
23. A. eagerlyB. rapidlyC. freelyD. precisely
24. A. sellersB. crwdsC. audiencesD. hsts
25 A. quietB. straightC. frmalD. lng
26. A. discverB. develpC. rememberD. determine
27. A. abundantB. uniqueC. preciusD. urgent
28. A. ignreB. understandC. emphasizeD. explain
29. A. aimlessB. ccasinalC. individualD. meaningless
30. A. reputatinB. tensinC. expectatinD. recgnitin
31. A. creativityB. efficiencyC. speedD. relaxatin
32. A. anxiusB. particularC. enthusiasticD. cautius
33. A. breakB. leaveC. discussinD. exercise
34. A. std upB. grwn upC. teamed upD. shwn up
35. A. escapeB. spreadC. restrictD. pursue
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了城市漫步在年轻中国人中越来越流行的现象，并将其与“特种兵式”旅游进行了对比。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与快节奏的“特种兵式”旅游不同，城市漫步是悠闲的，不太有目的性。A. cstly昂贵的；B. leisurely悠闲的；C. brief简短的；D. nrmal正常的。根据“While “special frces style” turists ____8____ fast pace and purpsefulness, city walkers are cmpletely slw and free. What really matters is ____9____ wandering.”可知，城市漫步是悠闲的。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在某种程度上，“特种兵式”旅游只是常规旅行的一种重复，年轻人在一个城市花 24 小时使用相同的旅行指南和入住清单。A. innvatin创新；B. lessn课程；C. repetitin重复；D. secret秘密。根据“where yung peple spend 24 hurs in a city with the same travel guides and check-in list.”可知，年轻人在一个城市花 24 小时，使用同样的旅行指南和入住清单，这是常规旅行的一种重复。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：相比之下，城市漫步可以让人们自由地探索一个城市，而不必刻意在热门旅游景点加入人群，也不必在热门餐厅外排几个小时的长队。A. eagerly急切地；B. rapidly迅速地；C. freely自由地；D. precisely精确地。根据“withut deliberately jining the ____4____ at ppular turist spts r waiting in ____5____ lines utside ppular restaurants fr hurs.”可知，城市漫步可以让人们自由地探索一个城市。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：相比之下，城市漫步可以让人们自由地探索一个城市，而不必刻意在热门旅游景点加入人群，也不必在热门餐厅外排几个小时的长队。A. seller卖家；B. crwds人群；C. audiences观众；D. hsts主人。根据“at ppular turist spts r waiting in ____5____ lines utside ppular restaurants fr hurs.”可知，此处是指加入在热门旅游景点或在热门餐厅外排长队的人群。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相比之下，城市漫步可以让人们自由地探索一个城市，而不必刻意在热门旅游景点加入人群，也不必在热门餐厅外排几个小时的长队。A. quiet安静的；B. straight直的；C. frmal正式的；D. lng长的。根据“lines utside ppular restaurants fr hurs.”和常识可知，热门餐厅外往往都排着长队。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为当地居民，人们发现一个城市的过去和现在。A. discver发现；B. develp发展；C. remember记得；D. determine决定。根据“as a lcal resident.”可知，城市漫步让旅行者作为一个当地居民，去发现一个城市的过去和现在。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，时间并不紧迫，旅行的需要也不再那么紧迫了。A. abundant充足的；B. unique独特的；C. precius珍贵的；D. urgent紧急的。根据“and the need fr travel is nt s pressing any mre.”可知，作为当地居民，旅行的时间并不紧迫。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“特种兵式”的游客强调快节奏和目的性，而城市漫步者则完全是缓慢而自由的。A. ignre忽视；B. understand理解；C. emphasize强调；D. explain解释。while表示对比，根据“city walkers are cmpletely slw and free.”可知，“特种兵式”旅游的游客强调旅游的快节奏和目的性。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：真正重要的是漫无目的的闲逛。A. aimless无目的的；B. ccasinal偶尔的；C. individual个人的；D. meaningless无意义的。根据“city walkers are cmpletely slw and free.”可知，城市漫步的游客完全是自由和无目的的。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们期望通过旅行将自己从高度紧张和重复的日常生活中解放出来。A. reputatin名声；B. tensin紧张；C. expectatin期待；D. recgnitin 识别。根据“and repetitive daily life.”可知，人们旅行的目的是从高度紧生活中解放出来。张故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：既然休闲、放松和无目的是与城市漫步相关的词汇，那么年轻人对它如此热衷也就不足为奇了。A. creativity创造力；B. efficiency效率；C. speed速度；D. relaxatin放松。根据“Since such wrds as leisure,”和“and purpselessness are assciated with city walk,”可知，年轻人热衷城市漫步是因为其具有休闲、放松和无目的性。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：既然休闲、放松和无目的是与城市漫步相关的词汇，那么年轻人对它如此热衷也就不足为奇了。A. anxius焦虑的；B. particular特别的；C. enthusiastic热情的；D. cautius谨慎的。根据“Since such wrds as leisure, ____11____ and purpselessness are assciated with city walk,”可知，城市漫步具有休闲、放松和无目的的特点，所以年轻人热衷与此。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们还是孩子的时候，45分钟的课程值得10分钟的休息。A. break休息；B. leave离开；C. discussin讨论；D. exercise锻炼。根据“When we were children in schl,”可知，这里指学校课间10分钟的休息。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当我们长大并开始工作时，我们总是想要在自由时间里放松。A. std up站起来；B. grwn up长大；C. teamed up组队；D. shwn up出现。根据“and started wrking hard, we always want t ____15____ freedm in life during free time.”可知，长大后开始工作，总希望在自由时间里放松。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们长大并开始努力工作时，我们总是希望在空闲时间追求生活中的自由。A. escape逃离；B. spread传播；C. restrict限制；D. pursue追求。根据“As we have ____14____ and started wrking hard,”可知，工作时，希望在空闲时间追求生活中的自由。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It’s a race against time. Generatins f cultural heritage cnservatrs at the Dunhuang Academy wrked hard ____36____(preserve)the artistic charm f the Mga Caves, a UNESCO Wrld Heritage Site, despite ersin (侵蚀) by sand and wind.
Over the past three decades, the team members ____37____ (restre) the 45,000 square meters f murals (壁画) and mre than 2,400 painted sculptures f the 735 caves f the site, the cnstructin f ____38____ lasts fr abut a thusand years “Our wrk, repairing murals and painted sculptures, ____39____ (be) t prmte the great Dunhuang spirit f inclusiveness t the wrld and inspires mdern peple,” says Su Bmin, directr f the Dunhuang Academy.
The restrers shuld respect the riginal wrk while ____40____ (repair) it. When they find sme parts f murals missing r fading away, they never repaint them t create ____41____ “perfect” appearance in restratin “Cultural relics are ____42____(witness)f histry,” explains Su “When yu seek the s called perfect lk ____43____ artistic reasns, yu will lse their key meaning.”
Cave cnservatin is abut slving prblems ____44____ (cntinuus) It is a lng term prcess, ver a much _____45_____ (wide) time span that ges beynd ur lifetimes. But at least, they can keep the current lk f the murals fr as lng as pssible.
