2024年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试适应性测试（九省联考）英语试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份2024年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试适应性测试（九省联考）英语试题（Word版附解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了 15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
英语
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的考生号、姓名、考点学校、考场号及座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分 7. 5分)
听下面5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15.
答案是C。
1. What will Chris d next?
A. Drink sme cffee. B. Watch the Wrld Cup. C. G t sleep.
2. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Strangers. B. Classmates. C. Relatives.
3. What is the wman’s attitude t the man’s suggestin?
A. Favrable. B. Tlerant. C. Negative.
4. What can we learn abut Tm?
A. He’s smart fr his age. B. He’s unwilling t study. C. He’s difficult t get alng with.
5. What did Kevin d yesterday?
A. He went swimming. B. He cleaned up his huse. C. He talked with his grandparents.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5 分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;完后，各小题给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Wh is arranging the meeting?
A. Peter. B. David. C. Janet.
7. When des the man prefer t have the meeting?
A. This Wednesday. B. This Friday. C. Next Mnday.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. Travel experiences. B. Vacatin plans. C. Favrite seasns.
9. What des the man want t d?
A. G t the beach. B. Find a summer jb. C. Mve t Washingtn.
听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。
10. What des the news say abut big nline spenders in the US?
A. The number f them grws slwly.
B. There are mre men than wmen.
C. They make up half f all shppers.
11. Hw much did Americans spend shpping nline last year?
A. $453 billin. B. $990 billin. C. $1, 500 billin.
12. What did Gerge buy nline last Sunday?
A. An adventure nvel. B. A sftware package. C. A nte by Mark Twain.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What has Richard been ding?
A. Visiting a museum. B. Watching TV. C. Studying.
14. Why des Susan call Richard?
A. T ask fr help. B. T give thanks. C. T make an appintment.
15. What des Susan want t d?
A. See an exhibitin. B. Buy a new cell phne. C. Take pictures f the snw.
16. What will the speakers prbably d?
A. G t a park. B. Play ftball. C. Attend a party.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Where did the speaker learn abut cllege?
A. Frm the mvies. B. Frm her family. C. Frm the bks.
18. What helped change the speaker’s attitude twards study?
A. Her prfessr’s advice. B. Her graduate prgram. C. Her trip t Africa.
19. Hw des the speaker feel when she talks abut her past experiences?
A. Regretful. B. Relieved. C. Grateful.
20. Wh is the speaker prbably talking t?
A. Cnservatin wrkers. B. High schl students. C. Cllege teachers.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分 37. 5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Yellwstne Pster Exhibitin t Be n View at UW’s Ce Library
A first-f-its-kind exhibitin that fcuses n the histry f Yellwstne Natinal Park psters will be n display at the University f Wyming’s Ce Library beginning Tuesday, February 1.
“Wnderland Illustrated” will present psters and pster-style illustratins f the park spanning frm the 1870s thrugh 2022. The exhibitin will be lcated n Level 3 f Ce Library. It will be n view thrugh Tuesday, May 31.
The exhibitin takes place at the same time as this year’s 150th anniversary f the creatin f Yellwstne Natinal Park. The psters in the exhibitin serve the purpse f bth advertising and art.
“We’re thrilled t be wrking with Yellwstne cllectrs Jack and Susan Davís, and Larry and Thea Lancaster t bring this exhibitin t the University f Wyming as part f year-lng celebratins recgnizing Yellwstne’s 150th anniversary,” says Tamsen Hert, head f UW Libraries’ Emmett D. Chisum Special Cllectins. “This exhibitin invlves the histry f printing, art, phtgraphy and advertising ver 16 decades. The images reprduced are fund n travel brchures, pstcards and maps—many f which are held in ur cllectins.”
One pster frm the exhibitin—Henry Wellge’s “Yellwstne Natinal Park” frm1904—was recently purchased with dnated funds and is nw part f UW Libraries’ Emmett D. Chisum Special Cllectins. Wellge, a prductive bird’s-eye-view artist, designed the piece fr the Nrthern Pacific Railrad, which used it t advertise the park. This is a unique piece, as psters such as this ne were printed n sft paper and very few have survived.
