2024佛山四中高二上学期开学考试英语含解析

这是一份2024佛山四中高二上学期开学考试英语含解析，共7页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
佛山市第四中学2023-2024学年第一学期开学考试
高二英语试题
(全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。)
第一部分 听力(共20分)
第一节 听力理解(共6小题;每小题2分，满分12分)
材料及问题播放两遍。每段后有三个小题，各段播放前每小题有5秒钟的阅题时间。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题的问题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C项中，选出最佳选项。
听第一段材料，回答第1-3题。
1. A. At an airport. B. In a market. C. In a museum shop.
2. A. Her mother. B. Her friend. C. Her sister.
3. A. A ring. B. A necklace. C. A pair of earrings.
听第二段材料，回答第4-6题。
4. A. Her hobbies. B. Her photo. C. Her driver’s license.
5. A. Chinese. B. French. C. Japanese.
6. A. She visited her uncle. B. She received education. C. She worked as a teacher.
第二节回答问题(共4小题;每小题2分，满分8分)
听第三段材料，然后回答问题。材料及问题读两遍。
7. _____________________________________________
8. _____________________________________________
9. _____________________________________________
10. _____________________________________________
第二部分 阅读(共三节，满分40分)
第一节 阅读理解(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
When places are well-known and popular— historical and modern alike— we might take it for granted that they’ll be around forever. But sadly, many of the world’s best known and culturally significant landmarks are in trouble.
Mount Kilimanjaro’s peak
This mountain, one of the Seven Summits, proves that even giants can fall to climate change due to the vast amounts of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. While the mountain itself, located in Tanzania, isn’t in danger at present, its iconic snow cap might disappear—and shockingly soon. Research found that the snow cap had lost 85% of the total area of its ice fields between 1912 and 2007, and the remaining ice could be history as early as 2030.
Machu Picchu
Located in southern Peru, Machu Picchu is the remains of a huge stone castle that was built during the 15th century. These unbelievable Incan ruins are widely considered one of the must-see spots in South America. However, the site has been a victim of over-tourism, seeing the harmful effects of the crowds it gets as they wear down the structures. In addition, the area surrounding Machu Picchu has seen rapid development of the cities, as well as mudslides and fires, in recent years, leading UNESCO to work for its protection.
Everglades National Park
This stunning Floridian wildlife reserve has sadly found itself fighting for its life in recent years. As ‘the largest subtropical wilderness reserve’ in North America, according to UNESCO, it’s been a beloved travel destination for American citizens for decades, but the damage of time and human activity have not been kind to it. Its survival first came into question after it was destroyed by Hurricane Andrew in 1993. But it’s human influence that has become the primary threat, as water flow to the site has decreased and the impacts of pollution have increased, resulting in harmful algal blooms (赤潮). Its vast, diverse wildlife is more threatened than ever before.
1. Which problem does Mount Kilimanjaro face?
A. Global warming B. City development.
C. Over-tourism D. Ice pollution.
2. What do these three places have in common?
A. They are the impacts of pollution and mudslides.
B. They are destroyed severely due to over-tourism.
C. They are famous but affected by human activities.
D. They are considered as victims of global warming.
3. What is threatened by human activity in Everglades National Park?
A. Lack of popularity. B. Hurricane Andrew.
C. Algal blooms. D. Diverse wildlife.
B
The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is the first large-scale sea crossing transportation project under China’s “One Country, Two Systems” policy. Jointly constructed by Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao, the bridge is a mega sea crossing system linking Hong Kong, Zhuhai, and Macao.
The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is the longest, most difficult to construct, and the highest- standard cross-sea transportation project in China’s history. It is regarded as the “Qomolangma” of the bridge industry. The bridge is also part of the C4 Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway and G94 Pearl River Delta Ring Expressway within China’s national expressway network.
The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge starts at Lantau Island in Hong Kong, passes through Tai O, crosses the Pearl River Estuary(河口), and its Y-shaped section at the end connects Zhuhai and Macao. The total length of the bridge is 55 km. Its sea section is around 35.578 km long while its underwater tunnel stretches 6.75 km. The construction cost of the bridge exceeded 100 billion yuan. It was jointly funded by the central government and the governments of Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao, which will collect tolls on the bridge for 50 years.
There were many updated technologies in the construction and installation of the Hong Kong - Zhuhai - Macao Bridge. The project also made multiple breakthroughs in infrastructure(基础设施)construction in which the government cooperated with domestic and foreign companies. These experiences will be useful for the Chinese government in the construction of future large - scale engineering projects.
As China continues to advance the Belt and Road Initiative, the Hong Kong – Zhuhai - Macao Bridge will offer new force to the economy of the region. The bridge will increase the attractiveness and influence of Zhuhai, promote the cooperation of Hong Kong, Zhuhai, and Macao in logistics, tourism, and other industries, and drive the economic and social integration of Hong Kong, Macao, and Zhuhai. It will also help strengthen the ties between the three places and facilitate the development of the Guangdong - Hong Kong Macao Greater Bay Area, which is strategically important to the Belt and Road Initiative.
4. What is the meaning of the underlined word “mega” in Paragraph 1?
A. diverse B. great C. broad D. rare
5. Why is “Qomolangma” mentioned in Paragraph 2?
A. It shows the bridge is very famous in the world.
B. It indicates the bridge is very high above the sea.
C. It suggests the difficulties in constructing the bridge.
D. It stresses its importance in the national development.
6. What is the significance of the Hong Kong – Zhuhai - Macao Bridge?
A. It has the longest underwater part of the bridge in the world.
B. It strengthens the development and bond of these three places.
C. It has helped the government earn over 100 billion yuan so far.
D. It is the only one of the large-scale engineering projects by China.
C
People have always had trouble pronouncing his name. The 19th-century British prime minister Benjamin Disraeli was once laughed at in Parliament for getting it wrong. If you don’t speak German, it’s not at all obvious how you are supposed to say it. A safe bet is to start with a hard ‘g’ on ‘Ger...’ and end with a ‘ter’: Ger-ter.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe has often been seen as one of Europe’s big cultural heroes— comparable to the likes of Shakespeare, Dante and Homer. He was excellent in a wide range of areas: he wrote many poems, was a huge hit as a novelist and made scientific contributions in physiology, geology and botany. He was also a diplomat, fashion guru (专家), a senior civil servant, the head of a university, a fine artist, an adventurous traveller, the director of a theatre company and the head of a mining company.
During his life, Goethe’s admirers were impressed by his literary works. But more than any of his books, what impressed people at the time was how he lived his life, the kind of person he was. The life was more significant than the books (which helps explain why, unlike Jane Austen or Marcel Proust, his literary works are relatively unknown).
Goethe was born in the city of Frankfurt in 1749. His family was comfortably off—it was new money, made from keeping an inn.
Goethe’s parents took great care with his schooling: he was mainly educated at home; he wrote poetry for his friends, took art classes, and learned Italian. He went to the theatre a lot and became friends with actors. As a member of the upper class, he wore a sword in public from the age of 12.
Goethe studied at the University of Leipzig and later did a master’s degree in law at the University of Strasbourg. He often went to a viewing platform high up on a nearby cathedral tower. He was afraid of heights. But he made himself do it because he liked to overcome difficulties—and loved the view.
7 Why was Benjamin Disraeli laughed at in Parliament?
A. He pronounced his own name wrongly.
B. He didn’t know how to speak German.
C. He couldn’t say Goethe’s name correctly.
D. He once wrote Goethe as Ger-ter mistakenly.
8. What is special about Goethe, compared to Shakespeare, Dante and Homer?
A He did well in a variety of fields.
