高考英语一轮复习高分突破练习专题13 定语从句（含解析）

这是一份高考英语一轮复习高分突破练习专题13 定语从句（含解析），共18页。试卷主要包含了关系代词引导的定语从句；，关系副词引导的定语从句；，as引导的定语从句；等内容，欢迎下载使用。


SKIPIF 1 < 0
考向分析
考生在定语从句的学习过程中存在着以下几个问题：(1)考生不能区分定语从句；(2)关系代词与关系副词的选择混乱，不清楚关系代词与关系副词的使用情况；(3)习惯性以翻译的方式来理解定语从句、同位语从句，而使自己陷入困境之中；(4)由于对句型结构分析不到位，经常出现代词与关系代词错用的情况。
复习建议
一、关系代词引导的定语从句；
二、关系副词引导的定语从句；
三、“介词＋which/whm”引导的定语从句；
四、as引导的定语从句；
考点导航
01关系代词引导的定语从句
引导定语从句的关系代词有：that, which, wh, whm, whse, as等，关系代词可作主语、宾语、定语等。
1．wh, whm, that这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
2．whse既可指人又可指物，在定语从句中作定语。指物时，“whse＋名词”可用“the＋名词＋f which”或“f which＋the＋名词”来代替。
3.which, that所代替的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
4.指物时，关系代词that和which一般情况下可换用，但以下几种情况下一般用that，而不用which。
(1)先行词是all, everything, smething, anything, nthing, nne, few, little, much等不定代词，或先行词被all, every, sme, any, n, few, little等修饰时。
注意：当smething确指某物或某事时，用that或which都可以。
(2)先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词the first，the secnd, ...，the last修饰时。
(3)先行词被the nly，the very，the right等修饰时。
(4)先行词既有人又有物时。
5．在以下情况中，只能用which，不能用that。
(1)在非限制性定语从句中，如从句中缺少主语或宾语指物，只能用which。
(2)关系代词充当介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词之前时，只能用which。
02关系副词引导的定语从句
当定语从句中不缺少主语、宾语、定语和表语时，要选用关系副词。其中when, where, why是常见的三个关系副词。
when＝表时间的介词(in, n, at, during等)＋which。
where＝表地点的介词(如in, at, n, under等)＋which；
why＝表原因的介词(如fr)＋which。
1．关系副词when, where, why的先行词是表示时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
当定语从句中不缺少主语、宾语、定语和表语时，要选用关系副词。其中when, where, why是常见的三个关系副词。
when＝表时间的介词(in, n, at, during等)＋which。
where＝表地点的介词(如in, at, n, under等)＋which；
why＝表原因的介词(如fr)＋which。x^kw
2．way和time后接定语从句的情况。
(1)当先行词是way(意为“方式、方法”，且关系词在定语从句中作状语)时，引导定语从句的关系词可以是that, in which或省略。如：
(2)先行词是time时，若time作“次数”讲，应用关系代词that引导定语从句，that可省略；若time作“一段时间，时代”讲，应用关系副词when或“介词at/during＋which”引导定语从句。如：
03“介词＋which/whm”引导的定语从
掌握“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，要注意以下几点：
1关系代词的确定
在介词后作宾语的关系代词只有which和whm。如果先行词是物，引导词用which；如果先行词是人，则引导词用whm。如：
2介词的位置
介词一般放在关系代词which和whm之前，但也可以放在原来的位置上。
3关系代词前介词的确定
依据定语从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配来确定
(2)根据先行词来确定。
(3)根据所表达的意思来确定。
4“名词/代词＋介词＋关系代词”结构
此类结构常见的有“sme/many/mst/all/nne/the largest＋f＋which/whm”等。
5 “复合介词短语＋关系代词which”引导的定语从句，其从句部分常与先行词用逗号隔开，且从句部分常用倒装语序。
6“介词＋which/whm＋不定式”结构
04as引导的定语从句
1．as作为关系代词，在定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时使用，通常先行词由the same, as, such, s等修饰时，关系代词用as。
注意：与的区别
中的as引导的是定语从句，而中的that引导的是结果状语从句。当as引导定语从句时，as在从句中一般作主语或宾语，而that引导结果状语从句时，that在从句中不作任何成分。
从句是完整的句子，前面的that只起引导从句的作用，在从句中不作成分。
2．关系代词as与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别
(1)位置不同
as引导的非限制性定语从句可以置于主句之前、之中或之后，而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能位于主句之后。如：
(2)意义不同
as常译作“正如，像”，多用于下列习惯用语中：as anybdy can see正如人人都能看到的那样；as is well knwn＝as is knwn t all众所周知；as we had expected 正如我们所预料的那样；as (it) ften happens正如经常发生的那样；as is ften the case正如经常发生的那样；as has been said befre如上所述；as is mentined abve正如上面提到的；as I remember (it)正如我所记得的那样。which常译作“这一点，这件事”，此时指前面主句所提到的那件事。如：
(3)用法不同
【分析】
SKIPIF 1 < 0
1.Children, in my pinin,____creative ability is unbelievably rich, shuld be trained in that area.
