湖北省高中名校联盟2023-2024学年高三英语上学期第一次联合测评试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份湖北省高中名校联盟2023-2024学年高三英语上学期第一次联合测评试题（Word版附解析），共5页。
湖北省高中名校联盟2024届高三第一次联合测评
英语
注意事项：
1. 答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2、回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 用签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)
做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话, 每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题, 每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who is the woman looking for?
A. Jennifer Lopez. B. Emma Stone. C. Ben Affleck.
2. When did the woman have her birthday party?
A. On Saturday. B. On Friday. C. On Thursday.
3. What does the man refuse to have?
A. Milk. B. Chocolate. C. Salad.
4. What are they talking about?
A. Health. B. Weather. C. Environment.
5. Why does the woman come to the man?
A. To turn to him for help. B. To inform him of a test. C. To remind him to study.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或读白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第 6 至 7 题。
6. Why did Lisa win an award?
A. She wrote a nice poem. B. She wrote a good article. C. She wrote beautiful music.
7. What will Justin spend his money on?
A. A new camera. B. A new computer. C. A new guitar.
听第7段材料, 回答第8至10题。
8. Where does the woman want to go?
A. The Globe Theater. B. The town hall. C. The garage.
9. Why will it cost the woman a lot to get to her destination?
A. It’s the heavy traffic time. B. The destination is far away. C. She has a lot to carry.
10. What does the man remind the woman to do?
A. Shut the door.
B. Fill the car up with petrol.
C. Take her luggage when getting off.
听第8段材料, 回答第11至13题。
11. Who called Susan just now?
A. The Printing company. B. Royal Company Limited. C. The Advertising agency.
12. What caused the delay in printing?
A. An urgent call. B. A tight schedule. C. A power cut.
13. What is the man expected to do right away?
A. Head to the factory. B. Make a phone call. C. Get the brochures.
听第9段材料, 回答第14至17题。
14. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Best friends. C. Family members.
15. Who is Michael White?
A. A member of a school club.
B. A champion cyclist in the town.
C. A friend of the woman.
16. What event will happen on Sunday?
A. A cycling race. B. An important exam. C. A meeting.
17. What are the speakers mainly discussing?
A. A new club. B. The Olympic Games. C. Homework.
听第10段材料, 回答第18至20题。
18. What can we know about Alex according to the speaker?
A. He loves gardening. B. He works with the speaker. C. He is an Internet expert.
19. What happened to Alex and his team in the trip?
A. They discovered a new animal.
B. They planted various trees in the rainforest.
C. They had been apart for some nights.
20. What will Alex do on the show?
A. Talk about his adventures.
B. Give some tips on studying.
C. Answer some questions.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Things to Do in Northern Ireland This Autumn
WEE BINNIAN WALKING FESTIVAL (SEPTEMBER)
The exact dates of this annual walking festival are still to be confirmed, but if it’s similar to last year, it’ll offer a choice of ten walks and hikes around the Mourne Mountains, ranging from easier lowland routes to tough, multi-summit challenges. Evening social events are also included.
GREAT NORTH LINKS CHALLENGE (18-20 OCTOBER)
Calling all golfers. You can enter this three-day event-spread along the north coast between Ballyliffin, Portruth and Portstewart, as an individual or team of four. A perfect opportunity to play three Irish Open links courses in three days.
ARMAGH FOOD AND CIDER WEEKEND (SEPTEMBER)
A four-day feast of authentic food and artisan ciders (苹果酒) in Ireland’s “Orchard County”. This celebration is also coupled with the traditional apple harvest. You can taste local food from the country’s most inventive chefs.
OULD LAMMAS FAIR (LAST WEEK OF AUGUST)
People have been flocking to the seaside town of Ballycastle since the 17th century to celebrate this fair. Attractions include a Heavy Horse Show, horse speed events on the beach, funfair, outdoor concert and a fireworks display, as well as unique local produce and handmade arts and crafts.
1. What is the best date to arrive if you want to attend GREAT NORTH LINKS CHALLENGE?
A. 17th October. B. 18th August. C. 20th October. D. 1st September.
2. What can people do at the town of Ballycastle?
A. Play golf. B. Go hiking. C. Watch horse races. D. Taste apple ciders.
3. In which section of a website can we probably read this text?
A. Tourism. B. Sports. C. Education. D. Arts.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了今年秋天在北爱尔兰可做的事情。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“GREAT NORTH LINKS CHALLENGE (18-20 OCTOBER)”可知，大北路挑战在10月18日至20日之间举行。再结合选项可知，如果你想参加大北路挑战赛，10月17日是到达的最佳日期。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“People have been flocking to the seaside town of Ballycastle since the 17th century to celebrate this fair. Attractions include a Heavy Horse Show, horse speed events on the beach, funfair, outdoor concert and a fireworks display, as well as unique local produce and handmade arts and crafts.(自17世纪以来，人们就蜂拥到海滨小镇巴利卡斯尔来庆祝这个博览会。吸引游客的项目包括重马表演、海滩赛马比赛、游乐场、户外音乐会和烟花表演，以及独特的当地农产品和手工工艺品)”可推知，人们可以在巴利卡斯尔镇观看赛马。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章标题“Things to Do in Northern Ireland This Autumn”及下文介绍可知，文章介绍了今年秋天在北爱尔兰可做的事情。由此推知，我们可以在某网站的旅游板块读到这篇文章。故选A。
B
Alicia Quarles has her hands full these days — both of them, at all hours of the day and night.