B. He was a British big cultural hero.
C. He was one of the literature masters.
D. He wrote numerous novels and poems.
9. What can we know about Goethe?
A. Goethe ran an inn with comfortable rooms by himself.
B. Goethe’s parents devoted themselves to his education.
C. Goethe’s literary works impressed people most at his time.
D. Goethe belonged to the upper class due to his royal family.
10. Which can best describe Goethe’s personality?
A. Cautious and famous. B. Selfless and confident.
C. Honest and generous. D. Brave and intelligent.
第二节 语句排序(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
11. 将下列几个部分(A、B、C、D和E)按题号排序，构成一个符合逻辑的完整语篇。
A. Based on people’s grammar scores and information about their learning of English, the researchers developed models that predicted how long it takes to become fluent in a language and the best age to start learning.
B. To find the answer, the research team turned to the Internet, to collect data on a person’s current age, language ability and time studying English.
C. The older you get the more difficult it is to learn to speak English like a British. But no one knows exactly at what age it becomes harder, to learn a new language.
D. They concluded that the ability to learn a new language is strongest until the age of 18. This is not to say that we cannot learn a new language if we are over 18, but most of us will not be able to master grammar like a native speaker.
E. They also created a short online grammar quiz that tested noun-verb agreement, pronouns, prepositions, and relative clauses, etc.
第三节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Secrets of Great Savers
Wondering how to save more money but have no idea where to cut?_____12_____They can make your money go further and help you live a more financially secure(保障的) life. You can form a “hand-me-down” club. Since kids grow so fast, their clothes quickly become unwearable even though they still look nice._____13_____Instead of making your local kids’ clothing store rich, organise a club of parents from your child’s school or daycare to exchange hand-me-down clothing.
_____14_____Always buy the same colour and style of socks for your child—preferably white, since you can bleach(漂白) them when they are stained. Since socks always disappear, when you lose one of a pair, you can pair it up with another, because they are all the same.
It is a good idea to take a job for a discount. If you are looking for apart-time job, fill out applications at shops where you often do your shopping._____15_____If you have teenagers in your home who are ready for a job, encourage them to work at your family’s favourite stores with employee discounts too. Not only will you benefit from the discount but you will also gain access to a new world of inside information on upcoming sales!
Why not help your friend move? Always help friends pack their belongings and load the truck when they are moving. When people are loading their households into boxes, they usually find items that they no longer need or do not want to pack or unpack. As a result, you can bring home hundreds of pounds worth of frozen food, tableware, books, toys, furniture(家具) and other household items._____16_____
A. Get socks of one colour.
B. Bleach socks to whiten them.
C. We share four secrets of super savers here.
D. So, parents buy a lot of new clothes to meet the need.
E. Best of all they will still think you’ve done them a favour.
F. For example, clothing shops may give their employees a discount.
G. Once they do a favor your problem will probably be solved very quickly.
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It was Grandpa’s 70th birthday and the whole family had been ____17____ for it for quite some time.
Early in the morning, I woke up ____18____. I got dressed quickly and headed downstairs to help. Mum was already in the ____19____ busy with Grandpa’s special birthday lunch. Dad was nowhere to be seen. After a quick breakfast, I ____20____ the special gift I had made for Grandpa, a ____21____ of his life story—for the last time. For weeks I had been ____22____ this, listening to Grandpa’s stories, ____23____ his favorite music and collecting photos from the family album.
Dad came in with some ____24____ just before lunchtime. ____25____, they were Grandpa’s best friends from secondary school, all in their seventies. Grandpa couldn’t believe his eyes and it took quite a long time for them to ____26____ down. As soon as the guests took their seat, Grandpa’s favorite music began to fill the room with ____27____ of the old days. With each old photo, the guests saw how Grandpa ____28____ from a handsome boy to a kind old gentleman. When grandpa and his friends appeared in an old photo in their school uniforms, there was a lot of laughter, with ____29____ in their eyes.
Towards the end of the party, Grandpa said excitedly, “It is a(n) ____30____ birthday celebration and I’ve got the best gift I have ever received. Now I am ____31____ my eightieth, ninetieth and even one hundredth birthdays already!”
17. A. packing B. admiring C. cleaning D. preparing
18. A. excited B. tired C. curious D. scared
19. A. balcony B. bathroom C. kitchen D. garden
20. A. found B. checked C. bought D. presented
21. A. video B. book C. photo D. poem
22. A. carrying on B. working on C. figuring out D. resulting in
23. A. selecting B. composing C. processing D. adapting
24. A. snacks B. music C. gifts D. guests
25. A. Particularly B. Impressively C. Surprisingly D. Obviously
26. A. put B. break C. take D. calm
27. A. whispers B. wealth C. memories D. collections
28. A. moved B. grew C. developed D. ranged
29. A. tears B. desires C. charm D. faith
30. A. regular B. significant C. effective D. typical
31. A. predicting B. reminding C. approaching D. expecting
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入如1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
“I just made it to the South Pole!”
Meet Harpreet Kaur Chandi, also known as Polar Preet, the 33-year-old who has been making headlines all over the world after____32____ (become) the first woman of color to complete a solo expedition across Antarctica.
“The reason____33____I chose Antarctica was that Ⅰ didn’t know much about it, and I thought, if I could do something that pushes me so far out of my comfort zone,____34____(hopeful) it’ll inspire other people____35____(do) the same,” said she.
As a part of her tough expedition, Preet endured temperatures as low as minus 50 degrees Celsius, and wind speeds of up to 96 kilometers per hour. She____36____(walk) around 27 kilometers a day, pulling a 90-kilogram sled containing her equipment.
“It was generally windy, and there were only two ____37____(day) that I can remember when there was slight wind. There were times when it was so hard, and I just thought “This is the ____38____(tough) thing I’ve ever done, how am I going to keep going?” And I would break it down and I’d take one step at _____39_____time, but I never thought, “I’m going to give____40____.”
Despite all the hardships and challenges Preet says that there’s no stopping and that she has started training for_____41_____(she) next adventure.
第四部分 词汇基础(共20分)
第一节 词义匹配(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
第一组
根据句子内容，从每组的选项中选出能匹配句子中划线部分意义的选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A. very great, very strong or frequent
B. extremely bad or serious
C. not likely to happen; not probable
D. making sb. feel happier or giving sb. more hope
E. a spectacular movement or performance involving flexibility and complexity
F. very deep and dangerous
G. a way of achieving something, or a method for dealing with a situation

42. The local government has taken specific measures to control the spread of the disease.
43. The project seemed unlikely to succeed.
44. People in this area suffered severe losses during the earthquake.
45. He prefers uplifting speeches to detailed policy recommendations.
46. It is a synthesis(综合)of traditional music, dancing, poetry, acrobatics and martial arts.
第二组
根据句子内容，从每组的选项中选出能匹配句子中划线部分意义的选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A. an act of trying to do sth., especially sth. difficult, often with no success
B. very large, heavy and solid
C. include sth as a necessary part
D. happy and satisfied
E. in or to lower position than sb/sth.
F. to help sth. to happen or develop
G. facts or information, especially when examined and used to find out things or to make decisions