A．whichB．whatC．whD．whse
【答案】D
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在我看来，孩子们的创造能力丰富得令人难以置信，应该在这个领域进行训练。A. which先行词是人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；B. what引导名词性从句，在从句中作主语或宾语；C. wh先行词是人，在从句中作主语或宾语；D. whse先行词是人或物，在从句中作定语。分析句子结构，结合句意可知，“____creative ability is unbelievably rich”在名词Children后面作修饰成分，是非限制性定语从句，又因先行词Children和creative ability之间是所属关系，关系词在从句中作定语，用whse引导该从句。故选D。
2.There are nearly ne hundred freign students in ur university, mst f________ are frm America and Australia.
A．whichB．themC．whmD．thse
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们大学有将近一百名外国学生，大部分来自美国和澳大利亚。分析句子。逗号及之后内容为非限制性定语从句，先行词为freign students，结合设空前介词f，可知，先行词在从句中作介词的宾语，根据“介词+关系代词”的用法，先行词指人时关系代词用whm，故选C。
3.William Hastie nce suggested that histry infrms us f past mistakes ________ we can learn withut repeating them.
A．frm whichB．in whichC．with whmD．fr whm
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：威廉·哈斯蒂曾经说过，历史会告诉我们过去的错误，我们可以从中学习避免重复犯错。分析句子可知，past mistakes为现行词，_____ we can learn withut repeating them.为定语从句，从句中谓语动词can learn可知，要从过去的错误中学习，learn frm“从……中学习”，可知应用frm which引导定语从句。故选A。
4.He has been busy with his wrk the whle day, _____ has made his girlfriend unhappy.
A．whichB．itC．thatD．what
【答案】A
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：他整天忙于工作，这使他女朋友很不高兴。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是句子He has been busy with his wrk the whle day，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故选A项。
5.At last we fund a path leading t the tp f the muntain,________ we saw a beautiful sunrise.
A．in whereB．in whichC．whichD．frm where
【答案】D
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：最后我们找到了一条通往山顶的路，在那里我们看到了美丽的日出。分析句子结构可知，空格后为定语从句，where代表the tp f the muntain这个地方，frm where=frm the tp f the muntain，需要注意的是which只能代表the muntain，故选D。
6.The Vice f China set up a big stage ________ thse peple with a talent fr music culd stand ut and realize their dreams.
A．whenB．whereC．whatD．which
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国好声音搭建了一个巨大的舞台，让那些有音乐天赋的人脱颖而出，实现他们的梦想。句中先行词为stage，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故选B。
SKIPIF 1 < 0
1.They were well trained by their masters______ had great experience with caring fr these animals.
【答案】masters
【解析】wh / that此处用wh或that引导定语从句修饰先行词masters。
2.On the edge f the jacket, there is a piece f clth ______gives ff light in the dark.
【答案】that / which
【解析】根据句子结构可知，空白处缺少引导定语从句的关系代词。先行词是a piece f clth，为物，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，故用that或者which。
3.Tw f the authrs f the review als made a study published in 2014 ______ shwed a mere five t 10 minutes a day f running reduced the risk f heart disease and early deaths frm all causes.
【答案】that / which
【解析】that / which 此处用that / which引导定语从句修饰先行词study。
4.The Chinese Ministry f Agriculture finds that between 2005 – when the gvernment started a sil – testing prgram ______ gives specific fertilizer recmmendatins t farmers – and 2011, fertilizer use drpped by 7.7 millin tns.
【答案】that / which
【解析】根据语境“… gives s specific fertilizer recmmendatins t farmers”修饰 “a sil-testing prgram”，先行词表示物，关系代词作定语从句的主语，用that或者which。
5.I’m nt sure ______ is mre frightened, me r the female grilla(大猩猩)that suddenly appears ut f nwhere.