“Having a baby unexpectedly at 41 is one thing; having twins is a whole other beast, ” says the global entertainment editor.
Actually, until her pregnancy Quarles had been living at breakneck speed. It went so until last year. “I was exhausted,” she says. “I’d been working three jobs, doing my charity and going nonstop. I was afraid my mental health was getting worse.” In early August she took herself to the hospital, to see if she was OK. Doctors ran multiple tests and told her that she had had an anxiety attack, and she was 11 weeks pregnant.
“She was stressed and decompensated (代谢失调的), so everything just came to more than she could handle at the time,” explains doctor Miriam Barnes, who began treating her. “Fortunately, she tried to be positive and seek help from me immediately. I told her not to have any medication at that stage and advised her to take natural therapy (疗法).”
A week later Quarles learned that she was having twins. But instead of that news adding to her anxiety, “a total peace came over me, and it felt like it all made sense,” she says. Quarles, who did not take any medication, returned home to her loved ones in North Carolina, where she gave birth to Hudson and Harlow on Feb. 16. “There’s nothing like family,” she says. “I found out through working on myself in natural therapy that there were a lot of things I hadn’t dealt with. I just kept going.”
These days Quarles uses social media to document her joyful motherhood journey. Quarles has put her anxiety behind but remains in therapy — and wants to encourage others who feel stressed to get help. “At first I felt guilty and embarrassed,” she admits. “I don’t anymore. My message is you can fall down. But you can stand up, by yourself or with the help of others. It’s not a shame, and it’s a blessing.”
4. Which of the following best explains “breakneck” underlined in paragraph 2?
A. Safe and slow. B. Fast and dangerous.
C. Exciting and terrifying. D. Gentle and comfortable.
5. Why did Quarles return to North Carolina?
A. To give birth and make some friends.
B. To have a break and treat her anxiety.
C. To take natural therapy and stay alone.
D. To look after her family and visit a doctor.
6. What does Quarles suggest people under pressure do?
A. Keep standing up. B. Fall down if needed.
C. Face whatever comes. D. Obtain assistance when necessary.
7. What is a suitable title for the text?
A. An Anxious 41-year-old Mother
B. A Mother’s Astonishing Experience
C. An Interesting Taste of Motherhood
D. A Mother Fighting Her Mental Breakdown
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了41岁的艾丽西亚·夸尔斯由于压力太大，患上焦虑症，后来得知自己怀了双胞胎，于是夸尔斯开始用社交媒体记录她快乐的母亲之旅。夸尔斯已经把焦虑抛在脑后，但仍在接受治疗，她想鼓励其他感到压力的人去寻求帮助。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“Alicia Quarles has her hands full these days — both of them, at all hours of the day and night.(这些天艾丽西亚·夸尔斯忙得不可开交——无论是白天还是晚上)”及划线词下文““I was exhausted,” she says. “I’d been working three jobs, doing my charity and going nonstop. I was afraid my mental health was getting worse.”(“我筋疲力尽，”她说。“我一直在做三份工作，做慈善，不停地工作。我担心我的心理健康状况会越来越差。”)”可知，夸尔斯工作繁忙，生活速度非常快，以至于筋疲力尽。由此推知，划线词breakneck与Fast and dangerous(快速危险)意思接近。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Quarles, who did not take any medication, returned home to her loved ones in North Carolina, where she gave birth to Hudson and Harlow on Feb. 16. “There’s nothing like family,” she says. “I found out through working on myself in natural therapy that there were a lot of things I hadn’t dealt with. I just kept going.”(2月16日，她回到她在北卡罗来纳州的亲人身边，生下了哈德森和哈洛。“没有什么比家人更好的了，”她说。我发现，通过自然疗法对自己进行治疗，有很多事情我没有处理过。我只是继续前进。”)”可推知，夸尔斯回到北卡罗来纳休息一下，治疗她的焦虑。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Quarles has put her anxiety behind but remains in therapy — and wants to encourage others who feel stressed to get help.(夸尔斯已经把焦虑抛在脑后，但仍在接受治疗，她想鼓励其他感到压力的人去寻求帮助)”可知，夸尔斯建议有压力的人在必要时寻求帮助。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“Doctors ran multiple tests and told her that she had had an anxiety attack, and she was 11 weeks pregnant.(医生给她做了多次检查，告诉她这是焦虑症发作，而且她已经怀孕11周了)”和第五段中的“Quarles, who did not take any medication, returned home to her loved ones in North Carolina, where she gave birth to Hudson and Harlow on Feb. 16. “There’s nothing like family,” she says. “I found out through working on myself in natural therapy that there were a lot of things I hadn’t dealt with. I just kept going.”(2月16日，她回到她在北卡罗来纳州的亲人身边，生下了哈德森和哈洛。“没有什么比家人更好的了，”她说。我发现，通过自然疗法对自己进行治疗，有很多事情我没有处理过。我只是继续前进。”)”及最后一段中的“Quarles has put her anxiety behind but remains in therapy — and wants to encourage others who feel stressed to get help.(夸尔斯已经把焦虑抛在脑后，但仍在接受治疗，她想鼓励其他感到压力的人去寻求帮助)”可知，文章讲述了41岁的艾丽西亚·夸尔斯由于压力太大，患上焦虑症，后来得知自己怀了双胞胎，于是夸尔斯开始用社交媒体记录她快乐的母亲之旅，夸尔斯已经把焦虑抛在脑后，并想鼓励其他感到压力的人去寻求帮助。由此可知，D. A Mother Fighting Her Mental Breakdown(一位与精神崩溃作斗争的母亲)适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。
C
Desperately ill and seeking a miracle, David Bennett Sr. took the last bet on Jan. 7. when be became the first human to be successfully transplanted with the heart of a pig. “It creates the beat; it creates the pressure; it is his heart,” declared Bartley Griffith, director of the surgical team that performed the operation at the University of Maryland Medical Center.