47. The found the body buried beneath a pile of leaves.
48. The explosion made a massive hole in the ground.
49. Ms Yi had a contented life until a terrible event occurred which changed her life.
50. The job involves travelling abroad for three months every year.
51. We need to promote an open exchange of ideas and information.
第二节 单词拼写(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
根据前后文及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式。
52. After years of research, professional learning and practice with hundreds of children, the professor discovered a(n)_________(简化了的) method of teaching children with learning disabilities.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
53. When a person receives _________(认可)for the things that they have done, people acknowledge the value or skill of their work. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
54. It’s important to understand what type of learner you are, so you can develop your learning _________(技巧) around that. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
55. In China, posting _________(带有威胁的) words online is also against the law. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
56. All the _________(准备) have been completed, so we are ready to go. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
57. You should take measures to raise the public’s a_________ of protecting the environment. (根据首字母单词拼写)
58. There will be a Chinese paper-cutting art e_________ this Sunday in the art gallery. (根据首字母单词拼写)
59. The organisation was e_________ in 2012 and now it is known to so many local people. (根据首字母单词拼写)
60 Jet Li (Li Lianjie) gained a r_________ for his commitment to charity work. (根据首字母单词拼写)
61. According to the WWF, g_________ warming may kill off polar bears in the next 20 years. (根据首字母单词拼写)
第五部分 书面表达(共40分)
第一节 完成句子(每小题3分，满分15分)
根据前后文及所给中文在空格处用合适的英文完成句子。
62. ________________(据说) we’ll have to do extra work on Sunday. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
63. He rushed out and spotted a snake on the ground, ________________(发出尖叫声). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
64. He ________________(对……置之不理)his own family when they needed help. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
65. ________________(简单地说), active learning requires students to do meaningful learning activities and think about what they are doing. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
66. I’m writing to ________________(申请) to enter English speech contest. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
第二节 应用文写作(满分25分)
67. 假如你是李华，你的笔友Mary想来广州看一场中国民族音乐的现场表演，并来信咨询，请你给她一些建议，内容包括：
1. 推荐一种传统音乐表演形式；
2. 推荐的理由；
3. 观看表演的注意事项。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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佛山市第四中学2023-2024学年第一学期开学考试
高二英语试题
(全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。)
第一部分 听力(共20分)
第一节 听力理解(共6小题;每小题2分，满分12分)
材料及问题播放两遍。每段后有三个小题，各段播放前每小题有5秒钟的阅题时间。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题的问题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C项中，选出最佳选项。
听第一段材料，回答第1-3题。
1. A. At an airport. B. In a market. C. In a museum shop.
2. A. Her mother. B. Her friend. C. Her sister.
3. A. A ring. B. A necklace. C. A pair of earrings.
听第二段材料，回答第4-6题。
4. A. Her hobbies. B. Her photo. C. Her driver’s license.
5. A. Chinese. B. French. C. Japanese.
6. A. She visited her uncle. B. She received education. C. She worked as a teacher.
第二节回答问题(共4小题;每小题2分，满分8分)
听第三段材料，然后回答问题。材料及问题读两遍。
7. _____________________________________________
8. _____________________________________________
9. _____________________________________________
10. _____________________________________________
第二部分 阅读(共三节，满分40分)
第一节 阅读理解(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
When places are well-known and popular— historical and modern alike— we might take it for granted that they’ll be around forever. But sadly, many of the world’s best known and culturally significant landmarks are in trouble.
Mount Kilimanjaro’s peak
This mountain, one of the Seven Summits, proves that even giants can fall to climate change due to the vast amounts of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. While the mountain itself, located in Tanzania, isn’t in danger at present, its iconic snow cap might disappear—and shockingly soon. Research found that the snow cap had lost 85% of the total area of its ice fields between 1912 and 2007, and the remaining ice could be history as early as 2030.
Machu Picchu
Located in southern Peru, Machu Picchu is the remains of a huge stone castle that was built during the 15th century. These unbelievable Incan ruins are widely considered one of the must-see spots in South America. However, the site has been a victim of over-tourism, seeing the harmful effects of the crowds it gets as they wear down the structures. In addition, the area surrounding Machu Picchu has seen rapid development of the cities, as well as mudslides and fires, in recent years, leading UNESCO to work for its protection.
Everglades National Park
This stunning Floridian wildlife reserve has sadly found itself fighting for its life in recent years. As ‘the largest subtropical wilderness reserve’ in North America, according to UNESCO, it’s been a beloved travel destination for American citizens for decades, but the damage of time and human activity have not been kind to it. Its survival first came into question after it was destroyed by Hurricane Andrew in 1993. But it’s human influence that has become the primary threat, as water flow to the site has decreased and the impacts of pollution have increased, resulting in harmful algal blooms (赤潮). Its vast, diverse wildlife is more threatened than ever before.
1. Which problem does Mount Kilimanjaro face?
A. Global warming B. City development.
C. Over-tourism D. Ice pollution.
2. What do these three places have in common?
A. They are the impacts of pollution and mudslides.
B. They are destroyed severely due to over-tourism.
C. They are famous but affected by human activities.
D. They are considered as victims of global warming.
3. What is threatened by human activity in Everglades National Park?
A. Lack of popularity. B. Hurricane Andrew.
C. Algal blooms. D. Diverse wildlife.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了三个著名的，但是因受到人类活动而陷入困境的地标。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Mount Kilimanjaro’s peak的第一句“This mountain, one of the Seven Summits, proves that even giants can fall to climate change due to the vast amounts of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. (这座山是七大高峰之一，它证明了即使是巨人也会因为大气中大量的温室气体而陷入气候变化。)”，以及最后两句“Research found that the snow cap had lost 85% of the total area of its ice fields between 1912 and 2007, and the remaining ice could be history as early as 2030. (研究发现，在1912年至2007年期间，雪帽已经失去了冰原总面积的85%，剩余的冰最早可能在2030年成为历史。)”可知，非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗山面临全球变暖问题。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“But sadly, many of the world’s best known and culturally significant landmarks are in trouble. (当一个地方是著名的、受欢迎的——无论是历史上的还是现代的——我们可能会理所当然地认为它们将永远存在。但令人遗憾的是，许多世界上最著名、最具文化意义的地标都陷入了困境。)”，Mount Kilimanjaro’s peak的“This mountain, one of the Seven Summits, proves that even giants can fall to climate change due to the vast amounts of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. (这座山是七大高峰之一，它证明了即使是巨人也会因为大气中大量的温室气体而陷入气候变化。)”，Machu Picchu的“However, the site has been a victim of over-tourism, seeing the harmful effects of the crowds it gets as they wear down the structures. In addition, the area surrounding Machu Picchu has seen rapid development of the cities, as well as mudslides and fires, in recent years, leading UNESCO to work for its protection. (然而，该遗址一直是过度旅游的受害者，看到了由于游客磨损建筑而带来的有害影响。此外，近年来，马丘比丘周围地区的城市发展迅速，泥石流和火灾频发，促使联合国教科文组织开展保护工作。)”，Everglades National Park的倒数第二句“But it’s human influence that has become the primary threat, as water flow to the site has decreased and the impacts of pollution have increased, resulting in harmful algal blooms (赤潮). (但人类的影响已经成为主要的威胁，因为流入该地区的水量减少，污染的影响增加，导致有害的藻类大量繁殖。)”可知，这三个地方都很著名的，但都受到人类活动的影响。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Everglades National Park的“But it’s human influence that has become the primary threat, as water flow to the site has decreased and the impacts of pollution have increased, resulting in harmful algal blooms (赤潮). Its vast, diverse wildlife is more threatened than ever before. (但人类的影响已经成为主要的威胁，因为流入该地区的水量减少，污染的影响增加，导致有害的藻类大量繁殖。其庞大多样的野生动物比以往任何时候都受到更大的威胁。)”可知，多样的野生动物受到人类活动的威胁，故选D项。
B
The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is the first large-scale sea crossing transportation project under China’s “One Country, Two Systems” policy. Jointly constructed by Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao, the bridge is a mega sea crossing system linking Hong Kong, Zhuhai, and Macao.
The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is the longest, most difficult to construct, and the highest- standard cross-sea transportation project in China’s history. It is regarded as the “Qomolangma” of the bridge industry. The bridge is also part of the C4 Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway and G94 Pearl River Delta Ring Expressway within China’s national expressway network.