1. Hw lng will the exhibitin “Wnderland Illustrated” last?
A. Tw weeks.B. Three mnths.C. Fur mnths.D. One year.
2. What is a purpse f the exhibitin?
A. T remember a famus artist.B. T raise fund fr Ce Library.
C. T mark the anniversary f a natinal park.D. T tell the histry f the University f Wyming.
3. What d we knw abut the 1904 pster Henry Wellge designed?
A. It is rare in the wrld.B. It is in black and white.
C. It is printed n clth.D. It is wned by a prfessr.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了黄石海报展览的时间安排以及特色等信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“A first-f-its-kind exhibitin that fcuses n the histry f Yellwstne Natinal Park psters will be n display at the University f Wyming’s Ce Library beginning Tuesday, February 1. (从2月1日星期二开始，怀俄明大学科图书馆将举办一场首次以黄石国家公园历史海报为主题的展览)”以及第二段“It will be n view thrugh Tuesday, May 31.(展览将持续到5月31日星期二)”可知，“仙境画报”展览将持续四个月。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“We’re thrilled t be wrking with Yellwstne cllectrs Jack and Susan Davís, and Larry and Thea Lancaster t bring this exhibitin t the University f Wyming as part f year-lng celebratins recgnizing Yellwstne’s 150th anniversary(我们很高兴能与黄石收藏者杰克和苏珊·戴维斯以及拉里和西娅·兰开斯特合作，将这次展览带到怀俄明大学，作为纪念黄石公园150周年的为期一年的庆祝活动的一部分)”可知，展览的目的是纪念一个国家公园的周年纪念。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“This is a unique piece, as psters such as this ne were printed n sft paper and very few have survived.(这是一件独特的作品，因为像这样的海报是印在软纸上的，很少有幸存下来)”可知，1904年亨利·韦尔奇设计的海报在世界上很罕见。故选A。
B
Parrts are prey animals, which means that ther predatrs (捕食者) in the wild, such as hawks r snakes, are lking t make them int a meal. This ne factr influences parrts’ behavir in yur huse mre than any ther.
Parrts are mst easily hurt when feeding n the grund. Membership in a grup plays an imprtant functin in ensuring their safety and imprving their chances f survival frm attacks by predatrs. The mst cmmn predatrs f parrts include hawks, snakes, cats, mnkeys, and bats. Sme predatrs make attacks nly during the day while thers hunt in the night.
As prey animals, parrts are cnstantly watching ut fr danger and they instinctively (本能地) react t risks. Their first chice is t take flight. Hwever, if this is nt pssible, they will fight with their pwerful beaks t defend themselves.
Because their biggest enemy is the hawk, parrts are especially reactive t quick mvements frm abve and behind. Fr this reasn, it is wise t avid quick, sudden mvements near yur bird. This is a built-in reactin nt subject t lgic r reasn. Simple and relatively harmless husehld bjects can draw extreme fear respnses frm a bird. Fr example, a balln may represent a hawk r a vacuum hse (吸尘器软管) may be the same as a snake in yur bird’s mind.
As prey animals, parrts are ften frightened by expsure t new husehld items r strangers. It is imprtant t expse yur bird t safe experiences and changes starting at a very yung age t build flexibility and imprve their adaptability. Variety in diet and tys, travel, and expsure t new peple and places all help t make yur bird mre flexible and adaptable t change.
4. What is imprtant fr parrts t better survive frm attacks in the wild?
A. Living in a grup.B. Grwing beautiful feathers.
C. Feeding n the grund.D. Aviding cming ut at night.
5. What is parrts’ first respnse t an immediate risk?
A. T attack back.B. T get away.
C T prtect the yung.D. T play dead.
6. Why wuld a balln frighten a parrt?
A. It may explde suddenly.B. It may be in a strange shape.
C. It may have a strng clr.D. It may mve arund quickly.
7 What is the authr’s purpse f writing the text?
A. T explain wild parrts’ behavir.B. T give advice n raising a parrt.
C. T call fr actin t prtect animals.D. T intrduce a study n bird eclgy.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. B 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了鹦鹉作为被捕食动物的行为特性和生存策略。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Membership in a grup plays an imprtant functin in ensuring their safety and imprving their chances f survival frm attacks by predatrs.(群体中的成员在确保其安全和提高其从捕食者袭击中幸存下来的机会方面起着重要作用。)”可知，鹦鹉要想更好地在野外躲避攻击，重要的是要进行集体生活，故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“As prey animals, parrts are cnstantly watching ut fr danger and they instinctively (本能地) react t risks. Their first chice is t take flight.(作为猎物，鹦鹉会时刻警惕危险，并本能地对风险做出反应。他们的第一反应是飞走)”可知，鹦鹉对直接风险的第一反应是逃跑，故选B项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Simple and relatively harmless husehld bjects can draw extreme fear respnses frm a bird. Fr example, a balln may represent a hawk r a vacuum hse (吸尘器软管) may be the same as a snake in yur bird’s mind.(简单且相对无害的家居用品会引起鸟类的极度恐惧反应。例如，在你的鸟心目中，气球可能代表鹰，或者真空软管可能与蛇相同)”可知，气球能够吓到鹦鹉是因为气球可能形状奇怪，使鹦鹉联想到鹰，故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Parrts are prey animals, which means that ther predatrs (捕食者) in the wild, such as hawks r snakes, are lking t make them int a meal. This ne factr influences parrts’ behavir in yur huse mre than any ther.(鹦鹉是猎物，这意味着野生的其他捕食者，如鹰或蛇，正在寻找将它们作为食物。这一个因素比任何其他因素都更能影响鹦鹉在家里的行为)”、倒数第二段“Simple and relatively harmless husehld bjects can draw extreme fear respnses frm a bird. Fr example, a balln may represent a hawk r a vacuum hse (吸尘器软管) may be the same as a snake in yur bird’s mind.(简单且相对无害的家居用品会引起鸟类的极度恐惧反应。例如，在你的鸟心目中，气球可能代表鹰，或者真空软管可能与蛇相同)”以及最后一段“As prey animals, parrts are ften frightened by expsure t new husehld items r strangers. It is imprtant t expse yur bird t safe experiences and changes starting at a very yung age t build flexibility and imprve their adaptability. Variety in diet and tys, travel, and expsure t new peple and places all help t make yur bird mre flexible and adaptable t change.(作为猎物，鹦鹉经常被新的家庭用品或陌生人吓到。从很小的时候就开始让你的鸟接触安全的体验和变化，以建立灵活性并提高它们的适应性，这一点很重要。饮食和玩具的多样性、旅行以及接触新的人和地方都有助于让你的鸟更灵活，更适应变化)”可知，本文的写作目的是对饲养鹦鹉提建议，故选B项。
C
In his 1936 wrk Hw t Win Friends and Influence Peple, Dale Carnegie wrte: “I have cme t the cnclusin that there is nly ne way t get the best f an argument — and that is t avid it.” This distaste fr arguments is cmmn, but it depends n a mistaken view f arguments that causes prblems fr ur persnal and scial lives — and in many ways misses the pint f arguing in the first place.