Bennett, 57, held on through 60 tomorrows, far longer than any previous patient who’d received a heart from another species. His remarkable run offered new hope that such procedures, known as xenotransplantation (异种移植), could help relieve the shortage of replacement organs, saving thousands of lives each year.
The earliest attempts at xenotransplantation of organs, involving kidneys from rabbits, goats, and other animals, occurred in the early 20th century, decades before the first successful human-to-human transplants. Rejection, which occurs when the recipient’s body system recognizes the donor organ as a foreign object and attacks it, followed within hours or days. Results improved after some special drugs arrived in the 1960s, but most recipients still died after a few weeks. The record for a heart xenotransplant was set in 1983, when an infant named Baby Fae survived for 20 days with an organ from a baboon (狒狒).
In recent years, however, advances in gene editing have opened a new possibility: re-edit some genes in animals to provide user-friendly spare parts. Pigs could be ideal for this purpose, because they’re easy to raise and reach adult human size in months. Some biotech companies. including Revivicor, are investing heavily in the field. The donor pig was offered by Revivicor from a line of animals in which 10 genes had been re-edited to improve the heart’s condition. Beyond that, the pig was raised in isolation and tested regularly for viruses that could infect humans or damage the organ itself.
This medical breakthrough provided an alternative for the 20% of patients on the heart transplant waiting list who die while waiting or become too sick to be a good candidate.
8. What does the underlined word “run” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Donating his heart to a patient.
B. Performing the heart operation.
C. Living for 60 days after the operation.
D. Receiving a new heart from a pig.
9. Which aspect of xenotransplantation does paragraph 3 mainly focus on?
A. Its history. B. Its procedure. C. Its consequence. D. Its significance.
10. What makes pigs ideal for providing spare parts in xenotransplantation?
A. Their growth rate and health condition.
B. Their life pattern and resistance to viruses.
C. Their easiness of keeping and rapid growth.
D. Their investment value and natural qualities.
11. Why was Bennett’s operation regarded as a breakthrough?
A. It introduced new medications to prevent organ rejection.
B. It proved the potential for using organs from various animals.
C. It guaranteed a sufficient supply of donor pigs for transplants.
D. It offered a prospect of replacement organs through gene editing.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了第一个成功移植猪心脏的人，他坚持了60天，比以往任何接受过其他物种心脏移植的病人都要长得多。他的出色表现给人们带来了新的希望，即，这种被称为异种移植的手术可以帮助缓解替代器官的短缺，每年挽救数千人的生命。这一医学突破为心脏移植等待名单上20%的患者提供了另一种选择。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Bennett, 57, held on through 60 tomorrows, far longer than any previous patient who’d received a heart from another species. His remarkable run offered new hope that such procedures, known as xenotransplantation, could help relieve the shortage of replacement organs, saving thousands of lives each year.(57岁的贝内特坚持了60个明天，比以往任何接受过其他物种心脏移植的病人都要长得多。他的出色表现给人们带来了新的希望，即这种被称为异种移植的手术可以帮助缓解替代器官的短缺，每年挽救数千人的生命)”可知，His remarkable run指的是上文提到的“57岁的贝内特坚持了60个明天”，即手术后活了60天。故选C。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“The earliest attempts at xenotransplantation of organs, involving kidneys from rabbits, goats, and other animals, occurred in the early 20th century, decades before the first successful human-to-human transplants. Rejection, which occurs when the recipient’s body system recognizes the donor organ as a foreign object and attacks it, followed within hours or days. Results improved after some special drugs arrived in the 1960s, but most recipients still died after a few weeks. The record for a heart xenotransplant was set in 1983, when an infant named Baby Fae survived for 20 days with an organ from a baboon.( 最早的异种器官移植尝试发生在20世纪初，涉及兔子、山羊和其他动物的肾脏，比第一次成功的人对人移植早了几十年。当受者的身体系统将供体器官识别为异物并对其进行攻击时，就会发生排异反应，排异反应会在数小时或数天内发生。20世纪60年代，一些特殊药物问世后，效果有所改善，但大多数接受者仍在几周后死亡。异种心脏移植的记录是在1983年创造的，当时一个名叫“费伊宝宝”(Baby Fae)的婴儿用狒狒的器官存活了20天)”可知，第三段主要介绍了异种移植的历史。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Pigs could be ideal for this purpose, because they’re easy to raise and reach adult human size in months.(猪可能是这个目的的理想选择，因为它们很容易饲养，几个月内就能达到成年人的体型)”可知，猪易养且生长速度快，是异种移植的理想供给品。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“In recent years, however, advances in gene editing have opened a new possibility: re-edit some genes in animals to provide user-friendly spare parts.(然而，近年来，基因编辑的进步开辟了一种新的可能性：重新编辑动物的一些基因，以提供用户友好的备件)”及最后一段“This medical breakthrough provided an alternative for the 20% of patients on the heart transplant waiting list who die while waiting or become too sick to be a good candidate.(这一医学突破为20%在心脏移植等待名单上的患者提供了另一种选择，这些患者在等待期间死亡或因病情严重而无法成为良好的候选者)”可推知，贝内特的手术被认为是一个突破，因为它提供了通过基因编辑替代器官的前景。故选D。