The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge starts at Lantau Island in Hong Kong, passes through Tai O, crosses the Pearl River Estuary(河口), and its Y-shaped section at the end connects Zhuhai and Macao. The total length of the bridge is 55 km. Its sea section is around 35.578 km long while its underwater tunnel stretches 6.75 km. The construction cost of the bridge exceeded 100 billion yuan. It was jointly funded by the central government and the governments of Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao, which will collect tolls on the bridge for 50 years.
There were many updated technologies in the construction and installation of the Hong Kong - Zhuhai - Macao Bridge. The project also made multiple breakthroughs in infrastructure(基础设施)construction in which the government cooperated with domestic and foreign companies. These experiences will be useful for the Chinese government in the construction of future large - scale engineering projects.
As China continues to advance the Belt and Road Initiative, the Hong Kong – Zhuhai - Macao Bridge will offer new force to the economy of the region. The bridge will increase the attractiveness and influence of Zhuhai, promote the cooperation of Hong Kong, Zhuhai, and Macao in logistics, tourism, and other industries, and drive the economic and social integration of Hong Kong, Macao, and Zhuhai. It will also help strengthen the ties between the three places and facilitate the development of the Guangdong - Hong Kong Macao Greater Bay Area, which is strategically important to the Belt and Road Initiative.
4. What is the meaning of the underlined word “mega” in Paragraph 1?
A. diverse B. great C. broad D. rare
5. Why is “Qomolangma” mentioned in Paragraph 2?
A. It shows the bridge is very famous in the world.
B. It indicates the bridge is very high above the sea.
C. It suggests the difficulties in constructing the bridge.
D It stresses its importance in the national development.
6. What is the significance of the Hong Kong – Zhuhai - Macao Bridge?
A. It has the longest underwater part of the bridge in the world.
B. It strengthens the development and bond of these three places.
C. It has helped the government earn over 100 billion yuan so far.
D. It is the only one of the large-scale engineering projects by China.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章对港珠澳大桥做了简要介绍。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is the first large-scale sea crossing transportation project under China’s “One Country, Two Systems” policy.(港珠澳大桥是中国“一国两制”政策下的首个大型跨海交通项目。)”可知，这座桥是一座规模巨大的桥，划线词的含义应为“宏大”。A. diverse不同的；B. great巨大的；C. broad宽的；D. rare罕见的。分析四个选项，可知B项“great巨大的”符合语境，故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is the longest, most difficult to construct, and the highest- standard cross-sea transportation project in China’s history. It is regarded as the “Qomolangma” of the bridge industry.(港珠澳大桥是中国历史上最长、施工难度最大、标准最高的跨海交通工程。它被视为桥梁行业的“珠穆朗玛峰”)”可知，第二段中提到珠穆朗玛峰的目的是为了说明建造这座桥的困难，故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“It will also help strengthen the ties between the three places and facilitate the development of the Guangdong - Hong Kong Macao Greater Bay Area, which is strategically important to the Belt and Road Initiative(这也将有助于加强三地之间的联系，促进粤香港澳大湾区的发展，这对“一带一路”倡议具有重要的战略意义)”可知，港珠澳大桥的意义是它加强了香港、珠海和澳门这三个地方的发展和联系。故选B项。
C
People have always had trouble pronouncing his name. The 19th-century British prime minister Benjamin Disraeli was once laughed at in Parliament for getting it wrong. If you don’t speak German, it’s not at all obvious how you are supposed to say it. A safe bet is to start with a hard ‘g’ on ‘Ger...’ and end with a ‘ter’: Ger-ter.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe has often been seen as one of Europe’s big cultural heroes— comparable to the likes of Shakespeare, Dante and Homer. He was excellent in a wide range of areas: he wrote many poems, was a huge hit as a novelist and made scientific contributions in physiology, geology and botany. He was also a diplomat, fashion guru (专家), a senior civil servant, the head of a university, a fine artist, an adventurous traveller, the director of a theatre company and the head of a mining company.
During his life, Goethe’s admirers were impressed by his literary works. But more than any of his books, what impressed people at the time was how he lived his life, the kind of person he was. The life was more significant than the books (which helps explain why, unlike Jane Austen or Marcel Proust, his literary works are relatively unknown).
Goethe was born in the city of Frankfurt in 1749. His family was comfortably off—it was new money, made from keeping an inn.
Goethe’s parents took great care with his schooling: he was mainly educated at home; he wrote poetry for his friends, took art classes, and learned Italian. He went to the theatre a lot and became friends with actors. As a member of the upper class, he wore a sword in public from the age of 12.
Goethe studied at the University of Leipzig and later did a master’s degree in law at the University of Strasbourg. He often went to a viewing platform high up on a nearby cathedral tower. He was afraid of heights. But he made himself do it because he liked to overcome difficulties—and loved the view.
