统考版2024届高考英语二轮专项分层特训卷阅读理解保分练三推理判断题__隐含推断类观点态度类（附解析）

这是一份统考版2024届高考英语二轮专项分层特训卷阅读理解保分练三推理判断题__隐含推断类观点态度类（附解析），共4页。
The task Jhn set fr himself was t remve harmful substances frm sme sludge (污泥). First, he cnstructed a series f clear fiberglass tanks cnnected t each ther. Then he went arund t lcal pnds and streams and brught back sme plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds f life gt used t ne anther and frmed their wn ecsystem. After a few weeks, Jhn added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the ec­machine tk the sludge as fd and began t eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, Jhn has taken n many big jbs. He develped a greenhuse­like facility that treated sewage (污水) frm 1，600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn. He als designed an ec­machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu, a city in sutheast China.
“Eclgical design” is the name Jhn gives t what he des. “Life n Earth is kind f a bx f spare parts fr the inventr，” he says. “Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what's happening. Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self­repair.”
1．What can we learn abut Jhn frm the first tw paragraphs?
A．He was fnd f traveling. B．He enjyed being alne.
C．He had an inquiring mind. D．He lnged t be a dctr.
2．Why did Jhn put the sludge int the tanks?
A．T feed the animals. B．T build an ecsystem.
C．T prtect the plants. D．T test the ec­machine.
3．What is the authr's purpse in mentining Fuzhu?
A．T review Jhn's research plans. B．T shw an applicatin f Jhn's idea.
C．T cmpare Jhn's different jbs. D．T erase dubts abut Jhn's inventin.
4．What is the basis fr Jhn's wrk?
A．Nature can repair itself. B．Organisms need water t survive.
C．Life n Earth is diverse. D．Mst tiny creatures live in grups.
(B)
[2023·太原市高三模拟]If it weren't fr passinate peple, this wuld be a dull wrld indeed.
Peter Cavanagh f Lpez Island certainly qualifies in the passinate categry, having taken 600，000 pictures f birds all ver the wrld in the past 13 years. Cavanagh is a retired prfessr in the University f Washingtn. He minred in math and is an instrument­rated pilt. His pictures mstly capture birds in flight, nt n a perch (栖息处).
“I have a sense f wnder at flight because it is the mst highly cmplex frm f mvement in the entire animal kingdm，” says Cavanagh. “Humans have spent mre than six centuries trying t imitate bird flight but still have nt prduced flying machines with all f the cmplexity, flexibility and perfrmance that are cmmnplace fr birds.” Fr birds, the math f it all just happens. A small bird such as the American kestrel, the smallest falcn (猎鹰) in ur regin at abut 4 unces, is very gd at hvering (盘旋).
Meanwhile, t achieve flight, a 90­tn cmmercial jet is filled with electrnics and cmputer systems. “Birds have flying abilities we have nt cme clse t matching in airplanes，” says Cavanagh. The Ryal Aernautical Sciety in Lndn, in a January 2021 psting, tld hw researchers did cmputer design f a Being 777 wing based n a bird's wings. It was 5% lighter, which matters in fuel csts. In 2019, Airbus prduced a “Bird f Prey” design that mimicked the eagle's wing and tail structure fr flight cntrl.
Cavanagh enjys every minute f waiting, and waiting, and waiting, starting at sunrise t capture thse images. “I am happiest in truly wild places where humans are tlerated guests and they are the wrld f wild animals.”
5．What is Peter Cavanagh's passin?
A．Math educatin. B．Bird phtgraphy.
C．Airplane engineering. D．Wilderness explratin.
6．Why des the authr mentin the American kestrel?
A．T cmpare the sizes and weights f the birds.
B．T shw the imprtance f math in bimechanics.
C．T prve the unmatched flying abilities f birds.
D．T stress the diversity f native American species.
7．What des the underlined wrd “mimicked” mean in Paragraph 4?
A．Imitated. B．Abandned.
C．Outperfrmed. D．Discvered.
8．Which wrd best describes Peter Cavanagh's attitude t nature accrding t the last paragraph?
A．Skeptical. B．Respectful.
C．Objective. D．Indifferent.
阅读理解保分练（三）
（A）
语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与自然——环境保护——生态机器人净化污水
【文章大意】 文章讲述了Jhn Tdd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用大自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。
1．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第一段“When Jhn Tdd was a child, he lved t explre the wds arund his huse, bserving hw nature slved prblems. A dirty stream, fr example, ften became clear after flwing thrugh plants and alng rcks where tiny creatures lived. When he gt lder, Jhn started t wnder if this prcess culd be used t clean up the messes peple were making. （当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始想知道这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的垃圾）”以及第二段“After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in cllege, Jhn went back t bserving nature and asking questins. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria （细菌）？ Which kinds f fish can eat cancer­causing chemicals? （在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？）”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。
2．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks, Jhn added the sludge. （几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去）”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the ec­machine tk the sludge as fd and began t eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. （他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就完全被消化了，只剩下纯净水）”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选D。
3．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, Jhn has taken n many big jbs. He develped a greenhuse — like facility that treated sewage （污水） frm 1，600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn. He als designed an ec­machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu, a city in sutheast China. （这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1 600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水）”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。
4．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what's happening. Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self­repair. （你把微生物放在新的关系中，并观察要发生的事情。然后让这些新系统形成它们自己的自我修复的方式）”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。
（B）
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与自然——人与动物——抓拍鸟的飞行
【文章大意】 辅修数学的退休大学教授Cavanagh热爱大自然，酷爱抓拍鸟的飞行，他对鸟儿的飞行运动背后的数学原理有一定的研究。
5．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第二段首、尾两句可知，Cavanagh热衷于抓拍飞行中的鸟。故B项正确。
6．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第三段的“‘Humans have spent mre than six fr birds.’ Fr birds, the math f it all just happens”可知，人类已经花了六个多世纪的时间试图模仿鸟类飞行，但仍然没有制造出具有鸟类飞行时的复杂性、灵活性和性能的飞行机器，而对鸟类来说，对飞行的计算自然而然就发生了。接着作者以美国红隼为例，说明它十分擅长在空中盘旋。由此可推知，作者提及美国红隼是为了证明鸟类无法比拟的飞行能力。故C项正确。
7．答案与解析：A 词义猜测题。根据第三段的“Humans have spent mre than six centuries trying t imitate bird flight”再结合画线词所在句可推知，空中客车公司“模仿”鹰的翅膀和尾巴结构设计了“Bird f Prey”。故A项正确。
8．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“I am happiest in truly wild places where humans are tlerated guests and they are the wrld f wild animals”再结合选项可推知，Peter Cavanagh对待自然的态度是尊敬的。故B项正确。