【答案】which
【解析】【名词性从句 / 连接词】根据下文的“me r the female grilla”可知，此处给出两个选择，句意为：我不确定哪一个感到更害怕。故填连接代词which。
6.Many westerners ______ cme t China ck much less than in their wn cuntries nce they realize hw cheap it can be t eat ut.
【答案】wh / that
【解析】此处缺引导定语从句并在定语从句中作主语的关系代词，故用wh或that。
SKIPIF 1 < 0
假定你是李华。你在国际学校就读的好友Tm想了解你校下周六将进行的劳动课。请你给他写 一封电子邮件，内容如下：
1.介绍劳动课的内容；
2.邀请参加；
3.提醒相关事项。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】Dear Tm,
Hw is it ging? I’m delighted t tell yu a labr class is scheduled at 8:00 next Saturday mrning in ur schl.
The labr class aims t imprve students’ skills in life, which has many interesting activities, including planting trees r flwers, raising chicks and helping d sme cleaning. Therefre, I wuld very much like t invite yu t jin us in it. If yu d, please take sme necessary wrking tls, such as brms and glves. Besides, dn’t frget t arrive at ur schl n time.
Lking frward t yur cming!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给Tm写封信，介绍下周六学校将进行的劳动课。
1.词汇积累
提高：imprve→enhance
有（涉及）：has→invlves
帮助：help→assist
此外：besides→additinally
2.句式拓展
简单句改为复合句
原句：The labr class aims t imprve students’ skills in life... Therefre, I wuld very much like t invite yu t jin us in it.
拓展句：The labr class aims t imprve students’ skills in life s that I wuld very much like t invite yu t jin us in it.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] I’m delighted t tell yu a labr class is scheduled at 8:00 next Saturday mrning in ur schl. (运用了宾语从句）
[高分句型2] The labr class aims t imprve students’ skills in life, which has many interesting activities, including planting trees r flwers, raising chicks and helping d sme cleaning. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句和including结构)
检测训练
Ⅰ、单项选择
1．Oppsite is St. Paul’s Church, ________ yu can hear sme lvely music.
A．whmB．whseC．asD．where
【答案】D
【解析】考查定语从句引导词。句意：对面是圣保罗教堂，在那里你可以听到一些美妙的音乐。根据句意可知，设空处指代前文的St. Paul’s Church，所以设空所在句是一个定语从句，St. Paul’s Church是先行词；分析定语从句成分可知，yu作主语，hear作谓语，sme lvely music作宾语，可知设空处作状语，所以此处应用关系副词；先行词 St. Paul’s Church表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以此处应用表示地点的关系副词where引导。故选D项。
2.There are a great number f attractins in Tianjin, ______ I like the Ancient Cultural Street best.
A．whichB．whereC．amng themD．amng which
【答案】D
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：天津有很多景点，其中我最喜欢的是古文化街。分析可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的先行词attractins，表示“在那些景点之中”，用介词amng，介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，指物，只能用which，所以用amng which引导。故选D项。
3.After a 57-day hiking, the explrers finally reached a place, ________ they believed was the Suth Ple.
A．whichB．whereC．thatD．as
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：经过57天的徒步旅行，探险者们终于到达了一个地方，他们认为那就是南极。在非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，they believed是插入语，且先行词为place，指物，所以应用关系代词which。故选A。
4.Students shuld invlve themselves in cmmunity activities ______ they can gain experience fr grwth.
A．whenB．whereC．whichD．why
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：学生应该参与社区活动，在那里他们可以获得成长的经验。在定语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，且先行词为activities，为抽象地点，所以应用关系副词where。故选B。
5.I think yu've gt t the pint________ a change is needed, therwise yu'll fail.
A．whenB．whereC．thatD．which
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我认为你已经到了需要改变的地步，否则你会失败的。分析可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰的先行词为地点名词the pint，且引导词在从句中做地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故选B项。
6.Tu Yuyu was awarded the Nbel Prize, ________ is cnsidered ne f the highest internatinal hnurs a persn can receive.
A．thatB．whatC．whichD．where
【答案】C
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：屠呦呦获得了诺贝尔奖，这被认为是一个人能获得的最高国际荣誉之一。此处the Nbel Prize是先行词，指物，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，定语从句由which引导。故选C。
7.There are hundreds f scenes in English nvels ________ characters walk thrugh a landscape f fallen leaves, which mirrrs their feelings.