【答案】36. t preserve
37. have restred
38. which 39. is
40. repairing
41. a 42. witnesses
43. fr 44. cntinuusly
45. wider
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍敦煌莫高窟的文化遗产保护工作，解释了文物保护的重要性、面临的挑战以及如何进行保护和修复。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管受到风沙侵蚀，敦煌研究院的几代文化遗产保护人员努力保护莫高窟的艺术魅力。非谓语动词担当目的状语，用动词不定式形式。故填t preserve。
【37题详解】
考查时态。句意：在过去的三十年里，团队成员已经修复了45000平方米的壁画和2400多座彩雕，这些壁画和彩雕的建造持续了大约一千年。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“ver the past three decades”可知，本句时态为现在完成时。故填have restred。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在过去的三十年里，团队成员已经修复了45000平方米的壁画和2400多座彩雕，这些壁画和彩雕的建造持续了大约一千年。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“the 45,000 square meters f murals(壁画)and mre than 2,400 painted sculptures f the 735 caves f the site”，在定语从句中担当介词f后的宾语，用关系代词which。故填which。
【39题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“我们的工作，修复壁画和彩雕，是为了弘扬伟大的敦煌精神，向世界包容，激励现代人，”敦煌研究院院长苏波民说。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“ur wrk”，单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。
【40题详解】
考查状语从句的省略。句意：修复者在修复时应尊重原作。这里为状语从句的省略，状语从句的主语为主句主语，即“The restrers”，完整形式为“while they are repairing”，可省略为“while repairing”。故填repairing。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：当他们发现壁画的某些部分丢失或褪色时，他们从不重新粉刷，以创造一个“完美”的修复外观。修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词。故填a。
【42题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：“文物是历史的见证，”苏解释说，“当你因为艺术原因而寻求所谓的完美外观时，你将失去其关键意义。”根据空前的“are”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填witnesses。
【43题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：“文物是历史的见证，”苏解释说，“当你因为艺术原因而寻求所谓的完美外观时，你将失去其关键意义。”固定短语：lk fr，意为“寻求”，符合句意。故填fr。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：洞穴保护就是要不断解决问题。修饰动词“slve”用副词形式。故填cntinuusly。
【45题详解】
考查比较级。句意：这是一个长期的过程，时间跨度远超过我们的一生。根据句意以及空前的“much”可推测，空处为形容词比较级形式。故填wider。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，学校计划每周利用一节体育课为学生开设烹饪等与生活技能相关的课程，校英文报正在征求学生意见。请给该报投稿，内容包括：
1.表达观点；
2.陈述理由；
3.提出建议。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Editr,
I’m Li Hua, a student frm Class 9.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Editr,
I’m Li Hua, a student frm Class 9. I think it’s a gd idea fr ur schl t intrduce cking and life skills classes during ne PE class per week. The reasns are as fllws.
T begin with, by learning basic life skills like cking, we students can learn hw t take care f urselves and live independently, which are crucial fr ur future develpment. Besides, learning cking and ther life skills will encurage us t explre and experiment with different ingredients and techniques, allwing us t express urselves and wrk tgether effectively.
My suggestin is that the schl can make use f the after-schl activities t make up fr the reduced PE class. By ffering mre sprts and exercise ptins during this time, students can still engage in physical activities and maintain a balanced lifestyle.
Hpefully, my suggestin will be taken int cnsideratin.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的稿件。要求考生向校英文报投稿，就学校计划每周利用一节体育课为学生开设烹饪等与生活技能相关的课程给出自己的看法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
首先：t begin with→ first f all
照顾：take care f→ lk after
至关重要的：crucial→ critical
此外：besides→ what’s mre
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, learning cking and ther life skills will encurage us t explre and experiment with different ingredients and techniques, allwing us t express urselves and wrk tgether effectively.
拓展句：Besides, learning cking and ther life skills will encurage us t explre and experiment with different ingredients and techniques, which will allw us t express urselves and wrk tgether effectively.
【点睛】【高分句型1】T begin with, by learning basic life skills like cking, we students can learn hw t take care f urselves and live independently, which are crucial fr ur future develpment.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】My suggestin is that the schl can make use f the after-schl activities t make up fr the reduced PE class.（运用了that引导的表语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a Saturday. Whether it was sunny r cludy, ht r cld, I cannt remember, but I d remember it was a Saturday because the mall was full f peple.
I was with my mm. It is easy t miss her in a crwd simply because she is s rdinary. On that day we walked casually, taking quick lks at the stre windws because we bth knew we wuldn’t be buying much, like always.
I remember I was lking up at the peple passing by — at first uninterestedly, but then mre carefully. Ladies wre bright and elegant clthing. They had n wrinkles (皱纹) n their faces ——wiped away with expensive creams. An uneasy feeling started t settle in my chest. I tried t push it ut, but failed. It gt mre unbearable with every secnd until I culd deny it n lnger: I was ashamed f my mther.
We were in a high-class neighbrhd, living in a small, expensive apartment building that Mm chse t mve t because she knew the schls were gd. We were in a high-class neighbrhd, but as I bserved the passers-by and then turned my eyes n Mm, I realized fr the first time that we didn’t belng there. I culd see the wrinkles arund Mm’s eyes and muth, because she didn’t use any creams. She dressed in cheap, wrn-ut clthes. Her eyes were tired frm wrking lng hurs t make a living and her hair t grey fr her age.
I lked at her, feeling ashamed. My mm is nthing extrardinary, yet at that mment she std ut because she was just s plain. Telling her t wait fr me arund the crner, I hurried away t the bathrm and didn’t want t be seen with her. On the way t the bathrm, my eyes culdn’t help falling n beautiful dresses. Each dress seemed like a wrk f art with delicate patterns. Hwever, my heart sank as I knew they were far beynd my reach, further reducing my desire t return.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When I finally went back unwillingly, I fund that Mm wasn’t there.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mm std in a fancy stre, hlding a girl’s dress that lked much t expensive.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】When I finally went back unwillingly, I fund that Mm wasn’t there. I had n chice but t search the nearby stres fr her. As I went frm ne shp t anther, anxiety filled my stmach. The lingering shame cntinued t burden my thughts, whispering negative wrds. Each stre I entered reminded me f my mther’s absence, increasing my grwing fear. The cncerned lks frm ther shppers seemed t match my wn judgment. Why culdn’t she be like ther mthers — plished, and stylish? My unhappiness fr ur differences grew, fueling my annyance. Suddenly, my eyes landed n a high-end stre, and there I finally saw Mm.