7. Why was Benjamin Disraeli laughed at in Parliament?
A. He pronounced his own name wrongly.
B. He didn’t know how to speak German.
C. He couldn’t say Goethe’s name correctly.
D. He once wrote Goethe as Ger-ter mistakenly.
8. What is special about Goethe, compared to Shakespeare, Dante and Homer?
A. He did well in a variety of fields.
B. He was a British big cultural hero.
C. He was one of the literature masters.
D. He wrote numerous novels and poems.
9. What can we know about Goethe?
A. Goethe ran an inn with comfortable rooms by himself.
B. Goethe’s parents devoted themselves to his education.
C. Goethe’s literary works impressed people most at his time.
D. Goethe belonged to the upper class due to his royal family.
10. Which can best describe Goethe’s personality?
A. Cautious and famous. B. Selfless and confident.
C. Honest and generous. D. Brave and intelligent.
【答案】7. C 8. A 9. B 10. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章介绍了与莎士比亚、但丁和荷马相提并论的，常被视为欧洲伟大的文化英雄之一的歌德的生平事迹。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“People have always had trouble pronouncing his name. The 19th-century British prime minister Benjamin Disraeli was once laughed at in Parliament for getting it wrong. If you don’t speak German, it’s not at all obvious how you are supposed to say it. A safe bet is to start with a hard ‘g’ on ‘Ger...’ and end with a ‘ter’: Ger-ter. (人们总是很难念出他的名字。19世纪的英国首相本杰明·迪斯雷利曾因搞错了这个词而在议会受到嘲笑。如果你不会说德语，你应该怎么说就不那么明显了。一个安全的选择是以‘Ger’开头的‘g’开头。，并以‘ter’结尾：Ger-ter。)”，以及第二段“Johann Wolfgang von Goethe has often been seen as one of Europe’s big cultural heroes— comparable to the likes of Shakespeare, Dante and Homer. (约翰·沃尔夫冈·冯·歌德经常被视为欧洲伟大的文化英雄之一，可以与莎士比亚、但丁和荷马相提并论。)”可知，英国首相本杰明·迪斯雷利念错了Johann Wolfgang von Goethe的名字，所以被嘲笑。故选C项。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“He was excellent in a wide range of areas: he wrote many poems, was a huge hit as a novelist and made scientific contributions in physiology, geology and botany. He was also a diplomat, fashion guru (专家), a senior civil servant, the head of a university, a fine artist, an adventurous traveller, the director of a theatre company and the head of a mining company. (他在很多领域都很优秀：他写了很多诗，是一个大获成功的小说家，并在生理学、地质学和植物学方面做出了科学贡献。他还是一名外交官、时尚大师、高级公务员、大学校长、优秀艺术家、爱冒险的旅行家、一家剧团的导演和一家矿业公司的负责人。)”可知，与莎士比亚、但丁和荷马相比较，歌德还在很多领域有建树，故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Goethe was born in the city of Frankfurt in 1749. His family was comfortably off—it was new money, made from keeping an inn. (歌德于1749年出生在法兰克福。他的家庭很富裕——这是靠开客栈赚来的新钱。)”可知，歌德的家庭靠客栈这个产业迅速致富，属于暴发户家庭，文章未提及他是皇室家族；但是第五段“Goethe’s parents took great care with his schooling: he was mainly educated at home; he wrote poetry for his friends, took art classes, and learned Italian. He went to the theatre a lot and became friends with actors. As a member of the upper class, he wore a sword in public from the age of 12. (歌德的父母对他的教育非常关心：他主要在家里接受教育；他为朋友写诗，上美术课，学习意大利语。他经常去剧院，和演员们成了朋友。作为上流社会的一员，他从12岁起就在公共场合佩剑。)”可知，歌德的父母对歌德的教育很用心，致力于对他的教育，故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Johann Wolfgang von Goethe has often been seen as one of Europe’s big cultural heroes— comparable to the likes of Shakespeare, Dante and Homer. He was excellent in a wide range of areas: he wrote many poems, was a huge hit as a novelist and made scientific contributions in physiology, geology and botany. He was also a diplomat, fashion guru (专家), a senior civil servant, the head of a university, a fine artist, an adventurous traveller, the director of a theatre company and the head of a mining company. (约翰·沃尔夫冈·冯·歌德经常被视为欧洲伟大文化英雄之一，可以与莎士比亚、但丁和荷马相提并论。他在很多领域都很优秀:他写了很多诗，是一个大获成功的小说家，并在生理学、地质学和植物学方面做出了科学贡献。他还是一名外交官、时尚大师、高级公务员、大学校长、优秀艺术家、爱冒险的旅行家、一家剧团的导演和一家矿业公司的负责人。)”，以及最后一段“He often went to a viewing platform high up on a nearby cathedral tower. He was afraid of heights. But he made himself do it because he liked to overcome difficulties—and loved the view. (他经常去附近一座大教堂高塔上的观景台。他恐高。但他强迫自己这样做，因为他喜欢克服困难——而且喜欢那里的景色。)”可知，歌德在很多领域都很杰出，他也很勇敢，喜欢战胜困难，所以他是一个智勇兼备（Brave and intelligent）的人，故选D项。
第二节 语句排序(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
11. 将下列几个部分(A、B、C、D和E)按题号排序，构成一个符合逻辑的完整语篇。
A. Based on people’s grammar scores and information about their learning of English, the researchers developed models that predicted how long it takes to become fluent in a language and the best age to start learning.
B. To find the answer, the research team turned to the Internet, to collect data on a person’s current age, language ability and time studying English.
C. The older you get the more difficult it is to learn to speak English like a British. But no one knows exactly at what age it becomes harder, to learn a new language.
D. They concluded that the ability to learn a new language is strongest until the age of 18. This is not to say that we cannot learn a new language if we are over 18, but most of us will not be able to master grammar like a native speaker.
E. They also created a short online grammar quiz that tested noun-verb agreement, pronouns, prepositions, and relative clauses, etc.
【答案】CBEAD
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。本文讲的是对学习英语的一个研究。
【详解】考查文章结构。阅读每一个选项可知，本文讲的是对学习英语的一个研究，C选项“The older you get the more difficult it is to learn to speak English like a British. But no one knows exactly at what age it becomes harder, to learn a new language.(你年纪越大，学像英国人一样说英语就越困难。但是没有人确切地知道在什么年龄学习一门新语言会变得更难。)”引出在什么年龄学习一门新语言会变得更难这个研究问题，位于开头，接下来讲为了寻找这个问题的答案研究人员做了什么，B选项“To find the answer, the research team turned to the Internet, to collect data on a person’s current age, language ability and time studying English.(为了找到答案，研究小组求助于互联网，收集了一个人目前的年龄、语言能力和学习英语的时间的数据。)”说明了为了找到答案，研究人员收集了一个人目前的年龄、语言能力和学习英语的时间的数据，因此排第二；接下来应该说研究人员还做了什么工作，E选项“They also created a short online grammar quiz that tested noun-verb agreement, pronouns, prepositions, and relative clauses, etc.(他们还创建了一个简短的在线语法测验，测试名动一致性、代词、介词和关系从句等。)”说明了研究人员在前面的基础上还做了什么工作，因此位于第三；接下来仍然应该讲研究的过程，A选项“Based on people’s grammar scores and information about their learning of English, the researchers developed models that predicted how long it takes to become fluent in a language and the best age to start learning.(根据人们的语法分数和他们学习英语的信息，研究人员开发了一些模型，可以预测流利掌握一门语言需要多长时间，以及开始学习的最佳年龄。)”说明了研究人员进行研究时所采取的另一个方法，因此位于第四；最后应该陈述研究的结论，D选项“They concluded that the ability to learn a new language is strongest until the age of 18. This is not to say that we cannot learn a new language if we are over 18, but most of us will not be able to master grammar like a native speaker.(他们得出结论，学习一门新语言的能力在18岁之前是最强的。这并不是说我们超过18岁就不能学习一门新语言，但我们大多数人都无法像母语人士那样掌握语法。)”说明了研究的结论，因此位于最后。因此排序是CBEAD。故答案为CBEAD。
第三节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Secrets of Great Savers
Wondering how to save more money but have no idea where to cut?_____12_____They can make your money go further and help you live a more financially secure(保障的) life. You can form a “hand-me-down” club. Since kids grow so fast, their clothes quickly become unwearable even though they still look nice._____13_____Instead of making your local kids’ clothing store rich, organise a club of parents from your child’s school or daycare to exchange hand-me-down clothing.
_____14_____Always buy the same colour and style of socks for your child—preferably white, since you can bleach(漂白) them when they are stained. Since socks always disappear, when you lose one of a pair, you can pair it up with another, because they are all the same.
It is a good idea to take a job for a discount. If you are looking for apart-time job, fill out applications at shops where you often do your shopping._____15_____If you have teenagers in your home who are ready for a job, encourage them to work at your family’s favourite stores with employee discounts too. Not only will you benefit from the discount but you will also gain access to a new world of inside information on upcoming sales!
Why not help your friend move? Always help friends pack their belongings and load the truck when they are moving. When people are loading their households into boxes, they usually find items that they no longer need or do not want to pack or unpack. As a result, you can bring home hundreds of pounds worth of frozen food, tableware, books, toys, furniture(家具) and other household items._____16_____