Carnegie wuld be right if arguments were fights, which is hw we ften think f them. Like physical fights, verbal (言语的) fights can leave bth sides bldied. Even when yu win, yu end up n better ff. Yu wuld be feeling almst as bad if arguments were even just cmpetitins — like, say, tennis turnaments. Pairs f ppnents hit the ball back and frth until ne winner cmes ut frm all wh entered. Everybdy else lses. This kind f thinking explains why s many peple try t avid arguments.
Hwever, there are ways t win an argument every time. When yu state yur psitin, frmulate (阐述) an argument fr what yu claim and hnestly ask yurself whether yur argument is any gd. When yu talk with smene wh takes a stand, ask them t give yu a reasn fr their view and spell ut their argument fully. Assess its strength and weakness. Raise bjectins (异议) and listen carefully t their replies. This methd will require effrt, but practice will make yu better at it.
These tls can help yu win every argument — nt in the unhelpful sense f beating yur ppnents but in the better sense f learning abut what divides peple, learning why they disagree with us and learning t talk and wrk tgether with them. If we readjust ur view f arguments — frm a verbal fight r tennis game t a reasned exchange thrugh which we all gain respect and understanding frm each ther — then we change the very nature f what it means t “win” an argument.
8. What is the authr’s attitude tward Carnegie’s understanding f argument?
A. Critical.B. Supprtive.C. Tlerant.D. Uncertain.
9. Why d many peple try t avid arguments?
A. They lack debating skills.B. They may feel bad even if they win.
C. They fear being ignred.D. They are nt cnfident in themselves.
10. What des the underlined phrase “spell ut” in paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Defend.B. Explain.C. Cnclude.D. Repeat.
11. What is the key t “winning” an argument accrding t the authr?
A. Sense f lgic.B. Slid supprting evidence.
C. Prper manners.D. Understanding frm bth sides.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，作者阐述了争论的意义和赢得争论的方法。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“This distaste fr arguments is cmmn, but it depends n a mistaken view f arguments that causes prblems fr ur persnal and scial lives — and in many ways misses the pint f arguing in the first place.(这种对争论的厌恶是很普遍的，但它取决于对争论的错误看法，这种观点会给我们的个人和社会生活带来问题——而且在很多方面，它首先忽略了争论的意义)”可知，作者对于Carnegie对争论的看法持批判态度，故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Like physical fights, verbal (言语的) fights can leave bth sides bldied. Even when yu win, yu end up n better ff. Yu wuld be feeling almst as bad if arguments were even just cmpetitins — like, say, tennis turnaments.(和身体上的打斗一样，言语上的打斗也会让双方流血。即使你赢了，你最终也不会变得更好。如果争论只是一场比赛，比如网球比赛，你也会感觉很糟糕)”可知， 很多人尽量避免争论，是因为即使赢了他们也感觉很糟糕，故选B。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线短语所在句“ask them t give yu a reasn fr their view”可知，让他们为自己的观点提供依据，即让他们充分阐明他们的观点，spell ut意为“解释明白，讲清楚”，故选B。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“If we readjust ur view f arguments — frm a verbal fight r tennis game t a reasned exchange thrugh which we all gain respect and understanding frm each ther — then we change the very nature f what it means t “win” an argument.(如果我们重新调整我们对争论的看法——从一场口水战或网球比赛转变为一种理性的交流，通过这种交流，我们都能获得彼此的尊重和理解——那么我们就改变了‘赢得’争论的本质)”可知，作者认为“赢得”争论的关键是通过交流获得彼此的尊重和理解，故选D。
D
Fr lts f kids tddlerhd (幼儿期) is an imprtant time fr friendship. Studies shw that the earlier kids learn t frm psitive relatinships, the better they are at relating t thers as teenagers and adults. Playing tgether als helps these kids practice scial behavirs, such as kindness, sharing, and cperatin.
Even s, hw quickly yur child develps int a scial creature may als depend n his temperament(性格). Sme tddler s are very scial, but thers are shy. In additin, the way that tddlers demnstrate that they like ther children is markedly different frm what adults think f as expressins f friendship. Research at Ohi State University in Clumbus fund that a tddler’s way f saying “I like yu” during play is likely t cme in the frm f cpying a friend’s behavir.
