2023届黑龙江省大庆铁人中学高三第二次模拟考试英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份2023届黑龙江省大庆铁人中学高三第二次模拟考试英语试卷(含答案)，共18页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
We can cnfirm that there's nthing wrse than being stuck in a sweaty ffice when the weather is glrius utside. Thankfully, there are lads f parks and grand green spaces in Lndn fr us t escape t fr a lunchtime picnic break, an after-wrk snack r a weekend-lng feast in the fresh air.
Kew Gardens
Sme f the clest picnic spts in the city are within the flwery brders f famus Kew Gardens. Yu have t pay t have a lk arund but it's ttally wrth it-especially t have a walk inside the newly repened Temperate Huse, which is stuffed full f impressive and rare plants. Once yu've spent n entry (£16.50), bringing a picnic will definitely save yu sme pennies.
Primrse Hill
It's easy t see why Primrse Hill is s ppular during lng and sleepy summer afternns, thanks t thse incredible views acrss the city. But it's nt just the skyline that makes this a ppular dining destinatin. The peak f Primrse Hill is als a shrt walk frm Abbey Rad and Lndn Z.
Hlland Park
Hlland Park is ften vershadwed by its ryal neighbur Kensingtn Palace Gardens, but it's an undeniably picturesque picnic spt. There's a lt t see, frm wdland and wildlife t sculpture and the Japanese-style Kyt Garden, plus there are tennis curts, ftball pitches and spts t play glf, cricket and netball.
Green Park
Enjying a picnic in Green Park is guaranteed t be a lively affair. Visitrs and lcals alike flck here thanks t the park's rather famus neighbur. The Queen's gaff aside, Green Park has its wn rather attractive scenery, with statues, water funtains and, in spring, daffdils as far as the eye can see.
1、What des the writer try t intrduce t us?
A. Sprts fields. B. Picnic places.
C. Histrical sites.D. Cmmunity parks.
2、Which might a sprtsman like best?
A.Kew Gardens. B.Primrse Hill.C.Hlland Park.D. Green Park.
3、What d Green Park, Primrse Hill and Hlland Park have in cmmn?
A.They are near anther famus site.
B.They have a ppular skyline.
C.They all have statues and water funtains.
D. They are vershadwed by their neighburs.
When Amanda Lemay heard the stry abut a baker and her husband wh were traveling arund the United States in a van, learning frm expert bakers, she wanted t d smething similar. S she gt rid f mst f her pssessins and made an ld ambulance with her dad int a lvely hme n wheels.
Lemay's ambulance is actually a frmer emergency respnse vehicle fr the US Navy, built n a 2006 Frd E350 Cutaway. Renvatins(改装) were mainly dne by her and her dad. Nw the dark blue vehicle has a lt f built-in cabinets n all sides, ffering a lt f strage space, while the rftp has 400-watt f slar pwer panels and a small rf deck where Lemay practices Yga. The inside is tastefully dne t suit Lemay's wrk and hbbies. As Lemay mentins, nt nly did her father help, but als the rest f her family. Lemay's mther helped sew the decratins n the remvable cushins, and her sister crafted the leather pulls.
Her current nmadic(流浪式的) lifestyle fits well with her wrk ding audibks, vicevers, and publishing wrk. In the end, this unexpected path has Lemay rethinking what it means t be truly sustainable, nw that van life has gtten her t becme minutely aware f the water, electricity, and ther daily resurces that she uses. But all these day-t-day truble is balanced with a greater sense f freedm.
“It's almst mind-blwing, it feels like a cmpletely different life because I'm ding the wrk nline, and I can d things n my wn schedule. Mst f my days are mine-s by living in the van, I can be where I want t be, and d the things I want t d, and spend time utside.”
4、What inspired Amanda t make a change?
A.A cuple's travelling experience.B.Sme expert bakers' suggestins.
C.Her wn awful living cnditins.D.Her parents' cntinuus persuasin.
5、What is the secnd paragraph mainly abut?
A.The histry f the van.B.The talents f Amanda's parents.
C.The renvatins f the van.D.The attitudes f Amanda's parents.
6、Which f the fllwing may best describe Amanda?
A. Selfless and kind-hearted.B. Independent and determined.
C. Playful and rmantic. D. Decisive and adventurus.
7、What can we infer frm the passage?
A.Amanda is cmpletely free frm any wrries.
B.Amanda fully values her sense f freedm.
C.Amanda will return t her previus life sn.
D.Amanda will invite her family members t jin her.