A. Get socks of one colour.
B. Bleach socks to whiten them.
C. We share four secrets of super savers here.
D. So, parents buy a lot of new clothes to meet the need.
E. Best of all they will still think you’ve done them a favour.
F. For example, clothing shops may give their employees a discount.
G. Once they do a favor, your problem will probably be solved very quickly.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. F 16. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了四个超级省钱的秘诀，这些秘诀可以让你的钱花得更长久，帮助你过上更加经济安全的生活。
【12题详解】
根据前文“Wondering how to save more money but have no idea where to cut?(想知道如何节省更多的钱，但不知道从哪里削减?)”可知，此处提出要节省钱，但不知道如何节省的问题，后文应该对该问题进行回答即提出省钱的方法。C选项“We share four secrets of super savers here.(我们在这里分享超级储蓄者的四个秘密。)”符合语境。故选C。
【13题详解】
根据前文“Since kids grow so fast, their clothes quickly become unwearable even though they still look nice.(因为孩子们长得很快，他们的衣服很快就不能穿了，即使它们看起来还不错。)”可知，此处是说衣服不能穿之后的行动。D选项“So, parents buy a lot of new clothes to meet the need.(所以，父母买了很多新衣服来满足需要。)”的so与前文的since构成因果关系，形成呼应。故选D。
【14题详解】
根据后文的“Always buy the same colour and style of socks for your child—preferably white, since you can bleach(漂白) them when they are stained.(给你的孩子买同样颜色和款式的袜子——最好是白色的，因为当袜子被弄脏时，你可以漂白。)”可知，此处建议的是买相同颜色的袜子，尤其是买白色的袜子。A选项“Get socks of one colour.(买一种颜色的袜子。)”概括本段内容，符合语境。故选A。
【15题详解】
根据前文“It is a good idea to take a job for a discount. If you are looking for apart-time job, fill out applications at shops where you often do your shopping.(接受一份有折扣的工作是个好主意。如果你正在找兼职工作，在你经常购物的商店填写申请表。)”可知，此处建议的是在有折扣的地方兼职。F选项“For example, clothing shops may give their employees a discount.( 例如，服装店可能会给他们的员工打折。)”承接前文，指出在有折扣地方兼职的好处是可以给员工打折。故选F。
【16题详解】
根据前文“As a result, you can bring home hundreds of pounds worth of frozen food, tableware, books, toys, furniture(家具) and other household items.( 因此，你可以把价值数百英镑的冷冻食品、餐具、书籍、玩具、家具和其他家居用品带回家。)”可知，此处说的是，帮朋友搬家可以得到好处。E选项“Best of all they will still think you’ve done them a favour.(最好的是，他们仍然会认为你帮了他们一个忙。)”承接前文，指出除了可以带回家各种东西，同时自己还能够得到朋友的感谢，即认为自己帮了他们一个忙。故选E。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It was Grandpa’s 70th birthday and the whole family had been ____17____ for it for quite some time.
Early in the morning, I woke up ____18____. I got dressed quickly and headed downstairs to help. Mum was already in the ____19____ busy with Grandpa’s special birthday lunch. Dad was nowhere to be seen. After a quick breakfast, I ____20____ the special gift I had made for Grandpa, a ____21____ of his life story—for the last time. For weeks I had been ____22____ this, listening to Grandpa’s stories, ____23____ his favorite music and collecting photos from the family album.
Dad came in with some ____24____ just before lunchtime. ____25____, they were Grandpa’s best friends from secondary school, all in their seventies. Grandpa couldn’t believe his eyes and it took quite a long time for them to ____26____ down. As soon as the guests took their seat, Grandpa’s favorite music began to fill the room with ____27____ of the old days. With each old photo, the guests saw how Grandpa ____28____ from a handsome boy to a kind old gentleman. When grandpa and his friends appeared in an old photo in their school uniforms, there was a lot of laughter, with ____29____ in their eyes.
Towards the end of the party, Grandpa said excitedly, “It is a(n) ____30____ birthday celebration and I’ve got the best gift I have ever received. Now I am ____31____ my eightieth, ninetieth and even one hundredth birthdays already!”
17. A. packing B. admiring C. cleaning D. preparing
18. A. excited B. tired C. curious D. scared
19. A. balcony B. bathroom C. kitchen D. garden
20. A. found B. checked C. bought D. presented
21. A. video B. book C. photo D. poem
22. A. carrying on B. working on C. figuring out D. resulting in
23. A. selecting B. composing C. processing D. adapting
24. A. snacks B. music C. gifts D. guests
25. A. Particularly B. Impressively C. Surprisingly D. Obviously
26. A. put B. break C. take D. calm
27. A. whispers B. wealth C. memories D. collections
28. A. moved B. grew C. developed D. ranged
29. A. tears B. desires C. charm D. faith
30. A. regular B. significant C. effective D. typical
31. A. predicting B. reminding C. approaching D. expecting
【答案】17. D 18. A 19. C 20. B 21. A 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家为庆祝爷爷70岁的生日，做了非常精心的准备。为爷爷请来了中学的好朋友，这让爷爷非常感动。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天是爷爷70岁生日，全家人都为它准备了很长一段时间。A. packing包装；B. admiring欣赏；C. cleaning清洁；D. preparing准备。根据下文“ For weeks I had been ____6____ this, listening to Grandpa’s stories, ____7____ his favorite music and collecting photos from the family album.”可知，作者一家人为爷爷的70岁生日做了很长时间的准备。故选D。
【18题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一大早，我兴奋地醒来。A. excited兴奋；B. tired疲劳的；C. curious好奇的；D. scared害怕的。根据上文语境以及下文“ I got dressed quickly and headed downstairs to help”可知，作者一家人为爷爷的70岁生日做了很长时间的准备。所以爷爷生日那天，一大早作者就很兴奋的醒来了。故选A。
【19题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈已经在厨房里忙着爷爷特别的生日午餐了。A. balcony阳台；B. bathroom浴室；C. kitchen厨房；D. garden花园。根据空后“busy with Grandpa’s special birthday lunch”可知，作者的妈妈在厨房里为爷爷准备特殊的生日午餐。故选C。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：早餐后，我查看了我为爷爷做的特别礼物，这是爷爷最后一次的人生故事视频。A. found找到；B. checked检查；C. bought买；D. presented呈现。根据下文“For weeks I had been ____6____ this, listening to Grandpa’s stories, ____7____ his favorite music and collecting photos from the family album.”可知，作者花几周的时间给爷爷准备了一段视频，所以他是在送给爷爷之前再检查一次。故选B。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：早餐后，我查看了我为爷爷做的特别礼物，这是爷爷最后一次的人生故事视频。A. video视频；B. book书；C. photo照片；D. poem诗。根据下文“listening to Grandpa’s stories, ____7____ his favorite music and collecting photos from the family album.”可知，听爷爷讲他自己的故事，选择他喜欢的音乐和收集家庭相册中的相片都是为了录制视频。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：几个星期以来，我一直在做这件事，听爷爷的故事，选择他最喜欢的音乐，并从家庭相册中收集照片。A. carrying on继续；B. working on从事...工作；C. figuring out算出；D. resulting in导致。根据上文“After a quick breakfast, I ____4____ the special gift I had made for Grandpa, a ____5____ of his life story—for the last time. ”可知，作者好几个星期一直在做给爷爷准备视频这件事。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个星期以来，我一直在做这件事，听爷爷的故事，选择他最喜欢的音乐，并从家庭相册中收集照片。A. selecting选择；B. composing组成；C. processing处理；D. adapting适应。根据下文“Grandpa’s favorite music began to fill the room ”可知，作者挑选了他爷爷喜欢的音乐。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在午饭前，爸爸带着一些客人进来了。A. snacks零食；B. music音乐；C. gifts礼物；D. guests客人。根据下文“they were Grandpa’s best friends from secondary school”可知，作者的父亲带着几位客人来到了他家，这些客人是爷爷以前的朋友。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他们是爷爷中学时最好的朋友，都七十多岁了。A. Particularly特别是；B. Impressively令人印象深刻的；C. Surprisingly令人惊讶的是；D. Obviously明显地。根据下文“Grandpa couldn’t believe his eyes”可知，把爷爷中学时最好的朋友们请过来这件事很令人惊讶。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爷爷简直不敢相信自己的眼睛，花了很长时间才平静下来。A. put放；B. break打破；C. take接受；D. calm平静。根据空前“Grandpa couldn’t believe his eyes and it took quite a long time for them”可知，爷爷对于见到中学的好朋友们感到惊讶，好长时间才平静下来。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：客人一入座，爷爷最喜欢的音乐就让房间里充满了对过去的回忆。A. whispers轻声细语；B. wealth财富；C. memories记忆；D. collections集合。根据空后“the old days”可知，爷爷最喜欢的音乐让人想起了过去的回忆。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在每一张老照片中，客人们看到了爷爷是如何从一个英俊的男孩成长为一位善良的老绅士的。A. moved移动；B. grew生长，成长；C. developed发展；D. ranged变动。根据空后的“from a handsome boy to a kind old gentleman”可知，客人们看着爷爷的老照片，看着他从帅气的男孩长成了一位善良的老人。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当爷爷和他的朋友们穿着校服出现在一张旧照片中时，大家都笑了，眼里噙着泪水。A. tears眼泪；B. desires欲望；C. charm魅力；D. faith信仰。根据语境可知，爷爷们看着照片，回忆着过去的美好，脸上有笑容，眼里有泪水。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个意义重大的生日庆祝活动，我收到了我收到的最好的礼物。A. regular普通的；B. significant有重大意义的；C. effective有效的；D. typical典型的。根据语境可知，一家人为爷爷的生日做了很多的准备，而且请来了爷爷中学时的好朋友。所以爷爷认为这个生日非常有意义。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在我已经期待着我的八十、九十甚至一百岁生日了！A. predicting预测；B. reminding提醒；C. approaching接近；D. expecting期待。根据上文“It is a(n) ____14____ birthday celebration and I’ve got the best gift I have ever received.”可知，爷爷觉得70岁生日过得非常有意义，因此他期待着接下来的八十、九十甚至一百岁生日了。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入如1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
“I just made it to the South Pole!”