This seemingly unusual way f demnstrating fndness can result in unpleasant behavir. Regardless f hw much they like a playmate, they may still grab his tys, refuse t share, and get bssy. But experts say that this is a nrmal and necessary part f friendship fr kids this age. Thrugh play experiences, tddlers learn scial rules. That’s why it’s s imprtant t take an active rle in yur tddler’s scial encunters by setting limits and ffering frequent reminders f what they are. When yu establish these guidelines, explain the reasns behind them.
Begin by helping yur child learn sympathy (“Ben is crying. What’s making him s sad?”), then suggest hw he culd reslve the prblem (“Maybe he wuld feel better if yu let him play the ball.”). When yur child shares r shws empathy(同理心) tward a friend, praise him (“Ben stpped crying! Yu made him feel better.”).
Anther way t encurage healthy scial interactin is by encuraging kids t use wrds- nt fists-t express hw they feel. It’s als imprtant t be mindful f hw yur child’s persnality affects playtime. Kids are easy t get angry when they’re sleepy r hungry, s schedule playtime when they’re refreshed.
12. What des it indicate when tddlers cpy their playmates’ behavir?
A. They are interested in acting.B. They are shy with the strangers.
C. They are fnd f their playmates.D. They are tired f playing games.
13. What des the authr suggest parents d fr their kids?
A. Design games fr them.B. Find them suitable playmates.
C. Play tgether with them.D. Help them understand scial rules.
14. What is the functin f the quted statements in paragraph 4?
A. Giving examples.B. Explaining cncepts.
C. Prviding evidence.D. Making cmparisns.
15. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. Hw Children Adapt t ChangesB. Hw t Be a Rle Mdel fr Children
C. Hw Yur Baby Learns t LveD. Hw t Cmmunicate with Yur Kid
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了幼儿时期友谊对儿童社交能力发展的重要性，并探讨了幼儿表达友谊的方式和可能出现的问题。同时，文章还提供了一些建议和方法，帮助家长在幼儿社交互动中发挥积极作用，培养他们的同情心和表达能力，学会发展友谊。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In additin, the way that tddlers demnstrate that they like ther children is markedly different frm what adults think f as expressins f friendship. Research at Ohi State University in Clumbus fund that a tddler’s way f saying “I like yu” during play is likely t cme in the frm f cpying a friend’s behavir.(此外，蹒跚学步的孩子表现出他们喜欢其他孩子的方式与成年人认为的友谊表达方式明显不同。哥伦布俄亥俄州立大学的研究发现，一个蹒跚学步的孩子在玩耍时说“我喜欢你”的方式很可能是模仿朋友的行为)”可知，蹒跚学步的孩子模仿朋友的行为说明他们喜欢玩伴，故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Thrugh play experiences, tddlers learn scial rules. That’s why it’s s imprtant t take an active rle in yur tddler’s scial encunters by setting limits and ffering frequent reminders f what they are. When yu establish these guidelines, explain the reasns behind them(通过游戏体验，幼儿学习社交规则。这就是在你蹒跚学步的孩子的社交活动中，通过设定限制和经常提醒它们是什么，来发挥积极作用是如此重要的原因，当您制定这些指导方针时，请解释其背后的原因)”可知，作者建议家长在孩子的社交生活中设定限制，并且经常提醒孩子们这些限制，也就是社交规则，帮助孩子理解社交规则，故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Begin by helping yur child learn sympathy (“Ben is crying. What’s making him s sad?”)(首先帮助孩子学会同情（(本在哭。是什么让他这么伤心?”）)”以及“then suggest hw he culd reslve the prblem (“Maybe he wuld feel better if yu let him play the ball.”)(然后建议他如何解决这个问题(“如果你让他打球，也许他会感觉好些。”))”可知，这些引用是通过举例说明这两个建议：帮助孩子学会同情并解决问题，故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Fr lts f kids, tddlerhd (幼儿期) is an imprtant time fr friendship. Studies shw that the earlier kids learn t frm psitive relatinships, the better they are at relating t thers as teenagers and adults. Playing tgether als helps these kids practice scial behavirs, such as kindness, sharing, and cperatin(对很多孩子来说，蹒跚学步是建立友谊的重要时刻。研究表明，孩子们越早学会建立积极的关系，他们在青少年和成年人时期就越善于与他人建立联系。一起玩耍也有助于这些孩子练习社交行为，如友善、分享和合作)”、第三段“Thrugh play experiences, tddlers learn scial rules. That’s why it’s s imprtant t take an active rle in yur tddler’s scial encunters by setting limits and ffering frequent reminders f what they are(通过游戏体验，幼儿学习社会规则。这就是在你蹒跚学步的孩子的社交活动中，通过设定限制和经常提醒它们是什么，来发挥积极作用是如此重要的原因)”以及最后一段“Anther way t encurage healthy scial interactin is by encuraging kids t use wrds- nt fists-t express hw they feel.( 另一种鼓励健康社交的方法是鼓励孩子用语言而不是拳头来表达他们的感受。)”可知，本文主要讲的是家长如何帮助孩子学会爱，学会发展友谊，故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Cmmn Mistakes New Runners Make
Running is a great way t get in shape and just abut everyne can d it. Hwever, many make a number f cmmn mistakes, which can interfere (妨碍) with training r lead t injury. ___16___ , keep these things in mind t help yu increase yur chances f running success.