Last year Cngress issued a mral call t actin when it rdered the Natinal Institutes f Health t reevaluate its ethical versight(伦理上的疏忽) f gvernment-funded primate (灵长类) research. Althugh the scientific cmmunity widely sees nnhuman primates as essential fr advances in bimedicine (they have caused majr gains in the fights against AIDS and neurlgical diseases such as Parkinsn’s, fr example), researchers agree mre can be dne t treat the animals mre humanely and cnduct research less wastefully. T that end, the NIH gathered famus scientists last September t discuss the future f primate-based research—and they agreed that data sharing is the way frward.
Researchers culd reduce experiments n nnhuman primates by studying data that have already been cllected t answer new questins, says David O’Cnnr, a pathlgist at the University f Wiscnsin–Madisn. O’Cnnr is walking the walk: his labratry studies the Zika virus in primates, and he immediately psts all the results nline. The gal is t figure ut ways t fight Zika as quickly as pssible withut placing an undue burden n research primates. The Seattle-based Allen Institute fr Brain Science, which uses rhesus macaques, small Suth Asian mnkeys, t study the mlecular basis f brain develpment, als makes all results public. O’Cnnr says this practice shuld be mre widespread s that “researchers wh are using this scarce but vital resurce can learn as much as pssible frm as few animals as necessary.” Still, he is skeptical that data sharing will catch n because it wuld require a change in “nrmative behavir”—science’s strng culture f secrecy, in which data are kept under wraps until they are published in a peer-reviewed jurnal. One step tward full transparency is t fllw the lead f human clinical trials, says Christine Grady, a biethicist at the NIH. U.S. law requires mst clinical trials t register nline and make their results public, even if a study fails r is incnclusive. This ensures that ther researchers can learn frm a trial regardless f its results—a mve that culd als safeguard primates against being used fr the same thing twice. Nancy Haigwd, directr f the Oregn Natinal Primate Research Center, als says data sharing is “the way f the future.” Her center hsts 4,800 primates t study a variety f human diseases. She currently cntributes results frm her center t O’Cnnr’s Web site. “I dn’t see a drawback,” she says. “We have t share data mre quickly.”
8、What des Cngress think f the primate research?
A.It has dne a great deal f gd t advances in bimedicine.
B.It is a huge waste f mney t cnduct research n primates.
C.Primate-based research must be stpped fr mral reasns.
D.Prper attentin shuld be given t treating primates humanely.
9、The underlined phrase “walking the walk” in Paragraph 2 shws that O’Cnnr _______.
A.is the leader in fighting Zika virus in primates
B.is walking away frm his wn respnsibility
C.is carrying ut what he has said he shuld d
D.is taking a tugh rad when psting his data
10、Accrding t O’Cnnr, what might prevent scientists frm sharing their data?
A.The deep-rted culture that data shuld be kept secret until published.
B.The fact that scientists are reluctant t change their way f research.
C.The requirement that mst clinical trials shuld be registered nline.
D.The fear that they will be laughed at if a study fails r is incnclusive.
11、What culd be the best title fr the passage?
A.The Merciless Practice f Primate Research
B.T Treat Primates Mre Humanely: Transparency
C.T Abandn Experiments n Primates: Final Gal
D.The Burden f Research n Nnhuman Primates
Fr centuries, Central America's Garifuna peple have kept the culture's spken histry alive thrugh their ancestrs' native language. But decades f mdernizatin, randm native-language training in Garifuna schls, intermarriage between cultures, and the ridicule(嘲笑) f yung peple wh speak the language, tgether led t Garifuna being listed n the UNESCO Atlas(地图集) f Endangered Languages in 2001.
The threat f language extinctin isn't new. Sme linguists estimate that a language dies every tw weeks, as sme languages becme imprtant tls fr scial and ecnmic exchange, while thers are pushed t the margins(边缘). But there are ways t save at-risk languages as well. The key is that the language needs t be thught f less as preserved, “but indeed part f their present and future life,” says Liliana Sánchez, a linguist and prfessr at the University f Illinis.
That's exactly what the Garinagu (Garifuna peple) are ding. Fr the past tw decades, Garifuna artists have used a cultural crnerstne-spirited dance music-t inspire yung Garinagu t learn and share their native language. Nw, with a new Garifuna Turism Trail prject in Belize, travelers can experience and supprt the cultural revival, t.