Mm std in a fancy stre, hlding a girl’s dress that lked much t expensive. As I apprached her, she exclaimed, “This will lk gd n yu. D yu want it?” I knew it was far t expensive, but I almst agreed, carelessly, and thughtlessly. Then I tk a clser lk at Mm. She was s small and weary, clthes wrn and ld. But a big smile stretched acrss her face, fr she was happy t give me smething s nice. My wrds died in my thrat. She lked s tired all the time because she was busy wrking t prvide fr me. At that mment, Mm was beautiful and extrardinary in my eyes. I was n lnger ashamed f her, but f myself.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者对母亲态度的转变，作者最初对母亲感到羞耻，因为她看起来普通，穿着破旧的衣服。然而，当作者看到母亲在高档商店里为自己挑选裙子时，她意识到母亲虽然平凡，但她的爱和付出是无价的。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当我不情愿地回去时，我发现妈妈已经不在那儿了。”以及第二段首句内容“妈妈站在一家高档商店里，手里拿着一件女孩穿的裙子，看起来太贵了。”可知，第一段可描写作者挨个商店寻找妈妈，心情越发糟糕。
②由第二段首句内容“妈妈站在一家高档商店里，手里拿着一件女孩穿的裙子，看起来太贵了。”可知，第二段可描写作者的妈妈为作者挑了一件漂亮的裙子，作者也明白了妈妈对自己的爱是多么的无私。
2.续写线索：发现妈妈不在身边——找妈妈，心情也越发糟糕——在一家高档商店看到了妈妈——妈妈要为作者买昂贵的裙子——作者明白了妈妈无私的爱
3.词汇激活
行为类
①别无选择，只能……：have n chice but t/have n alternative but t
②继续：cntinue/g n
③增长：grw/increase
情绪类
①担忧的：cncerned/wrried
②生气：annyance/anger
【点睛】【高分句型1】As I went frm ne shp t anther, anxiety filled my stmach.（运用了as引导的状语从句）
【高分句型2】She lked s tired all the time because she was busy wrking t prvide fr me.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句）
注意事项：
1.本试卷共8页，满分 120分，折算成130分计入总分。 考试用时 120分钟。
2.答题前，请将学校、班级、姓名和考号用规定的笔写在答题卡指定的位置上， 并将条形码粘贴在答题卡的贴条形码区。请保持条形码整洁、不污损。
3.本卷试题，考生必须在答题卡上按规定作答; 凡在试卷、草稿纸上作答的，其答案一律无效。答题卡必须保持清洁，不能折叠。
4.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔将答题卡选择题答题区内对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案; 非选择题答案必须用规定的笔，按作答题目的序号，写在答题卡非选择题答题区内。
5.考试结束，请将答题卡交回。
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分 50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Calling All Science Lvers
PacSci is always seeking exceptinally talented peple wh believe deeply in ur missin and reflect ur diverse cmmunity. PacSci ffers a variety f jb pprtunities, frm entry-level psitins t management rles, all with pprtunities t learn, and grw.
Is this yu?
·Intensely curius and mtivated
·Passin fr science and science educatin
·Team player
·Service-riented
Yu might find yurself
·Interpreting exhibits
·Running planetarium(天文馆)shws
·Rwing dwn River Mercer Slugh with summer campers
·Tending t the trpical tree leaves in ur Butterfly Huse
·Managing details fr private event sales
·Making things run smthly behind the scenes
Benefits and bnus
·Exciting lcatin in Seattle Center
·Easy access t public transprtatin(take the Mnrail t wrk!)
·100% emplyer paid medical, dental, and visin benefit ptins
·Apprximately 4 weeks f paid vacatin plus 12 paid hlidays annually
·Annual membership including unlimited admissin and ther great benefits
·Regular pprtunities t learn, grw, and develp new skills acrss departments and prjects
Each PacSci team member plays a vital rle in fulfilling ur missin: t stimulate curisity in every child and fuel a passin fr discvery, experimentatin, and critical thinking in all f us. Jin ur team t help expand access t science, in the Pacific Nrthwest and beynd!
1. What is required f a PacSci member?
A. Prir experience.B. Language skills.
C. Cperative spirit.D. Academic backgrund.
2. Which f the fllwing may be included in the jb respnsibilities at PacSci?
A. Hsting talent shws.
B. Hlding science exhibitins.
C. Planting trpical trees.
D. Accmpanying summer campers.
3. When wrking at PacSci, yu can have ________.
A. unlimited vacatin days
B. self-imprvement pprtunities
C. free public transprtatin
D. discunted annual membership
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章是一则关于PacSci公司的招聘广告，主要介绍了公司提供的各种工作机会和福利，以及公司对员工的期望和要求。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“Is this yu?”部分中的“Team player(团队精神)”可知，拥有团队合作精神是成为PacSci会员需要具备的条件。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“Yu might find yurself”部分中的“Rwing dwn River Mercer Slugh with summer campers(与夏令营者一起划船沿着默瑟斯劳河而下)”可知，选项D“Accmpanying summer campers(陪同夏令营者)”是在PacSci的工作中可能需要承担的职责。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章“Benefits and bnus”部分中的“Regular pprtunities t learn, grw, and develp new skills acrss(定期有机会跨部门和跨项目学习、成长和发展新技能)”可知，在PacSci工作时可以有自我提升的机会。故选B。
B
After the death f her nature-lving mther, Margaret Renkl tenderly placed in an antique jar the “sft white hair” left behind in her mther’s hairbrush. Years passed. When it n lnger carried the scent (气味) she treasured, Renkl laid the hair acrss a tree branch in her yard. This act was meant as a direct invitatin t the birds in her yard, and it was accepted: A bird used the hair fr the nest it was building.
Renkl devtes nly a half-page t this stry, but it cnveys the beautiful interactin f human and ther animal lives at the heart f The Cmfrt f Crws. Starting in winter and cntinuing thrugh the seasnal rund, Renkl brings alive in 52 chapters her lve fr the animals and plants in her half-acre (半英亩) yard in Tennessee and in nearby parks. Equally mving, she admits her desperatin at the human-caused crisis the natural wrld faces, and her determinatin nt t back ff.
Her determinatin is mre than lip service. She cures a neighbrhd fx against a skin disease, with the help f a trap, a bit f bacn, and advice frm an animal dctr; ensures that leaves frm the trees in her yard are nt gathered s that insects verwinter and hungry birds can dine there; fills a garden with milkweed in supprt f mnarch butterflies.
With these steps, Renkl refuses t give up in the face f human-caused glbal warming that is changing ur envirnment and harming ther species. In these days f climate crisis, the phenmenn f eclgical anxiety is real. In rder t seize pprtunities t help, many f us d require fuel t restre ur spirits. Find that fuel in Renkl’s chapters f The Cmfrt f Crws. The animals and plants s cherished by Renkl need us nw mre than ever.
4. What is the central theme f Renkl’s The Cmfrt f Crws?
A. Persnal preference twards cuntry life.B. Fnd memries f clse family members.
C. Prfund disappintment at climate crisis.D. Amazing interactins between man and nature.
5. What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A Renkl’s effrts in prtecting animals.B. Renkl’s service in the neighbrhd.