·Ding t much t sn
One f the biggest mistakes new runners make is ding t much t sn. Slwly easing int a training prgram will help reduce the risk f injury, s yu can cntinue n with yur new running rutine ___17___ .
· ___18___
Beginners might think they need t run every day (r nearly every day) t meet their fitness r weight-lss gals, but this culdn’t be further frm the truth. Running is a high-impact activity which can be really hard n yur bdy. S it’s imprtant t give yur bdy a rest between wrkuts.
·Nt wearing the right equipment
___19___, it’s imprtant that yu wear prperly fr yur wrkuts. The mst imprtant piece f equipment fr running is a gd pair f running shes, s be sure t d sme research befre yu purchase a pair. Visit a running specialty stre and ask an emplyee t fit yu fr a she.
•Running thrugh pain
___20___ If smething hurts when yu run, yu need t stp and treat the pain. Remember: It desn’t make yu less f a runner if yu listen t yur bdy t keep it healthy.
A. Nt taking rest days
B. If yu’re just starting ut
C. Cmparing yurself t thers
D. Running can be uncmfrtable at times
E. It’s imprtant nt t use the same muscles
F. While it may be true that yu dn’t need expensive equipment t take up running
G. Experts suggest increasing yur running distance by n mre than 10% each week
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. A 19. F 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了新手跑步者常犯的错误。
【16题详解】
上文“Running is a great way t get in shape and just abut everyne can d it. Hwever, many make a number f cmmn mistakes, which can interfere (妨碍) with training r lead t injury. (跑步是保持体形的好方法，几乎每个人都可以做到。然而，许多人会犯一些常见的错误，这些错误可能会干扰训练或导致受伤。)”指出跑步时有些人会犯一些常见的错误，这些错误可能会干扰训练或导致受伤，由本段标题“Cmmn Mistakes New Runners Make(新跑步者常犯的错误)”可知，本文主要指出新跑步者会犯的错误，根据下文“keep these things in mind t help yu increase yur chances f running success.(记住这些事情可以帮助您增加跑步成功的机会。)”可知，空处是状语从句，B项“如果你刚刚开始”符合，是下文的条件，同时也符合主题，即如果你是新跑步者，本文的建议会帮助你增加成功跑步的机会，故选B。
【17题详解】
上文“One f the biggest mistakes new runners make is ding t much t sn. Slwly easing int a training prgram will help reduce the risk f injury, s yu can cntinue n with yur new running rutine(新跑步者犯的最大错误之一就是跑得太多太快。慢慢地进入训练计划将有助于降低受伤风险，这样您就可以继续新的跑步习惯)”指出刚开始跑步的人会跑得太快，所以要慢慢进入训练，不要跑太多太快，G项“专家建议每周增加跑步距离不超过10%”符合，指出不要跑太多，故选G。
【18题详解】
此处是本段小标题，即新手跑步者常犯的错误之一，根据下文“Beginners might think they need t run every day (r nearly every day) t meet their fitness r weight-lss gals, but this culdn’t be further frm the truth. Running is a high-impact activity which can be really hard n yur bdy. S it’s imprtant t give yur bdy a rest between wrkuts.(初学者可能认为他们需要每天（或几乎每天）跑步才能达到健身或减肥目标，但这与事实相差甚远。跑步是一项高影响力的活动，对您的身体来说确实很困难。因此，在锻炼之间让身体休息很重要。)”可知，新手跑步者不休息，A项“没有休息日”符合，故选A。
【19题详解】
根据本段标题“Nt wearing the right equipment(没有佩戴合适的装备)”可知，本段主要介绍了新手跑步者常犯的错误之一是没有佩戴合适的装备，下文“it’s imprtant that yu wear prperly fr yur wrkuts.(锻炼时正确穿着很重要)”强调跑步时正确穿着很重要，空处也应与“佩戴合适的装备”有关，F项“虽然你可能确实不需要昂贵的设备来开始跑步”符合，其中“equipment”呼应标题中的“the right equipment”，虽然你可能确实不需要昂贵的设备来开始跑步，但是锻炼时正确穿着很重要，故选F。
【20题详解】
下文“If smething hurts when yu run, yu need t stp and treat the pain (如果跑步时感到疼痛，则需要停下来治疗疼痛)”指出跑步时如果感到疼痛，应该停下来，这说明有时候跑步会让人感到疼痛，D项“跑步有时会感到不舒服”符合，引起下文，下文介绍了感到疼痛时该如何做，故选D。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
I was halfway acrss Indiana headed hme t Kentucky when my car brke dwn. My phne was ___21___, t. I managed t get t a gas statin, but it was Sunday in the early fall, and there was n ___22___ n duty. I was wrking my way thrugh university then and had little mney fr ___23___ the car.
I sat alngside my car fr several hurs trying t ___24___ the heat when an lder gentleman ___25___ t fuel his car. He asked abut my car, and I ___26___ my predicament (困境). T my ___27___, the gentleman tld me that he had a daughter my age, and then he pened his trunk and ___28___ a tl set.