Palaci, a leader in the cultural revival, gathered Garifuna musicians acrss Central America t frm a band named the Garifuna Cllective in 2007. Their Garifuna lyrics sent a pwerful message: It's time t defend ur culture. With multiple wrld turs and internatinal music awards later, the Garifuna Cllective put Garifuna n the internatinal map and tk Belize alng with it. Althugh Palaci passed away in 2008, his lyrics and the wrk f Garifuna musicians lit a cultural flame fr Garinagu wrldwide.
Will music save the Garifuna language? Time will tell. Garifuna remains n UNESCO's endangered-language list, last updated in 2010. And, as the Hawaiians just learned frm revitalizing(使恢复生机) their wn language, this kind f revival is a lng, multi-generatinal rad.
12、What is the first paragraph mainly abut?
A.The rigin f the Garifuna language.
B.Reasns fr Garifuna's being endangered.
C.The endangered languages f 2001.
D.Ways t save the Garifuna language.
13、What is Liliana Sánchez's pinin n saving at-risk languages?
A.They shuld be prtected by singing sngs.
B. They shuld be preserved as much as pssible.
C.They shuld be made use f in everyday life.
D.They shuld be advertised by turists.
14、Hw des the authr like Palaci's wrk?
A.Overwhelming.B.Challenging.C.Interesting.D.Rewarding.
15、What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A.Garifuna has been remved frm the list.
B.Music is sure t save the Garifuna language.
C.It'Il take great effrts t preserve Garifuna.
D.Hawaiians are better at prtecting their culture.
二、七选五
16、 Yu'll prbably be familiar with the Nrth American spelling f the wrd “airplane”. Hwever, if yu've ever been n an internatinal flight leaving the United States and ging t anther English-speaking cuntry like the United Kingdm, yu've prbably nticed that there are a few differences between the American and British spellings f wrds with the same meaning. ①_____. The American English spelling is “airplane” while the British English spelling is “aerplane”. S, why des this happen?
Let's lk at the rt f the phenmenn. ②_____. “British English has a general tendency t favur spellings and wrds that remind peple f French, but American English, when it has deviated(背离) frm what British English des, ften changes int the directin f seeming less French,” says Lynne Murphy, authr f The Prdigal Tngue: The Lve-Hate Relatinship Between British & American English.
③_____. “Aerplane” is n exceptin. “We're cmfrtable with ‘aer’ in scientific terms, but as planes became mre cmmn things t talk abut, the ‘aer’ seemed t fancy,” explains Murphy. “In Scientific American in 1906, there was already a claim that ‘④_____’. Ten years later, ‘airplane’ was adpted by the Natinal Advisry Cmmittee fr Aernautics as their term. It was cnsidered in the United Kingdm, but that suggestin didn't g anywhere.”
There's a gd reasn why wrds that mean the same thing are spelled differently, and why that will cntinue t happen. “⑤_____ and peple are generally prud f it, s they cntinue t spell differently,” says Murphy.
A. Every cuntry has different culture
B. Airplane is a much better wrd than aerplane
C. Yur spelling tells peple where yu're frm
D. The wrd “airplane” happens t be an example
E. American English and British English have similar histrical rigins
F. A lt f wrds in the English language are brrwed frm ther languages, like Latin, Greek, and French
G. There's a lt f histry that ges beynd wrds and dives deep int plitics, gvernment and science
三、完形填空（15空）
"New Recruits Wanted.” This 1 caught my eye and revived the dream I had since my childhd. But, just as 2 , I reminded myself that I was getting clse t sixty. Hesitating fr a while, I finally entered the hall and filled ut a(n) 3 .
My dream f becming a firefighter began when I watched the televisin shw Rescue 8, 4 with the cperatin f the Ls Angeles Fire Department. Unfrtunately, a career in cnstructin and a family t 5 gt in the way f wrking fr the lcal fire department. Nw, 6 retirement, my wife and I had just relcated t a beautiful village near Seattle. I had time t give.
T my delight, I was accepted fr 7 . Yes, I was the ldest recruit, and it was s 8 that I was ready t drp ut ne day. When I gt hme frm practice that day, a friend came ver. I was abut t say I culd 9 d it anymre when he passed me a beautifully-illustrate bk f firefighters in 10 , with a persnalized message f inspiratin, encuraging me t fllw my dream. As I lked thrugh the 11 , I felt amazed at the curage and devtin f these brave 12 . It gave me the strength I needed t carry n.
Over the next few weeks, the training cntinued t be tugh, but I never lst 13 again. I lst twenty punds, but eventually I was certificated as a firefighter. And nw I can drive the big red trucks and 14 my cmmunity. When mst f my friends are retiring, I'm 15 a new career I lve. And I knw that yu're never t ld t take n new challenges; never t ld t fllw yur dreams.