C. Renkl’s attempts t treat an injured fx.D. Renkl’s determinatin t preserve the yard.
6. What is Renkl’s attitude twards glbal warming?
A. Indifferent yet realistic.B. Cncerned yet active.
C. Pessimistic yet tlerant.D. Regretful yet hpeful.
7. What is the purpse f this text?
A. T intrduce the beauty f rural life.B. T present the daily rutine f Renkl.
C. T recmmend an inspiratinal bk.D. T prvide advice n nature prtectin.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Margaret Renkl写的《乌鸦的安慰》一书，传达了人类和其他动物生活的美好互动。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Renkl devtes nly a half-page t this stry, but it cnveys the beautiful interactin f human and ther animal lives at the heart f The Cmfrt f Crws.(Renkl只用了半页纸来讲述这个故事，但它传达了人类和其他动物生活的美好互动，这是《乌鸦的安慰》的核心)”可知，Renkl的the Cmfrt f Crws的中心主题是人与自然的惊人互动。故选D。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Her determinatin is mre than lip service. She cures a neighbrhd fx against a skin disease, with the help f a trap, a bit f bacn, and advice frm an animal dctr; ensures that leaves frm the trees in her yard are nt gathered s that insects verwinter and hungry birds can dine there; fills a garden with milkweed in supprt f mnarch butterflies.(她的决心不只是说说而已。她用一个陷阱、一点熏肉和一位动物医生的建议，治好了邻居家一只狐狸的皮肤病；确保她院子里的树叶不会被收集起来，这样越冬的昆虫和饥饿的鸟儿就可以在那里吃饭了;在花园里种满马利筋，以支持帝王蝶)”可知，第三段的主要内容是Renkl在保护动物方面的努力。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“With these steps, Renkl refuses t give up in the face f human-caused glbal warming that is changing ur envirnment and harming ther species. In these days f climate crisis, the phenmenn f eclgical anxiety is real. In rder t seize pprtunities t help, many f us d require fuel t restre ur spirits. Find that fuel in Renkl’s chapters f The Cmfrt f Crws. The animals and plants s cherished by Renkl need us nw mre than ever.(面对人类造成的全球变暖正在改变我们的环境并伤害其他物种，Renkl拒绝放弃这些步骤。在气候危机的今天，生态焦虑的现象是真实的。为了抓住机会提供帮助，我们中的许多人确实需要动力来恢复我们的精神。在Renkl的《乌鸦的安慰》章节中找到动力。Renkl珍惜的动物和植物现在比以往任何时候都更需要我们)”可推知，Renkl对全球变暖的态度是担忧的，但是Renkl也指出应该找到动力来保护动植物，体现了积极的一面。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Renkl devtes nly a half-page t this stry, but it cnveys the beautiful interactin f human and ther animal lives at the heart f The Cmfrt f Crws.(Renkl只用了半页纸来讲述这个故事，但它传达了人类和其他动物生活的美好互动，这是《乌鸦的安慰》的核心)”结合文章主要介绍了Margaret Renkl写的《乌鸦的安慰》一书，传达了人类和其他动物生活的美好互动。可推知，这篇文章的目的是推荐一本励志书。故选C。
C
Imagine that yu’ve just finished taking a multiple-chice test, and yu start t secnd-guess ne f yur answers. Yu have sme extra time — shuld yu stick t yur first instinct (直觉) r change it? Abut three quarters f students are cnvinced that changing their answers will hurt their scres. Experience indicates that many wh change answers change t the wrng answer.
Despite the lessns f experience, what des evidence say? In a review f thirty-three studies, three psychlgists fund that the majrity f answer changes were frm wrng t right. Teachers have als fund that students’ final exams have few eraser marks, but thse wh d rethink their first answers rather than sticking t them end up imprving their scres. This phenmenn is knwn as the first instinct fallacy (谬误).
We dn’t just hesitate t rethink ur answers. We hesitate at the very idea f rethinking. Take an experiment where hundreds f cllege students learned abut the first instinct fallacy fr example. Researchers taught them abut the value f changing their minds and gave them advice n when it makes sense t d s. In their next tw tests, they were still unlikely t change their answers.
Part f the prblem is cgnitive (认知的) laziness. Psychlgists pint ut that we favr the cmfrt f firmly-held beliefs ver the discmfrt f dubt. Questining urselves makes the wrld mre unpredictable. It requires us t admit that the facts may have changed, and that what was nce right may nw be wrng.
We’ve all heard abut the ppular stry where a frg wuld immediately escape if drpped int biling ht water, but it wuld stay if the water was gradually heated. Hwever, it isn’t true.
The frg will escape as sn as the water gets uncmfrtably warm. It is just nce we hear the stry and accept it as true, we rarely bther t questin it. S, it’s nt s much changing yur answer that imprves yur scre as cnsidering whether yu shuld change it.
8. What is a cmmn belief amng students when they take tests?
A. Changing answers is a risk.
B. First instinct harms their scres.
C. Reviewing answers is a must.
D. Secnd-guessing imprves their scres.
9 What might cllege students be taught cncerning the first instinct fallacy?
A. Changing ne’s mind hurts.
B. First instinct shuld be ignred.
C. Seeking thers’ advice helps.
D. First answers can be challenged.
10. Why des the authr mentin the stry f a frg?
A. T raise questins abut the stry.
B. T stress the imprtance f escaping.
C. T cnvey the frg’s lessn f survival.
D. T illustrate ur resistance t questining.
11. What is a suitable title fr the text?
A. Rethinking: the Art f Dubt
B. First Instinct is Nt t Be Trusted
C Changing: Frm Right t Wrng
D. Changing Answers Imprves Scres
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，尽管许多人认为改变答案会降低分数，但研究表明，重新思考答案往往能提高成绩。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Imagine that yu’ve just finished taking a multiple-chice test, and yu start t secnd-guess ne f yur answers. Yu have sme extra time — shuld yu stick t yur first instinct (直觉) r change it? Abut three quarters f students are cnvinced that changing their answers will hurt their scres. Experience indicates that many wh change answers change t the wrng answer.(想象一下，你刚刚完成了一次多项选择题测试，你开始猜测其中一个答案。你有一些额外的时间——你应该坚持你的第一直觉还是改变它？大约四分之三的学生相信改变答案会影响他们的分数。经验表明，许多改变答案的人得到的是错误的答案。)”可知，当学生参加考试时，大多数学生都认为改变答案会影响他们的分数，而且许多改变答案的人得到的是错误的答案。由此可推测，学生认为改变答案是有风险的。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Teachers have als fund that students’ final exams have few eraser marks, but thse wh d rethink their first answers rather than sticking t them end up imprving their scres. This phenmenn is knwn as the first instinct fallacy (谬误).(老师们还发现，学生的期末考试很少有橡皮擦标记，但那些重新思考自己的第一个答案而不是坚持的学生最终会提高他们的分数。这种现象被称为第一本能谬论。)”可知，重新思考自己的第一个答案而不是坚持的学生最终会提高他们的分数，也就是说第一个答案未必就是正确的，是可以质疑的。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The frg will escape as sn as the water gets uncmfrtably warm. It is just nce we hear the stry and accept it as true, we rarely bther t questin it.(一旦水变暖，青蛙就会逃跑。只是一旦我们听到这个故事并接受它是真的，我们就很少费心去质疑它。)”可知，作者提到青蛙的故事是为了说明我们从心理上就抵抗质疑。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“We dn’t just hesitate t rethink ur answers. We hesitate at the very idea f rethinking.(我们在重新思考答案时不会犹豫。我们对重新思考的想法犹豫不决。)”以及文章第四段“Part f the prblem is cgnitive (认知的) laziness. Psychlgists pint ut that we favr the cmfrt f firmly-held beliefs ver the discmfrt f dubt. Questining urselves makes the wrld mre unpredictable. It requires us t admit that the facts may have changed, and that what was nce right may nw be wrng.(部分问题在于认知上的懒惰。心理学家指出，我们更喜欢坚定信念带来的舒适感，而不是怀疑带来的不适。质疑自己会让世界变得更加不可预测。它要求我们承认事实可能已经改变，曾经正确的东西现在可能是错误的。)”可知，文章主要讲述的是重新思考是有意义的，故A选项（反思:怀疑的艺术）适合作为标题。故选A。
D
When yu eagerly dig int a lng-awaited dinner, it’s traditinally believed that signals frm yur stmach t yur brain stp yu eating s much. Hwever, a research team recently discvered that it’s ur sense f taste that immediately pulls us back frm eating fd verly n a hungry day. Stimulated by the perceptin f flavr, a set f brain cells becme active t quickly curtail fd intake.