Right then and there, this ttal ___29___ examined my engine, explaining as he wrked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed fr s lng that they were ___30___ t functin. After abut an hur, he ___31___ that my car was safe t finish the trip.
___32___ came at the hands f a stranger. ___33___ his clthes, wrking n a ht September afternn, this man ___34___ a cllege student frm disaster, just because she culd have been his ___35___ .
21.
A. busyB. ludC. deadD. secure
22.
A. mechanicB. plicemanC. managerD. guide
23.
A. washingB. parkingC. purchasingD. maintaining.
24.
A. feelB. beatC. absrbD. prduce
25.
A. prmisedB. refusedC. stppedD. vlunteered
26.
A. slvedB. nticedC. escaped.D. explained
27.
A. surpriseB. regretC. amusement.D. disappintment
28.
A. called upB. pulled utC. put dwnD. threw away
29.
A. liarB. beginnerC. strangerD. lser
30.
A. freeB. readyC. uncertainD. unable
31.
A. prnuncedB. agreedC. discveredD. dubted
32.
A. TirednessB. KindnessC. LnelinessD. Carefulness
33.
A. FldingB. DryingC. Siling.D. Mending
34.
A. savedB. calledC. judgedD. banned
35.
A. friendB. daughterC. cwrkerD. custmer
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的车在半路坏了，正巧赶上周日，在加油站并没有找到修车的人。这时恰巧有一位年长的绅士来加油。了解到作者遇到的困难后，他主动帮助作者修了车。作者对此非常的感谢。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的手机也没电了。A. busy忙的；B. lud大声的；C. dead（因无电力）不工作的；D. secure可靠的。根据上文“I was halfway acrss Indiana headed hme t Kentucky when my car brke dwn.”以及句中的t可知，作者的车坏了，手机也因为没电而关机了。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我设法去了一个加油站，但那是初秋的周日，没有机修工值班。A. mechanic机修工；B. pliceman警察；C. manager经理；D. guide指导。根据上文“but it was Sunday in the early fall”可知，作者的车坏了，所以她应该去找修车的。但是因为是周日，所以加油站的机修工都没上班。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时我正努力读完大学，几乎没有钱保养这辆车。A. washing清洗；B. parking停车；C. purchasing购买；D. maintaining保养。根据空前“I was wrking my way thrugh university then and had little mney”可知，作者当时正在在读大学，没有什么钱，所以几乎是不保养车的。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在车旁坐了几个小时试图避暑，这时一位年长的绅士停下来给他的车加油。A. feel感觉；B. beat击败；C. absrb吸收；D. prduce生产。根据下文“wrking n a ht September afternn”可知，事情发生在一个炎热的夏天，作者坐在车边试图保持凉爽。beat the heat“消暑，在炎热的天气中保持凉爽”。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在车旁坐了几个小时试图避暑，这时一位年长的绅士停下来给他的车加油。A. prmised答应了；B. refused拒绝；C. stpped停止；D. vlunteered自愿的。根据上文“I managed t get t a gas statin”可知，作者是在加油站，所以有一辆车停下来加油。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他问起我的车，我解释了我的困境。A. slved解决；B. nticed注意到；C. escaped逃脱。D. explained解释。根据上文“He asked abut my car”可知，这位绅士询问作者的车出了什么问题，然后作者向他解释了他的困境。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，这位先生告诉我，他有一个和我同龄的女儿，然后他打开行李箱，拿出了一套工具。A. surprise惊喜；B. regret遗憾；C. amusement可笑；D. disappintment失望。根据下文“the gentleman tld me that he had a daughter my age, and then he pened his trunk and ___8___ a tl set”可知，这位年长的绅士听到作者的困难后，告诉作者他也有一个女儿，而且从车里拿出一套工具。这让作为陌生人的作者感到非常的惊讶。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，这位先生告诉我，他有一个和我同龄的女儿，然后他打开行李箱，拿出了一套工具。A. called up打电话给；B. pulled ut取出；C. put dwn放下；D. threw away扔掉了。根据空后“a tl set”以及下文“Right then and there, this ttal ___9___ examined my engine, explaining as he wrked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed fr s lng that they were ___10___ t functin.”可知，这位绅士从他的车里拿出一套工具，帮作者修起了车。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，这个完全陌生的人检查了我的发动机，一边工作一边解释说，我的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，以至于无法工作。A. liar骗子；B. beginner初学者；C. stranger陌生人；D. lser失败者。根据上文“I sat alngside my car fr several hurs trying t ___4___ the heat when an lder gentleman ___5___ t fuel his car”以及全文语境可知，这个绅士对于作者来说完全是个陌生人。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，这个完全陌生的人检查了我的发动机，一边工作一边解释说，我的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，以至于无法工作。A. free免费的；B. ready准备好的；C. uncertain不确定；D. unable不能的。根据上文“as he wrked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed fr s lng ”可知，由于车辆的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，所以导致它不能正常工作。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约一个小时后，他宣布我的车可以安全地完成旅程。A. prnunced宣布；B. agreed同意；C. discvered发现；D. dubted怀疑。根据空后“that my car was safe t finish the trip”可知，经过一个小时的修理后，那个绅士宣布说车可以安全地完成旅程。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：善良来自一个陌生人。A. Tiredness疲劳；B. Kindness善良；C. Lneliness孤独；D. Carefulness细心。根据全文语境可知，一位陌生人帮助了他，所以此处指善意来自一个陌生人。