17、A. prmiseB. signC. guidelineD. expsure
18、A. quicklyB. accuratelyC. fundamentallyD. riginally
19、A. diagramB. memryC. appintmentD. applicatin
20、A. writtenB. prmtedC. describedD. filmed
21、A. rescueB. treasureC. raiseD. build
22、A. in case fB. in favr fC. in anticipatin fD. in search f
23、A. trainingB. perfrmingC. wrkingD. advertising
24、A. crucialB. intenseC. simpleD. helpful
25、A. graduallyB. regularlyC. barelyD. particularly
26、A. surpriseB. actinC. debtD. return
27、A. pagesB. tipsC. speechesD. indicatins
28、A. judgesB. clleaguesC. individualsD. assistants
29、A. timeB. senseC. fantasyD. fcus
30、A. cntrlB. rganizeC. representD. serve
31、A. pursuingB. shiftingC. creatingD. recalling
四、短文填空
32、 Lcal ①_____(fficial) in Beijing prmised t further prtect the city's cultural heritage(遗产), in particular the narrw streets knwn as hutngs.
Hutngs are ②_____(cmmn) fund in the cities f Nrth China, but they are in danger. Beijing is nwadays believed t have fewer than 1,000 hutngs, mst f ③_____ are near the Frbidden City. Only 60 years ag, the number f the hutngs ④_____(be) 3,250.
"Usually mre than 100,000 peple visit the Frbidden City during the Natinal Day hlidays. The visits put pressure n the ⑤_____(prtect) f cultural relics," said Huang Yan, directr f the Beijing Municipal Cmmissin f Urban Planning, ⑥_____(add) that hutngs shuld be prtected frm human damage.
The gvernment cncentrated ⑦_____ hw the prtectin plans were carried ut. The head f the Xicheng District Gvernment said the area has 182 cultural relics, ⑧_____ many f them were built as far back as the Yuan Dynasty. The district f Xicheng has 1.28 millin residents in its 50.7 square kilmeters f land. "The mst efficient way is t decrease the lcal ppulatin t reduce the pssibility f causing harm t the heritage," Wang said. "Each cmmunity has been required ⑨_____​(reprt) the status f its cultural heritage."
N ne knws fr sure hw many hutngs ⑩_____(leave) in the cming 100 years.
五、书面表达
33、上周你参加了学校学生会组织的以心理健康教育为主题的系列活动,请你给校英文报写一篇报道,内容包括：
(1)活动内容；
(2)活动反响。
注意：
(1)词数应为80左右；
(2)可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
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六、读后续写
34、阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A few years ag, the cmpany I wrked fr sent my wife and me t live in New Yrk fr a year. I've always lved running, s I was really happy when I fund ut I lived next t Central Park. This meant that every mrning I culd g fr a run befre I went t wrk.
Because a lt f peple had tld me t be careful f rbbers in the park, s usually I didn't take anything with me. Hw culd they rb me if I didn't have anything? But ne mrning, my wife gave me a $10 bill and asked me t buy sme bread n the way.
It was a beautiful mrning and the park was quiet with very few peple walking r jgging arund. While I was running thrugh the park, anther jgger kncked int me. He aplgized and cntinued running. Fr a while, I didn't think t much f it. Hwever, when I nticed the wide path where I was running, I thught it was kind f strange. The warning f rbbers in the park ccurred t me. It culd have been a rbber! I suddenly became alarmed, s I checked my pcket and fund that the mney was missing. Withut thinking twice, I ran after that jgger. I finally caught up and held him by the arm. I shuted, "Give me the $10 bill! Nw!" I am nt usually a ht-headed(性急的) persn, but I gt really angry this time. I culdn't believe the rbbery was actually happening t me. Filled with anger, I shk my fist at him. This seemed t frighten him. He quickly put his hand in his pcket and gave me the mney. Then he ran away as fast as he culd.
I bught the bread and went hme. As sn as I gt hme, I culdn't wait t tell my wife my stry. "Yu wn't believe what happened t me," I started with pride. She immediately stpped me, "I knw, yu left the mney fr the bread n the kitchen table."
注意:
1.续写词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Lking at the mney n the table, I std there, shcked.