Meet Harpreet Kaur Chandi, also known as Polar Preet, the 33-year-old who has been making headlines all over the world after____32____ (become) the first woman of color to complete a solo expedition across Antarctica.
“The reason____33____I chose Antarctica was that Ⅰ didn’t know much about it, and I thought, if I could do something that pushes me so far out of my comfort zone,____34____(hopeful) it’ll inspire other people____35____(do) the same,” said she.
As a part of her tough expedition, Preet endured temperatures as low as minus 50 degrees Celsius, and wind speeds of up to 96 kilometers per hour. She____36____(walk) around 27 kilometers a day, pulling a 90-kilogram sled containing her equipment.
“It was generally windy, and there were only two ____37____(day) that I can remember when there was slight wind. There were times when it was so hard, and I just thought “This is the ____38____(tough) thing I’ve ever done, how am I going to keep going?” And I would break it down and I’d take one step at _____39_____time, but I never thought, “I’m going to give____40____.”
Despite all the hardships and challenges, Preet says that there’s no stopping and that she has started training for_____41_____(she) next adventure.
【答案】32. becoming
33. why 34. hopefully
35. to do 36. walked
37. days 38. toughest 39. a 40. up
41. her
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍Polar Preet完成南极单人探险的励志故事。
【32题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：来认识一下Harpreet Kaur Chandi，也被称为Polar Preet，这位33岁的女性在成为第一位完成南极单人探险的有色人种女性后，登上了世界各地的头条。空前“after”为介词，故空处应为doing形式作宾语。故填becoming。
【33题详解】
考查连词。句意：她说：“我选择南极洲原因是我对它了解不多，我想，如果我能做一些让我远离舒适区的事情，希望它能激励其他人也这样做。”固定句型the reason why...is that...“……的原因是……”，其中why引导的是定语从句，指代先行词“the reason”在从句中充当原因状语。故填why。
【34题详解】
考查副词。句意：她说：“我选择南极洲的原因是我对它了解不多，我想，如果我能做一些让我远离舒适区的事情，希望它能激励其他人也这样做。”应为副词修饰整个句子。故填hopefully。
【35题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她说：“我选择南极洲的原因是我对它了解不多，我想，如果我能做一些让我远离舒适区的事情，希望它能激励其他人也这样做。”固定搭配inspire sb to do sth“激励某人做某事”。故填to do。
【36题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：她每天步行约27公里，拉着一个90公斤重雪橇，里面装着她的设备。空处应为谓语动词。且本句是对过去事情的描述，故应为一般过去时。故填walked。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：一般都是刮风，我记得只有两天有轻微的风。根据空前基数词“two”可知，空处应为可数名词复数。故填days。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：有时候真的很难，我就想这是我做过的最艰难的事情，我怎么能坚持下去。根据空后定语从句“I’ve ever done”可知，应为形容词最高级。故填toughest。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：我会把它分解，一步一步来，但我从来没有想过我会放弃。表示“一次”应为不定冠词表示泛指,time发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：我会把它分解，一步一步来，但我从来没有想过我会放弃。结合句意，应为固定搭配give up“放弃”。故填up。
【41题详解】
考查代词。句意：尽管有这么多困难和挑战，Preet说她不会停下来，她已经开始为她的下一次冒险做准备。根据空后名词“adventure”可知，应为形容词性物主代词。故填her。
第四部分 词汇基础(共20分)
第一节 词义匹配(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
第一组
根据句子内容，从每组的选项中选出能匹配句子中划线部分意义的选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A. very great, very strong or frequent
B. extremely bad or serious
C. not likely to happen; not probable
D. making sb. feel happier or giving sb. more hope
E. a spectacular movement or performance involving flexibility and complexity
F. very deep and dangerous
G. a way of achieving something, or a method for dealing with a situation

42. The local government has taken specific measures to control the spread of the disease.
43. The project seemed unlikely to succeed.
44. People in this area suffered severe losses during the earthquake.
45. He prefers uplifting speeches to detailed policy recommendations.
46. It is a synthesis(综合)of traditional music, dancing, poetry, acrobatics and martial arts.
【答案】42. G 43. C
44. B 45. D
46. E
【解析】
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：当地政府已采取具体措施控制疾病的传播。根据下文“to control the spread of the disease.(以控制疾病的传播)”可推理出划线词的含义应为“措施”，分析待选项，G项“a way of achieving something, or a method for dealing with a situation(实现某事的方法或处理情况的方法)”表达的含义符合语境，故选G项。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这个项目似乎不太可能成功。根据上文“seemed(似乎)”以及下文“to succeed.(成功)”可推理出本句表达的是对项目成功的可能性的推测，分析待选项，C项“not likely to happen; not probable (不太可能发生；不可能)”表达的含义符合语境，故选C项。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这个地区的人们在地震中遭受了严重损失。根据下文“losses during the earthquake (在地震中……损失)”可推理出划线词的含义应为“严重的”，分析待选项，B项“extremely bad or serious (极其糟糕或严重)”表达的含义符合语境，故选B项。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：比起详细的政策建议，他更喜欢振奋人心的演讲。根据下文“detailed policy recommendations (详细的政策建议)”可知他不喜欢详细的政策建议，可推理出划线词的含义应为“振奋人心的”，分析待选项，D项“making sb. feel happier or giving sb. more hope (使某人感到更快乐或给某人更多希望)”表达的含义符合语境，故选D项。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：它融合了传统音乐、舞蹈、诗歌、杂技和武术。根据上文“music, dancing, poetry (音乐、舞蹈、诗歌)”以及下文“martial arts(武术)”可推理出划线词表达的是一种技艺，分析待选项，E项“a spectacular movement or performance involving flexibility and complexity (具有灵活性和复杂性的壮观动作或表演)”表达的含义符合语境，故选E项。
第二组
根据句子内容，从每组的选项中选出能匹配句子中划线部分意义的选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A. an act of trying to do sth., especially sth. difficult, often with no success
B. very large, heavy and solid
C. include sth as a necessary part
D. happy and satisfied
E. in or to lower position than sb/sth.
F. to help sth. to happen or develop
G. facts or information, especially when examined and used to find out things or to make decisions