Previus studies have suggested that the fd taste may cntrl hw fast we eat, but it’s been impssible t study relevant brain activities during eating because brain cells that cntrl this prcess are lcated deep in ur brains, making them hard t access r recrd in an awake animal. New techniques develped by the team allwed fr the first-ever imaging and recrding f a brainstem structure critical fr feeling full, called NTS, in an active muse.
The new study fund that when researchers put fd directly int the muse’s stmach, brain cells called PRLH were activated by signals frm the gut (消化道), in line with traditinal thinking. Hwever, when they allwed the mice t eat the fd as they nrmally wuld, thse signals frm the gut didn’t shw up. Instead, the PRLH brain cells switched t a new activity pattern that was entirely cntrlled by signals frm the muth. “It’s astnishing that these cells were activated by the perceptin f taste,” said researchers. “It shws that there are ther cmpnents f the appetite-cntrl system that deserves ur attentin.”
The PRLH-activated slwdwn als makes sense in terms f timing. The taste f fd allws PRLH t switch their activity in secnds. In cntrast, anther grup f brain cells, called CGC, takes several minutes t respnd t signals frm the gut. The gd thing is that CGC can hld back hunger fr a much lnger time. These tw sets f brain cells interact t wrk tgether: ne uses taste t slw dwn eating, while the ther signals that yu are full.
Understanding hw bdy signals regulate appetite culd imprve weight-lss prgrams fr the verweight by making use f interactins between signals frm different brain cell sets.
12. What des the underline wrd “curtail” in paragraph 1 prbably mean?
A. Activate.B. Limit.C. Expand.D. Assist.
13. What is the limitatin f previus studies accrding t paragraph 2?
A. Inadequate technlgies.
B. Inefficient funds.
C. Unqualified prfessinals.
D. Imprper methds.
14. What did the new study find abut PRLH brain cells when the mice nrmally ate?
A. They helped stimulate the mice’s appetite.
B They encuraged the mice t speed up eating.
C. They were activated by signals frm the muth.
D. They were cntrlled by signals frm the stmach.
15. What is the functin f CGC brain cells?
A. T slw dwn eating speed.
B. T imprve the digestin system.
C. T extend the feeling f fullness.
D. T interact with signals frm taste.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现，该研究表明，脑细胞PRLH在接收到来自口腔的信号时会迅速改变其活动模式，而另一组脑细胞CGC则需要几分钟才能对来自肠道的信号作出反应。这两种脑细胞相互作用，共同调节食欲。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词上一句“a research team recently discvered that it’s ur sense f taste that immediately pulls us back frm eating fd verly n a hungry day.(一个研究小组最近发现，在饥饿的日子里，我们的味觉会立即把我们从过度进食中拉回来。)”可知，味觉可以阻止我们过度进食。由此可推测，划线单词指的是“减少”食物的摄入。选项A“Activate (激活)”；选项B“Limit (限制)”；选项C“Expand (扩展)”；选项D“Assist (协助)”。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Previus studies have suggested that the fd taste may cntrl hw fast we eat, but it’s been impssible t study relevant brain activities during eating because brain cells that cntrl this prcess are lcated deep in ur brains, making them hard t access r recrd in an awake animal. New techniques develped by the team allwed fr the first-ever imaging and recrding f a brainstem structure critical fr feeling full, called NTS, in an active muse.(之前的研究表明，食物的味道可能会控制我们吃东西的速度，但研究进食过程中相关的大脑活动是不可能的，因为控制这一过程的脑细胞位于我们大脑的深处，很难在清醒的动物身上获得或记录它们。研究小组开发的新技术首次对活动小鼠的脑干结构NTS进行了成像和记录，该结构对饱腹感至关重要。)”中的“new techniques”可推测，以前的研究的局限性是因为技术不足。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Hwever, when they allwed the mice t eat the fd as they nrmally wuld, thse signals frm the gut didn’t shw up. Instead, the PRLH brain cells switched t a new activity pattern that was entirely cntrlled by signals frm the muth. “It’s astnishing that these cells were activated by the perceptin f taste,” said researchers. “It shws that there are ther cmpnents f the appetite-cntrl system that deserves ur attentin.”(然而，当他们让老鼠像往常一样吃这些食物时，这些来自肠道的信号就没有出现。相反，PRLH脑细胞切换到一种完全由口腔信号控制的新活动模式。研究人员说：“令人惊讶的是，这些细胞被味觉激活了。”“这表明食欲控制系统中还有其他组成部分值得我们关注。”)”可知，当老鼠正常进食时，PRLH脑细胞切换到一种完全由口腔信号控制的新活动模式，也就是说这些细胞被味觉激活了。故选C。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The gd thing is that CGC can hld back hunger fr a much lnger time.(好消息是，CGC可以在更长的时间内抑制饥饿。)”可知，CGC脑细胞可以长时间抑制饥饿，也就是可以延长饱腹感。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Yu knw the scene: A child runs dwnstairs in pajamas t unwrap her hliday presents and sheds jyful tears as she hugs a new puppy rescued frm a shelter. The music builds up, hearts duble in size and faith in humanity is restred. ____16____ Befre taking that step, there are a few things t cnsider.
First is the element f surprise. The timing culd be a surprise, but the animal shuld abslutely nt be a surprise. The decisin shuld be based n many cnversatins. Everyne invlved shuld understand the lng term cnsequences, children included.____17____
Next, yu’ll chse whether t adpt frm a shelter r rescue. ____18____ The y are acrss the cuntry flded with lvable animals. They als ffer physical lcatins where yu can meet a lt f animals at nce. On the ther hand, rescues are smaller and funded by dnatins. They ften rely n fsters t huse animals.
____19____Applicatins and their prcessing times vary and can include tasks like prving that yur landlrd allws pets. Check t see if applying nline is pssible. If yu’re applying in persn, make sure yu knw what t bring.