D
Science is a process that builds upon existing theories and knowledge by continuously revising them. Every aspect of scientific knowledge can be questioned, including the general rules of thinking that appear to be most certain. So why is science trustworthy if it is always changing? If tomorrow we will no longer see the world as Newton or Einstein found it to be, why should we take seriously today’s scientific description of the world?
The answer is simple: Because at any given moment of our history, this description of the world is the best we have. The fact that it can be made better can’t diminish (降低) the fact that it is a useful instrument for understanding the world.
Consider a folk healer’s herbal medicine. Can we say this treatment is “scientific”? Yes, if it is proven to be effective, even if we have no idea why it works. In fact, quite a few common medications used today have their origin in folk treatments, and we are still not sure how they work. This does not imply that folk treatments are generally effective. To the contrary, many of them are not. What distinguishes scientific medicine is the readiness to seriously test a treatment and to be ready to change our minds if something is shown not to work. A research doctor in a modern hospital must be ready to change his theory if a more effective way of understanding illness, or treating it, becomes available.
What makes modern science uniquely powerful is its refusal to believe that it already possesses ultimate truth. The reliability of science is based not on certainty but on a complete absence of certainty. As John Stuart Mill wrote in “On Liberty” in 1859, “The beliefs which we have most warrant (依据) for, have no safeguard to rest on, but a standing invitation to the whole world to prove them unfounded.”
12. Why does the author raise the two questions in paragraph 1?
A. To add some fun. B. To express doubts.
C. To introduce the topic. D. To provide background.
13. What can we learn about today’s scientific description of the world?
A It can be timeless. B. It can be improved.
C. It is of little value. D. It is the best at any moment.
14. What is the author’s attitude toward folk treatment?
A. Dismissive. B. Objective. C. Pessimistic. D. Sympathetic.
15. What is the main idea of paragraph 4?
A. It is unwise to believe in science.
B. Too much uncertainty lies in science.
C. The foundation of science is unfounded.
D. The lack of certainty makes science credible.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了尽管科学总是在变化，但是它还是值得信赖的原因。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“So why is science trustworthy if it is always changing? If tomorrow we will no longer see the world as Newton or Einstein found it to be, why should we take seriously today’s scientific description of the world?(那么，如果科学总是在变化，为什么它是值得信赖的呢？如果明天我们看到的世界不再像牛顿或爱因斯坦发现的那样，我们为什么要认真对待今天对世界的科学描述呢？)”及下文论述可推知，作者在第一段中提出了两个问题是为了引入文章话题。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The answer is simple: Because at any given moment of our history, this description of the world is the best we have. The fact that it can be made better can’t diminish (降低) the fact that it is a useful instrument for understanding the world.(答案很简单：因为在我们历史的任何时刻，这种对世界的描述都是我们拥有的最好的描述。它可以变得更好这一事实不能削弱它是理解世界的有用工具这一事实)”可知，今天对世界的科学描述还可以改进。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Consider a folk healer’s herbal medicine. Can we say this treatment is “scientific”? Yes, if it is proven to be effective, even if we have no idea why it works. In fact, quite a few common medications used today have their origin in folk treatments, and we are still not sure how they work. This does not imply that folk treatments are generally effective. To the contrary, many of them are not.(考虑一下民间治疗师的草药。我们能说这种治疗是“科学的”吗？是的，如果它被证明是有效的，即使我们不知道它为什么有效。事实上，今天使用的许多常用药物都起源于民间治疗，我们仍然不确定它们是如何起作用的。这并不意味着民间疗法通常是有效的。相反，许多民间疗法并非如此)”可知，作者既陈述了民间治疗的优点，又提到了不足。由此推知，作者对民间治疗持客观态度。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“What makes modern science uniquely powerful is its refusal to believe that it already possesses ultimate truth. The reliability of science is based not on certainty but on a complete absence of certainty.(现代科学之所以具有独特的力量，是因为它拒绝相信自己已经掌握了终极真理。科学的可靠性不是建立在确定的基础上，而是建立在完全不确定的基础上)”可知，第四段主要论述了缺乏确定性使得科学可信。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。
Are your teenagers getting enough sleep? It’s the key to exam success. If they sleep well, they will be more likely to perform better. Here are some practical ways you can help them.