47. The found the body buried beneath a pile of leaves.
48. The explosion made a massive hole in the ground.
49. Ms Yi had a contented life until a terrible event occurred which changed her life.
50. The job involves travelling abroad for three months every year.
51. We need to promote an open exchange of ideas and information.
【答案】47. E 48. B
49. D 50. C
51. F
【解析】
【47题详解】
考查介词。句意：他们发现尸体埋在一堆树叶下面。根据上文“buried(被埋藏的)”以及下文“a pile of leaves(一堆树叶)”可推理出划线词的含义为“在……之下”，分析待选项，E项“in or to lower position than sb/sth(位置比某人/某物低)”表达的含义符合语境，故选E项。
【48题详解】
考查形容词。句意：爆炸在地上形成了一个大洞。根据上文“The explosion(爆炸)”以及下文“hole(洞)”可推理出划线词的含义应为“巨大的”，分析待选项，B项“very large, heavy and solid(非常大、沉重和坚固)”表达的含义符合语境，故选B项。
【49题详解】
考查形容词。句意：易一直过着满足的生活，直到一件可怕的事情发生，改变了她的生活。根据下文“until a terrible event occurred which changed her life(直到一件可怕的事情发生，改变了她的生活)”可推理出划线词的含义应为“满足的”，分析待选项，D项“happy and satisfied (快乐的、满足的)”表达的含义符合语境，故选D项。
【50题详解】
考查动词。句意：这份工作包括每年出国旅行三个月。根据下文“travelling abroad for three months every year(每年出国旅行三个月)”可知，下文表达的是上文的内容，划线词的含义应为“包含”，分析待选项，C项“include sth as a necessary part(将某事物作为必要的组成部分)”表达的含义符合语境，故选C项。
【51题详解】
考查动词。句意：我们需要促进思想和信息的公开交流。根据下文“an open exchange of ideas and information(思想和信息的公开交流)”可推理出划线词的含义应为“促进”，分析待选项，F项“to help sth. to happen or develop(帮助某事发生或发展)”表达的含义符合语境，故选F项。
第二节 单词拼写(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
根据前后文及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式。
52. After years of research, professional learning and practice with hundreds of children, the professor discovered a(n)_________(简化了的) method of teaching children with learning disabilities.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】simplified
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：经过多年的研究、专业学习和数百名儿童的实践，这位教授发现了一种简化的教学方法。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词simplified，修饰名词method，作定语。故填simplified。
53. When a person receives _________(认可)for the things that they have done, people acknowledge the value or skill of their work. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】recognition
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：当一个人所做的事情得到认可时，人们承认他们工作的价值或技能。根据汉语提示可知应填名词recognition ，作宾语，表抽象概念，不可数。故填recognition 。
54. It’s important to understand what type of learner you are, so you can develop your learning _________(技巧) around that. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】skills
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：了解你是哪种类型的学习者是很重要的，这样你就可以围绕着这一点发展你的学习技能。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，表示“学习技巧”用learning skill，此处表示复数意义。故填skills。
55. In China, posting _________(带有威胁的) words online is also against the law. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】threatening
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在中国，在网上发布威胁性言论也是违法的。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用-ing结尾形容词threatening，修饰名词words，作定=定语。故填threatening。
56. All the _________(准备) have been completed, so we are ready to go. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】preparations
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：所有的准备工作都已完成，所以我们准备出发了。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用名词preparation，可数名词，作主语，由空后have been可知，主语是复数，应用名词复数形式。故填preparations。
57. You should take measures to raise the public’s a_________ of protecting the environment. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】awareness##wareness
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：你们应该采取措施提高公众保护环境的意识。根据raise，of protecting the environment和首字母提示可推知，空处应用名词awareness，作raise的宾语，意为“意识”，是不可数名词，表示提高公众保护环境的意识。故填awareness。
58. There will be a Chinese paper-cutting art e_________ this Sunday in the art gallery. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】exhibition##xhibition
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这个星期天美术馆将有一个中国剪纸艺术展。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填名词exhibition，作主语，不定冠词提示用单数。故填exhibition。
59. The organisation was e_________ in 2012 and now it is known to so many local people. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】established##stablished
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：该组织成立于2012年，现在很多当地人都知道它。根据下文“now it is known to so many local people.(现在很多当地人都知道它)”可知，空白处应填表示“建立”含义的动词，根据首字母提示，以e开头且含义为“建立”的词为establish，分析句子结构，根据空白处前面的助动词was可知，本句使用了被动语态，空白处应填过去分词。故填established。
60. Jet Li (Li Lianjie) gained a r_________ for his commitment to charity work. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】recognition##ecognition
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：李连杰因致力于慈善事业而获得肯定。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作宾语，应用名词，根据下文“for his commitment to charity work(因致力于慈善事业)”可知，空白处应填表示“认可”含义的名词，根据首字母提示可知，此处应用名词recognition，由空前a可知，应用名词单数形式。故填recognition。
61. According to the WWF, g_________ warming may kill off polar bears in the next 20 years. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】global##lobal
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：据世界自然基金会称，全球变暖可能会在未来20年内使北极熊灭绝。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填形容词global，作定语修饰warming。故填global。
第五部分 书面表达(共40分)
第一节 完成句子(每小题3分，满分15分)
根据前后文及所给中文在空格处用合适的英文完成句子。
62. ________________(据说) we’ll have to do extra work on Sunday. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】It’s said that
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：据说我们星期天要加班。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用固定句型it’s said that。故填It’s said that。
63. He rushed out and spotted a snake on the ground, ________________(发出尖叫声). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】letting out a scream##letting out a cry
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。句意：他冲出去，发现地上有一条蛇，发出了尖叫声。“发出尖叫声”中的“发出”可用动词短语let out，表示“突然发出（大的声音）”，“尖叫声”可用名词短语a scream或a cry，且句子主干成分完整，空处表示随着他发现蛇后自然发生的结果，是句子的结果状语，因此let应用现在分词形式。故填letting out a scream/cry。
64 He ________________(对……置之不理)his own family when they needed help. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】turned his back on
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：他的家人需要帮助时，他却置之不理。根据汉语提示可知短语为turn one's back on，结合后文when they needed help可知为一般过去时。故填turned his back on。
65. ________________(简单地说), active learning requires students to do meaningful learning activities and think about what they are doing. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】In short
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：简而言之，主动学习要求学生做有意义的学习活动，思考自己在做什么。根据汉语提示可知短语为in short，首字母大写。故填In short。
66. I’m writing to ________________(申请) to enter English speech contest. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】apply
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我写信是为了申请参加英语演讲比赛。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词apply，空前面的to，是不定式符号，应用动词原形，作目的状语。故填apply。
第二节 应用文写作(满分25分)
67. 假如你是李华，你的笔友Mary想来广州看一场中国民族音乐的现场表演，并来信咨询，请你给她一些建议，内容包括：
1. 推荐一种传统音乐表演形式；
2. 推荐的理由；
3. 观看表演的注意事项。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Mary,
Knowing you are wondering about information on A live performance of Chinese folk music, I am writing to give you a brief introduction about Chinese folk songs.
Chinese folk songs are part of the performance of Chinese folk music, which is to be held in our city. They are very popular with Chinese people, and they express the feelings, the emotions and the hopes of people about love and life. During the performance, you can enjoy different kinds of sweet songs. Besides, it’s a good opportunity to learn more about Chinese folk music.
By the way, taking photos are not permitted during the performance. It is also bad manners to talk loudly at the scene. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Lihua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给你的笔友Mary写一封信来介绍一场中国民族音乐的现场表演。
【详解】1.词汇积累
信息：information→message
简明的：brief→concise
机会：opportunity→chance
允许：permit→allow
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：They are very popular with Chinese people, and they express the feelings, the emotions and the hopes of people about love and life.
拓展句：Chinese folk songs, which express the feelings, the emotions and the hopes of people about love and life, are very popular with Chinese people.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Chinese folk songs are part of the performance of Chinese folk music, which is to be held in our city.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Besides, it’s a good opportunity to learn more about Chinese folk music.(运用了不定式作定语)