If yu’re wrried abut the huge respnsibility f chsing the pet fr yur child, yu can wrap a leash (牵引绳)r a pet bag as the gift, and then take the future pet wner t the shelter. ____20____ This step will be mre meaningful and memrable than just having an animal shw up at yur dr.
A. Nw, yu can welcme the lvely ne with pen arms.
B. Nthing is mre beautiful than seeing yur child smile.
C. Shelters tend t be larger and quicker t prcess applicatins.
D. Whichever yu chse, apply and becme apprved as an adpter first.
E. While it is sweet, giving a living creature as a gift isn’t a light decisin.
F. Invlving yur child in the selectin prcess adds t the whle experience.
G. Respnsibilities can be assigned t them even befre their new pet arrives.
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. C 19. D 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在收养宠物的时候我们需要考虑的几件事。
【16题详解】
根据空前内容“Yu knw the scene: A child runs dwnstairs in pajamas t unwrap her hliday presents and sheds jyful tears as she hugs a new puppy rescued frm a shelter. The music builds up, hearts duble in size and faith in humanity is restred.(你一定见过这样的场景：一个孩子穿着睡衣跑下楼打开节日礼物的包装，抱着一只从收容所救出来的小狗，流下了快乐的眼泪。音乐响起，人心倍增，对人性的信心得以恢复。)”可知，上文描述了收养一只小狗的美好场景。选项E“While it is sweet, giving a living creature as a gift isn’t a light decisin.(虽然这很甜蜜，但送一个生物作为礼物并不是一个轻松的决定。)”延续上文内容，指出这一场景非常的甜蜜，同时引出下文指出收养小狗并不轻松。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据上文内容“The timing culd be a surprise, but the animal shuld abslutely nt be a surprise. The decisin shuld be based n many cnversatins. Everyne invlved shuld understand the lng term cnsequences, children included.(时机可能会让人感到意外，但动物绝对不应该让人感到意外。这个决定应该建立在多次谈话的基础上。包括儿童在内的所有相关人员都应该了解长期后果。)”可知，在领养动物前，家庭成员都应该了解领养动物的责任所在。选项G“Respnsibilities can be assigned t them even befre their new pet arrives.(甚至在他们的新宠物到来之前，责任就已经分配给他们了。)”延续上文内容，指的是在动物到家之前，每个人都已经了解了自己的责任。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据空前“Next, yu’ll chse whether t adpt frm a shelter r rescue.(接下来，你要选择从收容所收养还是从救援机构收养。)”可知，我们需要确定收容所收养还是从救援机构收养。而下文“On the ther hand, rescues are smaller and funded by dnatins. They ften rely n fsters t huse animals.(另一方面，救援机构规模较小，资金来自捐赠。他们经常依靠饲养员来饲养动物。)”介绍的是救援机构的动物。由此可知，空处指的是收容所的情况。选项C“Shelters tend t be larger and quicker t prcess applicatins.(收容所往往更大，处理申请的速度也更快。)”与上下文内容相符。故选C。
【19题详解】
空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“Applicatins and their prcessing times vary and can include tasks like prving that yur landlrd allws pets. Check t see if applying nline is pssible. If yu’re applying in persn, make sure yu knw what t bring.(申请及其处理时间各不相同，可能包括证明房东允许养宠物之类的任务。检查一下是否可以在网上申请。如果你是亲自申请，确保你知道要带什么。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是我们要申请成为收养人。选项D“Whichever yu chse, apply and becme apprved as an adpter first.(无论你选择哪一种，首先申请并被批准为收养人。)”与下文内容相一致，指的是我们应该申请成为收养人。故选D。
【20题详解】
根据上文“If yu’re wrried abut the huge respnsibility f chsing the pet fr yur child, yu can wrap a leash (牵引绳)r a pet bag as the gift, and then take the future pet wner t the shelter.(如果你担心为孩子选择宠物的责任巨大，你可以用牵引绳或宠物袋作为礼物，然后带未来的宠物主人去收容所。)”可知，作者建议可以让孩子参与收养动物的过程。选项F“Invlving yur child in the selectin prcess adds t the whle experience.(让你的孩子参与到选择过程中会增加整个体验。)”与上文内容相符，指的是让孩子参与收养动物的过程。故选F。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
City walk gains ppularity amng yung Chinese. Different frm the fast-paced “special frces style” (特种部队式) turism, city walk is ____21____ and nt very purpseful.
T a certain extent, “special frces style” turism is just a(n) ____22____ f regular travel, where yung peple spend 24 hurs in a city with the same travel guides and check-in list. By cmparisn, city walk allws peple t explre a city ____23____ withut deliberately jining the ____24____ at ppular turist spts r waiting in ____25____ lines utside ppular restaurants fr hurs. Peple ____26____ the past and present f a city as a lcal resident. After all, time is nt ____27____ and the need fr travel is nt s pressing any mre.
While “special frces style” turists ____28____ fast pace and purpsefulness, city walkers are cmpletely slw and free. What really matters is ____29____ wandering. Peple expect that a trip frees themselves frm high _____30_____ and repetitive daily life. Since such wrds as leisure, _____31_____ and purpselessness are assciated with city walk, it seems nt difficult t understand why yung peple are _____32_____ abut it.
When we were children in schl, 45 minutes f class was wrth a 10 minute _____33_____. As we have _____34_____ and started wrking hard, we always want t _____35_____ freedm in life during free time. City walk is a path where we can freely chse, plan, and explre.