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的九月下午，这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服，从灾难中拯救了一个大学生，只因为她可能和他的女儿同龄。A. Flding折叠；B. Drying干燥；C. Siling弄脏。D. Mending修补。根据上文“After abut an hur, he ___11___ that my car was safe t finish the trip”可知，那位绅士给作者修了一个小时的车。此处指修车时弄脏了自己的衣服。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的九月下午，这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服，从灾难中拯救了一个大学生，只因为她可能和他的女儿同龄。A. saved救了；B. called打电话；C. judged判断；D. banned禁止。根据上文“Right then and there, this ttal ___9___ examined my engine, explaining as he wrked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed fr s lng that they were ___10___ t functin.”可知，这个陌生人给作者修了车，所以作者觉得他就像是从灾难中是救了她。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的九月下午，这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服，从灾难中拯救了一个大学生，只因为她可能是他的女儿同龄。A. friend朋友。B. daughter女儿；C. cwrker同事；D. custmer顾客。根据上文“the gentleman tld me that he had a daughter my age”可知，作者觉那位绅士帮助作者是因为他有一个和她同龄的女儿。此处指作者就像那位男士的女儿。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Whenever yu have t write a paper, a letter, r any ther dcument fr wrk r schl, yu prbably head tward the cmputer. Nw, mst peple reach fr ___36___ (keybard) faster than they pick up pens. In a Scttish primary schl, hwever, Mr. Nrman Lewis is taking a different apprach. He feels that neat handwriting ___37___ (be) still an imprtant skill, s he has his students write nt nly by hand but als ___38___ ld fashined funtain pens.
Funtain pens ___39___ (use) in schls lng ag and have been regaining ppularity lately because they are refillable. Tday, a writer ___40___ (simple) thrws an empty pen away and gets ___41___ new ne.
S far, Mr. Lewis is pleased with the results f his experiment. He reprts that his students are taking mre care with their wrk, and their self-cnfidence has imprved as well. He is happy with the ___42___ (imprve) he sees in his students’ writing ___43___ in his wn writing. He knws that cmputers are here ___44___ (stay) and that they will nt disappear. Hwever, he believes that the practice with funtain pens helps students t fcus, t write faster, and they can feel prud f ____45____ (they).
【答案】36. keybards
37. is 38. with
39. were used
40. simply 41. a
42. imprvement
43. and 44. t stay
45. themselves
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在苏格兰的一所小学里，诺曼·刘易斯让学生使用老式钢笔写字取得良好效果的故事。
36题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：现在，大多数人拿起键盘的速度比拿起笔的速度还快。根据空格前的介词fr可知，空格处应填名词作宾语，keybard为可数名词，前面没有冠词应用名词的复数形式。故填keybards。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：他觉得整洁的书写仍然是一项重要的技能，所以他不仅让学生手写，还让他们用老式的钢笔写字。空格处作谓语，本句陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语handwriting为不可数名词，应用动词的第三人称单数形式。故填is。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：他觉得整洁的书写仍然是一项重要的技能，所以他不仅让学生手写，还让他们用老式的钢笔写字。根据空格后的名词ld fashined funtain pens可知，空格处应填介词，表示“使用”应用介词with。故填with。
【39题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：钢笔很久以前就在学校里使用了，最近又重新流行起来，因为它们可以重新填充。空格处作谓语，根据时间状语lng ag可知，应用一般过去时，主语Funtain pens和动词use之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：今天，一个作家只是把一支空笔扔掉，再买一支新的。空格处作状语，修饰动词thrws，应用副词形式。故填simply。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：今天，一个作家只是把一支空笔扔掉，再买一支新的。空格后的代词ne指代可数名词pen，此处表示泛指，且new是以辅音音标开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
42题详解】
考查名词。句意：他很高兴看到他的学生和他自己的书写都有了改善。根据空格前的冠词the可知，空格处应填名词作介词with的宾语，表示“改善”是imprvement，为不可数名词。故填imprvement。
【43题详解】
考查连词。句意：他很高兴看到他的学生和他自己的书写都有了改善。空格前短语in his students’ writing和空格后的短语in his wn writing为并列关系，应用and表示这种关系。故填and。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他知道电脑会一直存在，不会消失。根据空前的动词are可知，空格处应填不定式作表语，be t d为固定搭配，表示“必定会”，是对未来的一种推测。故填t stay。
【45题详解】
考查代词。句意：然而，他认为，用钢笔练习可以帮助学生集中注意力，写得更快，他们可以为自己感到自豪。根据空格前的介词f可知，空格处应填代词作宾语，根据句意“他们自己”应用themselves。故填themselves。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 你校英文报计划举办主题为“携手行动，节约粮食”的作文比赛。请你写一则活动通知，内容包括：
(1)介绍活动目的；
(2)说明参赛要求。
注意：
(1)写作词数应为80个左右；
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Welcme t Jin the English Writing Cmpetitin
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
Welcme t Jin the English Writing Cmpetitin
Our schl English newspaper is excited t annunce the upcming writing cmpetitin, themed “Hand in Hand, Save the Fd”. The cmpetitin aims t raise awareness abut the imprtance f saving fd.