A．thatB．whereC．whichD．when
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在英国小说中，有数百个场景，人物在落叶中穿行，这反映了他们的感受。根据句意和句子结构可知，空格处单词引导限制性定语从句，先行词为“scenes”，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故选B项。
8.He ften ges t schl by bike, ________ helps him keep fit.
A．whereB．whichC．whenD．that
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他经常骑自行车上学，这有助于他保持健康。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是空前整个句子，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词which引导定语从句。故选B。
9.Here are fur experiments we have t finish befre June 6th, ________ tw shuld be dne in the wild.
A．f whichB．whseC．in whichD．that
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这里有4个实验需要在6月6日前完成，其中2个需要在野外完成。分析句子结构，空处引导定语从句，先行词是fur experiments，在定语从句中作介词f的宾语，还原定语从句是：f fur experiments tw shuld be dne in the wild.表示“四个实验中的两个”，指物，故用关系代词which。故选A。
10.I place thse phts taken with my friends ________ I can see them every day s that it culd remind me f thse beautiful days.
A．whatB．thatC．whenD．where
【答案】D
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：我把和朋友一起拍的照片放在我每天都能看到的地方，这样我就能想起那些美妙的日子。place sth. 地点状语，此处的状语是从句形式，因此为地点状语从句，故选D。
11.At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands ________ artists demnstrate their skills and teach the visitrs.
A．whereB．whichC．thatD．when
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在中国艺术节上有不同的展台，在那里艺术家可以展示他们的并教给参观者。分析句子成分可知，stands 作先行词，空格后的句子为定语从句来修饰stands ，从句中不缺主宾表，故选关系副词，先行词stands 在从句中作地点状语，所以应用where。故选A。
12.He may have missed the train, ________ he wn’t arrive in anther hur.
A．in which caseB．in that case
C．under which cnditinD．n that ccasin
【答案】A
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：他可能误了火车，如果那样的话，他再过一个小时就到不了了。in which case用于引导非限制性定语从句，相当于and in that case，意为“如果那样的话”，符合句意。故选A项。
Ⅱ、语法填空
1Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31—______ wrks alngside her in the family business —said it remained unknwn as t wh nminated Irene fr the award.
【答案】wh
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：31岁的孙女盖尔·帕克斯与艾琳一起在家族生意工作。她说，谁提名艾琳获得这一奖项，目前还不得而知。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“Gayle Parks”，为人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词wh引导从句。故填wh。
2.The Crescent Spring, ______beauty attracts turists frm hme and abrad, has becme a rmantic paradise fr visitrs.
【答案】whse
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：月牙泉吸引了海内外游客，成为游客的浪漫天堂。分析句子可知，空白处及之后内容为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The Crescent Spring，在从句中作beauty的定语，指“月牙泉的美”，所以用关系代词whse，故填whse。
3.The sample, ______ includes 1,700 grams f lunar rcks and sil, is larger than previus nes.
【答案】which
【解析】考查关系代词。句意：该样本包含1,700克月球岩石和土壤，比以前的样本大。分析句子结构可知，该处是非限制性定语，指代主语the sample，所以是which在从句中作主语。故填which。
4.It marked the successful cnclusin f China’s current three-step lunar explratin prgram f rbiting and landing, and bringing back samples, ______ began in 2004.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意同上。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是China’s current three-step lunar explratin prgram，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
5.The rising number f wild birds in the reserve has brught a benefit fr birdwatchers, ______ are able t spt riental strks (东方白鹤) and ther wild birds even utside the reserve.