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参考答案
1、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段"there are lads f parks and grand green spaces in Lndn t escape t fr a lunchtime picnic break"伦敦有很多公园和大绿地,可以在午餐时间去野餐以及介绍四个公园的内容中都提及在公园中进行野餐可知,本文向我们介绍了可以去野餐的地方。故选B。
2、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Hlland Park部分中的"plus there are tennis curts, ftball pitches and spts t play glf, cricket and netball"在荷兰公园有网球场、足球场以及打高尔夫球、板球和无挡板篮球的地方,由此可知,体育运动爱好者可能最喜欢荷兰公园。故选C。
3、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据Primrse Hill部分尾句中的"a shrt walk frm Abbey Rad and Lndn Z"从阿比路和伦敦动物园步行很短、Hlland Park部分第一句中的"vershadwed by its ryal neighbur Kensingtn Palace Gardens"被其皇家邻居肯辛顿宫殿花园所掩盖"以及Green Park部分中的"thanks t the park's rather famus neighbur"多亏了公园里相当有名的邻居。可知,这三个公园的共同点是它们都靠近另外一个著名的景点。故选A。
4、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段When Amanda Lemay heard the stry abut a baker and her husband wh were traveling arund the United States in a van(厢式货车), learning frm expert bakers, she wanted t d smething similar. S she gt rid f mst f her pssessins and made an ld ambulance with her dad int a lvely hme n wheels.(当阿曼达·莱梅听说一个面包师和她的丈夫坐面包车环游美国的故事时(厢式货车),向面包师专家学习,她想做类似的事情。于是她扔掉了大部分财产,和父亲一起把一辆旧救护车开进了一个有轮子的可爱家。)可知是一对夫妇的旅行经历激励阿曼达做出改变。故选A。
5、答案：C
解析：段落大意题。根据第二段Nw the dark blue vehicle has a lt f built–in cabinets n all sides, ffering a lt f strage space, while the rftp has 400-watt f slar pwer panels and a small rf deck where Lemay practices Yga.(现在这辆深蓝色的车的四周都有很多内置的橱柜,提供了大量的存储空间,而屋顶有400瓦的太阳能电池板和一个小屋顶板,莱梅在那里练习瑜伽。)可知本段主要写了这辆救护车的翻新工作。故选C。
6、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段When Amanda Lemay heard the stry abut a baker and her husband wh were traveling arund the United States in a van(厢式货车), learning frm expert bakers, she wanted t d smething similar. S she gt rid f mst f her pssessins and made an ld ambulance with her dad int a lvely hme n wheels.(当阿曼达·莱梅听说一个面包师和她的丈夫坐面包车环游美国的故事时(厢式货车),向面包师专家学习,她想做类似的事情。于是她扔掉了大部分财产,和父亲一起把一辆旧救护车开进了一个有轮子的可爱家。)可见她是果断的;根据最后一段(Mst f my days are mine—s by living in the van, I can be where I want t be, and d the things I want t d, and spend time utside."(我的大部分时间都是我的,所以住在车里,我可以去我想去的地方,做我想做的事情,并在户外消磨时间。)想去哪里就去哪里。可见她是敢于冒险的。A.Selfless and kind-hearted无私善良;B.Independent and determined独立和坚定;C.Playful and rmantic嬉戏和浪漫;D.Decisive and adventurus果断和冒险。故选D。
7、答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段In the end, this unexpected path has Lemay rethinking what it means t be truly sustainable, nw that van life has gtten her t becme minutely aware f the water, electricity, and ther daily resurces that she uses. But all these day-t-day truble is balanced with a greater sense f freedm(最后,这条意想不到的道路让莱梅重新思考了真正的可持续发展意味着什么,因为van life已经让她对自己使用的水、电和其他日常资源有了详细的了解。但所有这些日常麻烦都与更大的自由感相平衡。)可知Amanda完全珍视她的自由感。故选B。
8、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。由首段首句Last year Cngress issued a mral call fr actin when it rdered the Natinal Institutes f Health t reevaluate its ethical versight f gvernment-funded primate research.和第二句中的researchers cmpletely agreed it can be dne t treat the animals mre humanely and cnduct research less wastefully可知选D。