All students are encuraged t participate. Entries shuld cnsist f an riginal piece f writing, fcusing n the theme f fd waste and shwing hw we can cntribute t its reductin. Please submit yur entries t the English Department mailbx by the deadline f June 1st.
We lk frward t yur participatin and creative submissins.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为校英文报计划举办主题为“携手行动，节约粮食”的作文比赛写一则活动通知。
【详解】1.词汇积累
比赛：cmpetitin→cntest
集中：fcus n→cncentrate n
鼓励：encurage→hearten
主题：theme→tpic
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Our schl English newspaper is excited t annunce the upcming writing cmpetitin, themed “Hand in Hand, Save the Fd”.
拓展句：Our schl English newspaper is excited t annunce the upcming writing cmpetitin, whse theme is “Hand in Hand, Save the Fd”.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The cmpetitin aims t raise awareness abut the imprtance f saving fd. (运用了动名词作宾语)
[高分句型2] Entries shuld cnsist f an riginal piece f writing, fcusing n the theme f fd waste and shwing hw we can cntribute t its reductin. (运用了hw引导宾语从句)
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last summer, Hilda wrked as a vlunteer with dlphin trainers at a sea life park. Her jb was t make sure the tanks were free f any items s that the trainers culd train the dlphins t fetch specific items. Hwever, ne day after cleaning, ne f the dlphins, Maya, presented Hilda with a candy wrapper frm the tank. When Katherine, the trainer, saw this, she blamed Hilda fr her carelessness. Upset but nt discuraged by this event, Hilda decided t d sme spying n Maya.
The next mrning, Hilda arrived at the park early. She put n her scuba gear (水下呼吸器) and jumped int the tank fr her usual, underwater sweep. Finding nthing in the tank, she climbed ut f the water just in time t see Katherine jumping in n the ther side. After what happened yesterday, Hilda knew what she was ding. She watched as Katherine perfrmed her underwater search, but Hilda wasn’t surprised when she surfaced empty-handed.
During the tank sweeps, Maya had been swimming playfully, but nw the dlphin stpped suddenly and swam t the back part f the tank where the filter (过滤) bx was lcated. She stuck her nse dwn behind the bx and then swam away. What was Maya ding back there? Hilda wndered. She jumped back int the water and swam ver t take a lk behind the bx, and her questin was answered. Hilda then swam acrss the tank fllwing Maya’s path and emerged frm the water t find Katherine remving her scuba gear. As Katherine turned arund, her muth drpped pen. There was Maya at the edge f the tank with a cmb (梳子) in her muth waiting fr her treat.
“Maya! Where did yu get that?” demanded Katherine, taking the cmb and thrwing her a fish. “I knw where she gt it,” declared Hilda climbing ut f the tank with a handful f items still wet frm their watery, resting place. “What’s all this?” Katherine asked, bviusly cnfused.
注意：
(1)续写词数应为150个左右;
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“This is Maya’s secret,” Hilda said with a big smile.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Nw Katherine realized what had been ging n.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
“This is Maya’s secret,” Hilda said with a big smile.The truth f the matter, Hilda cntinued, is that Maya has been secretly cllecting items frm the tank, hiding them near the filter in the back f the tank. When yu train her, she will give yu sme items s that she can get treats frm yu. “Really? Hw d yu knw that?” Catherine asked in surprise. Hilda laughed and replied, “It tk me a lng time t discver this secret, t. It’s nt easy t fllw Maya.”
Nw Katherine realized what had been ging n. Catherine thught t herself, this is really a clever dlphin. And she said t Hilda, “Well, Maya lves treats, s we’ll wrk tgether, and yu’ll secretly help her cllect a few things and put them in the filter at the back f the tank. I’ll give her treats, the number f which I can increase.” Hilda replied, “Gd idea, let’s d it.” Frm then n, the Sea Life Park is full f warmth and harmny. Maya’s perfrmance in frnt f the audience is getting better and better.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了希尔达在一家海洋生物公园与海豚训练员凯瑟琳一起做志愿者，以及她们和海豚玛雅之间的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“‘这是玛雅的秘密，’希尔达笑着说。”可知，第一段可描写玛雅的秘密是什么。
②由第二段首句内容“现在凯瑟琳意识到发生了什么事。”可知，第二段可描写凯瑟琳的对这件事的反应以及事情的结果。
2.续写线索：训练海豚——发现秘密——分析秘密——互相协商——共同配合——良好结果
3.词汇激活
行为类
①密密地：secretly/in private
②收集：cllect/gather
③隐藏：hid/cnceal
情绪类
①惊讶地：in surprise/in amazement
②笑：laugh/smile
【点睛】【高分句型1】The truth f the matter, Hilda cntinued, is that Maya has been secretly cllecting items frm the tank, hiding them near the filter in the back f the tank. (运用了that引导的表语从句和现在分词作状语)
【高分句型2】I’ll give her treats, the number f which I can increase. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)