___16___Parents should avoid falling asleep on the sofa in the evenings or using tech devices when it’s late. Commit to your own bedtime routine so that your teenager can be your follower.
Work out exactly how much sleep they need. Teenagers should aim for between eight and ten hours’ sleep a night, according to the World Health Organisation. ___17___ Maybe it’s eight, or maybe it’s nine. But those who get less than seven hours most nights are not getting enough.
Establish a wind-down (放松) routine. Once they know how much sleep they’re aiming for, help them to achieve this by negotiating a 30 to 60-minute wind-down routine before they go to bed, at the same time every night. ___18___
Let them have a weekend lie-in. Enable your children to get up as late as they can, sparing them the morning chores. ___19___ Troubling teenagers out of bed at weekends works against their sleep pattern.
___20___ They will reward you more.
A. Lead by example.
B. Let your teenagers have more sleep.
C. Half an hour of exercise can excite their body.
D. But the exact amount of sleep your teenager needs is unique.
E. Getting up late occasionally will improve their work efficiency.
F. On study-leave days an extra hour in bed will help them concentrate better.
G. A bath will bring the body temperature down a degree which is ideal for sleep.
【答案】16. A 17. D 18. G 19. F 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些可以帮助青少年保证睡眠充足的实用方法。
【16题详解】
根据下文“Parents should avoid falling asleep on the sofa in the evenings or using tech devices when it’s late. Commit to your own bedtime routine so that your teenager can be your follower.(父母应该避免晚上在沙发上睡着，或者在很晚的时候使用科技设备。保证你自己的就寝时间，这样你的孩子就会成为你的追随者)”可知，本段主要讲述了父母应该做孩子的好榜样。由此可知，A. Lead by example.(以身作则)适合作本段主旨句，符合语境。故选A。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Work out exactly how much sleep they need. Teenagers should aim for between eight and ten hours’ sleep a night, according to the World Health Organisation.(算出他们到底需要多少睡眠。根据世界卫生组织的建议，青少年每晚应该保证8到10个小时的睡眠)”可知，本段主要讲述青少年需要的睡眠时间。由此可知，D. But the exact amount of sleep your teenager needs is unique.(但是你的青少年需要的确切睡眠时间是独一无二的)能够衔接上文，符合语境。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Establish a wind-down (放松) routine. Once they know how much sleep they’re aiming for, help them to achieve this by negotiating a 30 to 60-minute wind-down routine before they go to bed, at the same time every night.(建立一个逐渐放松的例行程序。一旦他们知道了自己想要的睡眠时间，就可以在每晚睡觉前的同一时间安排30到60分钟的放松时间来帮助他们实现这个目标)”可知，本段主要讲述睡前安排一些放松时间。由此可知，G. A bath will bring the body temperature down a degree which is ideal for sleep.(洗澡可以使体温降低一度，这是睡眠的理想条件)属于一种放松方式，符合语境。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Let them have a weekend lie-in. Enable your children to get up as late as they can, sparing them the morning chores.(让他们周末睡个懒觉。让你的孩子尽可能晚起，让他们少做早上的家务)”可知，本段主要讲述学习休假的日子里，让孩子多休息。由此可知，F. On study-leave days an extra hour in bed will help them concentrate better.(在学习休假的日子里，多睡一小时有助于他们更好地集中注意力)能够衔接上文，符合语境。故选F。
【20题详解】
此处位于文章尾段，B. Let your teenagers have more sleep.(让你的孩子有更多的睡眠)能够照应首段中的“Here are some practical ways you can help them.(这里有一些实用的方法可以帮助他们)”，同时引起下文“They will reward you more.(他们会回报你更多)”，符合语境。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The 8-year-old boy across the street stormed in and out of his own house very often. A neighbor, William Dunn, ___21___what was going on in his life. So Dunn asked him.
“He told me that he didn’t have a___22___,” says Dunn, now 58, “and I realized there was___23___I could do for him.” That something was___24___, a passion Dunn’s father had shared with him.
Dunn has taken groups of kids out almost every ___25___to fish. Most didn’t have father figures in their lives and had never fished. “They’d been through a lot, and their lives were___26___,” Dunn says. “But when they were fishing, all of that___27___. Out on the boat, they’d be smiling, and even___28___.”
Jayden, now 13, has become a devoted fisherman and___29___ Dunn with helping him mature. “I hope he knows I mean it when I say thank you,” he says.