【答案】wh
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：保护区内野生鸟类数量的增加给观鸟者带来了好处，他们甚至可以在保护区外看到东方鹳和其他野生鸟类。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为birdwatchers，所以用关系代词wh。故填wh。
6.As the weather gets warmer and the air becmes drier, peple tend t feel their muths and tngues are dry, ______ can cause clds r cughs.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。这里为非限定性定语从句，用which指代前面的事情。句意：随着天气变暖，天气比较干，人们很容易口干舌燥，容易因此患上感冒或咳嗽。故填which。
7.Practising yga r Tai Chi can help t keep ur bdies supple, ______in turn can lwer jint pain and help t prtect us frm injury.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：练习瑜伽或太极可以帮助我们的身体保持柔韧，这反过来可以减少关节疼痛，帮助保护我们免受伤害。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，先行词是前面一整句话，所以应用which。故填which。
8.The 2020 Summer Olympics, ______ were planned fr this summer in Tky, have been frmally put ff until 2021 because f COVID-19.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：原定于今年夏天在东京举办的2020年夏季奥运会，由于新冠肺炎疫情，已被正式推迟至2021年。分析可知，非限定性定语从句部分缺主语，先行词是前文的“The 2020 Summer Olympics”，所以此处需用关系代词which。综上，故填which。
9.In Aug 2019, Liang wn the gld medal at the 45th Wrld Skills Cmpetitin in Electrnics in Kazan, Russia, ______is the biggest vcatinal educatin and skills excellence event in the wrld, rganized every secnd year by the Wrld Skills Internatinal with an aim t shw the skills and prmte career f yuth.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：2019年8月，在俄罗斯喀山举行的第45届世界技能大赛电子类比赛中，梁获得金奖，该赛事是世界技能国际组织每两年举办一次的全球最大的职业教育和技能精品赛事，旨在展示青少年的技能和促进职业发展。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Wrld Skills Cmpetitin in Electrnics，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
10.The mst famus f these is the Great Red Spt, ______ is s big that Earth culd fit inside it.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：其中最著名的是Great Red Spt，它大得可以容纳下地球。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Great Red Spt，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词which，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
11.While flying thrugh the wind, it prduced sund like the music prduced by gu – zheng, ______ is a traditinal Chinese musical instrument.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：当它在风中飞的时候，会发出像古筝一样的声音，古筝是一种传统的中国乐器。空格前有逗号，且空格后句子缺少主语，所以本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为gu – zheng，表物，故填which。
12.The valley including a museum claims t be the nly place ______visitrs can safely bserve wild Asian elephants.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这个山谷包括一个博物馆，声称是唯一一个游客可以安全观察野生亚洲象的地方。分析句子可知，此处是一个定语从句，先行词the nly place在从句中做状语，所以要用关系副词where。故填where。
Ⅲ、短文填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It's never been s imprtant t spend time utside,1．that's because it's the nly place t experience different scenes r fr the mental and physical gd prvided by fresh air and exercise. It's nt always easy t be2．(mtivate), which, hwever, is where nature cllecting can help.
Start by lking3．(clsely) at the flwers in yur garden r trees n yur street than ever befre. Hw many species r unusual features can yu spt? Pick up a fallen leaf r examine a pretty flwer. Allw yurself time4．(stp), breathe, switch n yur sensry antenna(触角) and cnnect with the bigger picture. Make5．extra effrt t lk, listen, smell, tuch and taste. When yu frm new habits, why nt set yurself the challenge f cllecting and identifying 100 natural6．(treasure) ver the seasns,7．(use) sme relevant knwledge?
When it8．(cme) t displaying yur finds, there are many methds t explre, frm cntainer displays, and pressed-flwer art9．ther wrks f art. Yu can als take phts r make drawings f live animals, rare plants r ther items,10．yu think need t stay in the wild, such as seashells and pebbles(鹅卵石) n the beach. Make it persnal and, abve all, enjy!
【答案】1．and2．mtivated3．clse4．t stp5．an6．treasures7．using8．cmes9．t10．which
【解析】这是一篇说明文。在户外呼吸新鲜空气和锻炼身体来获得精神和身体上的好处，但有时这并不容易。文章主要介绍了通过收集自然里的东西的办法，来多待在户外。
1．考查连词。句意：花时间在户外从来没有这么重要过，因为只有在户外，你才能体验不同的场景，或者通过新鲜空气和锻炼身体来获得精神和身体上的好处。根据前后文语境，“花时间在户外从来没有这么重要过”与后文“因为只有在户外，你才能体验不同的场景，或者通过新鲜空气和锻炼身体来获得精神和身体上的好处”构成并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
2．考查形容词。句意：想要时刻保持积极性并不总是那么容易的，然而，收集自然资源就能帮上忙。根据上文“It's nt always easy t be”可知应填形容词mtivated，作表语。故填mtivated。
3．考查副词。句意：从近距离观察花园中的花朵或街道上的树木开始。修饰动词lk应用副词clse，表示“近地”；clsely表示“亲密地”不符合语境。故填clse。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：给自己时间停下来，呼吸，打开你的感觉天线，连接到更大的画面。结合句意表示“允许做某事”可知短语为allw sb. t d sth.。故填t stp。
5．考查冠词。句意：多花点力气去看、听、闻、摸、尝。结合句意表示“多花点力气做某事”可知短语为make an extra effrt t d sth.。故填an。
6．考查名词的数。句意：当你形成了新的习惯，为什么不给自己设定一个挑战，利用一些相关的知识，在不同的季节里收集和识别100件自然珍宝？treasure当“珍宝”讲时为可数名词，由100修饰应用复数。故填treasures。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：当你形成了新的习惯，为什么不给自己设定一个挑战，利用一些相关的知识，在不同的季节里收集和识别100件自然珍宝？分析句子结构可知use在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语yu构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。故填using。
8．考查固定句型。句意：当提到要展示你的发现时，有很多方法可以探索，从容器展示、压花艺术到其他艺术作品。结合句意表示“当提到……”可知句型为when it cmes t ding sth.。故填cmes。
9．考查介词。句意：当提到要展示你的发现时，有很多方法可以探索，从容器展示、压花艺术到其他艺术作品。结合句意表示“从……到……”短语为frm…t…。故填t。
10．考查定语从句。句意：你也可以把活的动物，珍稀植物或其他你认为需要留在野外的物品拍照或画画，比如海滩上的贝壳和鹅卵石。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词items，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词which引导。that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
Ⅳ、书面表达
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was in my rm, slwly getting ready t head t the cmmunity theater with the rest f my family. I wasn't in the md fr being nstage.