9、答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。从画线短语前面David O’Cnnr所说的话“研究人员可以通过研究已收集到的数据回答新问题来减少对灵长目动物的实验”和后面“他立即将所有结果发布在网上”可推测出画线短语意为“言行一致”,故选C。
10、答案：A
解析：细节理解题由第二段中的Still, he is skeptical f that data sharing will catch n because it wuld require a change in "nrmative behavir"一science's strng culture f secrecy, in which data are kept under wraps until they are published in a peer-reviewed jurnal.可知,根深蒂固的科学保密文化阻止了数据共享,故选A。
11、答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。由首段尾句T that end, the NIH gathered famus scientists last September t discuss the future f primate-based research—and they agreed that data sharing is the way frward.可知,B项为最佳标题。
12、答案：B
解析：段落大意题。根据第一段内容Fr centuries, Central America's Garifuna peple have kept the culture's spken histry alive thrugh their ancestrs' native language. But decades f mdernizatin, randm native-language training in Garifuna schls, intermarriage between cultures, and the ridicule(嘲笑) f yung peple wh speak the language, tgether led t Garifuna being listed n the UNESCO Atlas (地图集)f Endangered Languages in 2001.(几个世纪以来,中美洲的加里富纳人通过他们祖先的母语保留了这种文化的口语历史。但是几十年的现代化进程、加里富纳学校里随意的母语培训、不同文化间的通婚以及说这种语言的年轻人的嘲笑,这些都导致加里富纳语在2001年被联合国教科文组织列入濒危语言地图册。)可知第一段主要介绍了加里福纳语变成濒危语言的四个原因,这些原因共同导致加里福纳语在2001年被列入联合国教科文组织濒危语言地图集。故选B。
13、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的The key is that the language needs t be thught f less as preserved, "but indeed part f their present and future life," says Liliana Sánchez, a linguist and prfessr at the University f Illinis.(伊利诺伊大学的语言学家和教授Liliana Sánchez说,关键是这种语言不应该被认为是保存下来的, "而是他们现在和未来生活的一部分。")可知,在Liliana Sánchez看来,这种语言不仅需要被当成要保存的东西,而且要被当成现在和未来生活的一部分。由此可推知,她认为濒危语言应被使用在日常生活中。故选C。
14、答案：D
解析：观点态度题。根据第四段中的Althugh Palaci passed away in 2008, his lyrics and the wrk f Garifuna musicians lit a cultural flame fr Garinagu wrldwide.(尽管帕拉西奥于2008年去世,但他的歌词和加里富纳音乐家的作品为加里纳古在全球范围内点燃了文化之火。)可知作者认为Palaci的作品是有益的。故选D。
15、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的And, as the Hawaiians just learned frm revitalizing(使恢复生机) their wn language, this kind f revival is a lng, multi-generatinal rad.(而且,正如夏威夷人刚刚从复兴他们自己的语言中学到的,这种复兴是一条漫长的、多代人的道路。)可知,保护一门濒危的语言并非一朝一夕就能做成的事情,而是一个漫长且艰苦的过程。故选C。
16、答案：DFGBC
解析：①联系上文题。根据空前的Hwever, if yu've ever been n an internatinal flight leaving the United States and ging t anther English-speaking cuntry like the United Kingdm, yu've prbably nticed that there are a few differences between the American and British spellings f wrds with the same meaning(然而,如果你曾经乘坐国际航班离开美国前往另一个英语国家,如英国,你可能会注意到,具有相同意思的单词在美式和英式拼写中有一些不同)可知,设空处应举例说明具有相同意思的单词在美式和英式拼写中有一些不同。D项“飞机这个词就是一个例子”符合语境。故选D。
②推理判断题。根据上句Let's lk at the rt f the phenmenn.(让我们来看看现象的根源)可知,本段主要讲的是airplane和aerplane拼写方式不同的原因。结合空后的British English has a general tendency t favur spellings and wrds that remind peple f French, but American English, when it has deviated(背离) frm what British English des, ften changes int the directin f seeming less French,(英式英语一般倾向于喜欢那些让人想起法语的拼写和单词,但美式英语一旦偏离了英式英语的特点,往往会朝着看起来不那么法式的方向转变)可知,空处内容应涉及英式英语与美式英语和其他语言之间的关系。F项“英语中有很多单词是从其他语言借来的,比如拉丁语、希腊语和法语”符合语境。故选F。