Just as_____30_____as the fishing are the_____31_____Dunn forms with the kids. “When Jayden was going through a_____32_____period recently in study — I let Dunn know that his grades were suffering and he had a little talk with Jayden” Jayden’s mother says. To her delight, Jayden’s grades_____33_____improved in the next exam.
“There is nothing like seeing a_____34_____light up with a smile,” Dunn says. “I feel lucky to_____35_____that every weekend.”
21. A. revealed B. explained C. doubted D. wondered
22. A. mother B. father C. brother D. sister
23. A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything
24. A. camping B. boating C. fishing D. running
25. A. day B. month C. year D. weekend
26. A. different B. difficult C. disciplined D. dynamic
27. A. went away B. broke out C. came about D. took over
28. A. studying B. sailing C. singing D. speaking
29. A. charges B. entertains C. rewards D. credits
30. A. important B. promising C. interesting D. complex
31. A. circles B. habits C. impressions D. relationships
32. A. rough B. long C. meaningful D. productive
33. A. hardly B. nearly C. genuinely D. accidentally
34. A. fisherman B. kid C. parent D. neighbor
35. A. dream B. expect C. witness D. receive
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了善良的威廉·邓恩几乎每个周末都带着一群孩子出去钓鱼，他们大多数人在生活中没有父亲的形象，也从来没有钓过鱼。在钓鱼的过程中，孩子们很开心，同时邓恩也给了这些孩子一些建议和鼓励，这些孩子们也取得了进步。

21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：邻居威廉·邓恩想知道他的生活发生了什么。A. revealed揭示；B. explained解释；C. doubted怀疑；D. wondered想知道。根据下文“So Dunn asked him.”可知，邻居威廉·邓恩想知道他的生活发生了什么。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“他告诉我他没有父亲，”现年58岁的邓恩说，“我意识到我可以为他做点什么。”A. mother母亲；B. father父亲；C. brother兄弟；D. sister姐姐。根据下文“Dunn has taken groups of kids out almost every ___5___to fish. Most didn’t have father figures in their lives and had never fished.”可知，这个男孩没有父亲。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：“他告诉我他没有父亲，”现年58岁的邓恩说，“我意识到我可以为他做点什么。”A. something某物；B. nothing什么都没有；C. anything任何东西；D. everything一切。根据下文“That something was___4___, a passion Dunn’s father had shared with him.”可知，邓恩想为他做点什么，something属于原词复现。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那就是钓鱼，这是邓恩的父亲和他共同的爱好。A. camping露营；B. boating划船；C. fishing钓鱼；D. running跑步。根据下文“Dunn has taken groups of kids out almost every ___5___to fish.”可知，此处指钓鱼。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：邓恩几乎每个周末都带着一群孩子出去钓鱼。A. day天；B. month月；C. year年；D. weekend周末。根据下文“I feel lucky to____15____that every weekend.”可知，此处指几乎每个周末，邓恩都带着一群孩子出去钓鱼。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“他们经历了很多，他们的生活很艰难，”邓恩说。A. different不同的；B. difficult艰难的；C. disciplined纪律严明的；D. dynamic充满活力的。根据上文“Most didn’t have father figures in their lives and had never fished.”及常识可知，这些孩子大多数人没有父亲，生活很艰难。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但当他们钓鱼时，所有这些都消失了。A. went away消失；B. broke out爆发；C. came about产生；D. took over接管。根据下文“Out on the boat, they’d be smiling, and even___8___.”可知，但当他们钓鱼时，这些孩子很开心，那些生活的艰难都忘记了、消失了。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在船上，他们会微笑，甚至唱歌。A. studying学习；B. sailing航行；C. singing唱歌；D. speaking谈话。根据上文“Out on the boat, they’d be smiling”可知，但当他们钓鱼时，这些孩子很开心，singing符合此处语境。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现年13岁的杰登已经成为一名忠实的钓鱼人，他认为邓恩帮助他成熟起来。A. charges控告；B. entertains使快乐；C. rewards奖赏；D. credits认为。固定搭配credit sb. with sth.“把某事归功于某人”。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：和钓鱼一样重要的是邓恩和孩子们之间的关系。A. important重要的；B. promising有希望的；C. interesting有趣的；D. complex复杂的。根据语境可知，此处指和钓鱼一样重要的是邓恩和孩子们之间的关系。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：和钓鱼一样重要的是邓恩和孩子们之间的关系。A. circles圆圈；B. habits习惯；C. impressions印象；D. relationships关系。根据下文“Dunn forms with the kids.”可知，此处指邓恩和孩子们之间的关系。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“当杰登最近在学习上遇到困难时，我让邓恩知道他的成绩很差，他还和杰登聊了一会儿，”杰登的母亲说。 A. rough 艰难的；B. long长的；C. meaningful有意义的；D. productive富有成效的，多产的。根据下文“I let Dunn know that his grades were suffering and he had a little talk with Jayden”可知，此处指杰登最近在学习上遇到了困难。故选A。
33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：令她高兴的是，杰登的成绩在下次考试中真正提高了。A. hardly几乎不；B. nearly差不多；C. genuinely真正地；D. accidentally意外地。根据上文“To her delight”可知，杰登的成绩在下次考试中真正提高了。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“没有什么比看到一个孩子面带微笑更开心的了，”邓恩说。A. fisherman渔夫；B. kid孩子；C. parent父亲（或母亲）；D. neighbor邻居。根据上文“Dunn has taken groups of kids out almost every ___5___to fish.”可知，此处指看到一个孩子面带微笑。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个周末都能见证这一切，我感到很幸运。A. dream梦见；B. expect预期；C. witness见证；D. receive接收。根据上文““There is nothing like seeing a____14____light up with a smile,” Dunn says.”可知，每个周末都能见证一个孩子面带微笑，我感到很幸运。故选C。
第二节(共10题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The animated film Chang An has become a surprise hit, earning___36___impressive 600 million yuan at the box office of the Chinese mainland within just ten days of its release. It has appealed to audiences of all ages, who ___37___(enthusiastic) recite poetry alongside the characters on screen, taking them on a fantastic journey. This film not only identifies with the Chinese people but also allows the world ___38___(explore) the rich tradition of Tang poetry and the “Chinese Poetry Universe.”