“Kate, cme here,” my mm called frm dwn the hall.
I fund my mm utside the bathrm, hlding a wet bk. Henry, my new stepbrther, was nearby, wrking n a cmplicated string knt, as usual.
My mther gave the bk a shake. “Henry's bk is in the bathtub. Did yu put it there?”
“Nt n purpse,” I said. “It was already n the edge, and it happened t fall in when I stepped ut f the tub.”
My mther glared at me, smething she never did befre I had a stepfamily. “Yu culd have picked it up,” she said. "That wuld have been the kind thing t d.”
As Henry walked ahead f us t the car, my mm tk me aside. "This is ur crner f the wrld nw, Kate," she said. "Let's try t make it a gd ne.”
The cmmunity theater was busy when we gt there. Theater used t be what my mm and I did tgether—ne play a year fr ur special thing. With Henry invlved, it didn't seem s special anymre.
Henry's dad, wh had arrived earlier t help set up, was already in cstume. “Dear children,” he called in a theatrical vice, “Cme t Father.” I thught he was a nice guy even befre he and my mther started dating. Unfrtunately, I nw had a stepbrther t deal with.
Sn, it was curtain time. I peeked ut at the audience and nticed that the darkened theatre was full. My heart beat faster. I frgt my annyance at Henry as the lead actress sang, “The hills are alive with the sund f music!” Nthing cmpared t shw nights.
Befre lng, it was my turn. I went nstage, sng bk in hand. As we kids lined up befre Henry's dad, wh was playing the part f ur father, I realized hw prly I'd tied the string n my skirt which was ver leggings. I shuld have asked my mm fr help.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
And then, suddenly, the string knt n my skirt came untied.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I sht Henry a grateful glance.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 And then, suddenly, the string knt n my skirt came untied. Extremely wrried that I’d lse face in frnt f all the audience, I culd feel my heart punding. With bth my hands hlding the sng bk, I was at a lss what t d, when Henry, wh nticed my embarrassment, came t my aid. He fixed my cstume, tying the string with a fancy knt. He made me a jke abut me “nt” knwing knts. At this, the audience brke int laughter, but it felt OK.
I sht Henry a grateful glance. He smiled as if my mistake was n big deal. I gt thrugh the rest f the play successfully, still a shck in my mind. After we’d bwed and mved ffstage, I went straight t Henry and tapped him n the arm. “Thanks,” I said genuinely. He grinned, “Knt a prblem.” Maybe it wn’t be s bad t have a new persn in my crner f the wrld after all.
【分析】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的妈妈再婚后剩下了弟弟Henry，Henry喜欢做绳结，这天作者要在社区剧院上表演，结果发现自己裙子上的绳结开了，非常尴尬，还好Henry注意到了，帮作者把绳结系好了，过后也感谢了Henry。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然后，突然，我裙子上的绳结解开了。”可知，第一段可描写作者看到绳结开了后的反应，以及Henry是如何帮助作者的。
②由第二段首句内容“我感激地看了Henry一眼。”可知，第二段可描写作者演出后感谢Henry的经过。
2.续写线索：绳结解开了——作者尴尬——Henry帮忙——作者成功完成演出——作者感谢Henry