21. A. cstlyB. leisurelyC. briefD. nrmal
22. A. innvatinB. lessnC. repetitinD. secret
23. A. eagerlyB. rapidlyC. freelyD. precisely
24. A. sellersB. crwdsC. audiencesD. hsts
25 A. quietB. straightC. frmalD. lng
26. A. discverB. develpC. rememberD. determine
27. A. abundantB. uniqueC. preciusD. urgent
28. A. ignreB. understandC. emphasizeD. explain
29. A. aimlessB. ccasinalC. individualD. meaningless
30. A. reputatinB. tensinC. expectatinD. recgnitin
31. A. creativityB. efficiencyC. speedD. relaxatin
32. A. anxiusB. particularC. enthusiasticD. cautius
33. A. breakB. leaveC. discussinD. exercise
34. A. std upB. grwn upC. teamed upD. shwn up
35. A. escapeB. spreadC. restrictD. pursue
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了城市漫步在年轻中国人中越来越流行的现象，并将其与“特种兵式”旅游进行了对比。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与快节奏的“特种兵式”旅游不同，城市漫步是悠闲的，不太有目的性。A. cstly昂贵的；B. leisurely悠闲的；C. brief简短的；D. nrmal正常的。根据“While “special frces style” turists ____8____ fast pace and purpsefulness, city walkers are cmpletely slw and free. What really matters is ____9____ wandering.”可知，城市漫步是悠闲的。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在某种程度上，“特种兵式”旅游只是常规旅行的一种重复，年轻人在一个城市花 24 小时使用相同的旅行指南和入住清单。A. innvatin创新；B. lessn课程；C. repetitin重复；D. secret秘密。根据“where yung peple spend 24 hurs in a city with the same travel guides and check-in list.”可知，年轻人在一个城市花 24 小时，使用同样的旅行指南和入住清单，这是常规旅行的一种重复。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：相比之下，城市漫步可以让人们自由地探索一个城市，而不必刻意在热门旅游景点加入人群，也不必在热门餐厅外排几个小时的长队。A. eagerly急切地；B. rapidly迅速地；C. freely自由地；D. precisely精确地。根据“withut deliberately jining the ____4____ at ppular turist spts r waiting in ____5____ lines utside ppular restaurants fr hurs.”可知，城市漫步可以让人们自由地探索一个城市。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：相比之下，城市漫步可以让人们自由地探索一个城市，而不必刻意在热门旅游景点加入人群，也不必在热门餐厅外排几个小时的长队。A. seller卖家；B. crwds人群；C. audiences观众；D. hsts主人。根据“at ppular turist spts r waiting in ____5____ lines utside ppular restaurants fr hurs.”可知，此处是指加入在热门旅游景点或在热门餐厅外排长队的人群。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相比之下，城市漫步可以让人们自由地探索一个城市，而不必刻意在热门旅游景点加入人群，也不必在热门餐厅外排几个小时的长队。A. quiet安静的；B. straight直的；C. frmal正式的；D. lng长的。根据“lines utside ppular restaurants fr hurs.”和常识可知，热门餐厅外往往都排着长队。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为当地居民，人们发现一个城市的过去和现在。A. discver发现；B. develp发展；C. remember记得；D. determine决定。根据“as a lcal resident.”可知，城市漫步让旅行者作为一个当地居民，去发现一个城市的过去和现在。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，时间并不紧迫，旅行的需要也不再那么紧迫了。A. abundant充足的；B. unique独特的；C. precius珍贵的；D. urgent紧急的。根据“and the need fr travel is nt s pressing any mre.”可知，作为当地居民，旅行的时间并不紧迫。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“特种兵式”的游客强调快节奏和目的性，而城市漫步者则完全是缓慢而自由的。A. ignre忽视；B. understand理解；C. emphasize强调；D. explain解释。while表示对比，根据“city walkers are cmpletely slw and free.”可知，“特种兵式”旅游的游客强调旅游的快节奏和目的性。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：真正重要的是漫无目的的闲逛。A. aimless无目的的；B. ccasinal偶尔的；C. individual个人的；D. meaningless无意义的。根据“city walkers are cmpletely slw and free.”可知，城市漫步的游客完全是自由和无目的的。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们期望通过旅行将自己从高度紧张和重复的日常生活中解放出来。A. reputatin名声；B. tensin紧张；C. expectatin期待；D. recgnitin 识别。根据“and repetitive daily life.”可知，人们旅行的目的是从高度紧生活中解放出来。张故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：既然休闲、放松和无目的是与城市漫步相关的词汇，那么年轻人对它如此热衷也就不足为奇了。A. creativity创造力；B. efficiency效率；C. speed速度；D. relaxatin放松。根据“Since such wrds as leisure,”和“and purpselessness are assciated with city walk,”可知，年轻人热衷城市漫步是因为其具有休闲、放松和无目的性。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：既然休闲、放松和无目的是与城市漫步相关的词汇，那么年轻人对它如此热衷也就不足为奇了。A. anxius焦虑的；B. particular特别的；C. enthusiastic热情的；D. cautius谨慎的。根据“Since such wrds as leisure, ____11____ and purpselessness are assciated with city walk,”可知，城市漫步具有休闲、放松和无目的的特点，所以年轻人热衷与此。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们还是孩子的时候，45分钟的课程值得10分钟的休息。A. break休息；B. leave离开；C. discussin讨论；D. exercise锻炼。根据“When we were children in schl,”可知，这里指学校课间10分钟的休息。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当我们长大并开始工作时，我们总是想要在自由时间里放松。A. std up站起来；B. grwn up长大；C. teamed up组队；D. shwn up出现。根据“and started wrking hard, we always want t ____15____ freedm in life during free time.”可知，长大后开始工作，总希望在自由时间里放松。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们长大并开始努力工作时，我们总是希望在空闲时间追求生活中的自由。A. escape逃离；B. spread传播；C. restrict限制；D. pursue追求。根据“As we have ____14____ and started wrking hard,”可知，工作时，希望在空闲时间追求生活中的自由。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It’s a race against time. Generatins f cultural heritage cnservatrs at the Dunhuang Academy wrked hard ____36____(preserve)the artistic charm f the Mga Caves, a UNESCO Wrld Heritage Site, despite ersin (侵蚀) by sand and wind.
Over the past three decades, the team members ____37____ (restre) the 45,000 square meters f murals (壁画) and mre than 2,400 painted sculptures f the 735 caves f the site, the cnstructin f ____38____ lasts fr abut a thusand years “Our wrk, repairing murals and painted sculptures, ____39____ (be) t prmte the great Dunhuang spirit f inclusiveness t the wrld and inspires mdern peple,” says Su Bmin, directr f the Dunhuang Academy.
The restrers shuld respect the riginal wrk while ____40____ (repair) it. When they find sme parts f murals missing r fading away, they never repaint them t create ____41____ “perfect” appearance in restratin “Cultural relics are ____42____(witness)f histry,” explains Su “When yu seek the s called perfect lk ____43____ artistic reasns, yu will lse their key meaning.”
Cave cnservatin is abut slving prblems ____44____ (cntinuus) It is a lng term prcess, ver a much _____45_____ (wide) time span that ges beynd ur lifetimes. But at least, they can keep the current lk f the murals fr as lng as pssible.
【答案】36. t preserve
37. have restred
38. which 39. is
40. repairing
41. a 42. witnesses
43. fr 44. cntinuusly
45. wider
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍敦煌莫高窟的文化遗产保护工作，解释了文物保护的重要性、面临的挑战以及如何进行保护和修复。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管受到风沙侵蚀，敦煌研究院的几代文化遗产保护人员努力保护莫高窟的艺术魅力。非谓语动词担当目的状语，用动词不定式形式。故填t preserve。
【37题详解】
考查时态。句意：在过去的三十年里，团队成员已经修复了45000平方米的壁画和2400多座彩雕，这些壁画和彩雕的建造持续了大约一千年。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“ver the past three decades”可知，本句时态为现在完成时。故填have restred。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在过去的三十年里，团队成员已经修复了45000平方米的壁画和2400多座彩雕，这些壁画和彩雕的建造持续了大约一千年。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“the 45,000 square meters f murals(壁画)and mre than 2,400 painted sculptures f the 735 caves f the site”，在定语从句中担当介词f后的宾语，用关系代词which。故填which。
【39题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“我们的工作，修复壁画和彩雕，是为了弘扬伟大的敦煌精神，向世界包容，激励现代人，”敦煌研究院院长苏波民说。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“ur wrk”，单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。
【40题详解】
考查状语从句的省略。句意：修复者在修复时应尊重原作。这里为状语从句的省略，状语从句的主语为主句主语，即“The restrers”，完整形式为“while they are repairing”，可省略为“while repairing”。故填repairing。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：当他们发现壁画的某些部分丢失或褪色时，他们从不重新粉刷，以创造一个“完美”的修复外观。修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词。故填a。
【42题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：“文物是历史的见证，”苏解释说，“当你因为艺术原因而寻求所谓的完美外观时，你将失去其关键意义。”根据空前的“are”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填witnesses。
【43题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：“文物是历史的见证，”苏解释说，“当你因为艺术原因而寻求所谓的完美外观时，你将失去其关键意义。”固定短语：lk fr，意为“寻求”，符合句意。故填fr。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：洞穴保护就是要不断解决问题。修饰动词“slve”用副词形式。故填cntinuusly。
【45题详解】
考查比较级。句意：这是一个长期的过程，时间跨度远超过我们的一生。根据句意以及空前的“much”可推测，空处为形容词比较级形式。故填wider。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，学校计划每周利用一节体育课为学生开设烹饪等与生活技能相关的课程，校英文报正在征求学生意见。请给该报投稿，内容包括：
1.表达观点；
2.陈述理由；
3.提出建议。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Editr,
I’m Li Hua, a student frm Class 9.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Editr,
I’m Li Hua, a student frm Class 9. I think it’s a gd idea fr ur schl t intrduce cking and life skills classes during ne PE class per week. The reasns are as fllws.