The story centers around the deep friendship between poet Gao Shi and the romantic poet Li Bai offering a brief look into the glorious history of the Tang era, ___39___is known for its economic prosperity and cultural advancement. The 48 Tang poems ___40___(feature) in the movie present a view of the most excellent poets of that time as well as their political ambitions and ideals. These poems transport audiences___41___ sandy deserts to mist-filled regions along the Yangtze River.
Chang An is undoubtedly a masterpiece that shows the unique___42___(characteristic) of Chinese culture to the world. In China, poets and their poems___43___(consider) national treasures. These poems describe not only the historical changes of a dynasty, but also___44___(people) understanding of the world. The film has raised the audiences’____45____(aware) and enhanced their love and belief in Chinese culture.
【答案】36. an 37. enthusiastically
38. to explore
39. which 40. featured
41. from 42. characteristics
43. are considered
44. people’s
45. awareness
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了动画电影《长安三万里》所取得的成就、电影故事简介及文化意义。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：动画电影《长安三万里》出人意料地大受欢迎，上映仅10天就在中国大陆获得了令人印象深刻的6亿元票房。此处泛指“一个令人印象深刻的6亿元票房”，用不定冠词，impressive是以元音音素开头的词，应用an。故填an。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：它吸引了各个年龄段的观众，他们热情地与银幕上的角色一起背诵诗歌。此处修饰动词recite，应用副词作状语。故填enthusiastically。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这部电影不仅认同中国人民，而且让世界探索唐诗的丰富传统和“中国诗歌宇宙”。固定搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”。故填to explore。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：故事围绕诗人高石和浪漫主义诗人李白之间的深厚友谊展开，简要介绍了以经济繁荣和文化进步而闻名的唐朝的辉煌历史。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是the Tang era，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：电影中的48首唐诗展现了当时最优秀的诗人以及他们的政治抱负和理想。feature与poems是逻辑动宾关系，此处为被动，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填featured。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：这些诗将观众从沙漠地带带到长江沿岸雾气弥漫的地区。固定搭配from...to...“从……到……”。故填from。
【42题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：《长安三万里》无疑是一个杰作，显示了中国文化对世界的独特的特征。characteristic“特征”，可数名词，由语境及常识可知，中国文化的独特特征有很多，应用名词复数形式。故填characteristics。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：在中国，诗人和他们的诗被认为是国宝。consider与主语poets and their poems是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语是复数，be动词使用are。故填are considered。
【44题详解】
考查名词所有格。句意：这些诗不仅描绘了一个朝代的历史变迁，也描绘了人们对世界的认识。people与understanding of the world是所属关系，应用名词所有格。故填people’s。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：这部电影提高了观众的意识，增强了他们对中国文化的热爱和信仰。此处作宾语，应用名词awareness“意识”，不可数名词。故填awareness。
第四部分 写作(共两节;满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华, 你校交换生Kevin准备熬夜观看世界杯足球赛，你认为这样做不合适、请你给Kevin写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 解释理由；
2. 提出建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：世界杯 World Cup
Dear Kevin,
I hope this e-mail finds you well.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Kevin,
I hope this e-mail finds you well. I want to discuss the matter of staying up late to watch the World Cup football matches with you, as I believe it may not be the most appropriate choice. Allow me to explain my reasons and offer some suggestions.
Firstly, disrupting your regular sleep pattern can result in fatigue, thus ultimately affecting your overall well-being. Secondly, as an exchange student, it is essential to prioritize your studies. Overindulging in late-night matches can potentially distract you from your academic work.
Considering these concerns. I suggest you strike a balance between your passion for football and your need for adequate sleep. You may consider recording the matches and watching them at a more suitable time without compromising your sleep routine or academic commitments.