③主旨大意题。空处为本段主题句。根据空后"Aerplane" is n exceptin. "We're cmfrtable with 'aer' in scientific terms, but as planes became mre cmmn things t talk abut, the 'aer' seemed t fancy," explains Murphy.("飞机"也不例外。墨菲解释说: "在科学术语中,aer这个词让我们感到舒服,但随着飞机成为更常见的话题,aer这个词似乎太花哨了")以及Ten years later, 'airplane' was adpted by the Natinal Advisry Cmmittee fr Aernautics as their term.(十年后,"飞机"被国家航空咨询委员会采用作为他们的术语)可知,本段主要介绍了aerplane与airplane在拼写上的差异和科学上的联系。G项"有很多历史超越了文字,深入到政治、政府和科学"概括本段内容,符合语境。故选G。
④推理判断题。根据空前"Aerplane" is n exceptin. "We're cmfrtable with 'aer' in scientific terms, but as planes became mre cmmn things t talk abut, the 'aer' seemed t fancy, "explains Murphy.("飞机"也不例外。墨菲解释说: "在科学术语中,aer这个词让我们感到舒服,但随着飞机成为更常见的话题,aer这个词似乎太花哨了")以及空后Ten years later, 'airplane' was adpted by the Natinal Advisry Cmmittee fr Aernautics as their term.(十年后,"飞机"被国家航空咨询委员会采用作为他们的术语)可知空处应涉及airplane这种拼写方式在美国得到认可。B项"Airplane这个词比aerplane好得多"符合语境。故选B。
⑤联系上文题。根据空前的There's a gd reasn why wrds that mean the same thing are spelled differently, and why that will cntinue t happen (意思相同的单词拼写不同,而且这种情况会继续发生,这是有原因的)可知,设空处应是在介绍表示同一含义的单词的英式拼写和美式拼写不同这种现象持续发生的原因。C项"你的拼写会告诉别人你来自哪里"说明原因是你的拼写会告诉别人你来自哪里,符合语境。故选C。
17、答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.prmise承诺;B.sign标志;C.guideline指导方针;D.expsure曝光。句意:这个标志引起了我的注意,让我想起了儿时的梦想。根据上文"New Recruits Wanted."可知,这是一个标志。故选B。
18、答案：A
解析：考查副词及语境理解。A.quickly快速地;B.accurately准确地;C.fundamentally从根本上;D.riginally最初。句意:但是,很快,我提醒自己,我已经快60岁了。根据下文"I reminded myself that I was getting clse t sixty"可知,很快,作者提醒自己,作者已经快60岁了。故选A。
19、答案：D
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.diagram图表;B.memry记忆;C.appintment约会;D.applicatin申请表。句意:犹豫了一会儿,我终于进了大厅,填了一份申请表。根据上文"New Recruits Wanted"和"filled ut"可知,作者是去填了一份申请表。故选D。
20、答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.written写;B.prmted促进;C.described描述;D.filmed拍摄电影。句意:我成为一名消防员的梦想始于我看电视节目《营救8号》,这部电视节目是由洛杉矶消防局合作拍摄的。根据上文"televisin shw"可知,这部电视节目是由洛杉矶消防局合作拍摄的。故选D。
21、答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.rescue救;B.treasure珍爱;C.raise养育;D.build修建。句意:不幸的是,建筑行业的工作和养家糊口阻碍了他在当地消防部门的工作。根据下文"gt in the way f wrking fr the lcal fire department"可知,建筑行业的工作和养家糊口阻碍了他在当地消防部门的工作。故选C。
22、答案：C
解析：考查固定短语及语境理解。A.in case f万一;B.in favr f赞成;C.in anticipatin f在预期中;D.in search f寻找。句意:现在,由于即将退休,我和妻子搬到了西雅图附近一个美丽的村庄。根据上文"clse t sixty"可知,他即将退休,空格处意为“在预期中”。故选C。
23、答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.training训练;B.perfrming表演;C.wrking工作;D.advertising打广告。句意:令我高兴的是,我被接受参加培训。根据下文"I was the ldest recruit"可知,作者被接受参加培训。故选A。
24、答案：B
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.crucial至关重要的;B.intense严肃紧张的;C.simple简单;D.helpful有帮助的。句意:是的,我是年龄最大的新人,训练太紧张了,以至于有一天我都准备退学了。根据下文"I was ready t drp ut ne day"可知,训练太紧张了。故选B。
25、答案：C
解析：考查副词及语境理解。A.gradually逐渐;B.regularly定期地;C.barely几乎不;D.particularly非常,尤其。句意:我正要说我再也做不下去了,这时他递给我一本插图精美的书,书中讲述了消防员的行动,书中个性化的激励信息鼓励我追随自己的梦想。根据上文"I was ready t drp ut ne day"可知,句子表示"我正要说我再也做不下去了,这时他递给我一本插图精美的书",空格处意为"几乎不",故选C。
26、答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.surprise惊讶;B.actin行动;C.debt债;D.return回来,返回。句意:我正要说我再也做不下去了,这时他递给我一本插图精美的书,书中讲述了消防员的行动,书中个性化的激励信息鼓励我追随自己的梦想。根据下文"with a persnalized message f inspiratin, encuraging me t fllw my dream"可知,他递给作者一本插图精美的书,书中讲述了消防员的行动。故选B。