T begin with, by learning basic life skills like cking, we students can learn hw t take care f urselves and live independently, which are crucial fr ur future develpment. Besides, learning cking and ther life skills will encurage us t explre and experiment with different ingredients and techniques, allwing us t express urselves and wrk tgether effectively.
My suggestin is that the schl can make use f the after-schl activities t make up fr the reduced PE class. By ffering mre sprts and exercise ptins during this time, students can still engage in physical activities and maintain a balanced lifestyle.
Hpefully, my suggestin will be taken int cnsideratin.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的稿件。要求考生向校英文报投稿，就学校计划每周利用一节体育课为学生开设烹饪等与生活技能相关的课程给出自己的看法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
首先：t begin with→ first f all
照顾：take care f→ lk after
至关重要的：crucial→ critical
此外：besides→ what’s mre
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, learning cking and ther life skills will encurage us t explre and experiment with different ingredients and techniques, allwing us t express urselves and wrk tgether effectively.
拓展句：Besides, learning cking and ther life skills will encurage us t explre and experiment with different ingredients and techniques, which will allw us t express urselves and wrk tgether effectively.
【点睛】【高分句型1】T begin with, by learning basic life skills like cking, we students can learn hw t take care f urselves and live independently, which are crucial fr ur future develpment.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】My suggestin is that the schl can make use f the after-schl activities t make up fr the reduced PE class.（运用了that引导的表语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a Saturday. Whether it was sunny r cludy, ht r cld, I cannt remember, but I d remember it was a Saturday because the mall was full f peple.
I was with my mm. It is easy t miss her in a crwd simply because she is s rdinary. On that day we walked casually, taking quick lks at the stre windws because we bth knew we wuldn’t be buying much, like always.
I remember I was lking up at the peple passing by — at first uninterestedly, but then mre carefully. Ladies wre bright and elegant clthing. They had n wrinkles (皱纹) n their faces ——wiped away with expensive creams. An uneasy feeling started t settle in my chest. I tried t push it ut, but failed. It gt mre unbearable with every secnd until I culd deny it n lnger: I was ashamed f my mther.
We were in a high-class neighbrhd, living in a small, expensive apartment building that Mm chse t mve t because she knew the schls were gd. We were in a high-class neighbrhd, but as I bserved the passers-by and then turned my eyes n Mm, I realized fr the first time that we didn’t belng there. I culd see the wrinkles arund Mm’s eyes and muth, because she didn’t use any creams. She dressed in cheap, wrn-ut clthes. Her eyes were tired frm wrking lng hurs t make a living and her hair t grey fr her age.
I lked at her, feeling ashamed. My mm is nthing extrardinary, yet at that mment she std ut because she was just s plain. Telling her t wait fr me arund the crner, I hurried away t the bathrm and didn’t want t be seen with her. On the way t the bathrm, my eyes culdn’t help falling n beautiful dresses. Each dress seemed like a wrk f art with delicate patterns. Hwever, my heart sank as I knew they were far beynd my reach, further reducing my desire t return.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When I finally went back unwillingly, I fund that Mm wasn’t there.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mm std in a fancy stre, hlding a girl’s dress that lked much t expensive.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】When I finally went back unwillingly, I fund that Mm wasn’t there. I had n chice but t search the nearby stres fr her. As I went frm ne shp t anther, anxiety filled my stmach. The lingering shame cntinued t burden my thughts, whispering negative wrds. Each stre I entered reminded me f my mther’s absence, increasing my grwing fear. The cncerned lks frm ther shppers seemed t match my wn judgment. Why culdn’t she be like ther mthers — plished, and stylish? My unhappiness fr ur differences grew, fueling my annyance. Suddenly, my eyes landed n a high-end stre, and there I finally saw Mm.
Mm std in a fancy stre, hlding a girl’s dress that lked much t expensive. As I apprached her, she exclaimed, “This will lk gd n yu. D yu want it?” I knew it was far t expensive, but I almst agreed, carelessly, and thughtlessly. Then I tk a clser lk at Mm. She was s small and weary, clthes wrn and ld. But a big smile stretched acrss her face, fr she was happy t give me smething s nice. My wrds died in my thrat. She lked s tired all the time because she was busy wrking t prvide fr me. At that mment, Mm was beautiful and extrardinary in my eyes. I was n lnger ashamed f her, but f myself.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者对母亲态度的转变，作者最初对母亲感到羞耻，因为她看起来普通，穿着破旧的衣服。然而，当作者看到母亲在高档商店里为自己挑选裙子时，她意识到母亲虽然平凡，但她的爱和付出是无价的。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当我不情愿地回去时，我发现妈妈已经不在那儿了。”以及第二段首句内容“妈妈站在一家高档商店里，手里拿着一件女孩穿的裙子，看起来太贵了。”可知，第一段可描写作者挨个商店寻找妈妈，心情越发糟糕。
②由第二段首句内容“妈妈站在一家高档商店里，手里拿着一件女孩穿的裙子，看起来太贵了。”可知，第二段可描写作者的妈妈为作者挑了一件漂亮的裙子，作者也明白了妈妈对自己的爱是多么的无私。
2.续写线索：发现妈妈不在身边——找妈妈，心情也越发糟糕——在一家高档商店看到了妈妈——妈妈要为作者买昂贵的裙子——作者明白了妈妈无私的爱
3.词汇激活
行为类
①别无选择，只能……：have n chice but t/have n alternative but t
②继续：cntinue/g n
③增长：grw/increase
情绪类
①担忧的：cncerned/wrried
②生气：annyance/anger
【点睛】【高分句型1】As I went frm ne shp t anther, anxiety filled my stmach.（运用了as引导的状语从句）
【高分句型2】She lked s tired all the time because she was busy wrking t prvide fr me.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句）
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