I sincerely hope you take these suggestions into consideration.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假定你是李华, 你校交换生Kevin准备熬夜观看世界杯足球赛，你认为这样做不合适、请你给Kevin写一封邮件，内容包括：1. 解释理由；2. 提出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
适当的：appropriate→proper
建议：suggestion→advice
导致：result in→lead to
至关重要的：essential= vital
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Firstly, disrupting your regular sleep pattern can result in fatigue, thus ultimately affecting your overall well-being.
拓展句：Firstly, disrupting your regular sleep pattern can result in fatigue, which will ultimately affect your overall well-being.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I want to discuss the matter of staying up late to watch the World Cup football matches with you, as I believe it may not be the most appropriate choice. (运用了as引导的原因状语从句及省略that的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] You may consider recording the matches and watching them at a more suitable time without compromising your sleep routine or academic commitments. (运用了动名词作宾语)
第二节(满分 25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之成为一篇完整的短文。
Sandro was born and grew up in Milan. Until he was 13 years old, he never wanted to leave his hometown. But last year, Sandro’s father’s investment went bad, wiping out the family and sending his parents to prison. As a teenager under 16 years old, Sandro was forced to go to Newcastle in the northeast of England to stay with his uncle Lawrence.
Sandro had a lot of difficulties in the new environment. He didn’t like the food in England. Nobody could forecast the weather in Newcastle. He had to start learning the second foreign language in his new school. Pocket money was not enough as usual. Almost every subject was a challenge for him. Most importantly, he had no friends. It seemed nobody knew him and he knew nobody in the school.
On an early summer evening, when Sandro was going home alone from school as usual, a man called him from behind. Sandro turned around and saw Eddie, his PE teacher, standing in front of him.
“You know, the school will have a swimming competition next month. There will be all kinds of races. Will you participate?” Eddie asked.
Sandro took a look at Eddie with doubt and answered, “You sure? Me? No. I won’t. I can swim, but I’m slower than a snail.”
Eddie smiled and then said, “Yes. Indeed. You are, in breaststroke (蛙泳), in backstroke, and in butterfly, but not in freestyle. So join the freestyle race! 200-meter freestyle is the game suitable for you.”
Sandro was speechless at that moment. He had never known someone in the school was observing him and caring for him.
“I don’t think I can win anything,” Sandro was still a little puzzled.
“But you may get more recognition and consequently you can make some friends. That is more important than prizes,” Eddie responded immediately.
Having hesitated for a while, Sandro agreed to have a try.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Every afternoon for the next month, Sandro trained really hard.
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Sandro dived into the pool confidently like other competitors.
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【答案】One possible version:
Every afternoon for the next month, Sandro trained really hard. Starting position, starting dive, turning, pushing off, touching the timing pad, all details, he practiced them over and over. Whenever he was exhausted, Eddie’s words echoed in his mind and supplied extra energy to him. “Maybe I can’t be the champion of the game, but I can be the champion for myself.” He spoke in a low mumble to himself after he finished the last training. Finally, the day of competition arrived. With the sound of the starting gun piercing through the air, the race began as expected.
Sandro dived into the pool confidently like other competitors. He swam as freely as a fish. 150 meters covered, he was left behind by 2 competitors. In the last 50 meters, Sandro swam magnificently, with his arms pushing forward fast, his legs hitting the water hard. Finally, the championship was still out of his reach. When the result was announced that Sandro won third place, however, other players congratulated him, the audience in the stadium bursting into thunderous applause. As teacher Eddie said, he won the recognition and respect from others with his effort.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了桑德罗父亲投资失败了，全家破产，他的父母也被送进了监狱。不到16岁的时候，桑德罗被迫去英格兰东北部的纽卡斯尔和他的叔叔劳伦斯住在一起。桑德罗在新环境中遇到了很多困难。最重要的是，他没有朋友。初夏的一个傍晚，当桑德罗像往常一样独自放学回家时，体育老师埃迪从后面叫住了他。埃迪老师建议桑德罗参加学校下个月要举行的游泳比赛，虽然桑德罗游的很慢，但是在老师的建议下，他打算尝试一下。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“在接下来的一个月里，桑德罗每天下午都刻苦训练。”可知，第一段可描写桑德罗刻苦训练的过程，虽然很辛苦，但是没有放弃。
②由第二段首句内容“桑德罗像其他选手一样自信地跳入游泳池。”可知，第二段可描写桑德罗参加比赛的过程，全力以赴，虽然没能赢得冠军，但是他的努力赢得了别人的认可和尊重。
2. 续写线索：刻苦训练——筋疲力尽——仍不放弃——参加比赛——全力以赴——比赛结果——赢得了别人的认可和尊重
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①回响：echo/resound
②完成：finish/complete
③到来：arrive/come
④赢得：win/gain/get
情绪类
①认可：recognition/acknowledgment/identification
②尊重：respect/esteem/admiration
【点睛】[高分句型1] With the sound of the starting gun piercing through the air, the race began as expected. (运用了with复合结构)
[高分句型2] He spoke in a low mumble to himself after he finished the last training. (运用了after引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型3] When the result was announced that Sandro won third place, however, other players congratulated him, the audience in the stadium bursting into thunderous applause. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句、that引导的同位语从句、独立主格结构)