27、答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.pages页面;B.tips指点,诀窍,建议;C.speeches演讲;D.indicatins指示。句意:当我翻看这些书时,我对这些勇敢的人的勇气和奉献精神感到惊讶。根据上文"a beautifully-illustrated bk"可知,当作者翻看这些书时,作者对这些勇敢的人的勇气和奉献精神感到惊讶,空格处意为“页面”。故选A。
28、答案：C
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.judges法官;B.clleagues同事;C.individuals个人;D.assistants助理。句意:当我翻看这些书时,我对这些勇敢的人的勇气和奉献精神感到惊讶。根据上文"a beautifully-illustrated bk f firefighters"可知,作者对这些勇敢的人的勇气和奉献精神感到惊讶,空格处意为"个人"。故选C。
29、答案：D
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.time时间;B.sense感觉;C.fantacy幻想;D.fcus焦点,专注。句意:在接下来的几个星期里,训练仍然很艰苦,但我再也没有失去注意力。根据下文"I lst twenty punds, but eventually I was certificated as a firefighter"可知,作者专心训练,也就是没有失去注意力。故选D。
30、答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.cntrl控制;B.rganize组织;C.represent代表;D.serve服务。句意:现在我可以开红色的消防车为我的社区服务了。根据上文"I can drive the big red trucks"可知,现在作者可以开红色的消防车为社区服务了。故选D。
31、答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.pursuing追求;B.shifting转变;C.creating创造;D.recalling回想起。句意:当我的大多数朋友都退休了,我却在追求自己喜欢的新事业。根据下文"a new career I lve"可知,作者追求自己喜欢的新事业。故选A。
32、答案：①fficials ②cmmnly ③which ④was ⑤prtectin ⑥adding ⑦n ⑧and ⑨t reprt ⑩will be left
解析：①考查名词复数。根据语境可知, 此处表示不止一位官员, 故应用名词复数形式。
②考查副词。空处修饰谓语动词are fund, 作状语, 应用副词形式。
③考查关系代词。空处指代先行词hutngs, 引导非限制性定语从句, 在从句中作介词f的宾语, 故用which引导。
④考查时态和主谓一致。由时间状语"60 years ag"可知, 应用一般过去时; 且主语为"the number f the hutngs", 所以填was。
⑤考查词形转换。根据空前的the和空后的f可知, 空处应用名词。
⑥考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, Huang Yan与add之间为逻辑上的主谓关系, 故用动词-ing形式作伴随状语。
⑦考查介词。cncentrate n为固定搭配, 意为"集中注意力于", 符合语境。
⑧考查连词。分析句子结构可知, 空处应用连词; 且根据语境可知, 应用and。
⑨考查非谓语动词。require sb. t d sth."要求某人做某事", 为固定用法, 此处是其被动形式"sb. be required t d sth."。
⑩考查时态和语态。根据时间状语"in the cming 100 years"可知, 应用一般将来时; 且hutngs与leave之间是被动关系, 故用一般将来时的被动语态。
33、答案：
Last Sunday, ur schl held a theme activity called "Mental Health Educatin" n the playgrund.【高分句型一】(点明主题)
The activity lasted a whle mrning. At the beginning, sft music was played t create a relaxing atmsphere. With the music, we fund ur place and settled int a cmfrtable psitin. The teacher tld us the knwledge abut mental health, and asked us t relax accrding t her instructins and think abut the happy things we had experienced. Next, we shared the pleasant things we had experienced each ther in grups.(活动内容)
Nt nly is this theme activity f great benefit t ur mental health but it als enriches ur schl life.【高分句型二】(活动反响)
34、答案：
Lking at the mney n the table, I std there, shcked. Fr the rest f the day, I felt extremely guilty, with the inncent jgger and his “helplessness” in my mind. “Hw culd I be s rude t him withut knwing the truth?” I decided t find a chance t aplgize t him. The next mrning, I went t the park and waited at the same spt. Luckily, I sptted him again. I, the “rbber”, gave the $10 bill back t him and said srry t him again and again. Frtunately, he frgave me fr what I had dne t him. Frm the experience I have learned that it is t early t judge a persn befre yu knw the truth.